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Khan A, Zhang Y, Ma N, Shi J, Hou Y. NF-κB role on tumor proliferation, migration, invasion and immune escape. Cancer Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41417-024-00811-6. [PMID: 39033218 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) is a nuclear transcription factor that plays a key factor in promoting inflammation, which can lead to the development of cancer in a long-lasting inflammatory environment. The activation of NF-κB is essential in the initial phases of tumor development and progression, occurring in both pre-malignant cells and cells in the microenvironment such as phagocytes, T cells, and B cells. In addition to stimulating angiogenesis, inhibiting apoptosis, and promoting the growth of tumor cells, NF-κB activation also causes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and tumor immune evasion. Therapeutic strategies that focus on immune checkpoint molecules have revolutionized cancer treatment by enabling the immune system to activate immunological responses against tumor cells. This review focused on understanding the NF-κB signaling pathway in the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrasyab Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - Ningna Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhong Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China.
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2
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Hjazi A, Nasir F, Noor R, Alsalamy A, Zabibah RS, Romero-Parra RM, Ullah MI, Mustafa YF, Qasim MT, Akram SV. The pathological role of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression; special focus on molecular mechanisms and possible therapeutics. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154616. [PMID: 37379710 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is comprised of transformed cells and non-malignant cells including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), endothelial vasculature cells, and tumor-infiltrating cells. These nonmalignant cells, as well as soluble factors (e.g., cytokines), and the extracellular matrix (ECM), form the tumor microenvironment (TME). In general, the cancer cells and their surrounding TME can crosstalk by direct cell-to-cell contact and via soluble factors, such as cytokines (e.g., chemokines). TME not only promotes cancer progression through growth-promoting cytokines but also provides resistance to chemotherapy. Understanding the mechanisms of tumor growth and progression and the roles of chemokines in CRC will likely suggest new therapeutic targets. In this line, a plethora of reports has evidenced the critical role of chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)/C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12 or SDF-1) axis in CRC pathogenesis. In the current review, we take a glimpse into the role of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in CRC growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and immune escape. Also, a summary of recent reports concerning targeting CXCR4/CXCL12 axis for CRC management and therapy has been delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rabia Noor
- Amna Inayat Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Medical Technique, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | | | - Muhammad Ikram Ullah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 75471, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
| | - Maytham T Qasim
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Shaik Vaseem Akram
- Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Division of Research & Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
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3
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High P, Carmon KS. G protein-coupled receptor-targeting antibody-drug conjugates: Current status and future directions. Cancer Lett 2023; 564:216191. [PMID: 37100113 PMCID: PMC11270908 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as promising anti-cancer therapeutic agents with several having already received market approval for the treatment of solid tumor and hematological malignancies. As ADC technology continues to improve and the range of indications treatable by ADCs increases, the repertoire of target antigens has expanded and will undoubtedly continue to grow. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are well-characterized therapeutic targets implicated in many human pathologies, including cancer, and represent a promising emerging target of ADCs. In this review, we will discuss the past and present therapeutic targeting of GPCRs and describe ADCs as therapeutic modalities. Moreover, we will summarize the status of existing preclinical and clinical GPCR-targeted ADCs and address the potential of GPCRs as novel targets for future ADC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton High
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kendra S Carmon
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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4
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Wang Y, Yin Z, Gao L, Ma B, Shi J, Chen H. Lipid Nanoparticles-Based Therapy in Liver Metastasis Management: From Tumor Cell-Directed Strategy to Liver Microenvironment-Directed Strategy. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2939-2954. [PMID: 37288351 PMCID: PMC10243353 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s402821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis to the liver, as one of the most frequent metastatic patterns, was associated with poor prognosis. Major drawbacks of conventional therapies in liver metastasis were the lack of metastatic-targeting ability, predominant systemic toxicities and incapability of tumor microenvironment modulations. Lipid nanoparticles-based strategies like galactosylated, lyso-thermosensitive or active-targeting chemotherapeutics liposomes have been explored in liver metastasis management. This review aimed to summarize the state-of-art lipid nanoparticles-based therapies in liver metastasis management. Clinical and translational studies on the lipid nanoparticles in treating liver metastasis were searched up to April, 2023 from online databases. This review focused not only on the updates in drug-encapsulated lipid nanoparticles directly targeting metastatic cancer cells in treating liver metastasis, but more importantly on research frontiers in drug-loading lipid nanoparticles targeting nonparenchymal liver tumor microenvironment components in treating liver metastasis, which showed promise for future clinical oncological practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Yin
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Gao
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Ma
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianming Shi
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Lakra R, Bouchette P, Rana M, Kulkarni S. Rectum to Medulla Oblongata: Colorectal Cancer Metastasizing to the Brainstem. Cureus 2023; 15:e39738. [PMID: 37398764 PMCID: PMC10310431 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis with colorectal cancer (CRC) is commonly seen in the liver, lungs and peritoneal cavity. Brainstem involvement with CRC is not studied with no prior reported cases. We report a case of CRC, admitted for apneic spells and dry cough and later found to have metastasis to the left anterolateral medulla oblongata. A 28-year-old male, with a past medical history of asthma, and colorectal adenocarcinoma metastatic to the brain, presented to the emergency department with complaints of a dry cough, altered mental status and shortness of breath. He was seen at urgent care before and was given a week of oral levofloxacin for presumptive pneumonia without any relief. Physical examination was concerning for stridor with clear lung fields. MRI brain showed previously noted post-operative right frontoparietal craniotomy changes and a new 9 x 8 x 8 mm ring-enhancing intra-axial lesion centered at the left anterolateral medulla oblongata indicative of brainstem metastatic disease. The patient was intubated for airway protection and underwent a suboccipital craniotomy for resection of the left pontomedullary mass, and histopathology was positive for metastatic adenocarcinoma, colorectal primary with hemorrhagic necrosis. He had a tracheostomy placed post multiple failed extubation trials and a gastrostomy tube for oral feeds. Goals of care were addressed with the patient and family, and a decision was made for home hospice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachaita Lakra
- Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Philip Bouchette
- Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Milin Rana
- Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Shreedhar Kulkarni
- Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
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Li Q, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt V, Schardey J, Wirth U, Zimmermann P, Andrassy J, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Kühn F. Gut Barrier Dysfunction and Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides in Colorectal Cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2023:10.1007/s11605-023-05654-4. [PMID: 36973501 PMCID: PMC10366024 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-023-05654-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is known to be an essential driver of various types of cancer. An increasing number of studies have suggested that the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC) are linked to the inflammatory microenvironment of the intestine. This assumption is further supported by the fact that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are more likely to develop CRC. Multiple studies in mice and humans have shown that preoperative systemic inflammatory response is predictive of cancer recurrence after potentially curative resection. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are membrane surface markers of gram-negative bacteria, which induce gut barrier dysfunction and inflammation and might be significantly involved in the occurrence and development of CRC. METHODS A selective literature search was conducted in Medline and PubMed, using the terms "Colorectal Cancer", "Gut Barrier", "Lipopolysaccharides", and "Inflammation". RESULTS Disruption of intestinal homeostasis, including gut barrier dysfunction, is linked to increased LPS levels and is a critical factor for chronic inflammation. LPS can activate the diverse nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway via Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) to promote the inflammatory response, which aggravates gut barrier dysfunction and encourages CRC development. An intact gut barrier prevents antigens and bacteria from crossing the intestinal endothelial layer and entering circulation. In contrast, a damaged gut barrier triggers inflammatory responses and increases susceptibility to CRC. Thus, targeting LPS and the gut barrier might be a promising novel therapeutic approach for additional treatment of CRC. CONCLUSION Gut barrier dysfuction and bacterial LPS seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis and disease progression of colorectal cancer and therefore require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktor von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Josefine Schardey
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Zimmermann
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kühn
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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7
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Organotropism of breast cancer metastasis: A comprehensive approach to the shared gene network. GENE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2023.101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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8
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Teo AYT, Lim VY, Yang VS. MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis, Prognostication and Prediction of Treatment Resistance in Soft Tissue Sarcomas. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030577. [PMID: 36765536 PMCID: PMC9913386 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas are highly aggressive malignant neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, accounting for less than 1% of adult cancers, but comprising over 20% of paediatric solid tumours. In locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic disease, outcomes from even the first line of systemic treatment are invariably poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are short non-coding RNA molecules, target and modulate multiple dysregulated target genes and/or signalling pathways within cancer cells. Accordingly, miRNAs demonstrate great promise for their utility in diagnosing, prognosticating and improving treatment for soft tissue sarcomas. This review aims to provide an updated discussion on the known roles of specific miRNAs in the pathogenesis of sarcomas, and their potential use in prognosticating outcomes and prediction of therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea York Tiang Teo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Vivian Yujing Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Valerie Shiwen Yang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Oncology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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Benčurová K, Friske J, Anderla M, Mayrhofer M, Wanek T, Nics L, Egger G, Helbich TH, Hacker M, Haug A, Mitterhauser M, Balber T. CAM-Xenograft Model Provides Preclinical Evidence for the Applicability of [ 68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor in CRC Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225549. [PMID: 36428644 PMCID: PMC9688097 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Increased expression of CXCR4 has been associated with liver metastasis, disease progression, and shortened survival. Using in vitro cell binding studies and the in ovo model, we aimed to investigate the potential of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor, a radiotracer specifically targeting human CXCR4, for CRC imaging. Specific membrane binding and internalisation of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor was shown for HT29 cells, but not for HCT116 cells. Accordingly, [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor accumulated specifically in CAM-xenografts derived from HT29 cells, but not in HCT116 xenografts, as determined by µPET/MRI. The CAM-grown xenografts were histologically characterised, demonstrating vascularisation of the graft, preserved expression of human CXCR4, and viability of the tumour cells within the grafts. In vivo viability was further confirmed by µPET/MRI measurements using 2-[18F]FDG as a surrogate for glucose metabolism. [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor µPET/MRI scans showed distinct radiotracer accumulation in the chick embryonal heart, liver, and kidneys, whereas 2-[18F]FDG uptake was predominantly found in the kidneys and joints of the chick embryos. Our findings suggest that [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor is an interesting novel radiotracer for CRC imaging that is worth further investigation. Moreover, this study further supports the suitability of the CAM-xenograft model for the initial preclinical evaluation of targeted radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Benčurová
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joachim Friske
- Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Anderla
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department for Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuela Mayrhofer
- School of Medical Engineering and Applied Social Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
- QIMP Team, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Wanek
- Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Nics
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerda Egger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas H. Helbich
- Division of Molecular and Structural Preclinical Imaging, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Haug
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory Applied Metabolomics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Mitterhauser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department for Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Theresa Balber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Yura M, Fukuda K, Matsuda S, Irino T, Nakamura R, Kawakubo H, Takeuchi H, Kitagawa Y. Effects of let-7a microRNA and C-C chemokine receptor type 7 expression on cellular function and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1064. [PMID: 36243683 PMCID: PMC9571429 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7) participates in chemotactic and metastatic responses in various cancers, including in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The microRNA (miRNA) let-7a suppresses migration and invasion of various types of cancer cells by downregulating CCR7 expression. METHODS The expression levels of CCR7 and let-7a were measured in the cell lines, tumor, and peritumoral tissues of ESCC patients. KYSE cell lines were transfected with synthetic let-7a miRNA and a let-7a miRNA inhibitor, and their CCR7 expression levels as well as invasive ability were evaluated. A highly invasive cell line was established via an invasion assay, and CCR7 expression level along with let-7a level was subsequently evaluated. Cancer cells overexpressing CCR7 were injected subcutaneously into mice, and the animals were monitored for tumor growth along with lymph node metastasis. RESULTS A negative correlation between CCR7 and let-7a expression was observed in the ESCC cell lines as well as in tissue samples from patients. Synthetic let-7a decreased CCR7 expression level, while the let-7a inhibitor increased it. In vitro, the established highly invasive cancer cells with high and low levels of CCR7 and let-7a expression, respectively, exhibited a greater invasive ability than the wild-type cell line. The cells were associated with tumor growth and lymph node metastasis in mice. Patients in the high-CCR7/low-let-7a group had the worst prognosis, with a five-year recurrence free survival (5-RFS) rate of 37.5%, followed by the high-CCR7/high-let-7a (5-RFS: 60.0%) and low-CCR7 (5-RFS: 85.7%; p = 0.038) groups. CONCLUSIONS The expression of CCR7 was downregulated by let-7a miRNA in esophageal cancer cells. The decrease in let-7a expression level led to the increased expression level of CCR7 in ESCC cells, consequently increasing their invasive ability and malignancy and resulting in a worse prognosis for ESCC patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yura
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Fukuda
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Satoru Matsuda
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Irino
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Rieko Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawakubo
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu-shi, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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11
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Bhat AA, Nisar S, Singh M, Ashraf B, Masoodi T, Prasad CP, Sharma A, Maacha S, Karedath T, Hashem S, Yasin SB, Bagga P, Reddy R, Frennaux MP, Uddin S, Dhawan P, Haris M, Macha MA. Cytokine‐ and chemokine‐induced inflammatory colorectal tumor microenvironment: Emerging avenue for targeted therapy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:689-715. [PMID: 35791509 PMCID: PMC9395317 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a predominant life‐threatening cancer, with liver and peritoneal metastases as the primary causes of death. Intestinal inflammation, a known CRC risk factor, nurtures a local inflammatory environment enriched with tumor cells, endothelial cells, immune cells, cancer‐associated fibroblasts, immunosuppressive cells, and secretory growth factors. The complex interactions of aberrantly expressed cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and matrix‐remodeling enzymes promote CRC pathogenesis and evoke systemic responses that affect disease outcomes. Mounting evidence suggests that these cytokines and chemokines play a role in the progression of CRC through immunosuppression and modulation of the tumor microenvironment, which is partly achieved by the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells. These cells impart features such as cancer stem cell‐like properties, drug resistance, invasion, and formation of the premetastatic niche in distant organs, promoting metastasis and aggressive CRC growth. A deeper understanding of the cytokine‐ and chemokine‐mediated signaling networks that link tumor progression and metastasis will provide insights into the mechanistic details of disease aggressiveness and facilitate the development of novel therapeutics for CRC. Here, we summarized the current knowledge of cytokine‐ and chemokine‐mediated crosstalk in the inflammatory tumor microenvironment, which drives immunosuppression, resistance to therapeutics, and metastasis during CRC progression. We also outlined the potential of this crosstalk as a novel therapeutic target for CRC. The major cytokine/chemokine pathways involved in cancer immunotherapy are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaz A. Bhat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Cancer Research Department Sidra Medicine Doha 26999 Qatar
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Cancer Research Department Sidra Medicine Doha 26999 Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi 110029 India
| | - Bazella Ashraf
- Department of Biotechnology School of Life Sciences Central University of Kashmir Ganderbal Jammu & Kashmir 191201 India
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Cancer Research Department Sidra Medicine Doha 26999 Qatar
| | - Chandra P. Prasad
- Department of Medical Oncology Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi 110029 India
| | - Atul Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi 110029 India
| | - Selma Maacha
- Division of Translational Medicine Research Branch Sidra Medicine Doha 26999 Qatar
| | - Thasni Karedath
- Genomics Core Facility, QBRI Qatar Foundation Doha 34110 Qatar
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Cancer Research Department Sidra Medicine Doha 26999 Qatar
| | - Syed Besina Yasin
- Department of Pathology Sher‐I‐Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar Jammu & Kashmir 190011 India
| | - Puneet Bagga
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Memphis TN 38105 USA
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | | | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute Hamad Medical Corporation Doha 3050 Qatar
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68198 USA
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Cancer Research Department Sidra Medicine Doha 26999 Qatar
- Laboratory Animal Research Center Qatar University Doha 2713 Qatar
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Watson‐Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine Islamic University of Science and Technology Awantipora Jammu & Kashmir 192122 India
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12
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Biswas P, Datta C, Rathi P, Bhattacharjee A. Fatty acids and their lipid mediators in the induction of cellular apoptosis in cancer cells. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2022; 160:106637. [PMID: 35341977 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic and linoleic acid through enzymes like lipoxygenases (LOXs) are common and often leads to the production of various bioactive lipids that are important both in acute inflammation and its resolution and thus in disease progression. Amongst the several isoforms of LOX that are expressed in mammals, 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) has shown to be crucial in the context of inflammation. Moreover, being expressed in cells of the immune system, as well as in epithelial cells; the enzyme has been shown to crosstalk with a number of important signalling pathways. Mounting evidences from recent reports suggest that 15-LOX has anti-cancer activities which are dependent or independent of its metabolites, and is executed through several downstream pathways like cGMP, PPAR, p53, p21 and NAG-1. However, it is still unclear whether the up-regulation of 15-LOX is associated with cancer cell apoptosis. Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), on the other hand, is a mitochondrial flavoenzyme which is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inflammation and in many other neurological disorders. MAO-A has also been reported as a potential therapeutic target in different types of cancers like prostate cancer, lung cancer etc. In this review, we discussed about the role of fatty acids and their lipid mediators in cancer cell apoptosis. Here we particularly focused on the contribution of oxidative enzymes like 15-LOX and MAO-A in mediating apoptosis in lung cancer cell after fatty acid induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Biswas
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Chandreyee Datta
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Parul Rathi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashish Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India.
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13
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Zhou H, Liu Z, Wang Y, Wen X, Amador EH, Yuan L, Ran X, Xiong L, Ran Y, Chen W, Wen Y. Colorectal liver metastasis: molecular mechanism and interventional therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:70. [PMID: 35246503 PMCID: PMC8897452 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00922-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently occurring malignancy tumors with a high morbidity additionally, CRC patients may develop liver metastasis, which is the major cause of death. Despite significant advances in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, the survival rate of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) patients remains very low. CRLM, as a complex cascade reaction process involving multiple factors and procedures, has complex and diverse molecular mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms/pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment of CRLM. We also focus on an overview of the recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of CRLM with a special emphasis on tumor microenvironment and promise of newer targeted therapies for CRLM, further improving the prognosis of CRLM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhongtao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Eric H Amador
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Liqin Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin Ran
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Yuping Ran
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA. .,Medical Technology Research Centre, Chelmsford Campus, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, UK.
| | - Yu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
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14
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C-C Chemokine Receptor 7 in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040656. [PMID: 35203305 PMCID: PMC8870371 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) was one of the first two chemokine receptors that were found to be upregulated in breast cancers. Chemokine receptors promote chemotaxis of cells and tissue organization. Since under homeostatic conditions, CCR7 promotes migration of immune cells to lymph nodes, questions immediately arose regarding the ability of CCR7 to direct migration of cancer cells to lymph nodes. The literature since 2000 was examined to determine to what extent the expression of CCR7 in malignant tumors promoted migration to the lymph nodes. The data indicated that in different cancers, CCR7 plays distinct roles in directing cells to lymph nodes, the skin or to the central nervous system. In certain tumors, it may even serve a protective role. Future studies should focus on defining mechanisms that differentially regulate the unfavorable or beneficial role that CCR7 plays in cancer pathophysiology, to be able to improve outcomes in patients who harbor CCR7-positive cancers.
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15
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Alimohammadi M, Rahimi A, Faramarzi F, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Rafiei A. Overexpression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 predicts lymph node metastatic risk in patients with melanoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cytokine 2021; 148:155691. [PMID: 34464923 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CXCR4 is a member of CXC-type and G protein-coupled receptors that can conduce many biological processes, including hemostasis, migration, and adhesion of different types of immune cells. Also, the contribution of CXCR4 in metastasis cascade and development of various malignancies has been addressed in previous reports. This meta-analysis was performed to explore whether the CXCR4 expression affects prognosis and clinicopathologic features in melanoma cancer. Our study involved 656 melanoma patients from 13 reports by detailed literature search from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to April 2021. To evaluate the association between CXCR4 expression and clinicopathological features of melanoma, we calculated odds ratios (ORs) with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We indicated that the CXCR4 overexpression was obviously correlated with ulceration (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.74; I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.999), tumor thickness (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.74; I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.999) and lymph node metastasis (OR = 8.54, 95% CI: 1.04 to 16.04; I2 = 98.9, P < 0.0001). In conclusion, our results reveal that CXCR4 is involved in enhancing the progression and metastasis of melanoma, and further clinical studies are necessary to investigate the role of CXCR4 as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker through the progress of melanoma cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Alimohammadi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Rahimi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Faramarzi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Alizadeh-Navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Alireza Rafiei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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16
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Maderer A, Fiteni F, Tanis E, Mauer M, Schmitt T, Aust DE, Lutz MP, Roelofson F, Gog C, Weinmann A, Koehne CH, Moehler M, Thomaidis T. CXCR4 and hif-1α as prognostic molecular markers for stage 3 colon cancer patients: post hoc analysis of the randomized, multicenter phase 3 PETACC-2 trial dataset. Acta Oncol 2021; 60:1543-1547. [PMID: 34355650 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2021.1959057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annett Maderer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederic Fiteni
- Fellowship Programme Unit, EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Erik Tanis
- Fellowship Programme Unit, EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Murielle Mauer
- Statistics Department, EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniela E. Aust
- Molekulare/Prädiktive Diagnostik, Koordination UCC Tumor- und Normalgewebebank Institut für Pathologie, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Christiane Gog
- Klinikum der JW Goethe, Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Arndt Weinmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claus H. Koehne
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Klinikum Oldenburg, European Medical School Oldenburg/Groningen, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Markus Moehler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Thomaidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Second Department of Gastroenterology, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece
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17
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Overexpressed CXCR4 and CCR7 on the surface of NK92 cell have improved migration and anti-tumor activity in human colon tumor model. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 31:333-344. [PMID: 31815761 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Successive infusion of natural killer cells is increasingly being explored as a treatment for cancer patients. The inadequate homing of natural killer cells into the tumor site resulted in the poor efficacy of natural killer cells on solid tumors. For the adoptive transfer of tumor-directed natural killer cell has been proved effective, it is hypothesized that there must be more association between the tumor-produced chemokines and the natural killer cells-expressed chemokine receptors. Increased CXCL12 and CCL21 could ameliorated colorectal cancer via generating an anti-tumor environment by preferentially attracting natural killer cells which expressed the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and CCR7. This study demonstrated that overexpressed CXCR4 and CCR7 on the surface of NK92 cell enhanced their migration to human colon cells. Moreover, the administration of such natural killer cells resulted in tumor shrinkage and a significantly increased survival of experimental mice when compared to ones undergoing the treatment of xenografts with natural killer cells expressing only the mock control. These suggested that chemokine receptor engineered natural killer cells could be a promising tool to improve adoptive tumor immunotherapy.
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18
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Feng W, Huang W, Chen J, Qiao C, Liu D, Ji X, Xie M, Zhang T, Wang Y, Sun M, Tian D, Fan D, Nie Y, Wu K, Xia L. CXCL12-mediated HOXB5 overexpression facilitates Colorectal Cancer metastasis through transactivating CXCR4 and ITGB3. Theranostics 2021; 11:2612-2633. [PMID: 33456563 PMCID: PMC7806482 DOI: 10.7150/thno.52199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastasis is the major reason for the high mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the molecular mechanism underlying CRC metastasis remains unclear. Here, we report a novel role of homeobox B5 (HOXB5), a member of the HOX family, in promoting CRC metastasis. Method: The expression of HOXB5 and its target genes were examined by immunohistochemistry in human CRC. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were performed to measure the transcriptional regulation of target genes by HOXB5. The metastatic capacities of CRC cells were evaluated by in vivo lung and liver metastatic models. Results: The elevated expression of HOXB5 was positively correlated with distant metastasis, higher AJCC stage, and poor prognosis in CRC patients. HOXB5 expression was an independent and significant risk factor for the recurrence and survival in CRC patients. Overexpression of HOXB5 promoted CRC metastasis by transactivating metastatic related genes, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and integrin subunit beta 3 (ITGB3). C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), which is the ligand of CXCR4, upregulated HOXB5 expression through the extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK)/ETS proto-oncogene 1, transcription factor (ETS1) pathway. The knockdown of HOXB5 decreased CXCL12-enhanced CRC metastasis. Furthermore, AMD3100, a specific CXCR4 inhibitor, significantly suppressed HOXB5-mediated CRC metastasis. HOXB5 expression was positively correlated with CXCR4 and ITGB3 expression in human CRC tissues, and patients with positive co-expression of HOXB5/CXCR4, or HOXB5/ITGB3 exhibited the worst prognosis. Conclusion: Our study implicates HOXB5 as a prognostic biomarker in CRC, and defines a CXCL12-HOXB5-CXCR4 positive feedback loop that plays an important role in promoting CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Feng
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Hepatic Surgery of Hubei Province; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chenyang Qiao
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Danfei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Meng Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tongyue Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mengyu Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dean Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Limin Xia
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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19
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Salem A, Alotaibi M, Mroueh R, Basheer HA, Afarinkia K. CCR7 as a therapeutic target in Cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188499. [PMID: 33385485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The CCR7 chemokine axis is comprised of chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21) and chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19) acting on chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7). This axis plays two important but apparently opposing roles in cancer. On the one hand, this axis is significantly engaged in the trafficking of a number of effecter cells involved in mounting an immune response to a growing tumour. This suggests therapeutic strategies which involve potentiation of this axis can be used to combat the spread of cancer. On the other hand, the CCR7 axis plays a significant role in controlling the migration of tumour cells towards the lymphatic system and metastasis and can thus contribute to the expansion of cancer. This implies that therapeutic strategies which involve decreasing signaling through the CCR7 axis would have a beneficial effect in preventing dissemination of cancer. This dichotomy has partly been the reason why this axis has not yet been exploited, as other chemokine axes have, as a therapeutic target in cancer. Recent report of a crystal structure for CCR7 provides opportunities to exploit this axis in developing new cancer therapies. However, it remains unclear which of these two strategies, potentiation or antagonism of the CCR7 axis, is more appropriate for cancer therapy. This review brings together the evidence supporting both roles of the CCR7 axis in cancer and examines the future potential of each of the two different therapeutic approaches involving the CCR7 axis in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Salem
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford; Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Mashael Alotaibi
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford; Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Rima Mroueh
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford; Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Haneen A Basheer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, PO Box 132222, Zarqa 13132, Jordan
| | - Kamyar Afarinkia
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford; Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom.
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20
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Singh A, Srivastava N, Yadav A, Ateeq B. Targeting AGTR1/NF-κB/CXCR4 axis by miR-155 attenuates oncogenesis in glioblastoma. Neoplasia 2020; 22:497-510. [PMID: 32896760 PMCID: PMC7481885 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most aggressive malignancy of the central nervous system. Increased expression of Angiotensin II Receptor Type 1 (AGTR1) has been associated with proliferative and infiltrative properties of glioma cells. However, the underlying mechanism of AGTR1 upregulation in GBM is still unexplored. To understand the post-transcriptional regulation of AGTR1 in GBM, we screened 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of AGTR1 for putative miRNA binding by using prediction algorithms. Interestingly, miR-155 showed conserved binding on the 3'UTR of AGTR1, subsequently confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, miR-155 overexpressing GBM cells show decrease in AGTR1 expression accompanied with reduced cell proliferation, invasion, foci formation and anchorage-independent growth. Strikingly, immunodeficient mice implanted with stable miR-155 overexpressing SNB19 cells show negligible tumor growth. Notably, miR-155 attenuates NF-κB signaling downstream of AGTR1 leading to reduced CXCR4 as well as AGTR1 levels. Mechanistically, miR-155 mitigates AGTR1-mediated angiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, stemness, and MAPK signaling. Similar effects were observed by using pharmacological inhibitor of IκB Kinase (IKK) complex in multiple cell-based assays. Taken together, we established that miRNA-155 post-transcriptionally regulates AGTR1 expression, abrogates AGTR1/NF-κB/CXCR4 signaling axis and elicits pleiotropic anticancer effects in GBM. This study opens new avenues for using IKK inhibitors and miRNA-155 replacement therapies for the treatment of AGTR1-positive malignancies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Brain Neoplasms/genetics
- Brain Neoplasms/metabolism
- Brain Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glioblastoma/genetics
- Glioblastoma/metabolism
- Glioblastoma/pathology
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Anukriti Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, U.P., India; Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nidhi Srivastava
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anjali Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, U.P., India
| | - Bushra Ateeq
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, U.P., India; Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, U.P., India.
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21
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Rizeq B, Malki MI. The Role of CCL21/CCR7 Chemokine Axis in Breast Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1036. [PMID: 32340161 PMCID: PMC7226115 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12041036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, predominantly caused by metastasis. It is generally accepted that the pattern of breast cancer metastasis is largely determined by the interaction between the chemokine receptors on cancer cells and the chemokines expressed at the sites of metastatic disease. Chemokine receptors belong to the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) family that appear to be implicated in inflammatory diseases, tumor growth and metastasis. One of its members, C-C Chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), binds chemokines CCL19 and CCL21, which are important for tissue homeostasis, immune surveillance and tumorigenesis. These receptors have been shown to induce the pathobiology of breast cancer due to their ability to induce cellular proliferation and migration upon the binding of the cognate chemokine receptors. The underlying signaling pathways and exact cellular interactions within this biological system are not fully understood and need further insights. Thus, in this review, we summarize the essential roles of CCR7 and its receptors in breast cancer progression. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanisms of regulation that may lead to novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Despite the enormous advances in our knowledge of the nature of the chemokines in breast cancer metastasis, research about the involvement of CCR7 in cancer progression is still limited. Therefore, further studies are essential to illustrate the distinct roles of CCR7 in cancer progression and validate its potential as a preventive bio-factor for human breast cancer metastasis by targeting chemokine receptor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Imad Malki
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box. 2713, Doha, Qatar;
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22
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Tan HX, Gong WZ, Zhou K, Xiao ZG, Hou FT, Huang T, Zhang L, Dong HY, Zhang WL, Liu Y, Huang ZC. CXCR4/TGF-β1 mediated hepatic stellate cells differentiation into carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and promoted liver metastasis of colon cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 21:258-268. [PMID: 31825725 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1685157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver metastasis of colon cancer is strongly affected by the tumor microenvironment (TME), with interactions between tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in particular. TGF-β is well known for its ability to mediate the CAF phenotype, and CXCR4 expression is closely correlated to poor prognosis in CRC. The relationship between these two signaling pathways remains to be delineated in liver metastasis of colon cancer.Methods: Immunohistochemistry was employed to investigate CXCR4 expression in 45 human specimens of primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and liver metastasis. The functions of SDF-1 released by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) on CXCR4 and TGF-β1 in CRC cells were investigated in vitro. The effects of CRC on HSCs differentiation into CAFs were confirmed using co-culture technology and expression analysis of CAFs markers by qPCR, western blot and immunofluorescence. The involvement of CXCR4 and TGF-β1 was verified with addition of CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 and TGF-β1 inhibitor cyclophosphamide (Cy) both in vitro and in vivo.Results: There were more CXCR4-positive cells at the liver metastatic tissues compared to the primary sites. CRC cells activated and transformed HSCs to CAFs after co-cultivating with HSCs. Activated HSCs stimulated TGF-β1 secretion from CRC cells after co-culture with CRC cells in vitro. Moreover, the expression of CAFs markers was increasing in the activated HSCs. In a mouse hepatic metastasis model, treated with AMD3100 or Cy blocked the metastatic potential of HCT116 cells and the hepatic CAFs differentiation.Conclusions: These results indicated that CXCR4/TGF-β1 axis plays an important role in CRC liver metastasis through mediating HSCs differentiation into CAFs, providing preclinical evidences that blockade of the axis might be beneficial for anti-metastasis therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Xiang Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, P.R.China
| | - Wei-Zhi Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China
| | - Zhi-Gang Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China
| | - Fu-Tao Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China
| | - Hong-Yu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China
| | - Wei-Lin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R.China
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23
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Tan HX, Xiao ZG, Huang T, Fang ZX, Liu Y, Huang ZC. CXCR4/TGF-β1 mediated self-differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells to carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and promoted colorectal carcinoma development. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 21:248-257. [PMID: 31818187 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1685156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a crucial part of tumor hallmarks. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), important components of TME, are the main source of Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), but the mechanism of transformation regulation is still unclear. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), chemokine Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its endogenous receptor CXCR4 may play important roles during this process.Methods: Co-culture technique was used to explore the effects of MSCs on the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells and how they induced MSCs to differentiate into CAFs. The expression of α-SMA, Vimentin, S100A4 and FAP were detected as CAFs markers. Inhibitors AMD3100 and cyclophosphamide (Cy) were pre-treated in MSCs to verify the functions of CXCR4/TGF-β1. Finally, the xenograft models in nude mice were generated to further verify this process in vivo.Results: MSCs promoted the CRCs proliferation, invasion and migration, and induced SDF-1 expression and secretion, which dramatically up-regulated CXCR4 and TGF-β1 expression in MSCs. The levels of CAFs markers elevated in MSCs, indicating CAFs differentiation occurred in MSCs. AMD3100 and Cy treatment significantly blocked this differentiation process of MSCs by suppressing CXCR4 expression and TGF-β1 secretion. In vivo xenograft experiments also demonstrated that MSCs promoted differentiation into CAFs through CXCR4/TGF-β1 signaling in either primary tumor tissues or hepatic metastatic tissues of CRC.Conclusion: Our studies have revealed the essential role of CXCR4/TGF-β1 axis playing in the transformation of tumor microenvironment by mediating MSCs differentiation into CAFs, promoting CRCs growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Xiang Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Province People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Province People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Province People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xue Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Province People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Province People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Province People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R. China
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24
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Visioli A, Giani F, Trivieri N, Pracella R, Miccinilli E, Cariglia MG, Palumbo O, Arleo A, Dezi F, Copetti M, Cajola L, Restelli S, Papa V, Sciuto A, Latiano TP, Carella M, Amadori D, Gallerani G, Ricci R, Alfieri S, Pesole G, Vescovi AL, Binda E. Stemness underpinning all steps of human colorectal cancer defines the core of effective therapeutic strategies. EBioMedicine 2019; 44:346-360. [PMID: 31056474 PMCID: PMC6603803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite their lethality and ensuing clinical and therapeutic relevance, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remain elusive, poorly characterized biological entities. METHODS AND FINDINGS We perfected a cell system of stable, primary lines from human CRC showing that they possess the full complement of ex- and in-vivo, in xenogeneic models, characteristics of CRC stem cells (CCSCs). Here we show how tumor-initiating, CCSCs cells can establish faithful orthotopic phenocopies of the original disease, which contain cells that spread into the circulatory system. While in the vascular bed, these cells retain stemness, thus qualifying as circulating CCSCs (cCCSCs). This is followed by the establishment of lesions in distant organs, which also contain resident metastatic CCSCs (mCCSCs). INTERPRETATION Our results support the concept that throughout all the stages of CRC, stemness is retained as a continuous property by some of their tumor cells. Importantly, we describe a useful standardized model that can enable isolation and stable perpetuation of human CRC's CCSCs, cCCSCs and mCCSCs, providing a useful platform for studies of CRC initiation and progression that is suitable for the discovery of reliable stage-specific biomarkers and the refinement of new patient-tailored therapies. FUND: This work was financially supported by grants from "Ministero della Salute Italiano"(GR-2011-02351534, RC1703IC36 and RC1803IC35) to Elena Binda and from "Associazione Italiana Cancro" (IG-14368) Angelo L. Vescovi. None of the above funders have any role in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, writing the project.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nadia Trivieri
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, Foggia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pracella
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, Foggia, Italy
| | - Elide Miccinilli
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cariglia
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, Foggia, Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Medical Genetics Unit, Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Arleo
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, Foggia, Italy
| | - Fabio Dezi
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Biostatistic Unit, Foggia, Italy
| | | | | | - Valerio Papa
- Digestive Surgery Unit, IRCCS "A. Gemelli", Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Sciuto
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Abdominal Surgery Unit, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Carella
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Medical Genetics Unit, Foggia, Italy
| | - Dino Amadori
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS Meldola, Italy
| | - Giulia Gallerani
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS Meldola, Biosciences Laboratory, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ricci
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS "A. Gemelli", Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Alfieri
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS "A. Gemelli", Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Graziano Pesole
- Istituto di Biomembrane, Bioenergetica e Biotecnologie Molecolari del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy; Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica dell'Università di Bari "A. Moro". Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo L Vescovi
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, Foggia, Italy; Hyperstem SA, Lugano, Switzerland.
| | - Elena Binda
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, Foggia, Italy.
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25
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Céspedes MV, Unzueta U, Aviñó A, Gallardo A, Álamo P, Sala R, Sánchez-Chardi A, Casanova I, Mangues MA, Lopez-Pousa A, Eritja R, Villaverde A, Vázquez E, Mangues R. Selective depletion of metastatic stem cells as therapy for human colorectal cancer. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201708772. [PMID: 30190334 PMCID: PMC6180303 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective elimination of metastatic stem cells (MetSCs) promises to block metastatic dissemination. Colorectal cancer (CRC) cells overexpressing CXCR4 display trafficking functions and metastasis‐initiating capacity. We assessed the antimetastatic activity of a nanoconjugate (T22‐GFP‐H6‐FdU) that selectively delivers Floxuridine to CXCR4+ cells. In contrast to free oligo‐FdU, intravenous T22‐GFP‐H6‐FdU selectively accumulates and internalizes in CXCR4+ cancer cells, triggering DNA damage and apoptosis, which leads to their selective elimination and to reduced tumor re‐initiation capacity. Repeated T22‐GFP‐H6‐FdU administration in cell line and patient‐derived CRC models blocks intravasation and completely prevents metastases development in 38–83% of mice, while showing CXCR4 expression‐dependent and site‐dependent reduction in foci number and size in liver, peritoneal, or lung metastases in the rest of mice, compared to free oligo‐FdU. T22‐GFP‐H6‐FdU induces also higher regression of established metastases than free oligo‐FdU, with negligible distribution or toxicity in normal tissues. This targeted drug delivery approach yields potent antimetastatic effect, through selective depletion of metastatic CXCR4+ cancer cells, and validates metastatic stem cells (MetSCs) as targets for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Virtudes Céspedes
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Hospital de Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Hospital de Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Aviñó
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Álamo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Hospital de Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rita Sala
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Hospital de Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Isolda Casanova
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Hospital de Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Antònia Mangues
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Hospital de Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pharmacy, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Lopez-Pousa
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Eritja
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain .,Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Vázquez
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Mangues
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, Hospital de Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain .,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Zu G, Luo B, Yang Y, Tan Y, Tang T, Zhang Y, Chen X, Sun D. Meta-analysis of the prognostic value of C-C chemokine receptor type 7 in patients with solid tumors. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:1881-1892. [PMID: 30881115 PMCID: PMC6396671 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s190510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Expression of C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7) is associated with the prognosis of several cancers. The aim of this study was to conduct the meta-analysis to determine the prognostic value of CCR7 expression in solid tumors. Materials and methods We searched for relevant literature in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases (last updated on January 15, 2018). The associations of CCR7 expression with overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), progress-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) were estimated. Results In total, 30 qualified studies including 3,413 patients were enrolled. The results revealed that higher expression of CCR7 predicted poorer OS (pooled HR =1.79; 95% CI =1.49–2.16; P<0.001) and PFS (pooled HR =2.18; 95% CI =1.49–3.18; P<0.001), but was not associated with DFS (pooled HR =1.69; 95% CI =0.79–3.61; P=0.175), RFS (pooled HR =1.29; 95% CI =0.48–3.44; P=0.618), or DSS (pooled HR =3.06; 95% CI =0.38–24.83; P<0.294). Conclusion From this meta-analysis, we concluded that high expression of CCR7 in tumor tissue is associated with poor survival in patients with solid tumors, and may be a prognostic biomarker for tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchen Zu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Baoyang Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Yuwei Tan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Tianyu Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xuemin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Donglin Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, People's Republic of China, ;
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27
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Lee IC, Wu YC, Hung WS. Hyaluronic Acid-Based Multilayer Films Regulate Hypoxic Multicellular Aggregation of Pancreatic Cancer Cells with Distinct Cancer Stem-Cell-like Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:38769-38779. [PMID: 30395429 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In vitro spherical cancer models have been widely used in cancer stem cell (CSC) research, and the ability of CSCs to form multicellular colonies is recognized as a morphological marker. However, although several spherical/colony models share a common three-dimensional (3D) conformation, each model displays its own intrinsic properties. Thus, the CSC phenotypes with distinct multicellular aggregate morphologies must be defined and clarified. Here, a novel 3D model was designed to regulate the type of pancreatic CSC colonies that form using niche mimetic hyaluronic acid (HA)-based multilayer nanofilms and hypoxia. The multicellular aggregate morphology, CSC phenotypes, CSC-related marker expression, cell cycle, invasion, and drug resistance were determined. On the basis of the results of a cell morphology analysis, colonies formed on multilayer nanofilms in response to both normoxia and hypoxia, but round and island-type colonies, were investigated. Immunostaining results revealed a significantly higher expression of stem cell markers, such as OCT4, CXCR4, and CD44v6, in colonies that formed on multilayer nanofilms. These colonies also expressed higher levels of E-cadherin, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, and vimentin, particularly the round-type colonies that formed on HA-based multilayer nanofilms, [poly(allylamine) (PAH)/HA]3, indicating that these colonies exhibit hybrid and metastable epithelial/mesenchymal phenotypes. Moreover, the cell cycle and invasion tests revealed that most of the cells in colonies growing on multilayer nanofilms showed a quiescent, slow cycling phenotype but displayed higher invasion after induction. Furthermore, a hypoxic environment strongly influences the drug resistance. This study describes a useful tool to investigate the diverse phenotypes of pancreatic CSC colonies and to study their regulatory factors that may benefit CSC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chi Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering , Chang-Gung University , Taoyuan 33302 , Taiwan
- Neurosurgery Department , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Linkou 33305 , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering , Chang-Gung University , Taoyuan 33302 , Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering , Chang-Gung University , Taoyuan 33302 , Taiwan
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28
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Kikuchi N, Ye J, Hirakawa J, Kawashima H. Forced Expression of CXCL10 Prevents Liver Metastasis of Colon Carcinoma Cells by the Recruitment of Natural Killer Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 42:57-65. [PMID: 30381616 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) is a CXC chemokine family protein that transmits signals by binding to its specific receptor, CXCR3. CXCL10 is also known as an interferon-γ-inducible chemokine involved in various biological phenomena, including chemotaxis of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, that suppress tumor growth and inhibition of angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the effects of forced expression of CXCL10 in a murine colon carcinoma cell line (CT26) on growth and metastasis in syngeneic mice. We first established CT26 cells that were stably expressing murine CXCL10 (CT26/CXCL10) and compared their growth with their parental CT26 cells in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro growth of the CT26/CXCL10 and CT26 cells was comparable, whereas the in vivo growth of the CT26/CXCL10 cells in the skin was strongly suppressed. Liver metastasis of the CT26/CXCL10 cells was also significantly suppressed after intra-splenic implantation. Removal of NK cells by the administration of anti-asialo GM1 antibody canceled the suppression of subcutaneous growth and liver metastasis of CT26/CXCL10 cells. Immunofluorescence clearly showed that abundant NKp46-positive NK cells were recruited into the liver metastatic lesions of the CT26/CXCL10 cells, consistent with specific NK cell migration towards the culture supernatant from the CT26/CXCL10 cells in the chemotaxis assay using transwells. These findings indicate that CXCL10 prevents in vivo growth and metastasis of colon carcinoma cells by recruiting NK cells, suggesting that forced expression of CXCL10 in the colon tumors by gene delivery should lead to a favorable clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihito Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Jiabin Ye
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Jotaro Hirakawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
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29
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Xu G, Zhou Y, Zhou F. Development and validation of an immunity-related classifier of nine chemokines for predicting recurrence in stage I-III patients with colorectal cancer after operation. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:4051-4064. [PMID: 30323661 PMCID: PMC6173492 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s174452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chemokines are closely related with tumor immunity, progression, and metastasis. We aimed to construct a multi-RNA classifier of chemokine family genes for predicting tumor recurrence in stage I-III patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) after operation. Patients and methods By analyzing microarray data, the Cox regression analysis was conducted to determine survival-related chemokine family genes and develop a multi-RNA classifier in the training set. The prognostic value of this multi-RNA classifier was further validated in the internal validation and external independent sets. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to compare the prediction ability of the combined model of this multi-RNA classifier and stage, and this multi-RNA classifier and stage alone. Results Nine survival-related chemokines were identified in the training set. We identified a nine-chemokine classifier and classified the patients as high-risk or low-risk. Compared with CRC patients with high-risk scores, CRC patients with low-risk scores had longer disease-free survival in the training (HR=2.353, 95% CI=1.480-3.742, P<0.001), internal validation (HR=2.389, 95% CI=1.428-3.996, P<0.001), and external independent (HR=3.244, 95% CI=1.813-5.807, P<0.001) sets. This nine-chemokine classifier was an independent prognostic factor in these datasets (P<0.05). The combined model of this nine-chemokine classifier and tumor stage may tend to have higher accuracy than stage alone in the training (area under curve 0.727 vs 0.626, P<0.01), internal validation (0.668 vs 0.584, P=0.03), and external independent (0.704 vs 0.678, P>0.05) sets. This nine-chemokine classifier may only be applied in Marisa's C2, C5, and C6 subtypes patients. Conclusion Our nine-chemokine classifier is a reliable prognostic tool for some specific biological subtypes of CRC patients. It might contribute to guide the personalized treatment for high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozeng Xu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China,
| | - Yuehan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China,
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30
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CXCR3 expression in colorectal cancer cells enhanced invasion through preventing CXCR4 internalization. Exp Cell Res 2018; 371:162-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Yang L, Chang Y, Cao P. CCR7 preservation via histone deacetylase inhibition promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Exp Cell Res 2018; 371:231-237. [PMID: 30107147 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) differs in various types of cancers. However, its function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not well-explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of HDAC inhibition on EMT in HCC cells by using trichostatin A (TSA) and valproic acid (VPA). The results showed that TSA/VPA significantly induced EMT phenotype, as demonstrated by the decreased level of E-cadherin, increased level of N-cadherin, vimentin, Twist and snail, and enhanced capacity of cell migration and invasion. In addition, CCR7 was speculated and confirmed as a function target of HDAC inhibition. CCR7 promotes the progression of HCC and is associated with poor survival. Knockdown of CCR7 significantly attenuated the effect of TSA on EMT. Moreover, our results demonstrated that HDAC inhibition up-regulates CCR7 via reversing the promoter hypoacetylation and increasing CCR7 transcription. Taken together, our study has identified the function of HDAC in EMT of HCC and suggested a novel mechanism through which TSA/VPA exerts its carcinogenic roles in HCC. HDAC inhibitors require careful caution before their application as new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baoji Central hospital, Baoji 721008, China
| | - Yanxiang Chang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Peilong Cao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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32
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Zhao W, Erle DJ. Widespread Effects of Chemokine 3' Untranslated Regions on mRNA Degradation and Protein Production in Human Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:1053-1061. [PMID: 29907706 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines are a large family of chemotactic cytokines that play critical roles in inflammation, development, and diseases. Chemokine expression is highly regulated during development and in response to environmental stimuli. The 3' untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of mRNA are believed to be important in the control of chemokine gene expression. However, the regulatory effects of most chemokine 3'-UTRs have not been characterized previously. In this work, we systematically studied the effects of 43 CC and CXC chemokine 3'-UTRs on gene expression in eight human cell lines and two types of human primary cells. We found that chemokine 3'-UTRs had a wide spectrum of regulatory effects on mRNA abundance and protein production that were tightly correlated with the effects on mRNA stability. In general, 3'-UTRs had remarkably similar effects across all cell types studied. The presence of AU-rich elements, microRNA targets, and Pumilio binding sites were associated with chemokine 3'-UTR activity but did not fully account for all 3'-UTR activity detected using the reporter assay. Mutational analysis illustrated how specific cis-regulatory elements contributed to the regulatory effect of chemokine 3'-UTRs. These findings bring new insights into the mechanisms by which chemokine expression is regulated by 3'-UTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Zhao
- Lung Biology Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158; and .,School of Basic Medicine (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - David J Erle
- Lung Biology Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158; and
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Immuno-therapeutic potential of Schistosoma mansoni and Trichinella spiralis antigens in a murine model of colon cancer. Invest New Drugs 2018; 37:47-56. [PMID: 29808307 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0609-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Considerable evidence indicates a negative correlation between the prevalence of some parasitic infections and cancer and their interference with tumor growth. Therefore, parasitic antigens seem to be promising candidates for cancer immunotherapy. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy of autoclaved Schistosoma mansoni and Trichinella spiralis antigens against a colon cancer murine model was investigated. Both antigens showed immunomodulatory potential, as evidenced by a significant decrease in serum IL-17, a significant increase in serum IL-10, and the percentage of splenic CD4+T-cells and intestinal FoxP3+ Treg cells. However, treatment with S. mansoni antigen yielded protection against the deleterious effect of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis only, with a significant decrease in the average lesion size and number of neoplasias per mouse. For the first time, we report an inhibitory effect of S. mansoni antigen on the progression of chemically induced colon carcinogenesis, but the exact mechanism has yet to be clarified. This anti-tumor strategy could introduce a new era of medicine in which a generation of anticancer vaccines of parasitic origin would boost the therapy for incurable cancers.
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Chen CH, Hsieh MC, Hsiao PK, Lin EK, Lu YJ, Wu SY. Tumor location is an independent predictive factor for distant metastasis and metastatic sites of rectal adenocarcinoma in patients receiving total mesorectal excision. J Cancer 2018; 9:950-958. [PMID: 29581774 PMCID: PMC5868162 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: To evaluate the predictive factor for and patterns of distant metastasis in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma receiving total mesorectal excision (TME). Methods: We enrolled 217 consecutive patients who had histologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma and underwent surgery at Taipei Medical University- Wanfang Hospital between January 2000 and December 2014. TME was performed in all patients undergoing a sphincter-sparing procedure or abdominal perineal resection of rectal cancer. We performed univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of the distant metastasis rate in all patients to evaluate predictive factors. Overall survival (OS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. Results: A multivariate Cox regression analysis of the distant metastasis rate in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma identified tumor locations and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages as prognostic risk factors. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of distant metastasis for the upper-third, middle-third, and AJCC stage I-II cancers were 0.08 (95% CI, 0.01-0.69; p = 0.021), 0.41 (95% CI, 0.15-0.99; p = 0.047), and 0.20 (95% CI, 0.10-0.66; p = 0.008), respectively. The 5-year lung metastasis rates among patients with upper-, middle-, and lower-third rectal cancers were 0%, 3.37%, and 13.33%, respectively (log-rank, p = 0.001), and the 5-year liver metastasis rates among patients with upper-, middle-, and lower-third rectal cancers were 2.12%, 9.10%, and 11.76%, respectively (log-rank, p = 0.096). The 5-year OS rates also differed with different rectal adenocarcinoma locations. The 5-year OS rates for upper, middle, and lower rectal cancers were 96%, 86%, and 64%, respectively (log-rank, p < 0.001). Conclusion: A poor OS rate and high lung or liver metastasis rate were observed in distal rectal adenocarcinoma. Longer intensive surveillance of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis after TME in distal rectal adenocarcinoma could be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsin Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Chih Hsieh
- Department of General Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Kun Hsiao
- Department of General Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Kwang Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Jung Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, NationalTaiwanUniversity, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
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35
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Tejchman A, Lamerant-Fayel N, Jacquinet JC, Bielawska-Pohl A, Mleczko-Sanecka K, Grillon C, Chouaib S, Ugorski M, Kieda C. Tumor hypoxia modulates podoplanin/CCL21 interactions in CCR7+ NK cell recruitment and CCR7+ tumor cell mobilization. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31876-31887. [PMID: 28416768 PMCID: PMC5458255 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN), an O-glycosylated, transmembrane, mucin-type glycoprotein, is expressed by cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs). In malignant transformation, PDPN is subjected to changes and its role is yet to be established. Here we show that it is involved in modulating the activity of the CCL21/CCR7 chemokine/receptor axis in a hypoxia-dependent manner. In the present model, breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and NKL3 cells express the surface CCR7 receptor for CCL21 chemokine which is a potent chemoattractant able to bind to PDPN. The impact of the CCL21/CCR7 axis in the molecular mechanism of the adhesion of NKL3 cells and of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was reduced in a hypoxic tumor environment. In addition to its known effect on migration, CCL21/CCR7 interaction was shown to allow NK cell adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs) and its reduction by hypoxia. A PDPN expressing model of CAFs made it possible to demonstrate the same CCL21/CCR7 axis involvement in the tumor cells to CAFs recognition mechanism through PDPN binding of CCL21. PDPN was induced by hypoxia and its overexpression undergoes a reduction of adhesion, making it an anti-adhesion molecule in the absence of CCL21, in the tumor. CCL21/CCR7 modulated NK cells/ECs and MDA-MB-231 cells/CAF PDPN-dependent interactions were further shown to be linked to hypoxia-dependent microRNAs as miRs: miR-210 and specifically miR-21, miR-29b which influence PDPN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tejchman
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, UPR 4301 CNRS affiliated to Orléans University and INSERM, Orléans, France.,Laboratory of Glycobiology and Intercellular Interactions, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, PAN, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Nathalie Lamerant-Fayel
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, UPR 4301 CNRS affiliated to Orléans University and INSERM, Orléans, France
| | | | - Aleksandra Bielawska-Pohl
- Laboratory of Glycobiology and Intercellular Interactions, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, PAN, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Mleczko-Sanecka
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, UPR 4301 CNRS affiliated to Orléans University and INSERM, Orléans, France
| | - Catherine Grillon
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, UPR 4301 CNRS affiliated to Orléans University and INSERM, Orléans, France
| | - Salem Chouaib
- INSERM U1186, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Maciej Ugorski
- Laboratory of Glycobiology and Intercellular Interactions, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, PAN, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, UPR 4301 CNRS affiliated to Orléans University and INSERM, Orléans, France.,Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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36
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CXCR4 increases in-vivo glioma perivascular invasion, and reduces radiation induced apoptosis: A genetic knockdown study. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83701-83719. [PMID: 27863376 PMCID: PMC5341257 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive brain tumor. Perivascular invasion, autovascularization and vascular co-option occur throughout the disease and lead to tumor invasion and progression. The molecular basis for perivascular invasion, i.e., the interaction of glioma tumor cells with endothelial cells is not well characterized. Recent studies indicate that glioma cells have increased expression of CXCR4. We investigated the in-vivo role of CXCR4 in perivascular invasion of glioma cells using shRNA-mediated knock down of CXCR4. We show that primary cultures of human glioma stem cells HF2303 and mouse glioma GL26-Cit cells exhibit significant migration towards human (HBMVE) and mouse (MBVE) brain microvascular endothelial cells. Blocking CXCR4 on tumor cells with AMD3100 in-vitro, inhibits migration of GL26-Cit and HF2303 toward MBVE and HBMVE cells. Additionally, genetic down regulation of CXCR4 in mouse glioma GL26-Cit cells inhibits their in-vitro migration towards MBVE cells; in an in-vivo intracranial mouse model, these cells display reduced tumor growth and perivascular invasion, leading to increased survival. Quantitative analysis of brain sections showed that CXCR4 knockdown tumors are less invasive. Lastly, we tested the effects of radiation on CXCR4 knock down GL26-Cit cells in an orthotopic brain tumor model. Radiation treatment increased apoptosis of CXCR4 downregulated tumor cells and prolonged median survival. In summary, our data suggest that CXCR4 signaling is critical for perivascular invasion of GBM cells and targeting this receptor makes tumors less invasive and more sensitive to radiation therapy. Combination of CXCR4 knock down and radiation treatment might improve the efficacy of GBM therapy.
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37
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Goodwin TJ, Zhou Y, Musetti SN, Liu R, Huang L. Local and transient gene expression primes the liver to resist cancer metastasis. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:364ra153. [PMID: 27831902 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aag2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The liver is the primary site of metastasis for gastrointestinal cancers and is a location highly susceptible to the establishment of metastasis in numerous other primary cancers, including breast, lung, and pancreatic cancers. The current standard of care typically consists of primary tumor resection and systemic administration of potent but toxic chemotherapeutics, yielding a minimal improvement in the median survival rate. CXCL12, a chemokine, is a key factor for activating the migration/survival pathways of CXCR4+ cancer cells and for recruiting immunosuppressive cells to areas of inflammation. Therefore, reducing CXCL12 concentrations within the liver has the potential to decrease tumor and immunosuppressive cell activation/migration within the liver. However, because of off-target toxicities associated with systemic administration of anti-CXCL12 therapies, transient and liver-specific expression of a CXCL12 trap is necessary. To address this challenge, we developed a lipid calcium phosphate nanoparticle optimized for delivering plasmid DNA, encoding an engineered CXCL12 protein trap, to the nucleus of liver hepatocytes. This pCXCL12-trap formulation yielded transient (4 days) liver-specific expression, which greatly decreased the occurrence of liver metastasis in two aggressive liver metastasis models, including colorectal [CT-26(FL3)] and breast (4T1) cancers. Subsequent studies in an aggressive human colorectal liver metastasis model (HT-29) decreased the establishment of liver metastasis more effectively than did systemic administration of the CXCL12 protein trap and to a level comparable to a high-dose regimen of a potent CXCR4 antagonist (AMD3100).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Goodwin
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yingqiu Zhou
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sara N Musetti
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rihe Liu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. .,Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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38
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Phattarataratip E, Dhanuthai K. Expression of C-X-C motif chemokine receptors 4 and 7 in salivary gland neoplasms. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 83:136-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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39
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Weixler B, Renetseder F, Facile I, Tosti N, Cremonesi E, Tampakis A, Delko T, Eppenberger-Castori S, Tzankov A, Iezzi G, Kettelhack C, Soysal SD, von Holzen U, Spagnoli GC, Terracciano L, Tornillo L, Droeser RA, Däster S. Phosphorylated CXCR4 expression has a positive prognostic impact in colorectal cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 40:609-619. [PMID: 28936810 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CXCL12-CXCR4 chemokine axis plays an important role in cell trafficking as well as in tumor progression. In colorectal cancer (CRC), the chemokine receptor CXCR4 has been shown to be an unfavorable prognostic factor in some studies, however, the role of its activated (phosphorylated) form, pCXCR4, has not yet been evaluated. Here, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of CXCR4 and pCXCR4 in a large cohort of CRC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A tissue microarray (TMA) of 684 patient specimens of primary CRCs was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the expression of CXCR4 and pCXCR4 by tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs). RESULTS The combined high expression of CXCR4 and pCXCR4 showed a favorable 5-year overall survival rate (68%; 95%CI = 59-76%) compared to tumors showing a high expression of CXCR4 only (48%; 95%CI = 41-54%). High expression of pCXCR4 was significantly associated with a favorable prognosis in a test and validation group (p = 0.015 and p = 0.0001). Moreover, we found that CRCs with a high density of pCXCR4+ tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) also showed a favorable prognosis in a test and validation group (p = 0.054 and p = 0.004). Univariate Cox regression analysis for TICs revealed that a high density of pCXCR4+ TICs was a favorable prognostic marker for overall survival (HR = 0.97,95%CI = 0.96-1.00; p = 0.01). In multivariate Cox regression survival analyses a high expression of pCXCR4 in tumor cells lost its association with a better overall survival (HR = 0.99; 95%CI = 0.99-1.00, p = 0.098). CONCLUSION Our results show that high densities of CXCR4 and pCXCR4 positive TICs are favorable prognostic factors in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Weixler
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - F Renetseder
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - I Facile
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - N Tosti
- Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Cremonesi
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Tampakis
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - T Delko
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - A Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - G Iezzi
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - C Kettelhack
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S D Soysal
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - U von Holzen
- Goshen Center for Cancer Care, Indiana University School of Medicine South Bend, Goshen, IN, USA.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - G C Spagnoli
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Terracciano
- Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Tornillo
- Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raoul A Droeser
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - S Däster
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Qiao L, Zheng J, Jin X, Wei G, Wang G, Sun X, Li X. Ginkgolic acid inhibits the invasiveness of colon cancer cells through AMPK activation. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5831-5838. [PMID: 29113214 PMCID: PMC5661430 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell invasion and metastasis are important processes in colorectal cancer that exert negative effects on patient outcomes; consequently, a prominent topic in the field of colorectal cancer study is the identification of safe and affordable anticancer drugs against cell invasion and metastasis, with limited side effects. Ginkgolic acid is a phenolic acid extracted from ginkgo fruit, ginkgo exotesta and ginkgo leaves. Previous studies have indicated that ginkgolic acid inhibits tumor growth and invasion in a number of types of cancer; however, limited studies have considered the effects of ginkgolic acid on colon cancer. In the present study, SW480 colon cancer cells were treated with a range of concentrations of ginkgolic acid; tetrazolium dye-based MTT, wound-scratch and transwell migration assays were performed to investigate the effects on the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells, and potential mechanisms for the effects were explored. The results indicated that ginkgolic acid reduced the proliferation and significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of SW480 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Additional experiments indicated that ginkgolic acid significantly decreased the expression of invasion-associated proteins, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, urinary-type plasminogen activator and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4, and activated adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) in SW480 cells. Small interfering RNA silencing of AMPK expression reversed the effect of ginkgolic acid on the expression of invasion-associated proteins. This result suggested that ginkgolic acid inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of SW480 colon cancer cells by inducing AMPK activation and inhibiting the expression of invasion-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Qiao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jianbao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xianzhen Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Guangbing Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xuqi Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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41
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The role of vitamin D in hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 20:259-273. [PMID: 28801869 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1735-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant health burden worldwide, comprising approximately 10% of annual cancer cases globally. Hepatic metastases are the most common site of CRC metastasis, and are the leading cause of death in CRC patients. There is strong epidemiologic evidence for an inverse association between vitamin D status and risk of CRC; however, the role of vitamin D in the natural history of liver metastases has not yet been investigated. Several researchers have proposed hallmarks of metastases; crucially, metastases can be blocked by interrupting just one rate-limiting step. Vitamin D status has been implicated in each proposed hallmark of metastasis. The aim of this review is to examine the potential role for vitamin D in reducing the development of hepatic metastases from CRC and outline the candidate mechanisms by which vitamin D may mediate these effects. The results of ongoing randomised intervention trials are eagerly awaited to determine whether addressing vitamin D insufficiency in CRC patients could reduce the occurrence of liver metastases, and the consequent morbidity and mortality.
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42
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Mirzaei A, Mohammadi S, Ghaffari SH, Nikbakht M, Bashash D, Alimoghaddam K, Ghavamzadeh A. Osteopontin b and c isoforms: Molecular Candidates Associated with Leukemic Stem Cell Chemoresistance in Acute Myeloid
Leukemia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1707-1715. [PMID: 28670893 PMCID: PMC6373801 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.6.1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite impressive advances in therapeutic approaches, long-term survival with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is
low as a result of treatment resistance and frequent relapse. Among multitude oncogenic proteins involved in acquisition
of a chemo-resistanr phenotype, osteopontin (OPN) recently has attracted marked attention. In spite of the well-defined
association between OPN expression and cure rate with solid tumors, there is a scarcity of information on any role of this
protein in AML cases. Based on the critical role of OPN in cell survival, it seems reasonable to hypothesize that isoform
expression levels may impact on regulation of apoptosis in AML cells in response to conventional chemotherapeutic
drugs and its relation to relapse. To investigate associations between induction of apoptosis and OPN isoform expression,
two distinct AML cell lines (KG-1 as a leukemic stem cell model and U937) were treated with chemotherapy drugs,
and cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT and Annexin/PI assay. After determination of appropriate drug
doses, mRNA expression levels of OPN isoforms and OPN-related genes were investigated. Our results demonstrated
for the first time that acquired up-regulation of OPN-b and c isoforms might prevent conventional chemotherapy
regimen-induced apoptosis in AML cells. Moreover, upregulation of OPN-b and c in AML cells appears concurrent
with upregulation of AKT/VEGF/CXCR4/STAT3/ IL-6 gene expression. To sum up, this study suggests that OPN-b
and c isoforms could be considered as unique beneficial molecular biomarkers associated with leukemic stem cell
chemoresistance. Hence, they have potential as molecular candidates for detection of minimal residual disease (MRD)
and determination of remission in AML patients. Further evaluation with quantative real time PCR on patient samples
for confirmation appears warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Mirzaei
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,
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43
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Li YP, Pang J, Gao S, Bai PY, Wang WD, Kong P, Cui Y. Role of CXCR4 and SDF1 as prognostic factors for survival and the association with clinicopathology in colorectal cancer: A systematic meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28621237 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317706206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-ping Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Pang
- Affiliated Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peng-yu Bai
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wen-da Wang
- Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Pengzhou Kong
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yongping Cui
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Al-Jokhadar M, Al-Mandily A, Zaid K, Azar Maalouf E. CCR7 and CXCR4 Expression in Primary Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Nodal Metastases – a Clinical and Immunohistochemical Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1093-1104. [PMID: 28547946 PMCID: PMC5494221 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.4.1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are common head and neck malignancies demonstrating lymph node LN involvement. Recently chemokine receptor overxpression has been reported in many cancers. Of particular interest, CCR7 appears to be a strong mediator of LN metastases, while CXCR4 may mediate distant metastases. Any relations between their expression in primary HNSCCs and metastatic lymph nodes need to be clarified. Aims: To investigate CCR7 andCXCR4 expression in primary HNSCCs of all tumor sizes, clinical stages and histological grades, as well as involved lymph nodes, then make comparisons, also with control normal oral epithelium. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 60 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of primary HNSCCs, 77 others of metastasi-positive lymph nodes, and 10 of control normal oral epithelial tissues. Sections were conventionally stained with H&E and immunohistochemically with monoclonal anti-CCR7 and monoclonal anti-CXCR4 antibodies. Positive cells were counted under microscopic assessment in four fields (X40) per case. Results: There was no variation among primary HNSCC tumors staining positive for CCR7 and CXCR4 with tumor size of for CCR7 with lymph node involvement. However, a difference was noted between primary HNSCC tumors stained by CXCR4 with a single as compared to more numerous node involvement. CXCR4 appear to vary with the clinical stagebut no links were noted with histological grades. Staining for primary HNSCC tumors and metastatic lymph nodes correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Al-Jokhadar
- Department of Oral Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
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Yu X, Shi W, Zhang Y, Wang X, Sun S, Song Z, Liu M, Zeng Q, Cui S, Qu X. CXCL12/CXCR4 axis induced miR-125b promotes invasion and confers 5-fluorouracil resistance through enhancing autophagy in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42226. [PMID: 28176874 PMCID: PMC5296742 DOI: 10.1038/srep42226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is associated with potential progression of cancer, such as invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance. However, the underlying mechanisms of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and cancer progression have been poorly explored. We hypothesized that miRNAs might be critical downstream mediators of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis involved in cancer invasion and chemoresistance in CRC. In human CRC cells, we found that the activation of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and concurrent upregulation of miR-125b. Overexpression of miR-125b robustly triggered EMT and cancer invasion, which in turn enhanced the expression of CXCR4. Importantly, the reciprocal positive feedback loop between CXCR4 and miR-125b further activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling by targeting Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. There was a negative correlation of the expression of miR-125b with APC mRNA in paired human colorectal tissue specimens. Further experiments indicated a role of miR-125b in conferring 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance in CRC probably through increasing autophagy both in vitro and in vivo. MiR-125b functions as an important downstream mediator upon the activation of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis that involved in EMT, invasion and 5-FU resistance of CRC. These findings shed a new insight into the role of miR-125b and provide a potential therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenna Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuan Wu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyue Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxiang Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianjun Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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46
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Li J, Zhou Z, Zhang X, Zheng L, He D, Ye Y, Zhang QQ, Qi CL, He XD, Yu C, Shao CK, Qiao L, Wang L. Inflammatory Molecule, PSGL-1, Deficiency Activates Macrophages to Promote Colorectal Cancer Growth through NFκB Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:467-477. [PMID: 28108624 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (SELPLG/PSGL-1) is an inflammatory molecule that is functionally related to immune cell differentiation and leukocyte mobilization. However, the role of PSGL-1 in tumor development remains unknown. Therefore, this study investigates the mechanistic role of PSGL-1 in the development of intestinal tumors in colorectal cancer. ApcMin/+ mice are highly susceptible to spontaneous intestinal adenoma formation, and were crossbred with PSGL1-null mice to generate compound transgenic mice with a ApcMin/+;PSGL-1-/- genotype. The incidence and pathologic features of the intestinal tumors were compared between the ApcMin/+ mice and ApcMin/+;PSGL-1-/- mice. Importantly, PSGL-1-deficient mice showed increased susceptibility to develop intestinal tumors and accelerated tumor growth. Mechanistically, increased production of the mouse chemokine ligand 9 (CCL9/MIP-1γ) was found in the PSGL-1-deficient mice, and the macrophages are likely the major source of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 gamma (MIP-1γ). Studies in vitro demonstrated that macrophage-derived MIP-1γ promoted colorectal cancer tumor cell growth through activating NFκB signaling. Conversely, restoration of the PSGL-1 signaling via bone marrow transplantation reduced MIP-1γ production and attenuated the ability of ApcMin/+;PSGL-1-/- mice to generate intestinal tumors. In human colorectal cancer clinical specimens, the presence of PSGL-1-positive cells was associated with a favorable tumor-node-metastasis staging and decreased lymph node metastasis.Implications:PSGL-1 deficiency and inflammation render intestinal tissue more vulnerable to develop colorectal tumors through a MIP-1γ/NFκB signaling axis. Mol Cancer Res; 15(4); 467-77. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangchao Li
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeqi Zhou
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan He
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Ye
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui-Ling Qi
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dong He
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Kui Shao
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney at the Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lijing Wang
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, School of Basic Course, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Wang D, Jiao C, Zhu Y, Liang D, Zao M, Meng X, Gao J, He Y, Liu W, Hou J, Zhong Z, Cheng Z. Activation of CXCL12/CXCR4 renders colorectal cancer cells less sensitive to radiotherapy via up-regulating the expression of survivin. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 242:429-435. [PMID: 27798120 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216675068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Surgical treatment combined with radiotherapy is the main treatment course for colorectal cancer; nevertheless, radio-resistance is commonly encountered during the treatment course and seriously influences the therapeutic efficacy. We tested the hypothesis that the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is closely related to radiotherapy sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells. Here, we found that the decrease in cell viability and the increase in cell death induced by radiotherapy were attenuated by CXCL12 treatment, and the inhibition of CXCR4 promoted colorectal cancer cells to be more sensitive to radiotherapy. We also examined the critical roles of CXCL12/CXCR4 in cell survival and found that radiotherapy induced Bax expression and facilitated the activity of caspase-3 and caspase-9, which were reversed by CXCL12 treatment. Cell apoptosis was enhanced by the inhibition of CXCR4 under radiotherapy conditions. Furthermore, treatment with CXCL12 resulted in an increased expression of survivin, and the inhibitory roles of CXCL12 in radiotherapy-induced apoptosis were mitigated by survivin knockdown. These results indicate that CXCL12/CXCR4 protects colorectal cancer cells against radiotherapy via survivin, implying an important underlying mechanism of resistance to radiotherapy during colorectal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
| | - Chengbin Jiao
- 2 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- 2 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, P.R. China
| | - Deshen Liang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zao
- 1 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- 1 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Gao
- 1 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yunlong He
- 2 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, P.R. China
| | - Weixin Liu
- 2 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, P.R. China
| | - Jie Hou
- 2 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohua Zhong
- 3 Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Nangang, Harbin 150081, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoxin Cheng
- 1 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P.R. China.,2 Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154002, P.R. China
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CCR7 enhances TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor overall survival in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:24348-60. [PMID: 26176983 PMCID: PMC4695190 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
CCR7 is a G protein-coupled chemokine receptor. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry with tissue microarrays to measure CCR7 expression in tumor specimens from 122 patients with gastric cancer. We show that CCR7 expression is associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.022) and overall survival (OS; P = 0.025), and is an independent factor associated with poorer overall survival (P = 0.032). The CCR7 mechanism was predicted based on bioinformatic analysis and verified in gastric cancer cell lines and primary tumor samples. The data show that CCR7 contributes to TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and that the effects of TGF-β1 are inhibited by a CCR7 neutralizing antibody or a NF-κB inhibitor. Increased TGF-β1 expression was accompanied by nuclear localization of NF-κB-p65 and higher levels of the mesenchymal marker vimentin in human gastric cancer samples. We conclude that the CCR7 axis mediates TGF-β1-induced EMT via crosstalk with NF-κB signaling, facilitating lymph node metastasis and poorer overall survival in patients with gastric cancer. These findings suggest CCR7 is a novel prognostic indicator and a potential target for gastric cancer therapy.
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CXCR4 polymorphism predicts progression-free survival in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with first-line bevacizumab-based chemotherapy. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2016; 17:543-550. [PMID: 27503580 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2016.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed associations between CXCR4/CXCL12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients who underwent first-line bevacizumab-based chemotherapy. A total of 874 patients were included in this study: 144 treated with bevacizumab and FOLFOX or XELOX (training cohort), 653 treated with bevacizumab and FOLFIRI or FOLFOXIRI (validation cohort A or B) and 77 treated with cetuximab- and oxaliplatin-based regimens (control cohort). One CXCR4 polymorphism (rs2228014) and two CXCL12 polymorphisms (rs1801157 and rs3740085) were analyzed by PCR-based direct sequencing. Patients with a C/C genotype had a prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) compared with those with any T allele (P=0.030) in the training cohort. Similarly, patients with the C/C genotype had a superior PFS in the validation cohorts, but not in the control cohort. Our findings suggest that a common genetic variant, CXCR4 rs2228014, could predict PFS and may guide therapeutic decisions in mCRC patients receiving first-line bevacizumab-based chemotherapy.
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50
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Mishan MA, Ahmadiankia N, Bahrami AR. CXCR4 and CCR7: Two eligible targets in targeted cancer therapy. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:955-67. [PMID: 27248053 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common cause of death in the world with high negative emotional, economic, and social impacts. Conventional therapeutic methods, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have not proven satisfactory and relapse is common in most cases. Recent studies have focused on targeted therapy with more precise identification and targeted attacks to the cancer cells. For this purpose, chemokine receptors are proper targets and among them, CXCR4 and CCR7, with a crucial role in cancer metastasis, are being considered as desired candidates for investigation. In this review paper, the most important experimental results are highlighted on the potential targeted therapies based on CXCR4 and CCR7 chemokine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naghmeh Ahmadiankia
- Cancer Prevention Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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