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Grommisch D, Wang M, Eenjes E, Svetličič M, Deng Q, Giselsson P, Genander M. Defining the contribution of Troy-positive progenitor cells to the mouse esophageal epithelium. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1269-1283.e6. [PMID: 38565145 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Progenitor cells adapt their behavior in response to tissue demands. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling esophageal progenitor decisions remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate the presence of a Troy (Tnfrsf19)-expressing progenitor subpopulation localized to defined regions along the mouse esophageal axis. Lineage tracing and mathematical modeling demonstrate that Troy-positive progenitor cells are prone to undergoing symmetrical fate choices and contribute to esophageal tissue homeostasis long term. Functionally, TROY inhibits progenitor proliferation and enables commitment to differentiation without affecting fate symmetry. Whereas Troy expression is stable during esophageal homeostasis, progenitor cells downregulate Troy in response to tissue stress, enabling proliferative expansion of basal cells refractory to differentiation and reestablishment of tissue homeostasis. Our results demonstrate functional, spatially restricted progenitor heterogeneity in the esophageal epithelium and identify how dynamic regulation of Troy coordinates tissue generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Grommisch
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Menghan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Evelien Eenjes
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Maja Svetličič
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Qiaolin Deng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Maria Genander
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
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2
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Liu Z, Yu L, Lai J, Zhang R. Decoding the molecular landscape: A novel prognostic signature for uveal melanoma unveiled through programmed cell death-associated genes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38021. [PMID: 38701273 PMCID: PMC11062707 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare but aggressive malignant ocular tumor with a high metastatic potential and limited therapeutic options, currently lacking accurate prognostic predictors and effective individualized treatment strategies. Public databases were utilized to analyze the prognostic relevance of programmed cell death-related genes (PCDRGs) in UM transcriptomes and survival data. Consensus clustering and Lasso Cox regression analysis were performed for molecular subtyping and risk feature construction. The PCDRG-derived index (PCDI) was evaluated for its association with clinicopathological features, gene expression, drug sensitivity, and immune infiltration. A total of 369 prognostic PCDRGs were identified, which could cluster UM into 2 molecular subtypes with significant differences in prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics. Furthermore, a risk feature PCDI composed of 11 PCDRGs was constructed, capable of indicating prognosis in UM patients. Additionally, PCDI exhibited correlations with the sensitivity to 25 drugs and the infiltration of various immune cells. Enrichment analysis revealed that PCDI was associated with immune regulation-related biological processes and pathways. Finally, a nomogram for prognostic assessment of UM patients was developed based on PCDI and gender, demonstrating excellent performance. This study elucidated the potential value of PCDRGs in prognostic assessment for UM and developed a corresponding risk feature. However, further basic and clinical studies are warranted to validate the functions and mechanisms of PCDRGs in UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Hangzhou Linping TCM Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zuo X, Wang X, Ma T, Chen S, Cao P, Cheng H, Yang N, Han X, Gao W, Liu X, Sun Y. TNFRSF19 within the 13q12.12 Risk Locus Functions as a Lung Cancer Suppressor by Binding Wnt3a to Inhibit Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:227-239. [PMID: 38047807 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer risk loci provide special clues for uncovering pathogenesis of cancers. The TNFRSF19 gene located within the 13q12.12 lung cancer risk locus encodes TNF receptor superfamily member 19 (TNFRSF19) protein and has been proved to be a key target gene of a lung tissue-specific tumor suppressive enhancer, but its functional role in lung cancer pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Here we showed that the TNFRSF19 gene could protect human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells from pulmonary carcinogen nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK)-induced malignant transformation. Knockout of the TNFRSF19 significantly increased NNK-induced colony formation rate on soft agar. Moreover, TNFRSF19 expression was significantly reduced in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Restoration of TNFRSF19 expression in A549 lung cancer cell line dramatically suppressed the tumor formation in xenograft mouse model. Interestingly, the TNFRSF19 protein that is an orphan membrane receptor could compete with LRP6 to bind Wnt3a, thereby inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that is required for NNK-induced malignant transformation as indicated by protein pulldown, site mutation, and fluorescence energy resonance transfer experiments. Knockout of the TNFRSF19 enhanced LRP6-Wnt3a interaction, promoting β-catenin nucleus translocation and the downstream target gene expression, and thus sensitized the cells to NNK carcinogen. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the TNFRSF19 inhibited lung cancer carcinogenesis by competing with LRP6 to combine with Wnt3a to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. IMPLICATIONS These findings revealed a novel anti-lung cancer mechanism, highlighting the special significance of TNFRSF19 gene within the 13q12.12 risk locus in lung cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xuchun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Tingzheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Shuhan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - He Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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4
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Liu S, Tian Y, Liu C, Gui Z, Yu T, Zhang L. TNFRSF19 promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced paraptosis via the activation of the MAPK pathway in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:217-227. [PMID: 37990061 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
TNFRSF19 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, and its function exhibits variability among different types of cancers. The influence of TNFRSF19 on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has yet to be definitively established. In this study, bioinformatics analyses revealed that lower TNFRSF19 was associated with the poorer prognosis, higher lymph node metastasis and lower immune infiltration. Subsequently, data obtained from the TCGA database and collection of tissue samples revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of TNFRSF19 were observed to be significantly reduced in TNBC tissue compared to normal tissue. Additionally, the results of in vitro experiments have demonstrated that TNFRSF19 possessed the ability to inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasive capabilities of TNBC cells. In vivo trials elucidated that TNFRSF19 could suppress tumor xenografts growth. Mechanistically, TNFRSF19 initiated caspase-independent cell death and induced paraptosis. Moreover, rescue assays demonstrated that TNFRSF19 induced-paraptosis was facilitated by MAPK pathway-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that the upregulation of TNFRSF19 functioned as a tumor suppressor in TNBC by stimulating paraptosis through the activation of the MAPK pathway-mediated ER stress, highlighting its potential to be a new therapeutic target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Chenguang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Zhengwei Gui
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Tianyao Yu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China.
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Yao S, Xiao H, Wei C, Chen S. ANKRD2 expression combined with TNFRSF19 expression for evaluating the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24091. [PMID: 38234906 PMCID: PMC10792581 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective As an important chemotherapy drug, cisplatin has been widely used in the treatment of many cancers. However, many patients, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, experience unacceptable outcomes from cisplatin treatment. Thus, we devised a risk model for predicting the sensitivity of OSCC patients to cisplatin treatment, to provide a reference for clinical practice. Methods CAL-27 and SCC-9 cell lines treated or not with cisplatin and data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were screened for simultaneously and significantly differentially expressed genes. Next, we built a risk model for predicting cisplatin sensitivity in OSCC patients. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), pathological samples and clinical data were used to examine the reliability of the model. Results ANKRD2 and TNFRSF19 were differentially expressed between the OSCC metastasis cell line HSC-3 treated and not treated with cisplatin, as well as between the OSCC cell line SCC-25 and the cell line SCC25-DDP, which has cisplatin chemoresistance. We found that the expression of ANKRD2 and TNFRSF19 had a significant influence on the prognosis of OSCC patients. The risk model that combined ANKRD2 and TNFRSF19 to predict sensitivity to cisplatin in OSCC patients was confirmed by analysing the pathological samples and follow-up information of clinical patients. Conclusions The expression of ANKRD2 and TNFRSF19 is associated with cisplatin sensitivity and prognosis in patients with OSCC. The survival outcome of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was found to be significantly worse in those with high expression of ANKRD2 combined with low expression of TNFRSF19. ANKRD2 and TNFRSF19 may be targets for cisplatin sensitivity prediction in OSCC patients. These findings may provide novel strategies for overcoming cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucong Yao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongwei Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changji Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shisheng Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Cusick JK, Alcaide J, Shi Y. The RELT Family of Proteins: An Increasing Awareness of Their Importance for Cancer, the Immune System, and Development. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2695. [PMID: 37893069 PMCID: PMC10603948 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review highlights Receptor Expressed in Lymphoid Tissues (RELT), a Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily member, and its two paralogs, RELL1 and RELL2. Collectively, these three proteins are referred to as RELTfms and have gained much interest in recent years due to their association with cancer and other human diseases. A thorough knowledge of their physiological functions, including the ligand for RELT, is lacking, yet emerging evidence implicates RELTfms in a variety of processes including cytokine signaling and pathways that either promote cell death or survival. T cells from mice lacking RELT exhibit increased responses against tumors and increased inflammatory cytokine production, and multiple lines of evidence indicate that RELT may promote an immunosuppressive environment for tumors. The relationship of individual RELTfms in different cancers is not universal however, as evidence indicates that individual RELTfms may be risk factors in certain cancers yet appear to be protective in other cancers. RELTfms are important for a variety of additional processes related to human health including microbial pathogenesis, inflammation, behavior, reproduction, and development. All three proteins have been strongly conserved in all vertebrates, and this review aims to provide a clearer understanding of the current knowledge regarding these interesting proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K. Cusick
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Jessa Alcaide
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Yihui Shi
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, Sutter Bay Hospitals, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
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Chuang TD, Ton N, Rysling S, Quintanilla D, Boos D, Gao J, McSwiggin H, Yan W, Khorram O. The Influence of Race/Ethnicity on the Transcriptomic Landscape of Uterine Fibroids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13441. [PMID: 37686244 PMCID: PMC10487975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if the aberrant expression of select genes could form the basis for the racial disparity in fibroid characteristics. The next-generation RNA sequencing results were analyzed as fold change [leiomyomas/paired myometrium, also known as differential expression (DF)], comparing specimens from White (n = 7) and Black (n = 12) patients. The analysis indicated that 95 genes were minimally changed in tumors from White (DF ≈ 1) but were significantly altered by more than 1.5-fold (up or down) in Black patients. Twenty-one novel genes were selected for confirmation in 69 paired fibroids by qRT-PCR. Among these 21, coding of transcripts for the differential expression of FRAT2, SOX4, TNFRSF19, ACP7, GRIP1, IRS4, PLEKHG4B, PGR, COL24A1, KRT17, MMP17, SLN, CCDC177, FUT2, MYO5B, MYOG, ZNF703, CDC25A, and CDCA7 was significantly higher, while the expression of DAB2 and CAV2 was significantly lower in tumors from Black or Hispanic patients compared with tumors from White patients. Western blot analysis revealed a greater differential expression of PGR-A and total progesterone (PGR-A and PGR-B) in tumors from Black compared with tumors from White patients. Collectively, we identified a set of genes uniquely expressed in a race/ethnicity-dependent manner, which could form the underlying mechanisms for the racial disparity in fibroids and their associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Der Chuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA;
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (N.T.); (S.R.); (D.Q.); (D.B.); (J.G.); (H.M.); (W.Y.)
| | - Nhu Ton
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (N.T.); (S.R.); (D.Q.); (D.B.); (J.G.); (H.M.); (W.Y.)
| | - Shawn Rysling
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (N.T.); (S.R.); (D.Q.); (D.B.); (J.G.); (H.M.); (W.Y.)
| | - Derek Quintanilla
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (N.T.); (S.R.); (D.Q.); (D.B.); (J.G.); (H.M.); (W.Y.)
| | - Drake Boos
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (N.T.); (S.R.); (D.Q.); (D.B.); (J.G.); (H.M.); (W.Y.)
| | - Jianjun Gao
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (N.T.); (S.R.); (D.Q.); (D.B.); (J.G.); (H.M.); (W.Y.)
| | - Hayden McSwiggin
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (N.T.); (S.R.); (D.Q.); (D.B.); (J.G.); (H.M.); (W.Y.)
| | - Wei Yan
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (N.T.); (S.R.); (D.Q.); (D.B.); (J.G.); (H.M.); (W.Y.)
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Omid Khorram
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA;
- The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (N.T.); (S.R.); (D.Q.); (D.B.); (J.G.); (H.M.); (W.Y.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Wang TM, Xiao RW, He YQ, Zhang WL, Diao H, Tang M, Mai ZM, Xue WQ, Yang DW, Deng CM, Liao Y, Zhou T, Li DH, Wu YX, Chen XY, Zhang J, Li XZ, Zhang PF, Zheng XH, Zhang SD, Hu YZ, Cai Y, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Jin G, Bei J, Mai HQ, Sun Y, Ma J, Hu Z, Liu J, Lung ML, Adami HO, Ye W, Lam TH, Shen H, Jia WH. High-throughput identification of regulatory elements and functional assays to uncover susceptibility genes for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Am J Hum Genet 2023:S0002-9297(23)00204-5. [PMID: 37352861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-scale genetic association studies have identified multiple susceptibility loci for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the underlying biological mechanisms remain to be explored. To gain insights into the genetic etiology of NPC, we conducted a follow-up study encompassing 6,907 cases and 10,472 controls and identified two additional NPC susceptibility loci, 9q22.33 (rs1867277; OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.68-0.81, p = 3.08 × 10-11) and 17q12 (rs226241; OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.26-1.60, p = 1.62 × 10-8). The two additional loci, together with two previously reported genome-wide significant loci, 5p15.33 and 9p21.3, were investigated by high-throughput sequencing for chromatin accessibility, histone modification, and promoter capture Hi-C (PCHi-C) profiling. Using luciferase reporter assays and CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) to validate the functional profiling, we identified PHF2 at locus 9q22.33 as a susceptibility gene. PHF2 encodes a histone demethylase and acts as a tumor suppressor. The risk alleles of the functional SNPs reduced the expression of the target gene PHF2 by inhibiting the enhancer activity of its long-range (4.3 Mb) cis-regulatory element, which promoted proliferation of NPC cells. In addition, we identified CDKN2B-AS1 as a susceptibility gene at locus 9p21.3, and the NPC risk allele of the functional SNP rs2069418 promoted the expression of CDKN2B-AS1 by increasing its enhancer activity. The overexpression of CDKN2B-AS1 facilitated proliferation of NPC cells. In summary, we identified functional SNPs and NPC susceptibility genes, which provides additional explanations for the genetic association signals and helps to uncover the underlying genetic etiology of NPC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruo-Wen Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Diao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minzhong Tang
- Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi, China; Wuzhou Cancer Center, Wuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Mai
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China; Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wen-Qiong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wei Yang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Mi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Xia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Yin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Zhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Fen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shao-Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye-Zhu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonglin Cai
- Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuming Zheng
- Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi, China; Wuzhou Cancer Center, Wuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinxin Bei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Qiang Mai
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maria Li Lung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Clinical Effectiveness Group, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tai-Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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9
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Wang J, Wang Z, Jia W, Gong W, Dong B, Wang Z, Zhou M, Tian C. The role of costimulatory molecules in glioma biology and immune microenvironment. Front Genet 2022; 13:1024922. [PMID: 36437961 PMCID: PMC9682268 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1024922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Extensive research showed costimulatory molecules regulate tumor progression. Nevertheless, a small amount of literature has concentrated on the potential prognostic and therapeutic effects of costimulatory molecules in patients with glioma. Methods: The data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for bioinformatics analysis. R software was applied for statistical analysis. Using the FigureYa and Xiantao online tools (https://www.xiantao.love/) for mapping. Results: The Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression analysis were utilized to identify the signature consisting of five costimulatory molecules. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the prognosis of glioma could be independently predicted by the riskscore. Furthermore, we explored clinical and genomic feature differences between the two groups. The level of tumor mutational burden (TMB) was higher in the high-risk group, while more mutation of IDH1 was observed in the low-risk group. Results of Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) analysis showed that high-risk patients were more prone to be responded to immunotherapy. In addition, subclass mapping analysis was performed to validate our findings and the results revealed that a significantly higher percentage of immunotherapy response rate was observed in the high-risk group. Conclusion: A novel signature with a good independent predictive capacity of prognosis was successfully identified. And our findings reveal that patients with high-risk scores were more likely to be responded to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Institute of Neurology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First People’s Hospital of Yichang, The People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Wenxue Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Institute of Neurology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Institute of Neurology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Bokai Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Institute of Neurology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Institute of Neurology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Institute of Neurology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Chunlei Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Institute of Neurology, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
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10
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Luo X, Cao J, Zhang C, Huang H, Liu J. TRAF4 promotes the malignant progression of high-grade serous ovarian cancer by activating YAP pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 627:68-75. [PMID: 36029535 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) accounts for the majority of deaths caused by epithelial ovarian cancer. The specific molecular changes attributable to the pathogenesis of HGSOC are still largely unknown. TRAF4 has been identified to be up-regulated in certain cancers. However, the role and mechanism of TRAF4 in HGSOC remain unclear. In this study, we aim to explore the prognostic value and function of TRAF4 in HGSOC. Immunohistochemical staining and prognostic analysis were used to estimate the prognosis value of TRAF4 in HGSOC. Cell counting assays, colony formation assays, sphere formation assays and tumorigenic assays were used to explore the function of TRAF4 in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, RNA-seq, qPCR and western blotting were performed to investigate the molecular mechanism of TRAF4 in ovarian cancer cells. The results showed that TRAF4 was significantly higher expressed in ovarian cancer than normal ovarian epithelium. Moreover, high expression of TRAF4 was significantly associated with shorter overall survival and recurrence-free survival in HGSOC. Knockdown of TRAF4 significantly inhibited the proliferation and tumorigenicity of ovarian cancer cells, whereas overexpression of TRAF4 promoted the proliferation and tumorigenicity of ovarian cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, our study demonstrated that TRAF4 expression was positively correlated with the YAP pathway gene signatures, and the malignant progression induced by TRAF4 was inhibited after silencing YAP signaling by its selective inhibitor. In conclusion, our findings suggested that TRAF4 promoted the malignant progression of ovarian cancer cells by activating YAP pathway and might serve as a prognostic biomarker for HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Junya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chuyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - He Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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11
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Unique molecular characteristics of NAFLD-associated liver cancer accentuate β-catenin/TNFRSF19-mediated immune evasion. J Hepatol 2022; 77:410-423. [PMID: 35351523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), can lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite a strong causative link, NAFLD-HCC is often underrepresented in systematic genome explorations. METHODS Herein, tumor-normal pairs from 100 patients diagnosed with NAFLD-HCC were subject to next-generation sequencing. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify key genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic events associated with the pathogenesis of NAFLD-HCC. Establishment of primary patient-derived NAFLD-HCC culture was used as a representative human model for downstream in vitro investigations of the underlying CTNNB1 S45P driver mutation. A syngeneic immunocompetent mouse model was used to further test the involvement of CTNNB1mutand TNFRSF19 in reshaping the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS Mutational processes operative in the livers of patients with NAFLD inferred susceptibility to tumor formation through defective DNA repair pathways. Dense promoter mutations and dysregulated transcription factors accentuated activated transcriptional regulation in NAFLD-HCC, in particular the enrichment of MAZ-MYC activities. Somatic events common in HCCs arising from NAFLD and viral hepatitis B infection underscore similar driver pathways, although an incidence shift highlights CTNNB1mut dominance in NAFLD-HCC (33%). Immune exclusion correlated evidently with CTNNB1mut. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing integrated with transcriptome and immune profiling revealed a unique transcriptional axis, wherein CTNNB1mut leads to an upregulation of TNFRSF19 which subsequently represses senescence-associated secretory phenotype-like cytokines (including IL6 and CXCL8). This phenomenon could be reverted by the Wnt-modulator ICG001. CONCLUSIONS The unique mutational processes in the livers of patients with NAFLD and NAFLD-HCC allude to a "field effect" involving a gain-of-function role of CTNNB1 mutations in immune exclusion. LAY SUMMARY The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adult populations means that NAFLD is poised to be the major cause of liver cancer in the 21st century. We showed a strong "field effect" in the livers of patients with NAFLD, wherein activated β-catenin was involved in reshaping the tumor-immune microenvironment.
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12
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Dong C, Wu K, Gu S, Wang W, Xie S, Zhou Y. PTBP3 mediates TGF-β-induced EMT and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1406-1421. [PMID: 35323096 PMCID: PMC9345618 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2052530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is associated with a poor prognosis due to early metastasis to distant organs. TGF-β potently induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes invasion and metastasis of cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying this alteration are largely unknown. PTBP3 plays a critical role in RNA splicing and transcriptional regulation. Although accumulating evidence has revealed that PTBP3 exhibits a pro-oncogenic role in several cancers, whether and how PTBP3 mediates TGF-β-induced EMT and metastasis in LUAD remains unknown. The expression levels and prognostic value of PTBP3 were analyzed in human LUAD tissues and matched normal tissues. siRNAs and lentivirus-mediated vectors were used to transfect LUAD cell lines. Various in vitro experiments including western blot, qRT-PCR, a luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), transwell migration and invasion assay and in vivo metastasis experiment were performed to determine the roles of PTBP3 in TGF-β-induced EMT and metastasis. PTBP3 expression was significantly upregulated in patients with LUAD, and high expression of PTBP3 indicated a poor prognosis. Intriguingly, we found that PTBP3 expression level in LUAD cell lines was significantly increased by exogenous TGF-β1 in a Smad-dependent manner. Mechanistically, p-Smad3 was recruited to the PTBP3 promoter and activated its transcription. In turn, PTBP3 knockdown abolished TGF-β1-mediated EMT through the inhibition of Smad2/3 expression. Furthermore, PTBP3 overexpression increased lung and liver metastasis of LUAD cells in vivo. PTBP3 is indispensable to TGF-β-induced EMT and metastasis of LUAD cells and is a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglai Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiqin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaorui Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiliang Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxin Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Zhu C, Gu L, Yao M, Li J, Fang C. Prognostic Value of an Immune-Related Gene Signature in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:776979. [PMID: 34993138 PMCID: PMC8724436 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.776979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis and immunotherapy response rates are unfavorable in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The tumor microenvironment is associated with tumor prognosis and progression, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We obtained differentially expressed immune-related genes from OSCC mRNA data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Overall survival-related risk signature was constructed by univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO Cox regression analysis. The prognostic performance was validated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves in the TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. The risk score was confirmed to be an independent prognostic factor and a nomogram was built to quantify the risk of outcome for each patient. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between the risk score and the infiltration rate of immune cells, as well as the expression of immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive molecules. Functional enrichment analysis between different risk score subtypes detected multiple immune-related biological processes, metabolic pathways, and cancer-related pathways. Thus, the immune-related gene signature can predict overall survival and contribute to the personalized management of OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liqun Gu
- Department of Pediatric Stomatology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mianfeng Yao
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changyun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Polini B, Carpi S, Doccini S, Citi V, Martelli A, Feola S, Santorelli FM, Cerullo V, Romanini A, Nieri P. Tumor Suppressor Role of hsa-miR-193a-3p and -5p in Cutaneous Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6183. [PMID: 32867069 PMCID: PMC7503447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remarkable deregulation of several microRNAs (miRNAs) is demonstrated in cutaneous melanoma. hsa-miR-193a-3p is reported to be under-expressed in tissues and in plasma of melanoma patients, but the role of both miR-193a arms in melanoma is not known yet. METHODS After observing the reduced levels of miR-193a arms in plasma exosomes of melanoma patients, the effects of hsa-miR-193a-3p and -5p transfection in cutaneous melanoma cell lines are investigated. RESULTS In melanoma cell lines A375, 501Mel, and MeWo, the ectopic over-expression of miR-193a arms significantly reduced cell viability as well as the expression of genes involved in proliferation (ERBB2, KRAS, PIK3R3, and MTOR) and apoptosis (MCL1 and NUSAP1). These functional features were accompanied by a significant downregulation of Akt and Erk pathways and a strong increase in the apoptotic process. Since in silico databases revealed TROY, an orphan member of the tumor necrosis receptor family, as a potential direct target of miR-193a-5p, this possibility was investigated using the luciferase assay and excluded by our results. CONCLUSIONS Our results underline a relevant role of miR-193a, both -3p and -5p, as tumor suppressors clarifying the intracellular mechanisms involved and suggesting that their ectopic over-expression could represent a novel treatment for cutaneous melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Polini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.P.); (V.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.)
| | - Sara Carpi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.P.); (V.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.)
| | - Stefano Doccini
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56128 Pisa, Italy; (S.D.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.P.); (V.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.)
| | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.P.); (V.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.)
| | - Sara Feola
- Laboratory of ImmunoViroTherapy (IVTLab), Drug Research Program (DRP), Translation Immunology Program (TRIMM), iCAN Precision Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (S.F.); (V.C.)
| | - Filippo Maria Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56128 Pisa, Italy; (S.D.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Vincenzo Cerullo
- Laboratory of ImmunoViroTherapy (IVTLab), Drug Research Program (DRP), Translation Immunology Program (TRIMM), iCAN Precision Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (S.F.); (V.C.)
| | - Antonella Romanini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.P.); (V.C.); (A.M.); (P.N.)
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15
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Zhu JJ, Stenfeldt C, Bishop EA, Canter JA, Eschbaumer M, Rodriguez LL, Arzt J. Mechanisms of Maintenance of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Persistence Inferred From Genes Differentially Expressed in Nasopharyngeal Epithelia of Virus Carriers and Non-carriers. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:340. [PMID: 32637426 PMCID: PMC7318773 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes persistent infection of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells in ~50% of infected ruminants. The mechanisms involved are not clear. This study provides a continued investigation of differentially expressed genes (DEG) identified in a previously published transcriptomic study analyzing micro-dissected epithelial samples from FMDV carriers and non-carriers. Pathway analysis of DEG indicated that immune cell trafficking, cell death and hematological system could be affected by the differential gene expression. Further examination of the DEG identified five downregulated (chemerin, CCL23, CXCL15, CXCL16, and CXCL17) and one upregulated (CCL2) chemokines in carriers compared to non-carriers. The differential expression could reduce the recruitment of neutrophils, antigen-experienced T cells and dendritic cells and increase the migration of macrophages and NK cells to the epithelia in carriers, which was supported by DEG expressed in these immune cells. Downregulated chemokine expression could be mainly due to the inhibition of canonical NFκB signaling based on DEG in the signaling pathways and transcription factor binding sites predicted from the proximal promoters. Additionally, upregulated CD69, IL33, and NID1 and downregulated CASP3, IL17RA, NCR3LG1, TP53BP1, TRAF3, and TRAF6 in carriers could inhibit the Th17 response, NK cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that (1) under-expression of chemokines that recruit neutrophils, antigen-experienced T cells and dendritic cells, (2) blocking NK cell binding to target cells and (3) suppression of apoptosis induced by death receptor signaling, viral RNA, and cell-mediated cytotoxicity in the epithelia compromised virus clearance and allowed FMDV to persist. These hypothesized mechanisms provide novel information for further investigation of persistent FMDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Zhu
- USDA-ARS, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient, NY, United States
| | - Carolina Stenfeldt
- USDA-ARS, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient, NY, United States.,Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Bishop
- USDA-ARS, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient, NY, United States
| | - Jessica A Canter
- USDA-ARS, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient, NY, United States.,Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), Orient, NY, United States
| | - Michael Eschbaumer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Luis L Rodriguez
- USDA-ARS, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient, NY, United States
| | - Jonathan Arzt
- USDA-ARS, Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Orient, NY, United States
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16
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Zhou Y, Yang W, Ao M, Höti N, Gabrielson E, Chan DW, Zhang H, Li QK. Proteomic Analysis of the Air-Way Fluid in Lung Cancer. Detection of Periostin in Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL). Front Oncol 2020; 10:1072. [PMID: 32719746 PMCID: PMC7350406 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a specific type of air-way fluid. It is a commonly used clinical specimen for the diagnosis of benign diseases and cancers of the lung. Although previous studies have identified several disease-associated proteins in the BAL, the potential utility of BAL in lung cancer is still not well-studied. Based upon the fact that the majority of secreted proteins are glycoproteins, we have profiled N-glycoproteins in BAL collected from lung cancers, and investigated the expression of glycoproteins such as the matrix N-glycoprotein, periostin, in lung cancers. Methods: BAL specimens (n = 16) were collected from lung cancer patients, and analyzed using mass spectrometry-based quantitative N-glycoproteomic technique. Additional BAL specimens (n = 39) were independently collected to further evaluate the expression of periostin by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: A total of 462 glycoproteins were identified in BAL samples using N-glycoproteomic technique, including 290 in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC, n = 5), 376 in squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC, n = 4), 309 in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC, n = 4), and 316 in benign lung disease (n = 3). The expressions of several glycoproteins were elevated, including 8 in ADC, 12 in SQCC, and 17 in SCLC, compared to benign BALs. The expression of periostin was detected in all subtypes of lung cancers. To further investigate the expression of periostin, an ELISA assay was performed using additional independently collected BALs (n = 39) The normalized levels of periostin in benign disease, ADC, SQCC, and SCLC were 255 ± 104 (mean ± SE) and 4,002 ± 2,181, 3,496 ± 1,765, and 1,772 ± 1,119 ng/mg of total BAL proteins. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that proteomic analysis of BAL can be used for the study of cancer-associated extracellular proteins in air-way fluid from lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangying Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Weiming Yang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Minghui Ao
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Naseruddin Höti
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Edward Gabrielson
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Daniel W Chan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Qing Kay Li
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
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17
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Ding Z, Kloss JM, Tuncali S, Tran NL, Loftus JC. TROY signals through JAK1-STAT3 to promote glioblastoma cell migration and resistance. Neoplasia 2020; 22:352-364. [PMID: 32629176 PMCID: PMC7338993 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and carries a discouraging prognosis. Its aggressive and highly infiltrative nature renders the current standard treatment of maximal surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy relatively ineffective. Identifying the signaling pathways that regulate GBM migration/invasion and resistance is required to develop more effective therapeutic regimens to treat GBM. Expression of TROY, an orphan receptor of the TNF receptor superfamily, increases with glial tumor grade, inversely correlates with patient overall survival, stimulates GBM cell invasion in vitro and in vivo, and increases resistance to temozolomide and radiation therapy. Conversely, silencing TROY expression inhibits GBM cell invasion, increases sensitivity to temozolomide, and prolongs survival in a preclinical intracranial xenograft model. Here, we have identified for the first time that TROY interacts with JAK1. Increased TROY expression increases JAK1 phosphorylation. In addition, increased TROY expression promotes STAT3 phosphorylation and STAT3 transcriptional activity that is dependent upon JAK1. TROY-mediated activation of STAT3 is independent of its ability to stimulate activity of NF-κB. Inhibition of JAK1 activity by ruxolitinib or knockdown of JAK1 expression by siRNA significantly inhibits TROY-induced STAT3 activation, GBM cell migration, and decreases resistance to temozolomide. Taken together, our data indicate that the TROY signaling complex may represent a potential therapeutic target with the distinctive capacity to exert effects on multiple pathways mediating GBM cell invasion and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghui Ding
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, United States
| | - Jean M Kloss
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, United States
| | - Serdar Tuncali
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, United States
| | - Nhan L Tran
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, United States.
| | - Joseph C Loftus
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, United States.
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18
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Fallah M, Viklund E, Bäckman A, Brodén J, Lundskog B, Johansson M, Blomquist M, Wilczynska M, Ny T. Plasminogen is a master regulator and a potential drug candidate for the healing of radiation wounds. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:201. [PMID: 32205839 PMCID: PMC7089956 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2397-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Around 95% of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy experience cutaneous side effects, and some develop radiation wounds or fibrosis. Currently, there is no effective treatment for these indications. We show here that plasminogen administration enhanced the healing of radiation wounds via pleiotropic effects on gene expression. Using RNA sequencing, we found that plasminogen downregulated the expression of genes in the TLR, TNF, WNT, MAPK, and TGF-β signaling pathways, and enhanced the anti-inflammatory effect of arachidonic acid, leading to significantly decreased inflammation and improved remodeling of granulation tissue compared with placebo treatment. In addition, plasminogen induced metabolic changes, including decreased glycolysis. Importantly, many of the factors downregulated by plasminogen are pro-fibrotic. Therefore, in radiation wounds with excessive inflammation, plasminogen is able to enhance and redirect the healing process, such that it more closely resembles physiological healing with significantly reduced risk for developing fibrosis. This makes plasminogen an attractive drug candidate for the treatment of radiation wounds in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Fallah
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, 901-87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Emil Viklund
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, 901-87, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Bertil Lundskog
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 901-87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Michael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, 901-87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Michael Blomquist
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, 901-87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Malgorzata Wilczynska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, 901-87, Umeå, Sweden
- Omnio AB, Tvistevägen 48, 907-36, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tor Ny
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, 901-87, Umeå, Sweden.
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19
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Zhang J, Jiang H, Xie T, Zheng J, Tian Y, Li R, Wang B, Lin J, Xu A, Huang X, Yuan Y. Differential Expression and Alternative Splicing of Transcripts Associated With Cisplatin-Induced Chemoresistance in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Front Genet 2020; 11:52. [PMID: 32161615 PMCID: PMC7052373 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy and adjuvant cisplatin (DDP) chemotherapy are standard administrations applied to treat nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the molecular changes and functions of DDP in NPC chemo-resistance remain poorly understood. In the present study, transcriptomic sequencing between 5-8F and 5-8F/DDP cells was performed to identify differential expression and alternative splicing (AS) characteristics in DDP-resistant NPC cells. Transcriptomic profiling identified 1,757 upregulated genes and 1,473 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Bioinformatic analysis revealed that these DEGs were associated with or participated in important biological regulatory functions in NPC. Validation of 20 significant DEGs using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR showed that the expression patterns of 17 mRNAs were in accordance with the sequencing data. Intron retention was identified as the major AS event in chemoresistant cells. Furthermore, the expression level of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), which was one of the most upregulated mRNAs in the chemoresistant cell lines, was significantly associated with the migration, invasion, and proliferation of NPC cells in vitro. Our study revealed that dysregulated genes and AS-mediated DDP chemoresistance might play important roles in NPC development and progression. Targeting aberrantly expressed genes might clarify the pathogenesis of NPC and contribute to developing new therapeutic strategies for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huali Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascularology, the Affiliated Donghua Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Dongguan, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieling Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhong Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baiyao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yawei Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Chung AK, OuYang CN, Liu H, Chao M, Luo JD, Lee CY, Lu YJ, Chung IC, Chen LC, Wu SM, Tsang NM, Chang KP, Hsu CL, Li HP, Chang YS. Targeted sequencing of cancer-related genes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma identifies mutations in the TGF-β pathway. Cancer Med 2019; 8:5116-5127. [PMID: 31328403 PMCID: PMC6718742 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately, 25% of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients develop recurrent disease. NPC may involve relatively few genomic alterations compared to other cancers due to its association with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV). We envisioned that in‐depth sequencing of tumor tissues might provide new insights into the genetic alterations of this cancer. Thirty‐three NPC paired tumor/adjacent normal or peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples were deep‐sequenced (>1000×) with respect to a panel of 409 cancer‐related genes. Newly identified mutations and its correlation with clinical outcomes were evaluated. Profiling of somatic mutations and copy number variations (CNV) in NPC tumors identified alterations in RTK/RAS/PI3K, NOTCH, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, cell cycle, NF‐κB, and TGF‐β pathways. In addition, patients harbored CNV among 409 cancer‐related genes and missense mutations in TGF‐β/SMAD signaling were associated with poor overall survival and poor recurrence‐free survival, respectively. The CNV events were correlated with plasma EBV copies, while mutations in TGFBR2 and SMAD4 abrogate SMAD‐dependent TGF‐β signaling. Functional analysis revealed that the new TGFBR2 kinase domain mutants were incapable of transducing the signal, leading to failure of phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 and activation of downstream TGF‐β‐mediated cell growth arrest. This study provides evidence supporting CNV and dysregulated TGF‐β signaling contributes to exacerbating the NPC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Ko Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Nan OuYang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mei Chao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Liver Research Center, Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ji-Dung Luo
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Bioinformatics Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Yang Lee
- Research Information Session, Office of Information Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Jung Lu
- ACT Genomics, Co. Ltd., Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - I-Che Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Lih-Chyang Chen
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shao-Min Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ngan-Ming Tsang
- Department of Radiation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Lung Hsu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Pai Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
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21
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Shao L, Zuo X, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Yang N, Shen B, Wang J, Wang X, Li R, Jin G, Yu D, Chen Y, Sun L, Li Z, Fu Q, Hu Z, Han X, Song X, Shen H, Sun Y. The inherited variations of a p53-responsive enhancer in 13q12.12 confer lung cancer risk by attenuating TNFRSF19 expression. Genome Biol 2019; 20:103. [PMID: 31126313 PMCID: PMC6533720 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inherited factors contribute to lung cancer risk, but the mechanism is not well understood. Defining the biological consequence of GWAS hits in cancers is a promising strategy to elucidate the inherited mechanisms of cancers. The tag-SNP rs753955 (A>G) in 13q12.12 is highly associated with lung cancer risk in the Chinese population. Here, we systematically investigate the biological significance and the underlying mechanism behind 13q12.12 risk locus in vitro and in vivo. Results We characterize a novel p53-responsive enhancer with lung tissue cell specificity in a 49-kb high linkage disequilibrium block of rs753955. This enhancer harbors 3 highly linked common inherited variations (rs17336602, rs4770489, and rs34354770) and six p53 binding sequences either close to or located between the variations. The enhancer effectively protects normal lung cell lines against pulmonary carcinogen NNK-induced DNA damages and malignant transformation by upregulating TNFRSF19 through chromatin looping. These variations significantly weaken the enhancer activity by affecting its p53 response, especially when cells are exposed to NNK. The effect of the mutant enhancer alleles on TNFRSF19 target gene in vivo is supported by expression quantitative trait loci analysis of 117 Chinese NSCLC samples and GTEx data. Differentiated expression of TNFRSF19 and its statistical significant correlation with tumor TNM staging and patient survival indicate a suppressor role of TNFRSF19 in lung cancer. Conclusion This study provides evidence of how the inherited variations in 13q12.12 contribute to lung cancer risk, highlighting the protective roles of the p53-responsive enhancer-mediated TNFRSF19 activation in lung cells under carcinogen stress. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13059-019-1696-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipei Shao
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Xianglin Zuo
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Bin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Jianying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Xuchun Wang
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Ruilei Li
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention & Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Dawei Yu
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Luan Sun
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiaofen Fu
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention & Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China.
| | - Hongbin Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention & Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.
| | - Yujie Sun
- Key laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention & Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China. .,Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211126, China.
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22
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Divergent Dynamics and Functions of ERK MAP Kinase Signaling in Development, Homeostasis and Cancer: Lessons from Fluorescent Bioimaging. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040513. [PMID: 30974867 PMCID: PMC6520755 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway regulates a variety of biological processes including cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Since ERK activation promotes proliferation of many types of cells, its deregulated/constitutive activation is among general mechanisms for cancer. Recent advances in bioimaging techniques have enabled to visualize ERK activity in real-time at the single-cell level. Emerging evidence from such approaches suggests unexpectedly complex spatiotemporal dynamics of ERK activity in living cells and animals and their crucial roles in determining cellular responses. In this review, we discuss how ERK activity dynamics are regulated and how they affect biological processes including cell fate decisions, cell migration, embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis.
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23
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TRAF4 Promotes Fibroblast Proliferation in Keloids by Destabilizing p53 via Interacting with the Deubiquitinase USP10. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:1925-1935.e5. [PMID: 30940456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Keloids represent one extreme of aberrant dermal wound healing. One of the important characteristics of keloids is uncontrolled fibroblasts proliferation. However, the mechanism of excessive proliferation of fibroblasts in keloids remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrated that TRAF4 was highly expressed in keloid fibroblasts and promoted fibroproliferation. We investigated the underlying molecular mechanism and found that TRAF4 suppressed the p53 pathway independent of its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Specifically, TRAF4 interacted with the deubiquitinase USP10 and blocked the access of p53 to USP10, resulting in p53 destabilization. Knockdown of p53 rescued cell proliferation in TRAF4-knockdown keloid fibroblasts, suggesting that the regulation of proliferation by TRAF4 in keloids relied on p53. Furthermore, in keloid patient samples, TRAF4 expression was inversely correlated with p53-p21 signaling activity. These findings help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying keloid development and indicate that blocking TRAF4 could represent a potential strategy for keloid therapy in the future.
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24
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Madak-Erdogan Z, Band S, Zhao YC, Smith BP, Kulkoyluoglu-Cotul E, Zuo Q, Santaliz Casiano A, Wrobel K, Rossi G, Smith RL, Kim SH, Katzenellenbogen JA, Johnson ML, Patel M, Marino N, Storniolo AMV, Flaws JA. Free Fatty Acids Rewire Cancer Metabolism in Obesity-Associated Breast Cancer via Estrogen Receptor and mTOR Signaling. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2494-2510. [PMID: 30862719 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for postmenopausal estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive (ER+) breast cancer. Molecular mechanisms underlying factors from plasma that contribute to this risk and how these mechanisms affect ERα signaling have yet to be elucidated. To identify such mechanisms, we performed whole metabolite and protein profiling in plasma samples from women at high risk for breast cancer, which led us to focus on factors that were differentially present in plasma of obese versus nonobese postmenopausal women. These studies, combined with in vitro assays, identified free fatty acids (FFA) as circulating plasma factors that correlated with increased proliferation and aggressiveness in ER+ breast cancer cells. FFAs activated both the ERα and mTOR pathways and rewired metabolism in breast cancer cells. Pathway preferential estrogen-1 (PaPE-1), which targets ERα and mTOR signaling, was able to block changes induced by FFA and was more effective in the presence of FFA. Collectively, these data suggest a role for obesity-associated gene and metabolic rewiring in providing new targetable vulnerabilities for ER+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, they provide a basis for preclinical and clinical trials where the impact of agents that target ERα and mTOR signaling cross-talk would be tested to prevent ER+ breast cancers in obese postmenopausal women. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings show that obesity-associated changes in certain blood metabolites rewire metabolic programs in cancer cells, influence mammary epithelial cell tumorigenicity and aggressiveness, and increase breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Madak-Erdogan
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois. .,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Shoham Band
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Yiru C Zhao
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Brandi P Smith
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Eylem Kulkoyluoglu-Cotul
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Qianying Zuo
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Ashlie Santaliz Casiano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Kinga Wrobel
- Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Gianluigi Rossi
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | | | - Mariah L Johnson
- Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Meera Patel
- Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Natascia Marino
- Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Anna Maria V Storniolo
- Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
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25
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SHROOM2 inhibits tumor metastasis through RhoA-ROCK pathway-dependent and -independent mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:58. [PMID: 30683844 PMCID: PMC6347642 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
SHROOM2 is a key mediator of RhoA–ROCK pathway that regulates cell motility and actin cytoskeleton organization. However, the functions of SHROOM2 beyond RhoA/ROCK signaling remain poorly understood. Here, we report that SHROOM2 not only participates in RhoA–ROCK-induced stress fiber formation and focal adhesion, but also had an unanticipated role in suppressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor metastasis. Depletion of SHROOM2 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells enhances mesenchymal characteristics and reduces epithelial markers, concomitant with increased motility, enabling the development of invasion and tumor metastasis, which are largely ROCK-independent, as ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 did not cause EMT phenotype; furthermore, combination of ROCK inhibition and SHROOM2 depletion resulted in the most robust increases in cell migration and invasion, indicating that SHROOM2 and ROCK work synergistically rather than epistatic. Analysis of clinical samples suggested that SHROOM2 is downregulated in NPC and the expression of SHROOM2 in metastatic NPC was even lower than in the primary tumors. Our findings uncover a non-canonical role of SHROOM2 as a potent antagonist for EMT and NPC metastasis.
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26
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Xiang T, Lin YX, Ma W, Zhang HJ, Chen KM, He GP, Zhang X, Xu M, Feng QS, Chen MY, Zeng MS, Zeng YX, Feng L. Vasculogenic mimicry formation in EBV-associated epithelial malignancies. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5009. [PMID: 30479336 PMCID: PMC6258759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated epithelial cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and approximately 10% of gastric cancers, termed EBVaGC, represent 80% of all EBV-related malignancies. However, the exact role of EBV in epithelial cancers remains elusive. Here, we report that EBV functions in vasculogenic mimicry (VM). Epithelial cancer cells infected with EBV develop tumor vascular networks that correlate with tumor growth, which is different from endothelial-derived angiogenic vessels and is VEGF-independent. Mechanistically, activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α signaling cascade, which is partly mediated by LMP2A, is responsible for EBV-induced VM formation. Both xenografts and clinical samples of NPC and EBVaGC exhibit VM histologically, which are correlated with AKT and HIF-1α activation. Furthermore, although anti-VEGF monotherapy shows limited effects, potent synergistic antitumor activities are achieved by combination therapy with VEGF and HIF-1α-targeted agents. Our findings suggest that EBV creates plasticity in epithelial cells to express endothelial phenotype and provides a novel EBV-targeted antitumor strategy. EBV latent infection contributes to the pathogenesis of epithelial malignancies by inducing angiogenesis. Here, the authors show EBV promotes vasculogenic mimicry in EBV associated epithelial cancers via AKT/HIF-1α pathway and combination therapy of HIF-1α and VEGF reduces tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xiang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, No. 421 Hospital of PLA, 510318, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Xin Lin
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Jiong Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-Ming Chen
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Ping He
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Sheng Feng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Yuan Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
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27
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The Dynamic Roles of TGF-β Signalling in EBV-Associated Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10080247. [PMID: 30060514 PMCID: PMC6115974 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling pathway plays a critical role in carcinogenesis. It has a biphasic action by initially suppressing tumorigenesis but promoting tumour progression in the later stages of disease. Consequently, the functional outcome of TGF-β signalling is strongly context-dependent and is influenced by various factors including cell, tissue and cancer type. Disruption of this pathway can be caused by various means, including genetic and environmental factors. A number of human viruses have been shown to modulate TGF-β signalling during tumorigenesis. In this review, we describe how this pathway is perturbed in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated cancers and how EBV interferes with TGF-β signal transduction. The role of TGF-β in regulating the EBV life cycle in tumour cells is also discussed.
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28
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Zhang HJ, Tian J, Qi XK, Xiang T, He GP, Zhang H, Yu X, Zhang X, Zhao B, Feng QS, Chen MY, Zeng MS, Zeng YX, Feng L. Epstein-Barr virus activates F-box protein FBXO2 to limit viral infectivity by targeting glycoprotein B for degradation. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007208. [PMID: 30052682 PMCID: PMC6082576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human cancer-related virus closely associated with lymphoid and epithelial malignancies, and EBV glycoprotein B (gB) plays an essential role in viral entry into both B cells and epithelial cells by promoting cell-cell fusion. EBV gB is exclusively modified with high-mannose-linked N-glycans and primarily localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with low levels on the plasma membrane (PM). However, the mechanism through which gB is regulated within host cells is largely unknown. Here, we report the identification of F-box only protein 2 (FBXO2), an SCF ubiquitin ligase substrate adaptor that preferentially binds high-mannose glycans and attenuates EBV infectivity by targeting N-glycosylated gB for degradation. gB possesses seven N-glycosylation sites, and FBXO2 directly binds to these high-mannose moieties through its sugar-binding domain. The interaction promotes the degradation of glycosylated gB via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Depletion of FBXO2 not only stabilizes gB but also promotes its transport from the ER to the PM, resulting in enhanced membrane fusion and viral entry. FBXO2 is expressed in epithelial cells but not B cells, and EBV infection up-regulates FBXO2 levels. In summary, our findings highlight the significance of high-mannose modification of gB and reveal a novel host defense mechanism involving glycoprotein homeostasis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jiong Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxiu Tian
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Kang Qi
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Xiang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Ping He
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xibao Yu
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingchun Zhao
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Sheng Feng
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Yuan Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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