1
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Wang L, Liu X, Han Y, Tsai HI, Dan Z, Yang P, Xu Z, Shu F, He C, Eriksson JE, Zhu H, Chen H, Cheng F. TRAF6 enhances PD-L1 expression through YAP1-TFCP2 signaling in melanoma. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216861. [PMID: 38583649 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy represented by programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibodies has led tumor treatment into a new era. However, the low overall response rate and high incidence of drug resistance largely damage the clinical benefits of existing immune checkpoint therapies. Recent studies correlate the response to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade with PD-L1 expression levels in tumor cells. Hence, identifying molecular targets and pathways controlling PD-L1 protein expression and stability in tumor cells is a major priority. In this study, we performed a Stress and Proteostasis CRISPR interference screening to identify PD-L1 positive modulators. Here, we identified TRAF6 as a critical regulator of PD-L1 in melanoma cells. As a non-conventional E3 ubiquitin ligase, TRAF6 is inclined to catalyze the synthesis and linkage of lysine-63 (K63) ubiquitin which is related to the stabilization of substrate proteins. Our results showed that suppression of TRAF6 expression down-regulates PD-L1 expression on the membrane surface of melanoma cells. We then used in vitro and in vivo assays to investigate the biological function and mechanism of TRAF6 and its downstream YAP1/TFCP2 signaling in melanoma. TRAF6 stabilizes YAP1 by K63 poly-ubiquitination modification, subsequently promoting the formation of YAP1/TFCP2 transcriptional complex and PD-L1 transcription. Inhibition of TRAF6 by Bortezomib enhanced cytolytic activity of CD8+ T cells by reduction of endogenous PD-L1. Notably, Bortezomib enhances anti-tumor immunity to an extent comparable to anti-PD-1 therapies with no obvious toxicity. Our findings reveal the potential of inhibiting TRAF6 to stimulate internal anti-tumor immunological effect for TRAF6-PD-L1 overexpressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuhang Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hsiang-I Tsai
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zilin Dan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peiru Yang
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Zhanxue Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - John E Eriksson
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Hongbo Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
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2
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Choi S, Son SH, Kim MY, Na I, Uversky VN, Kim CG. Improved prediction of protein-protein interactions by a modified strategy using three conventional docking software in combination. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126526. [PMID: 37633550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Proteins play a crucial role in many biological processes, where their interaction with other proteins are integral. Abnormal protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been linked to various diseases including cancer, and thus targeting PPIs holds promise for drug development. However, experimental confirmation of the peculiarities of PPIs is challenging due to their dynamic and transient nature. As a complement to experimental technologies, multiple computational molecular docking (MD) methods have been developed to predict the structures of protein-protein complexes and their dynamics, still requiring further improvements in several issues. Here, we report an improved MD method, namely three-software docking (3SD), by employing three popular protein-peptide docking software (CABS-dock, HPEPDOCK, and HADDOCK) in combination to ensure constant quality for most targets. We validated our 3SD performance in known protein-peptide interactions (PpIs). We also enhanced MD performance in proteins having intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) by applying the modified 3SD strategy, the three-software docking after removing random coiled IDR (3SD-RR), to the comparable crystal PpI structures. At the end, we applied 3SD-RR to the AlphaFold2-predicted receptors, yielding an efficient prediction of PpI pose with high relevance to the experimental data regardless of the presence of IDRs or the availability of receptor structures. Our study provides an improved solution to the challenges in studying PPIs through computational docking and has the potential to contribute to PPIs-targeted drug discovery. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are integral to life, and abnormal PPIs are associated with diseases such as cancer. Studying protein-peptide interactions (PpIs) is challenging due to their dynamic and transient nature. Here we developed improved docking methods (3SD and 3SD-RR) to predict the PpI poses, ensuring constant quality in most targets and also addressing issues like intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) and artificial intelligence-predicted structures. Our study provides an improved solution to the challenges in studying PpIs through computational docking and has the potential to contribute to PPIs-targeted drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwoo Choi
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Han Son
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Insung Na
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida; Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Chul Geun Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; CGK Biopharma Co. Ltd., 222 Wangshipri-ro, Sungdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Llorente A, Blasco MT, Espuny I, Guiu M, Ballaré C, Blanco E, Caballé A, Bellmunt A, Salvador F, Morales A, Nuñez M, Loren G, Imbastari F, Fidalgo M, Figueras-Puig C, Gibler P, Graupera M, Monteiro F, Riera A, Holen I, Avgustinova A, Di Croce L, Gomis RR. MAF amplification licenses ERα through epigenetic remodelling to drive breast cancer metastasis. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1833-1847. [PMID: 37945904 PMCID: PMC10709142 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01281-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
MAF amplification increases the risk of breast cancer (BCa) metastasis through mechanisms that are still poorly understood yet have important clinical implications. Oestrogen-receptor-positive (ER+) BCa requires oestrogen for both growth and metastasis, albeit by ill-known mechanisms. Here we integrate proteomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, chromatin accessibility and functional assays from human and syngeneic mouse BCa models to show that MAF directly interacts with oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα), thereby promoting a unique chromatin landscape that favours metastatic spread. We identify metastasis-promoting genes that are de novo licensed following oestrogen exposure in a MAF-dependent manner. The histone demethylase KDM1A is key to the epigenomic remodelling that facilitates the expression of the pro-metastatic MAF/oestrogen-driven gene expression program, and loss of KDM1A activity prevents this metastasis. We have thus determined that the molecular basis underlying MAF/oestrogen-mediated metastasis requires genetic, epigenetic and hormone signals from the systemic environment, which influence the ability of BCa cells to metastasize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Llorente
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Blasco
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Irene Espuny
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Guiu
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Ballaré
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Blanco
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Caballé
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bellmunt
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Salvador
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Morales
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Nuñez
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Loren
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Imbastari
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Fidalgo
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Figueras-Puig
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrizia Gibler
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Freddy Monteiro
- Functional Genomics Core Facility, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ingunn Holen
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Luciano Di Croce
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger R Gomis
- Cancer Science Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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4
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Son SH, Kim MY, Choi S, Kim JS, Lee YS, Lee S, Lee YJ, Lee JY, Lee SE, Lim YS, Ha DH, Oh E, Won YB, Ji CJ, Park MA, Kim B, Byun KT, Chung MS, Jeong J, Choi D, Baek EJ, Cho EH, Kim SB, Je AR, Kweon HS, Park HS, Park D, Bae JS, Jang SJ, Yun CO, Chae JH, Lee JW, Lee SJ, Kim CG, Kang HC, Uversky VN, Kim CG. A Cell-Penetrant Peptide Disrupting the Transcription Factor CP2c Complexes Induces Cancer-Specific Synthetic Lethality. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2305096. [PMID: 37845006 PMCID: PMC10667816 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in precision oncology, cancer remains a global public health issue. In this report, proof-of-principle evidence is presented that a cell-penetrable peptide (ACP52C) dissociates transcription factor CP2c complexes and induces apoptosis in most CP2c oncogene-addicted cancer cells through transcription activity-independent mechanisms. CP2cs dissociated from complexes directly interact with and degrade YY1, leading to apoptosis via the MDM2-p53 pathway. The liberated CP2cs also inhibit TDP2, causing intrinsic genome-wide DNA strand breaks and subsequent catastrophic DNA damage responses. These two mechanisms are independent of cancer driver mutations but are hindered by high MDM2 p60 expression. However, resistance to ACP52C mediated by MDM2 p60 can be sensitized by CASP2 inhibition. Additionally, derivatives of ACP52C conjugated with fatty acid alone or with a CASP2 inhibiting peptide show improved pharmacokinetics and reduced cancer burden, even in ACP52C-resistant cancers. This study enhances the understanding of ACP52C-induced cancer-specific apoptosis induction and supports the use of ACP52C in anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Han Son
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Sungwoo Choi
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Ji Sook Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Yong Sang Lee
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Sangwon Lee
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Yeon Ju Lee
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Jin Youn Lee
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Seol Eui Lee
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Young Su Lim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Ha
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Eonju Oh
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Young-Bin Won
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Chang-Jun Ji
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Mi Ae Park
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Boram Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk, 27478, South Korea
| | - Kyu Tae Byun
- Department of Biotechnology and Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk, 27478, South Korea
| | - Min Sung Chung
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Jaemin Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Dongho Choi
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Eun Jung Baek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Eung-Ho Cho
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Sang-Bum Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - A Reum Je
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, South Korea
| | - Hee-Seok Kweon
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, South Korea
| | | | - Dongsun Park
- Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 29173, South Korea
| | - June Sung Bae
- Department of Research and Development, OncoClew Co. Ltd, Seoul, 04778, South Korea
| | - Se Jin Jang
- Department of Research and Development, OncoClew Co. Ltd, Seoul, 04778, South Korea
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
- Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Chae
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Jin-Won Lee
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Su-Jae Lee
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Chan Gil Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Research Institute for Biomedical and Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk, 27478, South Korea
| | - Ho Chul Kang
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer`s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Chul Geun Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
- CGK Biopharma Co. Ltd., Seoul, 04763, South Korea
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5
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Jung J, Yoo S. Identification of Breast Cancer Metastasis Markers from Gene Expression Profiles Using Machine Learning Approaches. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1820. [PMID: 37761960 PMCID: PMC10530902 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis accounts for approximately 90% of cancer deaths, and elucidating markers in metastasis is the first step in its prevention. To characterize metastasis marker genes (MGs) of breast cancer, XGBoost models that classify metastasis status were trained with gene expression profiles from TCGA. Then, a metastasis score (MS) was assigned to each gene by calculating the inner product between the feature importance and the AUC performance of the models. As a result, 54, 202, and 357 genes with the highest MS were characterized as MGs by empirical p-value cutoffs of 0.001, 0.005, and 0.01, respectively. The three sets of MGs were compared with those from existing metastasis marker databases, which provided significant results in most comparisons (p-value < 0.05). They were also significantly enriched in biological processes associated with breast cancer metastasis. The three MGs, SPPL2C, KRT23, and RGS7, showed highly significant results (p-value < 0.01) in the survival analysis. The MGs that could not be identified by statistical analysis (e.g., GOLM1, ELAVL1, UBP1, and AZGP1), as well as the MGs with the highest MS (e.g., ZNF676, FAM163B, LDOC2, IRF1, and STK40), were verified via the literature. Additionally, we checked how close the MGs were to each other in the protein-protein interaction networks. We expect that the characterized markers will help understand and prevent breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmyung Jung
- Division of Data Science, College of Information and Communication Technology, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyong Yoo
- Department of ICT Convergence System Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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6
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Haug L, Doll J, Appenzeller S, Kunzmann V, Rosenwald A, Maurus K, Gerhard-Hartmann E. Epithelioid and spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma with EWSR1::TFCP2 fusion mimicking metastatic lung cancer: A case report and literature review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154779. [PMID: 37633005 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) with EWSR1/FUS::TFCP2 fusion is an emerging, molecularly defined, rare subtype of RMS. It can affect patients in a wide age range and follows an aggressive clinical course according to the reported cases. Due to its unusual clinical and pathohistological features, with a typical intraosseous presentation and common cytokeratin expression, the diagnosis is challenging, and metastatic undifferentiated/sarcomatoid carcinoma can be an important differential diagnosis. We report here a case of a 55-year-old woman with an RMS with EWSR1::TFCP2 fusion mimicking metastatic lung cancer in view of the clinical and microscopic presentation. However, further molecular workup, including RNA sequencing, led to the proper diagnosis. Although these tumors are rare, knowledge of their unique features is essential for correct diagnosis as a basis for clinical management and optimization of therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Haug
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julia Doll
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silke Appenzeller
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Volker Kunzmann
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katja Maurus
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elena Gerhard-Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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7
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Jaiswal A, Kaushik N, Choi EH, Kaushik NK. Functional impact of non-coding RNAs in high-grade breast carcinoma: Moving from resistance to clinical applications: A comprehensive review. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188915. [PMID: 37196783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in cancer therapy, triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are the most relapsing cancer sub-type. It is partly due to their propensity to develop resistance against the available therapies. An intricate network of regulatory molecules in cellular mechanisms leads to the development of resistance in tumors. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have gained widespread attention as critical regulators of cancer hallmarks. Existing research suggests that aberrant expression of ncRNAs modulates the oncogenic or tumor suppressive signaling. This can mitigate the responsiveness of efficacious anti-tumor interventions. This review presents a systematic overview of biogenesis and down streaming molecular mechanism of the subgroups of ncRNAs. Furthermore, it explains ncRNA-based strategies and challenges to target the chemo-, radio-, and immunoresistance in TNBCs from a clinical standpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Jaiswal
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Son SH, Kim MY, Lim YS, Jin HC, Shin JH, Yi JK, Choi S, Park MA, Chae JH, Kang HC, Lee YJ, Uversky VN, Kim CG. SUMOylation-mediated PSME3-20 S proteasomal degradation of transcription factor CP2c is crucial for cell cycle progression. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd4969. [PMID: 36706181 PMCID: PMC9882985 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add4969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor CP2c (also known as TFCP2, α-CP2, LSF, and LBP-1c) is involved in diverse ubiquitous and tissue/stage-specific cellular processes and in human malignancies such as cancer. Despite its importance, many fundamental regulatory mechanisms of CP2c are still unclear. Here, we uncover an unprecedented mechanism of CP2c degradation via a previously unidentified SUMO1/PSME3/20S proteasome pathway and its biological meaning. CP2c is SUMOylated in a SUMO1-dependent way, and SUMOylated CP2c is degraded through the ubiquitin-independent PSME3 (also known as REGγ or PA28)/20S proteasome system. SUMOylated PSME3 could also interact with CP2c to degrade CP2c via the 20S proteasomal pathway. Moreover, precisely timed degradation of CP2c via the SUMO1/PSME3/20S proteasome axis is required for accurate progression of the cell cycle. Therefore, we reveal a unique SUMO1-mediated uncanonical 20S proteasome degradation mechanism via the SUMO1/PSME3 axis involving mutual SUMO-SIM interaction of CP2c and PSME3, providing previously unidentified mechanistic insights into the roles of dynamic degradation of CP2c in cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Han Son
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Young Su Lim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Hyeon Cheol Jin
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - June Ho Shin
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jae Kyu Yi
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Choi
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Mi Ae Park
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Chae
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ho Chul Kang
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Chul Geun Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- CGK Biopharma Co. Ltd., Seoul 04763, Korea
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9
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Liu J, Fu N, Yang Z, Li A, Wu H, Jin Y, Song Q, Ji S, Xu H, Zhang Z, Zhang X. The genetic and epigenetic regulation of CD55 and its pathway analysis in colon cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 13:947136. [PMID: 36741376 PMCID: PMC9889927 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.947136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CD55 plays an important role in the development of colon cancer. This study aims to evaluate the expression of CD55 in colon cancer and discover how it is regulated by transcriptional factors and miRNA. Methods The expression of CD55 was explored by TIMER2.0, UALCAN, and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases. TRANSFAC and Contra v3 were used to predict the potential binding sites of transcription factors in the CD55 promoter. TargetScan and starBase v2.0 were used to predict the potential binding ability of miRNAs to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of CD55. SurvivalMeth was used to explore the differentially methylated sites in the CD55 promoter. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of TFCP2 and CD55. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were performed to determine the targeting relationship of TFCP2, NF-κB, or miR-27a-3p with CD55. CD55-related genes were explored by constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and performing pathway analysis by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Results CD55 was highly expressed in colon cancer tissues. The mRNA and protein expression levels of TFCP2 were reduced by si-TFCP2. NF-κB mRNA was obviously reduced by NF-κB inhibitor and increased by NF-κB activator. CD55 protein was also inhibited by miR-27a-3p. Dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that after knocking down TFCP2 or inhibiting NF-κB, the promoter activity of CD55 was decreased by 21% and 70%, respectively; after activating NF-κB, the promoter activity of CD55 increased by 2.3 times. As TFCP2 or NF-κB binding site was mutated, the transcriptional activity of CD55 was significantly decreased. ChIP assay showed that TFCP2 and NF-κB combined to the promoter of CD55. The luciferase activity of CD55 3'UTR decreased after being co-transfected with miR-27a-3p mimics and increased by miR-27a-3p antagomir. As the miR-27a-3p binding site was mutated, we did not find any significant effect of miR-27a-3p on reporter activity. PPI network assay revealed a set of CD55-related genes, which included CFP, CFB, C4A, and C4B. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the target genes occur more frequently in immune-related pathways. Conclusion Our results indicated that CD55 is regulated by TFCP2, NF-κB, miR-27a-3p, and several immune-related genes, which in turn affects colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Liu
- Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- College of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Ning Fu
- College of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhenbang Yang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Ang Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Hongjiao Wu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Qinqin Song
- Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Shanshan Ji
- Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Hongxue Xu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- College of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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10
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Lee S, Osmanbeyoglu HU. Chromatin accessibility landscape and active transcription factors in primary human invasive lobular and ductal breast carcinomas. BREAST CANCER RESEARCH : BCR 2022; 24:54. [PMID: 35906698 PMCID: PMC9338552 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-022-01550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC), the second most prevalent histological subtype of breast cancer, exhibits unique molecular features compared with the more common invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). While genomic and transcriptomic features of ILC and IDC have been characterized, genome-wide chromatin accessibility pattern differences between ILC and IDC remain largely unexplored. METHODS Here, we characterized tumor-intrinsic chromatin accessibility differences between ILC and IDC using primary tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq) dataset. RESULTS We identified distinct patterns of genome-wide chromatin accessibility in ILC and IDC. Inferred patient-specific transcription factor (TF) motif activities revealed regulatory differences between and within ILC and IDC tumors. EGR1, RUNX3, TP63, STAT6, SOX family, and TEAD family TFs were higher in ILC, while ATF4, PBX3, SPDEF, PITX family, and FOX family TFs were higher in IDC. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the distinct epigenomic features of ILC and IDC and the active TFs driving cancer progression that may provide valuable information on patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Hatice Ulku Osmanbeyoglu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA. .,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA. .,Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
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11
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Structural and Functional Insights into CP2c Transcription Factor Complexes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126369. [PMID: 35742810 PMCID: PMC9223585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
CP2c, also known as TFCP2, α-CP2, LSF, and LBP-1c, is a prototypic member of the transcription factor (TF) CP2 subfamily involved in diverse ubiquitous and tissue/stage-specific cellular processes and in human malignancies including cancer. Despite its importance, many fundamental regulatory mechanisms of CP2c are still unclear. Here, we uncover unprecedented structural and functional aspects of CP2c using DSP crosslinking and Western blot in addition to conventional methods. We found that a monomeric form of a CP2c homotetramer (tCP2c; [C4]) binds to the known CP2c-binding DNA motif (CNRG-N(5~6)-CNRG), whereas a dimeric form of a CP2c, CP2b, and PIAS1 heterohexamer ([C2B2P2]2) binds to the three consecutive CP2c half-sites or two staggered CP2c binding motifs, where the [C4] exerts a pioneering function for recruiting the [C2B2P2]2 to the target. All CP2c exists as a [C4], or as a [C2B2P2]2 or [C2B2P2]4 in the nucleus. Importantly, one additional cytosolic heterotetrameric CP2c and CP2a complex, ([C2A2]), exerts some homeostatic regulation of the nuclear complexes. These data indicate that these findings are essential for the transcriptional regulation of CP2c in cells within relevant timescales, providing clues not only for the transcriptional regulation mechanism by CP2c but also for future therapeutics targeting CP2c function.
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12
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Liu Y, Song Y, Cao M, Fan W, Cui Y, Cui Y, Zhan Y, Gu R, Tian F, Zhang S, Cai L, Xing Y. A novel EHD1/CD44/Hippo/SP1 positive feedback loop potentiates stemness and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e836. [PMID: 35485206 PMCID: PMC9786223 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that endocytosis plays a pivotal role in cancer metastasis. In this study, we first identified endocytic and metastasis-associated genes (EMGs) and then investigated the biological functions and mechanisms of EMGs. METHODS Cancer stem cells (CSCs)-like characteristics were evaluated by tumour limiting dilution assays, three-dimensional (3D) spheroid cancer models. Microarray analysis was used to identify the pathways significantly regulated by mammalian Eps15 homology domain protein 1 (EHD1) knockdown. Mass spectrometry (MS) was performed to identify EHD1-interacting proteins. The function of EHD1 as a regulator of cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) endocytic recycling and lysosomal degradation was determined by CD44 biotinylation and recycling assays. RESULTS EHD1 was identified as a significant EMG. Knockdown of EHD1 suppressed CSCs-like characteristics, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells by increasing Hippo kinase cascade activation. Conversely, EHD1 overexpression inhibited the Hippo pathway to promote cancer stemness and metastasis. Notably, utilising MS analysis, the CD44 protein was identified as a potential binding partner of EHD1. Furthermore, EHD1 enhanced CD44 recycling and stability. Indeed, silencing of CD44 or disruption of the EHD1/CD44 interaction enhanced Hippo pathway activity and reduced CSCs-like traits, EMT and metastasis. Interestingly, specificity protein 1 (SP1), a known downstream target gene of the Hippo-TEA-domain family members 1 (TEAD1) pathway, was found to directly bind to the EHD1 promoter region and induce its expression. Among clinical specimens, the EHD1 expression level in LUAD tissues of metastatic patients was higher than that of non-metastatic patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings emphasise that EHD1 might be a potent anti-metastatic target and present a novel regulatory mechanism by which the EHD1/CD44/Hippo/SP1 positive feedback circuit plays pivotal roles in coupling modules of CSCs-like properties and EMT in LUAD. Targeting this loop may serve as a remedy for patients with advanced metastatic LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechao Liu
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Yang Song
- The First Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Mengru Cao
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Weina Fan
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Yaowen Cui
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Yimeng Cui
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Yuning Zhan
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Ruixue Gu
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Fanglin Tian
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Shuai Zhang
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Li Cai
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Ying Xing
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
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13
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Roles for growth factors and mutations in metastatic dissemination. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1409-1423. [PMID: 34100888 PMCID: PMC8286841 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is initiated largely by specific cohorts of genetic aberrations, which are generated by mutagens and often mimic active growth factor receptors, or downstream effectors. Once initiated cells outgrow and attract blood vessels, a multi-step process, called metastasis, disseminates cancer cells primarily through vascular routes. The major steps of the metastatic cascade comprise intravasation into blood vessels, circulation as single or collectives of cells, and eventual colonization of distant organs. Herein, we consider metastasis as a multi-step process that seized principles and molecular players employed by physiological processes, such as tissue regeneration and migration of neural crest progenitors. Our discussion contrasts the irreversible nature of mutagenesis, which establishes primary tumors, and the reversible epigenetic processes (e.g. epithelial-mesenchymal transition) underlying the establishment of micro-metastases and secondary tumors. Interestingly, analyses of sequencing data from untreated metastases inferred depletion of putative driver mutations among metastases, in line with the pivotal role played by growth factors and epigenetic processes in metastasis. Conceivably, driver mutations may not confer the same advantage in the microenvironment of the primary tumor and of the colonization site, hence phenotypic plasticity rather than rigid cellular states hardwired by mutations becomes advantageous during metastasis. We review the latest reported examples of growth factors harnessed by the metastatic cascade, with the goal of identifying opportunities for anti-metastasis interventions. In summary, because the overwhelming majority of cancer-associated deaths are caused by metastatic disease, understanding the complexity of metastasis, especially the roles played by growth factors, is vital for preventing, diagnosing and treating metastasis.
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14
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Isomura H, Taguchi A, Kajino T, Asai N, Nakatochi M, Kato S, Suzuki K, Yanagisawa K, Suzuki M, Fujishita T, Yamaguchi T, Takahashi M, Takahashi T. Conditional Ror1 knockout reveals crucial involvement in lung adenocarcinoma development and identifies novel HIF-1α regulator. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1614-1623. [PMID: 33506575 PMCID: PMC8019194 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that ROR1 is a crucial downstream gene for the TTF‐1/NKX2‐1 lineage‐survival oncogene in lung adenocarcinoma, while others have found altered expression of ROR1 in multiple cancer types. Accumulated evidence therefore indicates ROR1 as an attractive molecular target, though it has yet to be determined whether targeting Ror1 can inhibit tumor development and growth in vivo. To this end, genetically engineered mice carrying homozygously floxed Ror1 alleles and an SP‐C promoter–driven human mutant EGFR transgene were generated. Ror1 ablation resulted in marked retardation of tumor development and progression in association with reduced malignant characteristics and significantly better survival. Interestingly, gene set enrichment analysis identified a hypoxia‐induced gene set (HALLMARK_HYPOXIA) as most significantly downregulated by Ror1 ablation in vivo, which led to findings showing that ROR1 knockdown diminished HIF‐1α expression under normoxia and clearly hampered HIF‐1α induction in response to hypoxia in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. The present results directly demonstrate the importance of Ror1 for in vivo development and progression of lung adenocarcinoma, and also identify Ror1 as a novel regulator of Hif‐1α. Thus, a future study aimed at the development of a novel therapeutic targeting ROR1 for treatment of solid tumors such as seen in lung cancer, which are frequently accompanied with a hypoxic tumor microenvironment, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Isomura
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayumu Taguchi
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Advanced Cancer Diagnostics, Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taisuke Kajino
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoya Asai
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Seiichi Kato
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yanagisawa
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Motoshi Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Teruaki Fujishita
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yamaguchi
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cancer Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Takahashi
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
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15
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Koutlas IG, Olson DR, Rawwas J. FET(EWSR1)-TFCP2 Rhabdomyosarcoma: An Additional Example of this Aggressive Variant with Predilection for the Gnathic Bones. Head Neck Pathol 2020; 15:374-380. [PMID: 32504289 PMCID: PMC8010041 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-020-01189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An example of a mandibular rhabdomyosarcoma in a 15-year-old male is described featuring EWSR1-TFCP2 fusion with homolateral lymph node metastasis and apparent metastasis to the thoracic vertebra T7. This type of rhabdomyosarcoma has preference for the craniofacial skeleton. Histologically, the tumor was composed of spindle and epithelioid cells characterized by nuclear pleomorphism, cytologic atypia and brisk mitotic activity. Immunohistochemically, it featured diffuse positive nuclear staining MYOD1, only focal staining for myogenin and patchy cytoplasmic staining for desmin. Tumor cells were positive for keratins and nuclear staining for SATB2 was also observed. Interestingly, tumor cells were diffusely positive for calponin. Currently, the patient is under chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis G Koutlas
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE #16-116B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Damon R Olson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jawhar Rawwas
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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