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Alshehri AM, Wilson OC. Biomimetic Hydrogel Strategies for Cancer Therapy. Gels 2024; 10:437. [PMID: 39057460 PMCID: PMC11275631 DOI: 10.3390/gels10070437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in biomimetic hydrogel research have expanded the scope of biomedical technologies that can be used to model, diagnose, and treat a wide range of medical conditions. Cancer presents one of the most intractable challenges in this arena due to the surreptitious mechanisms that it employs to evade detection and treatment. In order to address these challenges, biomimetic design principles can be adapted to beat cancer at its own game. Biomimetic design strategies are inspired by natural biological systems and offer promising opportunities for developing life-changing methods to model, detect, diagnose, treat, and cure various types of static and metastatic cancers. In particular, focusing on the cellular and subcellular phenomena that serve as fundamental drivers for the peculiar behavioral traits of cancer can provide rich insights into eradicating cancer in all of its manifestations. This review highlights promising developments in biomimetic nanocomposite hydrogels that contribute to cancer therapies via enhanced drug delivery strategies and modeling cancer mechanobiology phenomena in relation to metastasis and synergistic sensing systems. Creative efforts to amplify biomimetic design research to advance the development of more effective cancer therapies will be discussed in alignment with international collaborative goals to cure cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awatef M. Alshehri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Department of Nanomedicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdelaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Otto C. Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
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2
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Cui Y, Lee P, Reardon JJ, Wang A, Lynch S, Otero JJ, Sizemore G, Winter JO. Evaluating glioblastoma tumour sphere growth and migration in interaction with astrocytes using 3D collagen-hyaluronic acid hydrogels. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:5442-5459. [PMID: 37159233 PMCID: PMC10330682 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00066d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is an astrocytic brain tumour with a low survival rate, partly because of its highly invasive nature. The GB tumour microenvironment (TME) includes its extracellular matrix (ECM), a variety of brain cell types, unique anatomical structures, and local mechanical cues. As such, researchers have attempted to create biomaterials and culture models that mimic features of TME complexity. Hydrogel materials have been particularly popular because they enable 3D cell culture and mimic TME mechanical properites and chemical composition. Here, we used a 3D collagen I-hyaluronic acid hydrogel material to explore interactions between GB cells and astrocytes, the normal cell type from which GB likely derives. We demonstrate three different spheroid culture configurations, including GB multi-spheres (i.e., GB and astrocyte cells in spheroid co-culture), GB-only mono-spheres cultured with astrocyte-conditioned media, and GB-only mono-spheres cultured with dispersed live or fixed astrocytes. Using U87 and LN229 GB cell lines and primary human astrocytes, we investigated material and experiment variability. We then used time-lapse fluorescence microscopy to measure invasive potential by characterizing the sphere size, migration capacity, and weight-averaged migration distance in these hydrogels. Finally, we developed methods to extract RNA for gene expression analysis from cells cultured in hydrogels. U87 and LN229 cells displayed different migration behaviors. U87 migration occurred primarily as single cells and was reduced with higher numbers of astrocytes in both multi-sphere and mono-sphere plus dispersed astrocyte cultures. In contrast, LN229 migration exhibited features of collective migration and was increased in monosphere plus dispersed astrocyte cultures. Gene expression studies indicated that the most differentially expressed genes in these co-cultures were CA9, HLA-DQA1, TMPRSS2, FPR1, OAS2, and KLRD1. Most differentially expressed genes were related to immune response, inflammation, and cytokine signalling, with greater influence on U87 than LN229. These data show that 3D in vitro hydrogel co-culture models can be used to reveal cell line specific differences in migration and to study differential GB-astrocyte crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Paul Lee
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jesse J Reardon
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anna Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Skylar Lynch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jose J Otero
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gina Sizemore
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jessica O Winter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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3D Bone Morphology Alters Gene Expression, Motility, and Drug Responses in Bone Metastatic Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186913. [PMID: 32967150 PMCID: PMC7555977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced skeletal metastases arising from primary cancers including breast, lung, and prostate suffer from extreme pain, bone loss, and frequent fractures. While the importance of interactions between bone and tumors is well-established, our understanding of complex cell–cell and cell–microenvironment interactions remains limited in part due to a lack of appropriate 3D bone models. To improve our understanding of the influence of bone morphometric properties on the regulation of tumor-induced bone disease (TIBD), we utilized bone-like 3D scaffolds in vitro and in vivo. Scaffolds were seeded with tumor cells, and changes in cell motility, proliferation, and gene expression were measured. Genes associated with TIBD significantly increased with increasing scaffold rigidity. Drug response differed when tumors were cultured in 3D compared to 2D. Inhibitors for Integrin β3 and TGF-β Receptor II significantly reduced bone-metastatic gene expression in 2D but not 3D, while treatment with the Gli antagonist GANT58 significantly reduced gene expression in both 2D and 3D. When tumor-seeded 3D scaffolds were implanted into mice, infiltration of myeloid progenitors changed in response to pore size and rigidity. This study demonstrates a versatile 3D model of bone used to study the influence of mechanical and morphometric properties of bone on TIBD.
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Komez A, Buyuksungur A, Antmen E, Swieszkowski W, Hasirci N, Hasirci V. A two-compartment bone tumor model to investigate interactions between healthy and tumor cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 15:035007. [PMID: 31935707 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab6b31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We produced a novel three-dimensional (3D) bone tumor model (BTM) to study the interactions between healthy and tumor cells in a tumor microenvironment, the migration tendency of the tumor cells, and the efficacy of an anticancer drug, Doxorubicin, on the cancer cells. The model consisted of two compartments: (a) a healthy bone tissue mimic, made of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) sponge seeded with human fetal osteoblastic cells (hFOB) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and (b) a tumor mimic, made of lyophilized collagen sponge seeded with human osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2). The tumor mimic component was placed into a central cavity created in the healthy bone mimic and together they constituted the complete 3D bone tumor model (3D-BTM). The porosities of both sponges were higher than 85% and the diameters of the pores were 199 ± 52 μm for the PLGA/TCP and 50-150 μm for the collagen scaffolds. The compression Young's modulus of the PLGA/TCP and the collagen sponges were determined to be 4.76 MPa and 140 kPa, respectively. Cell proliferation, morphology, calcium phosphate forming capacity and alkaline phosphatase production were studied separately on both the healthy and tumor mimics. All cells demonstrated cellular extensions and spread well in porous scaffolds indicating good cell-material interactions. Confocal microscopy analysis showed direct contact between the cells present in different parts of the 3D-BTM. Migration of HUVECs from the healthy bone mimic to the tumor compartment was confirmed by the increase in the levels of angiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, and interleukin 8 in the tumor component. Doxorubicin (2.7 μg.ml-1) administered to the 3D-BTM caused a seven-fold decrease in the cell number after 24 h of interaction with the anticancer drug. Caspase-3 enzyme activity assay results demonstrated apoptosis of the osteosarcoma cells. This novel 3D-BTM has a high potential for use in studying the metastatic capabilities of cancer cells, and in determining the effective drug types and combinations for personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Komez
- Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara, 06800, Turkey. BIOMATEN, METU Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
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5
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Fairfield H, Falank C, Farrell M, Vary C, Boucher JM, Driscoll H, Liaw L, Rosen CJ, Reagan MR. Development of a 3D bone marrow adipose tissue model. Bone 2019; 118:77-88. [PMID: 29366838 PMCID: PMC6062483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past twenty years, evidence has accumulated that biochemically and spatially defined networks of extracellular matrix, cellular components, and interactions dictate cellular differentiation, proliferation, and function in a variety of tissue and diseases. Modeling in vivo systems in vitro has been undeniably necessary, but when simplified 2D conditions rather than 3D in vitro models are used, the reliability and usefulness of the data derived from these models decreases. Thus, there is a pressing need to develop and validate reliable in vitro models to reproduce specific tissue-like structures and mimic functions and responses of cells in a more realistic manner for both drug screening/disease modeling and tissue regeneration applications. In adipose biology and cancer research, these models serve as physiologically relevant 3D platforms to bridge the divide between 2D cultures and in vivo models, bringing about more reliable and translationally useful data to accelerate benchtop to bedside research. Currently, no model has been developed for bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT), a novel adipose depot that has previously been overlooked as "filler tissue" but has more recently been recognized as endocrine-signaling and systemically relevant. Herein we describe the development of the first 3D, BMAT model derived from either human or mouse bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). We found that BMAT models can be stably cultured for at least 3 months in vitro, and that myeloma cells (5TGM1, OPM2 and MM1S cells) can be cultured on these for at least 2 weeks. Upon tumor cell co-culture, delipidation occurred in BMAT adipocytes, suggesting a bidirectional relationship between these two important cell types in the malignant BM niche. Overall, our studies suggest that 3D BMAT represents a "healthier," more realistic tissue model that may be useful for elucidating the effects of MAT on tumor cells, and tumor cells on MAT, to identify novel therapeutic targets. In addition, proteomic characterization as well as microarray data (expression of >22,000 genes) coupled with KEGG pathway analysis and gene set expression analysis (GSEA) supported our development of less-inflammatory 3D BMAT compared to 2D culture. In sum, we developed the first 3D, tissue-engineered bone marrow adipose tissue model, which is a versatile, novel model that can be used to study numerous diseases and biological processes involved with the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Fairfield
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA; University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Carolyne Falank
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA; University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Mariah Farrell
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA; University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Calvin Vary
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA; University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Joshua M Boucher
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA; University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Heather Driscoll
- Vermont Genetics Network, Department of Biology, Norwich University, 158 Harmon Drive, Northfield, VT 05663, USA
| | - Lucy Liaw
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA; University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Clifford J Rosen
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA; University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Michaela R Reagan
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA; University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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6
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Li B, Wang F, Gui L, He Q, Yao Y, Chen H. The potential of biomimetic nanoparticles for tumor-targeted drug delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:2099-2118. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington WA 98195, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lijuan Gui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Qing He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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Braham MVJ, Minnema MC, Aarts T, Sebestyen Z, Straetemans T, Vyborova A, Kuball J, Öner FC, Robin C, Alblas J. Cellular immunotherapy on primary multiple myeloma expanded in a 3D bone marrow niche model. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1434465. [PMID: 29872571 PMCID: PMC5980416 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1434465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow niches support multiple myeloma, providing signals and cell-cell interactions essential for disease progression. A 3D bone marrow niche model was developed, in which supportive multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and their osteogenic derivatives were co-cultured with endothelial progenitor cells. These co-cultured cells formed networks within the 3D culture, facilitating the survival and proliferation of primary CD138+ myeloma cells for up to 28 days. During this culture, no genetic drift was observed within the genomic profile of the primary myeloma cells, indicating a stable outgrowth of the cultured CD138+ population. The 3D bone marrow niche model enabled testing of a novel class of engineered immune cells, so called TEGs (αβT cells engineered to express a defined γδTCR) on primary myeloma cells. TEGs were engineered and tested from both healthy donors and myeloma patients. The added TEGs were capable of migrating through the 3D culture, exerting a killing response towards the primary myeloma cells in 6 out of 8 donor samples after both 24 and 48 hours. Such a killing response was not observed when adding mock transduced T cells. No differences were observed comparing allogeneic and autologous therapy. The supporting stromal microenvironment was unaffected in all conditions after 48 hours. When adding TEG therapy, the 3D model surpassed 2D models in many aspects by enabling analyses of specific homing, and both on- and off-target effects, preparing the ground for the clinical testing of TEGs. The model allows studying novel immunotherapies, therapy resistance mechanisms and possible side-effects for this incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike V. J. Braham
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique C. Minnema
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tineke Aarts
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Zsolt Sebestyen
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Straetemans
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Vyborova
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Kuball
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F. Cumhur Öner
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine Robin
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Alblas
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Vanderburgh J, Fernando S, Merkel A, Sterling J, Guelcher S. Fabrication of Trabecular Bone-Templated Tissue-Engineered Constructs by 3D Inkjet Printing. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6:10.1002/adhm.201700369. [PMID: 28892261 PMCID: PMC5815519 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
3D printing enables the creation of scaffolds with precisely controlled morphometric properties for multiple tissue types, including musculoskeletal tissues such as cartilage and bone. Computed tomography (CT) imaging has been combined with 3D printing to fabricate anatomically scaled patient-specific scaffolds for bone regeneration. However, anatomically scaled scaffolds typically lack sufficient resolution to recapitulate the <100 micrometer-scale trabecular architecture essential for investigating the cellular response to the morphometric properties of bone. In this study, it is hypothesized that the architecture of trabecular bone regulates osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. To test this hypothesis, human bone-templated 3D constructs are fabricated via a new micro-CT/3D inkjet printing process. It is shown that this process reproducibly fabricates bone-templated constructs that recapitulate the anatomic site-specific morphometric properties of trabecular bone. A significant correlation is observed between the structure model index (a morphometric parameter related to surface curvature) and the degree of mineralization of human mesenchymal stem cells, with more concave surfaces promoting more extensive osteoblast differentiation and mineralization compared to predominately convex surfaces. These findings highlight the significant effects of trabecular architecture on osteoblast function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Vanderburgh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Shanik Fernando
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Alyssa Merkel
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (VISN 9), Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Julie Sterling
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (VISN 9), Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Scott Guelcher
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Kwakwa KA, Vanderburgh JP, Guelcher SA, Sterling JA. Engineering 3D Models of Tumors and Bone to Understand Tumor-Induced Bone Disease and Improve Treatments. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2017; 15:247-254. [PMID: 28646444 PMCID: PMC5960271 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-017-0385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bone is a structurally unique microenvironment that presents many challenges for the development of 3D models for studying bone physiology and diseases, including cancer. As researchers continue to investigate the interactions within the bone microenvironment, the development of 3D models of bone has become critical. RECENT FINDINGS 3D models have been developed that replicate some properties of bone, but have not fully reproduced the complex structural and cellular composition of the bone microenvironment. This review will discuss 3D models including polyurethane, silk, and collagen scaffolds that have been developed to study tumor-induced bone disease. In addition, we discuss 3D printing techniques used to better replicate the structure of bone. 3D models that better replicate the bone microenvironment will help researchers better understand the dynamic interactions between tumors and the bone microenvironment, ultimately leading to better models for testing therapeutics and predicting patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin A Kwakwa
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave, 1235 MRBIV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Joseph P Vanderburgh
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave, 1235 MRBIV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Scott A Guelcher
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave, 1235 MRBIV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Julie A Sterling
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215B Garland Ave, 1235 MRBIV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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10
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Villasante A, Marturano-Kruik A, Robinson ST, Liu Z, Guo XE, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Tissue-Engineered Model of Human Osteolytic Bone Tumor. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 23:98-107. [PMID: 28068876 PMCID: PMC5314970 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2016.0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a poorly differentiated pediatric tumor of aggressive behavior characterized by propensity to metastasize to bone. Interactions between the tumor and bone cells orchestrate a vicious cycle in which tumor cells induce osteoclast differentiation and activation to cause osteolytic lesions, broken bones, pain, and hypercalcemia. The lack of controllable models that can recapitulate osteolysis in ES impedes the development of new therapies and limits our understanding of how tumor cells invade bone. In response to this need, tissue-engineered models are now being developed to enable quantitative, predictive studies of human tumors. In this study, we report a novel bioengineered model of ES that incorporates the osteolytic process. Our strategy is based on engineering human bone containing both osteoclasts and osteoblasts within three-dimensional mineralized bone matrix. We show that the bone matrix is resorbed by mature osteoclasts while the new bone matrix is formed by osteoblasts, leading to calcium release and bone remodeling. Introduction of ES cell aggregates into the bone niche induced decreases in bone density, connectivity, and matrix deposition. Additionally, therapeutic reagents, such as zoledronic acid, which have demonstrated efficacy in ES treatment, inhibited bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts in the tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranzazu Villasante
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Alessandro Marturano-Kruik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta,” Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuel T. Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Zen Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - X. Edward Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
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11
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Albritton JL, Miller JS. 3D bioprinting: improving in vitro models of metastasis with heterogeneous tumor microenvironments. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:3-14. [PMID: 28067628 PMCID: PMC5278522 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.025049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Even with many advances in treatment over the past decades, cancer still remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the recognized relationship between metastasis and increased mortality rate, surprisingly little is known about the exact mechanism of metastatic progression. Currently available in vitro models cannot replicate the three-dimensionality and heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment sufficiently to recapitulate many of the known characteristics of tumors in vivo Our understanding of metastatic progression would thus be boosted by the development of in vitro models that could more completely capture the salient features of cancer biology. Bioengineering groups have been working for over two decades to create in vitro microenvironments for application in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Over this time, advances in 3D printing technology and biomaterials research have jointly led to the creation of 3D bioprinting, which has improved our ability to develop in vitro models with complexity approaching that of the in vivo tumor microenvironment. In this Review, we give an overview of 3D bioprinting methods developed for tissue engineering, which can be directly applied to constructing in vitro models of heterogeneous tumor microenvironments. We discuss considerations and limitations associated with 3D printing and highlight how these advances could be harnessed to better model metastasis and potentially guide the development of anti-cancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L Albritton
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Jordan S Miller
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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12
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Vanderburgh J, Sterling JA, Guelcher SA. 3D Printing of Tissue Engineered Constructs for In Vitro Modeling of Disease Progression and Drug Screening. Ann Biomed Eng 2017; 45:164-179. [PMID: 27169894 PMCID: PMC5106334 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1640-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
2D cell culture and preclinical animal models have traditionally been implemented for investigating the underlying cellular mechanisms of human disease progression. However, the increasing significance of 3D vs. 2D cell culture has initiated a new era in cell culture research in which 3D in vitro models are emerging as a bridge between traditional 2D cell culture and in vivo animal models. Additive manufacturing (AM, also known as 3D printing), defined as the layer-by-layer fabrication of parts directed by digital information from a 3D computer-aided design file, offers the advantages of simultaneous rapid prototyping and biofunctionalization as well as the precise placement of cells and extracellular matrix with high resolution. In this review, we highlight recent advances in 3D printing of tissue engineered constructs that recapitulate the physical and cellular properties of the tissue microenvironment for investigating mechanisms of disease progression and for screening drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Vanderburgh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351604, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Julie A Sterling
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, 1235 MRB IV, 2222 Pierce Ave, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Scott A Guelcher
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351604, 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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13
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Clark AM, Wheeler SE, Young CL, Stockdale L, Shepard Neiman J, Zhao W, Stolz DB, Venkataramanan R, Lauffenburger D, Griffith L, Wells A. A liver microphysiological system of tumor cell dormancy and inflammatory responsiveness is affected by scaffold properties. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 17:156-168. [PMID: 27910972 PMCID: PMC5242229 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01171c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Distant metastasis is the major cause of breast cancer-related mortality, commonly emerging clinically after 5 or more years of seeming 'cure' of the primary tumor, indicating a quiescent dormancy. The lack of relevant accessible model systems for metastasis that recreate this latent stage has hindered our understanding of the molecular basis and the development of therapies against these lethal outgrowths. We previously reported on the development of an all-human 3D ex vivo hepatic microphysiological system that reproduces several features of liver physiology and enables spontaneous dormancy in a subpopulation of breast cancer cells. However, we observed that the dormant cells were localized primarily within the 3D tissue, while the proliferative cells were in contact with the polystyrene scaffold. As matrix stiffness is known to drive inflammatory and malignant behaviors, we explored the occurrence of spontaneous tumor dormancy and inflammatory phenotype. The microphysiological system was retrofitted with PEGDa-SynKRGD hydrogel scaffolding, which is softer and differs in the interface with the tissue. The microphysiological system incorporated donor-matched primary human hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells (NPCs), with MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Hepatic tissue in hydrogel scaffolds secreted lower levels of pro-inflammatory analytes, and was more responsive to inflammatory stimuli. The proportion of tumor cells entering dormancy was markedly increased in the hydrogel-supported tissue compared to polystyrene. Interestingly, an unexpected differential response of dormant cells to varying chemotherapeutic doses was identified, which if reflective of patient pathophysiology, has important implications for patient dosing regimens. These findings highlight the metastatic microphysiological system fitted with hydrogel scaffolds as a critical tool in the assessment and development of therapeutic strategies to target dormant metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Clark
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S711 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - S E Wheeler
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S711 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - C L Young
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - L Stockdale
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Shepard Neiman
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - W Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D B Stolz
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S711 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. and Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA and McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R Venkataramanan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S711 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - L Griffith
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S711 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. and Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA and Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA and McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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14
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Wang Y, Wang C, Ding Y, Li J, Li M, Liang X, Zhou J, Wang W. Biomimetic HDL nanoparticle mediated tumor targeted delivery of indocyanine green for enhanced photodynamic therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 148:533-540. [PMID: 27690242 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. To ensure the efficient delivery of a photosensitizer to tumor for anticancer effect, a safe and tumor-specific delivery system is highly desirable. Herein, we introduce a novel biomimetic nanoparticle named rHDL/ICG (rHDL/I), by loading amphiphilic near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) into reconstituted high density lipoproteins (rHDL). In this system, rHDL can mediate photoprotection effect and receptor-guided tumor-targeting transportation of cargos into cells. Upon NIR irradiation, ICG can generate fluorescent imaging signals for diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic activity, and produce singlet oxygen to trigger photodynamic therapy (PDT). Our studies demonstrated that rHDL/I exhibited excellent size and fluorescence stability, light-triggered controlled release feature, and neglectable hemolytic activity. It also showed equivalent NIR response compared to free ICG under laser irradiation. Importantly, the fluorescent signal of ICG loaded in rHDL/I could be visualized subcellularly in vitro and exhibited metabolic distribution in vivo, presenting superior tumor targeting and internalization. This NIR-triggered image-guided nanoparticle produced outstanding therapeutic outcomes against cancer cells, demonstrating great potential of biomimetic delivery vehicles in future clinical practice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomimetic Materials/administration & dosage
- Biomimetic Materials/chemistry
- Biomimetic Materials/pharmacokinetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Drug Delivery Systems/methods
- Drug Liberation
- Drug Stability
- Female
- Hemolysis/drug effects
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Indocyanine Green/administration & dosage
- Indocyanine Green/chemistry
- Indocyanine Green/pharmacokinetics
- Infrared Rays
- Lipoproteins, HDL/administration & dosage
- Lipoproteins, HDL/chemistry
- Lipoproteins, HDL/pharmacokinetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Nanoparticles/administration & dosage
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Nanoparticles/ultrastructure
- Photochemotherapy/methods
- Rabbits
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Transplantation, Heterologous
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing Li
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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15
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Wittmann K, Fischbach C. Contextual Control of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Function: Implications for Engineered Tumor Models. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 3:1483-1493. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Wittmann
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical
Engineering and ‡Kavli Institute
at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Claudia Fischbach
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical
Engineering and ‡Kavli Institute
at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
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16
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Kashaninejad N, Nikmaneshi MR, Moghadas H, Kiyoumarsi Oskouei A, Rismanian M, Barisam M, Saidi MS, Firoozabadi B. Organ-Tumor-on-a-Chip for Chemosensitivity Assay: A Critical Review. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:mi7080130. [PMID: 30404302 PMCID: PMC6190381 DOI: 10.3390/mi7080130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
With a mortality rate over 580,000 per year, cancer is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. However, the emerging field of microfluidics can potentially shed light on this puzzling disease. Unique characteristics of microfluidic chips (also known as micro-total analysis system) make them excellent candidates for biological applications. The ex vivo approach of tumor-on-a-chip is becoming an indispensable part of personalized medicine and can replace in vivo animal testing as well as conventional in vitro methods. In tumor-on-a-chip, the complex three-dimensional (3D) nature of malignant tumor is co-cultured on a microfluidic chip and high throughput screening tools to evaluate the efficacy of anticancer drugs are integrated on the same chip. In this article, we critically review the cutting edge advances in this field and mainly categorize each tumor-on-a-chip work based on its primary organ. Specifically, design, fabrication and characterization of tumor microenvironment; cell culture technique; transferring mechanism of cultured cells into the microchip; concentration gradient generators for drug delivery; in vitro screening assays of drug efficacy; and pros and cons of each microfluidic platform used in the recent literature will be discussed separately for the tumor of following organs: (1) Lung; (2) Bone marrow; (3) Brain; (4) Breast; (5) Urinary system (kidney, bladder and prostate); (6) Intestine; and (7) Liver. By comparing these microchips, we intend to demonstrate the unique design considerations of each tumor-on-a-chip based on primary organ, e.g., how microfluidic platform of lung-tumor-on-a-chip may differ from liver-tumor-on-a-chip. In addition, the importance of heart–liver–intestine co-culture with microvasculature in tumor-on-a-chip devices for in vitro chemosensitivity assay will be discussed. Such system would be able to completely evaluate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) of anticancer drugs and more realistically recapitulate tumor in vivo-like microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Kashaninejad
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11155-9567 Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Hajar Moghadas
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11155-9567 Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Milad Rismanian
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11155-9567 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Barisam
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11155-9567 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Said Saidi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11155-9567 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahar Firoozabadi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11155-9567 Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Villasante A, Marturano-Kruik A, Ambati SR, Liu Z, Godier-Furnemont A, Parsa H, Lee BW, Moore MA, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Recapitulating the Size and Cargo of Tumor Exosomes in a Tissue-Engineered Model. Theranostics 2016; 6:1119-30. [PMID: 27279906 PMCID: PMC4893640 DOI: 10.7150/thno.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the pivotal role of exosomes in cancer and in their use as biomarkers. However, despite the importance of the microenvironment for cancer initiation and progression, monolayer cultures of tumor cells still represent the main in vitro source of exosomes. As a result, their environmental regulation remains largely unknown. Here, we report a three-dimensional tumor model for studying exosomes, using Ewing's sarcoma type 1 as a clinically relevant example. The bioengineered model was designed based on the hypothesis that the 3-dimensionality, composition and stiffness of the tumor matrix are the critical determinants of the size and cargo of exosomes released by the cancer cells. We analyzed the effects of the tumor microenvironment on exosomes, and the effects of exosomes on the non-cancer cells from the bone niche. Exosomes from the tissue-engineered tumor had similar size distribution as those in the patients' plasma, and were markedly smaller than those in monolayer cultures. Bioengineered tumors and the patients' plasma contained high levels of the Polycomb histone methyltransferase EZH2 mRNA relatively to their monolayer counterparts. Notably, EZH2 mRNA, a potential tumor biomarker detectable in blood plasma, could be transferred to the surrounding mesenchymal stem cells. This study provides the first evidence that an in vitro culture environment can recapitulate some properties of tumor exosomes.
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18
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Guo R, Lu S, Page JM, Merkel AR, Basu S, Sterling JA, Guelcher SA. Fabrication of 3D Scaffolds with Precisely Controlled Substrate Modulus and Pore Size by Templated-Fused Deposition Modeling to Direct Osteogenic Differentiation. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1826-32. [PMID: 26121662 PMCID: PMC4558627 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolds with tunable mechanical and topological properties fabricated by templated-fused deposition modeling promote increased osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells with increasing substrate modulus and decreasing pore size. These findings guide the rational design of cell-responsive scaffolds that recapitulate the bone microenvironment for repair of bone damaged by trauma or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijing Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sichang Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Page
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alyssa R. Merkel
- Department of Veterans Affairs: Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA. Center for Bone Biology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, and Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | | | - Julie A. Sterling
- Department of Veterans Affairs: Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA. Center for Bone Biology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, and Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Scott A. Guelcher
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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19
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Flow perfusion effects on three-dimensional culture and drug sensitivity of Ewing sarcoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:10304-9. [PMID: 26240353 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1506684112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional tumor models accurately describe different aspects of the tumor microenvironment and are readily available for mechanistic studies of tumor biology and for drug screening. Nevertheless, these systems often overlook biomechanical stimulation, another fundamental driver of tumor progression. To address this issue, we cultured Ewing sarcoma (ES) cells on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) 3D scaffolds within a flow perfusion bioreactor. Flow-derived shear stress provided a physiologically relevant mechanical stimulation that significantly promoted insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) production and elicited a superadditive release in the presence of exogenous IGF1. This finding is particularly relevant, given the central role of the IGF1/IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) pathway in ES tumorigenesis and as a promising clinical target. Additionally, flow perfusion enhanced in a rate-dependent manner the sensitivity of ES cells to IGF-1R inhibitor dalotuzumab (MK-0646) and showed shear stress-dependent resistance to the IGF-1R blockade. This study demonstrates shear stress-dependent ES cell sensitivity to dalotuzumab, highlighting the importance of biomechanical stimulation on ES-acquired drug resistance to IGF-1R inhibition. Furthermore, flow perfusion increased nutrient supply throughout the scaffold, enriching ES culture over static conditions. Our use of a tissue-engineered model, rather than human tumors or xenografts, enabled precise control of the forces experienced by ES cells, and therefore provided at least one explanation for the remarkable antineoplastic effects observed by some ES tumor patients from IGF-1R targeted therapies, in contrast to the lackluster effect observed in cells grown in conventional monolayer culture.
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20
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Tapias LF, Gilpin SE, Ren X, Wei L, Fuchs BC, Tanabe KK, Lanuti M, Ott HC. Assessment of Proliferation and Cytotoxicity in a Biomimetic Three-Dimensional Model of Lung Cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2015; 100:414-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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The National Cancer Institute’s Efforts in Promoting Research in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer J 2015. [DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Giussani M, De Maria C, Michele V, Montemurro F, Triulzi T, Tagliabue E, Gelfi C, Vozzig G. Biomimicking of the Breast Tumor Microenvironment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40610-015-0014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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