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Gong Y, Germeraad WTV, Zhang X, Wu N, Li B, Janssen L, He Z, Gijbels MJJ, Wu B, Gijsbers BLMG, Olieslagers TI, Bos GMJ, Zheng L, Klein Wolterink RGJ. NKG2A genetic deletion promotes human primary NK cell anti-tumor responses better than an anti-NKG2A monoclonal antibody. Mol Ther 2024:S1525-0016(24)00424-6. [PMID: 38943249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells eliminate infected or cancer cells via their cytotoxic capacity. NKG2A is an inhibitory receptor on NK cells and cancer cells often overexpress its ligand HLA-E to evade NK cell surveillance. Given the successes of immune checkpoint blockade in cancer therapy, NKG2A is an interesting novel target. However, anti-NKG2A antibodies have shown limited clinical response. In the pursuit of enhancing NK cell-mediated anti-tumor responses, we devised a Cas9-based strategy to delete KLRC1, encoding NKG2A, in human primary NK cells. Our approach involved electroporation of KLRC1-targeting Cas9 ribonucleoprotein resulting in effective ablation of NKG2A expression. Compared with anti-NKG2A antibody blockade, NKG2AKO NK cells exhibited enhanced activation, reduced suppressive signaling, and elevated expression of key transcription factors. NKG2AKO NK cells overcame inhibition from HLA-E, significantly boosting NK cell activity against solid and hematologic cancer cells. We validated this efficacy across multiple cell lines, a xenograft mouse model, and primary human leukemic cells. Combining NKG2A knockout with antibody coating of tumor cells further enhanced cytotoxicity through ADCC. Thus, we provide a comprehensive comparison of inhibition of the NKG2A pathway using genetic ablation and antibodies and provide novel insight in the observed differences in molecular mechanisms, which can be translated to enhance adoptive NK cell immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6227 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW - Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfred T V Germeraad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6227 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW - Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; CiMaas BV, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Xulin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Nisha Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Lynn Janssen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6227 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW - Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Zongzhong He
- Department of Transfusion Medicine of General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Marion J J Gijbels
- GROW - Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bodeng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Birgit L M G Gijsbers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6227 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW - Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Timo I Olieslagers
- GROW - Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Transplantation Immunology, Tissue Typing Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard M J Bos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6227 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW - Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; CiMaas BV, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Rapid Diagnostic Biosensors, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.
| | - Roel G J Klein Wolterink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6227 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW - Research Institute for Oncology & Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Khakwani MMAK, Ji XY, Khattak S, Sun YC, Yao K, Zhang L. Targeting colorectal cancer at the level of nuclear pore complex. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00245-5. [PMID: 38876192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are the architectures entrenched in nuclear envelop of a cell that regulate the nucleo-cytoplasmic transportation of materials, such as proteins and RNAs for proper functioning of a cell. The appropriate localization of proteins and RNAs within the cell is essential for its normal functionality. For such a complex transportation of materials across the NPC, around 60 proteins are involved comprising nucleoporins, karyopherins and RAN system proteins that play a vital role in NPC's structure formation, cargo translocation across NPC, and cargoes' rapid directed transportation respectively. In various cancers, the structure and function of NPC is often exaggerated, following altered expressions of its nucleoporins and karyopherins, affecting other proteins of associated signaling pathways. Some inhibitors of karyopherins at present, have potential to regulate the altered level/expression of these karyopherin molecules. AIM OF REVIEW This review summarizes the data from 1990 to 2023, mainly focusing on recent studies that illustrate the structure and function of NPC, the relationship and mechanisms of nucleoporins and karyopherins with colorectal cancer, as well as therapeutic values, in order to understand the pathology and underlying basis of colorectal cancer associated with NPC. This is the first review to our knowledge elucidating the detailed updated studies targeting colorectal cancer at NPC. The review also aims to target certain karyopherins, Nups and their possible inhibitors and activators molecules as a therapeutic strategy. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW NPC structure provides understanding, how nucleoporins and karyopherins as key molecules are responsible for appropriate nucleocytoplasmic transportation. Many studies provide evidences, describing the role of disrupted nucleoporins and karyopherins not only in CRC but also in other non-hematological and hematological malignancies. At present, some inhibitors of karyopherins have therapeutic potential for CRC, however development of more potent inhibitors may provide more effective therapeutic strategies for CRC in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mahtab Aslam Khan Khakwani
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Department of Oncology, Huaxian County Hospital, Huaxian, Henan Province 456400, China; Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Gong-Ming Rd, Mazhai Town, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan 450064, China
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ying-Chuan Sun
- Department of Internal Oncology (Section I), Xuchang Municipal Central Hospital, Xuchang, Henan 430000, China
| | - Kunhou Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
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Newell S, van der Watt PJ, Leaner VD. Therapeutic targeting of nuclear export and import receptors in cancer and their potential in combination chemotherapy. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:4-25. [PMID: 37623925 PMCID: PMC10952567 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Systemic modalities are crucial in the management of disseminated malignancies and liquid tumours. However, patient responses and tolerability to treatment are generally poor and those that enter remission often return with refractory disease. Combination therapies provide a methodology to overcome chemoresistance mechanisms and address dose-limiting toxicities. A deeper understanding of tumorigenic processes at the molecular level has brought a targeted therapy approach to the forefront of cancer research, and novel cancer biomarkers are being identified at a rapid rate, with some showing potential therapeutic benefits. The Karyopherin superfamily of proteins is soluble receptors that mediate nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of proteins and RNAs, and recently, nuclear transport receptors have been recognized as novel anticancer targets. Inhibitors against nuclear export have been approved for clinical use against certain cancer types, whereas inhibitors against nuclear import are in preclinical stages of investigation. Mechanistically, targeting nucleocytoplasmic shuttling has shown to abrogate oncogenic signalling and restore tumour suppressor functions through nuclear sequestration of relevant proteins and mRNAs. Hence, nuclear transport inhibitors display broad spectrum anticancer activity and harbour potential to engage in synergistic interactions with a wide array of cytotoxic agents and other targeted agents. This review is focussed on the most researched nuclear transport receptors in the context of cancer, XPO1 and KPNB1, and highlights how inhibitors targeting these receptors can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of standard of care therapies and novel targeted agents in a combination therapy approach. Furthermore, an updated review on the therapeutic targeting of lesser characterized karyopherin proteins is provided and resistance to clinically approved nuclear export inhibitors is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Newell
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Pauline J. van der Watt
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Virna D. Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- UCT/SAMRC Gynaecological Cancer Research CentreUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
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Yang Y, Guo L, Chen L, Gong B, Jia D, Sun Q. Nuclear transport proteins: structure, function, and disease relevance. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:425. [PMID: 37945593 PMCID: PMC10636164 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01649-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper subcellular localization is crucial for the functioning of biomacromolecules, including proteins and RNAs. Nuclear transport is a fundamental cellular process that regulates the localization of many macromolecules within the nuclear or cytoplasmic compartments. In humans, approximately 60 proteins are involved in nuclear transport, including nucleoporins that form membrane-embedded nuclear pore complexes, karyopherins that transport cargoes through these complexes, and Ran system proteins that ensure directed and rapid transport. Many of these nuclear transport proteins play additional and essential roles in mitosis, biomolecular condensation, and gene transcription. Dysregulation of nuclear transport is linked to major human diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections. Selinexor (KPT-330), an inhibitor targeting the nuclear export factor XPO1 (also known as CRM1), was approved in 2019 to treat two types of blood cancers, and dozens of clinical trials of are ongoing. This review summarizes approximately three decades of research data in this field but focuses on the structure and function of individual nuclear transport proteins from recent studies, providing a cutting-edge and holistic view on the role of nuclear transport proteins in health and disease. In-depth knowledge of this rapidly evolving field has the potential to bring new insights into fundamental biology, pathogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Guo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Gong
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qingxiang Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.
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5
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Recent Advances in the Applications of Small Molecules in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032645. [PMID: 36768967 PMCID: PMC9917049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy for multiple myeloma (MM), a hematologic neoplasm of plasma cells, has undergone remarkable changes over the past 25 years. Small molecules (molecular weight of less than one kDa), together with newer immunotherapies that include monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and most recently, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, have combined to double the disease's five-year survival rate to over 50% during the past few decades. Despite these advances, the disease is still considered incurable, and its treatment continues to pose substantial challenges, since therapeutic refractoriness and patient relapse are exceedingly common. This review focuses on the current pipeline, along with the contemporary roles and future prospects for small molecules in MM therapy. While small molecules offer prospective benefits in terms of oral bioavailability, cellular penetration, simplicity of preparation, and improved cost-benefit considerations, they also pose problems of toxicity due to off-target effects. Highlighted in the discussion are recent developments in the applications of alkylating agents, immunomodulators, proteasome inhibitors, apoptosis inducers, kinesin spindle protein inhibitors, blockers of nuclear transport, and drugs that affect various kinases involved in intracellular signaling pathways. Molecular and cellular targets are described for each class of agents in relation to their roles as drivers of MM.
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Huang W, Wang JX, Shen X, Lei Y, Chen X, Jia D, Zhang X, Sun Q. Searching for Novel Noncovalent Nuclear Export Inhibitors through a Drug Repurposing Approach. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1574-1582. [PMID: 36622814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal region maintenance protein 1 (CRM1) is a validated anticancer drug target, and its covalent inhibitor KPT-330 has been approved for marketing. However, the development of CRM1 inhibitors, especially the noncovalent ones, is still very limited. Drug repurposing is an effective strategy to develop drug leads for new targets. In this work, we virtually screened a library of marketed drugs and identified zafirlukast as a new CRM1 inhibitor. Biochemical and structural analysis revealed that zafirlukast was a noncovalent CRM1 inhibitor that bound to four subpockets in the nuclear-export-signal (NES) groove. Methylation of the sulfonamide group rendered zafirlukast completely inactive against CRM1. Zafirlukast inhibited the growth of a variety of cancer cells and worked synergistically with the drug doxorubicin. Taken together, these works laid a solid foundation for reshaping zafirlukast as a valuable lead compound for further design of noncovalent, specific, and potent CRM1 inhibitors toward the treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Huang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jia-Xi Wang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yuqin Lei
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingxiang Sun
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Coutinho DF, Mundi PS, Marks LJ, Burke C, Ortiz MV, Diolaiti D, Bird L, Vallance KL, Ibáñez G, You D, Long M, Rosales N, Grunn A, Ndengu A, Siddiquee A, Gaviria ES, Rainey AR, Fazlollahi L, Hosoi H, Califano A, Kung AL, Dela Cruz FS. Validation of a non-oncogene encoded vulnerability to exportin 1 inhibition in pediatric renal tumors. MED 2022; 3:774-791.e7. [PMID: 36195086 PMCID: PMC9669237 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs) and Wilms' tumors (WTs) are rare and aggressive renal tumors of infants and young children comprising ∼5% of all pediatric cancers. MRTs are among the most genomically stable cancers, and although WTs are genomically heterogeneous, both generally lack therapeutically targetable genetic mutations. METHODS Comparative protein activity analysis of MRTs (n = 68) and WTs (n = 132) across TCGA and TARGET cohorts, using metaVIPER, revealed elevated exportin 1 (XPO1) inferred activity. In vitro studies were performed on a panel of MRT and WT cell lines to evaluate effects on proliferation and cell-cycle progression following treatment with the selective XPO1 inhibitor selinexor. In vivo anti-tumor activity was assessed in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of MRTs and WTs. FINDINGS metaVIPER analysis identified markedly aberrant activation of XPO1 in MRTs and WTs compared with other tumor types. All MRT and most WT cell lines demonstrated baseline, aberrant XPO1 activity with in vitro sensitivity to selinexor via cell-cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. In vivo, XPO1 inhibitors significantly abrogated tumor growth in PDX models, inducing effective disease control with sustained treatment. Corroborating human relevance, we present a case report of a child with multiply relapsed WTs with prolonged disease control on selinexor. CONCLUSIONS We report on a novel systems-biology-based comparative framework to identify non-genetically encoded vulnerabilities in genomically quiescent pediatric cancers. These results have provided preclinical rationale for investigation of XPO1 inhibitors in an upcoming investigator-initiated clinical trial of selinexor in children with MRTs and WTs and offer opportunities for exploration of inferred XPO1 activity as a potential predictive biomarker for response. FUNDING This work was funded by CureSearch for Children's Cancer, Alan B. Slifka Foundation, NIH (U01 CA217858, S10 OD012351, and S10 OD021764), Michael's Miracle Cure, Hyundai Hope on Wheels, Cannonball Kids Cancer, Conquer Cancer the ASCO Foundation, Cycle for Survival, Paulie Strong Foundation, and the Grayson Fund.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego F Coutinho
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Prabhjot S Mundi
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lianna J Marks
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chelsey Burke
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michael V Ortiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daniel Diolaiti
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lauren Bird
- Cook Children's Hematology and Oncology, Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
| | - Kelly L Vallance
- Cook Children's Hematology and Oncology, Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
| | - Glorymar Ibáñez
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daoqi You
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Matthew Long
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nestor Rosales
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Adina Grunn
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andoyo Ndengu
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Armaan Siddiquee
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ervin S Gaviria
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Allison R Rainey
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ladan Fazlollahi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hajime Hosoi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Andrea Califano
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Andrew L Kung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Filemon S Dela Cruz
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Liu G, Chen T, Zhang X, Ma X, Shi H. Small molecule inhibitors targeting the cancers. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e181. [PMID: 36254250 PMCID: PMC9560750 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with traditional therapies, targeted therapy has merits in selectivity, efficacy, and tolerability. Small molecule inhibitors are one of the primary targeted therapies for cancer. Due to their advantages in a wide range of targets, convenient medication, and the ability to penetrate into the central nervous system, many efforts have been devoted to developing more small molecule inhibitors. To date, 88 small molecule inhibitors have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration to treat cancers. Despite remarkable progress, small molecule inhibitors in cancer treatment still face many obstacles, such as low response rate, short duration of response, toxicity, biomarkers, and resistance. To better promote the development of small molecule inhibitors targeting cancers, we comprehensively reviewed small molecule inhibitors involved in all the approved agents and pivotal drug candidates in clinical trials arranged by the signaling pathways and the classification of small molecule inhibitors. We discussed lessons learned from the development of these agents, the proper strategies to overcome resistance arising from different mechanisms, and combination therapies concerned with small molecule inhibitors. Through our review, we hoped to provide insights and perspectives for the research and development of small molecule inhibitors in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui‐Hong Liu
- Department of BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyCancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyCancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xue‐Lei Ma
- Department of BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyCancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Hua‐Shan Shi
- Department of BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyCancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Richard S, Jagannath S. Targeting Nuclear Export Proteins in Multiple Myeloma Therapy. BioDrugs 2022; 36:13-25. [PMID: 35113384 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-021-00514-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear export proteins such as exportin-1 (XPO1) transport tumor-suppressor proteins and other growth-regulatory proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Overexpression of XPO1 has been observed in several cancers and correlates with shorter event-free and overall survival in multiple myeloma. Selinexor was developed as an oral first-in-class selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) that inhibits XPO1. Preclinical studies in tumor cell lines and mouse models have demonstrated the efficacy of selinexor both as a single agent and in various combinations with known active antimyeloma agents. Results from the pivotal phase II STORM trial led to the US FDA approval of selinexor with dexamethasone in penta-refractory myeloma. Because of the feasibility of combining selinexor with other active antimyeloma agents, the multiarm STOMP trial was initiated and is ongoing, with impressive response rates reported in some of the combination arms thus far. The registrational phase III BOSTON trial demonstrated the superiority of selinexor in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone as compared with bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who have received one to three prior anti-MM regimens. The toxicity profile of selinexor is well established and predictable and may be significant unless managed aggressively and preemptively. The most common side effects are thrombocytopenia, anemia, neutropenia, fatigue, nausea, anorexia, and weight loss. Hyponatremia and cataracts seem to be class effects. Other SINE compounds are now being studied in efforts to discover agents that will potentially be better tolerated. Eltanexor is an investigational SINE compound that has shown a more positive toxicity profile in preclinical studies, with reduced central nervous system penetration and gastrointestinal side effects, and is now undergoing clinical investigation. These and other trials will further clarify the role of these innovative agents in the therapeutic advancement of RRMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambavi Richard
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1185, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sundar Jagannath
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1185, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Yang J, Jin RM, Wang SY, Xie XT, Hu W, Tang HF, Liu B. Co-delivery of paclitaxel and doxorubicin using polypeptide-engineered nanogels for combination therapy of tumor. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:155101. [PMID: 34963110 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac46b4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Loading of chemotherapeutic agents into nanoparticles has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy for cancer therapy. However, simultaneous delivery of different functional drugs to tumor sites for chemotherapy still remains challenging. In this study, nanogels formed by an engineered coiled-coil polypeptide PC10A were designed and prepared as a carrier for co-delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX) through ultrasonic treatment and electrostatic adsorption. The drug loading content and encapsulation efficiency of PTX and DOX in the PC10A/PTX/DOX nanogels were 5.98 wt%, 70 wt%, and 8.55 wt%, 83 wt%, respectively. Because the polypeptide PC10A was non-toxic and biodegradable, the PC10A/PTX/DOX nanogels exhibited good biocompatibility. Thein vitroandin vivoantitumor experiments showed that the PC10A/PTX/DOX nanogels possessed obviously synergistic therapy effect of tumors and lower side effects compared with free PTX/DOX. Therefore, the PC10A/PTX/DOX nanogels are promising to provide a new strategy for combination therapy of different functional drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Mei Jin
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen-Yan Wang
- Innovation Institute for Biomedical Materials, College of Nursing and Health Management & College of Life Science and Chemistry, Wuhan Donghu University, Wuhan 430212, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ting Xie
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hu
- Innovation Institute for Biomedical Materials, College of Nursing and Health Management & College of Life Science and Chemistry, Wuhan Donghu University, Wuhan 430212, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Feng Tang
- Innovation Institute for Biomedical Materials, College of Nursing and Health Management & College of Life Science and Chemistry, Wuhan Donghu University, Wuhan 430212, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Rose M, Burgess JT, O’Byrne K, Richard DJ, Bolderson E. The role of inner nuclear membrane proteins in tumourigenesis and as potential targets for cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:953-963. [PMID: 36205821 PMCID: PMC9758098 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in our understanding of tumourigenesis and cancer therapeutics, cancer continues to account for 30% of worldwide deaths. Therefore, there remains an unmet need for the development of cancer therapies to improve patient quality of life and survival outcomes. The inner nuclear membrane has an essential role in cell division, cell signalling, transcription, cell cycle progression, chromosome tethering, cell migration and mitosis. Furthermore, expression of several inner nuclear membrane proteins has been shown to be frequently altered in tumour cells, resulting in the dysregulation of cellular pathways to promote tumourigenesis. However, to date, minimal research has been conducted to investigate how targeting these dysregulated and variably expressed proteins may provide a novel avenue for cancer therapies. In this review, we present an overview of the involvement of the inner nuclear membrane proteins within the hallmarks of cancer and how they may be exploited as potent anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddison Rose
- grid.1024.70000000089150953Cancer & Ageing Research Program (CARP), Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health (CGPH), School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Joshua T. Burgess
- grid.1024.70000000089150953Cancer & Ageing Research Program (CARP), Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health (CGPH), School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Kenneth O’Byrne
- grid.1024.70000000089150953Cancer & Ageing Research Program (CARP), Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health (CGPH), School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD Australia ,grid.412744.00000 0004 0380 2017Princess Alexandra Hospital, Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Derek J. Richard
- grid.1024.70000000089150953Cancer & Ageing Research Program (CARP), Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health (CGPH), School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Emma Bolderson
- grid.1024.70000000089150953Cancer & Ageing Research Program (CARP), Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health (CGPH), School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD Australia
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Aksenova AY, Zhuk AS, Lada AG, Zotova IV, Stepchenkova EI, Kostroma II, Gritsaev SV, Pavlov YI. Genome Instability in Multiple Myeloma: Facts and Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5949. [PMID: 34885058 PMCID: PMC8656811 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant neoplasm of terminally differentiated immunoglobulin-producing B lymphocytes called plasma cells. MM is the second most common hematologic malignancy, and it poses a heavy economic and social burden because it remains incurable and confers a profound disability to patients. Despite current progress in MM treatment, the disease invariably recurs, even after the transplantation of autologous hematopoietic stem cells (ASCT). Biological processes leading to a pathological myeloma clone and the mechanisms of further evolution of the disease are far from complete understanding. Genetically, MM is a complex disease that demonstrates a high level of heterogeneity. Myeloma genomes carry numerous genetic changes, including structural genome variations and chromosomal gains and losses, and these changes occur in combinations with point mutations affecting various cellular pathways, including genome maintenance. MM genome instability in its extreme is manifested in mutation kataegis and complex genomic rearrangements: chromothripsis, templated insertions, and chromoplexy. Chemotherapeutic agents used to treat MM add another level of complexity because many of them exacerbate genome instability. Genome abnormalities are driver events and deciphering their mechanisms will help understand the causes of MM and play a pivotal role in developing new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Y. Aksenova
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna S. Zhuk
- International Laboratory “Computer Technologies”, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Artem G. Lada
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Irina V. Zotova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.V.Z.); (E.I.S.)
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena I. Stepchenkova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.V.Z.); (E.I.S.)
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan I. Kostroma
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.I.K.); (S.V.G.)
| | - Sergey V. Gritsaev
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.I.K.); (S.V.G.)
| | - Youri I. Pavlov
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Pathology, Genetics Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Shakerzadeh E. Endohedral M@B
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(M = Na and Ca) metalloborospherenes as innovative potential carriers for chemotherapy melphalan drug: A theoretical study. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shakerzadeh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz Iran
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RON signalling promotes therapeutic resistance in ESR1 mutant breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 124:191-206. [PMID: 33257837 PMCID: PMC7782501 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01174-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oestrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) mutations are frequently acquired in oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients who were treated with aromatase inhibitors (AI) in the metastatic setting. Acquired ESR1 mutations are associated with poor prognosis and there is a lack of effective therapies that selectively target these cancers. Methods We performed a proteomic kinome analysis in ESR1 Y537S mutant cells to identify hyperactivated kinases in ESR1 mutant cells. We validated Recepteur d’Origine Nantais (RON) and PI3K hyperactivity through phospho-immunoblot analysis, organoid growth assays, and in an in vivo patient-derived xenograft (PDX) metastatic model. Results We demonstrated that RON was hyperactivated in ESR1 mutant models, and in acquired palbociclib-resistant (PalbR) models. RON and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) interacted as shown through pharmacological and genetic inhibition and were regulated by the mutant ER as demonstrated by reduced phospho-protein expression with endocrine therapies (ET). We show that ET in combination with a RON inhibitor (RONi) decreased ex vivo organoid growth of ESR1 mutant models, and as a monotherapy in PalbR models, demonstrating its therapeutic efficacy. Significantly, ET in combination with the RONi reduced metastasis of an ESR1 Y537S mutant PDX model. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that RON/PI3K pathway inhibition may be an effective treatment strategy in ESR1 mutant and PalbR MBC patients. Clinically our data predict that ET resistance mechanisms can also contribute to CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance. ![]()
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