1
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Ak Ç, Sayar Z, Thibault G, Burlingame EA, Kuykendall MJ, Eng J, Chitsazan A, Chin K, Adey AC, Boniface C, Spellman PT, Thomas GV, Kopp RP, Demir E, Chang YH, Stavrinides V, Eksi SE. Multiplex imaging of localized prostate tumors reveals altered spatial organization of AR-positive cells in the microenvironment. iScience 2024; 27:110668. [PMID: 39246442 PMCID: PMC11379676 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mapping the spatial interactions of cancer, immune, and stromal cell states presents novel opportunities for patient stratification and for advancing immunotherapy. While single-cell studies revealed significant molecular heterogeneity in prostate cancer cells, the impact of spatial stromal cell heterogeneity remains poorly understood. Here, we used cyclic immunofluorescent imaging on whole-tissue sections to uncover novel spatial associations between cancer and stromal cells in low- and high-grade prostate tumors and tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Our results provide a spatial map of single cells and recurrent cellular neighborhoods in the prostate tumor microenvironment of treatment-naive patients. We report unique populations of mast cells that show distinct spatial associations with M2 macrophages and regulatory T cells. Our results show disease-specific neighborhoods that are primarily driven by androgen receptor-positive (AR+) stromal cells and identify inflammatory gene networks active in AR+ prostate stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Ak
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, OR 97209, USA
| | - Zeynep Sayar
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, OR 97209, USA
| | - Guillaume Thibault
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, OR 97209, USA
| | - Erik A Burlingame
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, OR 97209, USA
| | - M J Kuykendall
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jennifer Eng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, OR 97209, USA
| | - Alex Chitsazan
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Koei Chin
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Andrew C Adey
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Christopher Boniface
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Paul T Spellman
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - George V Thomas
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Ryan P Kopp
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Emek Demir
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Division of Oncological Sciences, School of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Young Hwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, OR 97209, USA
| | | | - Sebnem Ece Eksi
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, OHSU, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, OHSU, Portland, OR 97209, USA
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2
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Sulsenti R, Scialpi GB, Frossi B, Botti L, Ferri R, Tripodi I, Piva A, Sangaletti S, Pernici D, Cancila V, Romeo F, Chiodoni C, Lecis D, Bianchi F, Fischetti I, Enriquez C, Crivelli F, Bregni M, Renne G, Pece S, Tripodo C, Pucillo CE, Colombo MP, Jachetti E. Intracellular Osteopontin Promotes the Release of TNFα by Mast Cells to Restrain Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:1147-1169. [PMID: 38869181 PMCID: PMC11369624 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive form of prostate cancer that emerges as tumors become resistant to hormone therapies or, rarely, arises de novo in treatment-naïve patients. The urgent need for effective therapies against NEPC is hampered by the limited knowledge of the biology governing this lethal disease. Based on our prior observations in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) spontaneous prostate cancer model, in which the genetic depletion of either mast cells (MC) or the matricellular protein osteopontin (OPN) increases NEPC frequency, we tested the hypothesis that MCs can restrain NEPC through OPN production, using in vitro co-cultures between murine or human tumor cell lines and MCs, and in vivo experiments. We unveiled a role for the intracellular isoform of OPN, so far neglected compared with the secreted isoform. Mechanistically, we unraveled that the intracellular isoform of OPN promotes TNFα production in MCs via the TLR2/TLR4-MyD88 axis, specifically triggered by the encounter with NEPC cells. We found that MC-derived TNFα, in turn, hampered the growth of NEPC. We then identified the protein syndecan-1 (SDC1) as the NEPC-specific TLR2/TLR4 ligand that triggered this pathway. Interrogating published single-cell RNA-sequencing data, we validated this mechanism in a different mouse model. Translational relevance of the results was provided by in silico analyses of available human NEPC datasets and by immunofluorescence on patient-derived adenocarcinoma and NEPC lesions. Overall, our results show that MCs actively inhibit NEPC, paving the way for innovative MC-based therapies for this fatal tumor. We also highlight SDC1 as a potential biomarker for incipient NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Sulsenti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina B. Scialpi
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Barbara Frossi
- Immunology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - Laura Botti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Renata Ferri
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Irene Tripodi
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Piva
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sabina Sangaletti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Davide Pernici
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Valeria Cancila
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Dipartimento di Onologia Sperimentale, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Claudia Chiodoni
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniele Lecis
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bianchi
- Microenvironment and Biomarkers in Solid tumors Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Irene Fischetti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Claudia Enriquez
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Filippo Crivelli
- Oncology-Hematology Unit, ASST Valle Olona, Busto Arsizio, Italy.
| | - Marco Bregni
- Oncology-Hematology Unit, ASST Valle Olona, Busto Arsizio, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Renne
- Uropathology and Intraoperative Diagnostic Division, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Pece
- Dipartimento di Onologia Sperimentale, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Carlo E. Pucillo
- Immunology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - Mario P. Colombo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elena Jachetti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Pascal M, Bax HJ, Bergmann C, Bianchini R, Castells M, Chauhan J, De Las Vecillas L, Hartmann K, Álvarez EI, Jappe U, Jimenez-Rodriguez TW, Knol E, Levi-Schaffer F, Mayorga C, Poli A, Redegeld F, Santos AF, Jensen-Jarolim E, Karagiannis SN. Granulocytes and mast cells in AllergoOncology-Bridging allergy to cancer: An EAACI position paper. Allergy 2024; 79:2319-2345. [PMID: 39036854 DOI: 10.1111/all.16246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Derived from the myeloid lineage, granulocytes, including basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils, along with mast cells, play important, often disparate, roles across the allergic disease spectrum. While these cells and their mediators are commonly associated with allergic inflammation, they also exhibit several functions either promoting or restricting tumor growth. In this Position Paper we discuss common granulocyte and mast cell features relating to immunomodulatory functions in allergy and in cancer. We highlight key mechanisms which may inform cancer treatment and propose pertinent areas for future research. We suggest areas where understanding the communication between granulocytes, mast cells, and the tumor microenvironment, will be crucial for identifying immune mechanisms that may be harnessed to counteract tumor development. For example, a comprehensive understanding of allergic and immune factors driving distinct neutrophil states and those mechanisms that link mast cells with immunotherapy resistance, might enable targeted manipulation of specific subpopulations, leading to precision immunotherapy in cancer. We recommend specific areas of investigation in AllergoOncology and knowledge exchange across disease contexts to uncover pertinent reciprocal functions in allergy and cancer and allow therapeutic manipulation of these powerful cell populations. These will help address the unmet needs in stratifying and managing patients with allergic diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Pascal
- Immunology Department, CDB, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- RETICS Asma, reacciones adversas y alérgicas (ARADYAL) and RICORS Red De Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Heather J Bax
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences & KHP Centre for Translational Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christoph Bergmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, RKM740 Interdisciplinary Clinics, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- The interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mariana Castells
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Drug Hypersensitivity and Desensitization Center, Mastocytosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jitesh Chauhan
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences & KHP Centre for Translational Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Karin Hartmann
- Division of Allergy, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elena Izquierdo Álvarez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada Nemesio Díez (IMMA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Uta Jappe
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Allergology, Priority Research Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Department of Pneumology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Edward Knol
- Departments Center of Translational Immunology and Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Cristobalina Mayorga
- RETICS Asma, reacciones adversas y alérgicas (ARADYAL) and RICORS Red De Enfermedades Inflamatorias (REI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Allergy Unit and Research Laboratory, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga-HRUM, Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Málaga -IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Aurélie Poli
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Frank Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra F Santos
- Department of Women and Children's Health (Pediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- The interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences & KHP Centre for Translational Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Cancer Centre, London, UK
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4
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Maimaitiyiming A, An H, Xing C, Li X, Li Z, Bai J, Luo C, Zhuo T, Huang X, Maimaiti A, Aikemu A, Wang Y. Machine learning-driven mast cell gene signatures for prognostic and therapeutic prediction in prostate cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35157. [PMID: 39170129 PMCID: PMC11336432 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The role of Mast cells has not been thoroughly explored in the context of prostate cancer's (PCA) unpredictable prognosis and mixed immunotherapy outcomes. Our research aims to employs a comprehensive computational methodology to evaluate Mast cell marker gene signatures (MCMGS) derived from a global cohort of 1091 PCA patients. This approach is designed to identify a robust biomarker to assist in prognosis and predicting responses to immunotherapy. Methods This study initially identified mast cell-associated biomarkers from prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) patients across six international cohorts. We employed a variety of machine learning techniques, including Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Lasso regression, and the Cox Proportional Hazards Model, to develop an effective MCMGS from candidate genes. Subsequently, an immunological assessment of MCMGS was conducted to provide new insights into the evaluation of immunotherapy responses and prognostic assessments. Additionally, we utilized Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and pathway analysis to explore the biological pathways and mechanisms associated with MCMGS. Results MCMGS incorporated 13 marker genes and was successful in segregating patients into distinct high- and low-risk categories. Prognostic efficacy was confirmed by survival analysis incorporating MCMGS scores, alongside clinical parameters such as age, T stage, and Gleason scores. High MCMGS scores were correlated with upregulated pathways in fatty acid metabolism and β-alanine metabolism, while low scores correlated with DNA repair mechanisms, homologous recombination, and cell cycle progression. Patients classified as low-risk displayed increased sensitivity to drugs, indicating the utility of MCMGS in forecasting responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Conclusion The combination of MCMGS with a robust machine learning methodology demonstrates considerable promise in guiding personalized risk stratification and informing therapeutic decisions for patients with PCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abudukeyoumu Maimaitiyiming
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Urological, Urology Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hengqing An
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Urological, Urology Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Urogenital Diseases, Urumqi, China
| | - Chen Xing
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Urological, Urology Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Urogenital Diseases, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Urological, Urology Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Urogenital Diseases, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junbo Bai
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Urology Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Urological, Urology Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tao Zhuo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Urological, Urology Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xin Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Urological, Urology Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Aierpati Maimaiti
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | | | - Yujie Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Urological, Urology Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center of Urogenital Diseases, Urumqi, China
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5
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Dairo O, DePaula Oliveira L, Schaffer E, Vidotto T, Mendes AA, Lu J, Huynh SV, Hicks J, Sowalsky AG, De Marzo AM, Joshu CE, Hanratty B, Sfanos KS, Isaacs WB, Haffner MC, Lotan TL. FASN Gene Methylation is Associated with Fatty Acid Synthase Expression and Clinical-genomic Features of Prostate Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:152-163. [PMID: 38112617 PMCID: PMC10795515 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) catalyzes the synthesis of long-chain saturated fatty acids and is overexpressed during prostatic tumorigenesis, where it is the therapeutic target in several ongoing trials. However, the mechanism of FASN upregulation in prostate cancer remains unclear. Here, we examine FASN gene CpG methylation pattern by InfiniumEPIC profiling and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing across multiple racially diverse primary and metastatic prostate cancer cohorts, comparing with FASN protein expression as measured by digitally quantified IHC assay and reverse phase protein array analysis or FASN gene expression. We demonstrate that the FASN gene body is hypomethylated and overexpressed in primary prostate tumors compared with benign tissue, and FASN gene methylation is significantly inversely correlated with FASN protein or gene expression in both primary and metastatic prostate cancer. Primary prostate tumors with ERG gene rearrangement have increased FASN expression and we find evidence of FASN hypomethylation in this context. FASN expression is also significantly increased in prostate tumors from carriers of the germline HOXB13 G84E mutation compared with matched controls, consistent with a report that HOXB13 may contribute to epigenetic regulation of FASN in vitro. However, in contrast to previous studies, we find no significant association of FASN expression or methylation with self-identified race in models that include ERG status across two independent primary tumor cohorts. Taken together, these data support a potential epigenetic mechanism for FASN regulation in the prostate which may be relevant for selecting patients responsive to FASN inhibitors. SIGNIFICANCE Here, we leverage multiple independent primary and metastatic prostate cancer cohorts to demonstrate that FASN gene body methylation is highly inversely correlated with FASN gene and protein expression. This finding may shed light on epigenetic mechanisms of FASN regulation in prostate cancer and provides a potentially useful biomarker for selecting patients in future trials of FASN inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwademilade Dairo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Ethan Schaffer
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Thiago Vidotto
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Adrianna A. Mendes
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jiayun Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sophie Vo Huynh
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jessica Hicks
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Adam G. Sowalsky
- Laboratory of Genitourinary Cancer Pathogenesis, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Angelo M. De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Corrine E. Joshu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brian Hanratty
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Karen S. Sfanos
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William B. Isaacs
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael C. Haffner
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Tamara L. Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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6
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Guo X, Sun M, Yang P, Meng X, Liu R. Role of mast cells activation in the tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy of cancers. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176103. [PMID: 37852570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The mast cell is an important cellular component that plays a crucial role in the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune responses within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, numerous studies have indicated that mast cells related to tumors play a dual role in regulating cancers, with conflicting results seemingly determined by the degranulation medium. As such, mast cells are an ignored but very promising potential target for cancer immunotherapy based on their immunomodulatory function. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the roles and mechanisms of mast cells in diverse cancer types. Firstly, we evaluated the infiltration density and location of mast cells on tumor progression. Secondly, mast cells are activated by the TME and subsequently release a range of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, chemokines, and lipid products that modulate their pro-or anti-tumor functions. Thirdly, activated mast cells engage in intercellular communication with other immune or stromal cells to modulate the immune status or promote tumor development. Finally, we deliberated on the clinical significance of targeting mast cells as a therapeutic approach to restrict tumor initiation and progression. Overall, our review aims to provide insights for future research on the role of mast cells in tumors and their potential as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, China
| | - Mingjun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingchen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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7
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Fernandes R, Costa C, Fernandes R, Barros AN. Inflammation in Prostate Cancer: Exploring the Promising Role of Phenolic Compounds as an Innovative Therapeutic Approach. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3140. [PMID: 38137361 PMCID: PMC10740737 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a significant global health concern, being a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Furthermore, profound understanding of the disease is needed. Prostate inflammation caused by external or genetic factors is a central player in prostate carcinogenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying inflammation-driven PCa remain poorly understood. This review dissects the diagnosis methods for PCa and the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease, clarifying the dynamic interplay between inflammation and leukocytes in promoting tumour development and spread. It provides updates on recent advances in elucidating and treating prostate carcinogenesis, and opens new insights for the use of bioactive compounds in PCa. Polyphenols, with their noteworthy antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, along with their synergistic potential when combined with conventional treatments, offer promising prospects for innovative therapeutic strategies. Evidence from the use of polyphenols and polyphenol-based nanoparticles in PCa revealed their positive effects in controlling tumour growth, proliferation, and metastasis. By consolidating the diverse features of PCa research, this review aims to contribute to increased understanding of the disease and stimulate further research into the role of polyphenols and polyphenol-based nanoparticles in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fernandes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Cátia Costa
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- FP-I3ID, Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento, FP-BHS, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal;
- CECLIN, Centro de Estudos Clínicos, Hospital Fernando Pessoa, 4420-096 Gondomar, Portugal
- I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Novo Barros
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
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8
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Schafer CC, Jiang J, Elsamanoudi S, Nousome D, Young DY, Song Y, Sesterhenn IA, Chesnut GT, Tan SH. Immunologic Assessment of Tumors from a Race-matched Military Cohort Identifies Mast Cell Depletion as a Marker of Prostate Cancer Progression. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1423-1434. [PMID: 37534375 PMCID: PMC10392708 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the cellular immune components underlying aggressive prostate cancer, especially among African American (AA) men who are disproportionately affected by this disease compared with Caucasian American (CA) men, will support more inclusive precision medicine treatment strategies. We aimed to evaluate which immune-related genes and cell types are differentially expressed in AA tumors and how immunobiology impacts prostate cancer progression. We purified nucleic acid from tumor biopsies, obtained following radical prostatectomy, from 51 patients (AA = 26, CA = 25). Gene expression was measured using the NanoString platform from which we estimated immune cell abundances and assessed differences between groups based on clinicopathologic data. Product-limit estimates determined associations with biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free and metastasis-free survival. DVL2 and KLRC2 were significantly upregulated in CA tumors and were also associated with worse disease progression. No significant differences in immune cell abundances by race were observed. Highly significant reductions in abundances of mast cells versus tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were found in men with high-grade pathologies and in men who later developed metastases. Low ratios of mast cells versus TILs were associated with worse BCR-free survival and metastasis-free survival. Although estimated immune cell abundances were not different by race, we identified genes involved in metabolism and natural killer cell functions that were differentially expressed between AA and CA tumors. Among the entire cohort, depletion of mast cells within prostatectomy tumors was characteristic of advanced disease and susceptibility to disease progression. Significance Our findings demonstrate that there are immune-related genes and pathways that differ by race. Impaired intratumoral cellular immune composition, especially for TIL-normalized mast cells, may be vital in predicting and contributing to prostate cancer disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara C. Schafer
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jiji Jiang
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sally Elsamanoudi
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Darryl Nousome
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Denise Y. Young
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yingjie Song
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Gregory T. Chesnut
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Urology Service, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shyh-Han Tan
- Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
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9
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Sulsenti R, Jachetti E. Frenemies in the Microenvironment: Harnessing Mast Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1692. [PMID: 37376140 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor development, progression, and resistance to therapies are influenced by the interactions between tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment, comprising fibroblasts, immune cells, and extracellular matrix proteins. In this context, mast cells (MCs) have recently emerged as important players. Yet, their role is still controversial, as MCs can exert pro- or anti-tumor functions in different tumor types depending on their location within or around the tumor mass and their interaction with other components of the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we describe the main aspects of MC biology and the different contribution of MCs in promoting or inhibiting cancer growth. We then discuss possible therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting MCs for cancer immunotherapy, which include: (1) targeting c-Kit signaling; (2) stabilizing MC degranulation; (3) triggering activating/inhibiting receptors; (4) modulating MC recruitment; (5) harnessing MC mediators; (6) adoptive transferring of MCs. Such strategies should aim to either restrain or sustain MC activity according to specific contexts. Further investigation would allow us to better dissect the multifaceted roles of MCs in cancer and tailor novel approaches for an "MC-guided" personalized medicine to be used in combination with conventional anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Sulsenti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Jachetti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
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10
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Krishnan SN, Thanasupawat T, Arreza L, Wong GW, Sfanos K, Trock B, Arock M, Shah GG, Glogowska A, Ghavami S, Hombach-Klonisch S, Klonisch T. Human C1q Tumor Necrosis Factor 8 (CTRP8) defines a novel tryptase+ mast cell subpopulation in the prostate cancer microenvironment. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166681. [PMID: 36921737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The adipokine C1q Tumor Necrosis Factor 8 (CTRP8) is the least known member of the 15 CTRP proteins and a ligand of the relaxin receptor RXFP1. We previously demonstrated the ability of the CTRP8-RXFP1 interaction to promote motility, matrix invasion, and drug resistance. The lack of specific tools to detect CTRP8 protein severely limits our knowledge on CTRP8 biological functions in normal and tumor tissues. Here, we have generated and characterized the first specific antiserum to human CTRP8 which identified CTRP8 as a novel marker of tryptase+ mast cells (MCT) in normal human tissues and in the prostate cancer (PC) microenvironment. Using human PC tissue microarrays composed of neoplastic and corresponding tumor-adjacent prostate tissues, we have identified a significantly higher number of CTRP8+ MCT in the peritumor versus intratumor compartment of PC tissues of Gleason scores 6 and 7. Higher numbers of CTRP8+ MCT correlated with the clinical parameter of biochemical recurrence. We showed that the human MC line ROSAKIT WT expressed RXFP1 transcripts and responded to CTRP8 treatment with a small but significant increase in cell proliferation. Like the cognate RXFP1 ligand RLN-2 and the small molecule RXFP1 agonist ML-290, CTRP8 reduced degranulation of ROSAKIT WT MC stimulated by the Ca2+-ionophore A14187. In conclusion, this is the first report to identify the RXFP1 agonist CTRP8 as a novel marker of MCT and autocrine/paracrine oncogenic factor within the PC microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Nivedita Krishnan
- Dept. of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Thatchawan Thanasupawat
- Dept. of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Leanne Arreza
- Dept. of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - G William Wong
- Dept. of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen Sfanos
- Dept. of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce Trock
- Dept. of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michel Arock
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - G Girish Shah
- Dept. of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, CHU de Quebec-Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Glogowska
- Dept. of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Dept. of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada; Research Institute of Cancer and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sabine Hombach-Klonisch
- Dept. of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada; Dept. of Pathology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | - Thomas Klonisch
- Dept. of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada; Dept. of Pathology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada; Research Institute of Cancer and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Dept. of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada.
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11
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dos Reis FD, Jerónimo C, Correia MP. Epigenetic modulation and prostate cancer: Paving the way for NK cell anti-tumor immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1152572. [PMID: 37090711 PMCID: PMC10113550 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1152572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoepigenetics is a growing field, as there is mounting evidence on the key role played by epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of tumor immune cell recognition and control of immune cell anti-tumor responses. Moreover, it is increasingly acknowledgeable a tie between epigenetic regulation and prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. PCa is intrinsically a cold tumor, with scarce immune cell infiltration and low inflammatory tumor microenvironment. However, Natural Killer (NK) cells, main anti-tumor effector immune cells, have been frequently linked to improved PCa prognosis. The role that epigenetic-related mechanisms might have in regulating both NK cell recognition of PCa tumor cells and NK cell functions in PCa is still mainly unknown. Epigenetic modulating drugs have been showing boundless therapeutic potential as anti-tumor agents, however their role in immune cell regulation and recognition is scarce. In this review, we focused on studies addressing modulation of epigenetic mechanisms involved in NK cell-mediated responses, including both the epigenetic modulation of tumor cell NK ligand expression and NK cell receptor expression and function in different tumor models, highlighting studies in PCa. The integrated knowledge from diverse epigenetic modulation mechanisms promoting NK cell-mediated immunity in various tumor models might open doors for the development of novel epigenetic-based therapeutic options for PCa management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa D. dos Reis
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Master Program in Oncology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Margareta P. Correia
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Margareta P. Correia,
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12
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Sfanos KS. Immune cell infiltrates and prognosis in localized prostate cancer †. J Pathol 2021; 256:135-138. [PMID: 34694014 DOI: 10.1002/path.5817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence indicate that quantification of immune cell infiltrates in primary prostate cancer can predict outcomes after radical prostatectomy, including biochemical recurrence, metastasis, and death from prostate cancer. In a recent issue of The Journal of Pathology, Andersen et al explored the predictive value of cancer tissue infiltration of seven immune cell types (mast cells, M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, B cells, T helper cells, cytotoxic T cells, and regulatory T cells) in association with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. In addition to reporting a potential association between cancer-infiltrating regulatory T cells and M1 and M2 macrophages and biochemical recurrence, the study also highlighted the use of multiplex digital pathology analyses to assess adverse predictors of prostate cancer outcomes. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen S Sfanos
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Jianfeng W, Yutao W, Jianbin B. TACR2 is associated with the immune microenvironment and inhibits migration and proliferation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in prostate cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:415. [PMID: 34364377 PMCID: PMC8349497 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The tachykinin receptor 2 (TACR2) is encoded by the tachykinin receptor correlation gene. Recent microarray analysis for prostate cancer suggests that TACR2 expression is associated with clinical phenotype and disease-free survival among patients with prostate cancer. Results TACR2 protein levels were lower in prostate cancer tissues than in adjacent normal prostate tissue. TACR2 expression significantly correlated with clinical stage, Gleason scores, and survival outcomes. TACR2 expression positively correlated with mast cells and negatively correlated with M2 macrophages. Overexpression of TACR2 promoted the migration and proliferation of prostate cancer cells by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway. Conclusions The TACR2-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is critical in prostate cancer. TACR2 may affect tumor cells’ occurrence and development by changing the content of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. These findings suggest that TACR2 may be a candidate molecular biomarker for prostate cancer therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02126-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jianfeng
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Yutao
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi Jianbin
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Vidal I, Zheng Q, Hicks JL, Chen J, Platz EA, Trock BJ, Kulac I, Baena-Del Valle JA, Sfanos KS, Ernst S, Jones T, Maynard JP, Glavaris SA, Nelson WG, Yegnasubramanian S, De Marzo AM. GSTP1 positive prostatic adenocarcinomas are more common in Black than White men in the United States. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0241934. [PMID: 34191807 PMCID: PMC8244883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GSTP1 is a member of the Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) family silenced by CpG island DNA hypermethylation in 90-95% of prostate cancers. However, prostate cancers expressing GSTP1 have not been well characterized. We used immunohistochemistry against GSTP1 to examine 1673 primary prostatic adenocarcinomas on tissue microarrays (TMAs) with redundant sampling from the index tumor from prostatectomies. GSTP1 protein was positive in at least one TMA core in 7.7% of cases and in all TMA cores in 4.4% of cases. The percentage of adenocarcinomas from Black patients who had any GSTP1 positive TMA cores was 14.9%, which was 2.5 times higher than the percentage from White patients (5.9%; P < 0.001). Further, the percentages of tumors from Black patients who had all TMA spots positive for GSTP1 (9.5%) was 3-fold higher than the percentage from White patients (3.2%; P<0.001). In terms of association with other molecular alterations, GSTP1 positivity was enriched in ERG positive cancers among Black men. By in situ hybridization, GSTP1 mRNA expression was concordant with protein staining, supporting the lack of silencing of at least some GSTP1 alleles in GSTP1-positive tumor cells. This is the first report revealing that GSTP1-positive prostate cancers are substantially over-represented among prostate cancers from Black compared to White men. This observation should prompt additional studies to determine whether GSTP1 positive cases represent a distinct molecular subtype of prostate cancer and whether GSTP1 expression could provide a biological underpinning for the observed disparate outcomes for Black men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Vidal
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Qizhi Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jessica L. Hicks
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Platz
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bruce J. Trock
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | | | - Karen S. Sfanos
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sarah Ernst
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tracy Jones
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Janielle P. Maynard
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephanie A. Glavaris
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William G. Nelson
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Angelo M. De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- The Brady Urological Research Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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15
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Hempel Sullivan H, Maynard JP, Heaphy CM, Lu J, De Marzo AM, Lotan TL, Joshu CE, Sfanos KS. Differential mast cell phenotypes in benign versus cancer tissues and prostate cancer oncologic outcomes. J Pathol 2021; 253:415-426. [PMID: 33338262 DOI: 10.1002/path.5606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We reported previously that high numbers of mast cells in benign (extra-tumoral) regions of the prostate are associated with worse outcomes after radical prostatectomy including biochemical recurrence and the development of metastases. Herein, with a cohort of 384 men, we performed mast cell subtyping and report that higher minimum number of the tryptase-only (MCT ) subset of extra-tumoral mast cells is associated with increased risk of biochemical recurrence (comparing highest to lowest tertiles: HR 2.32, 95% CI 1.37-3.93; P-trend = 0.002), metastases (HR 3.62, 95% CI 1.75-7.47; P-trend 0.001), and death from prostate cancer (HR 2.87, 95% CI 1.19-6.95; P-trend = 0.02). Preliminary RNA sequencing and comparison of benign versus cancer tissue mast cells revealed differential expression of additional site-specific genes. We further demonstrate that the genes CXCR4 and TFE3 are more highly expressed in tumor-infiltrating mast cells as well as other tumor-infiltrating immune cells and in tumor cells, respectively, and represent an altered tumor microenvironment. KIT variants were also differentially expressed in benign versus cancer tissue mast cells, with KIT variant 1 (GNNK+ ) mast cells identified as more prevalent in extra-tumoral regions of the prostate. Finally, using an established mouse model, we found that mast cells do not infiltrate Hi-Myc tumors, providing a model to specifically examine the role of extra-tumoral mast cells in tumorigenesis. Hi-Myc mice crossed to mast cell knockout (Wsh) mice and aged to 1 year revealed a higher degree of pre-invasive lesions and invasive cancer in wild-type mice versus heterozygous and knockout mice. This suggests a dosage effect where higher numbers of extra-tumoral mast cells resulted in higher cancer invasion. Overall, our studies provide further evidence for a role of extra-tumoral mast cells in driving adverse prostate cancer outcomes. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Hempel Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janielle P Maynard
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher M Heaphy
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiayun Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tamara L Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Corinne E Joshu
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen S Sfanos
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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