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Occhipinti M, Brambilla M, Di Liello R, Ambrosini P, Lobianco L, Leporati R, Salvarezza M, Vitiello F, Marchesi S, Manglaviti S, Beninato T, Mazzeo L, Proto C, Prelaj A, Ferrara R, Della Corte CM, Lo Russo G, de Braud F, Ganzinelli M, Viscardi G. Unleashing precision: A review of targeted approaches in pleural mesothelioma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 203:104481. [PMID: 39159705 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the intricate landscape of pleural mesothelioma (PM), emphasizing the need for nuanced therapeutic strategies. While platinum-based chemotherapy remains a cornerstone, the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), notably through the Checkmate 743 trial, has reshaped treatment paradigms. Challenges persist due to patient heterogeneity and a lack of specific biomarkers. Targeting genotypic and phenotypic alterations emerges as a promising avenue, demanding precision oncology in this rare disease. CDKN2A loss, prevalent in PM, may respond to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Defects in MMR and HR suggest tailored approaches with ICI or PARP inhibitors, respectively. Ongoing trials explore novel inhibitors and promising targets like mesothelin. Implementing these strategies requires overcoming challenges in patient selection, combination therapies, biomarker identification, and cost considerations. Collaboration is crucial for transforming these insights into impactful clinical interventions, heralding the era of personalized and precision medicine for PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Occhipinti
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Brambilla
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Paolo Ambrosini
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lobianco
- Medical Oncology, Precision Medicine Department, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Leporati
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Salvarezza
- Medical Oncology, Precision Medicine Department, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Vitiello
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale Monaldi, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchesi
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Manglaviti
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Teresa Beninato
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mazzeo
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Proto
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Arsela Prelaj
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrara
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Lo Russo
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Ganzinelli
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viscardi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale Monaldi, AORN Ospedali dei Colli, Naples, Italy
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Cristalli C, Scotlandi K. Targeting DNA Methylation Machinery in Pediatric Solid Tumors. Cells 2024; 13:1209. [PMID: 39056791 PMCID: PMC11275080 DOI: 10.3390/cells13141209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a key epigenetic regulatory mechanism that plays a critical role in a variety of cellular processes, including the regulation of cell fate during development, maintenance of cell identity, and genome stability. DNA methylation is tightly regulated by enzymatic reactions and its deregulation plays an important role in the development of cancer. Specific DNA methylation alterations have been found in pediatric solid tumors, providing new insights into the development of these tumors. In addition, DNA methylation profiles have greatly contributed to tune the diagnosis of pediatric solid tumors and to define subgroups of patients with different risks of progression, leading to the reduction in unwanted toxicity and the improvement of treatment efficacy. This review highlights the dysregulated DNA methylome in pediatric solid tumors and how this information provides promising targets for epigenetic therapies, particularly inhibitors of DNMT enzymes (DNMTis). Opportunities and limitations are considered, including the ability of DNMTis to induce viral mimicry and immune signaling by tumors. Besides intrinsic action against cancer cells, DNMTis have the potential to sensitize immune-cold tumors to immunotherapies and may represent a remarkable option to improve the treatment of challenging pediatric solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Cristalli
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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Martynov I, Dhaka L, Wilke B, Hoyer P, Vahdad MR, Seitz G. Contemporary preclinical mouse models for pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma: from bedside to bench to bedside. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1333129. [PMID: 38371622 PMCID: PMC10869630 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1333129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common pediatric soft-tissue malignancy, characterized by high clinicalopathological and molecular heterogeneity. Preclinical in vivo models are essential for advancing our understanding of RMS oncobiology and developing novel treatment strategies. However, the diversity of scholarly data on preclinical RMS studies may challenge scientists and clinicians. Hence, we performed a systematic literature survey of contemporary RMS mouse models to characterize their phenotypes and assess their translational relevance. Methods We identified papers published between 01/07/2018 and 01/07/2023 by searching PubMed and Web of Science databases. Results Out of 713 records screened, 118 studies (26.9%) were included in the qualitative synthesis. Cell line-derived xenografts (CDX) were the most commonly utilized (n = 75, 63.6%), followed by patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and syngeneic models, each accounting for 11.9% (n = 14), and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) (n = 7, 5.9%). Combinations of different model categories were reported in 5.9% (n = 7) of studies. One study employed a virus-induced RMS model. Overall, 40.0% (n = 30) of the studies utilizing CDX models established alveolar RMS (aRMS), while 38.7% (n = 29) were embryonal phenotypes (eRMS). There were 20.0% (n = 15) of studies that involved a combination of both aRMS and eRMS subtypes. In one study (1.3%), the RMS phenotype was spindle cell/sclerosing. Subcutaneous xenografts (n = 66, 55.9%) were more frequently used compared to orthotopic models (n = 29, 24.6%). Notably, none of the employed cell lines were derived from primary untreated tumors. Only a minority of studies investigated disseminated RMS phenotypes (n = 16, 13.6%). The utilization areas of RMS models included testing drugs (n = 64, 54.2%), studying tumorigenesis (n = 56, 47.5%), tumor modeling (n = 19, 16.1%), imaging (n = 9, 7.6%), radiotherapy (n = 6, 5.1%), long-term effects related to radiotherapy (n = 3, 2.5%), and investigating biomarkers (n = 1, 0.8%). Notably, no preclinical studies focused on surgery. Conclusions This up-to-date review highlights the need for mouse models with dissemination phenotypes and cell lines from primary untreated tumors. Furthermore, efforts should be directed towards underexplored areas such as surgery, radiotherapy, and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Illya Martynov
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lajwanti Dhaka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Wilke
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Paul Hoyer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - M. Reza Vahdad
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Guido Seitz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Giessen, Germany
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Lapouge M, Meloche S. A renaissance for YES in cancer. Oncogene 2023; 42:3385-3393. [PMID: 37848624 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Most of our understanding regarding the involvement of SRC-family tyrosine kinases in cancer has stemmed from studies focused on the prototypical SRC oncogene. However, emerging research has shed light on the important role of YES signaling in oncogenic transformation, tumor growth, metastatic progression, and resistance to various cancer therapies. Clinical evidence indicates that dysregulated expression or activity of YES is a frequent occurrence in human cancers and is associated with unfavorable outcomes. These findings provide a compelling rationale for specifically targeting YES in certain cancer subtypes. Here, we review the crucial role of YES in cancer and discuss the challenges associated with translating preclinical observations into effective YES-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Lapouge
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Meloche
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Molecular Biology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Julius P, Siyumbwa SN, Maate F, Moonga P, Kang G, Kaile T, West JT, Wood C, Angeletti PC. Yes-associated protein-1 overexpression in ocular surface squamous neoplasia; a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1213426. [PMID: 37476371 PMCID: PMC10354641 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1213426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein-1 (YAP-1) is a Hippo system transcription factor, which serves as an oncogene in squamous cell carcinoma, and several solid tumors when the Hippo pathway is dysregulated. Yet, the activity of YAP-1 in ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) has not been determined. Here, we investigate the relationship between YAP-1 overexpression and OSSN. Using a cross-sectional study design, we recruited 227 OSSN patients from the University Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess YAP-1 protein overexpression in tumor tissue relative to surrounding benign squamous epithelium. OSSN patient samples (preinvasive, n = 62, 27% and invasive, n = 165, 73%) were studied. One hundred forty-nine invasive tumors contained adjacent preinvasive tissue, bringing the total number of preinvasive lesions examined to 211 (62 + 149). There was adjacent benign squamous epithelium in 50.2% (114/227) of OSSN samples. Nuclear YAP- 1 was significantly overexpressed in preinvasive (Fisher's (F): p <.0001, Monte Carlo (MC): p <.0001) and invasive (F: p <.0001, MC: p <.0001) OSSN in comparison to adjacent benign squamous epithelium when analyzed for basal keratinocyte positive count, staining intensity, expression pattern, and Immunostaining intensity-distribution index. YAP-1 expression did not differ between preinvasive and invasive OSSN (p >.05), keratinizing and non- keratinizing cancer (p >.05), or between T1/T2 and T3/T4 stages in invasive tumors (p >.05). However, grade 2 and 3 tumors had significantly stronger nucleus YAP-1 overexpression intensity than grade 1 tumors (F: p = .0078, MC: p = .0489). By immunohistochemistry, we identified significant overexpression (upregulation of YAP-1 protein expression) in preinvasive and invasive OSSN lesions compared to neighboring benign squamous epithelium. YAP-1 expression was significantly higher in poorly and moderately differentiated invasive squamous cancer than in well-differentiated carcinomas. Overexpression of YAP-1 within the margin of preinvasive and invasive OSSN, but not in the neighboring normal epithelium, indicates that it plays a role in the development and progression of OSSN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Julius
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Stepfanie N. Siyumbwa
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Fred Maate
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Phyllis Moonga
- University Teaching Hospital, Eye Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Guobin Kang
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Trevor Kaile
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - John T. West
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Charles Wood
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Nebraska Center for Virology and the School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Peter C. Angeletti
- Nebraska Center for Virology and the School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, United States
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Huang R, Yamamoto T, Nakata E, Ozaki T, Kurozumi K, Wei F, Tomizawa K, Fujimura A. CDKAL1 Drives the Maintenance of Cancer Stem-Like Cells by Assembling the eIF4F Translation Initiation Complex. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206542. [PMID: 36786012 PMCID: PMC10131790 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) have a unique translation mode, but little is understood about the process of elongation, especially the contribution of tRNA modifications to the maintenance of CSCs properties. Here, it is reported that, contrary to the initial aim, a tRNA-modifying methylthiotransferase CDKAL1 promotes CSC-factor SALL2 synthesis by assembling the eIF4F translation initiation complex. CDKAL1 expression is upregulated in patients with worse prognoses and is essential for maintaining CSCs in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and common cancers. Translatome analysis reveals that a group of mRNAs whose translation is CDKAL1-dependent contains cytosine-rich sequences in the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR). Mechanistically, CDKAL1 promotes the translation of such mRNAs by organizing the eIF4F translation initiation complex. This complex formation does not require the enzyme activity of CDKAL1 but requires only the NH2 -terminus domain of CDKAL1. Furthermore, sites in CDKAL1 essential for forming the eIF4F complex are identified and discovered candidate inhibitors of CDKAL1-dependent translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsheng Huang
- Department of Cellular PhysiologyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaOkayama700‐8558Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular PhysiologyKumamoto University Faculty of Life SciencesKumamotoKumamoto860‐0811Japan
| | - Eiji Nakata
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaOkayama700‐8558Japan
| | - Toshifumi Ozaki
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaOkayama700‐8558Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kurozumi
- Department of NeurosurgeryHamamatsu University School of MedicineHamamatsuShizuoka431‐3192Japan
| | - Fanyan Wei
- Department of Modomics Biology and MedicineInstitute of Development, Aging and CancerTohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagi980‐8575Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tomizawa
- Department of Molecular PhysiologyKumamoto University Faculty of Life SciencesKumamotoKumamoto860‐0811Japan
| | - Atsushi Fujimura
- Department of Cellular PhysiologyOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayamaOkayama700‐8558Japan
- Neutron Therapy Research CenterOkayama UniversityOkayamaOkayama700‐8558Japan
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7
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Non-hippo kinases: indispensable roles in YAP/TAZ signaling and implications in cancer therapy. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4565-4578. [PMID: 36877351 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptional co-activators Yes-associated protein (YAP) and PDZ-binding domain (TAZ) are the known downstream effectors of the Hippo kinase cascade. YAP/TAZ have been shown to play important roles in cellular growth and differentiation, tissue development and carcinogenesis. Recent studies have found that, in addition to the Hippo kinase cascade, multiple non-Hippo kinases also regulate the YAP/TAZ cellular signaling and produce important effects on cellular functions, particularly on tumorigenesis and progression. In this article, we will review the multifaceted regulation of the YAP/TAZ signaling by the non-Hippo kinases and discuss the potential application of the non-Hippo kinase-regulated YAP/TAZ signaling for cancer therapy.
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Genetic Alterations and Deregulation of Hippo Pathway as a Pathogenetic Mechanism in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246211. [PMID: 36551696 PMCID: PMC9776600 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved modulator of developmental biology with a key role in tissue and organ size regulation under homeostatic conditions. Like other signaling pathways with a significant role in embryonic development, the deregulation of Hippo signaling contributes to oncogenesis. Central to the Hippo pathway is a conserved cascade of adaptor proteins and inhibitory kinases that converge and regulate the activity of the oncoproteins YAP and TAZ, the final transducers of the pathway. Elevated levels and aberrant activation of YAP and TAZ have been described in many cancers. Though most of the studies describe their pervasive activation in epithelial neoplasms, there is increasing evidence pointing out its relevance in mesenchymal malignancies as well. Interestingly, somatic or germline mutations in genes of the Hippo pathway are scarce compared to other signaling pathways that are frequently disrupted in cancer. However, in the case of sarcomas, several examples of genetic alteration of Hippo members, including gene fusions, have been described during the last few years. Here, we review the current knowledge of Hippo pathway implication in sarcoma, describing mechanistic hints recently reported in specific histological entities and how these alterations represent an opportunity for targeted therapy in this heterogeneous group of neoplasm.
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9
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Dubois F, Bazille C, Levallet J, Maille E, Brosseau S, Madelaine J, Bergot E, Zalcman G, Levallet G. Molecular Alterations in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Hope for Effective Treatment by Targeting YAP. Target Oncol 2022; 17:407-431. [PMID: 35906513 PMCID: PMC9345804 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-022-00900-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive neoplasm, which has primarily been attributed to the exposure to asbestos fibers (83% of cases); yet, despite a ban of using asbestos in many countries, the incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma failed to decline worldwide. While little progress has been made in malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosis, bevacizumab at first, then followed by double immunotherapy (nivolumab plus ipilumumab), were all shown to improve survival in large phase III randomized trials. The morphological analysis of the histological subtyping remains the primary indicator for therapeutic decision making at an advanced disease stage, while a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen combined with pemetrexed, either with or without bevacizumab, is still the main treatment option. Consequently, malignant pleural mesothelioma still represents a significant health concern owing to poor median survival (12-18 months). Given this context, both diagnosis and therapy improvements require better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying malignant pleural mesothelioma's carcinogenesis and progression. Hence, the Hippo pathway in malignant pleural mesothelioma initiation and progression has recently received increasing attention, as the aberrant expression of its core components may be closely related to patient prognosis. The purpose of this review was to provide a critical analysis of our current knowledge on these topics, the main focus being on the available evidence concerning the role of each Hippo pathway's member as a promising biomarker, enabling detection of the disease at earlier stages and thus improving prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatéméh Dubois
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
- Federative Structure of Cyto-Molecular Oncogenetics (SF-MOCAE), CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Céline Bazille
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Levallet
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
| | - Elodie Maille
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
| | - Solenn Brosseau
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and CIC1425, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
- U830 INSERM "Genetics and Biology of Cancers, A.R.T Group", Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jeannick Madelaine
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Emmanuel Bergot
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Gérard Zalcman
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and CIC1425, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
- U830 INSERM "Genetics and Biology of Cancers, A.R.T Group", Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Guénaëlle Levallet
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France.
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.
- Federative Structure of Cyto-Molecular Oncogenetics (SF-MOCAE), CHU de Caen, Caen, France.
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10
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Garmendia I, Redin E, Montuenga LM, Calvo A. YES1: a novel therapeutic target and biomarker in cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1371-1380. [PMID: 35732509 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
YES1 is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that belongs to the SRC family of kinases (SFKs) and controls multiple cancer signaling pathways. YES1 is amplified and overexpressed in many tumor types, where it promotes cell proliferation, survival and invasiveness. Therefore, YES1 has been proposed as an emerging target in solid tumors. In addition, studies have shown that YES1 is a prognostic biomarker and a predictor of dasatinib activity. Several SFKs-targeting drugs have been developed and some of them have reached clinical trials. However, these drugs have encountered challenges to their utilization in the clinical practice in unselected patients due to toxicity and lack of efficacy. In the case of YES1, novel specific inhibitors have been developed and tested in preclinical models, with impressive antitumor effects. In this review, we summarize the structure and activation of YES1 and describe its role in cancer as a target and prognostic and companion biomarker. We also address the efficacy of SFKs inhibitors that are currently in clinical trials, highlighting the main hindrances for their clinical use. Current available information strongly suggests that inhibiting YES1 in tumors with high expression of this protein is a promising strategy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irati Garmendia
- INSERM UMRS1138. Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | | | - Luis M Montuenga
- CIMA and Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
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Farooqi AA, Kapanova G, Kussainov AZ, Datkhayeva Z, Raganina K, Sadykov BN. Regulation of RASSF by non-coding RNAs in different cancers. Noncoding RNA Res 2022; 7:123-131. [PMID: 35702574 PMCID: PMC9163590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ras-association domain family (RASSF) proteins are tumor suppressors and have gained phenomenal limelight because of their mechanistic role in the prevention/inhibition of carcinogenesis and metastasis. Decades of research have demystified wide ranging activities of RASSF molecules in multiple stages of cancers. Although major fraction of RASSF molecules has tumor suppressive roles, yet there is parallel existence of proof-of-concept about moonlighting activities of RASSF proteins as oncogenes. RASSF proteins tactfully rewire signaling cascades for prevention of cancer and metastasis but circumstantial evidence also illuminates oncogenic role of different RASSF proteins in different cancers. In this review we have attempted to provide readers an overview of the complex interplay between non-coding RNAs and RASSF proteins and how these versatile regulators shape the landscape of carcinogenesis and metastasis.
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Yes-associated protein 1 exerts its tumor-promoting effects and increases cisplatin resistance in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by dysregulating Hippo signal pathway. Anticancer Drugs 2022; 33:352-361. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Roßwag S, Sleeman JP, Thaler S. RASSF1A-Mediated Suppression of Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ERα)-Driven Breast Cancer Cell Growth Depends on the Hippo-Kinases LATS1 and 2. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112868. [PMID: 34831091 PMCID: PMC8616147 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Around 70% of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). This receptor is of central importance for breast cancer development and estrogen-dependent tumor growth. However, the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the control of ERα expression and function in the context of breast carcinogenesis are complex and not fully understood. In previous work, we have demonstrated that the tumor suppressor RASSF1A suppresses estrogen-dependent growth of breast cancer cells through a complex network that keeps ERα expression and function under control. We observed that RASSF1A mediates the suppression of ERα expression through modulation of the Hippo effector Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) activity. Here we report that RASSF1A-mediated alteration of YAP1 depends on the Hippo-kinases LATS1 and LATS2. Based on these results, we conclude that inactivation of RASSF1A causes changes in the function of the Hippo signaling pathway and altered activation of YAP1, and as a consequence, increased expression and function of ERα. Thus, the inactivation of RASSF1A might constitute a fundamental event that supports the initiation of ERα-dependent breast cancer. Furthermore, our results support the notion that the Hippo pathway is important for the suppression of luminal breast cancers, and that the tumor-suppressor function of RASSF1A depends on LATS1 and LATS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Roßwag
- Department of Microvascular Biology and Pathobiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (S.R.); (J.P.S.)
| | - Jonathan P. Sleeman
- Department of Microvascular Biology and Pathobiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (S.R.); (J.P.S.)
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Campus Nord, 76344 Eggenstein-Leupoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sonja Thaler
- Department of Microvascular Biology and Pathobiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; (S.R.); (J.P.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-621-383-71599; Fax: +49-621-383-71451
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Genetic Characterization, Current Model Systems and Prognostic Stratification in PAX Fusion-Negative vs. PAX Fusion-Positive Rhabdomyosarcoma. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101500. [PMID: 34680895 PMCID: PMC8535289 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents and accounts for approximately 2% of soft tissue sarcomas in adults. It is subcategorized into distinct subtypes based on histological features and fusion status (PAX-FOXO1/VGLL2/NCOA2). Despite advances in our understanding of the pathobiological and molecular landscape of RMS, the prognosis of these tumors has not significantly improved in recent years. Developing a better understanding of genetic abnormalities and risk stratification beyond the fusion status are crucial to developing better therapeutic strategies. Herein, we aim to highlight the genetic pathways/abnormalities involved, specifically in fusion-negative RMS, assess the currently available model systems to study RMS pathogenesis, and discuss available prognostic factors as well as their importance for risk stratification to achieve optimal therapeutic management.
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Shim J, Goldsmith KC. A New Player in Neuroblastoma: YAP and Its Role in the Neuroblastoma Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184650. [PMID: 34572875 PMCID: PMC8472533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial pediatric solid tumor that accounts for more than 15% of childhood cancer-related deaths. High risk neuroblastomas that recur during or after intense multimodal therapy have a <5% chance at a second sustained remission or cure. The solid tumor microenvironment (TME) has been increasingly recognized to play a critical role in cancer progression and resistance to therapy, including in neuroblastoma. The Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) in the Hippo pathway can regulate cancer proliferation, tumor initiation, and therapy response in many cancer types and as such, its role in the TME has gained interest. In this review, we focus on YAP and its role in neuroblastoma and further describe its demonstrated and potential effects on the neuroblastoma TME. We also discuss the therapeutic strategies for inhibiting YAP in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kelly C. Goldsmith
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-727-2655
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Damerell V, Pepper MS, Prince S. Molecular mechanisms underpinning sarcomas and implications for current and future therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:246. [PMID: 34188019 PMCID: PMC8241855 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00647-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are complex mesenchymal neoplasms with a poor prognosis. Their clinical management is highly challenging due to their heterogeneity and insensitivity to current treatments. Although there have been advances in understanding specific genomic alterations and genetic mutations driving sarcomagenesis, the underlying molecular mechanisms, which are likely to be unique for each sarcoma subtype, are not fully understood. This is in part due to a lack of consensus on the cells of origin, but there is now mounting evidence that they originate from mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs). To identify novel treatment strategies for sarcomas, research in recent years has adopted a mechanism-based search for molecular markers for targeted therapy which has included recapitulating sarcomagenesis using in vitro and in vivo MSC models. This review provides a comprehensive up to date overview of the molecular mechanisms that underpin sarcomagenesis, the contribution of MSCs to modelling sarcomagenesis in vivo, as well as novel topics such as the role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT)/mesenchymal-to-epithelial-transition (MET) plasticity, exosomes, and microRNAs in sarcomagenesis. It also reviews current therapeutic options including ongoing pre-clinical and clinical studies for targeted sarcoma therapy and discusses new therapeutic avenues such as targeting recently identified molecular pathways and key transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Damerell
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michael S Pepper
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sharon Prince
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Mohajan S, Jaiswal PK, Vatanmakarian M, Yousefi H, Sankaralingam S, Alahari SK, Koul S, Koul HK. Hippo pathway: Regulation, deregulation and potential therapeutic targets in cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 507:112-123. [PMID: 33737002 PMCID: PMC10370464 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hippo pathway is a master regulator of development, cell proliferation, stem cell function, tissue regeneration, homeostasis, and organ size control. Hippo pathway relays signals from different extracellular and intracellular events to regulate cell behavior and functions. Hippo pathway is conserved from Protista to eukaryotes. Deregulation of the Hippo pathway is associated with numerous cancers. Alteration of the Hippo pathway results in cell invasion, migration, disease progression, and therapy resistance in cancers. However, the function of the various components of the mammalian Hippo pathway is yet to be elucidated in detail especially concerning tumor biology. In the present review, we focused on the Hippo pathway in different model organisms, its regulation and deregulation, and possible therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Mohajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, Shreveport, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, USA
| | - Mousa Vatanmakarian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Hassan Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | | | - Suresh K Alahari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, USA
| | - Sweaty Koul
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, USA
| | - Hari K Koul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA; Urology, LSUHSC, School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA; Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, USA.
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Hsu PC, Yang CT, Jablons DM, You L. The Crosstalk between Src and Hippo/YAP Signaling Pathways in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061361. [PMID: 32466572 PMCID: PMC7352956 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The advancement of new therapies, including targeted therapies and immunotherapies, has improved the survival of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in the last decade. Some NSCLC patients still do not benefit from therapies or encounter progressive disease during the course of treatment because they have intrinsic resistance, acquired resistance, or lack a targetable driver mutation. More investigations on the molecular biology of NSCLC are needed to find useful biomarkers for current therapies and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Src is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase protein that interacts with cell surface growth factor receptors and the intracellular signaling pathway to maintain cell survival tumorigenesis in NSCLC. The Yes-associated protein (YAP) is one of the main effectors of the Hippo pathway and has been identified as a promoter of drug resistance, cancer progression, and metastasis in NSCLC. Here, we review studies that have investigated the activation of YAP as mediated by Src kinases and demonstrate that Src regulates YAP through three main mechanisms: (1) direct phosphorylation; (2) the activation of pathways repressing Hippo kinases; and (3) Hippo-independent mechanisms. Further work should focus on the efficacy of Src inhibitors in inhibiting YAP activity in NSCLC. In addition, future efforts toward developing potentially reasonable combinations of therapy targeting the Src–YAP axis using other therapies, including targeted therapies and/or immunotherapies, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chih Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA; (P.-C.H.); (D.M.J.)
- Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - David M. Jablons
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA; (P.-C.H.); (D.M.J.)
| | - Liang You
- Department of Surgery, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA; (P.-C.H.); (D.M.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-415-476-6906
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