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Alvarez S, Gupta S, Honeychurch K, Mercado-Ayon Y, Kawaguchi R, Butler SJ. Netrin1 patterns the dorsal spinal cord through modulation of Bmp signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.02.565384. [PMID: 37961605 PMCID: PMC10635094 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.02.565384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We have identified an unexpected role for netrin1 as a suppressor of bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) signaling in the developing dorsal spinal cord. Using a combination of gain- and loss-of-function approaches in chicken, embryonic stem cell (ESC), and mouse models, we have observed that manipulating the level of netrin1 specifically alters the patterning of the Bmp-dependent dorsal interneurons (dIs), dI1-dI3. Altered netrin1 levels also change Bmp signaling activity, as measured by bioinformatics, and monitoring phosophoSmad1/5/8 activation, the canonical intermediate of Bmp signaling, and Id levels, a known Bmp target. Together, these studies support the hypothesis that netrin1 acts from the intermediate spinal cord to regionally confine Bmp signaling to the dorsal spinal cord. Thus, netrin1 has reiterative activities shaping dorsal spinal circuits, first by regulating cell fate decisions and then acting as a guidance cue to direct axon extension.
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2
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Ma L, Wei X, Ma W, Liu Y, Wang Y, He Y, Jia S, Wang Y, Luo W, Liu D, Huang T, Yan J, Gu H, Bai Y, Yuan Z. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:539-551. [PMID: 35325230 PMCID: PMC9154334 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal bifida aperta (SBA) is a congenital malformation with a high incidence. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has the potential to repair the structure of damaged tissues and restore their functions. This is an optional treatment that can be used as a supplement to surgery in the treatment of SBA. However, the application of BMSCs is limited, as the neuronal differentiation rate of BMSCs is not satisfactory when used in treating severe SBA. Thus, we aimed to assess the effect of neural stem cell (NSC)-derived exosomes on BMSC neuronal differentiation and observe the therapeutic effect in an ex vivo rat SBA embryo model. We found that NSC-derived exosomes increased the neuronal differentiation rate of BMSCs in vitro and in the SBA embryo model ex vivo. Proteomic analysis showed that NSC-derived exosomes were enriched in Netrin1, which positively regulated neuronal differentiation. Netrin1 increased the neuronal differentiation rate of BMSCs and NSCs and upregulated the expression of the neuronal markers, microtubule-associated protein (Map2), neurofilament, and β3-tubulin. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that Netrin1 treatment increased the expression of the transcription factors Hand2 and Phox2b, related to neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, the Netrin1-induced NSC neuronal differentiation was significantly blocked by Phox2b knockdown. We suggest that NSC-derived exosomal Netrin1 induces neuronal differentiation via the Hand2/Phox2b axis by upregulating the expression of Hand2 and Phox2b. Therefore, NSC-derived exosomes are a critical inducer of BMSC neuronal differentiation and represent a potential treatment agent that can benefit BMSC treatment in SBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ma
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Ma
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yusi Liu
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfu Wang
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiwen He
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenting Luo
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianchu Huang
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Gu
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzuo Bai
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author: Zhengwei Yuan, Key laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China. Tel: +86 24 23929903;
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Daraghma H, Untiveros G, Raskind A, Iaccarino E, Sandomenico A, Ruvo M, Arnouk H, Ciancio MJ, Cuevas-Nunez M, Strizzi L. The role of Nodal and Cripto-1 in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1137-1147. [PMID: 32916013 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common epithelial malignancy of the oral cavity. Nodal and Cripto-1 (CR-1) are important developmental morphogens expressed in several adult cancers and are associated with disease progression. Whether Nodal and CR-1 are simultaneously expressed in the same tumor and how this affects cancer biology are unclear. We investigate the expression and potential role of both Nodal and CR-1 in human OSCC. Immunohistochemistry results show that Nodal and CR-1 are both expressed in the same human OSCC sample and that intensity of Nodal staining is correlated with advanced-stage disease. However, this was not observed with CR-1 staining. Western blot analysis of lysates from two human OSCC line experiments shows expression of CR-1 and Nodal, and their respective signaling molecules, Src and ERK1/2. Treatment of SCC25 and SCC15 cells with both Nodal and CR-1 inhibitors simultaneously resulted in reduced cell viability and reduced levels of P-Src and P-ERK1/2. Further investigation showed that the combination treatment with both Nodal and CR-1 inhibitors was capable of reducing invasiveness of SCC25 cells. Our results show a possible role for Nodal/CR-1 function during progression of human OSCC and that targeting both proteins simultaneously may have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Daraghma
- Department of Pathology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA.,Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Gustavo Untiveros
- Department of Pathology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Aleksandr Raskind
- Department of Pathology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Emanuela Iaccarino
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (IBB-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Sandomenico
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (IBB-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (IBB-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Hilal Arnouk
- Department of Pathology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Mae J Ciancio
- Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Maria Cuevas-Nunez
- College of Dental Medicine Illinois, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Luigi Strizzi
- Department of Pathology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
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4
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Sandomenico A, Ruvo M. Targeting Nodal and Cripto-1: Perspectives Inside Dual Potential Theranostic Cancer Biomarkers. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1994-2050. [PMID: 30207211 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180912104707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elucidating the mechanisms of recurrence of embryonic signaling pathways in tumorigenesis has led to the discovery of onco-fetal players which have physiological roles during normal development but result aberrantly re-activated in tumors. In this context, Nodal and Cripto-1 are recognized as onco-developmental factors, which are absent in normal tissues but are overexpressed in several solid tumors where they can serve as theranostic agents. OBJECTIVE To collect, review and discuss the most relevant papers related to the involvement of Nodal and Cripto-1 in the development, progression, recurrence and metastasis of several tumors where they are over-expressed, with a particular attention to their occurrence on the surface of the corresponding sub-populations of cancer stem cells (CSC). RESULTS We have gathered, rationalized and discussed the most interesting findings extracted from some 370 papers related to the involvement of Cripto-1 and Nodal in all tumor types where they have been detected. Data demonstrate the clear connection between Nodal and Cripto-1 presence and their multiple oncogenic activities across different tumors. We have also reviewed and highlighted the potential of targeting Nodal, Cripto-1 and the complexes that they form on the surface of tumor cells, especially of CSC, as an innovative approach to detect and suppress tumors with molecules that block one or more mechanisms that they regulate. CONCLUSION Overall, Nodal and Cripto-1 represent two innovative and effective biomarkers for developing potential theranostic anti-tumor agents that target normal as well as CSC subpopulations and overcome both pharmacological resistance and tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Sandomenico
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBB-CNR), via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBB-CNR), via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy
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Sato T, Kokabu S, Enoki Y, Hayashi N, Matsumoto M, Nakahira M, Sugasawa M, Yoda T. Functional Roles of Netrin-1 in Osteoblast Differentiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 31:321-328. [PMID: 28438858 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM Recent studies have demonstrated that netrin-1 plays a vital role in bone metabolism. Previous studies have shown that osteoblasts produce netrin-1 which affects osteoclast differentiation. However, the role of netrin-1 in osteoblast differentiation is not well understood. In this study, we explored the roles of netrin-1 in osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), RNA interference for netrin receptors, the generation of netrin-1 plasmid, transfection of plasmids, and cell proliferation assay were performed. RESULTS During osteoblast differentiation by ascorbic acid, netrin-1 expression was significantly decreased. Gene expression related with osteoblast differentiation was down-regulated by netrin-1 treatment. We also found that osteoblast differentiation by bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) was inhibited in the presence of recombinant netrin-1. Forced expression of both BMP-4 and netrin-1 significantly decreased alkaline phosphatase expression. On the other hand, Unc5b, neogenin, and A2b which belong to netrin receptors were expressed by osteoblasts. Moreover, alkaline phosphatase expression was significantly decreased by knockdown for the combination of two receptors among these receptors. CONCLUSION Netrin-1 is involved in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Enoki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masahito Matsumoto
- Division of Functional Genomics and Systems Medicine, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Nakahira
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masashi Sugasawa
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yoda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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6
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Netrin-1 suppresses the MEK/ERK pathway and ITGB4 in pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:24719-33. [PMID: 27034160 PMCID: PMC5029736 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The axon guidance factor netrin-1 promotes tumorigenesis in multiple types of cancers, particularly at their advanced stages. Here, we investigate whether netrin-1 is involved in the in vivo growth of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We show that netrin-1 is significantly under-expressed in stage-I/II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Netrin-1 over-expression effectively arrests the growth of xenografted PDAC cells without decreasing cell proliferation or increasing apoptosis in two-dimensional cultures in vitro. Integrin-beta4 (ITGB4) expression is significantly reduced, and ITGB4-knockdown mimics the tumor-suppressive effect of netrin-1, implying that ITGB4 is a main target of netrin-1 in constraining PDAC. We further show that netrin-1 signals to UNC5B/FAK to stimulate nitric oxide production, which promotes PP2A-mediated inhibition of the MEK/ERK pathway and decreases phosphorylated-c-Jun recruitment to the ITGB4 promoter. Our findings suggest that netrin-1 can suppress the growth of PDAC and provide a mechanistic insight into this suppression.
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7
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Fernández-Nogueira P, Bragado P, Almendro V, Ametller E, Rios J, Choudhury S, Mancino M, Gascón P. Differential expression of neurogenes among breast cancer subtypes identifies high risk patients. Oncotarget 2017; 7:5313-26. [PMID: 26673618 PMCID: PMC4868688 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nervous system is now recognized to be a relevant component of the tumor microenvironment. Receptors for neuropeptides and neurotransmitters have been identified in breast cancer. However, very little is known about the role of neurogenes in regulating breast cancer progression. Our purpose was to identify neurogenes associated with breast cancer tumorigenesis with a potential to be used as biomarker and/or targets for treatment. We used three databases of human genes: GeneGo, GeneCards and Eugenes to generate a list of 1266 relevant neurogenes. Then we used bioinformatics tools to interrogate two published breast cancer databases SAGE and MicMa (n=96) and generated a list of 7 neurogenes that are differentially express among breast cancer subtypes. The clinical potential was further investigated using the GOBO database (n=1881). We identified 6 neurogenes that are differentially expressed among breast cancer subtypes and whose expression correlates with prognosis. Histamine receptor1 (HRH1), neuropilin2 (NRP2), ephrin-B1 (EFNB1), neural growth factor receptor (NGFR) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) were differentially overexpressed in basal and HER2-enriched tumor samples and syntaxin 1A (STX1A) was overexpressed in HER2-enriched and luminal B tumors. Analysis of HRH1, NRP2, and STX1A expression using the GOBO database showed that their expression significantly correlated with a shorter overall survival (p < 0.0001) and distant metastasis-free survival (p < 0.0001). In contrast, elevated co-expression of NGFR, EFNB1 and APP was associated with longer overall (p < 0.0001) and metastasis-free survival (p < 0.0001). We propose that HRH1, NRP2, and STX1A can be used as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for basal and HER2-enriched breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Fernández-Nogueira
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paloma Bragado
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Almendro
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisabet Ametller
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Rios
- Medical Statistics Core Facility, IDIBAPS, (Hospital Clinic) Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sibgat Choudhury
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mario Mancino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Gascón
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Morales-Hernández A, González-Rico FJ, Román AC, Rico-Leo E, Alvarez-Barrientos A, Sánchez L, Macia Á, Heras SR, García-Pérez JL, Merino JM, Fernández-Salguero PM. Alu retrotransposons promote differentiation of human carcinoma cells through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:4665-83. [PMID: 26883630 PMCID: PMC4889919 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell differentiation is a central process in development and in cancer growth and dissemination. OCT4 (POU5F1) and NANOG are essential for cell stemness and pluripotency; yet, the mechanisms that regulate their expression remain largely unknown. Repetitive elements account for almost half of the Human Genome; still, their role in gene regulation is poorly understood. Here, we show that the dioxin receptor (AHR) leads to differentiation of human carcinoma cells through the transcriptional upregulation of Alu retrotransposons, whose RNA transcripts can repress pluripotency genes. Despite the genome-wide presence of Alu elements, we provide evidences that those located at the NANOG and OCT4 promoters bind AHR, are transcribed by RNA polymerase-III and repress NANOG and OCT4 in differentiated cells. OCT4 and NANOG repression likely involves processing of Alu-derived transcripts through the miRNA machinery involving the Microprocessor and RISC. Consistently, stable AHR knockdown led to basal undifferentiation, impaired Alus transcription and blockade of OCT4 and NANOG repression. We suggest that transcripts produced from AHR-regulated Alu retrotransposons may control the expression of stemness genes OCT4 and NANOG during differentiation of carcinoma cells. The control of discrete Alu elements by specific transcription factors may have a dynamic role in genome regulation under physiological and diseased conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Morales-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06071-Badajoz, Spain
| | - Francisco J González-Rico
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06071-Badajoz, Spain
| | - Angel C Román
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002-Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Rico-Leo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06071-Badajoz, Spain
| | - Alberto Alvarez-Barrientos
- Servicio de Técnicas Aplicadas a las Biociencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n 06071-Badajoz, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez
- GENYO. Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica: Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, Avda. de la Ilustración 114, PTS Granada, 18016-Granada, Spain
| | - Ángela Macia
- GENYO. Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica: Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, Avda. de la Ilustración 114, PTS Granada, 18016-Granada, Spain
| | - Sara R Heras
- GENYO. Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica: Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, Avda. de la Ilustración 114, PTS Granada, 18016-Granada, Spain
| | - José L García-Pérez
- GENYO. Centro de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica: Pfizer/Universidad de Granada/Junta de Andalucía, Avda. de la Ilustración 114, PTS Granada, 18016-Granada, Spain
| | - Jaime M Merino
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06071-Badajoz, Spain
| | - Pedro M Fernández-Salguero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06071-Badajoz, Spain
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9
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Dubreuil V, Sap J, Harroch S. Protein tyrosine phosphatase regulation of stem and progenitor cell biology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 37:82-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Strizzi L, Margaryan NV, Gilgur A, Hardy KM, Normanno N, Salomon DS, Hendrix MJC. The significance of a Cripto-1 positive subpopulation of human melanoma cells exhibiting stem cell-like characteristics. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:1450-6. [PMID: 23574716 DOI: 10.4161/cc.24601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cripto-1 (CR-1) protein function differs according to cellular or extracellular expression. In this study, we explore the significance of cell surface CR-1 expression in human melanoma cells. Cell surface CR-1-expressing human melanoma cells (CR1-CS+) were selected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and grown in vitro and in vivo in nude mice to study their growth characteristics. The CR1-CS+ melanoma cells were found to express increased levels of Oct4, MDR-1 and activated c-Src compared with cells lacking this subpopulation (CR1-CS-) or unsorted cells, used as control. CR1-CS+ show reduced proliferation rates and diminished spherical colony formation compared with control cells when cultured in vitro. Orthotopic injections of CR1-CS+ in nude mice formed slow growing tumors with histologic variability across different areas of the CR1-CS+ xenografts. CR-1-expressing cells from first generation CR1-CS+ tumors showed significantly increased tumor-forming rate and aggressiveness following subsequent transplants in nude mice. These data demonstrate that within a heterogeneous melanoma cell population there resides a slow proliferating, cell surface CR-1-expressing subpopulation capable of giving rise to a fast growing, aggressive progeny that may contribute to disease recurrence and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Strizzi
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Research Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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11
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Nagaoka T, Karasawa H, Turbyville T, Rangel MC, Castro NP, Gonzales M, Baker A, Seno M, Lockett S, Greer YE, Rubin JS, Salomon DS, Bianco C. Cripto-1 enhances the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by binding to LRP5 and LRP6 co-receptors. Cell Signal 2013; 25:178-89. [PMID: 23022962 PMCID: PMC3508164 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cripto-1 is implicated in multiple cellular events, including cell proliferation, motility and angiogenesis, through the activation of an intricate network of signaling pathways. A crosstalk between Cripto-1 and the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been previously described. In fact, Cripto-1 is a downstream target gene of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the embryo and in colon cancer cells and T-cell factor (Tcf)/lymphoid enhancer factor binding sites have been identified in the promoter and the first intronic region of the mouse and human Cripto-1 genes. We now demonstrate that Cripto-1 modulates signaling through the canonical Wnt/β-catenin/Tcf pathway by binding to the Wnt co-receptors low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) 5 and LRP6, which facilitates Wnt3a binding to LRP5 and LRP6. Cripto-1 functionally enhances Wnt3a signaling through cytoplasmic stabilization of β-catenin and elevated β-catenin/Tcf transcriptional activation. Conversely, Wnt3a further increases Cripto-1 stimulation of migration, invasion and colony formation in soft agar of HC11 mouse mammary epithelial cells, indicating that Cripto-1 and the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling co-operate in regulating motility and in vitro transformation of mammary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Nagaoka
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1050 Boyles St., Bldg 560/ Room 12-46, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Hideaki Karasawa
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1050 Boyles St., Bldg 560/ Room 12-46, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Thomas Turbyville
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Maria-Cristina Rangel
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1050 Boyles St., Bldg 560/ Room 12-46, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Nadia P. Castro
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1050 Boyles St., Bldg 560/ Room 12-46, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Monica Gonzales
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1050 Boyles St., Bldg 560/ Room 12-46, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Alyson Baker
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1050 Boyles St., Bldg 560/ Room 12-46, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Masaharu Seno
- Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Stephen Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Yoshimi E. Greer
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Bldg 37/Room 2066, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Rubin
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 37 Convent Drive, Bldg 37/Room 2066, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - David S. Salomon
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1050 Boyles St., Bldg 560/ Room 12-46, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Caterina Bianco
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 1050 Boyles St., Bldg 560/ Room 12-46, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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Shen Y, Meiri K. GAP-43 dependency defines distinct effects of netrin-1 on cortical and spinal neurite outgrowth and directional guidance. Int J Dev Neurosci 2012; 31:11-20. [PMID: 23085079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is a major nervous system protein whose phosphorylation by protein kinase C regulates growth cone responses to extracellular guidance cues via F-actin. GAP-43 is essential for axon pathfinding in both cortical afferents and efferents: when it is genetically deleted, somatosensory, auditory and visual somatotopic maps fail to form, and telencephalic commissural axons fail to cross the midline. Here we investigated whether the midline guidance cue netrin-1 depends on GAP-43 for its functions in neurite growth and guidance. We used 3-dimensional collagen gel co-cultures to show that both endogenous netrin-1, expressed by the spinal cord floor plate, and recombinant netrin-1, expressed by transfected COS7 cells, stimulate neurite outgrowth and chemotropic guidance of neocortical callosal axons. In contrast both were significantly inhibited in GAP-43 (-/-) neocortical callosal axons, mimicking the in vivo phenotype. Conversely, neither netrin-1-stimulated neurite outgrowth nor guidance of dorsal spinal cord commissure axons were affected when GAP-43 was absent, again consistent with in vivo phenotype but suggesting fundamental differences in how neocortical and spinal cord axons respond to netrin-1. In addition, differences in GAP-43 dependency also distinguished how ventrolateral cortical efferents respond to netrin-1: in contrast to callosal neurites, in which netrin-1 required GAP-43 in order to stimulate both outgrowth and guidance, in ventrolateral efferents, netrin-1 required GAP-43 only to stimulate outgrowth, but not guidance. Moreover, netrin-1 increased the numbers of both types of cortical, but not spinal neurites. The results demonstrate previously unappreciated diversity in how different classes of neurons respond to the same guidance cue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Shen
- Programs in Cell and Molecular Biology and Neuroscience, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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13
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Abstract
This review is focusing on a critical mediator of embryonic and postnatal development with multiple implications in inflammation, neoplasia, and other pathological situations in brain and peripheral tissues. These morphogenetic guidance and dependence processes are involved in several malignancies targeting the epithelial and immune systems including the progression of human colorectal cancers. We consider the most important findings and their impact on basic, translational, and clinical cancer research. Expected information can bring new cues for innovative, efficient, and safe strategies of personalized medicine based on molecular markers, protagonists, signaling networks, and effectors inherent to the Netrin axis in pathophysiological states.
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Mancino M, Ametller E, Gascón P, Almendro V. The neuronal influence on tumor progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2011; 1816:105-18. [PMID: 21616127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nerve fibers accompany blood and lymphatic vessels all over the body. An extensive amount of knowledge has been obtained with regard to tumor angiogenesis and tumor lymphangiogenesis, yet little is known about the potential biological effects of "neoneurogenesis". Cancer cells can exploit the advantage of the factors released by the nerve fibers to generate a positive microenvironment for cell survival and proliferation. At the same time, they can stimulate the formation of neurites by secreting neurotrophic factors and axon guidance molecules. The neuronal influence on the biology of a neoplasm was initially described several decades ago. Since then, an increasing amount of experimental evidence strongly suggests the existence of reciprocal interactions between cancer cells and nerves in humans. Moreover, researchers have been able to demonstrate a crosstalk between cancer cells and nerve fibers as a strategy for survival. Despite all these evidence, a lot remains to be done in order to clarify the role of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and their associated receptor-initiated signaling pathways in the development and progression of cancer, and response to therapy. A global-wide characterization of the neurotransmitters or neuropeptides present in the tumor microenvironment would provide insights into the real biological influences of the neuronal tissue on tumor progression. This review is intended to discuss our current understanding of neurosignaling in cancer and its potential implications on cancer prevention and therapy. The review will focus on the soluble factors released by cancer cells and nerve endings, their biological effects and their potential relevance in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mancino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro Esther Koplowitz CEK, Institut d' investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Medical School, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Watanabe K, Meyer MJ, Strizzi L, Lee JM, Gonzales M, Bianco C, Nagaoka T, Farid SS, Margaryan N, Hendrix MJC, Vonderhaar BK, Salomon DS. Cripto-1 is a cell surface marker for a tumorigenic, undifferentiated subpopulation in human embryonal carcinoma cells. Stem Cells 2011; 28:1303-14. [PMID: 20549704 DOI: 10.1002/stem.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of stem cells is associated with the generation and progression of malignant tumors. In addition, genes that are associated with early embryogenesis are frequently expressed in cancer. Cripto-1 (CR-1), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked glycoprotein, is expressed during early embryogenesis and in various human carcinomas. We demonstrated that human embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are heterogeneous for CR-1 expression and consist of two distinct subpopulations: a CR-1(High) and a CR-1(Low) population. By segregating CR-1(High) and CR-1(Low) populations of NTERA2/D1 EC cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, we demonstrated that CR-1(High) cells were more tumorigenic than CR-1(Low) cells by an in vitro tumor sphere assay and by in vivo xenograft formation. The CR-1(High) population was enriched in mRNA expression for the pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cell genes Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog. CR-1 expression in NTERA2/D1 cells was regulated by a Smad2/3-dependent autocrine loop, by the ES cell-related transcription factors Oct4/Nanog, and partially by the DNA methylation status of the promoter region. These results demonstrate that CR-1 expression is enriched in an undifferentiated, tumorigenic subpopulation and is regulated by key regulators of pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Watanabe
- Mammary Biology and Tumorigenesis Laboratory, Robert H. LurieCancer Center Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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16
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Zhong S, Zou L, Zhao Y, Hu B, Xie H. Effect of different concentrations of neogenin on proliferation, apoptosis and related proliferative factors in human trophoblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 30:500-4. [PMID: 20714878 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-010-0457-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The underlying effect of different concentrations of neogenin on proliferation, apoptosis and the related proliferative factors in human trophoblasts was explored in order to understand the function of neogenin during placentation. TEV-1 cell line was cultured and the expression of netrin-1 was detected by using indirect cellular immunofluorescence. Exponentially growing TEV-1 cells were treated by different concentrations of neogenin (0, 1, 5, 10, 50 ng/mL) for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. TEV-1 cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry (FCM). The expression of netrin-1 mRNA and protein in TEV-1 cells was examined by using real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. It was found that immunoreactivity for netrin-1 was observed in cytoplasm of the trophoblasts. Immediately after treatment with different concentrations of neogenin for 24 h, the netrin-1 expression began to increase. Real-time PCR revealed that the expression level of netrin-1 mRNA was 37.59+/-10.25 times higher than control group when TEV-1 cells were exposed to 50 ng/mL neogenin (P<0.01), and the same tendency was seen by using Western blot. MTT results showed that proliferation of TEV-1 cells was independent of neogenin. Meanwhile, apoptosis was significantly increased to (22.15+/-6.15)% at 50 ng/mL neogenin and (6.55+/-0.25)% without neogenin (P<0.01). It is suggested that neogenin regulates proliferation and apoptosis of TEV-1 cells. And it can enhance the ability of TEV-1 cells to express netrin-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Neogenin may play an important biological role in the normal human pregnancy and contribute to the physiological pregnancy process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoping Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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