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Hatta W, Koike T, Asano N, Hatayama Y, Ogata Y, Saito M, Jin X, Uno K, Imatani A, Masamune A. The Impact of Tobacco Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on the Development of Gastric Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7854. [PMID: 39063094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection of Helicobacter pylori is considered the principal cause of gastric cancers, but evidence has accumulated regarding the impact of tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption on the development of gastric cancers. Several possible mechanisms, including the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, have been proposed for smoking-induced gastric carcinogenesis. On the other hand, local acetaldehyde exposure and ethanol-induced mucosal inflammation have been proposed as the mechanisms involved in the development of gastric cancers in heavy alcohol drinkers. In addition, genetic polymorphisms are also considered to play a pivotal role in smoking-related and alcohol-related gastric carcinogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of gastric cancers in relation to tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waku Hatta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koike
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Naoki Asano
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1 Nodayama, Medeshima-Shiode, Natori 981-1293, Miyagi, Japan
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Senescence Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Natori 981-1293, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hatayama
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yohei Ogata
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Saito
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Xiaoyi Jin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kaname Uno
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akira Imatani
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
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2
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Choi HR, Chang Y, Park J, Cho Y, Kim C, Kwon MJ, Kang J, Kwon R, Lim GY, Ahn J, Kim KH, Kim H, Hong YS, Park J, Zhao D, Cho J, Guallar E, Park HY, Ryu S. Early-onset vasomotor symptoms and development of depressive symptoms among premenopausal women. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:376-384. [PMID: 38503358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the association between vasomotor symptoms (VMSs) and the onset of depressive symptoms among premenopausal women. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 4376 premenopausal women aged 42-52 years, and the cohort study included 2832 women without clinically relevant depressive symptoms at baseline. VMSs included the symptoms of hot flashes and night sweats. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; a score of ≥16 was considered to define clinically relevant depressive symptoms. RESULTS Premenopausal Women with VMSs at baseline exhibited a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms compared with women without VMSs at baseline (multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratio 1.76, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.47-2.11). Among the 2832 women followed up (median, 6.1 years), 406 developed clinically relevant depressive symptoms. Women with versus without VMSs had a significantly higher risk of developing clinically relevant depressive symptoms (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio, 1.72; 95 % CI 1.39-2.14). VMS severity exhibited a dose-response relationship with depressive symptoms (P for trend <0.05). LIMITATIONS Self-reported questionnaires were only used to obtain VMSs and depressive symptoms, which could have led to misclassification. We also could not directly measure sex hormone levels. CONCLUSIONS Even in the premenopausal stage, women who experience hot flashes or night sweats have an increased risk of present and developed clinically relevant depressive symptoms. It is important to conduct mental health screenings and provide appropriate support to middle-aged women who experience early-onset VMSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rin Choi
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea; Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jungeun Park
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosun Cho
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea; Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanmin Kim
- Department of Statistics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kwon
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonggyu Kang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
| | - Ria Kwon
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea; Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Young Lim
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea; Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiin Ahn
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye-Hyun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Soo Hong
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jihwan Park
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Di Zhao
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Juhee Cho
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea; Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hyun-Young Park
- Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 04514, Republic of Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Chen Z, Zheng Y, Fan P, Li M, Liu W, Yuan H, Liu X, Zhang Z, Wu Z, Wang Y, Ji R, Guo Q, Ye Y, Zhang J, Li X, An F, Lu L, Li Y, Wang X, Zhang J, Guan Q, Li Q, Liu M, Ren Q, Hu X, Lu H, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Gou X, Shu X, Wang J, Hu Z, Xue S, Liu J, Zhou Y. Risk factors in the development of gastric adenocarcinoma in the general population: A cross-sectional study of the Wuwei Cohort. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1024155. [PMID: 36713177 PMCID: PMC9878447 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1024155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Several risk factors have been identified for the development of gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), where the control group was usually a healthy population. However, it is unclear at what stage known risk factor exert their influence toward the progression to cancer. Based on the Wuwei Cohort, we enrolled 1,739 patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis (no-CAG), 3,409 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), 1,757 patients with intestinal metaplasia (IM), 2,239 patients with low-grade dysplasia (LGD), and 182 patients with high-grade dysplasia (HGD) or GAC to assess the risk factors between each two consecutive stages from no-CAG to GAC/HGD using adjusted logistic regression. We found that different groups of risk factors were associated with different stages. Age, occupation of farmer, low annual family income, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, drinking, eating hot food, histories of gastritis and peptic ulcer were associated with the development of CAG. Age, illiteracy, H. pylori infection, smoking, eating hot food, eating quickly, and histories of gastritis and gallbladder diseases were associated with the progression to IM from CAG. Male, occupation of farmer and history of peptic ulcer were associated with the development of LGD from IM. Age, male and polyp history appeared to be risk factors associated with the development of GAC/HGD from LGD. In conclusion, it seems that most risk factors function more as a set of switches that initiated the GAC carcinogenesis. H. Pylori eradication and control of other risk factors should be conducted before IM to decrease the incidence of GAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 940th Hospital of Joint Service Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Zhengqi Wu
- Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qinghong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuwei Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Gansu Second Provincial People’s Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Wuwei Liangzhou Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Feng An
- Wuwei People's Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Linzhi Lu
- Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital, Wuwei, Gansu, China
| | - Youpeng Li
- Minqin People's Hospital, Minqin, Gansu, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Quanlin Guan
- Surgical Oncology Department, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaobin Hu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xi Gou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaochuang Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zenan Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Siqian Xue
- Interventional Radiology Department, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China,*Correspondence: Yongning Zhou, ✉
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4
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Wang P, Li P, Chen Y, Li L, Lu Y, Zhou W, Bian L, Zhang B, Yin X, Li J, Chen J, Zhang S, Shi Y, Tang X. Chinese integrated guideline on the management of gastric precancerous conditions and lesions. Chin Med 2022; 17:138. [PMID: 36517854 PMCID: PMC9749368 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00677-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The standardized diagnosis and management of gastric precancerous conditions and lesions are important to prevent gastric cancer. This guideline, created by 5 traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine associations, based on the current morbidity and diagnosis and treatment of gastric precancerous conditions and lesions, provides specific key points and strategies for diagnosis and treatment in the following five aspects: definition and epidemiology, diagnosis and stage, surveillance, treatment and efficacy evaluation. It is hoped that these aspects, assessed by integrating Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine and involving multidisciplinary participation, will play a guiding role in clinical diagnosis and treatment and achieve effective secondary prevention of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxuan Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guanganmen Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Air Force Medical University Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Weixun Zhou
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Bian
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Beihua Zhang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolan Yin
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiang Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Shutian Zhang
- Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongquan Shi
- Air Force Medical University Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xudong Tang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China.
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5
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Choi HR, Chang Y, Kim Y, Kang J, Kwon MJ, Kwon R, Lim GY, Kim KH, Kim H, Hong YS, Zhao D, Cho J, Guallar E, Park HY, Ryu S. High low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is associated with an increased risk of incident early-onset vasomotor symptoms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14652. [PMID: 36030298 PMCID: PMC9420127 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the associations between serum lipid profiles and risk of early-onset vasomotor symptoms (VMSs) in premenopausal women. This cohort study comprised 2,540 premenopausal women aged 42-52 years without VMSs at baseline (median follow-up: 4.4 years). VMSs, including hot flashes and night sweats, were assessed using the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire (Korean version). Early-onset VMSs were defined as VMSs that occurred premenopause; moderate/severe VMSs were defined as a score of ≥ 3 points (range: 0 to 6, 6 being most bothersome). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the development of VMSs across the lipid levels. Higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were positively associated with increased risk of early-onset VMSs. Compared to the < 100 mg/dL LDL group, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident VMSs were 1.19 (1.03-1.37) and 1.20 (1.03-1.40) in participants with LDL cholesterol levels of 100-129 mg/dL and ≥ 130 mg/dL, respectively (P for trend = 0.027). The multivariable-adjusted HR for incident moderate/severe VMSs was 1.37 (95% CI: 1.08-1.73) in participants with LDL ≥ 130 mg/dL, compared to those with LDL < 100 mg/dL. Meanwhile, triglycerides and total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were not significantly associated with early-onset VMSs risk in premenopausal women. Premenopausal women with high serum LDL cholesterol concentrations had a higher risk of incident early-onset VMSs. Further studies should confirm our findings and examine whether LDL-lowering interventions reduce the risk of early-onset VMSs among women during menopause transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rin Choi
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yejin Kim
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonggyu Kang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kwon
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea
| | - Ria Kwon
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Young Lim
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Medical Research, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye-Hyun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Soo Hong
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Di Zhao
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Juhee Cho
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Republic of Korea.,Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Hyun-Young Park
- Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 04514, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06355, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Rakici H, Uyanik E, Rakici IM, Polat HB, Akdogan RA, Aydin G, Ayvaz MA, Bedir R. Gastric intestinal metaplasia: Long-term follow-up results. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:315-324. [PMID: 35295055 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1548_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Baackground Precancerous lesions are the most commonly cited factor in gastric cancer etiology. The sequence of events in intestinal-type gastric carcinogenesis is considered to be chronic gastritis, atrophy, intestinal metaplasia (IM), dysplasia, and carcinoma, respectively. Early diagnosis and treatment of advanced precursor lesions and gastric cancer is possible by identifying and monitoring patients with such premalignant lesions. Aim In our study, we aimed to evaluate the long-term follow-up results of intestinal metaplasia in our hospital and the rate of progression to malignancy by comparing these patients with patients who have undergone gastroscopy without a diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia. Material and Method One hundred and fifty-six followed-up patients out of 700 between the ages of 18 and 85 who were admitted to our hospital between 2009 and 2019, who were diagnosed with IM by pathological examination from biopsy material, and 150 patients who were not diagnosed with IM between 2009 and 2011 were included. The results of the cases were evaluated first retrospectively; then, the patients who were invited for control and underwent endoscopy were evaluated prospectively. IM and control groups were compared in terms of dysplasia and gastric cancer development. In addition, the IM group was compared in terms of 5 and 10 years of follow-up, extensive or local involvement, and complete and incomplete involvement in terms of dysplasia and cancer development. Results The follow-up period of the patients ranged from 1 to 10 years, and the mean follow-up interval was 4.2 ± 2.8 (min: 1; max: 10) years. Age, gender, and pathology results of the patients were examined in terms of IM type, localization of IM, pathology accompanying IM, and presence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and compared with the control group. While gastric carcinoma was detected in three of 156 patients in the IM group, gastric carcinoma was not detected in the follow-up of 150 patients in the control group. IM was most common in the antrum. Incomplete IM was detected in 89 patients, and complete IM in 69 patients. While two of the three patients with gastric carcinoma were localized to the antrum, one patient had incomplete-type IM and two patients had complete-type IM, and Hp was positive in two patients. While dysplasia was detected in nine of the patients diagnosed with IM, it was detected in two patients in the control group. A statistically significant difference was found between the IM and control groups in terms of dysplasia positivity (p = 0.037). On the other hand, no statistically significant difference was found between the IM and control groups in terms of age-group, gender, follow-up time group, and Hp positivity (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between those who were followed up for 5 and 10 years in the IM group in terms of dysplasia and cancer development. Conclusion Therefore, it is considered that patients with intestinal metaplasia may be followed up at longer intervals, except for patients with race, ethnicity, incomplete type, extensive involvement, and a family history of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rakici
- Department of Gastroenterology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - E Uyanik
- Department of İnternal Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - I M Rakici
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H B Polat
- Department of İnternal Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - R A Akdogan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - G Aydin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - M A Ayvaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - R Bedir
- Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
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7
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Lee W, Chang Y, Shin H, Ryu S. Self-reported and cotinine-verified smoking and increased risk of incident hearing loss. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8103. [PMID: 33854107 PMCID: PMC8047000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the associations of smoking status and urinary cotinine levels, an objective measure of smoking, with the development of new-onset HL. This cohort study was performed in 293,991 Korean adults free of HL who underwent a comprehensive screening examination and were followed for up to 8.8 years. HL was defined as a pure-tone average of thresholds at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kHz ≥ 25 dB in both ears. During a median follow-up of 4.9 years, 2286 participants developed new-onset bilateral HL. Self-reported smoking status was associated with an increased risk of new-onset bilateral HL. Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for incident HL comparing former smokers and current smokers to never-smokers were 1.14 (1.004-1.30) and 1.40 (1.21-1.61), respectively. Number of cigarettes, pack-years, and urinary cotinine levels were consistently associated with incident HL. These associations were similarly observed when introducing changes in smoking status, urinary cotinine, and other confounders during follow-up as time-varying covariates. In this large cohort of young and middle-aged men and women, smoking status based on both self-report and urinary cotinine level were independently associated with an increased incidence of bilateral HL. Our findings indicate smoking is an independent risk factor for HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woncheol Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hocheol Shin
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Diacylglycerol kinase α inhibition cooperates with PD-1-targeted therapies to restore the T cell activation program. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:3277-3289. [PMID: 33837851 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02924-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibody-based therapies blocking the programmed cell death-1/ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis have provided unprecedent clinical success in cancer treatment. Acquired resistance, however, frequently occurs, commonly associated with the upregulation of additional inhibitory molecules. Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) α limits the extent of Ras activation in response to antigen recognition, and its upregulation facilitates hypofunctional, exhausted T cell states. Pharmacological DGKα targeting restores cytotoxic function of chimeric antigen receptor and CD8+ T cells isolated from solid tumors, suggesting a mechanism to reverse T cell exhausted phenotypes. Nevertheless, the contribution of DGKα downstream of the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory axis in human T cells and the consequences of combining DGKα and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are still unresolved relevant issues. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used a human triple parameter reporter cell line to investigate DGKα contribution to the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory pathway. We also addressed the impact of deleting DGKα expression in the growth dynamics and systemic tumor-derived effects of a PD-1-related tumor model, the MC38 colon adenocarcinoma. RESULTS We identify DGKα as a contributor to the PD-1/PD-L1 axis that strongly limits the Ras/ERK/AP-1 pathway. DGKα function reinforces exhausted T cell phenotypes ultimately promoting tumor growth and generalized immunosuppression. Pharmacological DGKα inhibition selectively enhances AP-1 transcription and, importantly, cooperates with antibodies blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 interrelation. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that DGKα inhibition could provide an important mechanism to revert exhausted T lymphocyte phenotypes and thus favor proper anti-tumor T cell responses. The cooperative effect observed after PD-1/PD-L1 and DGKα blockade offers a promising strategy to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer.
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9
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Nieuwenburg SAV, Mommersteeg MC, Eikenboom EL, Yu B, den Hollander WJ, Holster IL, den Hoed CM, Capelle LG, Tang TJ, Anten MP, Prytz-Berset I, Witteman EM, ter Borg F, Burger JPW, Bruno MJ, Fuhler GM, Peppelenbosch MP, Doukas M, Kuipers EJ, Spaander MC. Factors associated with the progression of gastric intestinal metaplasia: a multicenter, prospective cohort study. Endosc Int Open 2021; 9:E297-E305. [PMID: 33655025 PMCID: PMC7892268 DOI: 10.1055/a-1314-6626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims Gastric cancer (GC) is usually preceded by premalignant gastric lesions (GPLs) such as gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM). Information on risk factors associated with neoplastic progression of GIM are scarce. This study aimed to identify predictors for progression of GIM in areas with low GC incidence. Patients and methods The Progression and Regression of Precancerous Gastric Lesions (PROREGAL) study includes patients with GPL. Patients underwent at least two upper endoscopies with random biopsy sampling. Progression of GIM means an increase in severity according to OLGIM (operative link on gastric intestinal metaplasia) during follow-up (FU). Family history and lifestyle factors were determined through questionnaires. Serum Helicobacter pylori infection, pepsinogens (PG), gastrin-17 and GC-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined. Cox regression was performed for risk analysis and a chi-squared test for analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms. Results Three hundred and eight patients (median age at inclusion 61 years, interquartile range (IQR: 17; male 48.4 %; median FU 48 months, IQR: 24) were included. During FU, 116 patients (37.7 %) showed progression of IM and six patients (1.9 %) developed high-grade dysplasia or GC. The minor allele (C) on TLR4 (rs11536889) was inversely associated with progression of GIM (OR 0.6; 95 %CI 0.4-1.0). Family history (HR 1.5; 95 %CI 0.9-2.4) and smoking (HR 1.6; 95 %CI 0.9-2.7) showed trends towards progression of GIM. Alcohol use, body mass index, history of H. pylori infection, and serological markers were not associated with progression. Conclusions Family history and smoking appear to be related to an increased risk of GIM progression in low GC incidence countries. TLR4 (rs11536889) showed a significant inverse association, suggesting that genetic information may play a role in GIM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. V. Nieuwenburg
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. C. Mommersteeg
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E. L. Eikenboom
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B. Yu
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - I. Lisanne Holster
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline M. den Hoed
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L. G Capelle
- Meander Medical Centre, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
| | - Thjon J. Tang
- IJsselland Hospital, Capelle aan den IJssel, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - F. ter Borg
- Deventer Hospital, Deventer, The Netherlands
| | - Jordy P. W. Burger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rijnstate, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Marco J. Bruno
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G. M. Fuhler
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel P. Peppelenbosch
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Doukas
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst J. Kuipers
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manon C.W. Spaander
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Kim K, Chang Y, Ahn J, Yang HJ, Ryu S. Low Levels of Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Intestinal Metaplasia: A Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:2633-2641. [PMID: 32928931 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of alcohol drinking on gastric precancerous lesions remains unclear. We investigated the relationship of alcohol intake with risk of atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM). METHODS This study included 202,675 Korean adults free from AG and IM on their initial endoscopy who were followed with repeated endoscopic examinations. A parametric proportional hazards model was used to estimate the adjusted HR (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident AG and IM based on endoscopic diagnosis. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 4.7 years, 64,853 incident AG cases and 4,536 IM cases were identified. Alcohol consumption including drinking frequency, quantity, and binge drinking were consistently associated with increased risk of both AG and IM in a dose-response manner. After adjustment for confounders, the multivariable aHRs (95% CIs) for incident IM comparing average alcohol intake of <10, 10-<20, 20-<40, and ≥40 g/day with lifetime abstainers were 1.27 (1.02-1.56), 1.34 (1.07-1.66), 1.50 (1.20-1.86), and 1.54 (1.23-1.93), respectively. Former drinkers were also at a higher risk for AG and IM compared with lifetime abstainers. These associations were consistently observed in never smokers and in time-dependent analyses. CONCLUSIONS In a large cohort of Korean individuals, alcohol intake even at low levels was independently associated with increased risk of developing endoscopic AG and IM, supporting a role of alcohol consumption in the pathogenesis of AG and IM, the precursor lesions of stomach cancer. IMPACT Alcohol consumption from low-level drinking may contribute to gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungeun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiin Ahn
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Joon Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Jiang C, Chen Q, Xie M. Smoking increases the risk of infectious diseases: A narrative review. Tob Induc Dis 2020; 18:60. [PMID: 32765200 PMCID: PMC7398598 DOI: 10.18332/tid/123845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking is relevant to infectious diseases resulting in increased prevalence and mortality. In this article, we aim to provide an overview of the effects of smoking in various infections and to explain the potential mechanisms. We searched PubMed and other relevant databases for scientific studies that explored the relationship between smoking and infection. The mechanisms of susceptibility to infection in smokers may include alteration of the structural, functional and immunologic host defences. Smoking is one of the main risk factors for infections in the respiratory tract, digestive tract, reproductive tract, and other systems in humans, increasing the prevalence of HIV, tuberculosis, SARS-CoV, and the current SARS-CoV-2. Smoking cessation can reduce the risk of infection. Smoking increases the incidence of infections and aggravates the progress and prognosis of infectious diseases in a dose-dependent manner. Smoking cessation promotion and education are the most practical and economical preventive measures to reduce aggravation of disease infection owing to tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jiang
- Department of Gerontology and Respirology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingxuan Xie
- Department of Gerontology and Respirology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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12
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Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer: a cohort study. Gastric Cancer 2020; 23:382-390. [PMID: 31853749 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-019-01033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been considered a potential risk factor for gastric cancer, but the evidence is conflicting. We evaluated the association of DM with incident gastric cancer in a large cohort of men and women with endoscopic assessment at baseline and during follow-up. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of 195,312 adult men and women who underwent upper endoscopy at baseline and during follow-up between 2003 and 2014. DM was defined as fasting serum glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, self-reported history of DM or current use of antidiabetic medications. Gastric cancer was confirmed histologically. RESULTS The prevalence of DM at baseline was 3.0% (n = 5774). Over 865,511 person-years of follow-up, 198 participants developed gastric cancer. The fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for incident gastric cancer comparing participants with and without DM at baseline was 1.76 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-2.97; P = 0.033). When we evaluated DM as a time-varying covariate, the fully adjusted HR was 1.66 (95% CI 1.04-2.68; P = 0.036). The association between DM and incident gastric cancer did not differ by the presence of intestinal metaplasia (P for interaction = 0.61). CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort with endoscopic follow-up, DM was independently associated with increased gastric cancer incidence. The increased risk was independent of mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia and was consistent in participants with newly developed DM during follow-up. Patients with DM may require more intensive endoscopic follow-up for gastric cancer screening.
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13
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Kim S, Chang Y, Kang J, Cho A, Cho J, Hong YS, Zhao D, Ahn J, Shin H, Guallar E, Ryu S, Sung KC. Relationship of the Blood Pressure Categories, as Defined by the ACC/AHA 2017 Blood Pressure Guidelines, and the Risk of Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Low-Risk Young Adults: Insights From a Retrospective Cohort of Young Adults. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e011946. [PMID: 31140347 PMCID: PMC6585354 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.011946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background There are limited outcome studies of hypertension among young adults, especially using the new blood pressure (BP) categories from the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. We examined associations between the new BP categories and the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in low‐risk and young adults. Methods and Results A cohort study was performed in 244 837 Korean adults (mean age, 39.0 years; SD, 8.9 years) who underwent a comprehensive health examination at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2016; they were followed up for incident CVD via linkage to the Health Insurance and Review Agency database until the end of 2016, with a median follow‐up of 4.3 years. BP was categorized according to the new American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) hypertension guidelines. During 924 420.7 person‐years, 1435 participants developed new‐onset CVD (incidence rate of 16.0 per 104 person‐years). The multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs ) for CVD comparing elevated BP, stage 1 hypertension, stage 2 hypertension, treated and strictly controlled (systolic BP/diastolic BP <130/80 mm Hg with antihypertensive use), treated and controlled (systolic BP 130–139 and diastolic BP 80 to 89 mm Hg with antihypertensive use), treated uncontrolled, and untreated hypertension to normal BP were 1.37 (1.11–1.68), 1.45 (1.26–1.68), 2.12 (1.74–2.58), 1.41 (1.12–1.78), 1.97 (1.52–2.56), 2.29 (1.56–3.37) and 1.93 (1.53–2.45), respectively. Conclusions In this large cohort of low‐risk and young adults, all categories of higher BP were independently associated with an increased risk of CVD compared with normal BP, underscoring the importance of BP management even in these low‐risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seolhye Kim
- 1 Center for Cohort Studies Total Healthcare Center Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- 1 Center for Cohort Studies Total Healthcare Center Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea.,2 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea.,3 Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonggyu Kang
- 1 Center for Cohort Studies Total Healthcare Center Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Cho
- 1 Center for Cohort Studies Total Healthcare Center Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Cho
- 1 Center for Cohort Studies Total Healthcare Center Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea.,3 Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Republic of Korea.,4 Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD
| | - Yun Soo Hong
- 4 Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD
| | - Di Zhao
- 4 Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD
| | - Jiin Ahn
- 1 Center for Cohort Studies Total Healthcare Center Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Shin
- 1 Center for Cohort Studies Total Healthcare Center Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea.,5 Department of Family Medicine Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul South Korea.,6 Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- 3 Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Republic of Korea.,4 Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD
| | - Seungho Ryu
- 1 Center for Cohort Studies Total Healthcare Center Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea.,2 Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea.,3 Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Sung
- 6 Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
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Kim K, Chang Y, Ahn J, Yang HJ, Jung JY, Kim S, Sohn CI, Ryu S. Body Mass Index and Risk of Intestinal Metaplasia: A Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:789-797. [PMID: 30700447 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the association between body mass index (BMI) and development of endoscopic intestinal metaplasia. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 142,832 Korean adults free of endoscopic intestinal metaplasia and atrophic gastritis who underwent upper endoscopy at baseline and subsequent visits and were followed for up to 5 years. A parametric proportional hazards model was used to estimate the adjusted HR with 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident intestinal metaplasia. RESULTS In more than 444,719.1 person-years of follow-up, 2,281 participants developed endoscopic intestinal metaplasia (incidence rate, 5.1 per 1,000 person-years). Increased BMI categories were associated with increased risk of new-onset intestinal metaplasia in a dose-response manner. After adjustment for age, sex, center, year of screening exam, smoking status, alcohol intake, exercise, total calorie intake, history of diabetes and hypertension, and history of Helicobacter pylori infection, the multivariable adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for incident intestinal metaplasia comparing BMIs of <18.5, 23-24.9, 25.0-29.9, and >30 kg/m2 with a BMI of 18.5-22.9 kg/m2 were 0.84 (0.64-1.09), 1.03 (0.93-1.16), 1.07 (0.96-1.20), and 1.48 (1.20-1.83), respectively. These associations did not differ by clinically relevant subgroups. Risk of endoscopic atrophic gastritis also increased as the baseline BMI category increased. CONCLUSIONS In a large cohort of Korean men and women, obesity was independently associated with increased incidence of endoscopic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. IMPACT Excessive adiposity appears to play a role in development of stomach precursor lesions of stomach cancer, requiring further studies to determine whether strategies to reduce obesity will also help reduce precancerous lesions and, in turn, gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungeun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoosoo Chang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiin Ahn
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Joon Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Young Jung
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seokkyun Kim
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chong Il Sohn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungho Ryu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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