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Xu L, Saunders K, Huang SP, Knutsdottir H, Martinez-Algarin K, Terrazas I, Chen K, McArthur HM, Maués J, Hodgdon C, Reddy SM, Roussos Torres ET, Xu L, Chan IS. A comprehensive single-cell breast tumor atlas defines epithelial and immune heterogeneity and interactions predicting anti-PD-1 therapy response. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101511. [PMID: 38614094 PMCID: PMC11148512 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
We present an integrated single-cell RNA sequencing atlas of the primary breast tumor microenvironment (TME) containing 236,363 cells from 119 biopsy samples across eight datasets. In this study, we leverage this resource for multiple analyses of immune and cancer epithelial cell heterogeneity. We define natural killer (NK) cell heterogeneity through six subsets in the breast TME. Because NK cell heterogeneity correlates with epithelial cell heterogeneity, we characterize epithelial cells at the level of single-gene expression, molecular subtype, and 10 categories reflecting intratumoral transcriptional heterogeneity. We develop InteractPrint, which considers how cancer epithelial cell heterogeneity influences cancer-immune interactions. We use T cell InteractPrint to predict response to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) in two breast cancer clinical trials testing neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy. T cell InteractPrint was predictive of response in both trials versus PD-L1 (AUC = 0.82, 0.83 vs. 0.50, 0.72). This resource enables additional high-resolution investigations of the breast TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Saunders
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shao-Po Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hildur Knutsdottir
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth Martinez-Algarin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Isabella Terrazas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kenian Chen
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Heather M McArthur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Sangeetha M Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Evanthia T Roussos Torres
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Isaac S Chan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Zhang M, Zuo Y, Chen S, Li Y, Xing Y, Yang L, Wang H, Guo R. Antibody-drug conjugates in urothelial carcinoma: scientometric analysis and clinical trials analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1323366. [PMID: 38665947 PMCID: PMC11044263 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1323366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2020, bladder cancer, which commonly presents as urothelial carcinoma, became the 10th most common malignancy. For patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma, the standard first-line treatment remains platinum-based chemotherapy, with immunotherapy serving as an alternative in cases of programmed death ligand 1 expression. However, treatment options become limited upon resistance to platinum and programmed death 1 or programmed death ligand 1 agents. Since the FDA's approval of Enfortumab Vedotin and Sacituzumab Govitecan, the therapeutic landscape has expanded, heralding a shift towards antibody-drug conjugates as potential first-line therapies. Our review employed a robust scientometric approach to assess 475 publications on antibody-drug conjugates in urothelial carcinoma, revealing a surge in related studies since 2018, predominantly led by U.S. institutions. Moreover, 89 clinical trials were examined, with 36 in Phase II and 13 in Phase III, exploring antibody-drug conjugates as both monotherapies and in combination with other agents. Promisingly, novel targets like HER-2 and EpCAM exhibit substantial therapeutic potential. These findings affirm the increasing significance of antibody-drug conjugates in urothelial carcinoma treatment, transitioning them from posterior-line to frontline therapies. Future research is poised to focus on new therapeutic targets, combination therapy optimization, treatment personalization, exploration of double antibody-coupled drugs, and strategies to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanye Zuo
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siyi Chen
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaonan Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Xing
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Sawada A, Ohira M, Hatanaka KC, Matsui H, Ichikawa N, Yoshida T, Fukai M, Matsuno Y, Homma S, Hatanaka Y, Taketomi A. Expression Analysis of Early Metastatic Seeding of Colorectal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:2101-2113. [PMID: 38063988 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14714-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distant metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Tumor dissemination for metastasis formation occurs in advanced cancers and also during early stages of tumorigenesis. Here, we investigated the genes involved in early metastatic seeding of CRC using gene expression analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a cDNA microarray using specimens resected from stages I-II CRC with and without metachronous metastatic recurrence. For the candidate genes, we immunohistochemically validated protein expression using a tissue microarray of stages I-III CRC. RESULTS The expression of TROP2, VWCE, and BMP7 was upregulated in the recurrence group rather than in the non-recurrence group. Protein expression analysis revealed significant association of these genes with distant metastatic recurrence. The specimens with high expression of BMP7 showed worse recurrence-free survival (RFS; p = 0.02). Those with high expression of TROP2 and VWCE showed worse overall survival (OS) and RFS (TROP2: p = 0.01 and p = 0.03; VWCE: p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, high expression of VWCE and BMP7 was an independent predictor of recurrence [VWCE: hazard ratio (HR) 3.41, p < 0.001; BMP7: HR 2.93, p = 0.005]. In contrast, TROP2 was an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR 4.58, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Gene expression analysis revealed that TROP2, VWCE, and BMP7 were involved in early metastatic seeding. The high expression of these genes may warrant careful surveillance or adjuvant therapy, even in stages I-II CRC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akifumi Sawada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kanako C Hatanaka
- Center for Development of Advanced Diagnostics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Matsui
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobuki Ichikawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Moto Fukai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matsuno
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigenori Homma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hatanaka
- Center for Development of Advanced Diagnostics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Research Division of Genome Companion Diagnostics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Taketomi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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Müller JH, Plage H, Elezkurtaj S, Mandelkow T, Huang Z, Lurati MCJ, Raedler JB, Debatin NF, Vettorazzi E, Samtleben H, Hofbauer S, Furlano K, Neymeyer J, Goranova I, Ralla B, Weinberger S, Horst D, Roßner F, Schallenberg S, Marx AH, Fisch M, Rink M, Slojewski M, Kaczmarek K, Ecke T, Hallmann S, Koch S, Adamini N, Lennartz M, Minner S, Simon R, Sauter G, Zecha H, Schlomm T, Bady E. Loss of TROP2 and epithelial cell adhesion molecule expression is linked to grade progression in pTa but unrelated to disease outcome in pT2-4 urothelial bladder carcinomas. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1342367. [PMID: 38282671 PMCID: PMC10811247 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1342367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2; EpCAM2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein which is closely related to EpCAM (EpCAM; EpCAM1). Both proteins share partial overlapping functions in epithelial development and EpCAM expression but have not been comparatively analyzed together in bladder carcinomas. TROP2 constitutes the target for the antibody-drug conjugate Sacituzumab govitecan (SG; TrodelvyTM) which has been approved for treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma by the United States Food and Drug administration (FDA) irrespective of its TROP2 expression status. Methods To evaluate the potential clinical significance of subtle differences in TROP2 and EpCAM expression in urothelial bladder cancer, both proteins were analyzed by multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry in combination with a deep-learning based algorithm for automated cell detection on more than 2,700 urothelial bladder carcinomas in a tissue microarray (TMA) format. Results The staining pattern of TROP2 and EpCAM were highly similar. For both proteins, the staining intensity gradually decreased from pTa G2 low grade (TROP2: 68.8±36.1; EpCAM: 21.5±11.7) to pTa G2 high grade (64.6±38.0; 19.3±12.2) and pTa G3 (52.1±38.7; 16.0±13.0, p<0.001 each). In pT2-4 carcinomas, the average TROP2 and EpCAM staining intensity was intermediate (61.8±40.9; 18.3±12.3). For both proteins, this was significantly lower than in pTa G2 low grade (p<0.001 each) but also higher than in pTa G3 tumors (p=0.022 for TROP2, p=0.071 for EpCAM). Within pT2-4 carcinomas, the TROP2 and EpCAM staining level was unrelated to pT, grade, UICC-category, and overall or tumor-specific patient survival. The ratio TROP2/EpCAM was unrelated to malignant phenotype and patient prognosis. Conclusion Our data show that TROP2 and EpCAM expression is common and highly interrelated in urothelial neoplasms. Despite of a progressive loss of TROP2/EpCAM during tumor cell dedifferentiation in pTa tumors, the lack of associations with clinicopathological parameters in pT2-4 cancer argues against a major cancer driving role of both proteins for the progression of urothelial neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H. Müller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henning Plage
- Department of Urology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tim Mandelkow
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zhihao Huang
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Magalie C. J. Lurati
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas B. Raedler
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- College of Arts and Sciences, Boston University, Fürth, Germany
| | - Nicolaus F. Debatin
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eik Vettorazzi
- Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Kira Furlano
- Department of Urology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Neymeyer
- Department of Urology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - David Horst
- Insitute of Pathology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Andreas H. Marx
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Margit Fisch
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcin Slojewski
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Stettin, Stettin, Poland
| | | | - Thorsten Ecke
- Department of Urology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Steffen Hallmann
- Department of Urology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Stefan Koch
- Department of Pathology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Nico Adamini
- Department of Urology, Albertinen Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Zecha
- Department of Urology, Albertinen Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Elena Bady
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Liu S, Hawley SJ, Kunder CA, Hsu EC, Shen M, Westphalen L, Auman H, Newcomb LF, Lin DW, Nelson PS, Feng Z, Tretiakova MS, True LD, Vakar-Lopez F, Carroll PR, Simko J, Gleave ME, Troyer DA, McKenney JK, Brooks JD, Liss MA, Stoyanova T. High expression of Trop2 is associated with aggressive localized prostate cancer and is a candidate urinary biomarker. Sci Rep 2024; 14:486. [PMID: 38177207 PMCID: PMC10766957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50215-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Distinguishing indolent from clinically significant localized prostate cancer is a major clinical challenge and influences clinical decision-making between treatment and active surveillance. The development of novel predictive biomarkers will help with risk stratification, and clinical decision-making, leading to a decrease in over or under-treatment of patients with prostate cancer. Here, we report that Trop2 is a prognostic tissue biomarker for clinically significant prostate cancer by utilizing the Canary Prostate Cancer Tissue Microarray (CPCTA) cohort composed of over 1100 patients from a multi-institutional study. We demonstrate that elevated Trop2 expression is correlated with worse clinical features including Gleason score, age, and pre-operative PSA levels. More importantly, we demonstrate that elevated Trop2 expression at radical prostatectomy predicts worse overall survival in men undergoing radical prostatectomy. Additionally, we detect shed Trop2 in urine from men with clinically significant prostate cancer. Our study identifies Trop2 as a novel tissue prognostic biomarker and a candidate non-invasive marker for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Liu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - En-Chi Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Shen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lennart Westphalen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Lisa F Newcomb
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel W Lin
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ziding Feng
- Program of Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Maria S Tretiakova
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lawrence D True
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Funda Vakar-Lopez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter R Carroll
- Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffry Simko
- Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martin E Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dean A Troyer
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Jesse K McKenney
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James D Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Liss
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Hounjet J, Groot AJ, Piepers JP, Kranenburg O, Zwijnenburg DA, Rapino FA, Koster JB, Kampen KR, Vooijs MA. Iron-responsive element of Divalent metal transporter 1 (Dmt1) controls Notch-mediated cell fates. FEBS J 2023; 290:5811-5834. [PMID: 37646174 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Notch receptor activation is regulated by the intramembrane protease γ-secretase, which cleaves and liberates the Notch intracellular domain (Nicd) that regulates gene transcription. While γ-secretase cleavage is necessary, we demonstrate it is insufficient for Notch activation and requires vesicular trafficking. Here, we report Divalent metal transporter 1 (Dmt1, Slc11A2) as a novel and essential regulator of Notch signalling. Dmt1-deficient cells are defective in Notch signalling and have perturbed endolysosomal trafficking and function. Dmt1 encodes for two isoforms, with and without an iron response element (ire). We show that isoform-specific silencing of Dmt1-ire and Dmt1+ire has opposite consequences on Notch-dependent cell fates in cell lines and intestinal organoids. Loss of Dmt1-ire suppresses Notch activation and promotes differentiation, whereas loss of Dmt1+ire causes Notch activation and maintains stem-progenitor cell fates. Dmt1 isoform expression correlates with Notch and Wnt signalling in Apc-deficient intestinal organoids and human colorectal cancers. Consistently, Dmt1-ire silencing induces Notch-dependent differentiation in colorectal cancer cells. These data identify Dmt1 isoforms as binary switches controlling Notch cell fate decisions in normal and tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Hounjet
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan J Groot
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda P Piepers
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Onno Kranenburg
- Lab Translational Oncology, Division Imaging and Cancer, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danny A Zwijnenburg
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca A Rapino
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacy, Giga Stem Cells, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - Jan B Koster
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim R Kampen
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A Vooijs
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Liatsou E, Schizas D, Frountzas M. The Impact of Trophoblast Cell-Surface Antigen 2 Expression on the Survival of Patients with Gastrointestinal Tumors: A Systematic Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1445. [PMID: 37888056 PMCID: PMC10608046 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP-2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in epithelial cells that has been associated with malignant progression in most carcinomas. Accordingly, the genetic complexity of gastrointestinal tumors necessitates the investigation of new biomarkers with potential prognostic value. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the effect of TROP-2 on the overall survival of patients who underwent surgery for gastrointestinal malignancy. METHODS The present systematic review was designed using the PRISMA and AMSTAR guidelines. We searched the Pubmed, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases from their inception to September 2023. RESULTS Ten studies that enrolled 2293 patients were included for qualitative analysis. Six studies evaluated patients with colorectal cancer, two studies included patients with gastric carcinoma, patients with pancreatic cancer were included in one study and one study included hepatobiliary cancer patients. TROP-2 was positive in 1005/2293 samples of the immunohistochemically evaluated biopsies and was associated with poor overall survival in all studies. High intensity was also associated with more aggressive histopathological characteristics, such us deep tissue invasion, lymph node metastasis and cell atypia. The prognostic value of TROP-2 was shown to be enhanced in patients with advanced disease and poor histological differentiation. CONCLUSION TROP-2 was expressed at high levels in gastrointestinal tumors, which was associated with both tumor development and pathological aggressiveness. Therefore, TROP-2 could be used as a biomarker to determine clinical prognosis and as a potential therapeutic target in malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract, but further studies need to validate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathia Liatsou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Maximos Frountzas
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hippocration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
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8
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Overman M, Katz MH, Wang H. Prognostic significance of trophoblastic cell surface antigen 2 expression and pathologic parameters in patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma. Hum Pathol 2023; 139:117-125. [PMID: 37516386 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Trophoblastic cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) has been reported to be up-regulated in several types of carcinomas and is associated with aggressive behavior and poor survival. However, TROP2 expression and its clinical significance in ampullary adenocarcinoma (AA) have not been investigated. We examined TROP2 expression by immunohistochemistry in 112 patients with AAs. The associations of TROP2 expression with clinicopathologic characteristics were evaluated by χ2 analyses or Fisher's exact tests. The associations of TROP2 expression and pathologic parameters with survival were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Eighty-six AAs (76.8%) were positive for TROP2, which showed a membranous and cytoplasmic staining. TROP2 expression was associated with higher frequency (P = .04) and higher number (P = .03) of lymph node metastasis, higher pN stage (P = .03), less frequent adenoma (P = .04), and higher frequency of recurrence/metastasis (P = .004). TROP2 expression was associated with shorter disease-free survival (P = .02) and overall survival (P = .03). TROP2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (P = .04). We demonstrated that TROP2 was expressed in 76.8% of AAs. TROP2 expression was associated with higher frequency and high number of lymph node metastasis and higher pN stage. More importantly, TROP2 expression was associated with higher frequency of recurrence/metastasis, shorter disease-free and overall survival and was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival. Our results suggest that TROP2 may be used both as a prognostic marker and as a therapeutic target for patients with AAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Michael Overman
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Matthew Hg Katz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Huamin Wang
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Iwamoto S, Mori Y, Yamashita T, Ojima K, Akita K, Togano S, Kushiyama S, Yashiro M, Yatera Y, Yamaguchi T, Komiyama A, Sago Y, Itano N, Nakada H. Trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 phosphorylation triggered by binding of galectin-3 drives metastasis through down-regulation of E-cadherin. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104971. [PMID: 37380081 PMCID: PMC10392139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) is enhanced in many tumor tissues and is correlated with increased malignancy and poor survival of patients with cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that the Ser-322 residue of Trop-2 is phosphorylated by protein kinase Cα (PKCα) and PKCδ. Here, we demonstrate that phosphomimetic Trop-2 expressing cells have markedly decreased E-cadherin mRNA and protein levels. Consistently, mRNA and protein of the E-cadherin-repressing transcription factors zinc finger E-Box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) were elevated, suggesting transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin expression. The binding of galectin-3 to Trop-2 enhanced the phosphorylation and subsequent cleavage of Trop-2, followed by intracellular signaling by the resultant C-terminal fragment. Binding of β-catenin/transcription factor 4 (TCF4) along with the C-terminal fragment of Trop-2 to the ZEB1 promoter upregulated ZEB1 expression. Of note, siRNA-mediated knockdown of β-catenin and TCF4 increased the expression of E-cadherin through ZEB1 downregulation. Knockdown of Trop-2 in MCF-7 cells and DU145 cells resulted in downregulation of ZEB1 and subsequent upregulation of E-cadherin. Furthermore, wild-type and phosphomimetic Trop-2 but not phosphorylation-blocked Trop-2 were detected in the liver and/or lung of some nude mice bearing primary tumors inoculated intraperitoneally or subcutaneously with wild-type or mutated Trop-2 expressing cells, suggesting that Trop-2 phosphorylation, plays an important role in tumor cell mobility in vivo, too. Together with our previous finding of Trop-2 dependent regulation of claudin-7, we suggest that the Trop-2-mediated cascade involves concurrent derangement of both tight and adherence junctions, which may drive metastasis of epithelial tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shungo Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Mori
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ojima
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaoru Akita
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shingo Togano
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kushiyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Yatera
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akane Komiyama
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Sago
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Itano
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakada
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.
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10
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Alese OB, Wu C, Chapin WJ, Ulanja MB, Zheng-Lin B, Amankwah M, Eads J. Update on Emerging Therapies for Advanced Colorectal Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2023; 43:e389574. [PMID: 37155942 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_389574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide. It is projected to increase by 3.2 million new cases and account for 1.6 million deaths by 2040. Mortality is largely due to limited treatment options for patients who present with advanced disease. Thus, the development of effective and tolerable therapies is crucial. Chemotherapy has been the backbone of systemic treatment of advanced CRC, but utility has been limited because of invariable resistance to therapy, narrow mechanisms of action, and unfavorable toxicity profile. Tumors that are mismatch repair-deficient have demonstrated remarkable response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. However, most CRC tumors are mismatch repair-proficient and represent an unmet medical need. Although ERBB2 amplification occurs only in a few cases, it is associated with left-sided tumors and a higher incidence of brain metastasis. Numerous combinations of HER2 inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy, and antibody-drug conjugates against HER2 represent innovative strategies in this area. The KRAS protein has been classically considered undruggable. Fortunately, new agents targeting KRAS G12C mutation represent a paradigm shift in the management of affected patients and could lead the advancement in drug development for the more common KRAS mutations. Furthermore, aberrant DNA damage response is present in 15%-20% of CRCs, and emerging innovative combinations with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors could improve the current therapeutic landscape. Multiple novel biomarker-driven approaches in the management of patients with advanced CRC tumors are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatunji B Alese
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - William J Chapin
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mark B Ulanja
- Christus Ochsner St Patrick Hospital, Lake Charles, LA
| | | | | | - Jennifer Eads
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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11
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Moretto R, Germani MM, Giordano M, Conca V, Proietti A, Niccoli C, Pietrantonio F, Lonardi S, Tamburini E, Zaniboni A, Passardi A, Latiano TP, Fanotto V, Di Donato S, Prisciandaro M, Bergamo F, Masi G, Fontanini G, Ugolini C, Cremolini C. Trop-2 and Nectin-4 immunohistochemical expression in metastatic colorectal cancer: searching for the right population for drugs' development. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1391-1399. [PMID: 36759721 PMCID: PMC10049995 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trop-2 and Nectin-4 are transmembrane proteins overexpressed in many tumours and targets of antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). In metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), the role of Trop-2 and Nectin-4 has been poorly investigated. METHODS Tumour samples of patients randomised in the phase III TRIBE2 were assessed for Trop-2 and Nectin-4 expression. RESULTS Three hundred eighty-six tumours were assessed for Trop-2 expression. 90 (23%), 115 (30%) and 181 (47%) were Trop-2 high, medium and low, respectively. Patients with low Trop-2 tumours achieved longer PFS (12 versus 9.9 months, p = 0.047) and OS (27.3 versus 21.3 months, p = 0.015) than those with high/medium Trop-2 tumours. These findings were confirmed in multivariate analysis (p = 0.022 and p = 0.023, respectively). A greater OS benefit from treatment intensification with FOLFOXIRI/bevacizumab was observed in patients with high/medium Trop-2 tumours (p-for-interaction = 0.041). Two hundred fifty-one tumours were assessed for Nectin-4 expression. Fourteen (5%), 67 (27%) and 170 (68%) were high, medium and low, respectively. No prognostic impact was observed based on Nectin-4 expression and no interaction effect was reported between Nectin-4 expression groups and treatment arm. CONCLUSIONS In mCRC, expression levels of Trop-2 and Nectin-4 are heterogeneous, suggesting a target-driven development of anti-Trop2 and anti-Nectin-4 ADCs. Medium/high Trop-2 expression is associated with worse prognosis and higher benefit from chemotherapy intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Moretto
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Maria Germani
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mirella Giordano
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Veronica Conca
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Agnese Proietti
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Niccoli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Pietrantonio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Lonardi
- Medical Oncology Unit 3, Veneto Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Emiliano Tamburini
- Oncology Unit, Ospedale degli Infermi, Rimini, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Palliative Care, Cardinale Panico Tricase City Hospital, Tricase, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Passardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per Lo Studio Dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pia Latiano
- Oncology Unit, Foundation IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Valentina Fanotto
- Department of Oncology, ASUFC University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Samantha Di Donato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Santo Stefano General Hospital, Prato, Italy
| | - Michele Prisciandaro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bergamo
- Medical Oncology Unit 3, Veneto Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianluca Masi
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fontanini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Clara Ugolini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Cremolini
- Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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12
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Song F, Dai Q, Grimm MO, Steinbach D. The Antithetic Roles of IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 in Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041115. [PMID: 36831467 PMCID: PMC9953781 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The scaffold protein family of IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating proteins (IQGAP1, 2, and 3) share a high degree of homology and comprise six functional domains. IQGAPs bind and regulate the cytoskeleton, interact with MAP kinases and calmodulin, and have GTPase-related activity, as well as a RasGAP domain. Thus, IQGAPs regulate multiple cellular processes and pathways, affecting cell division, growth, cell-cell interactions, migration, and invasion. In the past decade, significant evidence on the function of IQGAPs in signal transduction during carcinogenesis has emerged. Compared with IQGAP1, IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 were less analyzed. In this review, we summarize the different signaling pathways affected by IQGAP2 and IQGAP3, and the antithetic roles of IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 in different types of cancer. IQGAP2 expression is reduced and plays a tumor suppressor role in most solid cancer types, while IQGAP3 is overexpressed and acts as an oncogene. In lymphoma, for example, IQGAPs have partially opposite functions. There is considerable evidence that IQGAPs regulate a multitude of pathways to modulate cancer processes and chemoresistance, but some questions, such as how they trigger this signaling, through which domains, and why they play opposite roles on the same pathways, are still unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Qingqing Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Marc-Oliver Grimm
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Steinbach
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence:
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13
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Cheng Y, Yuan X, Tian Q, Huang X, Chen Y, Pu Y, Long H, Xu M, Ji Y, Xie J, Tan Y, Zhao X, Song H. Preclinical profiles of SKB264, a novel anti-TROP2 antibody conjugated to topoisomerase inhibitor, demonstrated promising antitumor efficacy compared to IMMU-132. Front Oncol 2022; 12:951589. [PMID: 36620535 PMCID: PMC9817100 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.951589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to improve the intratumoral accumulation of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) and minimize its off-target toxicity, SKB264, a novel anti-trophoblast antigen 2 (TROP2) ADC that was developed using 2-methylsulfonyl pyrimidine as the linker to conjugate its payload (KL610023), a belotecan-derivative topoisomerase I inhibitor. The preclinical pharmacologic profiles of SKB264 were assessed in this study. Methods The in vitro and in vivo pharmacologic profiles of SKB264, including efficacy, pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD), safety, and tissue distribution, were investigated using TROP2-positive cell lines, cell-derived xenograft (CDX), patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, and cynomolgus monkeys. Moreover, some profiles were compared with IMMU-132. Results In vitro, SKB264 and SKB264 monoclonal antibody (mAb) had similar internalization abilities and binding affinities to TROP2. After cellular internalization, KL610023 was released and inhibited tumor cell survival. In vivo, SKB264 significantly inhibited tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner in both CDX and PDX models. After SKB264 administration, the serum or plasma concentration/exposure of SKB264 (conjugated ADC, number of payload units ≥1), total antibody (Tab, unconjugated and conjugated mAb regardless of the number of the payload units), and KL610023 in cynomolgus monkeys increased proportionally with increasing dosage from 1 to 10 mg/kg. The linker stability of SKB264 was significantly enhanced as shown by prolonged payload half-life in vivo (SKB264 vs. IMMU-132, 56.3 h vs. 15.5 h). At the same dose, SKB264's exposure in tumor tissue was 4.6-fold higher than that of IMMU-132. Conclusions Compared with IMMU-132, the longer half-life of SKB264 had a stronger targeting effect and better antitumor activity, suggesting the better therapeutic potential of SKB264 for treating TROP2-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xi Zhao
- Center of Translational Medicine, Sichuan Kelun-Biotech Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Hongmei Song
- Center of Translational Medicine, Sichuan Kelun-Biotech Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
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14
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Liu X, Deng J, Yuan Y, Chen W, Sun W, Wang Y, Huang H, Liang B, Ming T, Wen J, Huang B, Xing D. Advances in Trop2-targeted therapy: Novel agents and opportunities beyond breast cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108296. [PMID: 36208791 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Trop2 is a transmembrane glycoprotein and calcium signal transducer with limited expression in normal human tissues. It is consistently overexpressed in a variety of malignant tumors and participates in several oncogenic signaling pathways that lead to tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. As a result, Trop2 has become an attractive therapeutic target in cancer treatment. The anti-Trop2 antibody-drug conjugate (Trodelvy™, sacituzumab govitecan) has been approved to treat metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. However, it is still unclear whether the success observed in Trop2-positive breast cancer could be replicated in other tumor types, owing to the differences in the expression levels and functions of Trop2 across cancer types. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on the structures and functions of Trop2 and highlight the potential diagnostic and therapeutic value of Trop2 beyond breast cancer. In addition, the promising novel Trop2-targeted agents in the clinic were discussed, which will likely alter the therapeutic landscape of Trop2-positive tumors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Liu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Junwen Deng
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenshe Sun
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haiming Huang
- Shanghai Asia United Antibody Medical Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tao Ming
- Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Jialian Wen
- School of Social Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Binghuan Huang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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15
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Jeon Y, Jo U, Hong J, Gong G, Lee HJ. Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) expression in triple-negative breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1014. [PMID: 36153494 PMCID: PMC9509625 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10076-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is related to tumor proliferation enhancement and poor prognosis. An antibody targeting TROP2 was developed to treat metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) which has a limited treatment modality. To characterize the TROP2 expressing tumors in TNBC, we analyzed TROP2 expression in three cohorts; (1) primary tumor without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, (2) primary tumor with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and (3) metastatic tumor. Methods A total of 807 TNBC cases were evaluated for TROP2 immunohistochemical expression. We evaluated the TROP2 H-score distribution in the three cohorts. Tumors were divided into two groups based on TROP2 expression (high vs. low). We analyzed the relationship between clinicopathologic features and markers, including epidermal growth factor receptor, cytokeratin 5/6, p53, and Ki-67, and prognostic significance at high vs. low TROP2 expression. Results There was no difference in TROP2 H-score distribution between the three cohorts. Moderate-to-strong membranous expression of TROP2 in at least 10% of tumor cells was present in 662 cases (82.0%) in Cohort 1, 59 cases (89.4%) in Cohort 2, and 23 cases (88.5%) in Cohort 3. There was no significant difference in clinicopathologic features between high vs. low TROP2 in all cohorts. TROP2 H-score was an independent poor prognostic factor for overall survival in Cohort 3. Conclusions TNBC showed similar TROP2 expression regardless of neoadjuvant treatment or primary tumor/metastasis. Although the prognostic significance of TROP2 expression in metastatic TNBC has been revealed, further evaluation of the predictive value of TROP2 expression for targeted therapy is needed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10076-7.
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TROP2 Represents a Negative Prognostic Factor in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma and Its Expression Is Associated with Features of Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Invasiveness. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174137. [PMID: 36077674 PMCID: PMC9454662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. While the systemic treatment of CRC is based on chemotherapy, subsequent therapeutic options are far less effective. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is highly expressed in many carcinomas, including CRC, where its expression correlates with a poor prognosis. Anti-TROP2-targeted therapy was approved for the treatment of breast and urothelial carcinomas. We aimed to determine whether TROP2 is a suitable target for the treatment of CRC. We demonstrated that TROP2 expression in CRC correlates with lymph node metastasis and poor tumor differentiation. An analysis of mouse tumor models, patient-derived organoids, and tumor cells revealed that TROP2 expression is associated with features related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition and invasiveness. Our results suggest that TROP2 targeting may be a promising approach, especially in the early phase of treatment. Abstract Trophoblastic cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is a membrane glycoprotein overexpressed in many solid tumors with a poor prognosis, including intestinal neoplasms. In our study, we show that TROP2 is expressed in preneoplastic lesions, and its expression is maintained in most colorectal cancers (CRC). High TROP2 positivity correlated with lymph node metastases and poor tumor differentiation and was a negative prognostic factor. To investigate the role of TROP2 in intestinal tumors, we analyzed two mouse models with conditional disruption of the adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) tumor-suppressor gene, human adenocarcinoma samples, patient-derived organoids, and TROP2-deficient tumor cells. We found that Trop2 is produced early after Apc inactivation and its expression is associated with the transcription of genes involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition, the regulation of migration, invasiveness, and extracellular matrix remodeling. A functionally similar group of genes was also enriched in TROP2-positive cells from human CRC samples. To decipher the driving mechanism of TROP2 expression, we analyzed its promoter. In human cells, this promoter was activated by β-catenin and additionally by the Yes1-associated transcriptional regulator (YAP). The regulation of TROP2 expression by active YAP was verified by YAP knockdown in CRC cells. Our results suggest a possible link between aberrantly activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, YAP, and TROP2 expression.
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Trop-2 in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:3911-3921. [PMID: 35735421 PMCID: PMC9222112 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29060312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2, encoded by TACSTD2) is the target protein of sacituzumab govitecan, a novel antibody-drug conjugate for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma. However, the expression status of Trop-2 in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains unclear. We performed immunohistochemical analysis of 99 UTUC samples to evaluate the expression status of Trop-2 in patients with UTUC and analyze its association with clinical outcomes. Trop-2 was positive in 94 of the 99 UTUC samples, and high Trop-2 expression was associated with favorable progression-free survival (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (p = 0.0011, 0.0046). Multivariate analysis identified high Trop-2 expression as an independent predictor of favorable PFS (all cases, p = 0.045; high-risk group (pT3≤ or presence of lymphovascular invasion or lymph node metastasis), p = 0.014). Gene expression analysis using RNA sequencing data from 72 UTUC samples demonstrated the association between high TACSTD2 expression and favorable PFS (all cases, p = 0.069; high-risk group, p = 0.029). In conclusion, we demonstrated that Trop-2 is widely expressed in UTUC. Although high Trop-2 expression was a favorable prognostic factor in UTUC, its widespread expression suggests that sacituzumab govitecan may be effective for a wide range of UTUC.
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18
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Tarantino P, Carmagnani Pestana R, Corti C, Modi S, Bardia A, Tolaney SM, Cortes J, Soria JC, Curigliano G. Antibody-drug conjugates: Smart chemotherapy delivery across tumor histologies. CA Cancer J Clin 2022; 72:165-182. [PMID: 34767258 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As distinct cancer biomarkers have been discovered in recent years, a need to reclassify tumors by more than their histology has been proposed, and therapies are now tailored to treat cancers based on specific molecular aberrations and immunologic markers. In fact, multiple histology-agnostic therapies are currently adopted in clinical practice for treating patients regardless of their tumor site of origin. In parallel with this new model for drug development, in the past few years, several novel antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have been approved to treat solid tumors, benefiting from engineering improvements in the conjugation process and the introduction of novel linkers and payloads. With the recognition that numerous surface targets are expressed across various cancer histologies, alongside the remarkable activity of modern ADCs, this drug class has been increasingly evaluated as suitable for a histology-agnostic expansion of indication. For illustration, the anti-HER2 ADC trastuzumab deruxtecan has demonstrated compelling activity in HER2-overexpressing breast, gastric, colorectal, and lung cancer. Examples of additional novel and potentially histology-agnostic ADC targets include trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop-2) and nectin-4, among others. In the current review article, the authors summarize the current approvals of ADCs by the US Food and Drug Administration focusing on solid tumors and discuss the challenges and opportunities posed by the multihistological expansion of ADCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Tarantino
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Carmagnani Pestana
- Dayan-Daycoval Family Center for Oncology and Hematology, Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chiara Corti
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Shanu Modi
- Breast Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Aditya Bardia
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Breast Cancer Treatment Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sara M Tolaney
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Javier Cortes
- International Breast Cancer Center, Quironsalud Group, Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean-Charles Soria
- Paris Saclay University, St Aubin, France
- Drug Development Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of New Drugs and Early Drug Development, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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19
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Mikuteit M, Steffens S, Zschäbitz S, Autenrieth M, Weichert W, Hartmann A, Erlmeier F. Trophoblast Cell Surface Antigen 2 (Trop2) in Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma. Oncology 2022; 100:331-336. [PMID: 35168242 DOI: 10.1159/000522592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (Trop2) is found in many tumor entities. The prognostic value of Trop2 in renal cell renal carcinoma (RCC), especially in non-clear cell RCC, is still unclear. AIM To evaluate the prognostic impact of Trop2 expression in a large cohort of patients with chromophobe (ch)RCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients who underwent renal surgery due to chRCC were retrospectively evaluated. Tumor specimen were analyzed for Trop2 expression by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS 81 chRCC patients were eligible for analysis, of these 24 (29.6%) patients were positive for Trop2. No significant associations were found for Trop2 expression and clinical attributes in patients with chRCC. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no differences in 5-year overall survival for Trop2- compared to Trop2+ (89.6% versus 100.0%; p=0.288). CONCLUSION In chRCC Trop2 expression is not associated with survival and other parameters of aggressiveness. Due to the rare incidence of chRCC further studies with larger cohorts are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Mikuteit
- Department for Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Steffens
- Department for Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Zschäbitz
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center of Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Autenrieth
- Department of Urology, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute for Pathology and Pathological Anatomy, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Member of the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Erlmeier
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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20
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TROP2 Expression in Sebaceous and Sweat Gland Carcinoma. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030607. [PMID: 35160059 PMCID: PMC8836355 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sebaceous carcinoma and sweat gland carcinoma (malignant tumors with apocrine and eccrine differentiation) are rare malignant skin adnexal tumors that differentiate toward sebaceous gland and eccrine and apocrine glands, respectively. Owing to the rarity of these carcinomas, standard treatments for advanced disease have not been established. Because the prognosis of patients with systemic metastasis is poor, a new treatment for these diseases is eagerly desired. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) and sacituzumab govitecan, an antibody–drug conjugate of TROP2, have attracted attention in the treatment of various solid tumors. In the current study, we immunohistochemically investigated TROP2 expression in 14 sebaceous carcinoma and 18 sweat gland carcinoma samples and found strong and relatively homogeneous TROP2 staining in both cancer types. The mean Histoscore, a semi-quantitative scoring ranging from 0 (negative) to 300, was 265.5 in sebaceous carcinoma and 260.0 in sweat gland carcinoma. These observations directly suggest that both sebaceous carcinoma and sweat gland carcinoma could be potentially treated with TROP2-targeted antibody–drug conjugates such as sacituzumab govitecan.
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21
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Pavone G, Motta L, Martorana F, Motta G, Vigneri P. A New Kid on the Block: Sacituzumab Govitecan for the Treatment of Breast Cancer and Other Solid Tumors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237294. [PMID: 34885875 PMCID: PMC8659286 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) is a membrane glycoprotein involved in cell proliferation and motility, frequently overexpressed in epithelial tumors. Thus, it represents an attractive target for anticancer therapies. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is a third-generation antibody-drug conjugate, consisting of an anti-Trop-2 monoclonal antibody (hRS7), a hydrolyzable linker, and a cytotoxin (SN38), which inhibits topoisomerase 1. Specific pharmacological features, such as the high antibody to payload ratio, the ultra-toxic nature of SN38, and the capacity to kill surrounding tumor cells (the bystander effect), make SG a very promising drug for cancer treatment. Indeed, unprecedented results have been observed with SG in patients with heavily pretreated advanced triple-negative breast cancer and urothelial carcinomas, and the drug has already received approval for these indications. These results are coupled with a manageable toxicity profile, with neutropenia and diarrhea as the most frequent adverse events, mainly of grades 1-2. While several trials are exploring SG activity in different tumor types and settings, potential biomarkers of response are under investigation. Among these, Trop-2 overexpression and the presence of BRCA1/2 mutations seem to be the most promising. We review the available literature concerning SG, with a focus on its toxicity spectrum and possible biomarkers of its response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Pavone
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-S.Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.P.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (P.V.)
- Medical Oncology Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-S.Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Motta
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-S.Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.P.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (P.V.)
- Medical Oncology Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-S.Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-3781959
| | - Federica Martorana
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-S.Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.P.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (P.V.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Motta
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-S.Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.P.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (P.V.)
- Medical Oncology Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-S.Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-S.Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.P.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (P.V.)
- Medical Oncology Unit, A.O.U. Policlinico “G.Rodolico-S.Marco”, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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22
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Baek G, Jung L, Duong A, Gralow J. Case report of sacituzumab govitecan-hziy-induced neutropenia in a patient with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer and a uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1 poor metabolizer genotype. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2021; 28:710-716. [PMID: 34761708 DOI: 10.1177/10781552211057486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy, approved in 2020 for treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, provides a new option for a population with a historically poor prognosis with standard chemotherapy. Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1 poor metabolizers are at increased risk for profound neutropenia. This case discusses clinical implications of the uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1*28/*28 genotype in patients receiving sacituzumab govitecan-hziy. CASE REPORT A 38-year-old otherwise healthy pre-menopausal female of South Asian descent was diagnosed with non-metastatic, hormone receptor-positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer. This was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and multiple lines of subsequent therapies. Upon finding bone metastasis, an additional six lines of therapy ensued. In total, 3.5 years post-diagnosis, sacituzumab govitecan-hziy was started for disease transformation to triple-negative status. MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy was initiated at the Food and Drug Administration-approved 10 mg/kg/dose on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. Grade 4 neutropenia occurred after one dose. Pharmacogenomics testing identified the patient as a uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1*28 homozygous expressor. Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy was dose-reduced, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was administered due to the severity of neutropenia. The patient continued on sacituzumab govitecan-hziy until disease progression. DISCUSSION Sacituzumab govitecan-hziy's propensity to cause neutropenia is multifactorial. Although incidence of all-grade neutropenia from sacituzumab govitecan-hziy is elevated for uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1*28 homozygous expressors, this does not translate to increased risk for febrile neutropenia. Detailed guidance is lacking regarding empiric dose adjustments or prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for these patients.1 Currently, pre-sacituzumab govitecan-hziy pharmacogenomics testing to identify uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1 poor metabolizers is not recommended, and the cost-effectiveness of this approach is unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Baek
- 7275Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA, USA.,University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lindsey Jung
- 7275Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Julie Gralow
- 7275Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA, USA.,University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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23
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Pei M, Liu T, Ouyang L, Sun J, Deng X, Sun X, Wu W, Huang P, Chen YL, Tan X, Liu X, Zhu P, Liu Y, Wang D, Wu J, Wang Q, Wang G, Gong L, Qin Q, Wang C. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for quantification of MMAE-Conjugated ADCs and total antibodies in cynomolgus monkey sera. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:645-652. [PMID: 36105165 PMCID: PMC9463470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are commonly heterogeneous and require extensive assessment of exposure-efficacy and exposure-safety relationships in preclinical and clinical studies. In this study, we report the generation of a monoclonal antibody against monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) and the development, validation, and application of sensitive and high-throughput enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to measure the concentrations of MMAE-conjugated ADCs and total antibodies (tAb, antibodies in ADC plus unconjugated antibodies) in cynomolgus monkey sera. These assays were successfully applied to in vitro plasma stability and pharmacokinetic (PK) studies of SMADC001, an MMAE-conjugated ADC against trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP-2). The plasma stability of SMADC001 was better than that of similar ADCs coupled with PEG4-Val-Cit, Lys (m-dPEG24)-Cit, and Val-Cit linkers. The developed ELISA methods for the calibration standards of ADC and tAb revealed a correlation between serum concentrations and the OD450 values, with R2 at 1.000, and the dynamic range was 0.3–35.0 ng/mL and 0.2–22.0 ng/mL, respectively; the intra- and inter-assay accuracy bias% ranged from −12.2% to −5.2%, precision ranged from −12.4% to −1.4%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was less than 6.6% and 8.7%, respectively. The total error was less than 20.4%. The development and validation steps of these two assays met the acceptance criteria for all addressed validation parameters, which suggested that these can be applied to quantify MMAE-conjugated ADCs, as well as in PK studies. Furthermore, these assays can be easily adopted for development of other similar immunoassays. A specific monoclonal antibody against MMAE was generated via hybridoma technology. ELISA was used to quantify MMAE-ADCs with a calibration range of 0.5–35 ng/mL. ELISA was used to quantify total antibodies with a calibration range of 0.6–22 ng/mL. Pharmacokinetic profiles of SMADC001 in cynomolgus monkeys were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Pei
- Biotherapeutics Discovery Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lu Ouyang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jianhua Sun
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaojie Deng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Biotherapeutics Discovery Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi-Li Chen
- Research and Development Center, Dartsbio Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528400, China
| | - Xiaorong Tan
- Biotherapeutics Discovery Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaoyue Liu
- Biotherapeutics Discovery Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yongzhen Liu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Deheng Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Junliang Wu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Biotherapeutics Discovery Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Guifeng Wang
- Biotherapeutics Discovery Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Likun Gong
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528400, China
- Corresponding author. Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Qiuping Qin
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Chunhe Wang
- Biotherapeutics Discovery Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Research and Development Center, Dartsbio Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528400, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Corresponding author. Biotherapeutics Discovery Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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24
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Aslan M, Hsu EC, Garcia-Marques FJ, Bermudez A, Liu S, Shen M, West M, Zhang CA, Rice MA, Brooks JD, West R, Pitteri SJ, Győrffy B, Stoyanova T. Oncogene-mediated metabolic gene signature predicts breast cancer outcome. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:141. [PMID: 34711841 PMCID: PMC8553750 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the second most lethal cancer among women in the United States and triple-negative breast cancer is the most aggressive subtype with limited treatment options. Trop2, a cell membrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in almost all epithelial cancers. In this study, we demonstrate that Trop2 is overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and downregulation of Trop2 delays TNBC cell and tumor growth supporting the oncogenic role of Trop2 in breast cancer. Through proteomic profiling, we discovered a metabolic signature comprised of TALDO1, GPI, LDHA, SHMT2, and ADK proteins that were downregulated in Trop2-depleted breast cancer tumors. The identified oncogene-mediated metabolic gene signature is significantly upregulated in TNBC patients across multiple RNA-expression clinical datasets. Our study further reveals that the metabolic gene signature reliably predicts poor survival of breast cancer patients with early stages of the disease. Taken together, our study identified a new five-gene metabolic signature as an accurate predictor of breast cancer outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Aslan
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - En-Chi Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fernando J Garcia-Marques
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Abel Bermudez
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shiqin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Shen
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Meredith West
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Meghan A Rice
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James D Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert West
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sharon J Pitteri
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Magyar Tudósok Körútja, 1094, Budapest, Hungary
- Semmelweis University, Department of Bioinformatics and 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Tüzoltó Utca 7-9, 1094, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tanya Stoyanova
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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25
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Singh D, Dheer D, Samykutty A, Shankar R. Antibody drug conjugates in gastrointestinal cancer: From lab to clinical development. J Control Release 2021; 340:1-34. [PMID: 34673122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are one the fastest growing biotherapeutics in oncology and are still in their infancy in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer for clinical applications to improve patient survival. The ADC based approach is developed with tumor specific antigen, antibody carrying cytotoxic agents to precisely target and deliver chemotherapeutics at the tumor site. To date, 11 ADCs have been approved by US-FDA, and more than 80 are in the clinical development phase for different oncological indications. However, The ADCs based therapies in GI cancers are still far from having high-efficient clinical outcomes. The limited success of these ADCs and lessons learned from the past are now being used to develop a newer generation of ADC against GI cancers. In this review, we did a comprehensive assessment of the key components of ADCs, including tumor marker, antibody, cytotoxic payload, and linkage strategy, with a focus on technical improvement and some future trends in the pipeline for clinical translation. The various preclinical and clinical ADCs used in gastrointestinal malignancies, their target, composition and bioconjugation, along with preclinical and clinical outcomes, are discussed. The emphasis is also given to new generation ADCs employing novel mAb, payload, linker, and bioconjugation methods are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davinder Singh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Divya Dheer
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Abhilash Samykutty
- Stephenson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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26
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Liu H, Bai L, Huang L, Ning N, Li L, Li Y, Dong X, Du Q, Xia M, Chen Y, Zhao L, Li Y, Meng Q, Wang J, Duan Y, Ming J, Yuan AQ, Yang XP. Bispecific antibody targeting TROP2xCD3 suppresses tumor growth of triple negative breast cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-003468. [PMID: 34599021 PMCID: PMC8488747 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancers with poor prognosis and targeted drug therapies are limited. To develop novel and efficacious therapies for TNBC, we developed a bispecific antibody F7AK3 that recognizes both trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) and CD3 and evaluated its antitumor activities both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The binding affinities of F7AK3 to the two targets, TROP2 and CD3, were evaluated by surface plasmon resonance. Binding of F7AK3 to TNBC cells and T cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Immunofluorescent staining was performed to demonstrate the interactions between T cells with TNBC cells. The cytotoxicity of T cells against TNBC cell lines and primary tumor cells mediated by F7AK3 were determined in vitro. In vivo antitumor activity of F7AK3 was investigated in a xenograft TNBC tumor model, using immunodeficient mice that were reconstituted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS We demonstrated that F7AK3 binds specifically to human TROP2 and CD3 antigens, as well as TNBC cell lines and primary tumor cells. Human T cells can only be activated by F7AK3 in the presence of target tumor cells. F7AK3 recruits T cells to TROP2+ tumor cells in vitro and into tumor tissues in vivo. Antitumor growth activity of F7AK3 is observed in a xenograft TNBC tumor model. CONCLUSION This study showed the antitumor potential of an anti-TROP2xCD3 bispecific antibody F7AK3 to TNBC tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. These data demonstrate that F7AK3 has the potential to treat TNBC patients, which warrants further preclinical and clinical evaluation of the F7AK3 in advanced or metastatic TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huicheng Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lili Bai
- Excyte Biopharma Ltd, Beijing, Haidian Dist, China
| | - Liu Huang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Na Ning
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yijia Li
- Excyte Biopharma Ltd, Beijing, Haidian Dist, China
| | - Xuejiao Dong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiuyang Du
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Minghui Xia
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yufei Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Likun Zhao
- Excyte Biopharma Ltd, Beijing, Haidian Dist, China
| | - Yanhu Li
- Excyte Biopharma Ltd, Beijing, Haidian Dist, China
| | - Qingwu Meng
- Excyte Biopharma Ltd, Beijing, Haidian Dist, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqi Duan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Ming
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Xiang-Ping Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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27
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Omori S, Muramatsu K, Kawata T, Miyawaki E, Miyawaki T, Mamesaya N, Kawamura T, Kobayashi H, Nakashima K, Wakuda K, Ono A, Kenmotsu H, Naito T, Murakami H, Sugino T, Takahashi T. Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 expression in lung cancer patients and the effects of anti-cancer treatments. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 148:2455-2463. [PMID: 34533624 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is expressed on the surface of trophoblast cells and many malignant tumor cells. However, data on TROP2 expression in advanced lung cancer are insufficient, and its changes have not been fully evaluated. METHODS We assessed the prevalence and changes in TROP2 expression in patients with lung cancer who received anti-cancer treatments using immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis with an anti-TROP2 antibody (clone: SP295). IHC scores were graded from 0 to 3; grade ≥ 2 was considered positive for TROP2 expression. We defined a difference in IHC score, before and after anti-cancer treatments, as the change in TROP2 expression. RESULTS Before anti-cancer treatment, TROP2 expression was observed in 89% (143/160) of the patients and was significantly more common in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma than in neuroendocrine carcinoma (P < 0.001). After anti-cancer treatment, TROP2 expression was observed in 87% (139/160) of the patients. The distribution of TROP2 expression in post-treatment samples was analogous to that in pre-treatment samples when compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P = 0.509). However, an increase in TROP2 expression was seen in 19 (12%), and a decrease in 20 (13%) patients. Patients treated with targeted therapy showed significantly higher changes in TROP2 expression (P = 0.019) and thoracic radiotherapy was more likely to increase TROP2 expression than chemotherapy alone. CONCLUSION Although some anti-cancer treatments might alter the TROP2 expression, TROP2 was expressed in most lung cancer specimens before and after anti-cancer treatments. These results support the development of TROP2-directed therapy against advanced lung cancer in various treatment lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Omori
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Koji Muramatsu
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takuya Kawata
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Eriko Miyawaki
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Taichi Miyawaki
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Mamesaya
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kawamura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruki Kobayashi
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Nakashima
- Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kazushige Wakuda
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Ono
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Tateaki Naito
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Murakami
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugino
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
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Tagawa ST, Balar AV, Petrylak DP, Kalebasty AR, Loriot Y, Fléchon A, Jain RK, Agarwal N, Bupathi M, Barthelemy P, Beuzeboc P, Palmbos P, Kyriakopoulos CE, Pouessel D, Sternberg CN, Hong Q, Goswami T, Itri LM, Grivas P. TROPHY-U-01: A Phase II Open-Label Study of Sacituzumab Govitecan in Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Progressing After Platinum-Based Chemotherapy and Checkpoint Inhibitors. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:2474-2485. [PMID: 33929895 PMCID: PMC8315301 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.03489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) who progress on platinum-based combination chemotherapy (PLT) and checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have limited options that offer objective response rates (ORRs) of approximately 10% with a median overall survival (OS) of 7-8 months. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is a TROP-2-directed antibody-drug conjugate with an SN-38 payload that has shown preliminary activity in mUC. METHODS TROPHY-U-01 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03547973) is a multicohort, open-label, phase II, registrational study. Cohort 1 includes patients with locally advanced or unresectable or mUC who had progressed after prior PLT and CPI. Patients received SG 10 mg/kg on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles. The primary outcome was centrally reviewed ORR; secondary outcomes were progression-free survival, OS, duration of response, and safety. RESULTS Cohort 1 included 113 patients (78% men; median age, 66 years; 66.4% visceral metastases; median of three [range, 1-8] prior therapies). At a median follow-up of 9.1 months, the ORR was 27% (31 of 113; 95% CI, 19.5 to 36.6); 77% had decrease in measurable disease. Median duration of response was 7.2 months (95% CI, 4.7 to 8.6 months), with median progression-free survival and OS of 5.4 months (95% CI, 3.5 to 7.2 months) and 10.9 months (95% CI, 9.0 to 13.8 months), respectively. Key grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events included neutropenia (35%), leukopenia (18%), anemia (14%), diarrhea (10%), and febrile neutropenia (10%), with 6% discontinuing treatment because of treatment-related adverse events. CONCLUSION SG is an active drug with a manageable safety profile with most common toxicities of neutropenia and diarrhea. SG has notable efficacy compared with historical controls in pretreated mUC that has progressed on both prior PLT regimens and CPI. The results from this study supported accelerated approval of SG in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arjun V. Balar
- Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Yohann Loriot
- Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Rohit K. Jain
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | - Philippe Barthelemy
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg/Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Phillip Palmbos
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Damien Pouessel
- Institut Claudius Regaud/Cancer Comprehensive Center, IUCT, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Quan Hong
- Immunomedics, a subsidiary of Gilead Sciences, Inc, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Trishna Goswami
- Immunomedics, a subsidiary of Gilead Sciences, Inc, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Loretta M. Itri
- Immunomedics, a subsidiary of Gilead Sciences, Inc, Morris Plains, NJ
| | - Petros Grivas
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA
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29
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Ito T, Tanegashima K, Tanaka Y, Hashimoto H, Murata M, Oda Y, Kaku-Ito Y. Trop2 Expression in Extramammary Paget's Disease and Normal Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147706. [PMID: 34299325 PMCID: PMC8304908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare skin cancer arising in the apocrine gland-rich areas. Most EMPD tumors are dormant, but metastatic lesions are associated with poor outcomes owing to the lack of effective systemic therapies. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2), a surface glycoprotein, has drawn attention as a potential therapeutic target for solid tumors. Sacituzumab govitecan, an antibody-drug conjugate of Trop2, has recently entered clinical use for the treatment of various solid cancers. However, little is known about the role of Trop2 in EMPD. In this study, we immunohistochemically examined Trop2 expression in 116 EMPD tissue samples and 10 normal skin tissues. In normal skin, Trop2 was expressed in the epidermal keratinocytes, inner root sheaths, and infundibulum/isthmus epithelium of hair follicles, eccrine/apocrine glands, and sebaceous glands. Most EMPD tissues exhibited homogeneous and strong Trop2 expression, and high Trop2 expression was significantly associated with worse disease-free survival (p = 0.0343). These results suggest the potential use of Trop2-targeted therapy for EMPD and improve our understanding of the skin-related adverse effects of current Trop2-targeted therapies such as sacituzumab govitecan.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Apocrine Glands/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Camptothecin/analogs & derivatives
- Camptothecin/pharmacology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/biosynthesis
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
- Hair Follicle/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunoconjugates/pharmacology
- Keratinocytes/metabolism
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Paget Disease, Extramammary/drug therapy
- Paget Disease, Extramammary/genetics
- Paget Disease, Extramammary/metabolism
- Paget Disease, Extramammary/pathology
- Sebaceous Glands/metabolism
- Skin/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamichi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.T.); (Y.T.); (H.H.); (M.M.); (Y.K.-I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5585
| | - Keiko Tanegashima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.T.); (Y.T.); (H.H.); (M.M.); (Y.K.-I.)
| | - Yuka Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.T.); (Y.T.); (H.H.); (M.M.); (Y.K.-I.)
| | - Hiroki Hashimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.T.); (Y.T.); (H.H.); (M.M.); (Y.K.-I.)
| | - Maho Murata
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.T.); (Y.T.); (H.H.); (M.M.); (Y.K.-I.)
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Yumiko Kaku-Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.T.); (Y.T.); (H.H.); (M.M.); (Y.K.-I.)
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30
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Wang Z, Jia L, sun Y, Li C, Zhang L, Wang X, Chen H. CORO1C is Associated With Poor Prognosis and Promotes Metastasis Through PI3K/AKT Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:682594. [PMID: 34179087 PMCID: PMC8223509 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.682594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (Trop2) is one of the cancer-related proteins that plays a vital role in biological aggressiveness and poor prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The study of the Trop2 related network is helpful for us to understand the mechanism of tumorigenesis. However, the effects of the related proteins interacting with Trop2 in CRC remain unclear. Here, we found that coronin-like actin-binding protein 1C (CORO1C) could interact with Trop2 and the expression of CORO1C in CRC tissues was higher than that in paracarcinoma tissues. The expression of CORO1C was associated with histological type, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, AJCC stage, venous invasion, and perineural invasion. The correlation between CORO1C expression and clinical characteristics was analyzed demonstrating that high CORO1C expression in CRC patients were associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, CORO1C knockdown could decrease the cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. The underlying mechanisms were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified by Western blotting. We found that PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was significantly inhibited by CORO1C knockdown and the tuomr-promoting role of CORO1C was leastwise partly mediated by PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Thus, CORO1C may be a valuable prognostic biomarker and drug target in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxia Wang
- Cancer Center, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, China
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Cancer Center, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, China
- Department of Pathology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yushu sun
- Department of Oncology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Cancer Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Chunli Li
- Cancer Center, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiangcheng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Molecular Imaging, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Ashrafizadeh M, Yaribeygi H, Sahebkar A. Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin against Bladder Cancer: A Review of Possible Molecular Pathways. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:667-677. [PMID: 32013836 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200203143803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There are concerns about the increased incidence of cancer both in developing and developed countries. In spite of recent progress in cancer therapy, this disease is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Consequently, there have been rigorous attempts to improve cancer therapy by looking at nature as a rich source of naturally occurring anti-tumor drugs. Curcumin is a well-known plant-derived polyphenol found in turmeric. This compound has numerous pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anti-tumor properties. Curcumin is capable of suppressing the growth of a variety of cancer cells including those of bladder cancer. Given the involvement of various signaling pathways such as PI3K, Akt, mTOR and VEGF in the progression and malignancy of bladder cancer, and considering the potential of curcumin in targeting signaling pathways, it seems that curcumin can be considered as a promising candidate in bladder cancer therapy. In the present review, we describe the molecular signaling pathways through which curcumin inhibits invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Habib Yaribeygi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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32
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Kumar D, Patel SA, Hassan MK, Mohapatra N, Pattanaik N, Dixit M. Reduced IQGAP2 expression promotes EMT and inhibits apoptosis by modulating the MEK-ERK and p38 signaling in breast cancer irrespective of ER status. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:389. [PMID: 33846302 PMCID: PMC8041781 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
IQGAP2, a member of the IQGAP family, functions as a tumor suppressor in most of the cancers. Unlike IQGAP1 and IQGAP3, which function as oncogenes in breast cancer, the role of IQGAP2 is still unexplored. Here we report a reduced expression of IQGAP2, which was associated with lymph node positivity, lymphovascular invasion, and higher age in breast cancer patients. We found an inverse correlation of IQGAP2 expression levels with oncogenic properties of breast cancer cell lines in estrogen receptor (ER) independent manner. IQGAP2 expression enhanced apoptosis via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-P38-p53 pathway and reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a MEK-ERK-dependent manner. IQGAP2-IQGAP1 ratio correlated negatively with phospho-ERK levels in breast cancer patients. Pull-down assay showed interaction of IQGAP1 and IQGAP2. IQGAP2 overexpression rescued, IQGAP1-mediated ERK activation, suggesting the possibility of IQGAP1 sequestration by IQGAP2. IQGAP2 depletion, in a tumor xenograft model, increased tumor volume, tumor weight, and phospho-ERK expression. Overall, our findings suggest that IQGAP2 is negatively associated with proliferative and metastatic abilities of breast cancer cells. Suppression of IQGAP1-mediated ERK activation is a possible route via which IQGAP2 restricts oncogenic properties of breast cancer cells. Our study highlights the candidature of IQGAP2 as a potent target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Saket Awadesbhai Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Md Khurshidul Hassan
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Nachiketa Mohapatra
- Apollo Hospitals, Plot No. 251, Old Sainik School Road, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 750015, India
| | - Niharika Pattanaik
- AMRI Hospital, Plot No. 1, Near Jayadev Vatika Park, Khandagiri, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751019, India
| | - Manjusha Dixit
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, HBNI, P.O. Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India.
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33
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Zheng WP, Huang FY, Dai SZ, Wang JY, Lin YY, Sun Y, Tan GH, Huang YH. Toxicarioside O Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Downregulation of Trop2 in Lung Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 10:609275. [PMID: 33614493 PMCID: PMC7891104 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.609275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxicarioside O (TCO), a natural product derived from Antiaris toxicaria, has been identified to be a promising anticancer agent. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of TCO on the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lung cancer cells and its molecular mechanisms. Here, we indicated that TCO inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrated that TCO induces apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Moreover, we found that TCO suppresses EMT program and inhibits cell migration in vitro. Mechanistically, TCO decreases the expression of trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2), resulting in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway and EMT program. Overexpression of Trop2 rescues TCO-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and EMT. Our findings demonstrate that TCO markedly inhibits cell proliferation and EMT in lung cancer cells and provides guidance for its drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Ping Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Feng-Ying Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Dai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Jin-Yan Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Yan Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Guang-Hong Tan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, China
| | - Yong-Hao Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, China
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34
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Akarken İ, Dere Y. Could trop-2 overexpression indicate tumor aggressiveness among prostatic adenocarcinomas? Ann Diagn Pathol 2020; 50:151680. [PMID: 33341704 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2020.151680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TROP-2, a novel marker of trophoblastic cells, is being widely analyzed for its possible role in carcinogenesis and clinical behavior of various carcinomas. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between clinicopathologic parameters and TROP2 expression in prostatic adenocarcinomas. METHODS 101 prostatic adenocarcinomas treated by radical prostatectomy in our hospital between 2013 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively for histopathological features, and one representative block of each case was stained with TROP2 antibody. Histopathologic prognostic features were assessed for their relationship with TROP2 expression. RESULTS The mean age was found as 64.11 year. TROP2 was stained in over 10% of the tumoral cells in 64 (63.4.%) cases. Gleason grade group, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, ganglionic and seminal vesicle involvement, lateral and basal surgical margin positivity showed a significant relationship with TROP2 staining. CONCLUSION TROP2 is overexpressed in various human cancers and TROP2 overexpression appears to correlate with poor prognosis leading to the suggestion that TROP2 could be a therapeutic target for various carcinomas. Our results suggest that TROP2 expression is higher in advanced tumors and these results need to be supported by larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlker Akarken
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Turkey
| | - Yelda Dere
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Turkey.
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35
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Diagnostic Value of TROP2 Expression in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 29:218-222. [PMID: 33264108 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) represents the most common primary malignant thyroid lesion in all age groups. As diagnosis of PTC could be challenging in some cases and borderline nuclear features could be seen in some benign mimickers, several immunohistochemical markers are proposed to be helpful for making the correct diagnosis. In this study the authors investigated the diagnostic value of transmembrane glycoprotein (TROP2) for differentiating PTC from other thyroid follicular lesions. A total of 155 total thyroidectomy specimens including 84 cases of PTC and 71 cases of non-PTC were investigated. Among non-PTC group, 45 cases were follicular neoplasms and 26 cases were Hashimoto thyroiditis. TROP2 expression was observed in 82 of 84 cases of PTC group. In contrast only 5 cases of non-PTC group, all from Hashimoto thyroiditis specimens, showed positive expression. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of TROP2 for diagnosis of PTC was 98%, 93%, 94%, and 97%, respectively. The authors concluded that high sensitivity and specificity of TROP2 as well as its uniform negative reaction in follicular adenoma and carcinoma makes it a valuable immunohistochemical marker for diagnosis of PTC.
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36
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Lenárt S, Lenárt P, Šmarda J, Remšík J, Souček K, Beneš P. Trop2: Jack of All Trades, Master of None. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3328. [PMID: 33187148 PMCID: PMC7696911 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) is a widely expressed glycoprotein and an epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) family member. Although initially identified as a transmembrane protein, other subcellular localizations and processed forms were described. Its congenital mutations cause a gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy, a disease characterized by loss of barrier function in corneal epithelial cells. Trop2 is considered a stem cell marker and its expression associates with regenerative capacity in various tissues. Trop2 overexpression was described in tumors of different origins; however, functional studies revealed both oncogenic and tumor suppressor roles. Nevertheless, therapeutic potential of Trop2 was recognized and clinical studies with drug-antibody conjugates have been initiated in various cancer types. One of these agents, sacituzumab govitecan, has been recently granted an accelerated approval for therapy of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. In this article, we review the current knowledge about the yet controversial function of Trop2 in homeostasis and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sára Lenárt
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
| | - Peter Lenárt
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Šmarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
| | - Ján Remšík
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Karel Souček
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beneš
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (S.L.); (P.L.); (J.Š.); (K.S.)
- Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
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37
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Nagahara Y, Tsujikawa M, Koto R, Uesugi K, Sato S, Kawasaki S, Maruyama K, Nishida K. Corneal Opacity Induced by Light in a Mouse Model of Gelatinous Drop-Like Corneal Dystrophy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:2330-2342. [PMID: 33011110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy (GDLD) is a severe inherited corneal dystrophy characterized by subepithelial corneal amyloid deposition. We had previously succeeded in identifying the responsible gene, TACSTD2, and subsequently found that the epithelial barrier function is significantly decreased. As with GDLD patients, the knockout mice showed severe loss of tight junction, progressive opacity, and neovascularization in the cornea. We devised an easy method to confirm the loss of the corneal barrier function even before corneal opacity is observed. Furthermore, by using knockout mice, we were able to verify clinical findings, such as the wound healing delay and light-induced acceleration of the disease. This mouse model should prove to be a highly useful tool for investigating the pathology of GDLD and for developing new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Nagahara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Motokazu Tsujikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Ryota Koto
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Uesugi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Menicon Co., Kasugai, Japan
| | - Shigeru Sato
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kawasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Maruyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kohji Nishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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38
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Riera KM, Jang B, Min J, Roland JT, Yang Q, Fesmire WT, Camilleri-Broet S, Ferri L, Kim WH, Choi E, Goldenring JR. Trop2 is upregulated in the transition to dysplasia in the metaplastic gastric mucosa. J Pathol 2020; 251:336-347. [PMID: 32432338 PMCID: PMC8010636 DOI: 10.1002/path.5469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma arises in a field of pre-existing metaplasia. While biomarkers of cancer and metaplasia have been identified, the definition of dysplastic transition as a critical point in the evolution of cancer has remained obscure. We have evaluated Trop2 as a putative marker of the transition from metaplasia to dysplasia in the stomach in multiple mouse models of metaplasia induction and progression. In addition, TROP2 expression was evaluated in human samples by immunostaining tissue microarrays for metaplasia, dysplasia, and gastric cancer. Dysplastic mouse organoids were evaluated in vitro following shRNA knockdown of Trop2 expression. In mouse models, no Trop2 was observed in the normal corpus and Trop2 was not induced in acute models of metaplasia induction with either L635 or DMP-777. In Mist1-Kras mice, Trop2 expression was not observed in metaplasia at 1 month after Kras induction, but was observed in dysplastic glands at 3-4 months after Kras induction. In human tissues, no Trop2 was observed in normal corpus mucosa or SPEM, but Trop2 expression was observed in incomplete intestinal metaplasia, with significantly less expression in complete intestinal metaplasia. Trop2 expression was observed in all dysplastic and 84% of gastric cancer lesions, although expression levels were variable. Dysplastic mouse organoids from Mist1-Kras mice expressed Trop2 strongly. Knockdown of Trop2 with shRNA markedly reduced organoid growth and budding behavior, and induced the upregulation of apical villin expression. We conclude that Trop2 is upregulated in the transition to dysplasia in the stomach and promotes dysplastic cell behaviors. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Riera
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Bogun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jimin Min
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Joseph T. Roland
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Institute of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - William T. Fesmire
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | | | - Lorenzo Ferri
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Woo Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Choi
- Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - James R. Goldenring
- Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
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39
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Tan F, Chen X, Zhang H, Yuan J, Sun C, Xu F, Huang L, Zhang X, Guan H, Chen Z, Wang C, Fan S, Zeng L, Ma X, Ye W, He W, Lu P, Petritis B, Huang RP, Yang Z. Differences in serum proteins in traditional Chinese medicine constitutional population: Analysis and verification. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:547-557. [PMID: 32248572 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.6vma0220-663rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine assigns individuals into different categories called "constitutions" to help guide the clinical treatment according to subjective physiologic, psychologic analyses, large-scale clinical observations, and epidemiologic studies. To further explore more objective expressions of constitutions, antibody microarrays were used to analyze the serologic protein profiles of two different constitutions, a balanced (or healthy) constitution (BC) and the dampness constitution (DC) comprising phlegm-dampness and damp-heat constitutions. The profiles of changing constitutions across time were also analyzed. Nineteen differentially expressed proteins between the two groups were identified, with known biologic functions involved in immunity and inflammation. This proteomic study may provide a biologic explanation why the BC is different than the dampness constitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Second Clinical Medicine Collage, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huihua Zhang
- South China Biochip Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,RayBiotech, Inc., Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huahua Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Second Clinical Medicine Collage, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Second Clinical Medicine Collage, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Second Clinical Medicine Collage, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Second Clinical Medicine Collage, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- The 8th People's Hospital of Nanhai District, Foshan, China
| | - Weicheng Ye
- The 8th People's Hospital of Nanhai District, Foshan, China
| | - Weitong He
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanhai District of Foshan City, Foshan, China
| | - Peixia Lu
- Xiqiao town Community Health Service Center, Foshan, China
| | | | - Ruo-Pan Huang
- South China Biochip Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,RayBiotech, Inc., Guangzhou, China.,RayBiotech Life, Inc., Peachtree Corners, Georgia, USA
| | - Zhimin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Second Clinical Medicine Collage, Guangzhou, China
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40
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Xu L, Shao Y, Ren L, Liu X, Li Y, Xu J, Ye Y. IQGAP2 Inhibits Migration and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells via Elevating SHIP2 Phosphatase Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061968. [PMID: 32183047 PMCID: PMC7139352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown reduced expression of Src homology 2-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) and its tumor-suppressive role in gastric cancer (GC). However, the precise role of SHIP2 in the migration and invasion of GC cells remains unclear. Here, an IQ motif containing the GTPase-activating protein 2 (IQGAP2) as a SHIP2 binding partner, was screened and identified by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry studies. While IQGAP2 ubiquitously expressed in GC cells, IQGAP2 and SHIP2 co-localized in the cytoplasm of GC cells, and this physical association was confirmed by the binding of IQGAP2 to PRD and SAM domains of SHIP2. The knockdown of either SHIP2 or IQGAP2 promoted cell migration and invasion by inhibiting SHIP2 phosphatase activity, activating Akt and subsequently increasing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, knockdown of IQGAP2 in SHIP2-overexpressing GC cells reversed the inhibition of cell migration and invasion by SHIP2 induction, which was associated with the suppression of elevated SHIP2 phosphatase activity. Moreover, the deletion of PRD and SAM domains of SHIP2 abrogated the interaction and restored cell migration and invasion. Collectively, these results indicate that IQGAP2 interacts with SHIP2, leading to the increment of SHIP2 phosphatase activity, and thereby inhibiting the migration and invasion of GC cells via the inactivation of Akt and reduction in EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Ye
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-551-65161139
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41
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Hao Y, Zhang D, Guo Y, Fu Z, Yu D, Guan G. miR-488-3p sponged by circ-0000495 and mediated upregulation of TROP2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma development. J Cancer 2020; 11:3375-3386. [PMID: 32231744 PMCID: PMC7097962 DOI: 10.7150/jca.40339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
TROP2 (trophoblast cell surface antigen 2) overexpression has been reported in many human cancers. The correlation between TROP2 and tumor aggressiveness has implied it could be a prognostic indicator. However, the roles of TROP2 and their underlying mechanisms remain of great interest in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) biology. In the current study, the prognostic significance of TROP2 in HNSCC archival samples was determined using immunohistochemistry. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the phenotypic effects of TROP2 knockdown, miR-488-3p re-expression, and circRNAs expression. Cell viability, migration/invasion as well as in vivo tumor formation assays were accessed. The interactions of miRNAs-TROP2 or circRNAs-miRNAs were determined by qRT-PCR, western blot analysis and luciferase assays. TROP2 was demonstrated overexpression in HNSCC patients and cancer cell lines. High expression of TROP2 was significantly associated with patient relapse. TROP2 promoted tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth, through AKT and MAPK pathways. Further investigation revealed that TROP2 is a direct target of miR-488-3p, while circ-0000495 bounds to miR-488-3p. Our study unraveled a novel mechanism by which down-regulation of miR-488-3p sponged by circ-0000495 releases its epigenetic silencing to TROP2. The increased TROP2 promotes tumor proliferation, therefore, providing evidence in support of targeting the circ-0000495/miR-488-3p/TROP2 axis in contributing to HNSCC therapy and preventing tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Dejun Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Yingyuan Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Zeming Fu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Duojiao Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Guofang Guan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
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42
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Sahin M, Yetim A, Ates F. The role of tacstd-2 level in hepatitis C patients (controlled clinical research). Libyan J Med 2019; 14:1622363. [PMID: 31146656 PMCID: PMC6567178 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2019.1622363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus is one of the leading causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (Tacstd-2) molecule is thought to be involved in the expression of a number of molecules that facilitate transport of hepatitis C into the cell. The aim of this study was to investigate Tacstd-2 concentrations in hepatitis C patients, with and without cirrhosis, and compare with uninfected controls. Sixty-one hepatitis C patients and twenty-nine control (hepatitis C antibody negative patients with dyspeptic complaints) cases were recruited between 2014 and 2016. Tacstd-2 concentrations in all hepatitis C and control patients were measured and compared. In addition, cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic hepatitis C patients were compared in terms of Tacstd-2 concentration, and comparison was made between patients with high and low concentrations of Tacstd-2. The mean Tacstd-2 concentration of patients with Hepatitis C was 691.2 ± 473.3 ng/U was significantly higher (p = 0.043) than in the healthy control group (524 ± 290.1 ng/U). Although the Tacstd-2 value was higher in cirrhotic than the non-cirrhotic patient group, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.78). Liver transferase concentrations were higher in hepatitis C patients with a Tacstd-2 concentration <500 ng/U compared to those with a Tacstd-2 concentration >500 ng/U. In patients with hepatitis C, Tacstd-2 level was detected at higher serum concentrations than healthy individuals. The introduction of hepatitis C virus into the cell can be relatively easy in people with a higher serum concentration of Tacstd-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Memduh Sahin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saglik Bilimleri University Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aylin Yetim
- Department of Adeloscent Health, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fehmi Ates
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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43
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Shriwash N, Singh P, Arora S, Ali SM, Ali S, Dohare R. Identification of differentially expressed genes in small and non-small cell lung cancer based on meta-analysis of mRNA. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01707. [PMID: 31338439 PMCID: PMC6580189 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has the lowest survival rate spread globally resulting in a large number of deaths. This is attributed to insufficient measures such as lack of early detection and chemoresistance in the patients. It can be subdivided into two histological groups: Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), which is most prevalent (85% of all lung cancers) but less destructive; and Small-Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC), which is intermittently metastatic and less prevalent (15% of all lung cancers). The present study deals with the analysis of gene expression of two subtypes to identify the Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). For this study, we selected two datasets from the Omnibus database, which included 50 non-small cell lung cancer samples, 31 small cell lung cancer samples, and 48 samples from normal lung tissue. After DEGs identification using the meta-analysis approach, they were then subjected to further analysis following p-value adjustment via the Benjamini-Hochberg method. We identified 440 overexpressed and 489 underexpressed genes in NSCLC, and 489 overexpressed and 525 underexpressed genes in SCLC, compared with normal lung tissues. Furthermore, we identified 3 overlapping genes between upregulated DEGs in NSCLC and downregulated DEGs in SCLC; and 8 overlapping genes between upregulated DEGs in SCLC and downregulated DEGs in NSCLC. Accordingly, a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network of the overlapping genes was generated, which contained a total of 261 genes, of which the top five were TRIM29, ANK3, CSTA, FGG, and AGR2. These five candidate genes reported herein may prove to be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Shriwash
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Natural Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Prithvi Singh
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Shweta Arora
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Syed Mansoor Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sher Ali
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
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44
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Zaman S, Jadid H, Denson AC, Gray JE. Targeting Trop-2 in solid tumors: future prospects. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1781-1790. [PMID: 30881031 PMCID: PMC6402435 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s162447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trop-2 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is upregulated in all cancer types independent of baseline levels of Trop-2 expression. Trop-2 is an ideal candidate for targeted therapeutics due to it being a transmembrane protein with an extracellular domain overexpressed on a wide variety of tumors as well as its upregulated expression relative to normal cells. As a result, several Trop-2-targeted therapeutics have recently been developed for clinical use, such as anti-Trop-2 antibodies and Trop-2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). Subsequently, multiple early-phase clinical trials have demonstrated safety and clinical benefit of Trop-2-based ADCs across multiple tumor types. This includes clinical benefit and tolerability in tumor types with limited treatment options, such as triple-negative breast cancer, platinum-resistant urothelial cancer, and small-cell lung cancer. In this review, we elaborate on all clinical trials involving Trop-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Zaman
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hassan Jadid
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA,
| | - Aaron C Denson
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA,
| | - Jhanelle E Gray
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA,
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45
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Oeyen E, Hoekx L, De Wachter S, Baldewijns M, Ameye F, Mertens I. Bladder Cancer Diagnosis and Follow-Up: The Current Status and Possible Role of Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040821. [PMID: 30769831 PMCID: PMC6412916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic methods currently used for bladder cancer are cystoscopy and urine cytology. Cystoscopy is an invasive tool and has low sensitivity for carcinoma in situ. Urine cytology is non-invasive, is a low-cost method, and has a high specificity but low sensitivity for low-grade urothelial tumors. Despite the search for urinary biomarkers for the early and non-invasive detection of bladder cancer, no biomarkers are used at the present in daily clinical practice. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recently studied as a promising source of biomarkers because of their role in intercellular communication and tumor progression. In this review, we give an overview of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved urine tests to detect bladder cancer and why their use is not widespread in clinical practice. We also include non-FDA approved urinary biomarkers in this review. We describe the role of EVs in bladder cancer and their possible role as biomarkers for the diagnosis and follow-up of bladder cancer patients. We review recently discovered EV-derived biomarkers for the diagnosis of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Oeyen
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium.
- Centre for Proteomics (CFP), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Lucien Hoekx
- Urology Department, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Stefan De Wachter
- Urology Department, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Marcella Baldewijns
- Pathological Anatomy Department, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Filip Ameye
- Urology Department, General Hospital Maria Middelares Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Inge Mertens
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium.
- Centre for Proteomics (CFP), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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46
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Peng J, Ou Q, Deng Y, Xiao B, Zhang L, Li J, Li Y, Wan D, Lu Z, Fang Y. TROP2 overexpression in colorectal liver oligometastases is associated with poor prognosis after liver resection. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919897543. [PMID: 35173815 PMCID: PMC8842308 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919897543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to assess trophoblast antigen protein 2 (TROP2)
expression in liver oligometastases and its prognostic value for colorectal
liver oligometastasis (CLO) patients undergoing liver resection. Methods: We retrospectively selected 129 consecutive CLO patients who underwent
curative liver resection between June 1999 and December 2016.
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to detect TROP2 expression in
paraffin-embedded specimens. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall
survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test,
and independent prognostic factors were identified with Cox regression
modeling. Results: TROP2 was expressed in 72.9% (94/129) of liver oligometastatic tissues. TROP2
expression in primary tumors and liver oligometastases was significantly
positively correlated (r = 0.758,
p < 0.001). Survival analysis indicated that CLO
patients with high TROP2 expression had worse 3-year RFS (44.2%
versus 66.4%, p = 0.007) and 3-year OS
rates (70.3% versus 85.4%, p = 0.035) than
did those with low TROP2 expression. Multivariate analysis indicated that
high TROP2 expression was independently associated with poor RFS [hazard
ratio (HR) = 2.017; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.198–3.396;
p = 0.023] and OS (HR = 2.090; 95% CI 1.037–4.214;
p = 0.039). Gene expression profile analysis indicated
that high TROP2 expression was associated with TNFα signaling
via NF-κB, the inflammatory response and
epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Conclusions: TROP2 overexpression was associated with an unfavorable oncologic prognosis
in patients with CLO undergoing liver resection. Detecting TROP2 expression
may be valuable for guiding postoperative treatment among CLO patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Peng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qingjian Ou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Deng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Binyi Xiao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jibin Li
- Department of Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yin Li
- Department Endoscopic and Laser Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Desen Wan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhai Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Fang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
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Abdou AG, Shabaan M, Abdallha R, Nabil N. Diagnostic Value of TROP-2 and CK19 Expression in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Both Surgical and Cytological Specimens. CLINICAL PATHOLOGY (THOUSAND OAKS, VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.) 2019; 12:2632010X19863047. [PMID: 31384753 PMCID: PMC6647210 DOI: 10.1177/2632010x19863047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) represents the most common primary malignant thyroid tumor and its diagnosis is dependent on the presence of classic nuclear features that are sometimes seen in some non-neoplastic and benign lesions. Several immunohistochemical markers are used individually or in combination to help in differentiation of PTC from mimickers. The aim of the current study was to assess the diagnostic value of TROP-2 and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) expression in differentiating PTC from other mimickers both singly and in combination. The current study was carried out on 77 surgical specimens (56 PTC and 21 non-neoplastic cases) and 12 cytological specimens (4 THY2, 6 THY4, and 2 THY5). TROP-2 was negative in 81% of non-neoplastic surgical specimens and in 100% of THY2 cytological specimens while it was positive in 71.4% of PTC surgical specimens and 100% of THY4/THY5 cytological specimens. Sensitivity and specificity of TROP-2 positive expression for diagnosis of PTC in surgical specimens reached 71% and 81%, respectively, while it reached 100% for both in cytological specimens. Cytokeratin 19 showed positive expression in 85.7% of non-neoplastic surgical specimens and in 92.9% of PTC surgical specimens. Cytokeratin 19 showed negative expression in 75% of Thy2 cases while it was positive in all studied Thy4 and Thy5 cases. Sensitivity and specificity of CK19 total estimated score for diagnosis of PTC in surgical specimens were 78.6% and 66.7%, respectively, while it reached 100% and 75% in cytological specimens. Positive TROP-2 and CK19 expression in PTC were associated with lymph node metastasis. TROP-2 is a specific rather than sensitive marker while CK19 is a sensitive rather than specific marker in differentiating PTC from other mimickers in surgical specimens. The diagnostic validity of both markers was superior in diagnosis of classic PTC compared with follicular variant PTC. TROP-2 is superior to CK19 in diagnosis of PTC in cytological specimens. Both TROP-2 and CK19 could be used preoperatively in adjunct to hematoxylin and eosin for more confident diagnosis of thyroid cytology and along with radiology as predictors of lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Gaber Abdou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebein Elkom, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Shabaan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebein Elkom, Egypt
| | - Rania Abdallha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebein Elkom, Egypt
| | - Nehal Nabil
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebein Elkom, Egypt
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Wang J, Sahengbieke S, Xu X, Zhang L, Xu X, Sun L, Deng Q, Wang D, Chen D, Pan Y, Liu Z, Yu S. Gene expression analyses identify a relationship between stanniocalcin 2 and the malignant behavior of colorectal cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:7155-7168. [PMID: 30425508 PMCID: PMC6203107 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s167780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2), a secreted glycoprotein, has been suggested to exert various functions in progression of many cancers. However, the precise biological role in CRC is not fully understood. Therefore, this study based on several public datasets aims at investigating the roles of STC2 in CRC. Methods We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to evaluate the STC2 expression and its clinical significance in CRC. Cell migration and invasion by STC2 overexpression and knockdown were assessed using Transwell migration and Matrigel invasion assays. We next performed RNAseq analysis on SW480 cells with or without STC2 overexpression. Differentially expressed genes were selected by using fold-change >5 and P-value <0.05. Results In this study, we found that STC2 level was significantly higher in CRC than that in adjacent noncancerous tissues from TCGA and GEO. Tumors with high mRNA levels of STC2 were more common in patients with rectal cancer, left-sided CRC, advanced T-stage (T3-T4), positive lymph node involvement and advanced AJCC-stage (III-IV) from TCGA. STC2 displayed the negative correlation with the expressions of epithelial cell markers, while it was positively correlated with the expressions of mesenchymal cell markers, MMPs and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related transcriptional factors. Furthermore, we found that STC2 promoted cell migration and invasion in vitro. And a group of differentially expressed genes, which were modulated by STC2, were identified from RNAseq analyses. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that STC2 is overexpressed in CRC compared with normal tissues, and promotes CRC cell migration and invasion. Our data suggest that STC2 may be used as a potential biomarker for clinical application and target therapy in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China,
| | - Sana Sahengbieke
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yuhang District First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yuhang District First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qun Deng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China,
| | - Da Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China,
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yuhang District First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Pan
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yuhang District First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yuhang District First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojun Yu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China,
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Leal AD, Krishnamurthy A, Head L, Messersmith WA. Antibody drug conjugates under investigation in phase I and phase II clinical trials for gastrointestinal cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2018; 27:901-916. [PMID: 30359534 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2018.1541085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a developing class of anticancer therapeutics which are designed to selectively deliver a cytotoxic payload to tumors, while limiting systemic toxicity to healthy tissues. There are several ADCs which are currently in various stages of clinical development for the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies. AREAS COVERED We discuss the biologic rationale and review the clinical experience with ADCs in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies, summarizing the pre-clinical and phase I/II clinical trial data that have been completed or are ongoing. EXPERT OPINION While there have been significant advances in the development of ADCs since they were first introduced, several challenges remain. These challenges include (i) the selection of an ideal antigen target which is tumor specific and internalized upon binding, (ii) selection of an antibody which has high affinity for its antigen target and low immunogenicity, (iii) selection of a potent payload which is cytotoxic at sub-nanomolar concentrations, and (iv) optimal design of a linker to confer ADC stability with limited off-site toxicity. Efforts are ongoing to address these issues and innovate the ADC technology to improve the safety and efficacy of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis D Leal
- a Division of Medical Oncology , University of Colorado , Aurora , CO , USA
| | | | - Lia Head
- b Department of Internal Medicine , University of Colorado , Aurora , CO , USA
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Hou J, Lv A, Deng Q, Zhang G, Hu X, Cui H. TROP2 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of glioblastoma cells by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:753-764. [PMID: 30431125 PMCID: PMC6312989 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2), a single transmembrane domain protein, is often found to be highly expressed in various types of human cancers. However, the biological function and molecular mechanism of TROP2 in glioblastoma have not been fully elucidated, particularly in regards to cell proliferation and metastasis of glioblastoma cells. In the present study, it was demonstrated that TROP2 expression was increased in glioblastoma tissues and glioblastoma cell lines by immunohistochemical analysis and western blot analysis. High TROP2 expression was significantly correlated with the poor survival of glioblastoma patients. MTT assay, BrdU incorporation assay, flow cytometry and Transwell assay were performed to demonstrate that knockdown of TROP2 in glioblastoma cells inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis. We found that the effects of TROP2-knockdown on glioblastoma cells were associated with the inhibition of JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation and decreased transcription of STAT3 target genes. In addition, blocking the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling by WP1066 negated the effects of TROP2 overexpression. Furthermore, exogenous IL-6, which functions as a potent activator of JAK2/STAT3 signaling, was able to rescue the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in TROP2-silenced glioblastoma cells and regulate phenotypic changes in these cells. Therefore, we revealed a novel mechanism by which TROP2 activates the JAK2/STAT3 pathway to promote the growth and metastasis of glioblastoma cells. These data offer insight into the function of TROP2 in glioblastoma and indicate that TROP2 is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Hou
- Cell Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Ailing Lv
- Cell Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Qing Deng
- Cell Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Cell Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- Cell Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- Cell Biology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
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