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Xia J, Bu C, Zhang B, Wang X, Chen Y, Li T. The emerging role of microRNA-22 in the Leukemia: experimental and clinical implications. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:12. [PMID: 38085373 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08922-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs, approximately 20-24 nucleotides long that negatively regulate gene expression by either inhibiting translation or cleaving complementary mRNA to participate in various biological processes. Accumulating evidence has indicated that miRNAs are widely present in hematological cancers, particularly leukemia, exhibiting either upregulation or downregulation in leukemia patients compared with healthy controls. These miRNAs have a pivotal role in the development, progression and metastasis of leukemia, as well as in the prognosis and/or relapse of patients. miR-22 is one of the abnormally expressed miRNAs in a variety of leukemia diseases, and is considered to be one of the few cancer suppressors. Recent research has demonstrated that miR-22 is involved in the regulation of leukemia cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and could be a promising biomarker and prognostic indicator for leukemia. Here, we summarize all relevant findings that carry out experimental investigation and clinical analyses, aiming to elucidate the comprehensive implications of miR-22 in various types of leukemia for the development of new therapeutic and prognostic strategies and new drug targets for the treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaozhi Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Xingqing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuejuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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MicroRNA-34a, Prostate Cancer Stem Cells, and Therapeutic Development. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184538. [PMID: 36139695 PMCID: PMC9497236 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a highly heterogeneous disease and typically presents with multiple distinct cancer foci. Heterogeneity in androgen receptor (AR) expression levels in PCa has been observed for decades, from untreated tumors to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) to disseminated metastases. Current standard-of-care therapies for metastatic CRPC can only extend life by a few months. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a subpopulation of cancer cells that exists in almost all treatment-naive tumors. Additionally, non-CSCs may undergo cellular plasticity to be reprogrammed to prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) during spontaneous tumor progression or upon therapeutic treatments. Consequently, PCSCs may become the predominant population in treatment-resistant tumors, and the "root cause" for drug resistance. microRNA-34a (miR-34a) is a bona fide tumor-suppressive miRNA, and its expression is dysregulated in PCa. Importantly, miR-34a functions as a potent CSC suppressor by targeting many molecules essential for CSC survival and functions, which makes it a promising anti-PCSC therapeutic. Here, we conducted a comprehensive literature survey of miR-34a in the context of PCa and especially PCSCs. We provided an updated overview on the mechanisms of miR-34a regulation followed by discussing its tumor suppressive functions in PCa. Finally, based on current advances in miR-34a preclinical studies in PCa, we offered potential delivery strategies for miR-34a-based therapeutics for treating advanced PCa.
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3
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[Update on biology of primary plasma cell leukemia]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:603-607. [PMID: 36709141 PMCID: PMC9395563 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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4
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Jung SH, Lee JJ. Update on primary plasma cell leukemia. Blood Res 2022; 57:62-66. [PMID: 35483928 PMCID: PMC9057670 DOI: 10.5045/br.2022.2022033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and highly aggressive plasma cell neoplasm developing in 0.5?4% of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The diagnostic criteria were recently revised from 20% to ≥5% of circulating plasma cells in peripheral blood smears. PCL is classified as primary or secondary; primary PCL is when it presents in patients with no MM. Primary PCL shows clinical and laboratory features at presentation that differ from MM and exhibits a dismal prognosis even with the use of effective agents against MM. Therefore, intensive chemotherapy should be initiated immediately after diagnosis, and autologous stem cell transplantation is recommended for transplant-eligible patients. Maintenance therapy after transplantation may reduce the rate of early relapses. We reviewed the definitions of PCL, revised diagnostic criteria, clinical features, and appropriate initial treatments for primary PCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hoon Jung
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Je-Jung Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
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5
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Waldschmidt JM, Yee AJ, Vijaykumar T, Pinto Rengifo RA, Frede J, Anand P, Bianchi G, Guo G, Potdar S, Seifer C, Nair MS, Kokkalis A, Kloeber JA, Shapiro S, Budano L, Mann M, Friedman R, Lipe B, Campagnaro E, O’Donnell EK, Zhang CZ, Laubach JP, Munshi NC, Richardson PG, Anderson KC, Raje NS, Knoechel B, Lohr JG. Cell-free DNA for the detection of emerging treatment failure in relapsed/ refractory multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2022; 36:1078-1087. [PMID: 35027656 PMCID: PMC8983453 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01492-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interrogation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) represents an emerging approach to non-invasively estimate disease burden in multiple myeloma (MM). Here, we examined low-pass whole genome sequencing (LPWGS) of cfDNA for its predictive value in relapsed/ refractory MM (RRMM). We observed that cfDNA positivity, defined as ≥10% tumor fraction by LPWGS, was associated with significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) in an exploratory test cohort of 16 patients who were actively treated on diverse regimens. We prospectively determined the predictive value of cfDNA in 86 samples from 45 RRMM patients treated with elotuzumab, pomalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in a phase II clinical trial (NCT02718833). PFS in patients with tumor-positive and -negative cfDNA after two cycles of treatment was 1.6 and 17.6 months, respectively (HR 7.6, P < 0.0001). Multivariate hazard modelling confirmed cfDNA as independent risk factor (HR 96.6, P = 6.92e-05). While correlating with serum-free light chains and bone marrow, cfDNA additionally discriminated patients with poor PFS among those with the same response by IMWG criteria. In summary, detectability of MM-derived cfDNA, as a measure of substantial tumor burden with therapy, independently predicts poor PFS and may provide refinement for standard-of-care response parameters to identify patients with poor response to treatment earlier than is currently feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M. Waldschmidt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew J. Yee
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tushara Vijaykumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ricardo A. Pinto Rengifo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA,Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia Frede
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Praveen Anand
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giada Bianchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guangwu Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sayalee Potdar
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles Seifer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monica S. Nair
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonis Kokkalis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jake A. Kloeber
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Mason Mann
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Brea Lipe
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth K. O’Donnell
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cheng-Zhong Zhang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA,Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacob P. Laubach
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikhil C. Munshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul G. Richardson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth C. Anderson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noopur S. Raje
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Birgit Knoechel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jens G. Lohr
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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6
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Hofste Op Bruinink D, Kuiper R, van Duin M, Cupedo T, van der Velden VHJ, Hoogenboezem R, van der Holt B, Beverloo HB, Valent ET, Vermeulen M, Gay F, Broijl A, Avet-Loiseau H, Munshi NC, Musto P, Moreau P, Zweegman S, van de Donk NWCJ, Sonneveld P. Identification of High-Risk Multiple Myeloma With a Plasma Cell Leukemia-Like Transcriptomic Profile. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40:3132-3150. [PMID: 35357885 PMCID: PMC9509081 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is an aggressive subtype of multiple myeloma, which is distinguished from newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) on the basis of the presence of ≥ 20% circulating tumor cells (CTCs). A molecular marker for pPCL is currently lacking, which could help identify NDMM patients with high-risk PCL-like disease, despite not having been recognized as such clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davine Hofste Op Bruinink
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rowan Kuiper
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,SkylineDx, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark van Duin
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Cupedo
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Remco Hoogenboezem
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bronno van der Holt
- HOVON Data Center, Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H Berna Beverloo
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Michael Vermeulen
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Francesca Gay
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Annemiek Broijl
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Nikhil C Munshi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- "Aldo Moro" University School of Medicine, Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, AOUC Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Sonja Zweegman
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Niels W C J van de Donk
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Sonneveld
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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7
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Rojas EA, Gutiérrez NC. Genomics of Plasma Cell Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061594. [PMID: 35326746 PMCID: PMC8946729 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a very aggressive plasma cell disorder with a dismal prognosis, despite the therapeutic progress made in the last few years. The implementation of genomic high-throughput technologies in the clinical setting has revealed new insights into the genomic landscape of PCL, some of which may have an impact on the development of novel therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview and update of the genomic studies carried out in PCL. Abstract Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and highly aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by the presence of clonal circulating plasma cells in peripheral blood. PCL accounts for approximately 2–4% of all multiple myeloma (MM) cases. PCL can be classified in primary PCL (pPCL) when it appears de novo and in secondary PCL (sPCL) when it arises from a pre-existing relapsed/refractory MM. Despite the improvement in treatment modalities, the prognosis remains very poor. There is growing evidence that pPCL is a different clinicopathological entity as compared to MM, although the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are not fully elucidated. The development of new high-throughput technologies, such as microarrays and new generation sequencing (NGS), has contributed to a better understanding of the peculiar biological and clinical features of this disease. Relevant information is now available on cytogenetic alterations, genetic variants, transcriptome, methylation patterns, and non-coding RNA profiles. Additionally, attempts have been made to integrate genomic alterations with gene expression data. However, given the low frequency of PCL, most of the genetic information comes from retrospective studies with a small number of patients, sometimes leading to inconsistent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeta A. Rojas
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Cancer Research Center-Institute of Cancer Molecular and Cellular Biology (CIC-IBMCC) (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Norma C. Gutiérrez
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Cancer Research Center-Institute of Cancer Molecular and Cellular Biology (CIC-IBMCC) (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CB16/12/00233, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo Español de Mieloma (GEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923-291-200 (ext. 56617)
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8
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Papadhimitriou SI, Terpos E, Liapis K, Pavlidis D, Marinakis T, Kastritis E, Dimopoulos MA, Tsitsilonis OE, Kostopoulos IV. The Cytogenetic Profile of Primary and Secondary Plasma Cell Leukemia: Etiopathogenetic Perspectives, Prognostic Impact and Clinical Relevance to Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma with Differential Circulating Clonal Plasma Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020209. [PMID: 35203419 PMCID: PMC8869452 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia that may appear as de-novo leukemia (pPCL) or on the basis of a pre-existing multiple myeloma (MM), called secondary plasma cell leukemia (sPCL). In this prospective study, we have applied a broad panel of FISH probes in 965 newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) and 44 PCL cases of both types to reveal the particular cytogenetic differences among the three plasma cell dyscrasias. In order to evaluate the frequency and patterns of clonal evolution, the same FISH panel was applied both at diagnosis and at the time of first relapse for 81 relapsed MM patients and both at MM diagnosis and during sPCL transformation for the 19 sPCL cases described here. pPCL was characterized by frequent MYC translocations and t(11;14) with a 11q13 breakpoint centered on the MYEOV gene, not commonly seen in MM. sPCL had a higher number of FISH abnormalities and was strongly associated with the presence of del(17p13), either acquired at the initial MM stage or as a newly acquired lesion upon leukemogenesis in the context of the apparent clonal evolution observed in sPCL. In clinical terms, sPCL showed a shorter overall survival than pPCL with either standard or high-risk (t(4;14) and/or t(14;16) and/or del(17p13) and/or ≥3 concomitant aberrations) abnormalities (median 5 months vs. 21 and 11 months respectively, p < 0.001), suggesting a prognostic stratification based on cytogenetic background. These observations proved relevant in the NDMM setting, where higher levels of circulating plasma cells (CPCs) were strongly associated with high-risk cytogenetics (median frequency of CPCs: 0.11% of peripheral blood nucleated cells for high-risk vs. 0.007% for standard-risk NDMM, p < 0.0001). Most importantly, the combined evaluation of CPCs (higher or lower than a cut-off of 0.03%), together with patients’ cytogenetic status, could be used for an improved prognostic stratification of NDMM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos I. Papadhimitriou
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Athens Regional General Hospital “Georgios Gennimatas”, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.I.P.); (D.P.)
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.T.); (E.K.); (M.-A.D.)
| | - Konstantinos Liapis
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Pavlidis
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Athens Regional General Hospital “Georgios Gennimatas”, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.I.P.); (D.P.)
| | - Theodoros Marinakis
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Athens Regional General Hospital “Georgios Gennimatas”, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Efstathios Kastritis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.T.); (E.K.); (M.-A.D.)
| | - Meletios-Athanasios Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.T.); (E.K.); (M.-A.D.)
| | - Ourania E. Tsitsilonis
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Ilissia, 15784 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis V. Kostopoulos
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Athens Regional General Hospital “Georgios Gennimatas”, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.I.P.); (D.P.)
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Ilissia, 15784 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +30-210-727-4929; Fax: +30-210-727-4635
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9
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Making Sense of Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapeutics Targeting Bcl-2. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010097. [PMID: 35056993 PMCID: PMC8778715 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family, comprised of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, regulates the delicate balance between programmed cell death and cell survival. The Bcl-2 family is essential in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, but also a key culprit in tumorigenesis. Anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, the founding member of this family, was discovered due to its dysregulated expression in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Bcl-2 is a central protagonist in a wide range of human cancers, promoting cell survival, angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance; this has prompted the development of Bcl-2-targeting drugs. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) are highly specific nucleic acid polymers used to modulate target gene expression. Over the past 25 years several Bcl-2 ASO have been developed in preclinical studies and explored in clinical trials. This review will describe the history and development of Bcl-2-targeted ASO; from initial attempts, optimizations, clinical trials undertaken and the promising candidates at hand.
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10
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Primary plasma cell leukemia: consensus definition by the International Myeloma Working Group according to peripheral blood plasma cell percentage. Blood Cancer J 2021; 11:192. [PMID: 34857730 PMCID: PMC8640034 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-021-00587-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary plasma cell leukemia (PCL) has a consistently ominous prognosis, even after progress in the last decades. PCL deserves a prompt identification to start the most effective treatment for this ultra-high-risk disease. The aim of this position paper is to revisit the diagnosis of PCL according to the presence of circulating plasma cells in patients otherwise meeting diagnostic criteria of multiple myeloma. We could identify two retrospective series where the question about what number of circulating plasma cells in peripheral blood should be used for defining PCL. The presence of ≥5% circulating plasma cells in patients with MM had a similar adverse prognostic impact as the previously defined PCL. Therefore, PCL should be defined by the presence of 5% or more circulating plasma cells in peripheral blood smears in patients otherwise diagnosed with symptomatic multiple myeloma.
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11
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Todoerti K, Taiana E, Puccio N, Favasuli V, Lionetti M, Silvestris I, Gentile M, Musto P, Morabito F, Gianelli U, Bolli N, Baldini L, Neri A, Ronchetti D. Transcriptomic Analysis in Multiple Myeloma and Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia with t(11;14) Reveals Different Expression Patterns with Biological Implications in Venetoclax Sensitivity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194898. [PMID: 34638381 PMCID: PMC8508148 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The growing interest in BCL2 inhibitors for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) has led to the need for biomarkers that are able to predict patient’s sensitivity to the drug. The presence of the chromosomal translocation t(11;14) in MM is mainly associated with sensitivity to venetoclax and good prognosis. The incidence of t(11;14) largely increases in primary Plasma Cell Leukemia (pPCL) in association with an unfavorable outcome. Currently, data concerning pPCL sensitivity to venetoclax are virtually absent. In this context, we investigated the transcriptome of MM and pPCL with t(11;14), evidencing that the two clinical entities are likely responsive to venetoclax based on different molecular programs, thus prompting further studies to elucidate better novel potential predictive biomarkers. Abstract Mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of primary Plasma Cell Leukemia (pPCL) and intramedullary multiple myeloma (MM) need to be further elucidated, being potentially relevant for improving therapeutic approaches. In such a context, the MM and pPCL subgroups characterized by t(11;14) deserve a focused investigation, as the presence of the translocation is mainly associated with sensitivity to venetoclax. Herein, we investigated a proprietary cohort of MM and pPCL patients, focusing on the transcriptional signature of samples carrying t(11;14), whose incidence increases in pPCL in association with an unfavorable outcome. In addition, we evaluated the expression levels of the BCL2-gene family members and of a panel of B-cell genes recently reported to be associated with sensitivity to venetoclax in MM. Moreover, transcriptional analysis of lncRNAs in the two clinical settings led to the identification of several differentially expressed transcripts, among which the SNGH6 deregulated lncRNA might be relevant in the pathogenesis and prognosis of pPCL with t(11;14). Overall, our data suggest that MMs and pPCLs with t(11;14) might be responsive to venetoclax based on different molecular programs, prompting further studies to elucidate better novel potential predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Todoerti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Taiana
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Puccio
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Vanessa Favasuli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Lionetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Silvestris
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Gentile
- Hematology Unit, “Annunziata” Hospital of Cosenza, 87100 Cosenza, Italy;
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, “Aldo Moro” University School of Medicine, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, AOUC Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fortunato Morabito
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Hemato-Oncology Department, Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem 91191, Israel;
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza, 87100 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Umberto Gianelli
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bolli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Baldini
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (D.R.)
| | - Domenica Ronchetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (K.T.); (E.T.); (N.P.); (V.F.); (M.L.); (I.S.); (N.B.); (L.B.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (D.R.)
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12
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Downregulation of ITGA6 confers to the invasion of multiple myeloma and promotes progression to plasma cell leukaemia. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:1843-1853. [PMID: 33785876 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secondary plasma cell leukaemia (sPCL) is an aggressive form of multiple myeloma (MM), but the mechanism underlying MM progresses into PCL remains unknown. METHODS Gene expression profiling of MM patients and PCL patients was analysed to identify the molecular differences between the two diseases. Cox survival regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed to illustrate the impact of integrin subunit alpha 6 (ITGA6) on prognosis of MM. Invasion assays were performed to assess whether ITGA6 regulated the progression of MM to PCL. RESULTS Gene expression profiling analyses showed that cell metastasis pathways were enriched in PCL and ITGA6 was differentially expressed between PCL and MM. ITGA6 expression was an independent prognostic factor for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of MM patients. Moreover, the stratification ability of the International Staging System (ISS) of MM was improved when including ITGA6 expression. Functional studies uncovered that increased ITGA6 reduced the myeloma cell invasion. Additionally, low expression of ITGA6 resulted from epigenetic downregulating of its anti-sense non-coding RNA, ITGA6-AS1. CONCLUSION Our data reveal that ITGA6 gradually decreases during plasma cell dyscrasias progression and low expression of ITGA6 contributes to myeloma metastasis. Moreover, ITGA6 abundance might help develop MM prognostic stratification.
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13
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Rahimian N, Razavi ZS, Aslanbeigi F, Mirkhabbaz AM, Piroozmand H, Shahrzad MK, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Non-coding RNAs related to angiogenesis in gynecological cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 161:896-912. [PMID: 33781555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gynecological cancer affects the female reproductive system, including ovarian, uterine, endometrial, cervical, vulvar, and vaginal tumors. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and in particular microRNAs, function as regulatory molecules, which can control gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner. Normal physiological processes like cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and pathological processes such as oncogenesis and metastasis are regulated by microRNAs. Numerous reports have shown a direct role of microRNAs in the modulation of angiogenesis in gynecological cancer, via targeting pro-angiogenic factors and signaling pathways. Understanding the molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of angiogenesis by microRNAs may lead to new treatment options. Recently the regulatory role of some long non-coding RNAs in gynecological cancer has also been explored, but the information on this function is more limited. The aim of this article is to explore the pathways responsible for angiogenesis, and to what extent ncRNAs may be employed as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in gynecological cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rahimian
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Haleh Piroozmand
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karim Shahrzad
- Department of Internal Medicine and endocrinology, Shohadae Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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14
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Caracciolo D, Riillo C, Di Martino MT, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Alternative Non-Homologous End-Joining: Error-Prone DNA Repair as Cancer's Achilles' Heel. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061392. [PMID: 33808562 PMCID: PMC8003480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer onset and progression lead to a high rate of DNA damage, due to replicative and metabolic stress. To survive in this dangerous condition, cancer cells switch the DNA repair machinery from faithful systems to error-prone pathways, strongly increasing the mutational rate that, in turn, supports the disease progression and drug resistance. Although DNA repair de-regulation boosts genomic instability, it represents, at the same time, a critical cancer vulnerability that can be exploited for synthetic lethality-based therapeutic intervention. We here discuss the role of the error-prone DNA repair, named Alternative Non-Homologous End Joining (Alt-NHEJ), as inducer of genomic instability and as a potential therapeutic target. We portray different strategies to drug Alt-NHEJ and discuss future challenges for selecting patients who could benefit from Alt-NHEJ inhibition, with the aim of precision oncology. Abstract Error-prone DNA repair pathways promote genomic instability which leads to the onset of cancer hallmarks by progressive genetic aberrations in tumor cells. The molecular mechanisms which foster this process remain mostly undefined, and breakthrough advancements are eagerly awaited. In this context, the alternative non-homologous end joining (Alt-NHEJ) pathway is considered a leading actor. Indeed, there is experimental evidence that up-regulation of major Alt-NHEJ components, such as LIG3, PolQ, and PARP1, occurs in different tumors, where they are often associated with disease progression and drug resistance. Moreover, the Alt-NHEJ addiction of cancer cells provides a promising target to be exploited by synthetic lethality approaches for the use of DNA damage response (DDR) inhibitors and even as a sensitizer to checkpoint-inhibitors immunotherapy by increasing the mutational load. In this review, we discuss recent findings highlighting the role of Alt-NHEJ as a promoter of genomic instability and, therefore, as new cancer’s Achilles’ heel to be therapeutically exploited in precision oncology.
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15
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Li WJ, Wang Y, Liu R, Kasinski AL, Shen H, Slack FJ, Tang DG. MicroRNA-34a: Potent Tumor Suppressor, Cancer Stem Cell Inhibitor, and Potential Anticancer Therapeutic. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640587. [PMID: 33763422 PMCID: PMC7982597 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence indicates that virtually all treatment-naive tumors contain a subpopulation of cancer cells that possess some stem cell traits and properties and are operationally defined as cancer cell stem cells (CSCs). CSCs manifest inherent heterogeneity in that they may exist in an epithelial and proliferative state or a mesenchymal non-proliferative and invasive state. Spontaneous tumor progression, therapeutic treatments, and (epi)genetic mutations may also induce plasticity in non-CSCs and reprogram them into stem-like cancer cells. Intrinsic cancer cell heterogeneity and induced cancer cell plasticity, constantly and dynamically, generate a pool of CSC subpopulations with varying levels of epigenomic stability and stemness. Despite the dynamic and transient nature of CSCs, they play fundamental roles in mediating therapy resistance and tumor relapse. It is now clear that the stemness of CSCs is coordinately regulated by genetic factors and epigenetic mechanisms. Here, in this perspective, we first provide a brief updated overview of CSCs. We then focus on microRNA-34a (miR-34a), a tumor-suppressive microRNA (miRNA) devoid in many CSCs and advanced tumors. Being a member of the miR-34 family, miR-34a was identified as a p53 target in 2007. It is a bona fide tumor suppressor, and its expression is dysregulated and downregulated in various human cancers. By targeting stemness factors such as NOTCH, MYC, BCL-2, and CD44, miR-34a epigenetically and negatively regulates the functional properties of CSCs. We shall briefly discuss potential reasons behind the failure of the first-in-class clinical trial of MRX34, a liposomal miR-34a mimic. Finally, we offer several clinical settings where miR-34a can potentially be deployed to therapeutically target CSCs and advanced, therapy-resistant, and p53-mutant tumors in order to overcome therapy resistance and curb tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jess Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ruifang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Andrea L Kasinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Haifa Shen
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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16
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Potential Role of microRNAs in inducing Drug Resistance in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020448. [PMID: 33672466 PMCID: PMC7923438 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for newly diagnosed subjects with multiple myeloma (MM) has significantly progressed in recent years. However, most MM patients relapse and after several salvage therapies, the onset of multidrug resistance provokes the occurrence of a refractory disease. A continuous and bidirectional exchange of information takes place between the cells of the microenvironment and neoplastic cells to solicit the demands of cancer cells. Among the molecules serving as messengers, there are microRNAs (miRNA), a family of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression. Numerous miRNAs are associated with drug resistance, also in MM, and the modulation of their expression or activity might be explored to reverse it. In this review we report the most recent studies concerning the relationship between miRNAs and chemoresistance to the most frequently used drugs, such as proteasome inhibitors, steroids, alkylating agents and immunomodulators. The experimental use of antagomirs or miRNA mimics have successfully been proven to counteract chemoresistance and display synergistic effects with antimyeloma drugs which could represent a fundamental moment to overcome resistance in MM treatment.
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17
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Yan X, Gao M, Zhang P, Ouyang G, Mu Q, Xu K. MiR-181a functions as an oncogene by regulating CCND1 in multiple myeloma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:758-764. [PMID: 32566002 PMCID: PMC7286114 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-181a (miR-181a) has been demonstrated to be upregulated in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). In several studies, miR-181a has been demonstrated to be significantly overexpressed in MM; however, its potential role in development and progression of MM remains unknown. In the present study, the functions of miR-181a and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of MM were examined. Increased expression of miR-181a was observed in bone marrow samples from patients with MM and the MM RPMI8226 cell line. The role of miR-181a was examined and it was demonstrated that it participated in the proliferation and migration processes of the MM cell line. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the downregulation of miR-181a inhibited the expression of CCND1, a cell cycle regulatory gene, and caused cell cycle arrest in MM cells. The results of the present study suggested that miR-181a functions as an onco-miRNA in MM, which serves regulatory roles by upregulating expression of CCND1 and may therefore serve as a potential target in patients with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yan
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Minjie Gao
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Guifang Ouyang
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Qitian Mu
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Kaihong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
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18
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Ghetti M, Vannini I, Storlazzi CT, Martinelli G, Simonetti G. Linear and circular PVT1 in hematological malignancies and immune response: two faces of the same coin. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:69. [PMID: 32228602 PMCID: PMC7104523 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01187-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as regulators of human carcinogenesis by affecting the expression of key tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. They are divided into short and long ncRNAs, according to their length. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are included in the second group and were recently discovered as being originated by back-splicing, joining either single or multiple exons, or exons with retained introns. The human Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation 1 (PVT1) gene maps on the long arm of chromosome 8 (8q24) and encodes for 52 ncRNAs variants, including 26 linear and 26 circular isoforms, and 6 microRNAs. PVT1 genomic locus is 54 Kb downstream to MYC and several interactions have been described among these two genes, including a feedback regulatory mechanism. MYC-independent functions of PVT1/circPVT1 have been also reported, especially in the regulation of immune responses. We here review and discuss the role of both PVT1 and circPVT1 in the hematopoietic system. No information is currently available concerning their transforming ability in hematopoietic cells. However, present literature supports their cooperation with a more aggressive and/or undifferentiated cell phenotype, thus contributing to cancer progression. PVT1/circPVT1 upregulation through genomic amplification or rearrangements and/or increased transcription, provides a proliferative advantage to malignant cells in acute myeloid leukemia, acute promyelocytic leukemia, Burkitt lymphoma, multiple myeloma (linear PVT1) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (circPVT1). In addition, PVT1 and circPVT1 regulate immune responses: the overexpression of the linear form in myeloid derived suppressor cells induced immune tolerance in preclinical tumor models and circPVT1 showed immunosuppressive properties in myeloid and lymphoid cell subsets. Overall, these recent data on PVT1 and circPVT1 functions in hematological malignancies and immune responses reflect two faces of the same coin: involvement in cancer progression by promoting a more aggressive phenotype of malignant cells and negative regulation of the immune system as a novel potential therapy-resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ghetti
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Ivan Vannini
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy.
| | | | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Giorgia Simonetti
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy
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19
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Bolli N, Genuardi E, Ziccheddu B, Martello M, Oliva S, Terragna C. Next-Generation Sequencing for Clinical Management of Multiple Myeloma: Ready for Prime Time? Front Oncol 2020; 10:189. [PMID: 32181154 PMCID: PMC7057289 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized treatment is an attractive strategy that promises increased efficacy with reduced side effects in cancer. The feasibility of such an approach has been greatly boosted by next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, which can return detailed information on the genome and on the transcriptome of each patient's tumor, thus highlighting biomarkers of response or druggable targets that may differ from case to case. However, while the number of cancers sequenced is growing exponentially, much fewer cases are amenable to a molecularly-guided treatment outside of clinical trials to date. In multiple myeloma, genomic analysis shows a variety of gene mutations, aneuploidies, segmental copy-number changes, translocations that are extremely heterogeneous, and more numerous than other hematological malignancies. Currently, in routine clinical practice we employ reduced FISH panels that only capture three high-risk features as part of the R-ISS. On the contrary, recent advances have suggested that extending genomic analysis to the full spectrum of recurrent mutations and structural abnormalities in multiple myeloma may have biological and clinical implications. Furthermore, increased efficacy of novel treatments can now produce deeper responses, and standard methods do not have enough sensitivity to stratify patients in complete biochemical remission. Consequently, NGS techniques have been developed to monitor the size of the clone to a sensitivity of up to a cell in a million after treatment. However, even these techniques are not within reach of standard laboratories. In this review we will recapitulate recent advances in multiple myeloma genomics, with special focus on the ones that may have immediate translational impact. We will analyze the benefits and pitfalls of NGS-based diagnostics, highlighting crucial aspects that will need to be taken into account before this can be implemented in most laboratories. We will make the point that a new era in myeloma diagnostics and minimal residual disease monitoring is close and conventional genetic testing will not be able to return the required information. This will mandate that even in routine practice NGS should soon be adopted owing to a higher informative potential with increasing clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolo Bolli
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Onco-Hematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Genuardi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Bachisio Ziccheddu
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marina Martello
- Seràgnoli Institute of Hematology, Bologna University School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Oliva
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Carolina Terragna
- Seràgnoli Institute of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
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20
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The Non-Coding RNA Landscape of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020320. [PMID: 32019064 PMCID: PMC7072200 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite substantial advancements have been done in the understanding of the pathogenesis of plasma cell (PC) disorders, these malignancies remain hard-to-treat. The discovery and subsequent characterization of non-coding transcripts, which include several members with diverse length and mode of action, has unraveled novel mechanisms of gene expression regulation often malfunctioning in cancer. Increasing evidence indicates that such non-coding molecules also feature in the pathobiology of PC dyscrasias, where they are endowed with strong therapeutic and/or prognostic potential. In this review, we aim to summarize the most relevant findings on the biological and clinical features of the non-coding RNA landscape of malignant PCs, with major focus on multiple myeloma. The most relevant classes of non-coding RNAs will be examined, along with the mechanisms accounting for their dysregulation and the recent strategies used for their targeting in PC dyscrasias. It is hoped these insights may lead to clinical applications of non-coding RNA molecules as biomarkers or therapeutic targets/agents in the near future.
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21
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Waldschmidt JM, Vijaykumar T, Knoechel B, Lohr JG. Tracking myeloma tumor DNA in peripheral blood. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2020; 33:101146. [PMID: 32139012 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2020.101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the past years, the emergence of liquid biopsy technologies has dramatically expanded our ability to assess multiple myeloma without the need for invasive sampling. Interrogation of cell-free DNA from the peripheral blood recapitulates the mutational landscape at excellent concordance with matching bone marrow aspirates. It can quantify disease burden and identify previously undetected resistance mechanisms which may inform clinical management in real-time. The convenience of sample acquisition and storage provides strong procedural benefits over currently available testing. Further investigations will have to define the role of cell-free DNA as a diagnostic measure by determining clinically relevant tumor thresholds in comparison to existing routine parameters. This review presents an overview of currently available assays and discusses the clinical value, potential and limitations of cell-free DNA technologies for the assessment of this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M Waldschmidt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tushara Vijaykumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Birgit Knoechel
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jens G Lohr
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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22
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Rojas EA, Corchete LA, Mateos MV, García-Sanz R, Misiewicz-Krzeminska I, Gutiérrez NC. Transcriptome analysis reveals significant differences between primary plasma cell leukemia and multiple myeloma even when sharing a similar genetic background. Blood Cancer J 2019; 9:90. [PMID: 31748515 PMCID: PMC6868169 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-019-0253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is a highly aggressive plasma cell dyscrasia characterised by short remissions and very poor survival. Although the 17p deletion is associated with poor outcome and extramedullary disease in MM, its presence does not confer the degree of aggressiveness observed in pPCL. The comprehensive exploration of isoform expression and RNA splicing events may provide novel information about biological differences between the two diseases. Transcriptomic studies were carried out in nine newly diagnosed pPCL and ten MM samples, all of which harbored the 17p deletion. Unsupervised cluster analysis clearly distinguished pPCL from MM samples. In total 3584 genes and 20033 isoforms were found to be deregulated between pPCL and MM. There were 2727 significantly deregulated isoforms of non-differentially expressed genes. Strangely enough, significant differences were observed in the expression of spliceosomal machinery components between pPCL and MM, in respect of the gene, isoform and the alternative splicing events expression. In summary, transcriptome analysis revealed significant differences in the relative abundance of isoforms between pPCL and MM, even when they both had the 17p deletion. The mRNA processing pathway including RNA splicing machinery emerged as one of the most remarkable mechanisms underlying the biological differences between the two entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeta A Rojas
- Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis A Corchete
- Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Victoria Mateos
- Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ramón García-Sanz
- Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CB16/12/00233, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Irena Misiewicz-Krzeminska
- Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,National Medicines Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Norma C Gutiérrez
- Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain. .,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain. .,Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), CB16/12/00233, Salamanca, Spain.
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23
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Xiang Q, Xiang Z, Dou R, Xiong B. Survival advantage and clinicopathological significance of microRNA-22 in cancers: a meta-analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:8855-8868. [PMID: 31632145 PMCID: PMC6790216 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s185124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies revealed that microRNA-22 as a biomarker may play a significant role in the cancer patients' prognosis, but the accurate prognosis value of microRNA-22 remains somewhat controversial. Thus, we comprehensively searched the database and performed this study to explicate the accurate value of microRNA-22 in the cancer patients' prognosis. This meta-analysis revealed that elevated expression of microRNA-22 correlated with good overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)/progression-free survival (PFS)/recurrence-free survival (RFS) in cancers, while no significant association was found in metastasis-free survival (MFS)/distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Through the subgroup analysis for OS and DFS/PFS/RFS, we found that elevated expression of miR-22 significantly correlated with good prognosis in most subgroups, while it predicted a worse prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma subgroup. And besides that, elevated expression of miR-22 was negatively correlated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and recurrence, while no significant association was found between microRNA-22 expression and T stage, tumor differentiation, and lymphatic invasion. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that elevated expression of microRNA-22 predicted a good OS and DFS/PFS/RFS in cancer patients; meanwhile, its high expression also means earlier TNM stage, and lower likelihoods of lymph node metastasis, of distant metastasis and of recurrence. If we regularly monitor miR-22 expression in cancer patients, it might be useful for us to predict cancer prognosis in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Xiang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors & Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxian Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors & Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongzhang Dou
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors & Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors & Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan430071, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Musto P, Statuto T, Valvano L, Grieco V, Nozza F, Vona G, Bochicchio GB, La Rocca F, D'Auria F. An update on biology, diagnosis and treatment of primary plasma cell leukemia. Expert Rev Hematol 2019; 12:245-253. [PMID: 30905220 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2019.1598258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary plasma cell leukemia (PPCL) is one of the most aggressive hematological malignancies. The prognosis of PPCL patients remains poor, although some improvements have been made in recent years. Areas covered: In this review recent clinical and biological advances in PPCL are reported. Some recommendations for the practical management of these patients are provided, with a particular focus on the role of novel agents and transplant procedures. A brief description of the currently ongoing clinical trials with new drugs is also enclosed. Expert opinion: PPCL still represents a difficult challenge for all hematologists. Here the authors provide a personal view on how the current, generally unsatisfactory results in this neoplastic disorder could be improved. In particular, dedicated studies exploring alternative therapies are necessary and eagerly awaited. Such studies should possibly be based on new biological information that could be of help in identifying novel genetic biomarkers for risk stratification and new actionable molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pellegrino Musto
- a Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy.,b Department of Hematology of Basilicata , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy.,c Scientific Direction, Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Teodora Statuto
- c Scientific Direction, Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Luciana Valvano
- c Scientific Direction, Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Vitina Grieco
- c Scientific Direction, Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Filomena Nozza
- c Scientific Direction, Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Gabriella Vona
- c Scientific Direction, Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | | | - Francesco La Rocca
- c Scientific Direction, Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
| | - Fiorella D'Auria
- c Scientific Direction, Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture (Pz) , Italy
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25
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Wu J, Wang B, Zhou J, Ji F. MicroRNA target gene prediction of ischemic stroke by using variational Bayesian inference for Gauss mixture model. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2734-2740. [PMID: 30906463 PMCID: PMC6425264 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers of numerous diseases, are a novel group of single-stranded, non-coding small RNA molecules, which can regulate the gene expression and transcription or translation of target genes. Therefore, accurately identifying miRNAs and predicting their potential target genes correlated with ischemic stroke contribute to quick understanding and diagnosis of the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. In order to identify the targets of miRNAs, the differential expression and expression profiling of mRNAs in genome are integrated by using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and limma package. Furthermore, the probabilistic scoring approach called TargetScore, is proposed as a promising new technique combined with the expression and sequence information of the known genes. In this study, the priori and posterior probabilities of target genes were obtained by Variational Bayesian-Gaussian Mixture Model (VB-GMM). Consequently, the target genes of miR-124, miR-221 and miR-223, correlated with ischemic stroke, were predicted using the new target prediction algorithm. Ultimately, the comparable downregulation target genes were obtained by integrating the transcendental and posterior values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, Shanxi 712000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Jinan ZhangQiu District Hospital of TCM, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Ju Zhou
- Jinan ZhangQiu District Hospital of TCM, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Fajing Ji
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze, Shandong 274300, P.R. China
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26
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Tian F, Zhan Y, Zhu W, Li J, Tang M, Chen X, Jiang J. MicroRNA-497 inhibits multiple myeloma growth and increases susceptibility to bortezomib by targeting Bcl-2. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:1058-1066. [PMID: 30535471 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.4019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common severe hematopoietic malignancy occuring in aged population. MicroRNA (miR)‑497 was previously reported to contribute to the apoptosis of other cell types, presumably through targeting B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2). In the present study, miRNA and protein expression levels were detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses, respectively. The cell proliferation and viability was measured using 3‑(4,5‑dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑2, 5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide and plate clonality assays, and the cell growth cycle was measured with a flow cytometer. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)‑mediated dUTP nick‑end‑labeling, Annexin V and caspase‑3 activity assays were performed to examine the cell apoptotic rates. The results showed that miR‑497 was markedly decreased, whereas Bcl‑2 was enhanced in MM tissues and cell lines. miR‑497 targeted Bcl‑2 and affected its downstream apoptosis‑related genes. The overexpression of miR‑497 promoted MM cell apoptosis through cell cycle arrest, and decreased colony genesis ability and viability. In addition, miR‑497 increased the sensitivity of MM cells to bortezomib. Taken together, miR‑497 suppressed MM cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis by directly targeting Bcl‑2 and altering the expression of downstream apoptosis‑related proteins. The combination of miR‑497 and bortezomib may enhance drug sensitivity, serving as a potentially available therapeutic method for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faqing Tian
- Department of Hematology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China, P.R. China
| | - Juheng Li
- Department of Hematology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
| | - Meiqin Tang
- Department of Hematology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Hematology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P.R. China
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27
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Peng C, Zhang C, Su Z, Lin D. DGCR5 attenuates neuropathic pain through sponging miR‐330‐3p and regulating PDCD4 in CCI rat models. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7292-7300. [PMID: 30317600 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology Tongji Hospital affiliated Tongji University Shanghai China
| | - Chuanqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University Shanghai China
| | - Zhe Su
- Department of Anesthesiology Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Dongyang Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
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28
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Todoerti K, Calice G, Trino S, Simeon V, Lionetti M, Manzoni M, Fabris S, Barbieri M, Pompa A, Baldini L, Bollati V, Zoppoli P, Neri A, Musto P. Global methylation patterns in primary plasma cell leukemia. Leuk Res 2018; 73:95-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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29
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Taiana E, Ronchetti D, Favasuli V, Todoerti K, Manzoni M, Amodio N, Tassone P, Agnelli L, Neri A. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 shows high expression unrelated to molecular features and clinical outcome in multiple myeloma. Haematologica 2018; 104:e72-e76. [PMID: 30213829 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.201301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Taiana
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenica Ronchetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Vanessa Favasuli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Katia Todoerti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Manzoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luca Agnelli
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy .,Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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30
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Caracciolo D, Montesano M, Altomare E, Scionti F, Di Martino MT, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. The potential role of miRNAs in multiple myeloma therapy. Expert Rev Hematol 2018; 11:793-803. [DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2018.1517041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Martina Montesano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuela Altomare
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Scionti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Catanzaro, Italy
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31
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Zhu R, Zhao W, Fan F, Tang L, Liu J, Luo T, Deng J, Hu Y. A 3-miRNA signature predicts prognosis of pediatric and adolescent cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 8:38902-38913. [PMID: 28473658 PMCID: PMC5503581 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia is a hematologic malignancy with significant molecular heterogeneity. MicroRNAs have important biological functions and play critical roles in pathogenesis and prognosis in a variety of cancers including acute myeloid leukemia. Some reports have constructed risk stratification systems for adult acute myeloid leukemia patients using microRNAs to predict an optimal outcome of patients. However, little has been done in pediatric and adolescent patients. The purpose of this study is to identify a panel of microRNA signature that could predict prognosis in younger cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia patients by analyzing the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A total of 59 cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia patients under 21 years with corresponding clinical data were enrolled in our study. Using univariate Cox's model, we found 17 miRNAs were significantly related with overall survival in pediatric and adolescent cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia patients but no clinical parameter was found significant related with overall survival. The multivariate Cox regression identified high expression of hsa-miR-146b was independent poor prognostic factor and high expression of hsa-miR-181c and hsa-miR-4786 appeared to be favorable factors. A model was proposed based on these three miRNAs. Leave-one-out Cross Validation method and Permutation Test was further used to evaluate this model. The function role of has-mir-181c was further studied by carrying out flow cytometry and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) in U937 cell line. The results indicate that the 3-microRNA-based signature is a reliable prognostic biomarker for pediatric and adolescent cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Zhu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Fengjuan Fan
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jingdi Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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32
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Alzrigat M, Párraga AA, Agarwal P, Zureigat H, Österborg A, Nahi H, Ma A, Jin J, Nilsson K, Öberg F, Kalushkova A, Jernberg-Wiklund H. EZH2 inhibition in multiple myeloma downregulates myeloma associated oncogenes and upregulates microRNAs with potential tumor suppressor functions. Oncotarget 2018; 8:10213-10224. [PMID: 28052011 PMCID: PMC5354653 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell tumor localized to the bone marrow (BM). Despite the fact that current treatment strategies have improved patients' median survival time, MM remains incurable. Epigenetic aberrations are emerging as important players in tumorigenesis making them attractive targets for therapy in cancer including MM. Recently, we suggested the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) as a common denominator of gene silencing in MM and presented the PRC2 enzymatic subunit enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) as a potential therapeutic target in MM. Here we further dissect the anti-myeloma mechanisms mediated by EZH2 inhibition and show that pharmacological inhibition of EZH2 reduces the expression of MM-associated oncogenes; IRF-4, XBP-1, PRDM1/BLIMP-1 and c-MYC. We show that EZH2 inhibition reactivates the expression of microRNAs with tumor suppressor functions predicted to target MM-associated oncogenes; primarily miR-125a-3p and miR-320c. ChIP analysis reveals that miR-125a-3p and miR-320c are targets of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in MM cell lines and primary cells. Our results further highlight that polycomb-mediated silencing in MM includes microRNAs with tumor suppressor activity. This novel role strengthens the oncogenic features of EZH2 and its potential as a therapeutic target in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alzrigat
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alba Atienza Párraga
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Prasoon Agarwal
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hadil Zureigat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Anders Österborg
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hareth Nahi
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anqi Ma
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Öberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Antonia Kalushkova
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helena Jernberg-Wiklund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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33
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Zhou W, Yang W, Ma J, Zhang H, Li Z, Zhang L, Liu J, Han Z, Wang H, Hong L. Role of miR-483 in digestive tract cancers: from basic research to clinical value. J Cancer 2018; 9:407-414. [PMID: 29344287 PMCID: PMC5771348 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive tract cancers (DTCs) is the most common malignant tumors in the world. Despite surgery and medical technology have witnessed the increasing development and sharp advancement in the past decade, DTCs remain a critical concern with high morbidity and mortality. Since a class of small noncoding RNAs termed miRNAs were identified several years ago, increasing studies have attempted to illustrate the relationship between the specific miRNAs dysregulated expression levels and the diseases phenotypic changes. For example, microRNA-483 (miR-483) aberrant expression plays a pivotal part in tumor biology in a variety of human cancer, including DTCs. In this review, we focus on the present key findings from recent profiling studies, discuss the use of miR-483 as a novel biomarker for DTCs. At the same time, we emphasize the significant diversities and technical difficulties must be overcome before clinically relevant signatures arose. It is believed that this might provide researchers an insight into the molecular targeting cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zeng Li
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, NO.406 Hospital, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- Xinyang Cadres Sanatorium of Wuhan Military Logistics Base, Xinyang 464000, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Han
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liu Hong
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
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34
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Stamato MA, Juli G, Romeo E, Ronchetti D, Arbitrio M, Caracciolo D, Neri A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P, Amodio N. Inhibition of EZH2 triggers the tumor suppressive miR-29b network in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:106527-106537. [PMID: 29290968 PMCID: PMC5739753 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Downregulation of tumor suppressor (TS) microRNAs (miRNAs) commonly occurs in human cancer, including multiple myeloma (MM). We previously demonstrated that miR-29b is a relevant TS miRNA, whose expression in MM cells is inhibited by HDAC4-dependent deacetylation. Here, we provide novel insights into epigenetic mechanisms suppressing miR-29b in MM. In MM patient-derived plasma cells, we found inverse correlation between miR-29b and EZH2 mRNA expression. Both siRNAs and pharmacologic inhibitors of EZH2 led to miR-29b upregulation, and this effect was ascribed to reduced H3K27-trimethylation (H3K27me3) of miR-29a/b-1 promoter regions. Induction of miR-29b upon EZH2 inhibition occurred together with downregulation of major miR-29b pro-survival targets, such as SP1, MCL-1 and CDK6. Knock-down of the EZH2-interacting long non-coding RNA MALAT1 also reduced H3K27me3 of miR-29a/b-1 promoter, along with induction of miR-29b and downregulation of miR-29b targets. Importantly, inhibition of miR-29b by antagomiRs dramatically reduced in vitro anti-MM activity of small molecule EZH2-inhibitors, indicating that functional miR-29b is crucial for the activity of these compounds. Altogether, these results disclose novel epigenetic alterations contributing to the suppression of miR-29b molecular network, which can be instrumental for the development of rationally designed miRNA-based anti-MM therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angelica Stamato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giada Juli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enrica Romeo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenica Ronchetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, US
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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35
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Epigenetics in multiple myeloma: From mechanisms to therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 51:101-115. [PMID: 28962927 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a tumor of antibody producing plasmablasts/plasma cells that resides within the bone marrow (BM). In addition to the well-established role of genetic lesions and tumor-microenvironment interactions in the development of MM, deregulated epigenetic mechanisms are emerging as important in MM pathogenesis. Recently, MM sequencing and expression projects have revealed that mutations and copy number variations as well as deregulation in the expression of epigenetic modifiers are characteristic features of MM. In the past decade, several studies have suggested epigenetic mechanisms via DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs as important contributing factors in MM with impacts on disease initiation, progression, clonal heterogeneity and response to treatment. Herein we review the present view and knowledge that has accumulated over the past decades on the role of epigenetics in MM, with focus on the interplay between epigenetic mechanisms and the potential use of epigenetic inhibitors as future treatment modalities for MM.
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Kassambara A, Jourdan M, Bruyer A, Robert N, Pantesco V, Elemento O, Klein B, Moreaux J. Global miRNA expression analysis identifies novel key regulators of plasma cell differentiation and malignant plasma cell. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:5639-5652. [PMID: 28459970 PMCID: PMC5449613 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that attenuate expression of their mRNA targets. Here, we developed a new method and an R package, to easily infer candidate miRNA–mRNA target interactions that could be functional during a given biological process. Using this method, we described, for the first time, a comprehensive integrated analysis of miRNAs and mRNAs during human normal plasma cell differentiation (PCD). Our results reveal 63 miRNAs with significant temporal changes in their expression during normal PCD. We derived a high-confidence network of 295 target relationships comprising 47 miRNAs and 141 targets. These relationships include new examples of miRNAs that appear to coordinately regulate multiple members of critical pathways associated with PCD. Consistent with this, we have experimentally validated a role for the miRNA-30b/c/d-mediated regulation of key PCD factors (IRF4, PRDM1, ELL2 and ARID3A). Furthermore, we found that 24 PCD stage-specific miRNAs are aberrantly overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM) tumor plasma cells compared to their normal counterpart, suggesting that MM cells frequently acquired expression changes in miRNAs already undergoing dynamic expression modulation during normal PCD. Altogether, our analysis identifies candidate novel key miRNAs regulating networks of significance for normal PCD and malignant plasma cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alboukadel Kassambara
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHRU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Michel Jourdan
- Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Angélique Bruyer
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHRU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Robert
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHRU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Bernard Klein
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHRU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, 34000 Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHRU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, 34000 Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France
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37
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MicroRNA-330-3p promotes cell invasion and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer through GRIA3 by activating MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. J Hematol Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28629431 PMCID: PMC5477161 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brain metastasis (BM) is associated with poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent studies demonstrated that microRNA-330-3p (miR-330-3p) was involved in NSCLC brain metastasis (BM). However, the exact parts played by miR-330-3p in BM of NSCLC remain unknown. Discovery and development of biomarkers and elucidation of the mechanism underlying BM in NSCLC is critical for effective prophylactic interventions. Here, we evaluated the expression and biological effects of miR-330-3p in NSCLC cells and explored the underlying mechanism of miR-330-3p in promoting cell migration and invasion in NSCLC. Methods Stable over-expression and knockdown of miR-330-3p in NSCLC cells was constructed with lentivirus. Expression levels of miR-330-3p in NSCLC cells were quantified by quantitive real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The effects of miR-330-3p on NSCLC cells were investigated using assays of cell viability, migration, invasion, cell cycle, apoptosis, western blotting, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence staining. A xenograft nude mouse model and in situ brain metastasis model were used to observe tumor growth and brain metastasis. The potential target of miR-330-3p in NSCLC cells was explored using the luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. The miR-330-3p targets were identified using bioinformatics analysis and verified by luciferase reporter assay. The correlation between GRIA3 and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 1 and DNMT3A was tested by RT-PCR, western blotting, and co-immunoprecipitation (IP). Results miR-330-3p was significantly up-regulated in NSCLC cell lines. MTT assay, transwell migration, and invasion assays showed that miR-330-3p promoted the growth, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells in vitro and induced tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Luciferase reporter assays showed that GRIA3 was a target of miR-330-3p. qRT-PCR and western blotting exhibited that miR-330-3p promoted the growth, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular-regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway. Furthermore, miR-330-3p up-regulated the total DNA methylation in NSCLC cells, and co-IP-demonstrated GRIA3 was directly related with DNMT1 and DNMT3A. Conclusions miR-330-3p promoted the progression of NSCLC and might be a potential target for the further research of NSCLC brain metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-017-0493-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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38
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Amodio N, D'Aquila P, Passarino G, Tassone P, Bellizzi D. Epigenetic modifications in multiple myeloma: recent advances on the role of DNA and histone methylation. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:91-101. [PMID: 27892767 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2016.1266339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a clonal late B-cell disorder accounting for about 13% of hematological cancers and 1% of all neoplastic diseases. Recent studies on the molecular pathogenesis and biology of MM have highlighted a complex epigenomic landscape contributing to MM onset, prognosis and high individual variability. Areas covered: We describe here the current knowledge on epigenetic events characterizing MM initiation and progression, focusing on the role of DNA and histone methylation and on the most promising epi-therapeutic approaches targeting the methylation pathway. Expert opinion: Data published so far indicate that alterations of the epigenetic framework, which include aberrant global or gene/non-coding RNA specific methylation profiles, feature prominently in the pathobiology of MM. Indeed, the aberrant expression of components of the epigenetic machinery as well as the reversibility of the epigenetic marks make this pathway druggable, providing the basis for the design of epigenetic therapies against this still fatal malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Amodio
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Patrizia D'Aquila
- b Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences , University of Calabria , Rende , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- b Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences , University of Calabria , Rende , Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University , Catanzaro , Italy.,c Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , US
| | - Dina Bellizzi
- b Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences , University of Calabria , Rende , Italy
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Alzrigat M, Jernberg-Wiklund H. The miR-125a and miR-320c are potential tumor suppressor microRNAs epigenetically silenced by the polycomb repressive complex 2 in multiple myeloma. RNA & DISEASE 2017; 4. [PMID: 28664185 PMCID: PMC5485917 DOI: 10.14800/rd.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously presented the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) as a potential therapeutic target in Multiple Myeloma (MM). In a recent article in Oncotarget by Alzrigat. et al. 2017, we have reported on the novel finding that EZH2 inhibition using the highly selective inhibitor of EZH2 enzymatic activity, UNC1999, reactivated the expression of microRNA genes previously reported to be underexpressed in MM. Among these, we have identified miR-125a-3p and miR-320c as potential tumor suppressor microRNAs as they were predicted to target MM-associated oncogenes; IRF-4, XBP-1 and BLIMP-1. We also found EZH2 inhibition to reactivate the expression of miR-494, a previously reported regulator of the c-MYC oncogene. In addition, we could report that EZH2 inhibition downregulated the expression of a few well described oncogenic microRNAs in MM. The data from our recent article are here highlighted as it shed a new light onto the oncogenic function of the PRC2 in MM. These data further strengthen the notion that the PRC2 complex may be of potential therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alzrigat
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-751 85, Sweden
| | - Helena Jernberg-Wiklund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-751 85, Sweden
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40
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MicroRNA expression patterns and target prediction in multiple myeloma development and malignancy. Genes Genomics 2017; 39:533-540. [PMID: 28458781 PMCID: PMC5387019 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-017-0518-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic changes have emerged as key causes in the development and progression of multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, global microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling were performed for 27 MM (19 specimens and 8 cell lines) and 3 normal controls by microarray. miRNA-targets were identified by integrating the miRNA expression profiles with mRNA expression profiles of the matched samples (unpublished data). Two miRNAs were selected for verification by RT-qPCR (miR-150-5p and miR-4430). A total of 1791 and 8 miRNAs were over-expressed and under-expressed, respectively in MM compared to the controls (fold change ≥2.0; p < 0.05). The miRNA-mRNA integrative analysis revealed inverse correlation between 5 putative target genes (RAD54L, CCNA2, CYSLTR2, RASGRF2 and HKDC1) and 15 miRNAs (p < 0.05). Most of the differentially expressed miRNAs are involved in survival, proliferation, migration, invasion and drug resistance in MM. Some have never been described in association with MM (miR-33a, miR-9 and miR-211). Interestingly, our results revealed 2 miRNAs, which are closely related to B cell differentiation (miR-150 and miR-125b). For the first time, we suggest that miR-150 might be potential negative regulator for two critical cell cycle control genes, RAD54L and CCNA2, whereas miR-125b potentially target RAS and CysLT signaling proteins, namely RASGRF2 and CYSLTR2, respectively. This study has enhanced our understanding on the pathobiology of MM and opens up new avenues for future research in myelomagenesis.
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non coding RNAs that regulate the gene expression and play a relevant role in physiopathological mechanisms such as development, proliferation, death, and differentiation of normal and cancer cells. Recently, abnormal expression of miRNAs has been reported in most of solid or hematopoietic malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM), where miRNAs have been found deeply dysregulated and act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Presently, the most recognized approach for definition of miRNA portraits is based on microarray profiling analysis. We here describe a workflow based on the identification of dysregulated miRNAs in plasma cells from MM patients based on Affymetrix technology. We describe how it is possible to search miRNA putative targets performing whole gene expression profile on MM cell lines transfected with miRNA mimics or inhibitors followed by luciferase reporter assay to analyze the specific targeting of the 3'untranslated region (UTR) sequence of a mRNA by selected miRNAs. These technological approaches are suitable strategies for the identification of relevant druggable targets in MM.
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42
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Disentangling the microRNA regulatory milieu in multiple myeloma: integrative genomics analysis outlines mixed miRNA-TF circuits and pathway-derived networks modulated in t(4;14) patients. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2367-78. [PMID: 26496024 PMCID: PMC4823041 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of overexpressed miRNAs in multiple myeloma (MM) has progressively added a further level of complexity to MM biology. miRNA and gene expression profiles of two large representative MM datasets, available from retrospective and prospective series and encompassing a total of 249 patients at diagnosis, were analyzed by means of in silico integrative genomics methods, based on MAGIA2 and Micrographite computational procedures. We first identified relevant miRNA/transcription factors/target gene regulation circuits in the disease and linked them to biological processes. Members of the miR-99b/let-7e/miR-125a cluster, or of its paralog, upregulated in t(4;14), were connected with the specific transcription factors PBX1 and CEBPA and several target genes. These results were validated in two additional independent plasma cell tumor datasets. Then, we reconstructed a non-redundant miRNA-gene regulatory network in MM, linking miRNAs, such as let-7g, miR-19a, mirR-20a, mir-21, miR-29 family, miR-34 family, miR-125b, miR-155, miR-221 to pathways associated with MM subtypes, in particular the ErbB, the Hippo, and the Acute myeloid leukemia associated pathways.
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43
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Yan W, Guo H, Suo F, Han C, Zheng H, Chen T. The effect of miR-146a on STAT1 expression and apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:151-154. [PMID: 28123535 PMCID: PMC5244898 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of miR-146a-dependent regulation of STAT1 on apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) Jurkat cells was investigated. The miR-146a mimic and miR-146a inhibitor vectors were constructed in vitro, and experimental grouping was as follows: Control group (untreated Jurkat cells), empty vector group (Jurkat cells transfected with empty vector), agonist group (Jurkat cells transfected with miR-146a mimic) and the inhibitor group (Jurkat cells transfected with miR-146a inhibitor). Western blot analysis was used to observe the expression, respectively, of STAT1, p-STAT1 and Bcl-xL, and flow cytometry was used to test apoptosis in Jurkat cells. STAT1 and p-STAT1 expression in the agonist group was higher than that in the control and empty vector groups, but lower in the inhibitor group, and differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The rate of apoptosis in the agonist group was significantly higher than that of the control group and blank vector group, and it was significantly lower in the inhibitor group (P<0.05). As a tumor suppressor, miR-146a can regulate expression of apoptosis-promoting factor STAT1, and anti-apoptosis factor Bcl-xL, and is able to promote apoptosis of ALL Jurkat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong 257091, P.R. China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong 257091, P.R. China
| | - Feng Suo
- Department of Radiology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong 257091, P.R. China
| | - Chunling Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong 257091, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong 257091, P.R. China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, Shangdong 257091, P.R. China
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Mina R, D’Agostino M, Cerrato C, Gay F, Palumbo A. Plasma cell leukemia: update on biology and therapy. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 58:1538-1547. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1250263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mina
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mattia D’Agostino
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Cerrato
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Gay
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Antonio Palumbo
- Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
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45
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Neri A, Todoerti K, Lionetti M, Simeon V, Barbieri M, Nozza F, Vona G, Pompa A, Baldini L, Musto P. Primary plasma cell leukemia 2.0: advances in biology and clinical management. Expert Rev Hematol 2016; 9:1063-1073. [DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2016.1244002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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46
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Identification of Long Non-Coding RNAs Deregulated in Multiple Myeloma Cells Resistant to Proteasome Inhibitors. Genes (Basel) 2016; 7:genes7100084. [PMID: 27782060 PMCID: PMC5083923 DOI: 10.3390/genes7100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
While the clinical benefit of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) for multiple myeloma (MM) treatment remains unchallenged, dose-limiting toxicities and the inevitable emergence of drug resistance limit their long-term utility. Disease eradication is compromised by drug resistance that is either present de novo or therapy-induced, which accounts for the majority of tumor relapses and MM-related deaths. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a broad class of RNA molecules, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), that do not encode proteins but play a major role in regulating the fundamental cellular processes that control cancer initiation, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. While lncRNAs have recently attracted significant attention as therapeutic targets to potentially improve cancer treatment, identification of lncRNAs that are deregulated in cells resistant to PIs has not been previously addressed. We have modeled drug resistance by generating three MM cell lines with acquired resistance to either bortezomib, carfilzomib, or ixazomib. Genome-wide profiling identified lncRNAs that were significantly deregulated in all three PI-resistant cell lines relative to the drug-sensitive parental cell line. Strikingly, certain lncRNAs deregulated in the three PI-resistant cell lines were also deregulated in MM plasma cells isolated from newly diagnosed patients compared to healthy plasma cells. Taken together, these preliminary studies strongly suggest that lncRNAs represent potential therapeutic targets to prevent or overcome drug resistance. More investigations are ongoing to expand these initial studies in a greater number of MM patients to better define lncRNAs signatures that contribute to PI resistance in MM.
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47
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Yang G, Xiong G, Cao Z, Zheng S, You L, Zhang T, Zhao Y. miR-497 expression, function and clinical application in cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:55900-55911. [PMID: 27344185 PMCID: PMC5342460 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that inhibit gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of their target mRNAs. Recent studies show that miR-497 plays an important role in various cancers. Here, we summarize the existing studies of miR-497 as following: (1) miR-497 expression in cancer; (2) regulation mechanisms of miR-497 expression; (3) function of miR-497 in cancer; (4) direct targets of miR-497; (5) Clinical applications of miR-497. Recent analyses verify that miR-497 mainly suppresses tumors; however, it also acts as an oncogene in several cancers. Increasing evidence indicates that miR-497 can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and is a promising therapeutic target for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guangbing Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Suli Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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48
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Hocking J, Mithraprabhu S, Kalff A, Spencer A. Liquid biopsies for liquid tumors: emerging potential of circulating free nucleic acid evaluation for the management of hematologic malignancies. Cancer Biol Med 2016; 13:215-25. [PMID: 27458529 PMCID: PMC4944540 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating free nucleic acids; cell free DNA and circulating micro-RNA, are found in the
plasma of patients with hematologic and solid malignancies at levels higher than that of
healthy individuals. In patients with hematologic malignancy cell free DNA reflects the
underlying tumor mutational profile, whilst micro-RNAs reflect genetic interference
mechanisms within a tumor and potentially the surrounding microenvironment and immune
effector cells. These circulating nucleic acids offer a potentially simple, non-invasive,
repeatable analysis that can aid in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic decisions in
cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Hocking
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Center for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; Malignant Haematology & Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Sridurga Mithraprabhu
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Center for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Anna Kalff
- Malignant Haematology & Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Center for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; Malignant Haematology & Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3004, Australia
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49
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Bi C, Chung TH, Huang G, Zhou J, Yan J, Ahmann GJ, Fonseca R, Chng WJ. Genome-wide pharmacologic unmasking identifies tumor suppressive microRNAs in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:26508-18. [PMID: 26164366 PMCID: PMC4694918 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations have emerged as an important cause of microRNA (miRNA) deregulation. In Multiple Myeloma (MM), a few tumor suppressive miRNAs silenced by DNA hypermethylation have been reported, but so far there are few systemic investigations on epigenetically silenced miRNAs. We conducted genome-wide screening for tumor suppressive miRNAs epigenetically silenced in MM. Four Human MM Cell lines were treated with demethylating agent 5'azacytidine (5'aza). Consistently upregulated miRNAs include miR-155, miR-198, miR-135a*, miR-200c, miR-125a-3p, miR-188-5p, miR-483-5p, miR-663, and miR-630. Methylation array analysis revealed increased methylation at or near miRNA-associated CpG islands in MM patients. Ectopic restoration of miR-155, miR-198, miR-135a*, miR-200c, miR-663 and miR-483-5p significantly repressed MM cell proliferation, migration and colony formation. Furthermore, we derived a 33-gene signature from predicted miRNA target genes that were also upregulated in MM patients and associated with patient survival in three independent myeloma datasets. In summary, we have revealed important, epigenetically silenced tumor suppressive miRNAs by pharmacologic reversal of epigenetic silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonglei Bi
- Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tae-Hoon Chung
- Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gaofeng Huang
- Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianbiao Zhou
- Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Junli Yan
- Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Wee Joo Chng
- Experimental Therapeutics, Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
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50
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Sibbesen NA, Kopp KL, Litvinov IV, Jønson L, Willerslev-Olsen A, Fredholm S, Petersen DL, Nastasi C, Krejsgaard T, Lindahl LM, Gniadecki R, Mongan NP, Sasseville D, Wasik MA, Iversen L, Bonefeld CM, Geisler C, Woetmann A, Odum N. Jak3, STAT3, and STAT5 inhibit expression of miR-22, a novel tumor suppressor microRNA, in cutaneous T-Cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20555-69. [PMID: 26244872 PMCID: PMC4653025 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of Janus kinase-3 (Jak3) and its key down-stream effectors, Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 (STAT3) and STAT5, is a key feature of malignant transformation in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). However, it remains only partially understood how Jak3/STAT activation promotes lymphomagenesis. Recently, non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this malignancy. Here, we show that (i) malignant T cells display a decreased expression of a tumor suppressor miRNA, miR-22, when compared to non-malignant T cells, (ii) STAT5 binds the promoter of the miR-22 host gene, and (iii) inhibition of Jak3, STAT3, and STAT5 triggers increased expression of pri-miR-22 and miR-22. Curcumin, a nutrient with anti-Jak3 activity and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) also trigger increased expression of pri-miR-22 and miR-22. Transfection of malignant T cells with recombinant miR-22 inhibits the expression of validated miR-22 targets including NCoA1, a transcriptional co-activator in others cancers, as well as HDAC6, MAX, MYCBP, PTEN, and CDK2, which have all been implicated in CTCL pathogenesis. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence that de-regulated Jak3/STAT3/STAT5 signalling in CTCL cells represses the expression of the gene encoding miR-22, a novel tumor suppressor miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina A Sibbesen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katharina L Kopp
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lars Jønson
- Departmen of Molecular Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Simon Fredholm
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David L Petersen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claudia Nastasi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorbjørn Krejsgaard
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise M Lindahl
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- Departmen of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nigel P Mongan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lars Iversen
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Charlotte M Bonefeld
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Geisler
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Woetmann
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Odum
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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