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Moisand A, Madéry M, Boyer T, Domblides C, Blaye C, Larmonier N. Hormone Receptor Signaling and Breast Cancer Resistance to Anti-Tumor Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15048. [PMID: 37894728 PMCID: PMC10606577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers regroup many heterogeneous diseases unevenly responding to currently available therapies. Approximately 70-80% of breast cancers express hormone (estrogen or progesterone) receptors. Patients with these hormone-dependent breast malignancies benefit from therapies targeting endocrine pathways. Nevertheless, metastatic disease remains a major challenge despite available treatments, and relapses frequently ensue. By improving patient survival and quality of life, cancer immunotherapies have sparked considerable enthusiasm and hope in the last decade but have led to only limited success in breast cancers. In addition, only patients with hormone-independent breast cancers seem to benefit from these immune-based approaches. The present review examines and discusses the current literature related to the role of hormone receptor signaling (specifically, an estrogen receptor) and the impact of its modulation on the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to the effector mechanisms of anti-tumor immune responses and on the capability of breast cancers to escape from protective anti-cancer immunity. Future research prospects related to the possibility of promoting the efficacy of immune-based interventions using hormone therapy agents are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Moisand
- CNRS UMR 5164, ImmunoConcEpT, Biological and Medical Sciences Department, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (A.M.); (M.M.); (T.B.); (C.D.)
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, UB Grad 2.0, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathilde Madéry
- CNRS UMR 5164, ImmunoConcEpT, Biological and Medical Sciences Department, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (A.M.); (M.M.); (T.B.); (C.D.)
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, UB Grad 2.0, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas Boyer
- CNRS UMR 5164, ImmunoConcEpT, Biological and Medical Sciences Department, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (A.M.); (M.M.); (T.B.); (C.D.)
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, UB Grad 2.0, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Charlotte Domblides
- CNRS UMR 5164, ImmunoConcEpT, Biological and Medical Sciences Department, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (A.M.); (M.M.); (T.B.); (C.D.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Céline Blaye
- CNRS UMR 5164, ImmunoConcEpT, Biological and Medical Sciences Department, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (A.M.); (M.M.); (T.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Nicolas Larmonier
- CNRS UMR 5164, ImmunoConcEpT, Biological and Medical Sciences Department, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France; (A.M.); (M.M.); (T.B.); (C.D.)
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, UB Grad 2.0, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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George CN, Canuas-Landero V, Theodoulou E, Muthana M, Wilson C, Ottewell P. Oestrogen and zoledronic acid driven changes to the bone and immune environments: Potential mechanisms underlying the differential anti-tumour effects of zoledronic acid in pre- and post-menopausal conditions. J Bone Oncol 2020; 25:100317. [PMID: 32995253 PMCID: PMC7516134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Late stage breast cancer commonly metastasises to bone and patient survival averages 2-3 years following diagnosis of bone involvement. One of the most successful treatments for bone metastases is the bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid (ZOL). ZOL has been used in the advanced setting for many years where it has been shown to reduce skeletal complications associated with bone metastasis. More recently, several large adjuvant clinical trials have demonstrated that administration of ZOL can prevent recurrence and improve survival when given in early breast cancer. However, these promising effects were only observed in post-menopausal women with confirmed low concentrations of circulating ovarian hormones. In this review we focus on potential interactions between the ovarian hormone, oestrogen, and ZOL to establish credible hypotheses that could explain why anti-tumour effects are specific to post-menopausal women. Specifically, we discuss the molecular and immune cell driven mechanisms by which ZOL and oestrogen affect the tumour microenvironment to inhibit/induce tumour growth and how oestrogen can interact with zoledronic acid to inhibit its anti-tumour actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher N. George
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Victor Canuas-Landero
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Elizavet Theodoulou
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Munitta Muthana
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Wilson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Penelope Ottewell
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
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3
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Neri M, Sansone L, Pietrasanta L, Kisialiou A, Cabano E, Martini M, Russo MA, Ugolini D, Tafani M, Bonassi S. Gene and protein expression of CXCR4 in adult and elderly patients with chronic rhinitis, pharyngitis or sinusitis undergoing thermal water nasal inhalations. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2018; 15:10. [PMID: 29497453 PMCID: PMC5828426 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-018-0114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Chronic rhinitis, pharyngitis and sinusitis are common health problems with a significant impact on public health, and are suspected to be influenced by ageing factors. Nasal inhalation with thermal water may be used to reduce symptoms, inflammation and drug intake. A pre-post clinical study was conducted in 183 consecutive adult and elderly patients with chronic rhinitis, pharyngitis or sinusitis, to evaluate whether thermal water nasal inhalations could improve their symptoms, clinical signs and rhinomanometry measurements, and influence inflammatory biomarkers levels in nasal epithelial cells. Results Participants profile revealed that they were aged on average (mean age and SD 60.6 ± 15.2 years, median 65, range 20–86, 86 aged ≤ 65 years (47%), 96 aged > 65 years (53%)) and extremely concerned about wellbeing. Older age was associated with better compliance to inhalation treatment. Total symptom and clinical evaluation scores were significantly ameliorated after treatment (p < 0.001), with no substantial difference according to age, while rhinomanometry results were inconsistent. Persistence of symptom improvement was confirmed at phone follow up 1 year later (n = 74). The training set of 48 inflammatory genes (40 patients) revealed a strong increase of CXCR4 gene expression after nasal inhalations, confirmed both in the validation set (143 patients; 1.2 ± 0.68 vs 3.3 ± 1.2; p < 0.0001) and by evaluation of CXCR4 protein expression (40 patients; 1.0 ± 0.39 vs 2.6 ± 0.66; p < 0.0001). CXCR4 expression was consistently changed in patients with rhinitis, pharyngitis or sinusitis. The increase was smaller in current smokers compared to non-smokers. Results were substantially unchanged when comparing aged subjects (≥ 65 years) or the eldest quartile (≥ 71 years) to the others. Other genes showed weaker variations (e.g. FLT1 was reduced only in patients with sinusitis). Conclusions These results confirm the clinical impact of thermal water nasal inhalations on upper respiratory diseases both in adults and elders, and emphasize the role of genes activating tissue repair and inflammatory pathways. Future studies should evaluate CXCR4 as possible therapeutic target or response predictor in patients with chronic rhinitis, pharyngitis or sinusitis. Trial registration Communication to Italian Ministry of Health - ICPOM 000461. Registered 10/11/2014. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12979-018-0114-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Neri
- 1Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Sansone
- 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,3Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Pietrasanta
- Terme di Genova, Genoa, Italy.,Terme di Acqui, AcquiTerme (AL), Italy
| | - Aliaksei Kisialiou
- 1Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marina Martini
- Terme di Genova, Genoa, Italy.,Terme di Acqui, AcquiTerme (AL), Italy
| | | | | | - Marco Tafani
- 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,3Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- 1Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy.,9Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
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4
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Hiramitsu S, Ishikawa T, Lee WR, Khan T, Crumbley C, Khwaja N, Zamanian F, Asghari A, Sen M, Zhang Y, Hawse JR, Minna JD, Umetani M. Estrogen Receptor Beta-Mediated Modulation of Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation by 27-Hydroxycholesterol. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:470. [PMID: 30190703 PMCID: PMC6116707 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) is an abundant cholesterol metabolite in human circulation and promotes breast cancer cell proliferation. Although lung is one of the organs that contain high levels of 27HC, the role of 27HC in lung is unknown. In this study, we found that 27HC promotes lung cancer cell proliferation in an estrogen receptor β (ERβ)-dependent manner. The expression of 27HC-generating enzyme CYP27A1 is higher in lung cancer cells than in normal lung cells. Treatment with 27HC increased cell proliferation in ERβ-positive lung cancer cells, but not in ERα-positive or ER-negative cells. The effect on cell proliferation is specific to 27HC and another oxysterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol that has a similar oxysterol structure with 27HC. Moreover, among ligands for nuclear receptors tested, only estrogen had the proliferative effect, and the effect by 27HC and estrogen was inhibited by ERβ-specific, but not ERα-specific, inhibitors. In addition, the effect by 27HC was not affected by membrane-bound estrogen receptor GPR30. Interestingly, despite the high expression of CYP27A1, endogenously produced 27HC was not the major contributor of the 27HC-induced cell proliferation. Using kinase inhibitors, we found that the effect by 27HC was mediated by the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. These results suggest that 27HC promotes lung cancer cell proliferation via ERβ and PI3K-Akt signaling. Thus, lowering 27HC levels may lead to a novel approach for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Hiramitsu
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Tomonori Ishikawa
- Division of Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Wan-Ru Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Tamor Khan
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christine Crumbley
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nimra Khwaja
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Faezeh Zamanian
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Arvand Asghari
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mehmet Sen
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John R. Hawse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - John D. Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Michihisa Umetani
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Michihisa Umetani
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5
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Van Grembergen O, Bizet M, de Bony EJ, Calonne E, Putmans P, Brohée S, Olsen C, Guo M, Bontempi G, Sotiriou C, Defrance M, Fuks F. Portraying breast cancers with long noncoding RNAs. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600220. [PMID: 27617288 PMCID: PMC5010371 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Evidence is emerging that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play a role in cancer development, but this role is not yet clear. We performed a genome-wide transcriptional survey to explore the lncRNA landscape across 995 breast tissue samples. We identified 215 lncRNAs whose genes are aberrantly expressed in breast tumors, as compared to normal samples. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of breast tumors on the basis of their lncRNAs revealed four breast cancer subgroups that correlate tightly with PAM50-defined mRNA-based subtypes. Using multivariate analysis, we identified no less than 210 lncRNAs prognostic of clinical outcome. By analyzing the coexpression of lncRNA genes and protein-coding genes, we inferred potential functions of the 215 dysregulated lncRNAs. We then associated subtype-specific lncRNAs with key molecular processes involved in cancer. A correlation was observed, on the one hand, between luminal A-specific lncRNAs and the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, fibroblast growth factor, and transforming growth factor-β pathways and, on the other hand, between basal-like-specific lncRNAs and the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-dependent pathways and of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Finally, we showed that a specific lncRNA, which we called CYTOR, plays a role in breast cancer. We confirmed its predicted functions, showing that it regulates genes involved in the EGFR/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and is required for cell proliferation, cell migration, and cytoskeleton organization. Overall, our work provides the most comprehensive analyses for lncRNA in breast cancers. Our findings suggest a wide range of biological functions associated with lncRNAs in breast cancer and provide a foundation for functional investigations that could lead to new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Van Grembergen
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, ULB–Cancer Research Center (U-CRC), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Bizet
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, ULB–Cancer Research Center (U-CRC), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Machine Learning Group, Computer Science Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles–Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric J. de Bony
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, ULB–Cancer Research Center (U-CRC), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emilie Calonne
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, ULB–Cancer Research Center (U-CRC), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascale Putmans
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, ULB–Cancer Research Center (U-CRC), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylvain Brohée
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catharina Olsen
- Machine Learning Group, Computer Science Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Gianluca Bontempi
- Machine Learning Group, Computer Science Department, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles–Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Defrance
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, ULB–Cancer Research Center (U-CRC), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles–Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - François Fuks
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, ULB–Cancer Research Center (U-CRC), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Kulathinal RJ, Blain SW, Holcombe RF, Mahajna J, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Nawroth R, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sharma D, Saxena NK, Singh N, Vlachostergios PJ, Guo S, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Bilsland A, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Keith WN, Nowsheen S. Sustained proliferation in cancer: Mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S25-S54. [PMID: 25892662 PMCID: PMC4898971 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of many signal transduction pathways also stimulates cell growth. Early steps in tumor development are associated with a fibrogenic response and the development of a hypoxic environment which favors the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. Part of the survival strategy of cancer stem cells may manifested by alterations in cell metabolism. Once tumors appear, growth and metastasis may be supported by overproduction of appropriate hormones (in hormonally dependent cancers), by promoting angiogenesis, by undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, by triggering autophagy, and by taking cues from surrounding stromal cells. A number of natural compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, brassinin, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagitannins, lycopene and quercetin) have been found to inhibit one or more pathways that contribute to proliferation (e.g., hypoxia inducible factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, Wnt, cell cycle associated proteins, as well as androgen and estrogen receptor signaling). These data, in combination with bioinformatics analyses, will be very important for identifying signaling pathways and molecular targets that may provide early diagnostic markers and/or critical targets for the development of new drugs or drug combinations that block tumor formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center, Cancer Drug Discovery Program, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Roman Nawroth
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neetu Singh
- Tissue and Cell Culture Unit, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7YG, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmonas Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
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7
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Assessing the effects of estrogen on the dynamics of breast cancer. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2012; 2012:473572. [PMID: 23365616 PMCID: PMC3536317 DOI: 10.1155/2012/473572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, breast cancer has become the second most common cancer in women. The disease has currently been named the most deadly cancer in women but little is known on what causes the disease. We present the effects of estrogen as a risk factor on the dynamics of breast cancer. We develop a deterministic mathematical model showing general dynamics of breast cancer with immune response. This is a four-population model that includes tumor cells, host cells, immune cells, and estrogen. The effects of estrogen are then incorporated in the model. The results show that the presence of extra estrogen increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
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Ravenna L, Sale P, Di Vito M, Russo A, Salvatori L, Tafani M, Mari E, Sentinelli S, Petrangeli E, Gallucci M, Di Silverio F, Russo MA. Up-regulation of the inflammatory-reparative phenotype in human prostate carcinoma. Prostate 2009; 69:1245-55. [PMID: 19444819 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have underlined the role of tumor cells in the endogenous synthesis of pro-inflammatory molecules. We tested whether malignant progression in prostate cancer was associated with the activation of a phenotype typical of the innate immune system. METHODS The expression of a set of molecules involved in tissue inflammation and repair was measured by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis in prostate samples in the absence or slight presence of a detectable leukocyte infiltrate. Whole tumor and non-tumor samples were analyzed in addition to laser-capture microdissected tumor and host epithelium. Receptor for advanced glycation end products, purine receptor, inducible enzymes cyclooxygenase-2 and nitric oxide synthase-2, pentraxin-3 and growth-survival factor receptors such as epithelial growth factor and estrogen alpha and beta receptors were all studied. RESULTS A global survey approach showed an up-regulation in tumor samples of all of the studied genes, with the exception of ERbeta. A laser-capture microdissection approach highlighted over-expression of pro-inflammatory molecules in each tumor sample examined. Nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kB subunit p65 was observed in tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS These data support the evidence that molecules typical of the innate immune system, similar to that of activated leukocytes, are produced by prostate epithelial cells and that their expression is up-regulated in malignant cells. We suggest that the observed pro-inflammatory and repair process activation may represent an important molecular mechanism in the progression of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ravenna
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, C.N.R., Rome, Italy
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9
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Hong X, Liu Y, Hu G, Zhao D, Shen J, Shen F, Cao X, Wang Q. EBAG9 inducing hyporesponsiveness of T cells promotes tumor growth and metastasis in 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2009; 100:961-9. [PMID: 19445026 PMCID: PMC11158866 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01129.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The estrogen receptor-binding fragment-associated gene 9 (EBAG9) has been identified as an estrogen-responsive gene and was recently identified as a tumor-promoting and prognostic factor for renal cell carcinoma. We investigated whether EBAG9 expression was correlated with primary tumor growth and distant tumor metastasis in a murine breast carcinoma model. Knockdown expression of EBAG9 by small interfering RNA significantly suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo in a highly malignant, spontaneously metastasizing 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma model. 4T1 cells stably overexpressing EBAG9 developed larger and faster tumor growth and lung metastasis compared with parental 4T1 or 4T1 expressing vector alone. Strong specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and enhanced gamma-interferon and interleukin-2 productions were induced in mice that received EBAG9 small interfering RNA therapy. Gene silencing of EBAG9 prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice and induced more intensive infiltration of CD8+ T cells in tumor mass. EBAG9 induced apoptosis of T cells, enhanced glycogen synthase kinase 3beta phosphorylation and inhibited gamma-interferon production of T cells when T lymphocytes were cocultured with 4T1 cells overexpressing EBAG9. Furthermore, overexpression of EBAG9 in 4T1 cells was accompanied with enhanced expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4, which might be involved in tumor metastasis. Taken together, our results suggested that EBAG9 promoted primary 4T1 mammary carcinoma growth and distant metastasis, and EBAG9 small interfering RNA exerted overt regression of tumor growth and metastasis. These findings might provide insights into the mechanism through which tumors evade immunosurveillance and provide a strategy for therapeutic intervention of cancer metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Hong
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Differences in the tumor microenvironment between African-American and European-American breast cancer patients. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4531. [PMID: 19225562 PMCID: PMC2638012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background African-American breast cancer patients experience higher mortality rates than European-American patients despite having a lower incidence of the disease. We tested the hypothesis that intrinsic differences in the tumor biology may contribute to this cancer health disparity. Methods and Results Using laser capture microdissection, we examined genome-wide mRNA expression specific to tumor epithelium and tumor stroma in 18 African-American and 17 European-American patients. Numerous genes were differentially expressed between these two patient groups and a two-gene signature in the tumor epithelium distinguished between them. To identify the biological processes in tumors that are different by race/ethnicity, Gene Ontology and disease association analyses were performed. Several biological processes were identified which may contribute to enhanced disease aggressiveness in African-American patients, including angiogenesis and chemotaxis. African-American tumors also contained a prominent interferon signature. The role of angiogenesis in the tumor biology of African-Americans was further investigated by examining the extent of vascularization and macrophage infiltration in an expanded set of 248 breast tumors. Immunohistochemistry revealed that microvessel density and macrophage infiltration is higher in tumors of African-Americans than in tumors of European-Americans. Lastly, using an in silico approach, we explored the potential of tailored treatment options for African-American patients based on their gene expression profile. This exploratory approach generated lists of therapeutics that may have specific antagonistic activity against tumors of African-American patients, e.g., sirolimus, resveratrol, and chlorpromazine in estrogen receptor-negative tumors. Conclusions The gene expression profiles of breast tumors indicate that differences in tumor biology may exist between African-American and European-American patients beyond the knowledge of current markers. Notably, pathways related to tumor angiogenesis and chemotaxis could be functionally different in these two patient groups.
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Teschendorff AE, Journée M, Absil PA, Sepulchre R, Caldas C. Elucidating the altered transcriptional programs in breast cancer using independent component analysis. PLoS Comput Biol 2007; 3:e161. [PMID: 17708679 PMCID: PMC1950343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2007] [Accepted: 06/28/2007] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The quantity of mRNA transcripts in a cell is determined by a complex interplay of cooperative and counteracting biological processes. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is one of a few number of unsupervised algorithms that have been applied to microarray gene expression data in an attempt to understand phenotype differences in terms of changes in the activation/inhibition patterns of biological pathways. While the ICA model has been shown to outperform other linear representations of the data such as Principal Components Analysis (PCA), a validation using explicit pathway and regulatory element information has not yet been performed. We apply a range of popular ICA algorithms to six of the largest microarray cancer datasets and use pathway-knowledge and regulatory-element databases for validation. We show that ICA outperforms PCA and clustering-based methods in that ICA components map closer to known cancer-related pathways, regulatory modules, and cancer phenotypes. Furthermore, we identify cancer signalling and oncogenic pathways and regulatory modules that play a prominent role in breast cancer and relate the differential activation patterns of these to breast cancer phenotypes. Importantly, we find novel associations linking immune response and epithelial–mesenchymal transition pathways with estrogen receptor status and histological grade, respectively. In addition, we find associations linking the activity levels of biological pathways and transcription factors (NF1 and NFAT) with clinical outcome in breast cancer. ICA provides a framework for a more biologically relevant interpretation of genomewide transcriptomic data. Adopting ICA as the analysis tool of choice will help understand the phenotype–pathway relationship and thus help elucidate the molecular taxonomy of heterogeneous cancers and of other complex genetic diseases. The amount of a given transcript or protein in a cell is determined by a balance of expression and repression in a complex network of biological processes. This delicate balance is compromised in complex genetic diseases such as cancer by alterations in the activation patterns of functionally important biological processes known as pathways. Over the last years, a large number of microarray experiments profiling the expression levels of more than 20,000 human genes in hundreds of tumor samples have shown that most cancer types are heterogeneous diseases, each characterized by many different expression subtypes. The biological and clinical goal is to explain the observed tumor and clinical heterogeneity in terms of specific patterns of altered pathways. The bioinformatic challenge is therefore to devise mathematical tools that explicitly attempt to infer these altered pathways. To this end, we applied a signal processing tool in a meta-analysis of breast cancer, encompassing more than 800 tumor specimens derived from four different patient cohorts, and showed that this algorithm significantly outperforms popular standard bioinformatics tools in identifying altered pathways underlying breast cancer. These results show that the same tool could be applied to other complex human genetic diseases to better elucidate the underlying altered pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Teschendorff
- Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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