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Kim DS, Ham WS, Jang WS, Cho KS, Choi YD, Kang S, Kim B, Kim KJ, Lim EJ, Rha SY, Ku JH, Kwak C, Kim HH, Jeong CW, Cho NH. Scale-Up Evaluation of a Composite Tumor Marker Assay for the Early Detection of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10100750. [PMID: 32992891 PMCID: PMC7601868 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The early detection of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using tumor markers remains an attractive prospect for the potential to downstage the disease. To validate the scale-up clinical performance of potential tumor markers for RCC (as a single marker and as a composite tumor marker composed of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), L-Plastin (LCP1), and non-metastatic cells 1 protein (NM23A)), the scale-up assay was performed. Patients with RCC from multiple domestic institutes were included in the clinical evaluation for reassessment and improvement of the established triple markers of our product. For the diagnostic performance of the composite markers, the best-split cutoff points of each marker (147 pg/mL for NNMT, 1780 pg/mL for LCP1, and 520 pg/mL for NM23A) were installed. Serum levels of NNMT, LCP1, and NM23A were greatly increased in subjects with RCC (p < 0.0001). In 1042 blind sample tests with control individuals (n = 500) and patients with RCC (n = 542), the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the composite three-marker assay were 0.871 and 0.894, respectively, and the resulting AUC (Area under Curve) of ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) was 0.917. As a single marker, the diagnostic accuracies of NNMT, LCP1, and NM23A, as estimated by ROC, were 0.833, 0.844, and 0.601, respectively. The composite three-marker assay with NNMT, LCP1, and NM23A is a more improved novel serum marker assay for the early detection of RCC in cases of renal mass or unknown condition. The NNMT, LCP1, and NM23A triple marker assay could be a powerful diagnostic tumor marker assay to screen the early stage of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Su Kim
- Genomine Research Division, Genomine, Inc., Pohang Technopark, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, Korea; (D.S.K.); (B.K.); (K.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Won Sik Ham
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (W.S.H.); (W.S.J.); (K.S.C.); (Y.D.C.)
| | - Won Sik Jang
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (W.S.H.); (W.S.J.); (K.S.C.); (Y.D.C.)
| | - Kang Su Cho
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (W.S.H.); (W.S.J.); (K.S.C.); (Y.D.C.)
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (W.S.H.); (W.S.J.); (K.S.C.); (Y.D.C.)
| | - Suki Kang
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Bora Kim
- Genomine Research Division, Genomine, Inc., Pohang Technopark, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, Korea; (D.S.K.); (B.K.); (K.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Kook Jin Kim
- Genomine Research Division, Genomine, Inc., Pohang Technopark, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, Korea; (D.S.K.); (B.K.); (K.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Eun Ji Lim
- Genomine Research Division, Genomine, Inc., Pohang Technopark, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-834, Korea; (D.S.K.); (B.K.); (K.J.K.); (E.J.L.)
| | - Sun Young Rha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Ja Hyeon Ku
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.H.K.); (C.K.); (H.H.K.)
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.H.K.); (C.K.); (H.H.K.)
| | - Hyeon Hoe Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.H.K.); (C.K.); (H.H.K.)
| | - Chang Wook Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.H.K.); (C.K.); (H.H.K.)
- Correspondence: (C.W.J.); (N.H.C.); Tel.: +82-2-2072-3899 (C.W.J.); +82-2-2228-1767 (N.H.C.); Fax: +82-2-742-4665 (C.W.J.); +82-2-362-0860 (N.H.C.)
| | - Nam Hoon Cho
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Correspondence: (C.W.J.); (N.H.C.); Tel.: +82-2-2072-3899 (C.W.J.); +82-2-2228-1767 (N.H.C.); Fax: +82-2-742-4665 (C.W.J.); +82-2-362-0860 (N.H.C.)
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Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the kidney. Delayed diagnosis may result in progression and metastasis. Markers for early detection of RCC are lacking. The ATP-binding cassette transporter D1 (ABCD1) is located in the human peroxisome membrane. Its mutation causes X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), a peroxisomal disorder affecting lipid storage. The role of ABCD1 in human renal tumorigenesis was unclear. In this study, three pairs of RCC tissues were examined by cDNA microarray and data suggested that ABCD1 mRNA is downregulated. Downregulation of ABCD1 expression was confirmed by real-time PCR. ABCD1 expression was also downregulated in four renal cancer cell lines compared to immortalized benign renal tubular cells. ABCD1 mRNA and protein expression levels assessed by immunohistochemistry in the RCC tissues were similar between genders, tumor grades, and tumor stages. Immunohisto-chemical assays also showed that ABCD1 expression was significantly higher in normal than in cancerous tissues (p<0.001). ABCD1 downregulation may be involved in human renal tumorigenesis.
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Golovastova MO, Korolev DO, Tsoy LV, Varshavsky VA, Xu WH, Vinarov AZ, Zernii EY, Philippov PP, Zamyatnin AA. Biomarkers of Renal Tumors: the Current State and Clinical Perspectives. Curr Urol Rep 2017; 18:3. [PMID: 28110463 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-017-0655-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ranks the first death rate among the urogenital tumors, whereas its incidence follows the incidences of prostate and bladder cancer. The diagnosis of RCC at early stages allows immediately undertaking appropriate treatment, which significantly increases patients' survival rate. Early and accurate diagnosis avoids inadequate treatment, provides the disease progression forecast, and permits to apply more efficient therapy. Unfortunately, the small renal tumors are usually asymptomatic resulting in the late diagnosis and, therefore, low efficacy of treatment. Thus, sensible and preventive biomarkers are essential for early RCC detection and monitoring of its progression. So far, many attempts were performed aimed at recognizing novel informative kidney tumor biomarkers applicable for early detection of the disease and possessing prognostic and predictive capabilities. This review summarizes recent advances in renal tumor biomarkers recognition, their diagnostic and prognostic values, and clinical feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina O Golovastova
- Department of Cell Signaling, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry O Korolev
- Institute of Uronephrology and Human Reproductive Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Larisa V Tsoy
- Anatomic Pathology Department, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Varshavsky
- Anatomic Pathology Department, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Wan-Hai Xu
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Andrey Z Vinarov
- Institute of Uronephrology and Human Reproductive Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeni Yu Zernii
- Department of Cell Signaling, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel P Philippov
- Department of Cell Signaling, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Department of Cell Signaling, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia. .,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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Garner JM, Herr MJ, Hodges KB, Jennings LK. The utility of tetraspanin CD9 as a biomarker for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 471:21-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Ye B, Gagnon A, Mok SC. Recent technical strategies to identify diagnostic biomarkers for ovarian cancer. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 4:121-31. [PMID: 17288520 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.4.1.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths among North American women. Regrettably, there is currently no reliable circulating biomarker that can detect ovarian cancer in its early stages. The CA125 biomarker is very useful for treatment response monitoring, but its sensitivity is very low for early detection. Thus, there is an urgent need for the identification of new circulating biomarkers/panel of biomarkers that could be used to diagnose ovarian cancer before it becomes clinically detectable and advanced. Unfortunately, the strategies used in the past years to identify such biomarkers have not led to any outstanding candidate. This review summarizes the different approaches used in the last decade and suggests which strategies should be adopted in the near future in order to lead to the successful identification of new ovarian cancer diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ye
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Su Kim D, Choi YD, Moon M, Kang S, Lim JB, Kim KM, Park KM, Cho NH. Composite three-marker assay for early detection of kidney cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:390-8. [PMID: 23479363 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of renal cell carcinoma using serum/plasma biomarkers remains challenging. To validate clinical performance of potential candidate markers for kidney tumors, three-marker assay composed of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), L-plastin (LCP1), and nonmetastatic cells 1 protein (NM23A) was evaluated. METHODS Patients with kidney cancer and control group were included in the clinical evaluation. Participants were divided into cohorts representing the training group of control group including healthy and benign tumors (n = 102) and patients with kidney cancer (n = 87) that were used to identify criteria for scoring. Then, we developed a three-marker assay that was validated with a cohort of test group samples (n = 100). A scoring method based on the cut-point of each of the three markers was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the marker combination. RESULTS Plasma levels of NNMT, LCP1, and NM23A were highly elevated in patients with kidney cancer (P < 0.0001). In 289 blind sample tests with control subjects (n = 175) and patients with kidney cancer (n = 114), the diagnostic accuracy of NNMT alone and the three-marker assay was 0.913 and 0.932, respectively. When 90% specificity was defined, the sensitivity of NNMT and the three-marker assay was 71.9% and 95.7%, respectively. The predictive value of the three-marker assay was 87.2% (+PPV) and 97% (-PPV). CONCLUSIONS The composite assay with NNMT, LCP1, and NM23A was a promising novel serum marker assay for the early detection of malignant kidney tumors covering subtypes of RCC with high diagnostic characteristics. IMPACT NNMT/LCP1/NM23A triple markers could be a helpful screening assay to detect early RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Su Kim
- Corresponding Author: Nam Hoon Cho, Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine & The Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
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Serum biomarkers of renal cell carcinoma assessed using a protein profiling approach based on ClinProt technique. Urology 2009; 75:842-7. [PMID: 19963255 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2008] [Revised: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 09/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the possibility of using the ClinProt technique to find serum cancer related diagnostic markers that are able to better discriminate healthy subjects from patients affected by renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Renal cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the kidney. Biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, follow-up, and differential diagnosis of ccRCC from benign renal lesions are needed in daily clinical practice when imaging is not helpful. METHODS Serum of 29 healthy subjects and 33 ccRCC patients was analyzed by the ClinProt/MALDI-ToF technique. RESULTS A cluster of 3 peptides (A = m/z 1083 +/- 8 Da, B = m/z 1445 +/- 8 Da and C = m/z 6879 +/- 8 Da) was able to discriminate patients from control subjects. Cross-validation analysis using the whole casistic showed 88% and 96% of sensitivity and specificity, respectively. Moreover, the cluster showed 100% sensitivity for the identification of patients at pT2 (n = 5) and pT3 (n = 8) and 85% for pT1 patients (n = 20). The intensity of peaks A and C continuously decreased from pT1 to pT3, whereas peak B increased in pT1 and pT2. CONCLUSIONS These results may be useful to set up new diagnostic or prognostic tools.
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Pu YS, Huang CY, Kuo YZ, Kang WY, Liu GY, Huang AM, Yu HJ, Lai MK, Huang SP, Wu WJ, Chiou SJ, Hour TC. Characterization of membranous and cytoplasmic EGFR expression in human normal renal cortex and renal cell carcinoma. J Biomed Sci 2009; 16:82. [PMID: 19747398 PMCID: PMC2752453 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 09/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is highly resistant to conventional systemic treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormonal therapies. Previous studies have shown over-expression of EGFR is associated with high grade tumors and a worse prognosis. Recent studies suggest anticancer therapies targeting the EGFR pathway have shown promising results in clinical trials of RCC patients. Therefore, characterization of the level and localization of EGFR expression in RCC is important for target-dependent therapy. In this study, we investigated the clinical significance of cellular localization of EGFR in human normal renal cortex and RCC. RCC and adjacent normal kidney tissues of 63 patients were obtained for characterization of EGFR expression. EGFR protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry on a scale from 0 to 300 (percentage of positive cells x staining intensity) and Western blotting. EGFR membranous staining was significantly stronger in RCC tumors than in normal tissues (P < 0.001). In contrast, EGFR cytoplasmic staining was significantly higher in normal than in tumor tissues (P < 0.001). The levels of membranous or cytoplasmic EGFR expression in RCC tissues were not correlated with sex, tumor grade, TNM stage or overall survival (P > 0.05). These results showed abundant expression of membranous EGFR in RCC, and abundant expression of cytoplasmic EGFR in normal tissues. EGFR expression in RCC was mostly located in the cell membrane, whereas the EGFR expression in normal renal tissues was chiefly seen in cytoplasm. Our results suggest different locations of EGFR expression may be associated with human renal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Shiau Pu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Bosso N, Chinello C, Picozzi SCM, Gianazza E, Mainini V, Galbusera C, Raimondo F, Perego R, Casellato S, Rocco F, Ferrero S, Bosari S, Mocarelli P, Kienle MG, Magni F. Human urine biomarkers of renal cell carcinoma evaluated by ClinProt. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 2:1036-46. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200780139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2007] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Narasimhan K, Changqing Z, Choolani M. Ovarian cancer proteomics: Many technologies one goal. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 2:195-218. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200780003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Chawla SN, Crispen PL, Hanlon AL, Greenberg RE, Chen DYT, Uzzo RG. The natural history of observed enhancing renal masses: meta-analysis and review of the world literature. J Urol 2006; 175:425-31. [PMID: 16406965 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(05)00148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2005] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Standard therapy for an enhancing renal mass is surgical. However, operative treatment may not be plausible in all clinical circumstances. Data on the natural history of untreated enhancing renal lesions is limited but could serve as a decision making resource for patients and physicians. We examined available data on the natural history of observed solid renal masses. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Medline review of the literature was performed from 1966 to the present regarding untreated, observed, localized solid renal masses. To these data we added our institutional experience with a total of 61 lesions observed in 49 patients for a minimum of 1 year. Variables examined were initial lesion size at presentation, growth rate, duration of followup, pathological findings and progression to metastatic disease. Overall weighted mean estimates were calculated for lesion size at presentation, growth rate and followup based upon combining single institutional series with complete information. RESULTS We identified 10 reports from 9 single institutional series in the world literature regarding the natural history of untreated solid localized renal lesions. The series included 6 to 40 patients (mean 25) with a mean followup of 30 months (range 25 to 39). When combined with our institutional data, a total of 286 lesions were analyzed, of which 234 could be included in the meta-analysis. Mean lesion size at presentation was 2.60 cm (median 2.48, range 1.73 to 4.08). Meta-analysis revealed a mean growth rate of 0.28 cm yearly (median 0.28, range 0.09 to 0.86) at a mean followup of 34 months (median 32, range 26 to 39) in all series combined. Pathological confirmation was available in 46% of the cases (131 of 286) and it confirmed 92% (120 of 131) as RCC variants. Evaluable data in this subset of confirmed RCC demonstrated a mean growth rate of 0.40 cm yearly (median 0.35, range 0.42 to 1.6). Lesion size at presentation did not predict the overall growth rate (p = 0.46). Progression to metastatic disease was identified in only 1% of lesions (3 of 286) during followup. CONCLUSIONS The majority of small enhancing renal masses grow at a slow rate when observed. Although metastatic and cancer specific death are low, serial radiographic data alone are insufficient to predict the true natural history of these lesions. Therefore, physicians and patients assume a calculated risk when following these tumors. Basic biological data are needed to assess the natural history of untreated renal masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam N Chawla
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA
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Vidal BC, Bonventre JV, I-Hong Hsu S. Towards the application of proteomics in renal disease diagnosis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2006; 109:421-30. [PMID: 16232126 DOI: 10.1042/cs20050085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Proteomics is widely envisioned as playing a significant role in the translation of genomics to clinically useful applications, especially in the areas of diagnostics and prognostics. In the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease, a major priority is the identification of disease-associated biomarkers. Proteomics, with its high-throughput and unbiased approach to the analysis of variations in protein expression patterns (actual phenotypic expression of genetic variation), promises to be the most suitable platform for biomarker discovery. Combining such classic analytical techniques as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with more sophisticated techniques, such as MS, has enabled considerable progress to be made in cataloguing and quantifying proteins present in urine and various kidney tissue compartments in both normal and diseased physiological states. Despite these accomplishments, there remain a number of important challenges that will need to be addressed in order to pave the way for the universal acceptance of proteomics as a clinically relevant diagnostic tool. We discuss issues related to three such critical developmental tasks as follows: (i) completely defining the proteome in the various biological compartments (e.g. tissues, serum and urine) in both health and disease, which presents a major challenge given the dynamic range and complexity of such proteomes; (ii) achieving the routine ability to accurately and reproducibly quantify proteomic expression profiles; and (iii) developing diagnostic platforms that are readily applicable and technically feasible for use in the clinical setting that depend on the fruits of the preceding two tasks to profile multiple disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo C Vidal
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672
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Mumoli N, Cei M. Molecular markers, paraneoplastic syndrome, and inferior vena cava involvement as risk factors for renal tumor recurrence. Radiology 2005; 236:739; author reply 739. [PMID: 16040929 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2362050263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Jones TD, Eble JN, Cheng L. Application of molecular diagnostic techniques to renal epithelial neoplasms. Clin Lab Med 2005; 25:279-303. [PMID: 15848737 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2005.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The application of molecular and cytogenetic techniques to the study of renal neoplasia has resulted in improved understanding of the biologic mechanisms that are responsible for tumor development and progression. It also revealed that several different and specific genetic events are responsible for tumorigenesis in the various categories and subcategories of renal tumors. The ultimate goal of research on the molecular pathology of renal neoplasms is a complete understanding of the genetics of these tumors, which will, in turn, aid in making the correct diagnosis, accurately assessing prognosis, and selecting appropriate and targeted therapeutic options.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/diagnosis
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/pathology
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/diagnosis
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/genetics
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/pathology
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors
- Carcinoma, Papillary/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics
- Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Gene Dosage
- Humans
- Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Loss of Heterozygosity
- Transcription Factors/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Jones
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Medical Center, University Hospital, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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