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Luo P, Liu X, Tang Z, Xiong B. Decreased expression of HBA1 and HBB genes in acute myeloid leukemia patients and their inhibitory effects on growth of K562 cells. Hematology 2022; 27:1003-1009. [DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2117186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Luo
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zehai Tang
- Department of Emergency, The Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei Xiong
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Insights into Regulators of p53 Acetylation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233825. [PMID: 36497084 PMCID: PMC9737083 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of dozens of target genes and diverse physiological processes. To precisely regulate the p53 network, p53 undergoes various post-translational modifications and alters the selectivity of target genes. Acetylation plays an essential role in cell fate determination through the activation of p53. Although the acetylation of p53 has been examined, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear and, thus, have attracted the interest of researchers. We herein discuss the role of acetylation in the p53 pathway, with a focus on p53 acetyltransferases and deacetylases. We also review recent findings on the regulators of these enzymes to understand the mode of p53 acetylation from a broader perspective.
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3
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CARM1 inhibition reduces histone acetyltransferase activity causing synthetic lethality in CREBBP/EP300-mutated lymphomas. Leukemia 2020; 34:3269-3285. [PMID: 32576962 PMCID: PMC7688486 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0908-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Somatic mutations affecting CREBBP and
EP300 are a hallmark of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
(DLBCL). These mutations are frequently monoallelic, within the histone
acetyltransferase (HAT) domain and usually mutually exclusive, suggesting that
they might affect a common pathway and their residual WT expression is required
for cell survival. Using in vitro and in vivo
models, we found that inhibition of CARM1 activity (CARM1i) slows DLBCL growth
and that the levels of sensitivity are positively correlated with the
CREBBP/EP300 mutation load. Conversely, treatment of DLBCLs
that do not have CREBBP/EP300 mutations with CARM1i and a
CBP/p300 inhibitor revealed a strong synergistic effect. Our mechanistic data
show that CARM1i further reduces the HAT activity of CBP genome wide and
downregulates CBP target genes in DLBCL cells, resulting in a synthetic
lethality that leverages the mutational status of CREBBP/EP300
as a biomarker for the use of small molecule inhibitors of CARM1 in DLBCL and
other cancers.
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4
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Huang H, Zou Y, Zhang H, Li X, Li Y, Deng X, Sun H, Guo Z, Ao L. A qualitative transcriptional prognostic signature for patients with stage I-II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Transl Res 2020; 219:30-44. [PMID: 32119844 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Accurately prognostic evaluation of patients with stage I-II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is of importance to treatment decision and patient management. Most previously reported prognostic signatures were based on risk scores summarized from quantitative expression measurements of signature genes, which are susceptible to experimental batch effects and impractical for clinical applications. Based on the within-sample relative expression orderings of genes, we developed a robust qualitative transcriptional prognostic signature, consisting of 64 gene pairs (64-GPS), to predict the overall survival (OS) of 161 stage I-II PDAC patients in the training dataset who were treated with surgery only. Samples were classified into the high-risk group when at least 25 of 64 gene pairs suggested it was at high risk. The signature was successfully validated in 324 samples from 6 independent datasets produced by different laboratories. All samples in the low-risk group had significantly better OS than samples in the high-risk group. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the 64-GPS remained significantly associated with the OS of patients after adjusting available clinical factors. Transcriptomic analysis of the 2 prognostic subgroups showed that the differential expression signals were highly reproducible in all datasets, whereas the differences between samples grouped by the TNM staging system were weak and irreproducible. The epigenomic analysis showed that the epigenetic alternations may cause consistently transcriptional changes between the 2 different prognostic groups. The genomic analysis revealed that mutation‑induced disturbances in several key genes, such as LRMDA, MAPK10, and CREBBP, might lead to poor prognosis for PDAC patients. Conclusively, the 64-GPS can robustly predict the prognosis of patients with stage I-II PDAC, which provides theoretical basis for clinical individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Huang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zou
- Department of Automation and Key Laboratory of China MOE for System Control and Information Processing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huarong Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xusheng Deng
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huaqin Sun
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lu Ao
- Department of Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China.
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5
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Lin DC, Wang MR, Koeffler HP. Genomic and Epigenomic Aberrations in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Implications for Patients. Gastroenterology 2018; 154:374-389. [PMID: 28757263 PMCID: PMC5951382 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignancy without effective therapy. The exomes of more than 600 ESCCs have been sequenced in the past 4 years, and numerous key aberrations have been identified. Recently, researchers reported both inter- and intratumor heterogeneity. Although these are interesting observations, their clinical implications are unclear due to the limited number of samples profiled. Epigenomic alterations, such as changes in DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and RNA editing, also have been observed in ESCCs. However, it is not clear what proportion of ESCC cells carry these epigenomic aberrations or how they contribute to tumor development. We review the genomic and epigenomic characteristics of ESCCs, with a focus on emerging themes. We discuss their clinical implications and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Chen Lin
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Ming-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - H. Phillip Koeffler
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore,National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore
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6
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Ogiwara H, Sasaki M, Mitachi T, Oike T, Higuchi S, Tominaga Y, Kohno T. Targeting p300 Addiction in CBP-Deficient Cancers Causes Synthetic Lethality by Apoptotic Cell Death due to Abrogation of MYC Expression. Cancer Discov 2015; 6:430-45. [DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-15-0754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Interplay among epigenetic alterations and crosstalk between genetic and epigenetic alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Esophagus 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10388-014-0431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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8
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Ding L, Chen S, Liu P, Pan Y, Zhong J, Regan KM, Wang L, Yu C, Rizzardi A, Cheng L, Zhang J, Schmechel SC, Cheville JC, Van Deursen J, Tindall DJ, Huang H. CBP loss cooperates with PTEN haploinsufficiency to drive prostate cancer: implications for epigenetic therapy. Cancer Res 2014; 74:2050-61. [PMID: 24491799 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high incidence and mortality of prostate cancer, the etiology of this disease is not fully understood. In this study, we develop functional evidence for CBP and PTEN interaction in prostate cancer based on findings of their correlate expression in the human disease. Cbp(pc-/-);Pten(pc+/-) mice exhibited higher cell proliferation in the prostate and an early onset of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Levels of EZH2 methyltransferase were increased along with its Thr350 phosphorylation in both mouse Cbp(-/-); Pten(+/-) and human prostate cancer cells. CBP loss and PTEN deficiency cooperated to trigger a switch from K27-acetylated histone H3 to K27-trimethylated bulk histones in a manner associated with decreased expression of the growth inhibitory EZH2 target genes DAB2IP, p27(KIP1), and p21(CIP1). Conversely, treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat reversed this switch, in a manner associated with tumor suppression in Cbp(pc-/-);Pten(pc+/-) mice. Our findings show how CBP and PTEN interact to mediate tumor suppression in the prostate, establishing a central role for histone modification in the etiology of prostate cancer and providing a rationale for clinical evaluation of epigenetic-targeted therapy in patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Ding
- Authors' Affiliations: Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Urology, and Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester; Masonic Cancer Center; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Astar Biotech LLC, Richmond, Virginia; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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9
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Identification of novel autoantibodies for detection of malignant mesothelioma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72458. [PMID: 23977302 PMCID: PMC3747111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The malignant mesothelioma (MM) survival rate has been hampered by the lack of efficient and accurate early detection methods. The immune system may detect the early changes of tumor progression by responding with tumor-associated autoantibody production. Hence, in this study, we translated the humoral immune response to cancer proteins into a potential blood test for MM. Methodology/Principal Findings A T7 phage MM cDNA library was constructed using MM tumor tissues and biopanned for tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) using pooled MM patient and normal serum samples. About 1008 individual phage TAA clones from the biopanned library were subjected to protein microarray construction and tested with 53 MM and 52 control serum samples as a training group. Nine candidate autoantibody markers were selected from the training group using Tclass system and logistic regression statistical analysis, which achieved 94.3% sensitivity and 90.4% specificity with an AUC value of 0.89 in receiver operating characteristic analysis. The classifier was further evaluated with 50 patient and 50 normal serum samples as an independent blind validation, and the sensitivity of 86.0% and the specificity of 86.0% were obtained with an AUC of 0.82. Sequencing and BLASTN analysis of the classifier revealed that five of these nine candidate markers were found to have strong homology to cancer related proteins (PDIA6, MEG3, SDCCAG3, IGHG3, IGHG1). Conclusions/Significance Our results indicated that using a panel of 9 autoantibody markers presented a promising accuracy for MM detection. Although the results need further validation in high-risk groups, they provided the potentials in developing a serum-based assay for MM diagnosis.
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10
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Nakamura T, Sunami E, Nguyen T, Hoon DSB. Analysis of loss of heterozygosity in circulating DNA. Methods Mol Biol 2009; 520:221-229. [PMID: 19381958 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-811-9_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of genetic altera tion in circulating DNA can have clinical utility in predicting disease outcome. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of DNA microsatellites has been shown to occur commonly among all chromosomes in various cancers, such as melanoma, breast cancer, and lung cancer. In this protocol, we focused on the utility of LOH of microsatellite biomarkers for detection of analyzing circulating DNA. The protocol describes how PCR is performed on each patient's paired DNA samples (normal lymphocyte DNA and serum DNA) using specific microsatellite biomarkers followed by post-PCR product analysis using capillary array electrophoresis (CAE). The utility of CAE is due to its digitalization and accuracy of the post-PCR product results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
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11
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Sugiyama T, Frazier DP, Taneja P, Morgan RL, Willingham MC, Inoue K. Role of DMP1 and its future in lung cancer diagnostics. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2008; 8:435-47. [PMID: 18598225 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.8.4.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most lethal carcinoma worldwide. Mutations of p53, inactivation of p16(INK4a), and overexpression of cyclins E, A and B are independently associated with poor prognoses of patients, while the prognostic value of cyclin D1 or RB expression is inconclusive. Cyclin D binding myb-like protein 1 (Dmp1) encodes a DNA binding protein that receives signals from oncogenic Ras and functions as a tumor suppressor by activating the Arf-p53 [corrected] pathway. Dmp1 has been shown to be haplo-insufficient for tumor suppression in mouse models including K-ras-mediated lung carcinogenesis. The human DMP1 gene is located on chromosome 7q21, and our recent results revealed that the hDMP1 gene is deleted, but not mutated or silenced, in approximately 40 % of human non-small-cell lung carcinomas. These cases typically retained wild-type ARF and p53 and expressed very low levels of the hDMP1 protein. Thus, hDMP1 loss could be a novel diagnostic marker for non-small-cell lung carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Sugiyama
- The Department of Pathology & Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-0001, USA.
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12
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Lee J, Hagerty S, Cormier KA, Kim J, Kung AL, Ferrante RJ, Ryu H. Monoallele deletion of CBP leads to pericentromeric heterochromatin condensation through ESET expression and histone H3 (K9) methylation. Hum Mol Genet 2008; 17:1774-82. [PMID: 18319327 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin remodeling is tightly controlled under physiological conditions. Alterations in chromatin structure are involved in the pathogenesis of neuronal systems. We found that the monoallelic deletion of CREB binding protein (CBP) results in the induction of ERG-associated protein with SET domain (ESET) and increases trimethylation of histone H3 (K9) and condensation of pericentromeric heterochromatin structure in neurons. Nested deletion and mutational analysis of the ESET promoter further demonstrated that the Ets-2 transcription factor regulates transcriptional activity of the ESET gene. In CBP+/- mice, Ets-2 occupancy in the ESET promoter DNA was markedly elevated. Our results suggest that CBP is a transcriptional repressor of ESET gene expression by limiting Ets-2 transcriptional activity, while CBP siRNA enhances basal and Ets-2-dependent ESET transcriptional activity. Altered expression of the ESET gene and hypertrimethylation of H3 (K9) correlate with striatal neuron atrophy and dysfunction in CBP+/- mice. These results establish an alternative pathway that loss of CBP leads to the pericentric heterochromatin condensation through ESET expression and trimethylation of H3 (K9).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghee Lee
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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13
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Mallakin A, Sugiyama T, Taneja P, Matise LA, Frazier DP, Choudhary M, Hawkins GA, D'Agostino RB, Willingham MC, Inoue K. Mutually exclusive inactivation of DMP1 and ARF/p53 in lung cancer. Cancer Cell 2007; 12:381-94. [PMID: 17936562 PMCID: PMC2239345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2007] [Revised: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 08/31/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Dmp1 (Dmtf1) is activated by oncogenic Ras-Raf signaling and induces cell-cycle arrest in an Arf, p53-dependent fashion. The survival of K-ras(LA) mice was shortened by approximately 15 weeks in both Dmp1(+/-) and Dmp1(-/-) backgrounds, the lung tumors of which showed significantly decreased frequency of p53 mutations compared to Dmp1(+/+). Approximately 40% of K-ras(LA) lung tumors from Dmp1(+/+) mice lost one allele of the Dmp1 gene, suggesting the primary involvement of Dmp1 in K-ras-induced tumorigenesis. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the hDMP1 gene was detectable in approximately 35% of human lung carcinomas, which was found in mutually exclusive fashion with LOH of INK4a/ARF or that of P53. Thus, DMP1 is a pivotal tumor suppressor for both human and murine lung cancers.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/metabolism
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Adenosquamous/genetics
- Carcinoma, Adenosquamous/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/genetics
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/metabolism
- DNA Methylation
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Loss of Heterozygosity
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Time Factors
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transfection
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- ras Proteins/genetics
- ras Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mallakin
- The Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- The Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Takayuki Sugiyama
- The Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- The Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Pankaj Taneja
- The Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- The Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Lauren A. Matise
- The Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- The Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Donna P. Frazier
- The Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- The Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Mayur Choudhary
- The Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- The Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Gregory A. Hawkins
- Division of Human Genomics, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Ralph B. D'Agostino
- Department of Biostatistical Science, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Mark C. Willingham
- The Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Kazushi Inoue
- The Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- The Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- Corresponding author, Phone: 336-716-5863; FAX: 336-716-6757; E-mail:
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14
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Kaifi JT, Rawnaq T, Schurr PG, Yekebas EF, Mann O, Merkert P, Link BC, Kalinin V, Pantel K, Sauter G, Strate T, Izbicki JR. Short tandem repeat polymorphism in exon 4 of esophageal cancer-related gene 2 detected in genomic DNA is a prognostic marker for esophageal cancer. Am J Surg 2007; 194:380-4. [PMID: 17693286 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2006] [Revised: 01/20/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphisms in exon 4 of the esophageal cancer-related gene 2 (ECRG2) are a risk marker for esophageal carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to correlate these STRs with clinical outcome. METHODS Genomic DNA of 86 patients who underwent complete surgical resection was analyzed for STRs TCA3/TCA3, TCA3/TCA4, and TCA4/TCA4 in exon 4 of ECRG2 by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. RESULTS ECRG2 STR TCA3/TCA3 and TCA3/TCA4 were found in 40 (47%) patients, respectively, and TCA4/TCA4 in 6 (7%) cases. TCA3/TCA3 genotype was significantly associated with reduced survival (P < .05, log-rank test). TCA3/TCA3 STR was the strongest prognostic factor determined by multivariate Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS Genetically fixed STR polymorphism TCA3/TCA3 in exon 4 of ECRG2 is associated with poor clinical outcome in surgically treated esophageal cancer patients and might be a potential prognostic marker. The usefulness of these genetic markers to predict responsiveness toward neoadjuvant treatment of esophageal cancer patients would be of high clinical interest and should be examined in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussuf T Kaifi
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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15
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Miremadi A, Oestergaard MZ, Pharoah PDP, Caldas C. Cancer genetics of epigenetic genes. Hum Mol Genet 2007; 16 Spec No 1:R28-49. [PMID: 17613546 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddm021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer epigenome is characterised by specific DNA methylation and chromatin modification patterns. The proteins that mediate these changes are encoded by the epigenetics genes here defined as: DNA methyltransferases (DNMT), methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) proteins, histone acetyltransferases (HAT), histone deacetylases (HDAC), histone methyltransferases (HMT) and histone demethylases. We review the evidence that these genes can be targeted by mutations and expression changes in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Miremadi
- Cancer Genomics Program, Department of Oncology, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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16
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Abstract
In all organisms, cell proliferation is orchestrated by coordinated patterns of gene expression. Transcription results from the activity of the RNA polymerase machinery and depends on the ability of transcription activators and repressors to access chromatin at specific promoters. During the last decades, increasing evidence supports aberrant transcription regulation as contributing to the development of human cancers. In fact, transcription regulatory proteins are often identified in oncogenic chromosomal rearrangements and are overexpressed in a variety of malignancies. Most transcription regulators are large proteins, containing multiple structural and functional domains some with enzymatic activity. These activities modify the structure of the chromatin, occluding certain DNA regions and exposing others for interaction with the transcription machinery. Thus, chromatin modifiers represent an additional level of transcription regulation. In this review we focus on several families of transcription activators and repressors that catalyse histone post-translational modifications (acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination and SUMOylation); and how these enzymatic activities might alter the correct cell proliferation program, leading to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Santos-Rosa
- The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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17
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Dueñas-González A, Lizano M, Candelaria M, Cetina L, Arce C, Cervera E. Epigenetics of cervical cancer. An overview and therapeutic perspectives. Mol Cancer 2005; 4:38. [PMID: 16248899 PMCID: PMC1291396 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-4-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/25/2005] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer remains one of the greatest killers of women worldwide. It is difficult to foresee a dramatic increase in cure rate even with the most optimal combination of cytotoxic drugs, surgery, and radiation; therefore, testing of molecular targeted therapies against this malignancy is highly desirable. A number of epigenetic alterations occur during all stages of cervical carcinogenesis in both human papillomavirus and host cellular genomes, which include global DNA hypomethylation, hypermetylation of key tumor suppressor genes, and histone modifications. The reversible nature of epigenetic changes constitutes a target for transcriptional therapies, namely DNA methylation and histone deacetylase inhibitors. To date, studies in patients with cervical cancer have demonstrated the feasibility of reactivating the expression of hypermethylated and silenced tumor suppressor genes as well as the hyperacetylating and inhibitory effect upon histone deacetylase activity in tumor tissues after treatment with demethylating and histone deacetylase inhibitors. In addition, detection of epigenetic changes in cytological smears, serum DNA, and peripheral blood are of potential interest for development of novel biomolecular markers for early detection, prediction of response, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Dueñas-González
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INCan/IIB), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City. Mexico
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INCan/IIB), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City. Mexico
| | - Myrna Candelaria
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lucely Cetina
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Arce
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Cervera
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
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Lin SC, Chang MF, Chung MY, Chang CS, Kao SY, Liu CJ, Chang KW. Frequent microsatellite alterations of chromosome locus 4q13.1 in oral squamous cell carcinomas. J Oral Pathol Med 2005; 34:209-13. [PMID: 15752255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00296.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have revealed that losses of chromosome 4q24-25 regions are frequent in cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Our previous comparative genomic hybridization analysis showed extensive losses of chromosome arm 4q in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS To be more precise in mapping the potential regions of allelic losses and to understand the microsatellite instability (MSI) on 4q involving in oral pathogenesis, we performed allelotypings using eight polymorphic markers. Microsatellite analyses were first performed on 100 randomly selected controls to confirm the high informative rates of markers. Twenty OSCC tissues were microdissected from surgical specimens for microsatellite alterations (MA) analysis. RESULTS MA was observed in 95% OSCC cases. The most eminently altered locus was 4q13.1 (75%), followed by 4q22.2 and 4q32.1 (55%). Allelic losses also occurred most frequently on these loci. Thirty-five percent cases had MA spanning 4q13.1 to 4q21.1. MSI occurred in 35% OSCC, at a lesser extent compared with allelic losses. The most common locus for MSI was 4q21.2 (20%). In addition, 4q MSI was significantly associated with the lymph node metastasis of OSCC (P = 0.01). So far, most tumor suppressor genes on 4q have not been specified. CONCLUSION Our results were additive to previous findings and proposed novel scenario of suppressor loci located at 4q13.1-21.1 whose inactivation could be important for progression of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chun Lin
- School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kishimoto M, Kohno T, Okudela K, Otsuka A, Sasaki H, Tanabe C, Sakiyama T, Hirama C, Kitabayashi I, Minna JD, Takenoshita S, Yokota J. Mutations and Deletions of the CBP Gene in Human Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.512.11.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis led us to detect a homozygous deletion at the cyclic AMP response element binding protein-binding protein (CBP) locus in a lung cancer cell line. Oncogenic roles of CBP had been suggested by functional and genetic studies; thus, involvement of CBP gene alterations in lung carcinogenesis was investigated by undertaking comprehensive analysis of genetic CBP alterations in human lung cancer.
Experimental Design: Fifty-nine cell lines and 95 surgical specimens of lung cancer were analyzed for mutations, homozygous and hemizygous deletions, and expression of the CBP gene.
Results: Homozygous CBP deletions, including two intragenic deletions, were detected in three (5.1%) lung cancer cell lines. CBP mutations, including missense, nonsense, and frame-shift mutations, were detected in six (10.2 %) cell lines and five (5.3%) surgical specimens of lung cancer. The wild-type CBP allele was retained in 9 of 11 cases with CBP mutations, and both the wild-type and mutant alleles were expressed in all the six cases with heterozygous CBP mutations examined. Three mutations with amino acid substitutions in the histone acetyltransferase domain caused significant reduction in transcription activation activity of CBP protein in vivo.
Conclusions: A fraction of lung cancers carried mutations and/or deletions of the CBP gene, suggesting that genetic CBP alterations are involved in the genesis and/or progression of a subset of lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kishimoto
- 1Biology Division,
- 5Second Department of Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; and
| | | | | | | | - Hiroki Sasaki
- 2Center for Medical Genomics,
- 3Genetics Division, and
| | | | | | | | - Issay Kitabayashi
- 4Molecular Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John D. Minna
- 6Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Seiichi Takenoshita
- 5Second Department of Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan; and
| | - Jun Yokota
- 1Biology Division,
- 2Center for Medical Genomics,
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