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Zeng Y, Ren X, Jin P, Fan Z, Liu M, Zhang Y, Li L, Zhuo M, Wang J, Li Z, Wu M. Inhibitors and PROTACs of CDK2: challenges and opportunities. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2024:1-24. [PMID: 38994606 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2024.2376655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abundant evidence suggests that the overexpression of CDK2-cyclin A/E complex disrupts normal cell cycle regulation, leading to uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells. Thus, CDK2 has become a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In recent years, insights into the structures of the CDK2 catalytic site and allosteric pockets have provided notable opportunities for developing more effective clinical candidates of CDK2 inhibitors. AREA COVERED This article reviews the latest CDK2 inhibitors that have entered clinical trials and discusses the design and discovery of the most promising new preclinical CDK2 inhibitors in recent years. Additionally, it summarizes the development of allosteric CDK2 inhibitors and CDK2-targeting PROTACs. The review encompasses strategies for inhibitor and PROTAC design, structure-activity relationships, as well as in vitro and in vivo biological assessments. EXPERT OPINION Despite considerable effort, no CDK2 inhibitor has yet received FDA approval for marketing due to poor selectivity and observed toxicity in clinical settings. Future research must prioritize the optimization of the selectivity, potency, and pharmacokinetics of CDK2 inhibitors and PROTACs. Moreover, exploring combination therapies incorporating CDK2 inhibitors with other targeted agents, or the design of multi-target inhibitors, presents significant promise for advancing cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjie Zeng
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Ren
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Pengyao Jin
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhida Fan
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | | | - Yali Zhang
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Linzhao Li
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming Zhuo
- Medical College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jubo Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
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2
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Zhang Y, Zhou S, Kai Y, Zhang YQ, Peng C, Li Z, Mughal MJ, Julie B, Zheng X, Ma J, Ma CX, Shen M, Hall MD, Li S, Zhu W. O-GlcNAcylation of MITF regulates its activity and CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in breast cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5597. [PMID: 38961064 PMCID: PMC11222436 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) play a pivotal role in cell cycle and cancer development. Targeting CDK4/6 has demonstrated promising effects against breast cancer. However, resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), such as palbociclib, remains a substantial challenge in clinical settings. Using high-throughput combinatorial drug screening and genomic sequencing, we find that the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is activated via O-GlcNAcylation by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in palbociclib-resistant breast cancer cells and tumors. Mechanistically, O-GlcNAcylation of MITF at Serine 49 enhances its interaction with importin α/β, thus promoting its translocation to nuclei, where it suppresses palbociclib-induced senescence. Inhibition of MITF or its O-GlcNAcylation re-sensitizes resistant cells to palbociclib. Moreover, clinical studies confirm the activation of MITF in tumors from patients who are palbociclib-resistant or undergoing palbociclib treatment. Collectively, our studies shed light on the mechanism regulating palbociclib resistance and present clinical evidence for developing therapeutic approaches to treat CDK4/6i-resistant breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shuyan Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yan Kai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ya-Qin Zhang
- Division of Preclinical Innovation (Intramural), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Changmin Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zhuqing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Muhammad Jameel Mughal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Belmar Julie
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cynthia X Ma
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Min Shen
- Division of Preclinical Innovation (Intramural), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Matthew D Hall
- Division of Preclinical Innovation (Intramural), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Shunqiang Li
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Wenge Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.
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Hou C, Liu J, Liu J, Yao D, Liang F, Qin C, Ma Z. 5-methylcytosine-mediated upregulation of circular RNA 0102913 augments malignant properties of colorectal cancer cells through a microRNA-571/Rac family small GTPase 2 axis. Gene 2024; 901:148162. [PMID: 38224924 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of stable non-coding RNAs that have emerged as key regulators in human diseases including cancer. This study investigates the role of circRNA_0102913 (circ_0102913) in malignant behavior of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and the underpinning mechanisms. By analyzing CRC-related GSE197991, GSE159669, and GSE223001 datasets, we obtained circ_0102913 as an aberrantly upregulated circRNA in CRC. Increased circ_0102913 expression was detected in CRC tissues and cells. By querying multiple bioinformatics systems (circBank, Circular RNA Interactome, TargetScan, miRDIP, miRwalk, and miRDB), we identified microRNA-571 (miR-571) as a target of circ_0102913 and Rac family small GTPase 2 (RAC2) mRNA as a target of miR-571. Biotinylated-RNA pull-down and/or luciferase assays showed that circ_0102913 bound to miR-571 to restore the expression of RAC2 mRNA. Circ_0102913 silencing or miR-571 overexpression repressed proliferation, migration and invasion, and in vivo tumorigenesis abilities of CRC cells. However, the malignant properties of cells were restored by RAC2 overexpression. The increased circ_0102913 expression in CRC cells was attributed to increased 5-methylcytosine (m5C) modification levels. Silencing of NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 5 reduced the m5C level and therefore reduced stability and expression of circ_0102913 expression in CRC cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that m5C-mediated upregulation of circ_0102913 augments malignant properties of CRC cells through a miR-571/RAC2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Hou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, PR China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Danjie Yao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Oncology Rehabilitation, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Congpeng Qin
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China.
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4
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Zhu W, Zhang YI, Zhou S, Kai Y, Zhang YQ, Peng C, Li Z, Mughal M, Ma J, Li S, Ma C, Shen M, Hall M. O-GlcNAcylation of MITF regulates its activity and CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in breast cancer. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3377962. [PMID: 37886470 PMCID: PMC10602086 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3377962/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) play a pivotal role in cell cycle and cancer development. Targeting CDK4/6 has demonstrated promising effects against breast cancer. However, resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), such as palbociclib, remains a substantial challenge in clinical settings. Using high-throughput combinatorial drug screening and genomic sequencing, we found that the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is activated via O-GlcNAcylation by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in palbociclib-resistant breast cancer cells and tumors; O-GlcNAcylation of MITF at Serine 49 enhanced its interaction with importin α/β, thus promoting its translocation to nuclei, where it suppressed palbociclib-induced senescence; inhibition of MITF or its O-GlcNAcylation re-sensitized resistant cells to palbociclib. Remarkably, clinical studies confirmed the activation of MITF in tumors from patients who are palbociclib-resistant or undergoing palbociclib treatment. Collectively, our studies shed light on a novel mechanism regulating palbociclib-resistance, and present clinical evidence for developing therapeutic approaches to treat CDK4/6i-resistant breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenge Zhu
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | | | - Shuyan Zhou
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | - Yan Kai
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | - Ya-Qin Zhang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
| | - Changmin Peng
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | | | - Muhammad Mughal
- School of medicine and health science, George Washington University
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health
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5
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Pecce V, Sponziello M, Verrienti A, Grani G, Abballe L, Bini S, Annunziata S, Perotti G, Salvatori M, Zagaria L, Maggisano V, Russo D, Filetti S, Durante C. The role of miR-139-5p in radioiodine-resistant thyroid cancer. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:2079-2093. [PMID: 36933170 PMCID: PMC10514163 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radioiodine I-131 (RAI) is the therapy of choice for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Between 5% and 15% of DTC patients become RAI refractory, due to the loss of expression/function of iodide metabolism components, especially the Na/I symporter (NIS). We searched for a miRNA profile associated with RAI-refractory DTC to identify novel biomarkers that could be potential targets for redifferentiation therapy. METHODS We analyzed the expression of 754 miRNAs in 26 DTC tissues: 12 responsive (R) and 14 non-responsive (NR) to RAI therapy. We identified 15 dysregulated miRNAs: 14 were upregulated, while only one (miR-139-5p) was downregulated in NR vs. R tumors. We investigated the role of miR-139-5p in iodine uptake metabolism. We overexpressed miR-139-5p in two primary and five immortalized thyroid cancer cell lines, and we analyzed the transcript and protein levels of NIS and its activation through iodine uptake assay and subcellular protein localization. RESULTS The finding of higher intracellular iodine levels and increased cell membrane protein localization in miR-139-5p overexpressing cells supports the role of this miRNA in the regulation of NIS function. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence of miR-139-5p involvement in iodine uptake metabolism and suggests its possible role as a therapeutic target in restoring iodine uptake in RAI-refractory DTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pecce
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Sponziello
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Verrienti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - G Grani
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Abballe
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - S Bini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Annunziata
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - G Perotti
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Salvatori
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - L Zagaria
- Unità di Medicina Nucleare, TracerGLab, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - V Maggisano
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Di Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - D Russo
- Department of Health Sciences, Università Di Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - S Filetti
- Unitelma, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Durante
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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6
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Wan D, Feng J, Wang P, Yang Z, Sun T. Hypoxia- and Inflammation-Related Transcription Factor SP3 May Be Involved in Platelet Activation and Inflammation in Intracranial Hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2022; 13:886329. [PMID: 35720085 PMCID: PMC9201407 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.886329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the biomarkers implicated in the development of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and potential regulatory pathways. In the transcriptomic data for patients with ICH, we identified DEmiRNAs and DEmRNAs related to hypoxia, inflammation, and their transcription factors (TFs). An ICH-based miRNA-TF-mRNA regulatory network was thus constructed, and four biomarkers (TIMP1, PLAUR, DDIT3, and CD40) were screened for their association with inflammation or hypoxia by machine learning. Following this, SP3 was found to be a transcription factor involved in hypoxia and inflammation, which regulates TIMP1 and PLAUR. From the constructed miRNA-TF-mRNA regulatory network, we identified three axes, hsa-miR-940/RUNX1/TIMP1, hsa-miR-571/SP3/TIMP1, and hsa-miR-571/SP3/PLAUR, which may be involved in the development of ICH. Upregulated TIMP1 and PLAUR were validated in an independent clinical cohort 3 days after ICH onset. According to Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), SP3 was discovered to be important in interleukin signaling and platelet activation for hemostasis. Transcription factor SP3 associated with hypoxia or inflammation plays an important role in development of ICH. This study provides potential targets for monitoring the severity of inflammation and hypoxia in patients with ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jin Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhenxing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Sun
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7
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Yang L, Guo G, Yu X, Wen Y, Lin Y, Zhang R, Zhao D, Huang Z, Wang G, Yan Y, Zhang X, Chen D, Xing W, Wang W, Zeng W, Zhang L. Mutation-Derived Long Noncoding RNA Signature Predicts Survival in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:780631. [PMID: 35372012 PMCID: PMC8965709 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.780631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic instability is one of the representative features of cancer evolution. Recent research has revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in maintaining genomic instability. Our work proposed a gene signature (GILncSig) based on genomic instability-derived lncRNAs to probe the possibility of lncRNA signatures as an index of genomic instability, providing a potential new approach to identify genomic instability-related cancer biomarkers. Methods Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) gene expression data from an RNA-seq FPKM dataset, somatic mutation information and relevant clinical materials were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A prognostic model consisting of genomic instability-related lncRNAs was constructed, termed GILncSig, to calculate the risk score. We validated GILncSig using data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. In this study, we used R software for data analysis. Results Through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, five genomic instability-associated lncRNAs (LINC01671, LINC01116, LINC01214, lncRNA PTCSC3, and LINC02555) were identified. We constructed a lncRNA signature (GILncSig) related to genomic instability. LUAD patients were classified into two risk groups by GILncSig. The results showed that the survival rate of LUAD patients in the low-risk group was higher than that of those in the high-risk group. Then, we verified GILncSig in the GEO database. GILncSig was associated with the genomic mutation rate of LUAD. We also used GILncSig to divide TP53 mutant-type patients and TP53 wild-type patients into two groups and performed prognostic analysis. The results suggested that compared with TP53 mutation status, GILncSig may have better prognostic significance. Conclusions By combining the lncRNA expression profiles associated with somatic mutations and the corresponding clinical characteristics of LUAD, a lncRNA signature (GILncSig) related to genomic instability was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangran Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingsheng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongbin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rusi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dechang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zirui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gongming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongtai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weian Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Zhao H, Gezi G, Tian X, Jia P, Morigen M, Fan L. Lysophosphatidic Acid-Induced EGFR Transactivation Promotes Gastric Cancer Cell DNA Replication by Stabilizing Geminin in the S Phase. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:706240. [PMID: 34658851 PMCID: PMC8511314 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.706240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Geminin, an inhibitor of the DNA replication licensing factor, chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor (Cdt) 1, is essential for the maintenance of genomic integrity. As a multifunctional protein, geminin is also involved in tumor progression, but the molecular details are largely unknown. Here, we found that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)–induced upregulation of geminin was specific to gastric cancer cells. LPA acted via LPA receptor (LPAR) 3 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) signaling to transactivate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (Y1173) and thereby stabilize geminin expression level during the S phase. LPA also induced the expression of deubiquitinating protein (DUB) 3, which prevented geminin degradation. These results reveal a novel mechanism underlying gastric cancer progression that involves the regulation of geminin stability by LPA-induced EGFR transactivation and provide potential targets for the signaling pathway and tumor cell–specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haile Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Gezi Gezi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoxia Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Peijun Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Morigen Morigen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lifei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
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9
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Chen R, Lei S, She Y, Zhou S, Shi H, Li C, Jiang T. Lnc-GD2H Promotes Proliferation by Forming a Feedback Loop With c-Myc and Enhances Differentiation Through Interacting With NACA to Upregulate Myog in C2C12 Myoblasts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671857. [PMID: 34490239 PMCID: PMC8416608 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the roles of a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), lnc-GD2H, in promoting C2C12 myoblast proliferation and differentiation and muscle regeneration were investigated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU), immunofluorescence staining, luciferase reporter, mass spectrometry, pulldown, chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, wound healing assays, and cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced muscle injury assays. It was observed that lnc-GD2H promoted myoblast proliferation as evidenced by the enhancement of the proliferation markers c-Myc, CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6, percentage of EdU-positive cells, and rate of cell survival during C2C12 myoblast proliferation. Additional experiments confirmed that c-Myc bound to the lnc-GD2H promoter and regulated its transcription. lnc-GD2H promoted cell differentiation with enhanced MyHC immunostaining as well as increased expression of the myogenic marker genes myogenin (Myog), Mef2a, and Mef2c during myoblast differentiation. Additional assays indicated that lnc-GD2H interacted with NACA which plays a role of transcriptional regulation in myoblast differentiation, and the enrichment of NACA at the Myog promoter was impaired by lnc-GD2H. Furthermore, inhibition of lnc-GD2H impaired muscle regeneration after CTX-induced injury in mice. lnc-GD2H facilitated the expression of proliferating marker genes and formed a feedback loop with c-Myc during myoblast proliferation. In differentiating myoblasts, lnc-GD2H interacted with NACA to relieve the inhibitory effect of NACA on Myog, facilitating Myog expression to promote differentiation. The results provide evidence for the role of lncRNAs in muscle regeneration and are useful for developing novel therapeutic targets for muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Lei
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling She
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyao Zhou
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huacai Shi
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Guangdong Traditional Medical and Sports Injury Rehabilitation Research Institute, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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MiRNAs and Cancer: Key Link in Diagnosis and Therapy. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081289. [PMID: 34440464 PMCID: PMC8395027 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the first microRNA (miRNA), the exploration of miRNA biology has come to a new era in recent decades. Monumental studies have proven that miRNAs can be dysregulated in different types of cancers and the roles of miRNAs turn out to function to either tumor promoters or tumor suppressors. The interplay between miRNAs and the development of cancers has grabbed attention of miRNAs as novel tools and targets for therapeutic attempts. Moreover, the development of miRNA delivery system accelerates miRNA preclinical implications. In this review, we depict recent advances of miRNAs in cancer and discuss the potential diagnostic or therapeutic approaches of miRNAs.
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11
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Shi Y, Wang X, Zhu Q, Chen G. The Ribosomal Protein L28 Gene Induces Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:685694. [PMID: 34307151 PMCID: PMC8299949 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.685694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sorafenib is the first molecular-targeted drug for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its treatment efficiency decreases after a short period of time because of the development of drug resistance. This study investigates the role of key genes in regulating sorafenib-resistance and elucidates the mechanism of drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods The HCC HepG2 cells were used to generate a sorafenib-resistant cell model by culturing the cells in gradually increasing concentration of sorafenib. RNA microarray was applied to profile gene expression and screen key genes associated with sorafenib resistance. Specific targets were knockdown in sorafenib-resistant HepG2 cells for functional studies. The HCC model was established in ACI rats using Morris hepatoma3924A cells to validate selected genes associated with sorafenib resistance in vivo. Results The HepG2 sorafenib-resistant cell model was successfully established. The IC50 of sorafenib was 9.988μM in HepG2 sorafenib-resistant cells. A total of 35 up-regulated genes were detected by expression profile chip. High-content screening technology was used and a potential drug-resistance related gene RPL28 was filtered out. After knocking down RPL28 in HepG2 sorafenib-resistant cells, the results of cell proliferation and apoptosis illustrated that RPL28 is the key gene involving in drug resistance. Furthermore, it was found that both RNA and protein expression of RPL28 increased in HepG2 sorafenib-resistant specimens of Morris Hepatoma rats. In addition, the expression of proliferative protein Ki-67 increased in sorafenib-resistant cells. Conclusion Our study suggested that RPL28 is a key gene inducing sorafenib resistance in HCC and could be a potential target for the treatment of drug-resistant HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- Departments of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojiang Wang
- Departments of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiong Zhu
- Departments of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Departments of Molecular Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Departments of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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12
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Zhang S, Wang Y, Zhang H, Sun C, Dang S, Liu M. Hydroxyphenyl Butanone Induces Cell Cycle Arrest through Inhibition of GSK3 β in Colorectal Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9981815. [PMID: 34307685 PMCID: PMC8272657 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9981815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the top three gastrointestinal malignancy in morbidity and mortality. The abnormal activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway is considered to be a key factor in the occurrence and development of CRC. Novel inhibitor discovery against key factor in WNT pathway is important for CRC treatment and prevention. METHODS Cell proliferation was detected after hydroxyphenyl butanone treatment in human colorectal cancer HCT116, LOVO, and normal colonic epithelial NCM460 cells. Colony formation, cell invasion ability, and cell cycle were detected with and without GSK-3β knockdown. RESULTS Hydroxyphenyl butanone induces cycle arresting on G1-S phase of colorectal cancer cell line through GSK3β in Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inhibits malignant biological manifestations of cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion. The inhibition in the high concentration group is stronger than that in the low concentration group, and the antitumor effect is different for different tumor cells. Under the same concentration of natural hydroxyphenyl butanone, the inhibition on normal colonic epithelial cells is significantly lower than that on tumor cells. The natural hydroxyphenyl butanone with medium and low concentration could promote the proliferation of normal colonic epithelial cells. CONCLUSION This study illustrated natural hydroxyphenyl butanone as new inhibitor of GSK3β and revealed the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Haopeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chengming Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Shuwei Dang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
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13
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Li R, Liao B, Wang B, Dai C, Liang X, Tian G, Wu F. Identification of Tumor Tissue of Origin with RNA-Seq Data and Using Gradient Boosting Strategy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6653793. [PMID: 33681364 PMCID: PMC7904362 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6653793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a type of malignant tumor, which is histologically diagnosed as a metastatic carcinoma while the tissue-of-origin cannot be identified. CUP accounts for roughly 5% of all cancers. Traditional treatment for CUP is primarily broad-spectrum chemotherapy; however, the prognosis is relatively poor. Thus, it is of clinical importance to accurately infer the tissue-of-origin of CUP. METHODS We developed a gradient boosting framework to trace tissue-of-origin of 20 types of solid tumors. Specifically, we downloaded the expression profiles of 20,501 genes for 7713 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), which were used as the training data set. The RNA-seq data of 79 tumor samples from 6 cancer types with known origins were also downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) for an independent data set. RESULTS 400 genes were selected to train a gradient boosting model for identification of the primary site of the tumor. The overall 10-fold cross-validation accuracy of our method was 96.1% across 20 types of cancer, while the accuracy for the independent data set reached 83.5%. CONCLUSION Our gradient boosting framework was proven to be accurate in identifying tumor tissue-of-origin on both training data and independent testing data, which might be of practical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixi Li
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 570100, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Application of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Key Laboratory of Data Science and Intelligence Education (Hainan Normal University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Bo Liao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 570100, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Application of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Key Laboratory of Data Science and Intelligence Education (Hainan Normal University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao 266000, China
- Geneis (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China
| | - Chan Dai
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao 266000, China
- Geneis (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xin Liang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 570100, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Application of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Key Laboratory of Data Science and Intelligence Education (Hainan Normal University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big Data Mining and Precision Medicine, Qingdao 266000, China
- Geneis (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China
| | - Fangxiang Wu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 570100, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Application of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Key Laboratory of Data Science and Intelligence Education (Hainan Normal University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 571158, China
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N5A9, Canada
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14
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Cheng C, Li W, Peng X, Liu X, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Deng T, Luo R, Fang W, Deng X. miR-1254 induced by NESG1 inactivates HDGF/DDX5-stimulated nuclear translocation of β-catenin and suppresses NPC metastasis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 20:615-624. [PMID: 33718512 PMCID: PMC7907678 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in Chinese and other Southeast Asians. We aimed to explore the precise mechanism for NESG1 in NPC for understanding the pathogenesis of NPC. Transwell, Boyden assays, and wounding healing were respectively performed for cell metastasis. The microRNA (miRNA) microarray and luciferase reporter assays were designed to clarify NESG1-modulated miRNAs and miR-1254-targeted protein. Western blotting assays examined the pathways regulated by miR-1254, the (Hepatoma-Derived Growth Factor) HDGF/DDX5 complex, and NESG1. The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and co-immunoprecipitation (coIP) assays were used to explore the DNA-protein complex and protein-protein complex. NESG1 suppressed NPC migration and invasion via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Further, miR-1254 was confirmed as a positive downstream modulator of NESG1 reducing metastatic abilities of NPC cells in vivo and in vitro. Transduction of HDGF significantly restored cell migration and invasion ability in miR-1254-overexpressing NPC cells. In clinical samples, miR-1254 expression was negatively correlated with HDGF and positively correlated with NESG1 expression. miR-1254 acts as an independent prognostic factor for NPC, which was induced by NESG1 to suppress NPC metastasis via inactivating Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its downstream EMT signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Cheng
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenmin Li
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Peng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- E.N.T. Department of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongyuan Deng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongcheng Luo
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Deng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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African Swine Fever Virus Structural Protein p17 Inhibits Cell Proliferation through ER Stress-ROS Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest. Viruses 2020; 13:v13010021. [PMID: 33374251 PMCID: PMC7823474 DOI: 10.3390/v13010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly pathogenic large DNA virus that causes African swine fever (ASF) in domestic pigs and wild boars. The p17 protein, encoded by the D117L gene, is a major transmembrane protein of the capsid and the inner lipid envelope. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of p17 on cell proliferation and the underlying mechanisms of action. The effects of p17 on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress have been examined in 293T, PK15, and PAM cells, respectively. The results showed that p17 reduced cell proliferation by causing cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Further, p17-induced oxidative stress and increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Decreasing the level of ROS partially reversed the cell cycle arrest and prevented the decrease of cell proliferation induced by p17 protein. In addition, p17-induced ER stress, and alleviating ER stress decreased the production of ROS and prevented the decrease of cell proliferation induced by p17. Taken together, this study suggests that p17 can inhibit cell proliferation through ER stress and ROS-mediated cell cycle arrest, which might implicate the involvement of p17 in ASF pathogenesis.
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16
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Studying the Role and Molecular Mechanisms of MAP4K3 in Sorafenib Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4965670. [PMID: 33204699 PMCID: PMC7665914 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4965670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib is the first FDA-approved therapeutic drug for molecular target medication on advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. It is reported that sorafenib could improve the survival of progression-free patients for 4 to 6 months; however, most of the patients developed drug resistance. Thus, it is critical to reveal the biological mechanisms behind sorafenib resistance. In this study, a sorafenib-resistant model was developed by exposing HepG2 cells to sorafenib with gradient increasing concentration, and the resistance-related genes were screened by microarray. Real-time qPCR was used to validate selected gene expression of the resistance model, and lentivirus vector-mediated RNA interference was applied for specific gene knockdown. In addition, high-throughput High Celigo Select (HCS) and flow cytometry were used to measure the effect on cellular proliferation and apoptosis. As a result, our study established a sorafenib-resistant model with IC50 of 9.988 μM. The Affymetrix expression profile of the sorafenib-resistant model showed 35 resistant-related genes, and 91.4% of the resistant genes showed upregulation in HepG2 resistance cells. In addition, 20 genes were knocked down to measure cell proliferation, and MAP4K3 with high proliferation inhibiting phenotype was chosen for further study. Meanwhile, the HCS results revealed that shMAP4K3 transfection could downregulate resistant cell proliferation, and the flow cytometry results showed that cell apoptosis was significantly increased in the MAP4K3 knockdown group. In summary, MAP4K3 is a novel molecular marker for improving the drug sensitivity of sorafenib treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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17
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Tu R, Chen Z, Bao Q, Liu H, Qing G. Crosstalk between oncogenic MYC and noncoding RNAs in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 75:62-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Ma J, Hong Y, Chen W, Li D, Tian K, Wang K, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Song L, Chen L, Zhang L, Du J, Zhang J, Wu Z, Zhang D, Wang L. High Copy-Number Variation Burdens in Cranial Meningiomas From Patients With Diverse Clinical Phenotypes Characterized by Hot Genomic Structure Changes. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1382. [PMID: 32923390 PMCID: PMC7457130 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas, as the most common primary tumor of the central nervous system, are known to harbor genomic aberrations that associate with clinical phenotypes. Here we performed genome-wide genotyping for cranial meningiomas in 383 Chinese patients and identified 9,821 copy-number variations (CNVs). Particularly, patients with diverse clinical features had distinct tumor CNV profiles. CNV burdens were greater in high-grade (WHO grade II and III) samples, recurrent lesions, large tumors (diameter >4.3 cm), and those collected from male patients. Nevertheless, the level of CNV burden did not relate to tumor locations, peritumoral brain edema, bone invasion, or multiple lesions. Overall, the most common tumor CNVs were the copy-number gain (CNG) at 22q11.1 and the copy-number losses (CNLs) at 22q13.2, 14q11.2, 1p34.3, and 1p31.3. Recurrent lesions were featured by the CNLs at 1p31.3, 6q22.31, 9p21.3, and 11p12, and high-grade samples had more CNVs at 4q13.3 and 6q22.31. Meanwhile, large tumors were more likely to have the CNVs at 1p31.3 and 1p34.3. Additionally, recurrence prediction indicated the CNLs at 4p16.3 (p = 0.009, hazard ratio = 5.69) and 10p11.22 (p = 0.037, hazard ratio = 4.53) were candidate independent risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqiang Hong
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaibing Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lairong Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangpeng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Department of Neuropathology, Beijing Neurological Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junting Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Dake Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Center of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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19
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He B, Dai C, Lang J, Bing P, Tian G, Wang B, Yang J. A machine learning framework to trace tumor tissue-of-origin of 13 types of cancer based on DNA somatic mutation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165916. [PMID: 32771416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP), defined as metastatic cancers with unknown cancer origin, occurs in 3-5 per 100 cancer patients in the United States. Heterogeneity and metastasis of cancer brings great difficulties to the follow-up diagnosis and treatment for CUP. To find the tissue-of-origin (TOO) of the CUP, multiple methods have been raised. However, the accuracies for computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) to identify TOO were 20%-27% and 24%-40% respectively, which were not enough for determining targeted therapies. In this study, we provide a machine learning framework to trace tumor tissue origin by using gene length-normalized somatic mutation sequencing data. Somatic mutation data was downloaded from the Data Portal (Release 28) of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), and 4909 samples for 13 cancers was used to identify primary site of cancers. Optimal results were obtained based on a 600-gene set by using the random forest algorithm with 10-fold cross-validation, and the average accuracy and F1-score were 0.8822 and 0.8886 respectively across 13 types of cancer. In conclusion, we provide an effective computational framework to infer cancer tissue-of-origin by combining DNA sequencing and machine learning techniques, which is promising in assisting clinical diagnosis of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingsheng He
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China.
| | - Chan Dai
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jidong Lang
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China
| | - Pingping Bing
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China.
| | - Jialiang Yang
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China; Geneis Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, China.
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20
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Champeris Tsaniras S, Delinasios GJ, Petropoulos M, Panagopoulos A, Anagnostopoulos AK, Villiou M, Vlachakis D, Bravou V, Stathopoulos GT, Taraviras S. DNA Replication Inhibitor Geminin and Retinoic Acid Signaling Participate in Complex Interactions Associated With Pluripotency. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2019; 16:593-601. [PMID: 31659113 PMCID: PMC6885373 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Several links between DNA replication, pluripotency and development have been recently identified. The involvement of miRNA in the regulation of cell cycle events and pluripotency factors has also gained attention. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, we used the g:Profiler platform to analyze transcription factor binding sites, miRNA networks and protein-protein interactions to identify novel links among the aforementioned processes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION A complex circuitry between retinoic acid signaling, SWI/SNF components, pluripotency factors including Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog and cell cycle regulators was identified. It is suggested that the DNA replication inhibitor geminin plays a central role in this circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Champeris Tsaniras
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, U.S.A
| | | | | | | | - Athanasios K Anagnostopoulos
- International Institute of Anticancer Research, Kapandriti, Greece
- Proteomics Research Unit, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Villiou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vlachakis
- Bioinformatics & Medical Informatics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Bravou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios T Stathopoulos
- Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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