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Estevam GO, Linossi EM, Rao J, Macdonald CB, Ravikumar A, Chrispens KM, Capra JA, Coyote-Maestas W, Pimentel H, Collisson EA, Jura N, Fraser JS. Mapping kinase domain resistance mechanisms for the MET receptor tyrosine kinase via deep mutational scanning. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.16.603579. [PMID: 39071407 PMCID: PMC11275805 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.16.603579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in the kinase and juxtamembrane domains of the MET Receptor Tyrosine Kinase are responsible for oncogenesis in various cancers and can drive resistance to MET-directed treatments. Determining the most effective inhibitor for each mutational profile is a major challenge for MET-driven cancer treatment in precision medicine. Here, we used a deep mutational scan (DMS) of ~5,764 MET kinase domain variants to profile the growth of each mutation against a panel of 11 inhibitors that are reported to target the MET kinase domain. We identified common resistance sites across type I, type II, and type I ½ inhibitors, unveiled unique resistance and sensitizing mutations for each inhibitor, and validated non-cross-resistant sensitivities for type I and type II inhibitor pairs. We augment a protein language model with biophysical and chemical features to improve the predictive performance for inhibitor-treated datasets. Together, our study demonstrates a pooled experimental pipeline for identifying resistance mutations, provides a reference dictionary for mutations that are sensitized to specific therapies, and offers insights for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella O. Estevam
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Tetrad Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Edmond M. Linossi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jingyou Rao
- Department of Computer Science, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christian B. Macdonald
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ashraya Ravikumar
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Karson M. Chrispens
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Biophysics Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - John A. Capra
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Willow Coyote-Maestas
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Harold Pimentel
- Department of Computer Science, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Computational Medicine and Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Eric A. Collisson
- Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - James S. Fraser
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Dong SS, Dong W, Tan YF, Xiao Q, Wang TL. Case report: Acquired resistance to crizotinib from a MET Y1230H mutation in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer and KIF5B-MET fusion. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1370901. [PMID: 38690167 PMCID: PMC11059057 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1370901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The c-met proto-oncogene (MET) serves as a significant primary oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and has the potential to fuse with other genes, such as KIF5B, although it occurs infrequently. Only a limited number of reported cases have examined the clinical efficacy of crizotinib in patients with KIF5B-MET gene fusion, with no known data regarding acquired resistance to crizotinib and its potential mechanisms. In this report, we present the clinical progression of a female patient diagnosed with NSCLC and harboring a KIF5B-MET gene fusion. Case description The patient initially exhibited partial response to first-line crizotinib treatment, albeit for a short duration and with limited efficacy. Subsequent disease progression revealed the emergence of a secondary MET mutation, specifically MET Y1230H, leading to acquired resistance to crizotinib. Conclusion The reporting of this case is imperative for informing clinical practice, given the uncommon occurrence of NSCLC with MET fusion, displaying responsiveness to MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, as well as the emergence of the secondary Y1230H alteration as a potential resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Su Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (the First People’s Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Dong
- Department of Oncology, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (the First People’s Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Fen Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (the First People’s Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (the First People’s Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (the First People’s Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan, China
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Fang MM, Cheng JT, Chen YQ, Lin XC, Su JW, Wu YL, Chen HJ, Yang JJ. Molecular features and clinical outcomes of EGFR-mutated, MET-amplified non-small-cell lung cancer after resistance to dual-targeted therapy. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359241234504. [PMID: 38449561 PMCID: PMC10916476 DOI: 10.1177/17588359241234504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Some studies of dual-targeted therapy (DTT) targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) have shown promising efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Consequently, patient management following DTT resistance has gained significance. However, the underlying resistance mechanisms and clinical outcomes in these patients remain unclear. Objectives This study aimed to delineate the molecular characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations and acquired MET amplification after developing resistance to DTT. Design We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with NSCLC with EGFR mutations and acquired MET amplification who exhibited resistance to EGFR/MET DTT. Methods Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on patients with available tissue samples before and/or after the development of resistance to DTT. Stratified analyses were carried out based on data sources and subsequent salvage treatments. Univariate/multivariate Cox regression models and survival analyses were employed to explore potential independent prognostic factors. Results The study included 77 NSCLC patients, with NGS conducted on 19 patients. We observed many resistance mechanisms, including EGFR-dependent pathways (4/19, 21.1%), MET-dependent pathways (2/19, 10.5%), EGFR/MET co-dependent pathways (2/19, 10.5%), and EGFR/MET-independent resistance mechanisms (11/19, 57.9%). Post-progression progression-free survival (pPFS) and post-progression overall survival (pOS) significantly varied among patients who received the best supportive care (BSC), targeted therapy, or chemotherapy (CT), with median pPFS of 1.5, 3.9, and 4.9 months, respectively (p = 0.003). Median pOS were 2.3, 7.7, and 9.2 months, respectively (p < 0.001). The number of treatment lines following DTT resistance and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status emerged as the independent prognostic factors. Conclusion This study revealed a heterogeneous landscape of resistance mechanisms to EGFR/MET DTT, with a similar prevalence of on- and off-target mechanisms. Targeted therapy or CT, as compared to BSC, exhibited the potential to improve survival outcomes for patients with advanced NSCLC following resistance to DTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mei Fang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Cheng
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qing Chen
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Lin
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Wei Su
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Jun Chen
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ji Yang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, 106 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Grädler U, Schwarz D, Wegener A, Eichhorn T, Bandeiras TM, Freitas MC, Lammens A, Ganichkin O, Augustin M, Minguzzi S, Becker F, Bomke J. Biophysical and structural characterization of the impacts of MET phosphorylation on tepotinib binding. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105328. [PMID: 37806493 PMCID: PMC10654029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase MET is activated by hepatocyte growth factor binding, followed by phosphorylation of the intracellular kinase domain (KD) mainly within the activation loop (A-loop) on Y1234 and Y1235. Dysregulation of MET can lead to both tumor growth and metastatic progression of cancer cells. Tepotinib is a highly selective, potent type Ib MET inhibitor and approved for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer harboring METex14 skipping alterations. Tepotinib binds to the ATP site of unphosphorylated MET with critical π-stacking contacts to Y1230 of the A-loop, resulting in a high residence time. In our study, we combined protein crystallography, biophysical methods (surface plasmon resonance, differential scanning fluorimetry), and mass spectrometry to clarify the impacts of A-loop conformation on tepotinib binding using different recombinant MET KD protein variants. We solved the first crystal structures of MET mutants Y1235D, Y1234E/1235E, and F1200I in complex with tepotinib. Our biophysical and structural data indicated a linkage between reduced residence times for tepotinib and modulation of A-loop conformation either by mutation (Y1235D), by affecting the overall Y1234/Y1235 phosphorylation status (L1195V and F1200I) or by disturbing critical π-stacking interactions with tepotinib (Y1230C). We corroborated these data with target engagement studies by fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy using KD constructs in cell lysates or full-length receptors from solubilized cellular membranes as WT or activated mutants (Y1235D and Y1234E/1235E). Collectively, our results provide further insight into the MET A-loop structural determinants that affect the binding of the selective inhibitor tepotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Grädler
- The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Daniel Schwarz
- The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ansgar Wegener
- The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Tiago M Bandeiras
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Micael C Freitas
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jörg Bomke
- The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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5
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Spitaleri G, Trillo Aliaga P, Attili I, Del Signore E, Corvaja C, Corti C, Uliano J, Passaro A, de Marinis F. MET in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Cross 'a Long and Winding Road' Looking for a Target. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4779. [PMID: 37835473 PMCID: PMC10571577 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) can harbour different MET alterations, such as MET overexpression (MET OE), MET gene amplification (MET AMP), or MET gene mutations. Retrospective studies of surgical series of patients with MET-dysregulated NSCLC have shown worse clinical outcomes irrespective of the type of specific MET gene alteration. On the other hand, earlier attempts failed to identify the 'druggable' molecular gene driver until the discovery of MET exon 14 skipping mutations (METex14). METex14 are rare and amount to around 3% of all NSCLCs. Patients with METex14 NSCLC attain modest results when they are treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). New selective MET inhibitors (MET-Is) showed a long-lasting clinical benefit in patients with METex14 NSCLC and modest activity in patients with MET AMP NSCLC. Ongoing clinical trials are investigating new small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, bispecific antibodies, or antibodies drug conjugate (ADCs). This review focuses on the prognostic role of MET, the summary of pivotal clinical trials of selective MET-Is with a focus on resistance mechanisms. The last section is addressed to future developments and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Spitaleri
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Pamela Trillo Aliaga
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Ilaria Attili
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Ester Del Signore
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Carla Corvaja
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Chiara Corti
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (J.U.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Uliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (J.U.)
- Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Passaro
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Filippo de Marinis
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (P.T.A.); (I.A.); (E.D.S.); (C.C.); (F.d.M.)
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Riedel R, Fassunke J, Tumbrink HL, Scheel AH, Heydt C, Hieggelke L, Scheffler M, Heimsoeth A, Nogova L, Michels S, Weber JP, Fischer RN, Eisert A, Westphal T, Schaufler D, Siemanowski J, Ihle MA, Wagener-Ryczek S, Castiglione R, Pappesch R, Rehker J, Jürgens J, Stoelben E, Bunck A, Kobe C, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Sos ML, Büttner R, Wolf J. Resistance to MET inhibition in MET-dependent NSCLC and therapeutic activity after switching from type I to type II MET inhibitors. Eur J Cancer 2023; 179:124-135. [PMID: 36521334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resistance to MET inhibition occurs inevitably in MET-dependent non-small cell lung cancer and the underlying mechanisms are insufficiently understood. We describe resistance mechanisms in patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutation (METΔex14), MET amplification, and MET fusion and report treatment outcomes after switching therapy from type I to type II MET inhibitors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre- and post-treatment biopsies were analysed by NGS (next generation sequencing), digital droplet PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and FISH (fluorescense in situ hybridization). A patient-derived xenograft model was generated in one case. RESULTS Of 26 patients with MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment, eight had paired pre- and post-treatment biopsies (Three with MET amplification, three with METΔex14, two with MET fusions (KIF5B-MET and PRKAR2B-MET).) In six patients, mechanisms of resistance were detected, whereas in two cases, the cause of resistance remained unclear. We found off-target resistance mechanisms in four cases with KRAS mutations and HER2 amplifications appearing. Two patients exhibited second-site MET mutations (p.D1246N and p. Y1248H). Three patients received type I and type II MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors sequentially. In two cases, further progressive disease was seen hereafter. The patient with KIF5B-MET fusion received three different MET inhibitors and showed long-lasting stable disease and a repeated response after switching therapy, respectively. CONCLUSION Resistance to MET inhibition is heterogeneous with on- and off-target mechanisms occurring regardless of the initial MET aberration. Switching therapy between different types of kinase inhibitors can lead to repeated responses in cases with second-site mutations. Controlled clinical trials in this setting with larger patient numbers are needed, as evidence to date is limited to preclinical data and case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Riedel
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Germany; Lung Cancer Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jana Fassunke
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany
| | - Hannah L Tumbrink
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Germany
| | - Andreas H Scheel
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany
| | - Carina Heydt
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany
| | - Lena Hieggelke
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany
| | - Matthias Scheffler
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Germany; Lung Cancer Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alena Heimsoeth
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Germany
| | - Lucia Nogova
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Germany; Lung Cancer Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Michels
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Germany; Lung Cancer Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan-Phillip Weber
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Germany; Lung Cancer Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rieke N Fischer
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Germany; Lung Cancer Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Eisert
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Germany; Lung Cancer Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Theresa Westphal
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Germany; Lung Cancer Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Diana Schaufler
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Germany; Lung Cancer Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janna Siemanowski
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany
| | - Michaela A Ihle
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany
| | - Svenja Wagener-Ryczek
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany
| | | | - Roberto Pappesch
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany
| | - Jan Rehker
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany
| | - Jessica Jürgens
- Lung Clinic Merheim, Hospital of the City of Cologne, University of Witten-Herdecke, Germany
| | - Erich Stoelben
- Lung Clinic Merheim, Hospital of the City of Cologne, University of Witten-Herdecke, Germany
| | - Anne Bunck
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Radiology, Germany
| | - Carsten Kobe
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Germany
| | - Sabine Merkelbach-Bruse
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany
| | - Martin L Sos
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Translational Genomics, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wolf
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology, Department I of Internal Medicine, Germany; Lung Cancer Group, Cologne, Germany.
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7
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Yao Y, Yang H, Zhu B, Wang S, Pang J, Wu X, Xu Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Ou Q, Tian H, Zhao Z. Mutations in the MET tyrosine kinase domain and resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer. Respir Res 2023; 24:28. [PMID: 36698189 PMCID: PMC9875465 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (MET) gene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase with pleiotropic functions in cancer. MET exon 14 skipping alterations and high-level MET amplification are oncogenic and targetable genetic changes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has been a major challenge for targeted therapies that impairs their clinical efficacies. METHODS Eighty-six NSCLC patients were categorized into three cohorts based on the time of detecting MET tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations (cohort 1: at baseline; cohort 2: after MET-TKI treatment; cohort 3: after EGFR-TKI treatment). Baseline and paired TKI treatment samples were analyzed by targeted next-generation sequencing. RESULTS MET TKD mutations were highly prevalent in METex14-positive NSCLC patients after MET-TKI treatment, including L1195V, D1228N/H/Y/E, Y1230C/H/N/S, and a double-mutant within codons D1228 and M1229. Missense mutations in MET TKD were also identified at baseline and in post-EGFR-TKI treatment samples, which showed different distribution patterns than those in post-MET-TKI treatment samples. Remarkably, H1094Y and L1195F, absent from MET-TKI-treated patients, were the predominant type of MET TKD mutations in patients after EGFR-TKI treatment. D1228H, which was not found in treatment-naïve patients, also accounted for 14.3% of all MET TKD mutations in EGFR-TKI-treated samples. Two patients with baseline EGFR-sensitizing mutations who acquired MET-V1092I or MET-H1094Y after first-line EGFR-TKI treatment experienced an overall improvement in their clinical symptoms, followed by targeted therapy with MET-TKIs. CONCLUSIONS MET TKD mutations were identified in both baseline and patients treated with TKIs. MET-H1094Y might play an oncogenic role in NSCLC and may confer acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Preliminary data indicates that EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients who acquired MET-V1092I or MET-H1094Y may benefit from combinatorial therapy with EGFR-TKI and MET-TKI, providing insights into personalized medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yao
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Huaping Yang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Bo Zhu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Song Wang
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, 210000 Jiangsu China
| | - Jiaohui Pang
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, 210000 Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, 210000 Jiangsu China
| | - Yang Xu
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, 210000 Jiangsu China
| | - Junli Zhang
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, 210000 Jiangsu China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, 210000 Jiangsu China
| | - Qiuxiang Ou
- Geneseeq Research Institute, Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, 210000 Jiangsu China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315046 China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Shaanxi Cancer Hospital, 309 Yanta West Road, Xi’an, 710000 Shaanxi China
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8
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Li X, Li M, Huang M, Lin Q, Fang Q, Liu J, Chen X, Liu L, Zhan X, Shan H, Lu D, Li Q, Li Z, Zhu X. The multi-molecular mechanisms of tumor-targeted drug resistance in precision medicine. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113064. [PMID: 35658234 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically, cancer drug therapy is still dominated by chemotherapy drugs. Although the emergence of targeted drugs has greatly improved the survival rate of patients with advanced cancer, drug resistance has always been a difficult problem in clinical cancer treatment. At the current level of medicine, most drugs cannot escape the fate of drug resistance. With the emergence and development of gene detection, liquid biopsy ctDNA technology, and single-cell sequencing technology, the molecular mechanism of tumor drug resistance has gradually emerged. Drugs can also be updated in response to drug resistance mechanisms and bring higher survival benefits. The use of new drugs often leads to new mechanisms of resistance. In this review, the multi-molecular mechanisms of drug resistance are introduced, and the overcoming of drug resistance is discussed from the perspective of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mingdong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Meiying Huang
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qianyi Lin
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qiuping Fang
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jianjiang Liu
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xuliang Zhan
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huisi Shan
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Deshuai Lu
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qinlan Li
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zesong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xiao Zhu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
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9
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Hamilton G, Rath B. Met inhibitors in the treatment of lung cancer: the evidence to date. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2022; 23:815-825. [PMID: 35377279 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2062227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION : The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor MET is an oncogenic driver in a subpopulation of Non-small Lung Cancer Cells (NSCLC) at the primary tumor stage or in acquired resistance to treatment with tumor-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). AREAS COVERED This article summarizes the mechanisms leading to overexpression and activation of MET by amplification and mutations including exon 14 aberrations. Furthermore, the methods to detect and categorize MET as a tumor driver and the selective TKIs for patient treatment are discussed. EXPERT OPINION : Activating mutations and rearrangements of kinases in NSCLC are the target of successful therapeutic intervention. However, MET activation involves a number of complex alterations including gene amplification, prevention of degradation by METex14 exon skipping and a host of gene mutations. A high-level of MET expression is the precondition for tumor responses to TKIs and the confirmation of MET-dependent tumor progression is difficult in primary lesions and in tumors exhibiting resistance to mutated EGFR-directed therapy in absence of standardized and concordant assays of MET amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Hamilton
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Rath
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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10
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Garcia-Robledo JE, Rosell R, Ruíz-Patiño A, Sotelo C, Arrieta O, Zatarain-Barrón L, Ordoñez C, Jaller E, Rojas L, Russo A, de Miguel-Pérez D, Rolfo C, Cardona AF. KRAS and MET in non-small-cell lung cancer: two of the new kids on the 'drivers' block. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2022; 16:17534666211066064. [PMID: 35098800 PMCID: PMC8808025 DOI: 10.1177/17534666211066064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease, and therapeutic management has advanced to identify various critical oncogenic mutations that promote lung cancer tumorigenesis. Subsequent studies have developed targeted therapies against these oncogenes in the hope of personalized treatment based on the tumor's molecular genomics. This review presents a comprehensive review of the biology, new therapeutic interventions, and resistance patterns of two well-defined subgroups, tumors with KRAS and MET alterations. We also discuss the status of molecular testing practices for these two key oncogenic drivers, considering the progressive introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and RNA sequencing in regular clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP)/Dr. Rosell Oncology Institute (IOR), Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Ruíz-Patiño
- Direction of Research and Education, Luis Carlos Sarmiento Angulo Cancer Treatment and Research Center (CTIC), Bogotá, Colombia
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research (FICMAC), Bogotá, Colombia Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research (FICMAC), Bogotá, Colombia Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Sotelo
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research (FICMAC), Bogotá, Colombia Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Oscar Arrieta
- Thoracic Oncology Unit and Personalized Oncology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute (INCan), México City, México
| | - Lucia Zatarain-Barrón
- Thoracic Oncology Unit and Personalized Oncology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute (INCan), México City, México
| | - Camila Ordoñez
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research (FICMAC), Bogotá, Colombia Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Elvira Jaller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Rojas
- Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research (FICMAC), Bogotá, Colombia Department of Clinical Oncology, Clínica Colsanitas, Bogotá, Colombia Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, Clínica del Country, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alessandro Russo
- Medical Oncology Unit, A.O. Papardo, Messina, Italy Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diego de Miguel-Pérez
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christian Rolfo
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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11
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Cai B, Li X, Huang X, Ma T, Qu B, Yu W, Yang W, Zhang P, Chen J, Liu F. Case Report: Sequential Combination Targeted Therapy With Type I and II MET Inhibitors in a Metastatic EGFR-Mutated, MET-Amplified NSCLC Patient With Acquired MET Y1230H Mutation. Front Oncol 2021; 11:738832. [PMID: 34926253 PMCID: PMC8674488 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.738832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the standard of care for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, most patients will eventually develop resistance. For EGFR-TKI resistance mediated by MET amplification, the combination of EGFR and MET TKIs has shown promising results in early clinical trials. However, acquired resistance to MET inhibitors forms a formidable challenge to this dual blockade approach. Here, we presented an NSCLC patient with EGFR exon 19 deletion (ex19del) who was resistant to first-line erlotinib treatment but responded to chemotherapy. Given the finding of MET overexpression/amplification after disease progression, the patient received gefitinib plus crizotinib with a partial response. Her disease progressed again, and molecular testing revealed a novel MET Y1230H mutation and a PD-L1 TPS score of 75%. She received a salvage regime consisting of gefitinib, cabozantinib, and pembrolizumab with a partial response. Since we now know that EGFR ex19del NSCLC patients generally do not respond to PD-1 blockade therapy, this response is more likely the contribution from gefitinib plus cabozantinib. Therefore, sequential use of type I and II MET inhibitors in EGFR/MET dual blockade may be an effective therapeutic option for EGFR-mutant, MET-amplified NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boning Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomo Li
- Department of Translational Medicine, Genetron Health (Beijing) Technology, Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tonghui Ma
- Department of Translational Medicine, Genetron Health (Beijing) Technology, Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Baolin Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
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12
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Guo MZ, Marrone KA, Spira A, Waterhouse DM, Scott SC. Targeted Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Focus on Capmatinib with Companion Diagnostics. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:5321-5331. [PMID: 34853516 PMCID: PMC8627896 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s273357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MET dysregulation promoting tumorigenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with worse outcomes following chemotherapy as compared to non-driver mutated NSCLC and occurs either through mutations causing MET exon 14 skipping (METex14) or gene amplification and overexpression that result in enhanced receptor signaling. Capmatinib is the first FDA-approved targeted therapy for NSCLC with METex14 skipping mutations, approved in 2020. FoundationOne® CDx, a comprehensive genomic profiling test for solid tumors, was concurrently approved as a companion diagnostic for capmatinib use. The GEOMETRY mono-1 phase II trial of capmatinib monotherapy demonstrated an overall response rate (ORR) of 68% in treatment naïve (n=28) and 41% in pre-treated (n=69) METex14 skipping advanced NSCLC; in MET amplified advanced NSCLC (gene copy number ≥ 10) ORRs of 40% in treatment naïve and 29% in pre-treated disease was seen. This review outlines the clinical data supporting capmatinib approval in the treatment of NSCLC and FoundationOne® CDx approval as a companion diagnostic. We detail the practical clinical administration of capmatinib, including dosing and toxicity management, compare capmatinib to other approved and investigational MET-targeted therapies, discuss limitations of capmatinib, and highlight ongoing trials of capmatinib in combinatorial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Z Guo
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristen A Marrone
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Spira
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Virginia Cancer Specialists Research Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA.,US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - David M Waterhouse
- US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX, USA.,Oncology Hematology Care, Cincinnati, OH, Usa
| | - Susan C Scott
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Bahcall M, Paweletz CP, Kuang Y, Taus LJ, Sim T, Kim ND, Dholakia KH, Lau CJ, Gokhale PC, Chopade PR, Hong F, Wei Z, Köhler J, Kirschmeier PT, Guo J, Guo S, Wang S, Janne PA. Combination of type I and type II MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors as therapeutic approach to prevent resistance. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 21:322-335. [PMID: 34789563 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
MET targeted therapies are clinically effective in MET amplified and MET exon 14 deletion mutant (METex14) non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) but their efficacy is limited by the development of drug resistance. Structurally distinct MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (type I/II) have been developed or are under clinical evaluation, which may overcome MET mediated drug resistance mechanisms. In this study, we assess secondary MET mutations likely to emerge in response to treatment with single-agent or combinations of type I/type II MET TKIs using TPR-MET transformed Ba/F3 cell mutagenesis assays. We found that these inhibitors gave rise to distinct secondary MET mutant profiles. However, a combination of type I/II TKI inhibitors (capmatinib and merestinib) yielded no resistant clones in vitro. The combination of capmatinib/merestinib was evaluated in vivo and led to a significant reduction in tumor outgrowth compared to either MET inhibitor alone. Our findings demonstrate in vitro and in vivo that a simultaneous treatment with a type I and type II MET TKI may be a clinically viable approach to delay and/or diminish the emergence of on target MET mediated drug resistance mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Bahcall
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | - Cloud P Paweletz
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School
| | - Yanan Kuang
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | - Luke J Taus
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | - Taebo Sim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation
| | | | - Christie J Lau
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | - Pratik R Chopade
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | - Zihan Wei
- Biostatistics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | - Jens Köhler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | | | - Sujuan Guo
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech
| | - Stephen Wang
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School
| | - Pasi A Janne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
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14
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Drusbosky LM, Dawar R, Rodriguez E, Ikpeazu CV. Therapeutic strategies in METex14 skipping mutated non-small cell lung cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:129. [PMID: 34425853 PMCID: PMC8381548 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
METex14 skipping mutations occur in about 3–4% of lung adenocarcinoma patients and 1–2% of patients with other lung cancer histology. The MET receptor tyrosine kinase and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are established oncogenic drivers of NSCLC. A mutation that results in loss of exon 14 in the MET gene leads to dysregulation and inappropriate signaling that is associated with increased responsiveness to MET TKIs. Results from GEOMETRY mono-1 and VISION Phase I/II clinical trials demonstrated significant clinical activity in patients treated with the MET Exon 14 skipping mutation inhibitors capmatinib and tepotinib with tolerable toxicity profile. In the GEOMETRY mono-1 trial, capmatinib was especially active in treatment-naïve patients supporting the upfront testing of this oncogenic driver. Tepotinib demonstrated superior activity in the pretreated patients in the VISION trial. Savolitinib is another MET TKI that has shown efficacy in the first- and second-line settings, including patients with aggressive pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma. These studies have demonstrated that these TKIs can cross the blood brain barrier and demonstrated some activity toward CNS metastases. MET Exon 14 skipping mutation is detected by NGS-based testing of liquid or tissue biopsies, with preference for RNA-based NGS. The activity of capmatinib and tepotinib is limited by the development of acquired resistance. Current research is focused on strategies to overcome resistance and improve the effectiveness of these agents. Our aim is to review the current status of MET Exon 14 skipping mutation as it pertains NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richa Dawar
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Estelamari Rodriguez
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Chukwuemeka V Ikpeazu
- University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, 8100 SW 10th Street, Ste 3310F, Plantation, FL, 33324, USA. .,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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15
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Tsai JM, Hata AN, Lennerz JK. MET D1228N and D1246N are the Same Resistance Mutation in MET Exon 14 Skipping. Oncologist 2021; 26:e2297-e2301. [PMID: 34347347 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive genetic profiling using next-generation sequencing technologies has become an integral part of precision oncology. Variant annotation requires translating the DNA findings into protein level predictions. In this article we highlight inconsistencies in variant annotation for the MET D1228N exon 19 resistance mutations. MET D1228N and D1246N represent the same resistance mutation in MET exon 14 skipping alterations annotated on different transcripts. Additional examples of relevant variants annotated on different transcripts emphasize the importance of avoiding erroneous interpretation when realizing precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aaron N Hata
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jochen K Lennerz
- Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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16
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Tan AC, Loh TJ, Kwang XL, Tan GS, Lim KH, Tan DSW. Novel Therapies for Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with MET Exon 14 Alterations: A Spotlight on Capmatinib. LUNG CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2021; 12:11-20. [PMID: 33776501 PMCID: PMC7987308 DOI: 10.2147/lctt.s263610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MET exon 14 (METex14) alterations are now an established therapeutically tractable target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recently reported trials of several MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in this patient population have demonstrated promising efficacy data in both the treatment naïve and pre-treated settings and have led to regulatory approvals. This review will focus on practical diagnostic considerations for METex14 alterations, the trial evidence for capmatinib in this molecular subset including dosing and toxicity management, and the future therapeutic landscape of METex14 altered NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Tracy J Loh
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Singapore
| | - Xue Lin Kwang
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | - Gek San Tan
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Singapore
| | - Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Singapore
| | - Daniel S W Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
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17
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Chen Z, Zhu F, Li C, Li J, Cheng B, Xiong S, Zhong R, Liang W, He J. Non-small cell lung cancer with MET exon 14 skipping alteration responding to immunotherapy: a case report. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:424. [PMID: 33842645 PMCID: PMC8033371 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been proved to be a promising candidate for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite MET mutations are regarded as an independent factor of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) high expression, the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) across NSCLC harboring Mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor exon 14 skipping alteration (METex14) is still uncleared. Moreover, when the resistance of PD-1 antibody occurs, the questions of how to interpret the resistance and how to overcome the resistance are worth exploring. We report a case of NSCLC with METex14 developed a right femoral metastasis after responding well to neoadjuvant immunotherapy, a successful lobectomy, and adjuvant immunotherapy. The subsequent attempts of MET targeted inhibitor, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and notably programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody plus vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGFR-TKI) failed to prevent disease progression. However, a regimen of anti-PD-1 plus anti-cytotoxic t-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) reversed the progression to a complete response. This case shows that METex14 had a significant response to immunotherapy, which would be especially beneficial for those who developed targeted therapy resistance. Importantly, this is the first case reporting that salvage CTLA-4 antibody and PD-1 antibody could reverse the progression in NSCLC harboring METex14 when the anti-PD-1 resistance occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxing Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caichen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfu Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ran Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Mahmoud MAA, Alsharif MA, Mohareb RM. Synthesis and Anti-Proliferative Evaluations of New Heterocyclic Derivatives Using 5,6,8,9-Tetrahydropyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazolin-7(3H)-one Derivatives Derived from Cyclohexa-1,4-dione. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:468-486. [PMID: 32445457 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200523162549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recentlty, pyrazoloquinazoline derivatives acquired a special attention due to their wide range of pharmacological activities, especially therapeutic. Through the market, it was found that many pharmacological drugs containing the quinazoline nucleus were known. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work is to synthesize target molecules possessing not only anti-tumor activities but also kinase inhibitors. The target molecules were obtained through the synthesis of a series of 5,6,8,9- tetrahydropyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazolin-7(3H)-one derivatives 4a-i using the multi-component reactions of cyclohexane- 1,4-dione (1), the 5-amino-4-(2-arylhydrazono)-4H-pyrazol-3-ol derivatives 2a-c, the aromatic aldehydes 3a-c, respectively. The synthesized compounds were evaluated against c-Met kinase, PC-3 cell line, and different kinds of cancer cell lines together with normal cell line, tyrosine kinases, and Pim-1 kinase. METHODS Multi-component reactions were adopted using compound 1 to get different 5,6,8,9- tetrahydropyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazolin-7(3H)-one derivatives which underwent further heterocyclization reactions. The c-Met kinase activity of all compounds was evaluated using Homogeneous Time-Resolved Fluorescence (HTRF) assay, taking foretinib as the positive control. The anti-proliferative activity of all target compounds against the human prostatic cancer PC-3 cell line was measured using MTT assay using SGI-1776 as the reference drug. All the synthesized compounds were assessed for inhibitory activities against A549 (non-small cell lung cancer), H460 (human lung cancer), HT-29 (human colon cancer), and MKN-45 (human gastric cancer) cancer cell lines together with foretinib as the positive control by an MTT assay. RESULTS Antiproliferative evaluations and c-Met kinase, Pim-1 kinase inhibitions were performed for the synthesized compounds, where the varieties of substituents through the aryl ring and the thiophene moiety afforded compounds with high activities. CONCLUSION The compounds with high antiproliferative activity were tested towards c-Met and the results showed that compounds 4e, 4f, 4g, 4i, 6i, 6k, 6l, 8f, 8i, 10d, 10e, 10f, 10h, 12e, 12f, 12g, 12h, 12i, 14f, 14g, 14h, and 14i were the most potent compounds. A further selection of compounds for the Pim-1 kinase inhibition activity showed that compounds 4f, 6i, 6l, 8h, 8i, 8g, 10d, 12i, and 14f were the most active compounds to inhibit Pim-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A A Mahmoud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, P.O. Box 741, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari A Alsharif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, P.O. Box 741, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafat M Mohareb
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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19
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Friedlaender A, Drilon A, Banna GL, Peters S, Addeo A. The METeoric rise of MET in lung cancer. Cancer 2020; 126:4826-4837. [PMID: 32888330 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, there has been a continuous increase in clinically relevant driver mutations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Among these, dysregulated activation of the MET tyrosine kinase receptor has gained importance due to the recent development of quite effective treatments. MET dysregulation encompasses a heterogeneous array of alterations leading to the prolonged activation of the cellular MET (c-MET or MET) receptor and downstream proliferation pathways. It can arise through several mechanisms, including gene amplification, overexpression of the receptor and/or its ligand hepatocyte growth factor, and the acquisition of activating mutations. MET mutations are found in approximately 3% to 5% of patients with NSCLC, mainly adenocarcinoma, and are overrepresented in the sarcomatoid subtype. De novo MET amplifications are found in 1% to 5% of NSCLC cases, also predominantly in adenocarcinoma. In the current review, the authors discussed the biology of MET, how to diagnose clinically relevant alterations, and the rising clinical importance of these alterations in light of the emergence of multiple targeted therapies, both within the context of MET as a driver of resistance and in its own right.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Friedlaender
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Drilon
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | - Solange Peters
- Oncology Department, Vaudois University Medical Center, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alfredo Addeo
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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20
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Recondo G, Che J, Jänne PA, Awad MM. Targeting MET Dysregulation in Cancer. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:922-934. [PMID: 32532746 PMCID: PMC7781009 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-1446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant MET signaling can drive tumorigenesis in several cancer types through a variety of molecular mechanisms including MET gene amplification, mutation, rearrangement, and overexpression. Improvements in biomarker discovery and testing have more recently enabled the selection of patients with MET-dependent cancers for treatment with potent, specific, and novel MET-targeting therapies. We review the known oncologic processes that activate MET, discuss therapeutic strategies for MET-dependent malignancies, and highlight emerging challenges in acquired drug resistance in these cancers. SIGNIFICANCE: Increasing evidence supports the use of MET-targeting therapies in biomarker-selected cancers that harbor molecular alterations in MET. Diverse mechanisms of resistance to MET inhibitors will require the development of novel strategies to delay and overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Recondo
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jianwei Che
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark M Awad
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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21
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Malik R, Mambetsariev I, Fricke J, Chawla N, Nam A, Pharaon R, Salgia R. MET receptor in oncology: From biomarker to therapeutic target. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 147:259-301. [PMID: 32593403 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
First discovered in the 1984, the MET receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor or HGF (also known as scatter factor or SF) are implicated as key players in tumor cell migration, proliferation, and invasion in a variety of cancers. This pathway also plays a key role during embryogenesis in the development of muscular and nervous structures. High expression of the MET receptor has been shown to correlate with poor prognosis and resistance to therapy. MET exon 14 splicing variants, initially identified by us in lung cancer, is actionable through various tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). For this reason, this pathway is of interest as a therapeutic target. In this chapter we will be discussing the history of MET, the genetics of this RTK, and give some background on the receptor biology. Furthermore, we will discuss directed therapeutics, mechanisms of resistance, and the future of MET as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeva Malik
- George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Isa Mambetsariev
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Jeremy Fricke
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Neal Chawla
- Department of Medicine, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Arin Nam
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Rebecca Pharaon
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
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22
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Guo R, Luo J, Chang J, Rekhtman N, Arcila M, Drilon A. MET-dependent solid tumours - molecular diagnosis and targeted therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2020; 17:569-587. [PMID: 32514147 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-020-0377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Attempts to develop MET-targeted therapies have historically focused on MET-expressing cancers, with limited success. Thus, MET expression in the absence of a genomic marker of MET dependence is a poor predictor of benefit from MET-targeted therapy. However, owing to the development of more sensitive methods of detecting genomic alterations, high-level MET amplification and activating MET mutations or fusions are all now known to be drivers of oncogenesis. MET mutations include those affecting the kinase or extracellular domains and those that result in exon 14 skipping. The activity of MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors varies by MET alteration category. The likelihood of benefit from MET-targeted therapies increases with increasing levels of MET amplification, although no consensus exists on the optimal diagnostic cut-off point for MET copy number gains identified using fluorescence in situ hybridization and, in particular, next-generation sequencing. Several agents targeting exon 14 skipping alterations are currently in clinical development, with promising data available from early-phase trials. By contrast, the therapeutic implications of MET fusions remain underexplored. Here we summarize and evaluate the utility of various diagnostic techniques and the roles of different classes of MET-targeted therapies in cancers with MET amplification, mutation and fusion, and MET overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Guo
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Luo
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason Chang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natasha Rekhtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Arcila
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Drilon
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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23
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Zahra R, Furqan M, Ullah R, Mithani A, Saleem RSZ, Faisal A. A cell-based high-throughput screen identifies inhibitors that overcome P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-mediated multidrug resistance. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233993. [PMID: 32484843 PMCID: PMC7266297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapeutic drugs remains one of the major impediments to the treatment of cancer. Discovery and development of drugs that can prevent and reverse the acquisition of multidrug resistance constitute a foremost challenge in cancer therapeutics. In this work, we screened a library of 1,127 compounds with known targets for their ability to overcome Pgp-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer cell lines. We identified four compounds (CHIR-124, Elesclomol, Tyrphostin-9 and Brefeldin A) that inhibited the growth of two pairs of parental and Pgp-overexpressing multidrug-resistant cell lines with similar potency irrespective of their Pgp status. Mechanistically, CHIR-124 (a potent inhibitor of Chk1 kinase) inhibited Pgp activity in both multidrug-resistant cell lines (KB-V1 and A2780-Pac-Res) as determined through cell-based Pgp-efflux assays. Other three inhibitors on the contrary, were effective in Pgp-overexpressing resistant cells without increasing the cellular accumulation of a Pgp substrate, indicating that they overcome resistance by avoiding efflux through Pgp. None of these compounds modulated the expression of Pgp in resistant cell lines. PIK-75, a PI3 Kinase inhibitor, was also determined to inhibit Pgp activity, despite being equally potent in only one of the two pairs of resistant and parental cell lines. Strong binding of both CHIR-124 and PIK-75 to Pgp was predicted through docking studies and both compounds inhibited Pgp in a biochemical assay. The inhibition of Pgp causes accumulation of these compounds in the cells where they can modulate the function of their target proteins and thereby inhibit cell proliferation. In conclusion, we have identified compounds with various cellular targets that overcome multidrug resistance in Pgp-overexpressing cell lines through mechanisms that include Pgp inhibition and efflux evasion. These compounds, therefore, can avoid challenges associated with the co-administration of Pgp inhibitors with chemotherapeutic or targeted drugs such as additive toxicities and differing pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Zahra
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rahim Ullah
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aziz Mithani
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amir Faisal
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
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24
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Nan X, Li HJ, Fang SB, Li QY, Wu YC. Structure-based discovery of novel 4-(2-fluorophenoxy)quinoline derivatives as c-Met inhibitors using isocyanide-involved multicomponent reactions. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 193:112241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Frigault MM, Markovets A, Nuttall B, Kim KM, Park SH, Gangolli EA, Mortimer PGS, Hollingsworth SJ, Hong JY, Kim K, Kim ST, Barrett JC, Lee J. Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to Savolitinib, a Selective MET Inhibitor in MET-Amplified Gastric Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2020; 4:1900386. [PMID: 32923890 PMCID: PMC7446425 DOI: 10.1200/po.19.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Some gastric cancers harbor MET gene amplifications that can be targeted by selective MET inhibitors to achieve tumor responses, but resistance eventually develops. Savolitinib, a selective MET inhibitor, is beneficial for treating patients with MET-driven gastric cancer. Understanding the resistance mechanisms is important for optimizing postfailure treatment options. PATIENTS AND METHODS Here, we identified the mechanisms of acquired resistance to savolitinib in 3 patients with gastric cancer and MET-amplified tumors who showed a clinical response and then cancer progression. Longitudinal circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is useful for monitoring resistance during treatment and progression when rebiopsy cannot be performed. RESULTS Using a next-generation sequencing 100-gene panel, we identified the target mechanisms of resistance MET D1228V/N/H and Y1230C mutations or high copy number MET gene amplifications that emerge when resistance to savolitinib develops in patients with MET-amplified gastric cancer. CONCLUSION We demonstrated the utility of ctDNA in gastric cancer and confirmed this approach using baseline tumor tissue or rebiopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Hoon Park
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jung Yong Hong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jeeyun Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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26
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Recondo G, Bahcall M, Spurr LF, Che J, Ricciuti B, Leonardi GC, Lo YC, Li YY, Lamberti G, Nguyen T, Milan MSD, Venkatraman D, Umeton R, Paweletz CP, Albayrak A, Cherniack AD, Price KS, Fairclough SR, Nishino M, Sholl LM, Oxnard GR, Jänne PA, Awad MM. Molecular Mechanisms of Acquired Resistance to MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Patients with MET Exon 14-Mutant NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:2615-2625. [PMID: 32034073 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-3608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Molecular mechanisms of acquired resistance to MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are poorly understood. We aimed to characterize the genomic mechanisms of resistance to type I and type II MET TKIs and their impact on sequential MET TKI therapy outcomes in patients with metastatic MET exon 14-mutant NSCLC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Genomic alterations occurring at the time of progression on MET TKIs were studied using plasma and tissue next-generation sequencing (NGS). RESULTS A total of 20 patients had tissue or plasma available for analysis at the time of acquired resistance to a MET TKI. Genomic alterations known or suspected to be mechanisms of resistance were detected in 15 patients (75%). On-target acquired mechanisms of resistance, including single and polyclonal MET kinase domain mutations in codons H1094, G1163, L1195, D1228, Y1230, and high levels of amplification of the MET exon 14-mutant allele, were observed in 7 patients (35%). A number of off-target mechanisms of resistance were detected in 9 patients (45%), including KRAS mutations and amplifications in KRAS, EGFR, HER3, and BRAF; one case displayed both on- and off-target mechanisms of resistance. In 2 patients with on-target resistant mutations, switching between type I and type II MET TKIs resulted in second partial responses. CONCLUSIONS On-target secondary mutations and activation of bypass signaling drive resistance to MET TKIs. A deeper understanding of these molecular mechanisms can support the development of sequential or combinatorial therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Recondo
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Magda Bahcall
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Liam F Spurr
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jianwei Che
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Biagio Ricciuti
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giulia C Leonardi
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ying-Chun Lo
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yvonne Y Li
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Giuseppe Lamberti
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tom Nguyen
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marina S D Milan
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deepti Venkatraman
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Renato Umeton
- Department of Informatics and Analytics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Cloud P Paweletz
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adem Albayrak
- Department of Informatics and Analytics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Mizuki Nishino
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lynette M Sholl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Geoffrey R Oxnard
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark M Awad
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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27
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Defining the landscape of ATP-competitive inhibitor resistance residues in protein kinases. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2020; 27:92-104. [PMID: 31925410 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-019-0358-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kinases are involved in disease development and modulation of their activity can be therapeutically beneficial. Drug-resistant mutant kinases are valuable tools in drug discovery efforts, but the prediction of mutants across the kinome is challenging. Here, we generate deep mutational scanning data to identify mutant mammalian kinases that drive resistance to clinically relevant inhibitors. We aggregate these data with subsaturation mutagenesis data and use it to develop, test and validate a framework to prospectively identify residues that mediate kinase activity and drug resistance across the kinome. We validate predicted resistance mutations in CDK4, CDK6, ERK2, EGFR and HER2. Capitalizing on a highly predictable residue, we generate resistance mutations in TBK1, CSNK2A1 and BRAF. Unexpectedly, we uncover a potentially generalizable activation site that mediates drug resistance and confirm its impact in BRAF, EGFR, HER2 and MEK1. We anticipate that the identification of these residues will enable the broad interrogation of the kinome and its inhibitors.
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28
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Abstract
Introduction: The HGF/MET axis is a key therapeutic pathway in cancer; it is aberrantly activated because of mutations, fusions, amplification or aberrant ligand production. Extensive efforts have been made to discover predictive factors of anti-MET therapeutic efficacy, but they have mostly unsuccessful. An understanding of the intrinsic and acquired mechanism of MET resistance will be fundamental for the development of new therapeutic interventions.Areas covered: This article provides a systematic review of phase II randomized and phase III clinical trials investigating the use of MET inhibitors in the treatment of cancer. We discuss preliminary findings on efficacy and methodologic design flaws in these trials.Expert opinion: MET inhibitors showed poor activity in unselected patients or patients selected by MET expression, p-MET or high HGF basal levels. The efficacy in advanced solid tumors is very modest and in phase III clinical trials, survival differences did not fulfill the stringent requirements of ESMO-Magnitude Clinical Benefit Score (MCBS). Prospective novel liquid biomarker-driven studies and novel trial designs such as Umbrella and Basket trials are necessary to progress MET inhibitor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Oliveres
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estela Pineda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Maurel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Rotow JK, Gui P, Wu W, Raymond VM, Lanman RB, Kaye FJ, Peled N, Fece de la Cruz F, Nadres B, Corcoran RB, Yeh I, Bastian BC, Starostik P, Newsom K, Olivas VR, Wolff AM, Fraser JS, Collisson EA, McCoach CE, Camidge DR, Pacheco J, Bazhenova L, Li T, Bivona TG, Blakely CM. Co-occurring Alterations in the RAS-MAPK Pathway Limit Response to MET Inhibitor Treatment in MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutation-Positive Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 26:439-449. [PMID: 31548343 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) harboring MET exon 14 skipping mutations (METex14) often benefit from MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, clinical benefit is limited by primary and acquired drug resistance. The molecular basis for this resistance remains incompletely understood. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Targeted sequencing analysis was performed on cell-free circulating tumor DNA obtained from 289 patients with advanced-stage METex14-mutated NSCLC. RESULTS Prominent co-occurring RAS-MAPK pathway gene alterations (e.g., in KRAS, NF1) were detected in NSCLCs with METex14 skipping alterations as compared with EGFR-mutated NSCLCs. There was an association between decreased MET TKI treatment response and RAS-MAPK pathway co-occurring alterations. In a preclinical model expressing a canonical METex14 mutation, KRAS overexpression or NF1 downregulation hyperactivated MAPK signaling to promote MET TKI resistance. This resistance was overcome by cotreatment with crizotinib and the MEK inhibitor trametinib. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a genomic landscape of co-occurring alterations in advanced-stage METex14-mutated NSCLC and suggests a potential combination therapy strategy targeting MAPK pathway signaling to enhance clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Rotow
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Philippe Gui
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | - Frederic J Kaye
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Nir Peled
- Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ferran Fece de la Cruz
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brandon Nadres
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan B Corcoran
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Iwei Yeh
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, and Clinical Cancer Genomics Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Boris C Bastian
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, and Clinical Cancer Genomics Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Petr Starostik
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kimberly Newsom
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Victor R Olivas
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Alexander M Wolff
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - James S Fraser
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Eric A Collisson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Caroline E McCoach
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | - Tianhong Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Trever G Bivona
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California. .,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Collin M Blakely
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California. .,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
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30
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Collie GW, Koh CM, O’Neill DJ, Stubbs CJ, Khurana P, Eddershaw A, Snijder A, Mauritzson F, Barlind L, Dale IL, Shaw J, Phillips C, Hennessy EJ, Cheung T, Narvaez AJ. Structural and Molecular Insight into Resistance Mechanisms of First Generation cMET Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1322-1327. [PMID: 31531204 PMCID: PMC6746082 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
Many
small molecule inhibitors of the cMET receptor tyrosine kinase
have been evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer
and resistance-conferring mutations of cMET are beginning to be reported
for a number of such compounds. There is now a need to understand
specific cMET mutations at the molecular level, particularly concerning
small molecule recognition. Toward this end, we report here the first
crystal structures of the recent clinically observed resistance-conferring
D1228V cMET mutant in complex with small molecule inhibitors, along
with a crystal structure of wild-type cMET bound by the clinical compound
savolitinib and supporting cellular, biochemical, and biophysical
data. Our findings indicate that the D1228V alteration induces conformational
changes in the kinase, which could have implications for small molecule
inhibitor design. The data we report here increases our molecular
understanding of the D1228V cMET mutation and provides insight for
future inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cheryl M. Koh
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Arjan Snijder
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Louise Barlind
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ian L. Dale
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Joseph Shaw
- Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, U.K
| | | | | | - Tony Cheung
- Oncology, R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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Lv PC, Yang YS, Wang ZC. Recent Progress in the Development of Small Molecule c-Met Inhibitors. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:1276-1288. [PMID: 31526339 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190712205353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
C-Met, also referred to as Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor (HGFR), is a heterodimeric
receptor tyrosine kinase. It has been determined that c-Met gene mutations, overexpression, and amplification
also occur in a variety of human tumor types, and these events are closely related to the aberrant
activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. Meanwhile, high c-Met expression is closely associated
with poor prognosis in cancer patients. The c-Met kinase has emerged as an attractive target for developing
antitumor agents. In this review, we cover the recent advances on the small molecule c-Met inhibitors
discovered from 2018 until now, with a main focus on the rational design, synthesis and structureactivity
relationship analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Lv
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, IN 47907, United States
| | - Yu-Shun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, IN 47907, United States
| | - Zhong-Chang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, IN 47907, United States
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Fujino T, Kobayashi Y, Suda K, Koga T, Nishino M, Ohara S, Chiba M, Shimoji M, Tomizawa K, Takemoto T, Mitsudomi T. Sensitivity and Resistance of MET Exon 14 Mutations in Lung Cancer to Eight MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors In Vitro. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:1753-1765. [PMID: 31279006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MNNG HOS transforming gene (MET) exon 14 mutations in lung cancer, including exon 14 skipping and point mutations, have been attracting the attention of thoracic oncologists as new therapeutic targets. Tumors with these mutations almost always acquire resistance, which also occurs in other oncogene-addicted lung cancers. However, the resistance mechanisms and treatment strategies are not fully understood. METHODS We generated Ba/F3 cells expressing MET exon 14 mutations by retroviral gene transfer. The sensitivities of these cells to eight MET-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were determined using a colorimetric assay. In addition, using N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis, we generated resistant clones, searched for secondary MET mutations, and then examined the sensitivities of these resistant cells to different TKIs. RESULTS Ba/F3 cells transfected with MET mutations grew in the absence of interleukin-3, indicating their oncogenic activity. These cells were sensitive to all MET-TKIs except tivantinib. We identified a variety of secondary mutations. D1228 and Y1230 were common sites for resistance mutations for type I TKIs, which bind the active form of MET, whereas L1195 and F1200 were common sites for type II TKIs, which bind the inactive form. In general, resistance mutations against type I were sensitive to type II, and vice versa. CONCLUSIONS MET-TKIs inhibited the growth of cells with MET exon 14 mutations. We also identified mutation sites specific for TKI types as resistance mechanisms and complementary activities between type I and type II inhibitors against those mutations. These finding should provide relevant clinical implication for treating patients with lung cancer harboring MET exon 14 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Fujino
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kobayashi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Suda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Takamasa Koga
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Masaya Nishino
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Shuta Ohara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Masato Chiba
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Masaki Shimoji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kenji Tomizawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takemoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mitsudomi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
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Design, synthesis and evaluation of sulfonylurea-containing 4-phenoxyquinolines as highly selective c-Met kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2801-2812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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In Vitro Metabolism by Aldehyde Oxidase Leads to Poor Pharmacokinetic Profile in Rats for c-Met Inhibitor MET401. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2019; 44:669-680. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-019-00557-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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35
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Baltschukat S, Engstler BS, Huang A, Hao HX, Tam A, Wang HQ, Liang J, DiMare MT, Bhang HEC, Wang Y, Furet P, Sellers WR, Hofmann F, Schoepfer J, Tiedt R. Capmatinib (INC280) Is Active Against Models of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer and Other Cancer Types with Defined Mechanisms of MET Activation. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:3164-3175. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Electrostatic explanation of D1228V/H/N-induced c-Met resistance and sensitivity to type I and type II kinase inhibitors in targeted gastric cancer therapy. J Mol Model 2019; 25:13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3893-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Mohareb RM, Samir EM, Halim PA. Synthesis, and anti-proliferative, Pim-1 kinase inhibitors and molecular docking of thiophenes derived from estrone. Bioorg Chem 2018; 83:402-413. [PMID: 30415021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heterocyclization of steroids were reported to give biologically active products where ring D modification occured. Estrone (1) was used as a template to develop new heterocyclic compounds. Ring D modification of 1 through its reaction with cyanoacetylhydrazine and elemental sulfur gave the thiophene derivative 3. The latter compound reacted with acetophenone derivatives 4a-c to give the hydrazide-hydrazone derivatives 5a-c, respectively. In addition, compound 3 formed thiazole derivatives through its first reaction with phenylisothiocyanate to give the thiourea derivative 9 followed by the reaction of the later with α-halocarbonyl compounds. In the present work a series of novel estrone derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro biological activities against c-Met kinase, and six typical cancer cell lines (A549, H460, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG and SMMC-7721). The most promising compounds 5b, 5c, 11a, 13c, 15b, 15c, 15d, 17a and 17b were further investigated against the five tyrosine kinases c-Kit, Flt-3, VEGFR-2, EGFR, and PDGFR. Compounds 5b, 15d, 17a and 17b were selected to examine their Pim-1 kinase inhibition activity where compounds 15d and 17b showed high activities. Molecular docking of some of the most potent compounds was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafat M Mohareb
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Eman M Samir
- National Organization for Drug Control & Research, P.O. 29, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Peter A Halim
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Mohareb RM, Klapötke TM, Reinhardt E. Uses of dimedone for the synthesis of thiazole derivatives as new anti-tumor, c-Met, tyrosine kinase, and Pim-1 inhibitions. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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39
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Yin L, Lu Y. [MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutations in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2018; 21:553-559. [PMID: 30037377 PMCID: PMC6058657 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2018.07.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
近年来,靶向治疗在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者的治疗中取得了巨大成功。间质-上皮细胞转化因子(mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor, MET)被认为是继表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)、间变性淋巴瘤激酶(anaplastic lymphoma kinase, ALK)之后又一重要的NSCLC分子治疗靶点。MET 14外显子跳跃突变患者在一些临床试验及个案报道中显示出对MET抑制剂良好的疗效,提示MET 14外显子跳跃突变或可成为靶向治疗的良好指标,但这仍需大样本量的临床研究来证实。本文就MET 14外显子跳跃突变的分子机制、人群特征、治疗策略及耐药机制作一综述。
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Yin
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - You Lu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Manley PW, Caravatti G, Furet P, Roesel J, Tran P, Wagner T, Wartmann M. Comparison of the Kinase Profile of Midostaurin (Rydapt) with That of Its Predominant Metabolites and the Potential Relevance of Some Newly Identified Targets to Leukemia Therapy. Biochemistry 2018; 57:5576-5590. [PMID: 30148617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The multitargeted protein kinase inhibitor midostaurin is approved for the treatment of both newly diagnosed FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and KIT-driven advanced systemic mastocytosis. AML is a heterogeneous malignancy, and investigational drugs targeting FLT3 have shown disparate effects in patients with FLT3-mutated AML, probably as a result of their inhibiting different targets and pathways at the administered doses. However, the efficacy and side effects of drugs do not just reflect the biochemical and pharmacodynamic properties of the parent compound but are often comprised of complex cooperative effects between the properties of the parent and active metabolites. Following chronic dosing, two midostaurin metabolites attain steady-state plasma trough levels greater than that of the parent drug. In this study, we characterized these metabolites and determined their profiles as kinase inhibitors using radiometric transphosphorylation assays. Like midostaurin, the metabolites potently inhibit mutant forms of FLT3 and KIT and several additional kinases that either are directly involved in the deregulated signaling pathways or have been implicated as playing a role in AML via stromal support, such as IGF1R, LYN, PDPK1, RET, SYK, TRKA, and VEGFR2. Consequently, a complex interplay between the kinase activities of midostaurin and its metabolites is likely to contribute to the efficacy of midostaurin in AML and helps to engender the distinctive effects of the drug compared to those of other FLT3 inhibitors in this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W Manley
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research , Novartis International AG , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Caravatti
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research , Novartis International AG , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Pascal Furet
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research , Novartis International AG , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Johannes Roesel
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research , Novartis International AG , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Phi Tran
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics , Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research , East Hanover , New Jersey 07936 , United States
| | - Trixie Wagner
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research , Novartis International AG , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Markus Wartmann
- Oncology Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research , Novartis International AG , CH-4002 Basel , Switzerland
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Baldacci S, Kherrouche Z, Descarpentries C, Wislez M, Dansin E, Furlan A, Tulasne D, Cortot AB. [MET exon 14 splicing sites mutations: A new therapeutic opportunity in lung cancer]. Rev Mal Respir 2018; 35:796-812. [PMID: 30174236 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The mutations leading to MET exon 14 skipping represent a new class of molecular alterations described in various cancers. These alterations are observed in 2 to 3 % of cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Several cases of NSCLC carrying such alterations and achieving objective response to MET tyrosine kinase inhibitorshave recently been published. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms responsible for MET exon 14 skipping as well as the consequences of the loss of this exon on receptor activity. We also describe the clinical characteristics of patients with METΔ14 mutations. Finally, we address the issues related to the detection of these mutations in lung cancer, and the need to anticipate resistance to MET inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baldacci
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8161-M3T, mécanismes de tumorigenèse et thérapies ciblées, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, OncoLille, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Z Kherrouche
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8161-M3T, mécanismes de tumorigenèse et thérapies ciblées, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - C Descarpentries
- Service de biochimie et biologie moléculaire, plateforme de biologie moléculaire des cancers, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - M Wislez
- Service de pneumologie, hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, 75020 Paris , France
| | - E Dansin
- Département de cancérologie cervico-faciale & thoracique, CLCC Oscar Lambret, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Furlan
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8161-M3T, mécanismes de tumorigenèse et thérapies ciblées, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Équipe de biophotonique cellulaire fonctionnelle, université Lille, CNRS UMR 8523 PhLAM, 59000 Lille, France
| | - D Tulasne
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8161-M3T, mécanismes de tumorigenèse et thérapies ciblées, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A B Cortot
- Université Lille, CNRS, UMR 8161-M3T, mécanismes de tumorigenèse et thérapies ciblées, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, OncoLille, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
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42
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Uses of dimedone for the synthesis of new heterocyclic derivatives with anti-tumor, c-Met, tyrosine, and Pim-1 kinases inhibitions. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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43
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The multiple paths towards MET receptor addiction in cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:3200-3215. [PMID: 29551767 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapies against receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are currently used with success on a small proportion of patients displaying clear oncogene activation. Lung cancers with a mutated EGFR provide a good illustration. The efficacy of targeted treatments relies on oncogene addiction, a situation in which the growth or survival of the cancer cells depends on a single deregulated oncogene. MET, a member of the RTK family, is a promising target because it displays many deregulations in a broad panel of cancers. Although clinical trials having evaluated MET inhibitors in large populations have yielded disappointing results, many recent case reports suggest that MET inhibition may be effective in a subset of patients with unambiguous MET activation and thus, most probably, oncogene addiction. Interestingly, preclinical studies have revealed a particularity of MET addiction: it can arise through several mechanisms, and the mechanism involved can differ according to the cancer type. The present review describes the different mechanisms of MET addiction and their consequences for diagnosis and therapeutic strategies. Although in each cancer type MET addiction affects a restricted number of patients, pooling of these patients across all cancer types yields a targetable population liable to benefit from addiction-targeting therapies.
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44
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Du J, Wu X, Tong X, Wang X, Wei J, Yang Y, Chang Z, Mao Y, Shao YW, Liu B. Circulating tumor DNA profiling by next generation sequencing reveals heterogeneity of crizotinib resistance mechanisms in a gastric cancer patient with MET amplification. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26281-26287. [PMID: 28460431 PMCID: PMC5432256 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Crizotinib has been used to counter MET gene amplification in a number of different human malignancies. Transient response to crizotinib in MET-amplified gastric cancer has been reported, but the mechanisms of resistance are not well studied. Here, we reported a stage IV gastric cancer patient with high levels of MET amplification. The implementation of crizotinib treatment led to significant symptomatic improvement in the first 2 months, but was followed by rapid disease progression. Periodic mutation profiling of patient's circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) by next generation sequencing (NGS) revealed a number of genetic alterations including re-occurrence of MET amplification, multiple secondary MET mutations, a dramatic increase of FGFR2 gene relative copy number as well as mutations in other downstream and bypassing elements, which may collectively related to the patient's cancer progression. Our results illustrate the complex and heterogeneous molecular mechanisms for crizotinib resistance in this patient, and demonstrate the great potential of ctDNA profiling for treatment decision-making and prognosis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Geneseeq Technology Inc., Toronto, Ontario, M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Xiaoling Tong
- Geneseeq Technology Inc., Toronto, Ontario, M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Sino-Danish Life Science Park, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210032, China
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Zhili Chang
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Sino-Danish Life Science Park, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210032, China
| | - Yu Mao
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Sino-Danish Life Science Park, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210032, China
| | - Yang W Shao
- Geneseeq Technology Inc., Toronto, Ontario, M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
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Zhang X, Jia D, Ao J, Liu H, Zang Y, Azam M, Habib SL, Li J, Ruan X, Jia H, Wang X, Li B. Identification of Bisindolylmaleimide IX as a potential agent to treat drug-resistant BCR-ABL positive leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 7:69945-69960. [PMID: 27564101 PMCID: PMC5342526 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment with BCR-ABL inhibitors is often hampered by development of drug resistance. In a screen for novel chemotherapeutic drug candidates with genotoxic activity, we identified a bisindolylmaleimide derivative, IX, as a small molecule compound with therapeutic potential against CML including drug-resistant CML. We show that Bisindolylmaleimide IX inhibits DNA topoisomerase, generates DNA breaks, activates the Atm-p53 and Atm-Chk2 pathways, and induces cell cycle arrest and cell death. Interestingly, Bisindolylmaleimide IX is highly effective in targeting cells positive for BCR-ABL. BCR-ABL positive cells display enhanced DNA damage and increased cell cycle arrest in response to Bisindolylmaleimide IX due to decreased expression of topoisomerases. Cells positive for BCR-ABL or drug-resistant T315I BCR-ABL also display increased cytotoxicity since Bisindolylmaleimide IX inhibits B-Raf and the downstream oncogene addiction pathway. Mouse cancer model experiments showed that Bisindolylmaleimide IX, at doses that show little side effect, was effective in treating leukemia-like disorders induced by BCR-ABL or T315I BCR-ABL, and prolonged the lifespan of these model mice. Thus, Bisindolylmaleimide IX presents a novel drug candidate to treat drug-resistant CML via activating BCR-ABL-dependent genotoxic stress response and inhibiting the oncogene addiction pathway activated by BCR-ABL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deyong Jia
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junping Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zang
- National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohammad Azam
- Divisions of Pathology, Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Samy L Habib
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System and Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jia Li
- National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinsen Ruan
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Baojie Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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46
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Yuan H, Liu Q, Zhang L, Hu S, Chen T, Li H, Chen Y, Xu Y, Lu T. Discovery, optimization and biological evaluation for novel c-Met kinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:491-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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47
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Duan Y, Xu S, Xiong H, Wang L, Zhao B, Wang P, Wang C, Peng Y, Cai S, Luo R, Zheng P, Tang Q. Discovery of novel 2-substituted-4-phenoxypyridine derivatives as potential antitumor agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 28:254-259. [PMID: 29317165 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-substituted-4-phenoxypyridine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against 4 cancer cell lines (A549, HT-29, H460, and U87MG) in vitro. Most compounds showed moderate to excellent potency. Nine tyrosine kinases (c-Met, Flt-3, ALK, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, PDGFR-α, PDGFR-β, c-Kit, and EGFR) were used to evaluate the inhibitory activities with the most promising analogue 39, which showed the Flt-3/c-Met IC50 values of 2.18/2.61 nM. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that n-Pr served as R1 group showed a higher preference, and stronger mono-EWGs on the phenyl ring (such as R2 = 4-F) was benefited to the potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Duan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Shan Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Hehua Xiong
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Linxiao Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Bingbing Zhao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Ping Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Caolin Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Yiqing Peng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Shifan Cai
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Rong Luo
- Jiangxi Province Institute of Materia Medica, Nanchang 330000, PR China
| | - Pengwu Zheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
| | - Qidong Tang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
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48
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Trusolino L. Oncogenic MET as an Effective Therapeutic Target in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to EGFR Inhibitors: The Rise of the Phoenix. Cancer Discov 2017; 6:1306-1308. [PMID: 27920137 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-16-1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anecdotal reports have shown that concomitant inhibition of EGFR and MET can be clinically effective in patients with non-small cell lung cancer carrying EGFR mutations and MET amplification, but large phase III trials in genetically unselected individuals have failed to confirm the benefit of this combination therapy. A new study corroborates the evidence that lung cancer susceptibility to EGFR and MET blockade is sustained by genetically based activation of both targets and identifies a mutation in MET that confers acquired resistance to standard MET inhibitors hitting the active kinase, yet is vulnerable to other MET-directed compounds with a different binding mode. Cancer Discov; 6(12); 1306-8. ©2016 AACR.See related article by Bahcall and colleagues, p. 1334.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livio Trusolino
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute IRCCS, and Department of Oncology, University of Torino School of Medicine, Candiolo, Torino, Italy.
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49
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Mohareb RM, Abbas NS, Ibrahim RA. Uses of Cyclohexan-1,4-dione for the Synthesis of 2-Amino-4,5-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophen-6(7H)-one Derivatives with Anti-proliferative and Pim-1 Kinase Activities. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 65:1117-1131. [PMID: 29199218 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of cyclohexan-1,4-dione with elemental sulfur and any of the 2-cyano-N-arylacetamide derivatives 2a-c gave the 2-amino-4,5-dihydrobenzo[b]thiophen-6(7H)-one derivatives 3a-c to be used in some heterocyclization reactions. The multicomponent reactions of any of compounds 3a-c with aromatic aldehydes 6a-c and either of malononitrile or ethylcyanoacetate gave the 5,9-dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-f]chromene derivatives 9a-r, respectively. The anti-proliferative evaluation of the newly synthesized compounds against the six cancer cell lines A549, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, SMMC-7721 and H460 showed that the nine compounds 3c, 5c, 9e, 9h, 9i, 9j, 9l, 9q, 11e and 13e with highest cytotoxcity. Toxicity of these compounds against shrimp larvae revealed that compounds 3c, 9j, 9q, and 13e showed no toxicity against the tested organisms. The c-Met kinase inhibition of the most potent compounds showed that compounds 9j, 9q, 10e, 12e and 13e have the highest activities. Compounds 9j, 9l, 9q and 11e showed high activity towards tyrosine kinases. Moreover, compounds 9j, 9q and 13e showed the highest inhibitor activity towards Pim-1 kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nermeen Saeed Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University
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50
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Tang Q, Duan Y, Wang L, Wang M, Ouyang Y, Wang C, Mei H, Tang S, Xiong Y, Zheng P, Gong P, Zhu W. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives bearing the 1,8-naphthyridin-2-one moiety. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:266-275. [PMID: 29197731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives bearing the 1,8-naphthyridin-2-one moiety were synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against four cancer cell lines (HT-29, A549, H460, and U87MG) and six tyrosine kinases (c-Met, Flt-3, PDGFR-β, VEGFR-2, EGFR, and c-Kit) inhibitory activities in vitro. Most compounds showed moderate to excellent potency, with the most promising analogue 32 showing Flt-3/c-Met IC50 value of 1.16/1.92 nM. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that the hydrogen atom served as R1 group was benefited to the potency, and mono-electron-withdrawing groups (mono-EWGs) on the phenyl ring (such as R3 = 4-F) showed a higher preference for antiproliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Tang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Yongli Duan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Linxiao Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Yiqiang Ouyang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Caolin Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Han Mei
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Sheng Tang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Yinhua Xiong
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Pengwu Zheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Ping Gong
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
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