1
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Zhang L, Borjini N, Lun Y, Parab S, Asonye G, Singh R, Bell BA, Bonilha VL, Ivanov A, Fox DA, Caspi R, Lin F. CDCP1 regulates retinal pigmented epithelial barrier integrity for the development of experimental autoimmune uveitis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e157038. [PMID: 35951427 PMCID: PMC9675461 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cub domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is a protein that is highly expressed on the surface of many cancer cells. However, its distribution in normal tissues and its potential roles in nontumor cells are poorly understood. We found that CDCP1 is present on both human and mouse retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. CDCP1-KO mice developed attenuated retinal inflammation in a passive model of autoimmune uveitis, with disrupted tight junctions and infiltrating T cells detected in RPE flat mounts from WT but not CDCP1-KO mice during EAU development. Mechanistically, we discovered that CDCP1 on RPE cells was upregulated by IFN-γ in vitro and after EAU induction in vivo. CD6 stimulation induced increased RPE barrier permeability of WT but not CDCP1-knockdown (CDCP1-KD) RPE cells, and activated T cells migrated through WT RPE monolayers more efficiently than the CDCP1-KD RPE monolayers. In addition, CD6 stimulation of WT but not the CDCP1-KD RPE cells induced massive stress fiber formation and focal adhesion disruption to reduce cell barrier tight junctions. These data suggest that CDCP1 on RPE cells interacts with CD6 on T cells to induce RPE cytoskeleton remodeling and focal adhesion disruption, which open up the tight junctions to facilitate T cell infiltration for the development of uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Zhang
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nozha Borjini
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yu Lun
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sweta Parab
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gospel Asonye
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Rupesh Singh
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Brent A. Bell
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Vera L. Bonilha
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrei Ivanov
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - David A. Fox
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rachel Caspi
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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2
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CDCP1: A promising diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for human cancer. Life Sci 2022; 301:120600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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3
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Lim SA, Zhou J, Martinko AJ, Wang YH, Filippova EV, Steri V, Wang D, Remesh SG, Liu J, Hann B, Kossiakoff AA, Evans MJ, Leung KK, Wells JA. Targeting a proteolytic neoepitope on CUB domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) for RAS-driven cancers. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e154604. [PMID: 35166238 PMCID: PMC8843743 DOI: 10.1172/jci154604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular proteolysis is frequently dysregulated in disease and can generate proteoforms with unique neoepitopes not found in healthy tissue. Here, we demonstrate that Abs that selectively recognize a proteolytic neoepitope on CUB domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) could enable more effective and safer treatments for solid tumors. CDCP1 is highly overexpressed in RAS-driven cancers, and its ectodomain is cleaved by extracellular proteases. Biochemical, biophysical, and structural characterization revealed that the 2 cleaved fragments of CDCP1 remain tightly associated with minimal proteolysis-induced conformational change. Using differential phage display, we generated recombinant Abs that are exquisitely selective to cleaved CDCP1 with no detectable binding to the uncleaved form. These Abs potently targeted cleaved CDCP1-expressing cancer cells as an Ab-drug conjugate, an Ab-radionuclide conjugate, and a bispecific T cell engager. In a syngeneic pancreatic tumor model, these cleaved-specific Abs showed tumor-specific localization and antitumor activity with superior safety profiles compared with a pan-CDCP1 approach. Targeting proteolytic neoepitopes could provide an orthogonal "AND" gate for improving the therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
| | | | - Yung-Hua Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, and
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ekaterina V. Filippova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Veronica Steri
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Preclinical Therapeutics Core, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Donghui Wang
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
- Preclinical Therapeutics Core, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Jia Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
| | - Byron Hann
- Preclinical Therapeutics Core, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anthony A. Kossiakoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael J. Evans
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, and
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - James A. Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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4
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Pollan SG, Teng PC, Jan YJ, Livingstone J, Huang C, Kim M, Mariscal J, Rodriguez M, Chen JF, You S, DiVizio D, Boutros PC, Chan KS, Rasorenova O, Cress A, Spassov D, Moasser M, Posadas EM, Freedland SJ, Freeman MR, Zheng JJ, Knudsen BS. Loss of CDCP1 triggers FAK activation in detached prostate cancer cells. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2021; 9:350-366. [PMID: 34541033 PMCID: PMC8446766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A major metastasis suppressing mechanism is the rapid apoptotic death of cancer cells upon detachment from extracellular matrix, a process called anoikis. Focal adhesion kinase (PTK2/FAK) is a key enzyme involved in evasion of anoikis. We show that loss of the Cub-domain containing protein-1 (CDCP1), paradoxically stimulates FAK activation in the detached state of prostate cancer cells. In CDCP1low DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells, detachment-activation of FAK occurs through local production of PI(4,5)P2. PI(4,5)P2 is generated by the PIP5K1c-201 splicing isoform of PIP5K1c, which contains a unique SRC phosphorylation site. In the detached state, reduced expression of CDCP1 and an alternative CDCP1-independent SRC activation mechanism triggers PIP5K1c-pY644 phosphorylation by SRC. This causes a switch of Talin binding from β1-integrin to PIP5K1c-pY644 and leads to activation of PIP5K1c-FAK. Reduced CDCP1 expression also inactivates CDK5, a negative regulator of PIP5K1c. Furthermore, immersion of prostate cancer cells in 10% human plasma or fetal bovine serum is required for activation of PIP5K1c-FAK. The PIP5K1c induced detachment-activation of FAK in preclinical models sensitizes CDCP1low prostate cancer cells to FAK inhibitors. In patients, CDCP1High versus CDCP1low circulating tumor cells differ in expression of AR-v7, ONECUT2 and HOXB13 oncogenes and TMPRSS2 and display intra-patient heterogeneity of FAK-pY397 expression. Taken together, CDCP1low and CDCP1high detached prostate cancer cells activate distinct cytoplasmic kinase complexes and targetable transcription factors, which has important therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara G Pollan
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Pai-Chi Teng
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Yu Jen Jan
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Julie Livingstone
- Department of Informatics and Biocomputing, Ontario Institute for Cancer ResearchToronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Cai Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky789 South Limestone St, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Minhyung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Javier Mariscal
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Maria Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jie-Fu Chen
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sungyong You
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Dolores DiVizio
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Human Genetics and Urology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Keith Syson Chan
- Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Olga Rasorenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California IrvineIrvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Anne Cress
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine1501 N, Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Danislav Spassov
- Department of Medicine, University of California San FranciscoSan Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mark Moasser
- Department of Medicine, University of California San FranciscoSan Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Michael R Freeman
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jie J Zheng
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California Los AngelesCHS BH-973B, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Beatrice S Knudsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of UtahSalt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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5
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Lun Y, Borjini N, Miura NN, Ohno N, Singer NG, Lin F. CDCP1 on Dendritic Cells Contributes to the Development of a Model of Kawasaki Disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:2819-2827. [PMID: 34099547 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The etiology and pathology of Kawasaki disease (KD) remain elusive. Cub domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1), a cell-surface protein that confers poor prognosis of patients with certain solid tumors, was recently identified as one of the most significantly upregulated genes in SARS-CoV-2-infected children who developed systemic vasculitis, a hallmark of KD. However, a potential role of CDCP1 in KD has not previously been explored. In this study, we found that CDCP1 knockout (KO) mice exhibited attenuated coronary and aortic vasculitis and decreased serum Candida albicans water-soluble fraction (CAWS)-specific IgM/IgG2a and IL-6 concentrations compared with wild-type mice in an established model of KD induced by CAWS administration. CDCP1 expression was not detectable in cardiomyocytes, cardio fibroblasts, or coronary endothelium, but constitutive expression of CDCP1 was observed on dendritic cells (DCs) and was upregulated by CAWS stimulation. CAWS-induced IL-6 production was significantly reduced in CDCP1 KO DCs, in association with impaired Syk-MAPK signaling pathway activation. These novel findings suggest that CDCP1 might regulate KD development by modulating IL-6 production from DCs via the Syk-MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lun
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nozha Borjini
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Noriko N Miura
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Naohito Ohno
- Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Nora G Singer
- Division of Rheumatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA;
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6
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Kajiwara K, Yamano S, Aoki K, Okuzaki D, Matsumoto K, Okada M. CDCP1 promotes compensatory renal growth by integrating Src and Met signaling. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/4/e202000832. [PMID: 33574034 PMCID: PMC7893822 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CDCP1 promotes HGF-induced compensatory renal growth by focally and temporally integrating Src and Met-STAT3 signaling in lipid rafts. Compensatory growth of organs after loss of their mass and/or function is controlled by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), but the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) promotes HGF-induced compensatory renal growth. Using canine kidney cells as a model of renal tubules, we found that HGF-induced temporal up-regulation of Src activity and its scaffold protein, CDCP1, and that the ablation of CDCP1 robustly abrogated HGF-induced phenotypic changes, such as morphological changes and cell growth/proliferation. Mechanistic analyses revealed that up-regulated CDCP1 recruits Src into lipid rafts to activate STAT3 associated with the HGF receptor Met, and activated STAT3 induces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and mitogenic factors. After unilateral nephrectomy in mice, the Met-STAT3 signaling is transiently up-regulated in the renal tubules of the remaining kidney, whereas CDCP1 ablation attenuates regenerative signaling and significantly suppresses compensatory growth. These findings demonstrate that CDCP1 plays a crucial role in controlling compensatory renal growth by focally and temporally integrating Src and Met signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kajiwara
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shotaro Yamano
- Japan Bioassay Research Center, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Division of Quantitative Biology, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kunio Matsumoto
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masato Okada
- Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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7
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Khan T, Kryza T, Lyons NJ, He Y, Hooper JD. The CDCP1 Signaling Hub: A Target for Cancer Detection and Therapeutic Intervention. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2259-2269. [PMID: 33509939 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CUB-domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is upregulated in malignancies of the breast, lung, colorectum, ovary, kidney, liver, pancreas, and hematopoietic system. Here, we discuss CDCP1 as an important hub for oncogenic signaling and its key roles in malignant transformation and summarize approaches focused on exploiting it for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Elevated levels of CDCP1 are associated with progressive disease and markedly poorer survival. Predominantly located on the cell surface, CDCP1 lies at the nexus of key tumorigenic and metastatic signaling cascades, including the SRC/PKCδ, PI3K/AKT, WNT, and RAS/ERK axes, the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, and fatty acid oxidation, making important functional contributions to cancer cell survival and growth, metastasis, and treatment resistance. These findings have stimulated the development of agents that target CDCP1 for detection and treatment of a range of cancers, and results from preclinical models suggest that these approaches could be efficacious and have manageable toxicity profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashbib Khan
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Lyons
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
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8
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Alajati A, D'Ambrosio M, Troiani M, Mosole S, Pellegrini L, Chen J, Revandkar A, Bolis M, Theurillat JP, Guccini I, Losa M, Calcinotto A, De Bernardis G, Pasquini E, D'Antuono R, Sharp A, Figueiredo I, Nava Rodrigues D, Welti J, Gil V, Yuan W, Vlajnic T, Bubendorf L, Chiorino G, Gnetti L, Torrano V, Carracedo A, Camplese L, Hirabayashi S, Canato E, Pasut G, Montopoli M, Rüschoff JH, Wild P, Moch H, De Bono J, Alimonti A. CDCP1 overexpression drives prostate cancer progression and can be targeted in vivo. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:2435-2450. [PMID: 32250342 DOI: 10.1172/jci131133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which prostate cancer shifts from an indolent castration-sensitive phenotype to lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are poorly understood. Identification of clinically relevant genetic alterations leading to CRPC may reveal potential vulnerabilities for cancer therapy. Here we find that CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1), a transmembrane protein that acts as a substrate for SRC family kinases (SFKs), is overexpressed in a subset of CRPC. Notably, CDCP1 cooperates with the loss of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN to promote the emergence of metastatic prostate cancer. Mechanistically, we find that androgens suppress CDCP1 expression and that androgen deprivation in combination with loss of PTEN promotes the upregulation of CDCP1 and the subsequent activation of the SRC/MAPK pathway. Moreover, we demonstrate that anti-CDCP1 immunoliposomes (anti-CDCP1 ILs) loaded with chemotherapy suppress prostate cancer growth when administered in combination with enzalutamide. Thus, our study identifies CDCP1 as a powerful driver of prostate cancer progression and uncovers different potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of metastatic prostate tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alajati
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Mariantonietta D'Ambrosio
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martina Troiani
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Simone Mosole
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Laura Pellegrini
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ajinkya Revandkar
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Bolis
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Theurillat
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Guccini
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Marco Losa
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Arianna Calcinotto
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Gaston De Bernardis
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano Pasquini
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Rocco D'Antuono
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Adam Sharp
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ines Figueiredo
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Nava Rodrigues
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Welti
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Veronica Gil
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Yuan
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tatjana Vlajnic
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Letizia Gnetti
- Pathology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Verónica Torrano
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Arkaitz Carracedo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Ikerbasque: Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Laura Camplese
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susumu Hirabayashi
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Canato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Pasut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Jan Hendrik Rüschoff
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wild
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johann De Bono
- Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.,Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Alimonti
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Universita' della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne UNIL, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
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9
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An oncogenic viral interferon regulatory factor upregulates CUB domain-containing protein 1 to promote angiogenesis by hijacking transcription factor lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 and metastasis suppressor CD82. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:3289-3306. [PMID: 32555380 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-0578-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a highly angiogenic and invasive vascular tumor, is the most common AIDS-associated cancer caused by KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. We have recently shown that KSHV-encoded viral interferon regulatory factor 1 (vIRF1) contributes to KSHV-induced cell motility (PLoS Pathog. 15:e1007578, 2019). However, the role of vIRF1 in KSHV-induced angiogenesis remains unknown. Here, using two in vivo angiogenesis models including the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) and the matrigel plug angiogenesis assay in mice, we show that vIRF1 promotes angiogenesis by upregulating CUB domain (for complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, Bmp1) containing protein 1 (CDCP1). Mechanistically, vIRF1 enhances the expression of transcription factor lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (Lef1) and binds to Lef1 to promote CDCP1 transcription. Meanwhile, vIRF1 degrades metastasis suppressor CD82 through an ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by recruiting E3 ubiquitin ligase AMFR to CD82, which protects CDCP1 from CD82-mediated, palmitoylation-dependent degradation. CDCP1 activates AKT signaling, which is required for vIRF1-induced cell motility but not angiogenesis. Our results illustrate that, by hijacking Lef1 and CD82, vIRF1 upregulates CDCP1 to promote angiogenesis and cell invasion. These novel findings demonstrate the vIRF1 targets multiple cellular proteins and pathways to promote the pathogenesis of KS, which could be attractive therapeutic targets for KSHV-induced malignancies.
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10
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Moroz A, Wang YH, Sharib JM, Wei J, Zhao N, Huang Y, Chen Z, Martinko AJ, Zhuo J, Lim SA, Zhang LH, Seo Y, Carlin S, Leung KK, Collisson EA, Kirkwood KS, Wells JA, Evans MJ. Theranostic Targeting of CUB Domain Containing Protein 1 (CDCP1) in Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:3608-3615. [PMID: 32341034 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The recent emergence of radioligand therapies for cancer treatment has increased enthusiasm for developing new theranostic strategies coupling both imaging and cytotoxicity in the same entity. In this study, we evaluated whether CUB domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1), a single-pass transmembrane protein highly overexpressed in diverse human cancers, might be a target for cancer theranostics. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The ectodomain of CDCP1 was targeted using radiolabeled forms of 4A06, a potent and specific recombinant human antibody that we developed. Imaging and antitumor assessment studies were performed in animal models of pancreatic cancer, including two patient-derived xenograft models we developed for this study. For antitumor assessment studies, the endpoints were death due to tumor volume >3,000 mm3 or ≥20% loss in body weight. Specific tracer binding or antitumor effects were assessed with an unpaired, two-tailed Student t test and survival advantages were assessed with a log rank (Mantel-Cox) test. Differences at the 95% confidence level were interpreted to be significant. RESULTS 89Zr-4A06 detected a broad dynamic range of full length or cleaved CDCP1 expression on seven human pancreatic cancer tumors (n = 4/tumor). Treating mice with single or fractionated doses of 177Lu-4A06 significantly reduced pancreatic cancer tumor volume compared with mice receiving vehicle or unlabeled 4A06 (n = 8; P < 0.01). A single dose of 225Ac-4A06 also inhibited tumor growth, although the effect was less profound compared with 177Lu-4A06 (n = 8; P < 0.01). A significant survival advantage was imparted by 225Ac-4A06 (HR = 2.56; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data establish that CDCP1 can be exploited for theranostics, a finding with widespread implications given its breadth of overexpression in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Moroz
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yung-Hua Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jeremy M Sharib
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Junnian Wei
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Yangjie Huang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Alexander J Martinko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jie Zhuo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Shion A Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Lydia H Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Sean Carlin
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin K Leung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Eric A Collisson
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Kimberly S Kirkwood
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - James A Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Michael J Evans
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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11
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Casciano JC, Perry C, Cohen-Nowak AJ, Miller KD, Vande Voorde J, Zhang Q, Chalmers S, Sandison ME, Liu Q, Hedley A, McBryan T, Tang HY, Gorman N, Beer T, Speicher DW, Adams PD, Liu X, Schlegel R, McCarron JG, Wakelam MJO, Gottlieb E, Kossenkov AV, Schug ZT. MYC regulates fatty acid metabolism through a multigenic program in claudin-low triple negative breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:868-884. [PMID: 31942031 PMCID: PMC7078291 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have suggested that fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is a key metabolic pathway for the growth of triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs), particularly those that have high expression of MYC. However, the underlying mechanism by which MYC promotes FAO remains poorly understood. Methods We used a combination of metabolomics, transcriptomics, bioinformatics, and microscopy to elucidate a potential mechanism by which MYC regulates FAO in TNBC. Results We propose that MYC induces a multigenic program that involves changes in intracellular calcium signalling and fatty acid metabolism. We determined key roles for fatty acid transporters (CD36), lipases (LPL), and kinases (PDGFRB, CAMKK2, and AMPK) that each contribute to promoting FAO in human mammary epithelial cells that express oncogenic levels of MYC. Bioinformatic analysis further showed that this multigenic program is highly expressed and predicts poor survival in the claudin-low molecular subtype of TNBC, but not other subtypes of TNBCs, suggesting that efforts to target FAO in the clinic may best serve claudin-low TNBC patients. Conclusion We identified critical pieces of the FAO machinery that have the potential to be targeted for improved treatment of patients with TNBC, especially the claudin-low molecular subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Casciano
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Caroline Perry
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Adam J Cohen-Nowak
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Katelyn D Miller
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Johan Vande Voorde
- The Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Qifeng Zhang
- The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Susan Chalmers
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, SIPBS Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Mairi E Sandison
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, SIPBS Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
| | - Qin Liu
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ann Hedley
- The Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Tony McBryan
- The Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK.,Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Hsin-Yao Tang
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nicole Gorman
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Thomas Beer
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David W Speicher
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Center for Cell Reprogramming, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington D.C., 20057, USA
| | - Richard Schlegel
- Center for Cell Reprogramming, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington D.C., 20057, USA
| | - John G McCarron
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, SIPBS Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | | | - Eyal Gottlieb
- The Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 1 Efron St. Bat Galim, 3525433, Haifa, Israel
| | - Andrew V Kossenkov
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Zachary T Schug
- The Wistar Institute, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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12
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Nelson LJ, Wright HJ, Dinh NB, Nguyen KD, Razorenova OV, Heinemann FS. Src Kinase Is Biphosphorylated at Y416/Y527 and Activates the CUB-Domain Containing Protein 1/Protein Kinase C δ Pathway in a Subset of Triple-Negative Breast Cancers. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 190:484-502. [PMID: 31843498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapeutics are needed for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In this study, we investigated the activation of Src family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases (SFKs) and two SFK substrates-CUB-domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) and protein kinase C δ (PKCδ)-in 56 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) TNBCs. Expression of SFK phosphorylated at Y416 (SFK_pY416+) in tumor cells was strongly associated with phosphorylation of CDCP1 and PKCδ (CDCP1_ pY743+ and PKCδ_pY311+), as assessed by immunohistochemistry, indicating increased SFK activity in situ. To enable biochemical analysis, protein extraction from FFPE tissue was optimized. Cleaved CDCP1 isoform (70 kDa) was expressed to a varying degree in all samples but only phosphorylated in TNBC tumor cells that expressed SFK_pY416. Interestingly, active SFK was found to be biphosphorylated (SFK_pY416+/pY527+). Biphosphorylated active SFK was observed more frequently in forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1)- TNBCs. In addition, in SFK_pY416- samples, FOXA1+ TNBC tended to be SFK_pY527+ (classic inactive SFK), and FOXA1- TNBC tended to be SFK_pY527- (SFK poised for activation). Strong SFK_pY416 staining was also observed in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in a subset of TNBCs with high tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte content. This report will facilitate protein biochemical analysis of FFPE tumor samples and justifies the development of therapies targeting the SFK/CDCP1/PKCδ pathway for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Nelson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Heather J Wright
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Nguyen B Dinh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Kevin D Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Olga V Razorenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.
| | - F Scott Heinemann
- Department of Pathology, Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian, Newport Beach, California.
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13
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Consuegra-Fernández M, Lin F, Fox DA, Lozano F. Clinical and experimental evidence for targeting CD6 in immune-based disorders. Autoimmun Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Regulation of inside-out β1-integrin activation by CDCP1. Oncogene 2018; 37:2817-2836. [PMID: 29511352 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis depends on the dynamic regulation of cell adhesion through β1-integrin. The Cub-Domain Containing Protein-1, CDCP1, is a transmembrane glycoprotein which regulates cell adhesion. Overexpression and loss of CDCP1 have been observed in the same cancer types to promote metastatic progression. Here, we demonstrate reduced CDCP1 expression in high-grade, primary prostate cancers, circulating tumor cells and tumor metastases of patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer. CDCP1 is expressed in epithelial and not mesenchymal cells, and its cell surface and mRNA expression declines upon stimulation with TGFβ1 and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Silencing of CDCP1 in DU145 and PC3 cells resulted in 3.4-fold higher proliferation of non-adherent cells and 4.4-fold greater anchorage independent growth. CDCP1-silenced tumors grew in 100% of mice, compared to 30% growth of CDCP1-expressing tumors. After CDCP1 silencing, cell adhesion and migration diminished 2.1-fold, caused by loss of inside-out activation of β1-integrin. We determined that the loss of CDCP1 reduces CDK5 kinase activity due to the phosphorylation of its regulatory subunit, CDK5R1/p35, by c-SRC on Y234. This generates a binding site for the C2 domain of PKCδ, which in turn phosphorylates CDK5 on T77. The resulting dissociation of the CDK5R1/CDK5 complex abolishes the activity of CDK5. Mutations of CDK5-T77 and CDK5R1-Y234 phosphorylation sites re-establish the CDK5/CDKR1 complex and the inside-out activity of β1-integrin. Altogether, we discovered a new mechanism of regulation of CDK5 through loss of CDCP1, which dynamically regulates β1-integrin in non-adherent cells and which may promote vascular dissemination in patients with advanced prostate cancer.
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15
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Abstract
It has been proposed that CD6, an important regulator of T cells, functions by interacting with its currently identified ligand, CD166, but studies performed during the treatment of autoimmune conditions suggest that the CD6-CD166 interaction might not account for important functions of CD6 in autoimmune diseases. The antigen recognized by mAb 3A11 has been proposed as a new CD6 ligand distinct from CD166, yet the identity of it is hitherto unknown. We have identified this CD6 ligand as CD318, a cell surface protein previously found to be present on various epithelial cells and many tumor cells. We found that, like CD6 knockout (KO) mice, CD318 KO mice are also protected in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In humans, we found that CD318 is highly expressed in synovial tissues and participates in CD6-dependent adhesion of T cells to synovial fibroblasts. In addition, soluble CD318 is chemoattractive to T cells and levels of soluble CD318 are selectively and significantly elevated in the synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile inflammatory arthritis. These results establish CD318 as a ligand of CD6 and a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and inflammatory arthritis.
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16
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CDCP1 drives triple-negative breast cancer metastasis through reduction of lipid-droplet abundance and stimulation of fatty acid oxidation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E6556-E6565. [PMID: 28739932 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1703791114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is notoriously aggressive with high metastatic potential, which has recently been linked to high rates of fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Here we report the mechanism of lipid metabolism dysregulation in TNBC through the prometastatic protein, CUB-domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1). We show that a "low-lipid" phenotype is characteristic of breast cancer cells compared with normal breast epithelial cells and negatively correlates with invasiveness in 3D culture. Using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering and two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy, we show that CDCP1 depletes lipids from cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) through reduced acyl-CoA production and increased lipid utilization in the mitochondria through FAO, fueling oxidative phosphorylation. These findings are supported by CDCP1's interaction with and inhibition of acyl CoA-synthetase ligase (ACSL) activity. Importantly, CDCP1 knockdown increases LD abundance and reduces TNBC 2D migration in vitro, which can be partially rescued by the ACSL inhibitor, Triacsin C. Furthermore, CDCP1 knockdown reduced 3D invasion, which can be rescued by ACSL3 co-knockdown. In vivo, inhibiting CDCP1 activity with an engineered blocking fragment (extracellular portion of cleaved CDCP1) lead to increased LD abundance in primary tumors, decreased metastasis, and increased ACSL activity in two animal models of TNBC. Finally, TNBC lung metastases have lower LD abundance than their corresponding primary tumors, indicating that LD abundance in primary tumor might serve as a prognostic marker for metastatic potential. Our studies have important implications for the development of TNBC therapeutics to specifically block CDCP1-driven FAO and oxidative phosphorylation, which contribute to TNBC migration and metastasis.
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17
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Dysregulated expression of cell surface glycoprotein CDCP1 in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:43743-58. [PMID: 26497208 PMCID: PMC4791263 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is a trans-membrane protein regulator of cell adhesion with a potent pro-migratory function in tumors. Given that proteolytic cleavage of the ectodomain correlates with outside-in oncogenic signaling, we characterized glycosylation in the context of cellular processing and expression of CDCP1 in prostate cancer. We detected 135 kDa full-length and proteolytic processed 70 kDa species in a panel of PCa cell models. The relative expression of full-length CDCP1 correlated with the metastatic potential of syngeneic cell models and an increase in surface membrane expression of CDCP1 was observed in tumor compared to adjacent normal prostate tissues. We demonstrated that glycosylation of CDCP1 is a prerequisite for protein stability and plasma membrane localization, and that the expression level and extent of N-glycosylation of CDCP1 correlated with metastatic status. Interestingly, complex N-linked glycans with sialic acid chains were restricted to the N-terminal half of the ectodomain and absent in the truncated species. Characterization of the extracellular expression of CDCP1 identified novel circulating forms and revealed that extracellular vesicles provide additional processing pathways. Employing immunoaffinity mass spectrometry, we detected elevated levels of circulating CDCP1 in patient urine with high-risk disease. Our results establish that differential glycosylation, cell surface presentation and extracellular expression of CDCP1 are hallmarks of PCa progression.
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18
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Sandercock AM, Rust S, Guillard S, Sachsenmeier KF, Holoweckyj N, Hay C, Flynn M, Huang Q, Yan K, Herpers B, Price LS, Soden J, Freeth J, Jermutus L, Hollingsworth R, Minter R. Identification of anti-tumour biologics using primary tumour models, 3-D phenotypic screening and image-based multi-parametric profiling. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:147. [PMID: 26227951 PMCID: PMC4521473 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0415-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monolayer cultures of immortalised cell lines are a popular screening tool for novel anti-cancer therapeutics, but these methods can be a poor surrogate for disease states, and there is a need for drug screening platforms which are more predictive of clinical outcome. In this study, we describe a phenotypic antibody screen using three-dimensional cultures of primary cells, and image-based multi-parametric profiling in PC-3 cells, to identify anti-cancer biologics against new therapeutic targets. Methods ScFv Antibodies and designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) were isolated using phage display selections against primary non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. The selected molecules were screened for anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity against primary cells grown in three-dimensional culture, and in an ultra-high content screen on a 3-D cultured cell line using multi-parametric profiling to detect treatment-induced phenotypic changes. The targets of molecules of interest were identified using a cell-surface membrane protein array. An anti-CUB domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) antibody was tested for tumour growth inhibition in a patient-derived xenograft model, generated from a stage-IV non-small cell lung carcinoma, with and without cisplatin. Results Two primary non-small cell lung carcinoma cell models were established for antibody isolation and primary screening in anti-proliferative and apoptosis assays. These assays identified multiple antibodies demonstrating activity in specific culture formats. A subset of the DARPins was profiled in an ultra-high content multi-parametric screen, where 300 morphological features were measured per sample. Machine learning was used to select features to classify treatment responses, then antibodies were characterised based on the phenotypes that they induced. This method co-classified several DARPins that targeted CDCP1 into two sets with different phenotypes. Finally, an anti-CDCP1 antibody significantly enhanced the efficacy of cisplatin in a patient-derived NSCLC xenograft model. Conclusions Phenotypic profiling using complex 3-D cell cultures steers hit selection towards more relevant in vivo phenotypes, and may shed light on subtle mechanistic variations in drug candidates, enabling data-driven decisions for oncology target validation. CDCP1 was identified as a potential target for cisplatin combination therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0415-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven Rust
- MedImmune, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
| | | | | | | | - Carl Hay
- MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20287, USA.
| | - Matt Flynn
- MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20287, USA.
| | - Qihui Huang
- MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20287, USA.
| | - Kuan Yan
- OcellO, Leiden BioPartner Center, J. H Oortweg 21, 2333 CH, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Bram Herpers
- OcellO, Leiden BioPartner Center, J. H Oortweg 21, 2333 CH, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Leo S Price
- OcellO, Leiden BioPartner Center, J. H Oortweg 21, 2333 CH, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Jo Soden
- Retrogenix, Crown House, Bingswood Estate, Whaley Bridge, High Peak, SK23 7LY, UK.
| | - Jim Freeth
- Retrogenix, Crown House, Bingswood Estate, Whaley Bridge, High Peak, SK23 7LY, UK.
| | | | | | - Ralph Minter
- MedImmune, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
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19
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He Y, Wu AC, Harrington BS, Davies CM, Wallace SJ, Adams MN, Palmer JS, Roche DK, Hollier BG, Westbrook TF, Hamidi H, Konecny GE, Winterhoff B, Chetty NP, Crandon AJ, Oliveira NB, Shannon CM, Tinker AV, Gilks CB, Coward JI, Lumley JW, Perrin LC, Armes JE, Hooper JD. Elevated CDCP1 predicts poor patient outcome and mediates ovarian clear cell carcinoma by promoting tumor spheroid formation, cell migration and chemoresistance. Oncogene 2015; 35:468-78. [PMID: 25893298 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hematogenous metastases are rarely present at diagnosis of ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCC). Instead dissemination of these tumors is characteristically via direct extension of the primary tumor into nearby organs and the spread of exfoliated tumor cells throughout the peritoneum, initially via the peritoneal fluid, and later via ascites that accumulates as a result of disruption of the lymphatic system. The molecular mechanisms orchestrating these processes are uncertain. In particular, the signaling pathways used by malignant cells to survive the stresses of anchorage-free growth in peritoneal fluid and ascites, and to colonize remote sites, are poorly defined. We demonstrate that the transmembrane glycoprotein CUB-domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) has important and inhibitable roles in these processes. In vitro assays indicate that CDCP1 mediates formation and survival of OCC spheroids, as well as cell migration and chemoresistance. Disruption of CDCP1 via silencing and antibody-mediated inhibition markedly reduce the ability of TOV21G OCC cells to form intraperitoneal tumors and induce accumulation of ascites in mice. Mechanistically our data suggest that CDCP1 effects are mediated via a novel mechanism of protein kinase B (Akt) activation. Immunohistochemical analysis also suggested that CDCP1 is functionally important in OCC, with its expression elevated in 90% of 198 OCC tumors and increased CDCP1 expression correlating with poor patient disease-free and overall survival. This analysis also showed that CDCP1 is largely restricted to the surface of malignant cells where it is accessible to therapeutic antibodies. Importantly, antibody-mediated blockade of CDCP1 in vivo significantly increased the anti-tumor efficacy of carboplatin, the chemotherapy most commonly used to treat OCC. In summary, our data indicate that CDCP1 is important in the progression of OCC and that targeting pathways mediated by this protein may be useful for the management of OCC, potentially in combination with chemotherapies and agents targeting the Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - A C Wu
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - B S Harrington
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - C M Davies
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - S J Wallace
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - M N Adams
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - J S Palmer
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - D K Roche
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - B G Hollier
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - T F Westbrook
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H Hamidi
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G E Konecny
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - N P Chetty
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - A J Crandon
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - N B Oliveira
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - C M Shannon
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - A V Tinker
- Division of Medical Oncology, Vancouver Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Cheryl Brown Ovarian Cancer Outcomes Unit, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C B Gilks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J I Coward
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J W Lumley
- Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, Queensland, Australia
| | - L C Perrin
- Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J E Armes
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.,Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
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20
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Alajati A, Guccini I, Pinton S, Garcia-Escudero R, Bernasocchi T, Sarti M, Montani E, Rinaldi A, Montemurro F, Catapano C, Bertoni F, Alimonti A. Interaction of CDCP1 with HER2 enhances HER2-driven tumorigenesis and promotes trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer. Cell Rep 2015; 11:564-76. [PMID: 25892239 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular pathways that contribute to the aggressive behavior of HER2-positive breast cancers may aid in the development of novel therapeutic interventions. Here, we show that CDCP1 and HER2 are frequently co-overexpressed in metastatic breast tumors and associated with poor patient prognosis. HER2 and CDCP1 co-overexpression leads to increased transformation ability, cell migration, and tumor formation in vivo, and enhanced HER2 activation and downstream signaling in different breast cancer cell lines. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that CDCP1 binds to HER2 through its intracellular domain, thereby increasing HER2 interaction with the non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-SRC (SRC), leading to trastuzumab resistance. Taken together, our findings establish that CDCP1 is a modulator of HER2 signaling and a biomarker for the stratification of breast cancer patients with poor prognosis. Our results also provide a rationale for therapeutic targeting of CDCP1 in HER2-positive breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alajati
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Guccini
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Pinton
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Ramon Garcia-Escudero
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT, Madrid 28040, Spain; Oncogenomics Unit, Institute of Biomed Research, Hospital "12 de Octubre", 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Manuela Sarti
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Erica Montani
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Rinaldi
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Filippo Montemurro
- Investigative Clinical Oncology (INCO), Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia Candiolo Cancer Institute (IRCCS), Strada Provinciale 142, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Carlo Catapano
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Alimonti
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne UNIL, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
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21
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Gandji LY, Proust R, Larue L, Gesbert F. The tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 associates with CUB domain-containing protein-1 (CDCP1), regulating its expression at the cell surface in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123472. [PMID: 25876044 PMCID: PMC4395315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CUB domain-containing protein-1 (CDCP1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is phosphorylated by SRC family kinases (SFK) before recruiting and activating PKCδ. CDCP1 is overproduced in many cancers. It promotes metastasis and resistance to anoïkis. The robust production of CDCP1 would be associated with stemness and has been proposed as a novel prognosis marker. The natural transmembrane location of CDCP1 makes it an ideal therapeutic target and treatments based on the use of appropriate antibodies are currently being evaluated. However, we still know very little about the molecular fate of CDCP1 and its downstream signaling events. Improvements in our understanding of the molecular events occurring downstream of CDCP1 are required to make use of changes of CDCP1 production or functions for therapeutic purposes. By the mean of co-immunoprecipitation and affinity precipitation we show here, for the first time, that CDCP1 interacts directly, with the cytosolic tyrosine phosphatase SHP2. Point mutants of CDCP1 show that residues Y734 and Y743 are responsible for its interaction with SHP2. It may therefore compete with SFK. We also demonstrate that a shRNA-mediated down regulation of SHP2 is associated with a stronger CDCP1 phosphorylation and an impairment of antibody-mediated CDCP1 internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Yewakon Gandji
- Institut Curie, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, Orsay, France
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- CNRS, UMR3347, Bat 110, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Bat 110, Orsay, France
- Equipe labellisée—Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Orsay, France
| | - Richard Proust
- INSERM UMR-S972, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Lionel Larue
- Institut Curie, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, Orsay, France
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- CNRS, UMR3347, Bat 110, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Bat 110, Orsay, France
- Equipe labellisée—Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Orsay, France
| | - Franck Gesbert
- Institut Curie, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, Orsay, France
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- CNRS, UMR3347, Bat 110, Orsay, France
- INSERM U1021, Bat 110, Orsay, France
- Equipe labellisée—Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Orsay, France
- * E-mail:
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22
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Wu H, Shang LQ, Chen RL, Yang SM, Wang SL, Wang J, Sun G. Significance of Trask protein interactions in brain metastatic cohorts of lung cancers. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4181-7. [PMID: 25775948 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A class of adhesion protein that occurs in the membrane with both extracellular and intracellular domain and play vital role in maintaining multicellularity is TRASK, also called CUB-domain containing protein1, CD318 (CDCP1). Specifically, in the current study, documented aggressive grades of lung cancers and distant metastatic tissues were examined for protein interactions of Trask and compared with lung cancer variants in situ. The intracellular domain of Trask has the ability to undergo tyrosine phosphorylation and thereafter undergo increased genomic expression, as well as interact with cytoskeletal proteins in the cell periphery and other local signal transduction machinery to induce invadopodia formation and distant metastasis. We incorporated proximity ligation assay to examine protein interactions of Trask in metastatic lung cancer tissues and compare with advanced and low-grade lung cancers restricted to the primary site of origins. Here, we provide direct evidence that activated Trask, which is a phosphorylated form, binds with cytoskeletal proteins actin and spectrin. These interactions were not seen in locally growing lung cancer and cancer in situ. These interactions may be responsible for invadopodia formation and breaking free from a multicellular environment. Functional studies demonstrated interaction between Trask and the STOCs Orai1 and Stim1. Calcium release from internal stores was highest in metastatic lung cancers, suggesting this mechanism as an initial stimulus for the cells to respond chaotically to external growth factor stimulation, especially in aggressive metastatic variants of lung cancers. Recently, inhibitors of STOCs have been identified, and preclinical evidence may be obtained whether these drugs may be of benefit in preventing the deadly consequences of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256, Youyi West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China,
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23
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Sawada G, Takahashi Y, Niida A, Shimamura T, Kurashige J, Matsumura T, Ueo H, Uchi R, Takano Y, Ueda M, Hirata H, Sakimura S, Shinden Y, Eguchi H, Sudo T, Sugimachi K, Miyano S, Doki Y, Mori M, Mimori K. Loss of CDCP1 expression promotes invasiveness and poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21 Suppl 4:S640-7. [PMID: 24849519 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-3740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human CDCP1 gene, located on chromosome 3p21.3, is a transmembrane glycoprotein widely expressed in epithelial tissues, and its role in cancer remains to be understood. METHODS Using microarray profiles of gene expression and copy number data from 69 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) samples, we performed informatics analyses to reveal the significance of CDCP1 expression. We also performed migration and invasion assays of siRNA-targeted CDCP1-transfected cells and CDCP1-overexpressing cell in vitro. Moreover, we evaluated the clinical magnitude of CDCP1 expression in esophageal squamous cell cancer cases. RESULTS Allelic loss of chromosome 3p was confirmed by copy number analysis. The expression level of CDCP1 in tumor tissue was significantly lower than that in corresponding normal tissue. siRNA targeting of CDCP1 promoted the migratory and invasive abilities of esophageal cancer cell lines, whereas both abilities were reduced in CDCP1-overexpressing cells. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that expression levels of CDCP1 were associated with tumor differentiation and metastasis, consistent with the result of clinicopathologic analyses. Finally, multivariate analysis revealed that the expression level of CDCP1 was an independent prognostic factor for survival. CONCLUSIONS Loss of CDCP1 expression may be a novel indicator for biological aggressiveness in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genta Sawada
- Department of Surgery, Beppu Hospital, Kyushu University, Beppu, Japan
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24
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Rb1 family mutation is sufficient for sarcoma initiation. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2650. [PMID: 24150016 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is thought that genomic instability precipitated by Rb1 pathway loss rapidly triggers additional cancer gene mutations, accounting for rapid tumour onset following Rb1 mutation. However, recent whole-genome sequencing of retinoblastomas demonstrated little genomic instability, but instead suggested rapid epigenetic activation of cancer genes. These results raise the possibility that loss of the Rb1 pathway, which is a hallmark of cancers, might be sufficient for cancer initiation. Yet, mutation of the Rb1 family or inactivation of the Rb1 pathway in primary cells has proven insufficient for tumour initiation. Here we demonstrate that traditional nude mouse assays impose an artificial anoikis and proliferation barrier that prevents Rb1 family mutant fibroblasts from initiating tumours. By circumventing this barrier, we show that primary fibroblasts with only an Rb1 family mutation efficiently form sarcomas in nude mice, and a Ras-ZEB1-Akt pathway then causes transition of these tumours to an invasive phenotype.
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