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Yu F, Liu G, Zhang H, Wang X, Wu Z, Xu Q, Wu Y, Chen D. Cell Adhesion Molecule CD99 in Cancer Immunotherapy. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:1028-1036. [PMID: 36214301 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666221007143513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The CD99 antigen is a transmembrane protein expressed in a broad variety of tissues, particularly in hematopoietic cells, thymus, endothelial cells, etc. It participates in several crucial biological processes, including cell adhesion, migration, death, differentiation, and inflammation. CD99 has shown oncogenic or tumor suppressor roles in different types of cancer. Therefore, it has been used as a biomarker and therapeutic target for several types of cancer. Moreover, it has also been reported to be involved in several critical immune processes, such as T cell activation and differentiation, dendritic cell differentiation, and so on. Hence, CD99 may have potential values in cancer immunotherapy. Anti-CD99 antibodies have shown therapeutic effects on certain types of cancer, especially on Ewing sarcoma and T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This review summarizes the recent progress of CD99 in cancer research and targeting therapies, especially in cancer immunotherapy, which may help researchers understand the crucial roles of CD99 in cancer development and design new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223812, China
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223812, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223812, China
| | - Zhi Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 22530, China
| | - Qinggang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yan Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Wang X, Zhu D, Bao W, Li M, Wang S, Shen R. Prognostic Enigma of Pancreatic Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm: A Single-Center Experience of 63 Patients. Front Surg 2021; 8:771587. [PMID: 34881287 PMCID: PMC8645639 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.771587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies investigating prognostic factors of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) have been published with conflicting findings. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 63 consecutive cases of SPN in our institution from January 2010 to December 2019 was carried out. The clinicopathological features, treatment practices along with survival associations were collected and analyzed. Results: Fifteen patients (23.8%) were male, and 48 (76.2%) were female, with a median age of 34.0 ± 14.5 years. The larger tumor size was correlated with the more mixed components (p = 0.000) and the higher Ki-67 index (p = 0.042). No recurrence was found in the nine patients whose tumors fulfilled the WHO criteria for malignancy due to the presence of at least perineural invasion (6.4%), angiovascular invasion (2.3%), and/or adjacent organ invasion (6.4%). Microscopic infiltrative growth was detected in 9 (14.3%) tumors, which was correlated significantly with the WHO criteria (p = 0.002), capsule invasion (p = 0.005), and pancreatic parenchyma invasion (p = 0.001), but not with disease-free survival (p = 0.13). CD99 was found to be positively expressed in 88.9% (40/45) of tumors and more likely to have depressed Ki-67 index (p = 0.016). After a median follow-up of 58 months, only two patients (3.2%) had a recurrence after their first operation outside of our hospital. No patient died due to tumor progression. Conclusions: Although survival is favorable with aggressive surgery, it is actually difficult to assess the prognostic factors of resected SPNs. Future investigations into the role of clinicopathological evaluation will unveil the prognostic enigma of pancreatic SPN after resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Wang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Daojun Zhu
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Li
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Sizhen Wang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongxi Shen
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Mannion AJ, Odell AF, Taylor A, Jones PF, Cook GP. Tumour cell CD99 regulates transendothelial migration via CDC42 and actin remodelling. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs240135. [PMID: 34374417 PMCID: PMC8403985 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.240135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis requires tumour cells to cross endothelial cell (EC) barriers using pathways similar to those used by leucocytes during inflammation. Cell surface CD99 is expressed by healthy leucocytes and ECs, and participates in inflammatory transendothelial migration (TEM). Tumour cells also express CD99, and we have analysed its role in tumour progression and cancer cell TEM. Tumour cell CD99 was required for adhesion to ECs but inhibited invasion of the endothelial barrier and migratory activity. Furthermore, CD99 depletion in tumour cells caused redistribution of the actin cytoskeleton and increased activity of the Rho GTPase CDC42, known for its role in actin remodelling and cell migration. In a xenograft model of breast cancer, tumour cell CD99 expression inhibited metastatic progression, and patient samples showed reduced expression of the CD99 gene in brain metastases compared to matched primary breast tumours. We conclude that CD99 negatively regulates CDC42 and cell migration. However, CD99 has both pro- and anti-tumour activity, and our data suggest that this results in part from its functional linkage to CDC42 and the diverse signalling pathways downstream of this Rho GTPase. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Abstract
This study aim is to enhance the understanding, diagnosis and treatment of desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) and to determine what factors can affect survival of the disease in China.We report here 8 patients with DSRCT in our center who received a variety of treatment methods. By reviewing the literature published from Chinese database (CNKI, WANGFAN, VIP, CBM, CMCC) in 2000 to 2015 with the terms of "dsrct", "desmoplastic" and "small round-cell tumor",104 eligible cases of DSRCT(including 8 cases in our hospital) were retrospectively analyzed.Among the 104 patients, Median age was 24 years with a range of 15 to 54 years. The main primary tumor site was the abdomen and/or pelvis in 92/104 patients (88.5%). Only 25% of patients had localized disease. Most of the patients had received adjuvant chemotherapy (87.5%) and 76.9% patients had not experienced adjuvant radiotherapy. One-fourth of the patients underwent grossly complete surgical resection, and 33.7% and 41.3% patients received no surgery and incomplete surgical resection, respectively. Median overall survival for all patients was 26 months (95% CI: 20.29-31.71). Multivariate analysis revealed that Metastatic status (HR: 2.327, 95% CI: 1.136-4.768, P = .021), Surgical patterns (HR: 0.673, 95% CI: 0.487-0.928, P = .016), and Adjuvant chemotherapy (HR: 0.337, 95% CI: 0.167-0.678, P = .002) were significant independent prognostic factors for longer overall survival. It was noteworthy that CD99 were significantly associated with OS (P = .002).Here, we identified the prognostic factors which may facilitate risk-adapted treatments for this rare DSRCT group, which should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou
| | - Shu-Yang Zhang
- Department Of General Surgery, Shaoxing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang
| | - Sai-Sai Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou
| | - Ru-Shan Fei
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou
| | - Hui Li
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Voigtländer T, Metzger J, Husi H, Kirstein MM, Pejchinovski M, Latosinska A, Frantzi M, Mullen W, Book T, Mischak H, Manns MP. Bile and urine peptide marker profiles: access keys to molecular pathways and biological processes in cholangiocarcinoma. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:13. [PMID: 31900160 PMCID: PMC6941325 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0599-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Detection of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains a diagnostic challenge. We established diagnostic peptide biomarkers in bile and urine based on capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS) to detect both local and systemic changes during CCA progression. In a prospective cohort study we recently demonstrated that combined bile and urine proteome analysis could further improve diagnostic accuracy of CCA diagnosis in patients with unknown biliary strictures. As a continuation of these investigations, the aim of the present study was to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms behind the molecular determinants reflected by bile and urine peptide biomarkers. Methods Protease mapping and gene ontology cluster analysis were performed for the previously defined CE-MS based biomarkers in bile and urine. For that purpose, bile and urine peptide profiles (from samples both collected at the date of endoscopy) were investigated from a representative cohort of patients with benign (n = 76) or CCA-associated (n = 52) biliary strictures (verified during clinical follow-up). This was supplemented with a literature search for the association of the individual biomarkers included in the proteomic patterns with CCA or cancer progression. Results For most of the peptide markers, association to CCA has been described in literature. Protease mapping revealed ADAMTS4 activity in cleavage of both bile and urine CCA peptide biomarkers. Furthermore, increased chymase activity in bile points to mast cell activation at the tumor site. Gene ontology cluster analysis indicates cellular response to chemical stimuli and stress response as local and extracellular matrix reorganization by tissue destruction and repair as systemic events. The analysis further supports that the mapped proteases are drivers of local and systemic events. Conclusions The study supports connection of the CCA-associated peptide biomarkers to the molecular pathophysiology and indicates an involvement in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, generation of cancer-associated fibroblasts and activation of residual immune cells. Proteases, extracellular matrix components, inflammatory cytokines, proangiogenic, growth and vasoactive factors released from the tumor microenvironment are drivers of systemic early events during CCA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Voigtländer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Metzger
- Mosaiques diagnostics GmbH, Rotenburger Straße 20, 30659, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Holger Husi
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, UK
| | - Martha M Kirstein
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Maria Frantzi
- Mosaiques diagnostics GmbH, Rotenburger Straße 20, 30659, Hannover, Germany
| | - William Mullen
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - Thorsten Book
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harald Mischak
- Mosaiques diagnostics GmbH, Rotenburger Straße 20, 30659, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Aguilera-Montilla N, Bailón E, Uceda-Castro R, Ugarte-Berzal E, Santos A, Gutiérrez-González A, Pérez-Sánchez C, Van den Steen PE, Opdenakker G, García-Marco JA, García-Pardo A. MMP-9 affects gene expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia revealing CD99 as an MMP-9 target and a novel partner in malignant cell migration/arrest. Oncogene 2019; 38:4605-4619. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0744-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
The cell surface molecule CD99 has gained interest because of its involvement in regulating cell differentiation and adhesion/migration of immune and tumor cells. However, the molecule plays an intriguing and dual role in different cell types. In particular, it acts as a requirement for cell malignancy or as an oncosuppressor in tumors. In addition, the gene encodes for two different isoforms, which also act in opposition inside the same cell. This review highlights key studies focusing on the dual role of CD99 and its isoforms and discusses major critical issues, challenges, and strategies for overcoming those challenges. The review specifically underscores the properties that make the molecule an attractive therapeutic target and identifies new relationships and areas of study that may be exploited. The elucidation of the spatial and temporal control of the expression of CD99 in normal and tumor cells is required to obtain a full appreciation of this molecule and its signaling.
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Wang L, Dong X, Ren Y, Luo J, Liu P, Su D, Yang X. Targeting EHMT2 reverses EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC by epigenetically regulating the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:129. [PMID: 29374157 PMCID: PMC5833639 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) resistance is a major obstacle in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Epigenetic alterations have been shown to be involved in NSCLC oncogenesis; however, their function in EGFR-TKI resistance remains uncharacterized. Here, we found that an EHMT2 inhibitor, UNC0638, can significantly inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cells. Additionally, we also found that EHMT2 expression and enzymatic activity levels were elevated in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cells. Moreover, we determined that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of EHMT2 expression enhanced TKI sensitivity and suppressed migration and tumor sphere formation in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cells. Further investigation revealed that EHMT2 contributed to PTEN transcriptional repression and thus facilitated AKT pathway activation. The negative relationship between EHMT2 and PTEN was confirmed by our clinical study. Furthermore, we determined that combination treatment with the EHMT2 inhibitor and Erlotinib resulted in enhanced antitumor effects in a preclinical EGFR-TKI-resistance model. We also found that high EHMT2 expression along with low PTEN expression can predict poor overall survival in patients with NSCLC. In summary, our findings showed that EHMT2 facilitated EGFR-TKI resistance by regulating the PTEN/AKT pathway in NSCLC cells, suggesting that EHMT2 may be a target in the clinical treatment of EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Ren
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan General Hospital, People's Liberation Army of China, Wuhan, China
| | - Juanjuan Luo
- Center for Neuroscience, Medical College of Shantou University, 515041, Shantou, PR China
| | - Pei Liu
- Center for Neuroscience, Medical College of Shantou University, 515041, Shantou, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Su
- Center for Neuroscience, Medical College of Shantou University, 515041, Shantou, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Center for Neuroscience, Medical College of Shantou University, 515041, Shantou, PR China.
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Pasello M, Manara MC, Scotlandi K. CD99 at the crossroads of physiology and pathology. J Cell Commun Signal 2018; 12:55-68. [PMID: 29305692 PMCID: PMC5842202 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CD99 is a cell surface protein with unique features and only partly defined mechanisms of action. This molecule is involved in crucial biological processes, including cell adhesion, migration, death, differentiation and diapedesis, and it influences processes associated with inflammation, immune responses and cancer. CD99 is frequently overexpressed in many types of tumors, particularly pediatric tumors including Ewing sarcoma and specific subtypes of leukemia. Engagement of CD99 induces the death of malignant cells through non-conventional mechanisms. In Ewing sarcoma, triggering of CD99 by specific monoclonal antibodies activates hyperstimulation of micropinocytosis and leads to cancer cells killing through a caspase-independent, non-apoptotic pathway resembling methuosis. This process is characterized by extreme accumulation of vacuoles in the cytoplasmic space, which compromises cell viability, requires the activation of RAS-Rac1 downstream signaling and appears to be rather specific for tumor cells. In addition, anti-CD99 monoclonal antibodies exhibit antitumor activities in xenografts in the absence of immune effector cells or complement proteins. Overall, these data establish CD99 as a new opportunity to treat patients with high expression of CD99, particularly those that are resistant to canonical apoptosis-inducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Pasello
- Experimental Oncology Lab, CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Manara
- Experimental Oncology Lab, CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Experimental Oncology Lab, CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
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Úrias U, Marie SKN, Uno M, da Silva R, Evagelinellis MM, Caballero OL, Stevenson BJ, Silva WA, Simpson AJ, Oba-Shinjo SM. CD99 is upregulated in placenta and astrocytomas with a differential subcellular distribution according to the malignancy stage. J Neurooncol 2014; 119:59-70. [PMID: 24797829 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-014-1462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we searched for genes highly expressed in placenta and that could contribute to the establishment and maintenance of a malignant phenotype in different types of tumours, and in astrocytomas in particular. We employed a strategy based on the integration of in silico data from previously generated massively parallel signature sequencing and public serial analysis of gene expression databases. Among 12 selected genes, CD99 exhibited the highest relative mRNA expression in GBM compared to non-neoplastic brain tissues. In a larger cohort of astrocytic tumours, we further demonstrated increased CD99 expression in all malignant grades, with GBMs showing the highest values. These findings were confirmed at the protein level by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we demonstrated the CD99 localisation profile in astrocytic tumours. Interestingly, CD99 expression was confined to the cytoplasm or membrane in more malignant astrocytomas, in contrast to non-neoplastic brain tissue or non-infiltrative pilocytic astrocytoma, which showed no obvious staining in these structures. Comparison of three GBM cell lines revealed higher CD99 expression at the membrane and higher migratory capacity in the A172 and U87MG lines, but lower CD99 expression and no migratory ability in the T98 line. Knocking down CD99 expression by siRNA decreased significantly the migration of both cell lines. These integrated CD99 gene and protein expression results suggest that CD99 expression in astrocytomas of different malignant grades might contribute to the infiltrative ability and support the importance of CD99 as a potential target to reduce infiltrative astrocytoma capacity in migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Úrias
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina da, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
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Zhou Q, Xu J, Zhao J, Zhang S, Pan W. Downregulation of CD99 and upregulation of human leukocyte antigen class II promote tumor aggravation and poor survival in patients with osteosarcomas. Onco Targets Ther 2014; 7:477-84. [PMID: 24711704 PMCID: PMC3969338 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s54765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD99 is involved in the intracellular transport of human leukocyte antigen class II (HLA-II) protein. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical value of CD99 and HLA-II expression in primary osteosarcoma. METHODS One hundred and thirty pairs of osteosarcoma and matched noncancerous bone tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for CD99 and HLA-II expression. RESULTS Compared with the noncancerous bone tissues, the expression levels of CD99 (tumor versus normal: 2.96±0.09 versus 5.89±1.26, P<0.001) and HLA-II (tumor versus normal: 5.01±1.39 versus 1.92±0.06, P<0.001) proteins were respectively downregulated and upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues. CD99 and HLA-II were highly expressed in 49/130 (37.69%) and 107/130 (82.31%) of osteosarcoma tissues, respectively. In addition, the osteosarcoma patients with downregulation of CD99 and upregulation of HLA-II more frequently showed the presence of metastasis and recurrence and poor response to chemotherapy. Moreover, there was a negative correlation between CD99 and HLA-II expression in osteosarcoma tissues (r=-0.69, P=0.01). The patients with low CD99 expression correlated with poor prognosis of osteosarcoma, as opposed to HLA-II. Patients with CD99-low/HLA-II-high expression had the lowest overall and disease-free survival rates, and conjoined expression of CD99/HLA-II was an independent prognostic indicator of osteosarcoma. CONCLUSION These findings suggest for the first time that CD99 downregulation or HLA-II upregulation may be an important feature of human osteosarcoma. The combined detection of CD99/HLA-II coexpression may present a predictive and prognostic indicator in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, the second Hospital of Huai'an city Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College and the second Hospital of Huai'an city, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the second Hospital of Huai'an city Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College and the second Hospital of Huai'an city, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, the second Hospital of Huai'an city Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College and the second Hospital of Huai'an city, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the second Hospital of Huai'an city Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College and the second Hospital of Huai'an city, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, the second Hospital of Huai'an city Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical College and the second Hospital of Huai'an city, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
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Mangiola A, Saulnier N, De Bonis P, Orteschi D, Sica G, Lama G, Pettorini BL, Sabatino G, Zollino M, Lauriola L, Colabianchi A, Proietti G, Kovacs G, Maira G, Anile C. Gene expression profile of glioblastoma peritumoral tissue: an ex vivo study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57145. [PMID: 23472076 PMCID: PMC3589444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene expression pattern of glioblastoma (GBM) is well documented but the expression profile of brain adjacent to tumor is not yet analysed. This may help to understand the oncogenic pathway of GBM development. We have established the genome-wide expression profiles of samples isolated from GBM tumor mass, white matter adjacent to tumor (apparently free of tumor cells), and white matter controls by using the Affymetrix HG-U133 arrays. Array-CGH (aCGH) was also performed to detect genomic alterations. Among genes dysregulated in peritumoral white matter, 15 were over-expressed, while 42 were down-regulated when compared to white matter controls. A similar expression profile was detected in GBM cells. Growth, proliferation and cell motility/adhesion-associated genes were up-regulated while genes involved in neurogenesis were down-regulated. Furthermore, several tumor suppressor genes along with the KLRC1 (a member of natural killer receptor) were also down-regulated in the peritumoral brain tissue. Several mosaic genomic lesions were detected by aCGH, mostly in tumor samples and several GBM-associated mosaic genomic lesions were also present in the peritumoral brain tissue, with a similar mosaicism pattern. Our data could be explained by a dilution of genes expressed from tumor cells infiltrating the peritumour tissue. Alternatively, these findings could be substained by a relevant amount of “apparently normal” cells presenting a gene profile compatible with a precancerous state or even “quiescent” cancer cells. Otherwise, the recurrent tumor may arise from both infiltrating tumor cells and from an interaction and recruitment of apparently normal cells in the peritumor tissue by infiltrating tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annunziato Mangiola
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nathalie Saulnier
- Institute of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Bonis
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniela Orteschi
- Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gigliola Sica
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gina Lama
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Sabatino
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcella Zollino
- Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Libero Lauriola
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Colabianchi
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Proietti
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gyula Kovacs
- Medical Faculty, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giulio Maira
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmelo Anile
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Lee HS, Park CK, Oh E, Erkin ÖC, Jung HS, Cho MH, Kwon MJ, Chae SW, Kim SH, Wang LH, Park MJ, Lee SY, Yang HB, Jia L, Choi YL, Shin YK. Low SP1 expression differentially affects intestinal-type compared with diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55522. [PMID: 23437057 PMCID: PMC3577840 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Specificity protein 1 (SP1) is an essential transcription factor that regulates multiple cancer-related genes. Because aberrant expression of SP1 is related to cancer development and progression, we focused on SP1 expression in gastric carcinoma and its correlation with disease outcomes. Although patient survival decreased as SP1 expression increased (P<0.05) in diffuse-type gastric cancer, the lack of SP1 expression in intestinal-type gastric cancer was significantly correlated with poor survival (P<0.05). The knockdown of SP1 in a high SP1-expressing intestinal-type gastric cell line, MKN28, increased migration and invasion but decreased proliferation. Microarray data in SP1 siRNA-transfected MKN28 revealed that the genes inhibiting migration were downregulated, whereas the genes negatively facilitating proliferation were increased. However, both migration and invasion were decreased by forced SP1 expression in a low SP1-expressing intestinal-type gastric cell line, AGS. Unlike the intestinal-type, in a high SP1-expressing diffuse-type gastric cell line, SNU484, migration and invasion were decreased by SP1 siRNA. In contrast to previous studies that did not identify differences between the 2 histological types, our results reveal that low expression of SP1 is involved in cancer progression and metastasis and differentially affects intestinal-type compared with diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun Seok Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol-Keun Park
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ensel Oh
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Özgür Cem Erkin
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hun Soon Jung
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun Cho
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Kwon
- College of Pathology, Kyungpook National University, Deagu, Korea
| | - Seoung Wan Chae
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Hyung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Li-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Min-Jeong Park
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Bin Yang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yoon-La Choi
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kee Shin
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Prins JM, Wang Y. Quantitative proteomic analysis revealed N'-nitrosonornicotine-induced down-regulation of nonmuscle myosin II and reduced cell migration in cultured human skin fibroblast cells. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:1282-8. [PMID: 23305604 DOI: 10.1021/pr3009397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The association of tobacco smoke with decreased cell motility and wound healing is well documented; however, the cellular mechanisms and specific toxic tobacco constituents responsible for this effect are not well understood. Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs) are among the most important classes of carcinogens found in tobacco products. The TSNA N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) is present at relatively high levels in tobacco and its smoke, as well as second- and third-hand smoke. To investigate the cellular pathways that are perturbed upon NNN exposure, we employed a quantitative proteomic approach, utilizing stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture and mass spectrometry, to assess the NNN-induced alteration of protein expression in GM00637 human skin fibroblast cells. With this approach, we were able to quantify 2599 proteins, 191 of which displayed significantly changed expression following NNN exposure. One of the main findings from our proteomic analysis was the down-regulation of six different subunits of myosin, particularly nonmuscle myosin II heavy chain, isoforms A, B, and C. In addition, we found the altered expression of several extracellular matrix proteins and proteins involved in cellular adhesion. Together, our quantitative proteomic results suggested that NNN exposure may interfere with fibroblast motility. An in vitro scratch wound assay result supported that NNN exposure reduced the ability of dermal fibroblast to migrate into the scratched area. The results from the present study offer novel insights into the cellular mechanisms of NNN toxicity and identify NNN as a specific tobacco constituent that contributes to decreased fibroblast migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Prins
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521-0403, United States
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15
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Hu XT, He C. Recent progress in the study of methylated tumor suppressor genes in gastric cancer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2013; 32:31-41. [PMID: 22059906 PMCID: PMC3845584 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.011.10175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The pathogenesis mechanisms of gastric cancer are still not fully clear. Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes caused by genetic and epigenetic alterations are known to play significant roles in carcinogenesis. Accumulating evidence has shown that epigenetic silencing of the tumor suppressor genes, particularly caused by hypermethylation of CpG islands in promoters, is critical to carcinogenesis and metastasis. Here, we review the recent progress in the study of methylations of tumor suppressor genes involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. We also briefly describe the mechanisms that induce tumor suppressor gene methylation and the status of translating these molecular mechanisms into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Hu
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province,
| | - Chao He
- Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province,
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P. R. China.
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16
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Ambs S. Analysis of stromal gene expression for the identification of prognostic and predictive molecular markers in cancer therapy. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:2213-4. [PMID: 22528763 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Edlund K, Lindskog C, Saito A, Berglund A, Pontén F, Göransson-Kultima H, Isaksson A, Jirström K, Planck M, Johansson L, Lambe M, Holmberg L, Nyberg F, Ekman S, Bergqvist M, Landelius P, Lamberg K, Botling J, Ostman A, Micke P. CD99 is a novel prognostic stromal marker in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:2264-73. [PMID: 22392539 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The complex interaction between cancer cells and the microenvironment plays an essential role in all stages of tumourigenesis. Despite the significance of this interplay, alterations in protein composition underlying tumour-stroma interactions are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to identify stromal proteins with clinical relevance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A list encompassing 203 stromal candidate genes was compiled based on gene expression array data and available literature. The protein expression of these genes in human NSCLC was screened using the Human Protein Atlas. Twelve proteins were selected that showed a differential stromal staining pattern (BGN, CD99, DCN, EMILIN1, FBN1, PDGFRB, PDLIM5, POSTN, SPARC, TAGLN, TNC and VCAN). The corresponding antibodies were applied on tissue microarrays, including 190 NSCLC samples, and stromal staining was correlated with clinical parameters. Higher stromal expression of CD99 was associated with better prognosis in the univariate (p = 0.037) and multivariate (p = 0.039) analysis. The association was independent from the proportion of tumour stroma, the fraction of inflammatory cells and clinical and pathological parameters like stage, performance status and tumour histology. The prognostic impact of stromal CD99 protein expression was confirmed in an independent cohort of 240 NSCLC patients (p = 0.008). Furthermore, double-staining confocal fluorescence microscopy showed that CD99 was expressed in stromal lymphocytes as well as in cancer-associated fibroblasts. Based on a comprehensive screening strategy the membrane protein CD99 was identified as a novel stromal factor with clinical relevance. The results support the concept that stromal properties have an important impact on tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Edlund
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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18
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Paranuclear dot-like immunostaining for CD99: a unique staining pattern for diagnosing solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas. Am J Surg Pathol 2011; 35:799-806. [PMID: 21566515 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0b013e318219c036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas is a rare tumor of uncertain histogenesis that is characterized by a cystic and solid growth pattern with pseudopapillary structures. The differentiation of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm from other pancreatic tumors is of great importance. However, it is sometimes difficult because of similarities in morphologic features and immunophenotype. CD99 is a diagnostically useful marker for Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of CD99 in solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm. We investigated immunohistochemical staining for CD99 in tissue microarray blocks from 55 cases of pancreatic solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm, 51 cases of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, and 54 cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Biopsy specimens from 7 solid-pseudopapillary neoplasms, 6 acinar cell carcinomas, and 1 pancreatoblastoma were also investigated. All the solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm cells exhibited paranuclear dot-like immunoreactivity for CD99 regardless of the clinicopathologic or morphologic features. Forty of the 51 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors were positive for CD99. Staining here was membranous, or membranous and cytoplasmic. Four of the 54 pancreatic adenocarcinomas and 1 pancreatoblastoma showed faint membranous staining. None of the acinar cell carcinomas was reactive for CD99. Our study has identified for the first time that pancreatic solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm exhibits a unique dot-like staining pattern for CD99. This could prove to be the most useful aspect of its immunoprofile for the definitive diagnosis of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm and differentiation from other pancreatic tumors.
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19
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Analysis of the vascular profile and CD99 protein expression in the partial and complete hydatidiform moles using quantitative CD34 immunohistochemistry. Exp Mol Pathol 2010; 89:343-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 07/03/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Protein expression and gene promoter hypermethylation of CD99 in transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2010; 137:49-54. [PMID: 20217126 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-010-0858-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2009] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES To investigate the significance of CD99 protein expression and gene promoter hypermethylation status in urinary bladder carcinoma and its correlation with the histopathologic parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS CD99 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining in a series of 100 cases of transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) and 35 cases of normal urinary bladder tissues, and the methylation status of CD99 gene promoter was studied by using methylation-specific PCR and DNA sequencing. RESULTS The positive rate of CD99 protein expression was 62% (62/100) in TCC tissues, it was lower than in normal urinary bladder epithelia (97.1%, 34/35). Gene promoter hypermethylation of CD99 was observed in 26 of 82 (31.7%) cases, and none of the detected ten cases of normal transitional epithelia tissues showed CD99 methylation. CD99 hypermethylation was significantly associated with CD99 protein down-regulation in TCC (P < 0.001). Both the decreased protein expression and the higher methylated frequency of CD99 in TCC of urinary bladder were significantly correlated with the clinical stage, pathological stage, and histological grade. CONCLUSIONS The down-regulation of CD99 protein expression is a critical event in the progress of TCC, especially in advanced stage, and it can be explained by the presence of CD99 gene promoter hypermethylation in TCC. And both CD99 protein expression and gene promoter hypermethylation have clinical significance and implication for the diagnosis and target therapy for TCC.
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21
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Molecular and phenotypic analysis of poorly differentiated sinonasal neoplasms: an integrated approach for early diagnosis and classification. Hum Pathol 2009; 40:283-92. [PMID: 19150107 PMCID: PMC4573623 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2008.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Revised: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 07/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Primary poorly differentiated (small round and non-small) sinonasal neoplasms comprise histogenetically and biologically diverse entities with overlapping morphologic features. Because of the limited initial biopsy tissue materials, differential diagnostic difficulties may arise and complicate timely management of some cases. We used immunohistochemical and molecular marker analyses in a large cohort of these tumors to optimize their early diagnosis and classification. Fifty-two tumors of the skull base and sinonasal regions and, for comparison, 19 poorly differentiated neoplasms of other head and neck sites were analyzed by a panel of immunohistochemical markers including those of epithelial, mesenchymal, melanocytic, and neuroectodermal origin using tissue microarray. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of messenger RNA for EWS-FLI1 and PAX-FKHR fusion transcripts and the human achaete-scute homolog-1 gene was performed on 24 of the 52 sinonasal tumors and the 19 tumors of other sites for comparison. The immunohistochemical results substantiated the phenotypic assessment and the initial diagnosis in 49 of the 52 tumors. In 4 instances the integrated markers and phenotypic analyses led to reclassification of 3 tumors and confirmed the histogenesis of a mesenchymal tumor with aberrant cytokeratin expression. Molecular analysis of the EWS-FLI1 fusion gene transcript revealed 4 (9.3%) of the 43 tumors to be positive; all were Ewing sarcomas. The human achaete-scute homolog-1 gene transcript was identified in 10 (23.8%) of 42 tumors: 3 of 6 neuroblastomas, all 4 neuroendocrine carcinomas, and 1 each in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and melanoma. The PAX-FKHR fusion transcript was not detected in any tumors. We conclude that (1) an integrated morphologic and biomarker algorithm may better optimize the early diagnosis of poorly differentiated sinonasal and skull-base tumors; (2) molecular analysis may assist in future biological stratification of certain classes of these tumors; and (3) the human achaete-scute homolog-1 gene transcript is a nonspecific marker for the diagnosis of neuroblastoma.
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Xu Y, Qu X, Zhang X, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Hou K, Liu Y. Midkine positively regulates the proliferation of human gastric cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2009; 279:137-44. [PMID: 19250738 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Revised: 01/07/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Midkine (MDK), a heparin-binding growth factor, modulates the proliferation and migration of various cells, is often highly expressed in many malignant tumors, and may act as an oncoprotein. We found that MDK is overexpressed in clinical human gastric cancer tissues relative to its expression in adjacent noncancerous tissues. To further investigate the biological activities of MDK in gastric cancer, we introduced the MDK gene into human SGC7901 gastric cancer cells, where it contributed to the proliferation of SGC7901 cells in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, the knockdown of MDK expression by siRNA resulted in significantly reduced proliferation of BGC823 cells. Our study also shows that MDK activates both the Akt and ERK1/2 pathways and upregulates the expression of several cell-cycle-related proteins, including cyclin A, cyclin D1, Cdk2, Cdk4, and Cdk6, which in part explains the contribution of MDK to gastric cancer cell survival and growth. These results demonstrate that MDK contributes to gastric cancer cell proliferation and suggest that it plays an important role in the development of human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital, China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110001, China
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Kim D, Kim SH, Park EJ, Kang CY, Cho SH, Kim S. Anti-allergic effects of PG102, a water-soluble extract prepared from Actinidia arguta, in a murine ovalbumin-induced asthma model. Clin Exp Allergy 2008; 39:280-9. [PMID: 19032361 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.03124.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lung and its incidence has been increasing around the world. We previously reported that oral administration of a water-soluble extract prepared from Actinidia arguta, code-named PG102, could modulate the level of Th1 and Th2 cytokines and suppress the production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized murine model as well as in the in vitro cell culture system, and furthermore could significantly improve dermatitis conditions in the NC/Nga murine model. These data suggested that PG102 might have therapeutic effects in a broad range of allergic diseases. OBJECTIVE To assess the possible anti-allergic effects of PG102 in the OVA-induced murine asthma model. METHODS The quality of PG102 was standardized, using its effects on the production of IgE, IL-5, and IL-13, in in vitro cell culture systems. To test effects on asthma, BALB/c mice were orally administrated with PG102, followed by OVA sensitization and challenge to induce asthmatic symptoms. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, serum, and lung tissue were analysed by using various methods. RESULTS PG102 could decrease the level of IgE, IL-5, and IL-13 in in vitro cell culture systems with IC(50) being 1.12-1.43 mg/mL. PG102 could ameliorate asthmatic symptoms, including AHR and eosinophilia in the lungs. Such improvement of asthmatic symptoms by PG102 was accompanied by the down-regulation of IL-5 and IgE. In PG102-treated mice, high level expression of heme oxygenase-1, a potent anti-inflammatory enzyme, was observed in alveolar inflammatory cells, while the mRNA levels of foxp3, TGF-beta1, and IL-10, important markers for regulatory T cells, were also up-regulated in the lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS PG102 may have potential as a safe and effective reagent for the prevention or treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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