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Li S, Wei W, Feng Z, Bian Y, Pan J, Mai J, Ning S, Huang J, Gao X, Zhang L. Role of Serum CYFRA 21-1 in Diagnosis and Prognostic in Colorectal Liver Metastases. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:601-614. [PMID: 37434913 PMCID: PMC10332368 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s410477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In current studies, the role of serum Cytokeratin-19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the diagnostic and prognostic value of CYFRA 21-1 in CRC. Patients and Methods Data were collected for 196 stage I-III CRC patients and 50 colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) patients between January 2018 and December 2019. The serum CYFRA 21-1 levels were measured using the chemiluminescent particle immunoassay (CMIA) kit in all objects and common biomarkers such as CA19-9, CEA, HSP90α, and AFP were measured in all colorectal cancer patients. We investigated the association between CYFRA 21-1 level and clinicopathological features. In addition, we evaluated the ability of serum CRFRA21-1 to differentiate CRLM from CRC. To assess the potential prognostic value, we used Cox proportional hazard model for univariate or multivariate analyses. Results Serum CYFRA 21-1 was significantly elevated in CRLM patients compared to stage I-III CRC patients (5.85 ng/mL vs 2.29 ng/mL, p < 0.001). For all CRC patients cohort, stage I-III CRC patients cohort and CRLM patients cohort, the optimal cutoff levels of CYFRA 21-1 for overall survival (OS) were 3.47 ng/mL, 2.14 ng/mL and 7.63 ng/mL, respectively, and the optimal cutoff levels for progression-free survival (PFS) were 3.47 ng/mL, 2.56 ng/mL and 7.63 ng/mL, respectively. For CRLM patients, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with high CYFRA 21-1 level had poor OS. Multivariate analysis indicated that the CYFRA 21-1 level was an independent prognostic factor for PFS in stage I-III patients. And CYFRA 21-1 levels and age were independent prognostic factors for OS and PFS in CRLM patients. Conclusion CYFRA 21-1 can better differentiate CRLM patients from the whole CRC patients and has unique prognostic value for CRLM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Li
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wene Wei
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaorong Feng
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingzhen Bian
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinmiao Pan
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinling Mai
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shufang Ning
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Research, Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinglei Huang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Gao
- Health Management Institute, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Litu Zhang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Research, Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
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Ye Z, Song G, Liang J, Yi S, Gao Y, Jiang H. Optimized screening of DNA methylation sites combined with gene expression analysis to identify diagnostic markers of colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:617. [PMID: 37400791 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10922-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer is related to early detection. However, commonly used screening markers lack sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we identified diagnostic methylation sites for colorectal cancer. METHODS After screening the colorectal cancer methylation dataset, diagnostic sites were identified via survival analysis, difference analysis, and ridge regression dimensionality reduction. The correlation between the selected methylation sites and the estimation of immune cell infiltration was analyzed. The accuracy of the diagnosis was verified using different datasets and the 10-fold crossover method. RESULTS According to Gene Ontology, the main enrichment pathways of genes with hypermethylation sites are axon development, axonogenesis, and pattern specification processes. However, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) suggests the following main enrichment pathways: neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, calcium signaling, and cAMP signaling. In The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE131013 datasets, the area under the curve of cg07628404 was > 0.95. For the NaiveBayes machine model of cg02604524, cg07628404, and cg27364741, the accuracies of 10-fold cross-validation in the GSE131013 and TCGA datasets were 95% and 99.4%, respectively. The survival prognosis of the hypomethylated group (cg02604524, cg07628404, and cg27364741) was better than that of the hypermethylated group. The mutation risk did not differ between the hypermethylated and hypomethylated groups. The correlation coefficient between the three loci and CD4 central memory T cells, hematological stem cells, and other immune cells was not high (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In cases of colorectal cancer, the main enrichment pathway of genes with hypermethylated sites was axon and nerve development. In the biopsy tissues, the hypermethylation sites were diagnostic for colorectal cancer, and the NaiveBayes machine model of the three loci showed good diagnostic performance. Site (cg02604524, cg07628404, and cg27364741) hypermethylation predicts poor survival for colorectal cancer. Three methylation sites were weakly correlated with individual immune cell infiltration. Hypermethylation sites may be a useful repository for diagnosing colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Ye
- Department of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Guangle Song
- Department of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Jianwei Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Tai'an City Center Hospital, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Shuying Yi
- Department of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Yuqi Gao
- Department of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
| | - Hanming Jiang
- Department of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
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Goyal R, Wassie MM, Winter JM, Lathlean TJ, Young GP, Symonds EL. Progress in the field of noninvasive diagnostics for colorectal cancer: a systematic review for the accuracy of blood-based biomarkers for detection of advanced pre-cancerous lesions. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:1233-1250. [PMID: 38044883 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2290646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of pre-cancerous adenomas through screening can reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. Fecal immunochemical tests are commonly used, but have limited sensitivity for pre-cancerous lesions. Blood-based screening may improve test sensitivity. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of blood-based biomarkers for detection of advanced pre-cancerous lesions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We present the accuracy of blood-based biomarkers for the detection of advanced pre-cancerous lesions. EMBASE, Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched, with study populations limited to adults diagnosed with advanced pre-cancerous lesions at colonoscopy, who had a blood-based biomarker test analyzed with reports of sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS 69 studies were identified, which assessed 133 unique biomarkers sets. The best performing test was a panel of 6 miRNAs, with a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 90% for advanced pre-cancerous lesions. Only 6 biomarkers demonstrated sensitivity ≥ 50% and specificity ≥ 90% for the detection of advanced pre-cancerous lesions. CONCLUSION Many different blood-based biomarkers have been assessed for detection of advanced pre-cancerous lesions, but few have progressed beyond the discovery stage. While some biomarkers have reported high sensitivity and specificity, larger prospective studies in unbiased intended-use screening populations are required for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Goyal
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Molla M Wassie
- Cancer Research, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Jean M Winter
- Cancer Research, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Timothy Jh Lathlean
- Cancer Research, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
- ROSA Research Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institue, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Graeme P Young
- Cancer Research, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Erin L Symonds
- Cancer Research, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
- Gastroenterology Department, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia
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Petersen MM, Kleif J, Jørgensen LN, Hendel JW, Seidelin JB, Madsen MR, Vilandt J, Brandsborg S, Rasmussen JS, Andersen LM, Khalid A, Ferm L, Gawel SH, Martens F, Andersen B, Rasmussen M, Davis GJ, Christensen IJ, Therkildsen C. Optimizing Screening for Colorectal Cancer: An Algorithm Combining Fecal Immunochemical Test, Blood-Based Cancer-Associated Proteins and Demographics to Reduce Colonoscopy Burden. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2023; 22:199-210. [PMID: 36878807 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) is widely used in population-based screening for colorectal cancer (CRC). This had led to major challenges regarding colonoscopy capacity. Methods to maintain high sensitivity without compromising the colonoscopy capacity are needed. This study investigates an algorithm that combines FIT result, blood-based biomarkers associated with CRC, and individual demographics, to triage subjects sent for colonoscopy among a FIT positive (FIT+) screening population and thereby reduce the colonoscopy burden. MATERIALS AND METHODS From the Danish National Colorectal Cancer Screening Program, 4048 FIT+ (≥100 ng/mL Hemoglobin) subjects were included and analyzed for a panel of 9 cancer-associated biomarkers using the ARCHITECT i2000. Two algorithms were developed: 1) a predefined algorithm based on clinically available biomarkers: FIT, age, CEA, hsCRP and Ferritin; and 2) an exploratory algorithm adding additional biomarkers: TIMP-1, Pepsinogen-2, HE4, CyFra21-1, Galectin-3, B2M and sex to the predefined algorithm. The diagnostic performances for discriminating subjects with or without CRC in the 2 models were benchmarked against the FIT alone using logistic regression modeling. RESULTS The discrimination of CRC showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 73.7 (70.5-76.9) for the predefined model, 75.3 (72.1-78.4) for the exploratory model, and 68.9 (65.5-72.2) for FIT alone. Both models performed significantly better (P < .001) than the FIT model. The models were benchmarked vs. FIT at cutoffs of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ng/mL Hemoglobin using corresponding numbers of true positives and false positives. All performance metrics were improved at all cutoffs. CONCLUSION A screening algorithm including a combination of FIT result, blood-based biomarkers and demographics outperforms FIT in discriminating subjects with or without CRC in a screening population with FIT results above 100 ng/mL Hemoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias M Petersen
- Gastro Unit, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark; Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jakob Kleif
- Gastro Unit, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark; Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Surgery, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Lars N Jørgensen
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob W Hendel
- Gastro Unit, Section for Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jakob B Seidelin
- Gastro Unit, Section for Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Jesper Vilandt
- Department of Surgery, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
| | | | | | - Lars M Andersen
- Department of Public Health Programmes and University Research Clinic for Cancer Screening, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
| | - Ali Khalid
- Department of Surgery, Viborg Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Linnea Ferm
- Gastro Unit, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Susan H Gawel
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Diagnostics Division, Abbott Park, IL
| | - Frans Martens
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, AMC & VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Berit Andersen
- Department of Public Health Programmes and University Research Clinic for Cancer Screening, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Rasmussen
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gerard J Davis
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Diagnostics Division, Abbott Park, IL
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5
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Gao Z, Huang D, Chen H, Yang Y, An K, Ding C, Yuan Z, Zhai Z, Niu P, Gao Q, Cai J, Zeng Q, Wang Y, Hong Y, Rong W, Huang W, Lei F, Wang X, Chen S, Zhao X, Bai Y, Gu J. Development and validation of postoperative circulating tumor DNA combined with clinicopathological risk factors for recurrence prediction in patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:63. [PMID: 36717891 PMCID: PMC9887832 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection following curative-intent surgery could directly reflect the presence of minimal residual disease, the ultimate cause of clinical recurrence. However, ctDNA is not postoperatively detected in ≥ 50% of patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer (CRC) who ultimately recur. Herein we sought to improve recurrence risk prediction by combining ctDNA with clinicopathological risk factors in stage I-III CRC. METHODS Two independent cohorts, both consisting of early-stage CRC patients who underwent curative surgery, were included: (i) the discovery cohort (N = 124) with tumor tissues and postoperative plasmas for ctDNA determination; and (ii) the external validation cohort (N = 125) with available ctDNA results. In the discovery cohort, somatic variations in tumor tissues and plasmas were determined via a 733-gene and 127-gene next-generation sequencing panel, respectively. RESULTS In the discovery cohort, 17 of 108 (15.7%) patients had detectable ctDNA. ctDNA-positive patients had a significantly high recurrence rate (76.5% vs. 16.5%, P < 0.001) and short recurrence-free survival (RFS; P < 0.001) versus ctDNA-negative patients. In addition to ctDNA status, the univariate Cox model identified pathologic stage, lymphovascular invasion, nerve invasion, and preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level associated with RFS. We combined the ctDNA and clinicopathological risk factors (CTCP) to construct a model for recurrence prediction. A significantly higher recurrence rate (64.7% vs. 8.1%, P < 0.001) and worse RFS (P < 0.001) were seen in the high-risk patients classified by the CTCP model versus those in the low-risk patients. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that the CTCP model outperformed ctDNA alone at recurrence prediction, which increased the sensitivity of 2 year RFS from 49.6% by ctDNA alone to 87.5%. Harrell's concordance index, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis also suggested that the CTCP model had good discrimination, consistency, and clinical utility. These results were reproduced in the validation cohort. CONCLUSION Combining postoperative ctDNA and clinical risk may better predict recurrence than ctDNA alone for developing a personalized postoperative management strategy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoya Gao
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Huang
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Oncology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Medical Affairs, 3D Medicines, Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yang
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ke An
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Changmin Ding
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zheping Yuan
- Medical Affairs, 3D Medicines, Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhichao Zhai
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Niu
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qingkun Gao
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jinping Cai
- Medical Affairs, 3D Medicines, Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Qingmin Zeng
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhao Wang
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Hong
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wanshui Rong
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wensheng Huang
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Fuming Lei
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- grid.452694.80000 0004 0644 5625Department of Oncology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China ,grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqing Chen
- Medical Affairs, 3D Medicines, Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhao
- Medical Affairs, 3D Medicines, Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Yuezong Bai
- Medical Affairs, 3D Medicines, Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Gu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, No.9 Jinyuanzhuang Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China. .,Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Disease, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China. .,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China. .,Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing, China.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Alharbi R, Alrubaiaan A, Abdel-Razaq W, Alyousif G, Alkaiyat M. The Impact of Fasting the Holy Month of Ramadan on Colorectal Cancer Patients and Two Tumor Biomarkers: A Tertiary-Care Hospital Experience. Cureus 2023; 15:e33920. [PMID: 36819321 PMCID: PMC9936918 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan is a religious ritual practiced by the majority of Muslims around the globe. This daytime fasting is short-term or intermittent fasting, which may be associated with valuable health benefits, particularly in cancer patients. METHODS A prospective cohort study of pre- and post-fasting evaluation of 37 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) and King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital (KASCH)-oncology outpatient clinics. The study aimed to assess the impact of fasting during the holy month of Ramadan on the tolerability of chemotherapy side effects and to assess changes in the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) tumor biomarkers, which are primarily associated with certain types of carcinomas, including CRC. RESULTS A total of 33 patients (89.2%) had fasted at least part of the month of Ramadan. Twenty-seven patients (73%) reported "Serenity" after fasting during Ramadan with improved tolerability of chemotherapy side effects. However, the results did not reveal any significant difference in the measured laboratory variables between pre-fasting values and by the end of the 30 days of Ramadan. Although statistically insignificant, the levels of CEA and LDH were reduced in 46.9% and 55.6% of patients, respectively. The mean level of CEA in the fasting group was substantially reduced by more than 40%, attributed to the highly significant decline of CEA levels in three patients (p=0.0283). Moreover, there were no significant differences between pre- and post-fasting blood creatinine levels or estimated glomerular filtration rates, ruling out any possible adverse effects of fasting on renal function. CONCLUSION The current study confirms the safety and tolerability of intermittent fasting in CRC patients actively receiving chemotherapy, which is consistent with several reports. Nonetheless, the results did not reveal a significant decrease in CEA and LDH tumor biomarkers.
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Sieweke JT, Grosse GM, Weissenborn K, Derda AA, Biber S, Bauersachs J, Bavendiek U, Tillmanns J. Circulating fibroblast activation protein α is reduced in acute ischemic stroke. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1064157. [PMID: 36568546 PMCID: PMC9768027 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1064157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fibroblast activation protein α (FAP), a membrane glycoprotein with dipeptidyl-peptidase and collagenase properties, is expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and remodeling of the extracellular matrix based on fibrosis. Fibrosis is a main contributor of atrial cardiomyopathies. In acute MI, circulating FAP is associated with outcome. Here, we investigated the correlation of circulating FAP to echocardiographic parameters of atrial remodeling and neurological impairment in acute ischemic stroke. Methods Circulating FAP plasma concentrations were determined by ELISA in 47 patients with acute stroke and 22 control patients without stroke. Echocardiography was performed in all participants. Laboratory analysis, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scoring and prolonged Holter-ECG-monitoring were performed in all stroke patients. Results Patients with acute stroke had lower circulating FAP concentrations than the control cohort (92 ± 24 vs. 106 ± 22 ng/mL, P < 0.001). There was no difference between the circulating FAP concentration comparing stroke due to atrial fibrillation, embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) or atherosclerotic origin. Septal atrial conduction time (sPA-TDI) and left atrial (LA) volume index to tissue Doppler velocity (LAVI/a') representing echocardiographic parameters of LA remodeling did not correlate with FAP concentrations (sPA-TDI: r = 0.123, p = 0.31; LAVI/a': r = 0.183, p = 0.132). Stroke severity as assessed by NIHSS inversely correlated with circulating FAP (r = -0.318, p = 0.04). FAP concentration had a fair accuracy for identifying stroke in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis (AUC = 0.710, 95% CI: 0.577-0.843). A FAP concentration of 101 ng/mL discriminated between presence and absence of stroke with a sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 77%. Lower circulating FAP concentration was associated with cardio-cerebro-vascular events within 12 months after admission. Conclusions Our study is the first to associate FAP with echocardiographic parameters of LA-remodeling and function. FAP did not correlate with sPA-TDI and LAVI/a'. However, FAP was associated with stroke, neurological impairment, and cardio-cerebral events within 12 months. Therefore, FAP might enable individualized risk stratification in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Thorben Sieweke
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerrit M. Grosse
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Anselm A. Derda
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Saskia Biber
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Udo Bavendiek
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Tillmanns
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany,*Correspondence: Jochen Tillmanns
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Chen F, Dai X, Zhou CC, Li KX, Zhang YJ, Lou XY, Zhu YM, Sun YL, Peng BX, Cui W. Integrated analysis of the faecal metagenome and serum metabolome reveals the role of gut microbiome-associated metabolites in the detection of colorectal cancer and adenoma. Gut 2022; 71:1315-1325. [PMID: 34462336 PMCID: PMC9185821 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To profile gut microbiome-associated metabolites in serum and investigate whether these metabolites could distinguish individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC) or adenoma from normal healthy individuals. DESIGN Integrated analysis of untargeted serum metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and metagenome sequencing of paired faecal samples was applied to identify gut microbiome-associated metabolites with significantly altered abundance in patients with CRC and adenoma. The ability of these metabolites to discriminate between CRC and colorectal adenoma was tested by targeted metabolomic analysis. A model based on gut microbiome-associated metabolites was established and evaluated in an independent validation cohort. RESULTS In total, 885 serum metabolites were significantly altered in both CRC and adenoma, including eight gut microbiome-associated serum metabolites (GMSM panel) that were reproducibly detected by both targeted and untargeted metabolomics analysis and accurately discriminated CRC and adenoma from normal samples. A GMSM panel-based model to predict CRC and colorectal adenoma yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.98 (95% CI 0.94 to 1.00) in the modelling cohort and an AUC of 0.92 (83.5% sensitivity, 84.9% specificity) in the validation cohort. The GMSM model was significantly superior to the clinical marker carcinoembryonic antigen among samples within the validation cohort (AUC 0.92 vs 0.72) and also showed promising diagnostic accuracy for adenomas (AUC=0.84) and early-stage CRC (AUC=0.93). CONCLUSION Gut microbiome reprogramming in patients with CRC is associated with alterations of the serum metabolome, and GMSMs have potential applications for CRC and adenoma detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xudong Dai
- Dept of Clinical Research, Precogify Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Chun Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ke-Xin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yu-Juan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Lou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yuan-Min Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Lai Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Bao-Xiang Peng
- Clinical Laboratory, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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9
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Abstract
Most patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were diagnosed in advanced stage and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, early detection and prevention of CRC are very important. As with other cancers, there is also the tertiary prevention for CRC. The primary prevention is etiological prevention, which is mainly the treatment of adenoma or inflammation for preventing the development into cancer. The secondary prevention is the early diagnosis and early treatment for avoiding progressing to advanced cancer. The tertiary prevention belongs to the broad category of prevention, mainly for advanced CRC, through surgical treatment and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy for preventing tumor recurrence or metastasis. This consensus is based on the recent domestic and international consensus guidelines and the latest progress of international researches in the past five years. This consensus opinion seminar was hosted by the Chinese Society of Gastroenterology and Cancer Collaboration Group of Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, and was organized by the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology & Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The consensus opinion contains 60 statement clauses, the standard and basis of the evidence-based medicine grade and voting grade of the statement strictly complied with the relevant international regulations and practice.
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Nanotechnology-based approaches for effective detection of tumor markers: A comprehensive state-of-the-art review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:356-383. [PMID: 34920057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As well-appreciated biomarkers, tumor markers have been spotlighted as reliable tools for predicting the behavior of different tumors and helping clinicians ascertain the type of molecular mechanism of tumorigenesis. The sensitivity and specificity of these markers have made them an object of even broader interest for sensitive detection and staging of various cancers. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), fluorescence-based, mass-based, and electrochemical-based detections are current techniques for sensing tumor markers. Although some of these techniques provide good selectivity, certain obstacles, including a low sample concentration or difficulty carrying out the measurement, limit their application. With the advent of nanotechnology, many studies have been carried out to synthesize and employ nanomaterials (NMs) in sensing techniques to determine these tumor markers at low concentrations. The fabrication, sensitivity, design, and multiplexing of sensing techniques have been uplifted due to the attractive features of NMs. Various NMs, such as magnetic and metal nanoparticles, up-conversion NPs, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon-based NMs, quantum dots (QDs), and graphene-based nanosensors, hyperbranched polymers, optical nanosensors, piezoelectric biosensors, paper-based biosensors, microfluidic-based lab-on-chip sensors, and hybrid NMs have proven effective in detecting tumor markers with great sensitivity and selectivity. This review summarizes various categories of NMs for detecting these valuable markers, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3, MUC1), and cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and highlights recent nanotechnology-based advancements in detection of these prognostic biomarkers.
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11
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Harlid S, Gunter MJ, Van Guelpen B. Risk-Predictive and Diagnostic Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer; a Systematic Review of Studies Using Pre-Diagnostic Blood Samples Collected in Prospective Cohorts and Screening Settings. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4406. [PMID: 34503217 PMCID: PMC8430893 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review summarizes the evidence for blood-based colorectal cancer biomarkers from studies conducted in pre-diagnostic, asymptomatic settings. Of 1372 studies initially identified, the final selection included 30 studies from prospective cohorts and 23 studies from general screening settings. Overall, the investigations had high quality but considerable variability in data analysis and presentation of results, and few biomarkers demonstrated a clinically relevant discriminatory ability. One of the most promising biomarkers was the anti-p53 antibody, with consistent findings in one screening cohort and in the 3-4 years prior to diagnosis in two prospective cohort studies. Proteins were the most common type of biomarker assessed, particularly carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and C-reactive protein (CRP), with modest results. Other potentially promising biomarkers included proteins, such as AREG, MIC-1/GDF15, LRG1 and FGF-21, metabolites and/or metabolite profiles, non-coding RNAs and DNA methylation, as well as re-purposed routine lab tests, such as ferritin and the triglyceride-glucose index. Biomarker panels generally achieved higher discriminatory performance than single markers. In conclusion, this systematic review highlighted anti-p53 antibodies as a promising blood-based biomarker for use in colorectal cancer screening panels, together with other specific proteins. It also underscores the need for validation of promising biomarkers in independent pre-diagnostic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Harlid
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France;
| | - Bethany Van Guelpen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden;
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
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12
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Amilca-Seba K, Sabbah M, Larsen AK, Denis JA. Osteopontin as a Regulator of Colorectal Cancer Progression and Its Clinical Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153793. [PMID: 34359694 PMCID: PMC8345080 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The mortality of colorectal cancer is principally related to metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis or to the growth of initially undetectable micro-metastasis. Current therapeutic strategies are efficient in patients with locally advanced cancer, but are rarely able to cure patients with metastatic disease. Therapeutic failure is mainly associated with drug resistance and an aggressive phenotype. The identification of new biomarkers for micro-metastasis and tumor progression remains an unmet clinical need that should allow for improved patient stratification for optimal treatment and may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional protein, has emerged as a potentially valuable biomarker in several cancer types. This review principally describes the molecular mechanisms of OPN that are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and metastasis, as well as the use of OPN as a clinical biomarker. This review identifies a role for OPN as a biomarker ready for extended clinical application and discusses its use as a therapeutic target. Abstract A high expression of the phosphoprotein osteopontin (OPN) has been associated with cancer progression in several tumor types, including breast cancer, hepatocarcinoma, ovarian cancer, and colorectal cancer (CRC). Interestingly, OPN is overexpressed in CRC and is associated with a poor prognosis linked to invasion and metastasis. Here, we review the regulation and functions of OPN with an emphasis on CRC. We examine how epigenetic and genetic regulators interact with the key signaling pathways involved in this disease. Then, we describe the role of OPN in cancer progression, including proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, we outline the interest of using OPN as a clinical biomarker, and discuss if and how osteopontin can be implemented as a routine assay in clinical laboratories for monitoring CRC patients. Finally, we discuss the use of OPN an attractive, but challenging, therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katyana Amilca-Seba
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Michèle Sabbah
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 75016 Paris, France
| | - Annette K. Larsen
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 75016 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme A. Denis
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France; (K.A.-S.); (M.S.); (A.K.L.)
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U938, 75012 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology and Oncology Biochemistry, Pitié-Salpetrière Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)1-42-16-20-39
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13
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Chen G, Peng J, Xiao Q, Wu HX, Wu X, Wang F, Li L, Ding P, Zhao Q, Li Y, Wang D, Shao Y, Bao H, Pan Z, Ding KF, Cai S, Wang F, Xu RH. Postoperative circulating tumor DNA as markers of recurrence risk in stages II to III colorectal cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:80. [PMID: 34001194 PMCID: PMC8130394 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precise methods for postoperative risk stratification to guide the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in localized colorectal cancer (CRC) are still lacking. Here, we conducted a prospective, observational, and multicenter study to investigate the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in predicting the recurrence risk. METHODS From September 2017 to March 2020, 276 patients with stage II/III CRC were prospectively recruited in this study and 240 evaluable patients were retained for analysis, of which 1290 serial plasma samples were collected. Somatic variants in both the primary tumor and plasma were detected via a targeted sequencing panel of 425 cancer-related genes. Patients were treated and followed up per standard of care. RESULTS Preoperatively, ctDNA was detectable in 154 of 240 patients (64.2%). At day 3-7 postoperation, ctDNA positivity was associated with remarkably high recurrence risk (hazard ratio [HR], 10.98; 95%CI, 5.31-22.72; P < 0.001). ctDNA clearance and recurrence-free status was achieved in 5 out of 17 ctDNA-positive patients who were subjected to ACT. Likewise, at the first sampling point after ACT, ctDNA-positive patients were 12 times more likely to experience recurrence (HR, 12.76; 95%CI, 5.39-30.19; P < 0.001). During surveillance after definitive therapy, ctDNA positivity was also associated with extremely high recurrence risk (HR, 32.02; 95%CI, 10.79-95.08; P < 0.001). In all multivariate analyses, ctDNA positivity remained the most significant and independent predictor of recurrence-free survival after adjusting for known clinicopathological risk factors. Serial ctDNA analyses identified recurrence with an overall accuracy of 92.0% and could detect disease recurrence ahead of radiological imaging with a mean lead time of 5.01 months. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative serial ctDNA detection predicted high relapse risk and identified disease recurrence ahead of radiological imaging in patients with stage II/III CRC. ctDNA may be used to guide the decision-making in postsurgical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Junjie Peng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Hao-Xiang Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Fulong Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Liren Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Peirong Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yaqi Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Da Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yang Shao
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, 210032, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hua Bao
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing, 210032, China
| | - Zhizhong Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ke-Feng Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Cancer Center Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Sanjun Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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14
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Yajima S, Suzuki T, Oshima Y, Shiratori F, Funahashi K, Kawai S, Nanki T, Muraoka S, Urita Y, Saida Y, Okazumi S, Kitagawa Y, Hirata Y, Hasegawa H, Okabayashi K, Murakami M, Yamashita T, Kato R, Matsubara H, Murakami K, Nakajima Y, Sugita H, Klammer M, Shimada H. New Assay System Elecsys Anti-p53 to Detect Serum Anti-p53 Antibodies in Esophageal Cancer Patients and Colorectal Cancer Patients: Multi-institutional Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 28:4007-4015. [PMID: 33210269 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-09342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several recent studies suggest that serum anti-p53 antibodies (s-p53-Abs) may be combined with other markers to detect esophageal and colorectal cancer. In this study, we assessed the sensitivity and specificity of s-p53-Abs detection of a new electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA; Elecsys anti-p53). METHODS Elecsys anti-p53 assay was used to analyze the level of s-p53-Abs in blood sera from patients with esophageal or colorectal cancer taken before treatment. Control blood sera from healthy volunteers, patients with benign diseases, and patients with autoimmune diseases served as a reference. In addition, squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) and cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21-1) were assessed in patients with esophageal cancer, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 were assessed in patients with colorectal cancer. RESULTS Samples from 281 patients with esophageal cancer, 232 patients with colorectal cancer, and 532 controls were included in the study. The median value of s-p53-Abs in control samples was < 0.02 μg/mL (range < 0.02-29.2 μg/mL). Assuming 98% specificity, the cut-off value was determined as 0.05 μg/mL. s-p53-Abs were detected in 20% (57/281) of patients with esophageal cancer and 18% (42/232) of patients with colorectal cancer. In combination with SCC-Ag and CEA, respectively, s-p53-Abs detected 51% (144/281) of patients with esophageal and 53% (124/232) of patients with colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS The new s-p53-Abs assay Elecsys anti-p53 was useful in detecting esophageal and colorectal cancers with high specificity. Adding s-p53-Abs to conventional markers significantly improved the overall detection rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yajima
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Oshima
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Shiratori
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Funahashi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kawai
- Department of Inflammation and Pain Control Research, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nanki
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sei Muraoka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Urita
- General Medicine and Emergency Center, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Saida
- Department of Surgery, Ohashi Medical Center, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Okazumi
- Department of Surgery, Sakura Medical Center, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirata
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Hasegawa
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Okabayashi
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Rei Kato
- Department of Surgery, Showa University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisahiro Matsubara
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kentaro Murakami
- Department of Frontier Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Nakajima
- Esophageal Surgery, Medical Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Martin Klammer
- Department of Biostatistics and Advanced Data Analytics, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.
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15
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Altered Tissue and Plasma Levels of Fibroblast Activation Protein-α (FAP) in Renal Tumours. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113393. [PMID: 33207686 PMCID: PMC7696212 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Malignant epithelial tumour’s behaviour in the kidney has traditionally been analysed attending to different prognostic parameters focussed on the proliferating neoplastic cell. This is the case of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), in which a large tumour diameter, high histological grade, and the presence of necrosis, among other factors, have been related with a high risk of distant metastasis and, therefore, worse survival. Recently, several elements of the tumour microenviroment, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), are being studied in order to develop more accurate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We present data that support that the fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP), a CAF biomarker, provides interesting information both in tumour tissues and in plasma from patients with RCC. Abstract (1) Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous and complex disease with only partial response to therapy, high incidence of metastasis and recurrences, and scarce reliable biomarkers indicative of progression and survival. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important role supporting and promoting renal cancer progression. (2) Methods: In this study, we analysed fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) immunohistochemical expression and its soluble isoform (sFAP) in tumour tissues and plasma from 128 patients with renal tumours. (3) Results: FAP is expressed in the cell surface of CAFs of the tumour centre and infiltrating front from clear cell renal cell carcinomas (CCRCC, n = 89), papillary renal cell carcinomas (PRCC, n = 21), and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (ChRCC, n = 8), but not in the benign tumour renal oncocytoma (RO, n = 10). A high expression of FAP and low levels sFAP are significantly associated with high tumour diameter, high grade, and high pT stage, lymph node invasion, development of early metastases, and worse 5-year cancer specific survival of CCRCC patients. (4) Conclusions: These findings corroborate the potential usefulness of FAP immunohistochemistry and plasma sFAP as a biomarker of CCRCC progression and point to CAF-related proteins as promising immunohistochemical biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of ChRCC and RO.
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Lv J, Dong Y, Gu Z, Yang D. Programmable DNA Nanoflowers for Biosensing, Bioimaging, and Therapeutics. Chemistry 2020; 26:14512-14524. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jigang Lv
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology Key Laboratory of, Systems Bioengineering (MOE) School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Yuhang Dong
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology Key Laboratory of, Systems Bioengineering (MOE) School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Zi Gu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Dayong Yang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology Key Laboratory of, Systems Bioengineering (MOE) School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
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Žlajpah M, Boštjančič E, Zidar N. (Epi)genetic regulation of osteopontin in colorectal cancerogenesis. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1389-1403. [PMID: 32921164 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To identify (epi)genetic regulators of osteopontin (OPN, encoded by SPP1 gene) from normal colon mucosa to adenoma, adenoma with early carcinoma and advanced carcinoma. Patients & methods: Biopsy samples of 41 patients with different patohistologic diagnosis were used. Using qPCR, pyrosequencing and statistical analysis, we determined the expression level of osteopontin regulatory miRNAs, its copy number and methylation status. Results & conclusion: We showed that hsa-miR-146a-5p expression is inversely proportional to the expression level of SPP1 and that expression might be also controlled by copy number and methylation. These results suggest that not only expression of SPP1 but also its copy number, methylation status and expression of its regulators might be used as a potential biomarker of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margareta Žlajpah
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Emanuela Boštjančič
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Zidar
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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18
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Altered expression of fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) in colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence and in lymph node and liver metastases. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10337-10358. [PMID: 32428869 PMCID: PMC7346028 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health problem in elderly people because of its high incidence and high mortality rate. Despite early screening programs, more than half of CRC patients are diagnosed at advanced stages. Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) has been associated with a higher risk of metastases and poor survival. Here, we have analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of FAP in 41 adenoma-carcinoma sequences. In addition, FAP expression was analyzed individually and in combination with β-catenin (BCAT), CD44 and Cyclin-D1 expression in primary tumors and in their corresponding lymph node and liver metastases (n=294). Finally, soluble FAP (sFAP) levels in plasma from CRC patients (n=127) were also analyzed by ELISA. FAP was expressed only in CRC tissue and its expression level was found to be higher in tumors exhibiting deeper local invasion and poorer cancer cell differentiation. FAP and concomitant nuclear BCAT expression in cancer cells at the infiltrating front of primary tumors and in lymph node metastases was independently associated with 5- and 10-year cancer specific and disease-free survival. Moreover, lower sFAP levels correlated with poorer survival. These findings support the potential importance of FAP as a biomarker of CRC development and progression.
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Li H, Wang Y, Rong SK, Li L, Chen T, Fan YY, Wang YF, Yang CR, Yang C, Cho WC, Yang J. Integrin α1 promotes tumorigenicity and progressive capacity of colorectal cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:815-826. [PMID: 32071551 PMCID: PMC7019142 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.37275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of death globally. Integrin α1 (ITGA1) belongs to integrin family and involves in regulating cell adhesion, invasion, proliferation and tumorigenicity, its expression is up-regulated in various cancers, including CRC. However, the molecular understanding and clinical relevance of ITGA1 in the development and progression of CRC remain unclear. In the present study, we detected ITGA1 in 50 CRC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues, sera from 100 CRC patients and 50 healthy subjects, and four CRC cell lines using immunohistochemistry staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting. We found that the ITGA1 protein was significantly higher in human CRC tissues and cell lines than both paired non-tumor tissues and normal cells, respectively. In addition, the serum concentration of ITGA1 was also higher in CRC patients compared to the healthy subjects (p<0.01) and was significantly associated with metastatic TNM stages (p<0.0001) and circulating carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) (p<0.022). Furthermore, down-regulation of ITGA1 with transfecting LV-shITGA1 inhibited the progressive capacity of cell migration and invasion in CRC SW480 cell line and the tumorgenicity in nude mice. In functional studies, ITGA1 knockdown also inhibited Ras/ERK signaling pathway by decreasing the expression of Ras, p-Erk1/2 and c-Myc in SW480. Contrastly, when evelated expression of ITGA1 in NCM460 coincided with the increased expression of Ras, p-Erk1/2 and c-Myc. Taken together, our findings suggest that ITGA1 is an oncogene with a capability to promote CRC cell migration, invasion and tumorigenicity by activating the Ras/Erk signaling, implying that it may be a novel target for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC, and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.,College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shangluo International Medical Center Hospital, Shangluo, Shanxi 726000, China
| | - Shi-Kuo Rong
- College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Public Health and Management School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Tuo Chen
- College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Ya-Yun Fan
- Department of Gynaecology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Chun-Rong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.,College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jiali Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
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20
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Rasmussen L, Nielsen HJ, Christensen IJ. Early Detection and Recurrence of Colorectal Adenomas by Combination of Eight Cancer-Associated Biomarkers in Plasma. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2020; 13:273-284. [PMID: 32884322 PMCID: PMC7434628 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s251633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plasma levels of eight combined proteins have shown value as biomarkers for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, their value in identifying colorectal adenoma needs further evaluation. The aim was to evaluate the eight proteins (AFP, CA19-9, CEA, CyFra21-1, Ferritin, Galectin-3, hs-CRP and TIMP-1) in detection of high-risk adenoma (HRA) and in prediction of recurrence of adenoma. Furthermore, the discrimination between HRA and low-risk adenoma (LRA) or CRC lesions was evaluated. METHODS The study included 4698 individuals undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy. Automated ELISA platforms were used in the determination of protein levels in samples collected just before colonoscopy. RESULTS Univariably, five proteins (AFP, CEA, CyFra21-1, hs-CRP and TIMP-1), respectively, significantly discriminated individuals with HRA from individuals with non-malignant findings. Multivariably, the combination of CEA and hs-CRP improved performance; AUC= 0.63 (sensitivity=0.19 at specificity=0.90). CyFra21-1, Ferritin and TIMP-1 demonstrated significant discrimination between individuals with HRA and LRA in univariable analyses, respectively. Performance was improved in multivariable analysis; AUC=0.61 (sensitivity=0.13 at specificity=0.90). Discrimination between individuals with colorectal adenomas and healthy individuals was significant for CA19-9, CEA, hs-CRP and TIMP-1, respectively, in univariable analyses. Multivariable analysis improved performance; AUC=0.63 (sensitivity=0.17 at specificity=0.90). All proteins except AFP demonstrated significant discrimination between individuals with HRA and CRC. Combination of CEA, CyFra21-1, Ferritin, hs-CRP and TIMP-1 in multivariable analysis improved discrimination; AUC=0.78 (sensitivity=0.34 at specificity=0.90). Association between plasma levels of any of the eight proteins and recurrence of colorectal adenomas after endoscopic removal could not be demonstrated. DISCUSSION The protein panel shows a promising potential in detection of colorectal adenomas in general, but specifically of HRA. However, improvements are needed for the panel to be valuable as a screening test. Finally, plasma levels of the eight proteins were not predictive of recurrence of colorectal adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Rasmussen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology 360, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre2650, Denmark
- Correspondence: Louise RasmussenDepartment of Surgical Gastroenterology 360, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre2650, Denmark Email
| | - Hans Jørgen Nielsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology 360, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre2650, Denmark
| | - Ib Jarle Christensen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology 360, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre2650, Denmark
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21
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Chu LY, Guo DM, Chen JT, Fang WK, Xie JJ, Peng YH, Xu YW, Li XX. The Diagnostic Value of Serum L1CAM in Patients With Colorectal Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820920971. [PMID: 32356487 PMCID: PMC7225793 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820920971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer is one of the most important malignant cancer in the world with high incidence and mortality. Some studies have found that the expression of low serum L1 cell adhesion molecule is associated with poor prognosis in some malignancies. It is suggested that L1 cell adhesion molecule is a candidate serum marker for certain tumors. However, the relationship between serum L1 cell adhesion molecule and colorectal cancer, especially about the diagnostic value, is rarely reported. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of serum L1 cell adhesion molecule in patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out to detect L1 cell adhesion molecule level in sera of 229 patients with colorectal cancer and 145 normal controls. Receiver operating characteristic curves were employed to calculate the accuracy of diagnosis. RESULTS The levels of serum L1 cell adhesion molecule in the colorectal cancer group were significantly lower than that in normal controls (P < .05). In the normal group, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (area under the curve) of all colorectal cancer was 0.781 (95% confidence interval: 0.734-0.828) and early-stage colorectal cancer was 0.764 (95% confidence interval: 0.705-0.823). With optimized cutoff of 17.760 ng/mL, L1 cell adhesion molecule showed certain diagnostic value with specificity of 90.3% and sensitivities of 43.2% and 36.2% in colorectal cancer and early-stage colorectal cancer, respectively. Clinical data analysis showed that the levels of L1 cell adhesion molecule were significantly correlated with gender (P < .05) and early and late stages (P < .05). Furthermore, when compared with carcinoembryonic antigen, serum L1 cell adhesion molecule had significantly improved diagnostic accuracy for both colorectal cancer and early-stage colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that serum L1 cell adhesion molecule might be served as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yu Chu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Dong-Ming Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jun-Tian Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wang-Kai Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jian-Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Yi-Wei Xu, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Xin-Xin Li, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Chang Ping Road, Shantou 515041, China.
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22
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Qiu B, Chu LY, Li XX, Peng YH, Xu YW, Xie JJ, Chen XY. Diagnostic Value of Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 7 (IGFBP7) in Colorectal Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12131-12139. [PMID: 33262611 PMCID: PMC7699993 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s266478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 (IGFBP-7) has been found in several malignant tumors. Here, we aimed to assess the diagnostic potential of serum IGFBP7 in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect IGFBP7 level in the serum of 115 CRC patients and 107 healthy controls, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) was used to evaluate the accuracy of diagnosis. RESULTS The levels of serum IGFBP7 were significantly higher in CRC than those in normal controls (P < 0.001). With optimized cutoff of 2.050 ng/mL, IGFBP7 showed certain diagnostic value with specificity of 93.9%, sensitivity of 64.5% and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.815 (95% CI: 0.754-0.877) in CRC. In early-stage CRC, IGFBP7 provided an AUC of 0.826 (95% CI: 0.757-0.896), a sensitivity of 64.5%, and a specificity of 95.8%. Furthermore, when compared with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), the accuracy of serum IGFBP7 in the diagnosis of CRC and early-stage CRC were significantly improved. Analysis of clinical data shows that there are no significant differences between IGFBP7 and clinical factors. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that serum IGFBP7 might serve as a potential biomarker for early-stage CRC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Jiaying University, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yu Chu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Xie
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department of Pediatric, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiao-Yang Chen; Jian-Jun Xie Email
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23
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ÜÇÜNCÜ MZ. Kolorektal Kanserlerin Tanı ve Prognostik Takibinde Eski ve Yeni Serum Biyobelirteçleri: Sistematik İnceleme ve Meta-Analiz. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2019. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.592956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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24
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Hall C, Clarke L, Pal A, Buchwald P, Eglinton T, Wakeman C, Frizelle F. A Review of the Role of Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Clinical Practice. Ann Coloproctol 2019; 35:294-305. [PMID: 31937069 PMCID: PMC6968721 DOI: 10.3393/ac.2019.11.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is not normally produced in significant quantities after birth but is elevated in colorectal cancer. The aim of this review was to define the current role of CEA and how best to investigate patients with elevated CEA levels. A systematic review of CEA was performed, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies were identified from PubMed, Cochrane library, and controlled trials registers. We identified 2,712 papers of which 34 were relevant. Analysis of these papers found higher preoperative CEA levels were associated with advanced or metastatic disease and thus poorer prognosis. Postoperatively, failure of CEA to return to normal was found to be indicative of residual or recurrent disease. However, measurement of CEA levels alone was not sufficient to improve survival rates. Two algorithms are proposed to guide investigation of patients with elevated CEA: one for patients with elevated CEA after CRC resection, and another for patients with de novo elevated CEA. CEA measurement has an important role in the investigation, management and follow-up of patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Hall
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Louise Clarke
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Atanu Pal
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Pamela Buchwald
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Tim Eglinton
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Chris Wakeman
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Frank Frizelle
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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25
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Liu S, Tan Q, Song Y, Shi Y, Han X. Anti‐p53 autoantibody in blood as a diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer: A meta‐analysis. Scand J Immunol 2019; 91:e12829. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
- Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs Beijing China
| | - Qiaoyun Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs Beijing China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs Beijing China
| | - Yuankai Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs Beijing China
| | - Xiaohong Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
- Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs Beijing China
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Bhardwaj M, Gies A, Weigl K, Tikk K, Benner A, Schrotz-King P, Borchers CH, Brenner H. Evaluation and Validation of Plasma Proteins Using Two Different Protein Detection Methods for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101426. [PMID: 31557860 PMCID: PMC6826652 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Plasma protein biomarkers could be an efficient alternative for population-based screening for early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). The objective of this study was to evaluate and validate plasma proteins individually and as a signature for early detection of CRC. Methods: In a three-stage design, proteins were measured firstly by liquid chromatography/multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (LC/MRM-MS) and later by proximity extension assay (PEA) in a discovery set consisting of 96 newly diagnosed CRC cases and 94 controls free of neoplasms at screening colonoscopy. Two algorithms (one for each measurement method) were derived by Lasso regression and .632+ bootstrap based on 11 proteins that were included in both the LC/MRM-MS and PEA measurements. Additionally, another algorithm was constructed from the same eleven biomarkers plus amphireglin, the most promising protein marker in the PEA measurements that had not been available from the LC/MRM-MS measurements. Lastly the three prediction signatures were validated with PEA in independent samples of participants of screening colonoscopy (CRC (n = 56), advanced adenoma (n = 101), and participants free of neoplasm (n = 102)). Results: The same four proteins were included in all three prediction signatures; mannan binding lectin serine protease 1, osteopontin, serum paraoxonase lactonase 3 and transferrin receptor protein 1, and the third prediction signature additionally included amphiregulin. In the independent validation set from a true screening setting, the five-marker blood-based signature including AREG presented areas under the curves of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.74–0.89), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.77–0.92) and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.64–0.86) for all, early and late stages CRC, respectively. Conclusion: Two different measurement methods consistently identified four protein markers and an algorithm additionally including amphiregulin, a marker measured by PEA only, showed promising performance for detecting early stage CRC in an independent validation in a true screening setting. These proteins may be potential candidates for blood-based tests for early detection of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Bhardwaj
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Anton Gies
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Korbinian Weigl
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Kaja Tikk
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Axel Benner
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Petra Schrotz-King
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- University of Victoria-Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria (UVic), Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada.
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada.
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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27
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Iwasaki H, Shimura T, Kataoka H. Current status of urinary diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 498:76-83. [PMID: 31421118 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and flexible sigmoidoscopy are the currently using screening methods for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, these methods still have problems of high false positive rates in FOBT and increased invasiveness and cost associated with endoscopy. The development of non-invasive biomarkers is thus important for the diagnosis of CRC. Urine is one of the most commonly used samples for mass screening owing to its non-invasive and simple process of collection; however, the discovery of urinary diagnostic biomarkers for malignancies is still challenging and developing. Since urine contains abundant substances reflecting systemic body condition, urinary biomarker might contribute to detect CRC in a completely non-invasive manner. In this review, we describe the current utility of urinary diagnostic biomarkers for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Iwasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takaya Shimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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28
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Lindner T, Loktev A, Giesel F, Kratochwil C, Altmann A, Haberkorn U. Targeting of activated fibroblasts for imaging and therapy. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2019; 4:16. [PMID: 31659499 PMCID: PMC6658625 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-019-0069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors form a complex environment consisting of a variety of non-malignant cells. Especially cancer-associated fibroblasts have been shown to have an important role for different aspects of malignant tumors such as migration, metastasis, resistance to chemotherapy and immunosuppression. Therefore, a targeting of these cells may be useful for both imaging and therapy. In this respect, an interesting target is the fibroblast activation protein (FAP) which is expressed in activated fibroblasts, but not in quiescent fibroblasts, giving the opportunity to use this membrane-anchored enzyme as a target for radionuclide-based approaches for diagnosis and treatment of tumors and for the diagnosis of non-malignant disease associated with a remodelling of the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lindner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anastasia Loktev
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederik Giesel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Clemens Kratochwil
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annette Altmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Haberkorn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
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Santaolalla A, Garmo H, Grigoriadis A, Ghuman S, Hammar N, Jungner I, Walldius G, Lambe M, Holmberg L, Van Hemelrijck M. Metabolic profiles to predict long-term cancer and mortality: the use of latent class analysis. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:28. [PMID: 31337337 PMCID: PMC6651931 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolites are genetically and environmentally determined. Consequently, they can be used to characterize environmental exposures and reveal biochemical mechanisms that link exposure to disease. To explore disease susceptibility and improve population risk stratification, we aimed to identify metabolic profiles linked to carcinogenesis and mortality and their intrinsic associations by characterizing subgroups of individuals based on serum biomarker measurements. We included 13,615 participants from the Swedish Apolipoprotein MOrtality RISk Study who had measurements for 19 biomarkers representative of central metabolic pathways. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was applied to characterise individuals based on their biomarker values (according to medical cut-offs), which were then examined as predictors of cancer and death using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS LCA identified four metabolic profiles within the population: (1) normal values for all markers (63% of population); (2) abnormal values for lipids (22%); (3) abnormal values for liver functioning (9%); (4) abnormal values for iron and inflammation metabolism (6%). All metabolic profiles (classes 2-4) increased risk of cancer and mortality, compared to class 1 (e.g. HR for overall death was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.16-1.37), 1.67 (95% CI: 1.47-1.90), and 1.21 (95% CI: 1.05-1.41) for class 2, 3, and 4, respectively). CONCLUSION We present an innovative approach to risk stratify a well-defined population based on LCA metabolic-defined subgroups for cancer and mortality. Our results indicate that standard of care baseline serum markers, when assembled into meaningful metabolic profiles, could help assess long term risk of disease and provide insight in disease susceptibility and etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Santaolalla
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Hans Garmo
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King’s College London, London, UK
- Regional Oncologic Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Bioinformatics, Breast Cancer Now, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Sundeep Ghuman
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King’s College London, London, UK
- Guy’s and St Thomas, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Niklas Hammar
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingmar Jungner
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiological Unit, Karolinska Institutet and CALAB Research, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Walldius
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lambe
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Holmberg
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Mieke Van Hemelrijck
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King’s College London, London, UK
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kang S, Pang WK, Ryu DY, Song WH, Rahman MS, Park YJ, Pang MG. Porcine seminal protein-I and II mRNA expression in boar spermatozoa is significantly correlated with fertility. Theriogenology 2019; 138:31-38. [PMID: 31280183 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, genomic and proteomic biomarkers have been identified for the diagnosis of male fertility to overcome the limitations of conventional semen analysis. Owing to the limited genes available so far, the single gene approach is commonly adopted for analyzing the phenotype of interest. However, the single-gene approach is less effective than multiple-gene strategies for diagnosing a desirable phenotype. Herein, we investigate the ability of two fertility-related genomic markers (porcine seminal protein (PSP)-I and PSP-II) in spermatozoa to predict boar litter size in addition to conventional semen parameters. First, we examined different semen parameters (motility, motion kinematics, and capacitation status) and gene expression in high- and low-litter size boar spermatozoa. Then, we evaluated the correlation of these parameters with the fertility of 21 Yorkshire boars. Finally, we investigated the efficacy of single/combined markers to predict male fertility using a comprehensive statistical model. Our result showed that there were no significant differences in sperm motility, motion kinematics, or capacitation status, however, the mRNA expression of PSP-I and PSP-II in spermatozoa was significantly different in high- and low-litter size boars. In the individual screening test, the expression of both genes was negatively correlated with boar fertility (r = 0-0.578 and -0.456, respectively), whereas only hyperactivation (HYP) showed a positive correlation (r = 0.444) among the tested semen parameters. As single markers, PSP-I and PSP-II have a better diagnostic power to predict boar fertility, regardless of HYP, in quality assessment analyses. In addition, when these markers were combined, the positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall test effectiveness for fertility detection were improved. Surprisingly, when PSP-I and PSP-II were considered together, the deviation of the predicted average litter size between high- and low-litter size boars was 1.77. Based on the findings, we suggest that the use of genomic markers in spermatozoa rather than commonly analyzed semen parameters may be more accurate for evaluating male fertility. Moreover, using a combination of markers could increase the overall accuracy of (in)fertility predictions, and thus, could be considered for field application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saehan Kang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ki Pang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeal Ryu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Hee Song
- Department of Animal Science and Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Saidur Rahman
- Department of Animal Science and Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Park
- Department of Animal Science and Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Nakamura Y, Tanese K, Hirai I, Amagai M, Kawakami Y, Funakoshi T. Serum cytokeratin 19 fragment 21‐1 and carcinoembryonic antigen combination assay as a biomarker of tumour progression and treatment response in extramammary Paget disease. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:535-543. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Tanese
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - I. Hirai
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Amagai
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Y. Kawakami
- Division of Cellular Signaling Institute for Advanced Medical Research Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Funakoshi
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
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Xie M, Li K, Li J, Lu D, Hu B. Association and diagnostic value of serum SPINK4 in colorectal cancer. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6679. [PMID: 30976466 PMCID: PMC6451835 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of serum serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 4 (SPINK4), in colorectal cancer (CRC) is largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the association and diagnostic value of serum SPINK4 in CRC. A total of 70 preoperative CRC patients, 30 postoperative CRC patients, 30 gastric cancer patients, and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we found that the serum SPINK4 level was significantly increased in preoperative CRC compared with postoperative CRC patients, gastric cancer patients, and healthy controls (p < 0.05). The serum SPINK4 level was remarkably elevated in colon cancer compared with rectal cancer and was enhanced in the M1 stage compared with the M0 stage (p < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of serum SPINK4 level in the diagnosis of CRC was 0.9186, with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.886 and 0.900, respectively, and a cut-off value of 2.065. There was no significant difference between high and low expression of serum SPINK4 regarding the overall survival time and disease-free survival (p > 0.05). This study demonstrated that the serum SPINK4 level increased in CRC and was associated with the location and distant metastasis of CRC. It had a high diagnostic value in CRC but was not associated with the survival of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhi Xie
- Department of Chemotherapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Kezhi Li
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jilin Li
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Dongcheng Lu
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Bangli Hu
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
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33
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Shi Q, Gao Z, Wu P, Heng F, Lei F, Wang Y, Gao Q, Zeng Q, Niu P, Li C, Gu J. An enrichment model using regular health examination data for early detection of colorectal cancer. Chin J Cancer Res 2019; 31:686-698. [PMID: 31564811 PMCID: PMC6736654 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2019.04.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Challenges remain in current practices of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, such as low compliance, low specificities and expensive cost. This study aimed to identify high-risk groups for CRC from the general population using regular health examination data. Methods The study population consist of more than 7,000 CRC cases and more than 140,000 controls. Using regular health examination data, a model detecting CRC cases was derived by the classification and regression trees (CART) algorithm. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to evaluate the performance of models. The robustness and generalization of the CART model were validated by independent datasets. In addition, the effectiveness of CART-based screening was compared with stool-based screening. Results After data quality control, 4,647 CRC cases and 133,898 controls free of colorectal neoplasms were used for downstream analysis. The final CART model based on four biomarkers (age, albumin, hematocrit and percent lymphocytes) was constructed. In the test set, the area under ROC curve (AUC) of the CART model was 0.88 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.87-0.90] for detecting CRC. At the cutoff yielding 99.0% specificity, this model's sensitivity was 62.2% (95% CI, 58.1%-66.2%), thereby achieving a 63-fold enrichment of CRC cases. We validated the robustness of the method across subsets of test set with diverse CRC incidences, aging rates, genders ratio, distributions of tumor stages and locations, and data sources. Importantly, CART-based screening had the higher positive predictive value (1.6%) than fecal immunochemical test (0.3%). Conclusions As an alternative approach for the early detection of CRC, this study provides a low-cost method using regular health examination data to identify high-risk individuals for CRC for further examinations. The approach can promote early detection of CRC especially in developing countries such as China, where annual health examination is popular but regular CRC-specific screening is rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Shougang Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhaoya Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Shougang Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Pengze Wu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fanxiu Heng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Information Technology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Fuming Lei
- Department of General Surgery, Shougang Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanzhao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shougang Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qingkun Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Shougang Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qingmin Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Shougang Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Pengfei Niu
- Department of General Surgery, Shougang Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shougang Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Center for Statistical Science, Center for Bioinformatics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jin Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Shougang Hospital, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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Costea T, Hudiță A, Ciolac OA, Gălățeanu B, Ginghină O, Costache M, Ganea C, Mocanu MM. Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer by Dietary Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3787. [PMID: 30487390 PMCID: PMC6321468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of death, and the third most diagnosed type of cancer, worldwide. It is most common amongst men and women over 50 years old. Risk factors include smoking, alcohol, diet, physical inactivity, genetics, alterations in gut microbiota, and associated pathologies (diabetes, obesity, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases). This review will discuss, in detail, the chemopreventive properties of some dietary compounds (phenolic compounds, carotenoids, iridoids, nitrogen compounds, organosulfur compounds, phytosterols, essential oil compounds, polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber) against colorectal cancer. We present recent data, focusing on in vitro, laboratory animals and clinical trials with the previously mentioned compounds. The chemopreventive properties of the dietary compounds involve multiple molecular and biochemical mechanisms of action, such as inhibition of cell growth, inhibition of tumor initiation, inhibition of adhesion, migration and angiogenesis, apoptosis, interaction with gut microbiota, regulation of cellular signal transduction pathways and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, etc. Moreover, this review will also focus on the natural dietary compounds' bioavailability, their synergistic protective effect, as well as the association with conventional therapy. Dietary natural compounds play a major role in colorectal chemoprevention and continuous research in this field is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Costea
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Phytotherapy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Ariana Hudiță
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Oana-Alina Ciolac
- Department of Biophysics, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Bianca Gălățeanu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Octav Ginghină
- Department of Surgery, "Sf. Ioan" Emergency Clinical Hospital, 042122 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department II, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Marieta Costache
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Constanța Ganea
- Department of Biophysics, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Maria-Magdalena Mocanu
- Department of Biophysics, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
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Qian J, Tikk K, Werner S, Balavarca Y, Saadati M, Hechtner M, Brenner H. Biomarker discovery study of inflammatory proteins for colorectal cancer early detection demonstrated importance of screening setting validation. J Clin Epidemiol 2018; 104:24-34. [PMID: 30076979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most studies identifying inflammatory markers for early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) were conducted using clinically manifest cases. We aimed to identify circulating inflammatory biomarkers for early detection of CRC and validate them in both a clinical setting and a true screening setting. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING A total of 92 inflammatory proteins were quantified in baseline plasma samples from individuals clinically diagnosed with CRC and neoplasm-free controls matched on age and sex (training set). A multimarker panel was selected and evaluated in samples from another clinical setting (validation set C) and a screening setting (validation set S). RESULTS In the training set (N = 330), a five-biomarker signature was selected that provided an area under curve (AUC) of 0.85 and 60.9% sensitivity to detect CRC at 90% specificity. When this algorithm was applied to validation set C (N = 318), the AUC (0.80) and sensitivity (49.5%) at 90% specificity for CRC diagnosis were only slightly lower than those in the training set. By contrast, the diagnostic performance of the algorithm in validation set S (N = 126) from a true screening setting was much poorer, with an AUC of 0.59 and a sensitivity of 28.6% at 90% specificity. CONCLUSIONS An inflammation-related protein panel with apparently good diagnostic properties for CRC detection was identified and confirmed in an independent clinical validation set. However, the biomarker combination performed substantially worse in a validation sample from a true screening setting. Our results underline the importance of validation in screening settings subsequently to novel signature discovery for cancer early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qian
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kaja Tikk
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Werner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yesilda Balavarca
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maral Saadati
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marlene Hechtner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Xie L, Jiang X, Li Q, Sun Z, Quan W, Duan Y, Li D, Chen T. Diagnostic Value of Methylated Septin9 for Colorectal Cancer Detection. Front Oncol 2018; 8:247. [PMID: 30013949 PMCID: PMC6036110 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methylated Septin9 (mSEPT9) has been suggested as a reliable biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC) detection. We aimed to determine the diagnostic value of mSEPT9 for CRC detection in Chinese patients. In addition, we compared the diagnostic efficacy of mSEPT9 to traditional screening method [fecal occult blood test (FOBT)] and two biomarkers [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen-199 (Ca-199)]. Methods Overall 248 subjects including 123 patients with CRC and 125 controls were included. Plasma and fecal samples were collected for CEA, Ca-199, mSEPT9, and FOBT tests. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each method; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted for the assessment of diagnostic accuracy, and comparisons among FOBT, mSEPT9, and the combination were assessed through area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results mSEPT9 achieved overall sensitivity and specificity of 61.8% [95% confidence interval (CI): 53.0–69.9%] and 89.6% (83.0–93.8%), respectively, with an AUC value of 0.757 (95% CI: 0.701–0.807), superior to FOBT [sensitivity: 61.4% (50.9–70.9%); specificity: 70.3% (59.1–79.5%); AUC: 0.658 (0.578–0.723)], CEA [sensitivity: 35.0% (27.1–43.7%); specificity: 62.6% (53.8–70.7%); AUC: 0.485 (0.411–0.559)], and Ca-199 [sensitivity: 17.9% (12.1–25.6%); specificity: 55.7% (48.9–64.1%); AUC: 0.353 (0.283–0.423)]. The combination of mSEPT9 and FOBT further improved sensitivity and AUC value of 84.1% (75.1–90.3%) and 0.807 (0.752–0.863), respectively, while specificity was declined to 62.2% (50.8–72.4%). Conclusion mSEPT9 demonstrated best diagnostic ability in CRC detection compared with FOBT, CEA, and Ca-199. The combination of mSEPT9 and FOBT further improved diagnostic sensitivity especially for early stage disease, which may provide a new approach for future CRC screening, though further investigations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai First People's Hospital, BaoShan Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyi Jiang
- Group of Molecular Epidemiology & Cancer Precision Prevention, Institute of Occupational Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai First People's Hospital, BaoShan Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Zujun Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqiang Quan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ninghai First People's Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuping Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai First People's Hospital, BaoShan Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhui Chen
- Group of Molecular Epidemiology & Cancer Precision Prevention, Institute of Occupational Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Attallah AM, El-Far M, Ibrahim AR, El-Desouky MA, Omran MM, Elbendary MS, Attallah KA, Qura ER, Abdallah SO. Clinical value of a diagnostic score for colon cancer based on serum CEA, CA19-9, cytokeratin-1 and mucin-1. Br J Biomed Sci 2018; 75:122-127. [PMID: 29734875 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2018.1456309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although established markers such as CEA and CA19-9 are important for diagnosing early stages of colon cancer, they are not ideal. Developing promising markers include cytokeratin 1 (CK1) and mucin-1 (MUC1), but the combined value of each of these markers is unclear. We therefore evaluated the value of a combined laboratory-based score of these four markers in the diagnosis of colon cancer. METHODS Two hundred patients who had undergone colonoscopic examination (150 colon cancer, 50 benign growths) were recruited. The study was controlled by 35 healthy subjects. CEA, CA19-9, CK1 and MUC1 were measured by ELISA and evaluated for cancer diagnosis using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS Serum levels of all four markers were increased in the order colon cancer > benign disease > healthy controls (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, CA19.9 (p = 0.025), CK1 (p < 0.001) and MUC1 (p = 0.009) were significant independent predictors of colon cancer. A score that gave the greatest power of discrimination for colon cancer was defined as 1.06 + [0.001 × CA19.9 result] + [0.003 × CEA result] + [0.03 × CK1 result] + [0.05 × MUC1 result]. The colon score provided superior discrimination, AUC, and sensitivity and specificity for colon cancer versus benign growth than each of the individual markers. Similarly, the colon score provided superior AUC, and sensitivity and specificity that each individual marker for tumour stage, lymph node invasion and distant organ metastases than each individual marker. CONCLUSION A colon score derived from serum CEA, CA19-9, CK1 and MUC1 is a potential valuable non-invasive index that could be used for detection and screening early stage colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Attallah
- a Research & Development Department , Biotechnology Research Center , New Damietta , Egypt
| | - M El-Far
- b Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - A R Ibrahim
- a Research & Development Department , Biotechnology Research Center , New Damietta , Egypt
| | - M A El-Desouky
- c Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - M M Omran
- d Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Helwan University , Helwan , Egypt
| | - M S Elbendary
- a Research & Development Department , Biotechnology Research Center , New Damietta , Egypt
| | - K A Attallah
- a Research & Development Department , Biotechnology Research Center , New Damietta , Egypt
| | - E R Qura
- a Research & Development Department , Biotechnology Research Center , New Damietta , Egypt
| | - S O Abdallah
- c Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
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Cell-Free Circulating Methylated SEPT9 for Noninvasive Diagnosis and Monitoring of Colorectal Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:6437104. [PMID: 29849824 PMCID: PMC5937566 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6437104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Identification of early-stage tumor and monitoring therapeutic efficacy and recurrence or metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) are urgently warranted for improving the outcome of CRC patients and reducing the disease-related mortality. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic value of cell-free circulating methylated SEPT9 (mSEPT9) for CRC and beyond CRC and examined the potentiality of mSEPT9 in assessing therapeutic efficacy and monitoring recurrence of CRC. Our results confirmed the favorable diagnostic value of plasma mSEPT9 for CRC, with a sensitivity of 61.22% (95% confidence interval (CI): 51.33%–70.27%) and specificity of 93.7% (95% CI: 91.09%–95.57%) using 2/3 algorithm. The positive rate of mSEPT9 in CRC was correlated with tumor size, histological grade, and general histological type (P < 0.05). Beyond CRC, gastric cancer patients also presented a high positive rate of plasma mSEPT9 (70%). The conversions between preoperative and postoperative plasma mSEPT9 reflected the therapeutic efficacy of curatively intended surgery for CRC patients. The persistent positivity of plasma mSEPT9 after surgery (within 7–14 days) was highly associated with impending recurrences or metastases (within one year), with a sensitivity of 100%. Postoperative mSEPT9 status during follow-up also provided valuable indication for CRC recurrence or metastases, with a good consistency (kappa = 0.818, P = 0.001). Our results verified the reliability of plasma mSEPT9 as a biomarker for noninvasive diagnosis of CRC. More significantly, we revealed its valuable role in appraising CRC therapeutic efficacy and monitoring CRC recurrences or metastases. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify and elucidate the clinical utility of the promising findings.
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Liao Y, Xing S, Xu B, Liu W, Zhang G. Evaluation of the circulating level of fibroblast activation protein α for diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30050-30062. [PMID: 28415791 PMCID: PMC5444725 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate whether circulating fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα) could serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect plasma FAPα in 556 participants including ESCC group, benign esophageal disease group, healthy controls and other cancer controls group. The levels of plasma FAPα were significantly decreased in ESCC patients (P < 0.001) and showed a positive correlation with HDL-C levels (R = 0.372, P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of plasma FAPα were 56.1% and 85.6% based on the optimal cut-off (49.04 ng/ml, AUC = 0.714). The combination of FAPα and the traditional biomarkers (CEA, CYFR211 and SCCA) improved the sensitivity (41.5%) without compromising the specificity (95.0%). Contradictorily, the immunohistochemical staining revealed the overexpression of FAPα in stroma of ESCC tissues. So the source of soluble FAPα was further explored by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, ELISA and immunoprecipitation in fibroblast cell lines and mouse xenograft models. We found that the plasma FAPα was not correlated with the FAPα expressed in tumor, and the multi-organ might contribute to the circulating levels of FAPα including skeletal muscle, liver and bone marrow. These results indicated that the low plasma FAPα level might due to the systemic reaction to the presence of tumor and circulating FAPα level might be a potential indicator for diagnosing ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Liao
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, University Town, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Banglao Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, University Town, Guangzhou, China
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Bhardwaj M, Gies A, Werner S, Schrotz-King P, Brenner H. Blood-Based Protein Signatures for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2017; 8:e128. [PMID: 29189767 PMCID: PMC5717517 DOI: 10.1038/ctg.2017.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Blood-based proteins might be an attractive option for early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC), but individually they are unlikely to achieve the diagnostic performance required for population based screening. We aimed at summarizing current evidence of diagnostic performance of signatures based on multiple proteins for early detection of CRC. METHODS A systematic literature review adhering to the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis) guidelines was performed. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for potentially relevant studies published until 28th August, 2017. Relevant studies were identified by predefined eligibility criteria. Estimates of indicators of diagnostic performance such as sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC), along with information on validation and other key methodological procedures were extracted. Study quality was assessed by a QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2) instrument tool. RESULTS Thirty six eligible studies with numbers of CRC cases ranging from 23 to 512 and the number of proteins included in signatures ranged from 3 to 13 were identified. Reported Youden's Index and AUC ranged from 0.19 to 0.95 and from 0.62 to 0.996, respectively. However most studies, especially those reporting better diagnostic performance, were conducted in clinical rather than screening setting and many studies lacked any internal or external validation of identified algorithm. CONCLUSIONS Blood-based tests using signatures of multiple proteins may be a promising approach for non-invasive CRC screening. However, promising signatures identified in clinical settings still require rigorous evaluation in large studies conducted in true screening setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Bhardwaj
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anton Gies
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Werner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Schrotz-King
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Fan CW, Kuo YB, Lin GP, Chen SM, Chang SH, Li BA, Chan EC. Development of a multiplexed tumor-associated autoantibody-based blood test for the detection of colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 475:157-163. [PMID: 29074220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and early diagnosis is vital to improving prognoses. We explored the diagnostic potential of a multiplex autoantibody panel as a biomarker for the detection of CRC by ELISA. METHODS In total, 192 serum samples (92 CRC and 100 matched controls) were tested against a panel of 12 tumor-associated antigens (TAAs): RPH3AL, RPL36, SLP2, p53, survivin, ANAXA4, SEC61B, CCCAP, NYCO16, NMDAR, PLSCR1, and HDAC5. Individual and combined autoantibody signatures were examined. RESULTS Compared to individual autoantibody markers, the combinations of TAAs provided better discrimination between tumorous and normal sera. The overall sensitivity of a selected panel of four antibodies (anti-SLP2, -p53, -SEC61B, and -PLSCR1) was 64.1%, with a specificity of 80% that increased to 83.7% when carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) measurement was added. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the panel of four antibodies for early and advanced stages of CRC was 66.7% and 62%, increasing to 88.3% and 84%, respectively, when CEA was added. CONCLUSIONS We identified a panel of four antibodies as a promising diagnostic biomarker for the detection of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Wei Fan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | - Geng-Pin Lin
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Si-Min Chen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Chang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bo-An Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Err-Cheng Chan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Feng X, Wang Q, Liao Y, Zhou X, Wang Y, Liu W, Zhang G. A synthetic urinary probe-coated nanoparticles sensitive to fibroblast activation protein α for solid tumor diagnosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:5359-5372. [PMID: 28794628 PMCID: PMC5538687 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s139039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα)-sensitive magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) by conjugating a substrate-reporter tandem peptide as a synthetic biomarker to the surface of MNPs (marker-MNPs). In vitro, the marker-MNPs showed stability when treated with serum or urine and exhibited high susceptibility and specificity for FAPα enzyme and 3T3/FAPα cell line. Furthermore, the marker-MNPs were administered to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma xenograft tumor mice; they reached the tumor tissues in the mice, where they were cleaved effectively by the local overexpressed FAPα to release the reporter peptide and filter it into the urine. The tumor targeting and biodistribution of marker-MNPs were verified by in vivo imaging. The cleaved reporter peptides in urine detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay have high diagnostic accuracy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve =1.0). Our study implies a promising strategy of utilizing the low-cost and noninvasive synthetic urinary probe–coated nanoparticles for the diagnosis of FAPα-positive solid tumors, except for in renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Feng
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Qifan Wang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Yuehua Liao
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Xie Zhou
- Department of Medical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Yidan Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Wanli Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
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ADAM Metalloprotease-Released Cancer Biomarkers. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:482-490. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Wilhelmsen M, Christensen IJ, Rasmussen L, Jørgensen LN, Madsen MR, Vilandt J, Hillig T, Klaerke M, Nielsen KT, Laurberg S, Brünner N, Gawel S, Yang X, Davis G, Heijboer A, Martens F, Nielsen HJ. Detection of colorectal neoplasia: Combination of eight blood-based, cancer-associated protein biomarkers. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:1436-1446. [PMID: 27935033 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Serological biomarkers may be an option for early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study assessed eight cancer-associated protein biomarkers in plasma from subjects undergoing first time ever colonoscopy due to symptoms attributable to colorectal neoplasia. Plasma AFP, CA19-9, CEA, hs-CRP, CyFra21-1, Ferritin, Galectin-3 and TIMP-1 were determined in EDTA-plasma using the Abbott ARCHITECT® automated immunoassay platform. Primary endpoints were detection of (i) CRC and high-risk adenoma and (ii) CRC. Logistic regression was performed. Final reduced models were constructed selecting the four biomarkers with the highest likelihood scores. Subjects (N = 4,698) were consecutively included during 2010-2012. Colonoscopy detected 512 CRC patients, 319 colonic cancer and 193 rectal cancer. Extra colonic malignancies were detected in 177 patients, 689 had adenomas of which 399 were high-risk, 1,342 had nonneoplastic bowell disease and 1,978 subjects had 'clean' colorectum. Univariable analysis demonstrated that all biomarkers were statistically significant. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that the blood-based biomarkers in combination significantly predicted the endpoints. The reduced model resulted in the selection of CEA, hs-CRP, CyFra21-1 and Ferritin for the two endpoints; AUCs were 0.76 and 0.84, respectively. The postive predictive value at 90% sensitivity was 25% for endpoint 1 and the negative predictive value was 93%. For endpoint 2, the postive predictive value was 18% and the negative predictive value was 97%. Combinations of serological protein biomarkers provided a significant identification of subjects with high risk of the presence of colorectal neoplasia. The present set of biomarkers could become important adjunct in early detection of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wilhelmsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Ib J Christensen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Louise Rasmussen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Lars N Jørgensen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Mogens R Madsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Herning Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herning, Denmark
| | - Jesper Vilandt
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hillerød Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Thore Hillig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hillerød Hospital, Denmark
| | - Michael Klaerke
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Horsens Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Horsens, Denmark
| | - Knud T Nielsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Randers Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Randers, Denmark
| | - Søren Laurberg
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Aarhus Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nils Brünner
- Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susan Gawel
- Cancer Core R&D, Abbott Diagnostics Division, Abbott Park, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- Cancer Core R&D, Abbott Diagnostics Division, Abbott Park, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gerard Davis
- Cancer Core R&D, Abbott Diagnostics Division, Abbott Park, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Annemieke Heijboer
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, VU medical center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Martens
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, VU medical center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J Nielsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark
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Wang M, Cui BH, Sun SY, Yang S, Zhang L. Value of four protein tumor markers in colorectal cancer screening. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:996-1001. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i11.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the common malignant tumors worldwide and the fourth most common cancer in China. In recent years the incidence of CRC is still on the rise. It is of great significance to carry out effective screening for CRC with regard to improving prognosis and reducing mortality. Among many screening methods currently available, the detection of tumor markers in feces and serum is easy to operate, inexpensive, and noninvasive, thus becoming the focus of research. In view of the great significance of tumor marker detection for CRC screening, this article discusses the value of four protein tumor markers in CRC screening, with an aim to provide a theoretical basis for their clinical use.
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History, molecular features, and clinical importance of conventional serum biomarkers in lung cancer. Surg Today 2017; 47:1037-1059. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-017-1477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Lim DH, Lee JH, Kim JW. Feasibility of CYFRA 21-1 as a serum biomarker for the detection of colorectal adenoma and advanced colorectal adenoma in people over the age of 45. J Clin Lab Anal 2017; 32. [PMID: 28186354 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon adenoma (CA) is a premalignant lesion of colorectal cancer, and its early removal is closely associated with more prolonged survival in the general population. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between diverse biologic markers and a newly diagnosed CA and to predict the clinical possibility of cytokeratin-19 soluble in serum fragment (CYFRA 21-1) as a screening tool in asymptomatic adults aged over 45 years. METHODS Four hundred and seventy-nine patients with a histologically confirmed CA or benign colon polyp (BCP), 76 patients with only benign colorectal diseases and 223 negative controls with no CA or BCP detected on colonofibroscopy were investigated. Multiple tumor markers and biochemical markers were simultaneously checked by radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS The CYFRA 21-1 alone showed significant stepwise contrastive potential among the three groups (P<.001). Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, Area under the curve (AUC) for CYFRA 21-1, with a value of 0.732 (95% confidence interval, 0.656-0.809, P<.001) for differentiating between negative controls and patients with advanced colon adenoma, was comparatively the highest among all analyzed factors. The sensitivity of CYFRA 21-1 was significantly higher than that of the other tumor markers in the diagnosis of CA and advanced CA, respectively (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Considering the results of our study, CYFRA 21-1 showed a significant diagnostic performance and significant stepwise comparative potential in differentiating patients with CA from benign controls. CYFRA 21-1 could be a simple and effective screening test for the diagnosis of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hyoung Lim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jai Hyuen Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jong Wan Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea
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Huang T, Xiao Y, Yi L, Li L, Wang M, Tian C, Ma H, He K, Wang Y, Han B, Ye X, Li X. Coptisine from Rhizoma Coptidis Suppresses HCT-116 Cells-related Tumor Growth in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2017; 7:38524. [PMID: 28165459 PMCID: PMC5292956 DOI: 10.1038/srep38524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in humans. Coptisine (COP) is a natural alkaloid from Coptidis Rhizoma with unclear antitumor mechanism. Human colon cancer cells (HCT-116) and xenograft mice were used to systematically explore the anti-tumor activity of COP in this study. The results indicated that COP exhibited remarkably cytotoxic activities against the HCT-116 cells by inducing G1-phase cell cycle arrest and increasing apoptosis, and preferentially inhibited the survival pathway and induced the activation of caspase proteases family of HCT-116 cells. Experimental results on male BALB/c nude mice confirmed that orally administration of COP at high-dose (150 mg/kg) could suppress tumor growth, and may reduce cancer metastasis risk by inhibiting the RAS-ERK pathway in vivo. Taken together, the results suggested that COP may be potential as a novel anti-tumor candidate in the HCT-116 cells-related colon cancer, further studies are still needed to suggest COP for the further use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yubo Xiao
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine, Hunan 418000, China
| | - Lin Yi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing Cancer Institute & Hospital & Cancer Center, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Ling Li
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Meimei Wang
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Cheng Tian
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hang Ma
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Kai He
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine, Hunan 418000, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bing Han
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xuegang Li
- School of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Pharmaceutical Process and Quality Control, Chongqing 400716, China
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Kim M, Kim HJ, Lee IK, Oh ST, Han K. Fecal occult blood test/fecal carcinoembriogenic antigen dual rapid test as a useful tool for colorectal cancer screening. Eur Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10353-017-0464-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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50
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Klein C, Waldhauer I, Nicolini VG, Freimoser-Grundschober A, Nayak T, Vugts DJ, Dunn C, Bolijn M, Benz J, Stihle M, Lang S, Roemmele M, Hofer T, van Puijenbroek E, Wittig D, Moser S, Ast O, Brünker P, Gorr IH, Neumann S, de Vera Mudry MC, Hinton H, Crameri F, Saro J, Evers S, Gerdes C, Bacac M, van Dongen G, Moessner E, Umaña P. Cergutuzumab amunaleukin (CEA-IL2v), a CEA-targeted IL-2 variant-based immunocytokine for combination cancer immunotherapy: Overcoming limitations of aldesleukin and conventional IL-2-based immunocytokines. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1277306. [PMID: 28405498 PMCID: PMC5384349 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1277306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed cergutuzumab amunaleukin (CEA-IL2v, RG7813), a novel monomeric CEA-targeted immunocytokine, that comprises a single IL-2 variant (IL2v) moiety with abolished CD25 binding, fused to the C-terminus of a high affinity, bivalent carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific antibody devoid of Fc-mediated effector functions. Its molecular design aims to (i) avoid preferential activation of regulatory T-cells vs. immune effector cells by removing CD25 binding; (ii) increase the therapeutic index of IL-2 therapy by (a) preferential retention at the tumor by having a lower dissociation rate from CEA-expressing cancer cells vs. IL-2R-expressing cells, (b) avoiding any FcγR-binding and Fc effector functions and (c) reduced binding to endothelial cells expressing CD25; and (iii) improve the pharmacokinetics, and thus convenience of administration, of IL-2. The crystal structure of the IL2v-IL-2Rβγ complex was determined and CEA-IL2v activity was assessed using human immune effector cells. Tumor targeting was investigated in tumor-bearing mice using 89Zr-labeled CEA-IL2v. Efficacy studies were performed in (a) syngeneic mouse models as monotherapy and combined with anti-PD-L1, and in (b) xenograft mouse models in combination with ADCC-mediating antibodies. CEA-IL2v binds to CEA with pM avidity but not to CD25, and consequently did not preferentially activate Tregs. In vivo, CEA-IL2v demonstrated superior pharmacokinetics and tumor targeting compared with a wild-type IL-2-based CEA immunocytokine (CEA-IL2wt). CEA-IL2v strongly expanded NK and CD8+ T cells, skewing the CD8+:CD4+ ratio toward CD8+ T cells both in the periphery and in the tumor, and mediated single agent efficacy in syngeneic MC38-CEA and PancO2-CEA models. Combination with trastuzumab, cetuximab and imgatuzumab, all of human IgG1 isotype, resulted in superior efficacy compared with the monotherapies alone. Combined with anti-PD-L1, CEA-IL2v mediated superior efficacy over the respective monotherapies, and over the combination with an untargeted control immunocytokine. These preclinical data support the ongoing clinical investigation of the cergutuzumab amunaleukin immunocytokine with abolished CD25 binding for the treatment of CEA-positive solid tumors in combination with PD-L1 checkpoint blockade and ADCC competent antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Klein
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Inja Waldhauer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Valeria G. Nicolini
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Tapan Nayak
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle J. Vugts
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Claire Dunn
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Marije Bolijn
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jörg Benz
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martine Stihle
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Lang
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Michaele Roemmele
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Hofer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Erwin van Puijenbroek
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - David Wittig
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Moser
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Ast
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Peter Brünker
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Ingo H. Gorr
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Neumann
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Heather Hinton
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Crameri
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jose Saro
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Evers
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christian Gerdes
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Marina Bacac
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Guus van Dongen
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ekkehard Moessner
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Umaña
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
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