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Pharmacogenetics of the Primary and Metastatic Osteosarcoma: Gene Expression Profile Associated with Outcome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065607. [PMID: 36982681 PMCID: PMC10059037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. In recent decades, OS treatment has reached a plateau and drug resistance is still a major challenge. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the expression of the genes related to pharmacogenetics in OS. The expression of 32 target genes in 80 paired specimens (pre-chemotherapeutic primary tumor, post-chemotherapeutic primary tumor and pulmonary metastasis) obtained from 33 patients diagnosed with OS were analyzed by the real-time PCR methodology. As the calibrators (control), five normal bone specimens were used. The present study identified associations between the OS outcome and the expression of the genes TOP2A, DHFR, MTHFR, BCL2L1, CASP3, FASLG, GSTM3, SOD1, ABCC1, ABCC2, ABCC3, ABCC5, ABCC6, ABCC10, ABCC11, ABCG2, RALBP1, SLC19A1, SLC22A1, ERCC1 and MSH2. In addition, the expression of the ABCC10, GGH, GSTM3 and SLC22A1 genes were associated with the disease event, and the metastasis specimens showed a high expression profile of ABCC1, ABCC3 and ABCC4 genes and a low expression of SLC22A1 and ABCC10 genes, which is possibly an important factor for resistance in OS metastasis. Therefore, our findings may, in the future, contribute to clinical management as prognostic factors as well as possible therapeutic targets.
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2
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Hurkmans EGE, Brand ACAM, Verdonschot JAJ, te Loo DMWM, Coenen MJH. Pharmacogenetics of chemotherapy treatment response and -toxicities in patients with osteosarcoma: a systematic review. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1326. [PMID: 36536332 PMCID: PMC9761983 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor in children and adolescents. Despite multiagent chemotherapy, only 71% of patients survives and these survivors often experience long-term toxicities. The main objective of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the discovery of novel associations of germline polymorphisms with treatment response and/or chemotherapy-induced toxicities in osteosarcoma. METHODS: MEDLINE and Embase were systematically searched (2010-July 2022). Genetic association studies were included if they assessed > 10 germline genetic variants in > 5 genes in relevant drug pathways or if they used a genotyping array or other large-scale genetic analysis. Quality was assessed using adjusted STrengthening the REporting of Genetic Association studies (STREGA)-guidelines. To find additional evidence for the identified associations, literature was searched to identify replication studies. RESULTS After screening 1999 articles, twenty articles met our inclusion criteria. These range from studies focusing on genes in relevant pharmacokinetic pathways to whole genome sequencing. Eleven articles reported on doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. For seven genetic variants in CELF4, GPR35, HAS3, RARG, SLC22A17, SLC22A7 and SLC28A3, replication studies were performed, however without consistent results. Ototoxicity was investigated in one study. Five small studies reported on mucosistis or bone marrow, nephro- and/or hepatotoxicity. Six studies included analysis for treatment efficacy. Genetic variants in ABCC3, ABCC5, FasL, GLDC, GSTP1 were replicated in studies using heterogeneous efficacy outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Despite that results are promising, the majority of associations were poorly reproducible due to small patient cohorts. For the future, hypothesis-generating studies in large patient cohorts will be necessary, especially for cisplatin-induced ototoxicity as these are largely lacking. In order to form large patient cohorts, national and international collaboration will be essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien G. E. Hurkmans
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annouk C. A. M. Brand
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Job A. J. Verdonschot
- grid.412966.e0000 0004 0480 1382Department of Clinical Genetics and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - D. Maroeska W. M. te Loo
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke J. H. Coenen
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Zhou C, Sun Y, Gong Z, Li J, Zhao X, Yang Q, Yu H, Ye J, Liang J, Jiang L, Zhang D, Shen Z, Zheng S. FAT1 and MSH2 Are Predictive Prognostic Markers for Chinese Osteosarcoma Patients Following Chemotherapeutic Treatment. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:885-895. [PMID: 35279875 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is characterized by diverse genetic mutations, including single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), which can complicate clinical outcomes of the treatment. This study identified key mutations or polymorphisms in genes that correlate with osteosarcoma prognoses. A total of 110 patients with osteosarcoma were assigned to "good" or "poor" cohorts depending on their 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) after surgery and chemotherapeutic treatment. We performed next-generation sequencing analysis of tumor tissues for prognosis-associated SNVs in 315 tumorigenesis-related genes, followed by modeling of clinical outcomes for these patients using random forest classification via a support vector machine (SVM). Data from the Chinese Millionome Database were used to compare SNV frequency in osteosarcoma patients and healthy people. SVM screening identified 17 nonsynonymous SNVs located in 15 genes, of which rs17224367 and rs3733406 (located in MSH2 and FAT1, respectively) were strongly correlated with osteosarcoma prognosis. These results were verified in a 26-patient validation cohort, confirming that these SNVs could be used to predict prognosis. These results demonstrated that two SNVs located in MSH2 and FAT1 are associated with prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenliang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziying Gong
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Companion Diagnostics, Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China.,Department of R&D, Zhejiang Yunying Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China
| | - Jieyi Li
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Companion Diagnostics, Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China.,Department of R&D, Zhejiang Yunying Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaokai Zhao
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Companion Diagnostics, Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China.,Department of R&D, Zhejiang Yunying Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China
| | - Quanjun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjie Yu
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Companion Diagnostics, Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China.,Department of R&D, Zhejiang Yunying Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China
| | - Jianwei Ye
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Companion Diagnostics, Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China.,Department of R&D, Zhejiang Yunying Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China
| | - Jinrong Liang
- Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Linlan Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Daoyun Zhang
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Companion Diagnostics, Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China.,Department of R&D, Zhejiang Yunying Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuier Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Wang Y, Chen J, Huang Y, Yang S, Tan T, Wang N, Zhang J, Ye C, Wei M, Luo J, Luo X. Schisandrin B suppresses osteosarcoma lung metastasis in vivo by inhibiting the activation of the Wnt/β‑catenin and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Oncol Rep 2022; 47:50. [PMID: 35029287 PMCID: PMC8771162 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor worldwide and is associated with a poor prognosis, often being accompanied by lung metastasis at an early stage. At present, there are several side-effects associated with the OS clinical treatment of OS, with the treatment effects often being unsatisfactory. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of safe and effective novel drugs for the treatment of OS. Schisandrin B (Sch B) has been previously demonstrated to exhibit antitumor properties. The present study was focused on the effects of Sch B on OS cells (143B, MG63, Saos2 and U2OS) in vitro and in vivo, and also on its possible antitumor mechanisms. In cell experiments, it was revealed that Sch B inhibited OS cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased OS cell apoptosis. As regards its biosafety, no notable effects of Sch B on the vitality of normal cells were observed. Mechanistically, it was demonstrated that Sch B blocked OS cell proliferation in the G1 phase. Subsequently, by using established animal models, it was revealed that Sch B significantly inhibited OS growth and lung metastasis in vivo. In summary, the results of the present study revealed that Sch B inhibited OS cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis via the inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, without causing any noticeable toxic effects on healthy cells at the therapeutic concentrations used. These findings suggest that Sch B has potential for use as a novel agent for the clinical treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Shengdong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Caihong Ye
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mengqi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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Serra M, Hattinger CM, Pasello M, Casotti C, Fantoni L, Riganti C, Manara MC. Impact of ABC Transporters in Osteosarcoma and Ewing's Sarcoma: Which Are Involved in Chemoresistance and Which Are Not? Cells 2021; 10:cells10092461. [PMID: 34572110 PMCID: PMC8467338 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily consists of several proteins with a wide repertoire of functions. Under physiological conditions, ABC transporters are involved in cellular trafficking of hormones, lipids, ions, xenobiotics, and several other molecules, including a broad spectrum of chemical substrates and chemotherapeutic drugs. In cancers, ABC transporters have been intensely studied over the past decades, mostly for their involvement in the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. This review provides an overview of ABC transporters, both related and unrelated to MDR, which have been studied in osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. Since different backbone drugs used in first-line or rescue chemotherapy for these two rare bone sarcomas are substrates of ABC transporters, this review particularly focused on studies that have provided findings that have been either translated to clinical practice or have indicated new candidate therapeutic targets; however, findings obtained from ABC transporters that were not directly involved in drug resistance were also discussed, in order to provide a more complete overview of the biological impacts of these molecules in osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. Finally, therapeutic strategies and agents aimed to circumvent ABC-mediated chemoresistance were discussed to provide future perspectives about possible treatment improvements of these neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Serra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.H.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (L.F.); (M.C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-6366762
| | - Claudia Maria Hattinger
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.H.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (L.F.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Michela Pasello
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.H.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (L.F.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Chiara Casotti
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.H.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (L.F.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Leonardo Fantoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.H.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (L.F.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Maria Cristina Manara
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.H.); (M.P.); (C.C.); (L.F.); (M.C.M.)
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6
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Magdy T, Burridge PW. Use of hiPSC to explicate genomic predisposition to anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Pharmacogenomics 2021; 22:41-54. [PMID: 33448871 PMCID: PMC7923254 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The anticancer agents of the anthracycline family are commonly associated with the potential to cause severe toxicity to the heart. To solve the question of why particular a patient is predisposed to anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC), researchers have conducted numerous pharmacogenomic studies and identified more than 60 loci associated with AIC. To date, none of these identified loci have been developed into US FDA-approved biomarkers for use in routine clinical practice. With advances in the application of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, sequencing technologies and genomic editing techniques, variants associated with AIC can now be validated in a human model. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of known genetic variants associated with AIC from the perspective of how human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes can be used to help better explain the genomic predilection to AIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Magdy
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Paul W Burridge
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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7
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Yuan X, Piao L, Wang L, Han X, Tong L, Shao S, Xu X, Zhuang M, Liu Z. Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1-like 3 inhibits osteosarcoma cell invasion through regulation of Snai1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:1947-1961. [PMID: 33323539 PMCID: PMC7880352 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1-like 3 (EPB41L3) is an important membrane skeletal protein that may interact with numerous membrane proteins. Loss of EPB41L3 is reported in multiple cancer types, and it is originally identified as a tumor suppressor. In this study, through analyzing expression profiling retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset, we find that EPB41L3 is upregulated in primary osteosarcoma (OS) and osteosarcoma cell lines. Importantly, EPB41L3 may promote osteosarcoma cell proliferation and suppress osteosarcoma cell migration and invasion. Reduced EPB41L3 leads to a decrease of E-cadherin as well as an increase of N-cadherin and Vimentin, implying a prominent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, we demonstrate that EPB41L3 inhibits the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through destabilizing the Snai1 protein, one of the most important transcription factors of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process. Collectively, our study has first established the complex and vital roles of EPB41L3 and implicated EPB41L3 as a potential biomarker in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Lianhua Piao
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Luhui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Lei Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Shijie Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshuang Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhuang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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8
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Li X, Lu Y, Ou X, Zeng S, Wang Y, Qi X, Zhu L, Liu Z. Changes and sex- and age-related differences in the expression of drug metabolizing enzymes in a KRAS-mutant mouse model of lung cancer. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10182. [PMID: 33240601 PMCID: PMC7680056 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to systematically profile the alterations and sex- and age-related differences in the drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in a KRAS-mutant mouse model of lung cancer (KRAS mice). Methodology In this study, the LC-MS/MS approach and a probe substrate method were used to detect the alterations in 21 isoforms of DMEs, as well as the enzymatic activities of five isoforms, respectively. Western blotting was applied to study the protein expression of four related receptors. Results The proteins contents of CYP2C29 and CYP3A11, were significantly downregulated in the livers of male KRAS mice at 26 weeks (3.7- and 4.4-fold, respectively, p < 0.05). SULT1A1 and SULT1D1 were upregulated by 1.8- to 7.0- fold at 20 (p = 0.015 and 0.017, respectively) and 26 weeks (p = 0.055 and 0.031, respectively). There were positive correlations between protein expression and enzyme activity for CYP2E1, UGT1A9, SULT1A1 and SULT1D1 (r2 ≥ 0.5, p < 0.001). Western blotting analysis revealed the downregulation of AHR, FXR and PPARα protein expression in male KRAS mice at 26 weeks. For sex-related differences, CYP2E1 was male-predominant and UGT1A2 was female-predominant in the kidney. UGT1A1 and UGT1A5 expression was female-predominant, whereas UGT2B1 exhibited male-predominant expression in liver tissue. For the tissue distribution of DMEs, 21 subtypes of DMEs were all expressed in liver tissue. In the intestine, the expression levels of CYP2C29, CYP27A1, UGT1A2, 1A5, 1A6a, 1A9, 2B1, 2B5 and 2B36 were under the limitation of quantification. The subtypes of CYP7A1, 1B1, 2E1 and UGT1A1, 2A3, 2B34 were detected in kidney tissue. Conclusions This study, for the first time, unveils the variations and sex- and age-related differences in DMEs in C57 BL/6 (WT) mice and KRAS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyan Lu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Ou
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijing Zeng
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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9
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CXCR3 from chemokine receptor family correlates with immune infiltration and predicts poor survival in osteosarcoma. Biosci Rep 2020; 39:220768. [PMID: 31696204 PMCID: PMC6851512 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemokine receptors have a crucial role in regulating tumor mediating immunity and are also implicated in the prognosis of some cancers. Here, the association between CXC chemokine receptors (CXCR2–5) and prognosis in osteosarcoma was studied. Methods: Differences between CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, and CXCR5 expression and overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were compared using Kaplan–Meier analyses. The associations of CXCR3 expression with clinical features and the prognosis were also analyzed. The signaling pathways modulated by CXCR3 were investigated. The correlations between CXCR3 and immune infiltrates were investigated. Results: The expression of CXCR2, CXCR4, and CXCR5 was not associated with the prognosis, but CXCR3 low expression was correlated with worse OS and EFS of osteosarcoma, especially for female, patients aged less than 15.1 years, or patients without metastasis. Low CXCR3 expression was related to tumor site and histologic response (P<0.05), but not associated with other clinical characteristics. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that CXCR3 remained independently associated with the prognosis, especially for OS (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.26, 95% CI = 1.15–9.24, P=0.026). The cell adhesion, apoptosis, metabolism, KRAS, P53, NOTCH, reactive oxygen species (ROS), PI3K/Akt/mTOR, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), inflammation, and immune-related pathways such as IL-6/JAK/STAT3, TNF-α via NF-κB, Toll/NOD-like receptor, and complement were modulated by CXCR3. CXCR3 expression showed an especially positive correlation with immune infiltration of T cells CD8, macrophages M1, plasma cells, and NK cells activated. Conclusions: CXCR3 may be an independent risk factor for the prognosis and is most likely to benefit from immunotherapy in osteosarcoma.
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10
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Hattinger CM, Patrizio MP, Luppi S, Serra M. Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics in Osteosarcoma: Translational Studies and Clinical Impact. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4659. [PMID: 32629971 PMCID: PMC7369799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade osteosarcoma (HGOS) is a very aggressive bone tumor which primarily affects adolescents and young adults. Although not advanced as is the case for other cancers, pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic studies applied to HGOS have been providing hope for an improved understanding of the biology and the identification of genetic biomarkers, which may impact on clinical care management. Recent developments of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics in HGOS are expected to: i) highlight genetic events that trigger oncogenesis or which may act as drivers of disease; ii) validate research models that best predict clinical behavior; and iii) indicate genetic biomarkers associated with clinical outcome (in terms of treatment response, survival probability and susceptibility to chemotherapy-related toxicities). The generated body of information may be translated to clinical settings, in order to improve both effectiveness and safety of conventional chemotherapy trials as well as to indicate new tailored treatment strategies. Here, we review and summarize the current scientific evidence for each of the aforementioned issues in view of possible clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Massimo Serra
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.H.); (M.P.P.); (S.L.)
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11
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Cong M, Jing R. Long non-coding RNA TUSC7 suppresses osteosarcoma by targeting miR-211. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190291. [PMID: 31652435 PMCID: PMC6851516 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in regulating cancer progression and metastasis. LncRNA tumor suppressor candidate 7 (TUSC-7) was shown to be a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma. However, the regulation mechanism of TUSC-7 in osteosarcoma is unknown. Bioinformatics analysis showed that TUSC7 specifically binds to miR-211. MiR-211 was up-regulated in osteosarcoma and negatively correlated with the expression of TUSC7. miR-211 expression was inhibited remarkably by TUSC7 overexpression and the reciprocal inhibition exists between TUSC7 and miR-211. RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays were used to validate the sequence-specific correlation between miR-211 and TUSC7. TUSC7 inhibited the proliferation, migration of osteosarcoma cells and promoted cellular apoptosis, which is largely mediated by miR-211. We conclude that the TUSC7 acted as a tumor suppressor gene, which is negatively regulated by miR-211. Our study could suggest a potentially novel therapeutic strategy against osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Cong
- Department of Orthopaedic, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, No.107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan City 250012, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Rui Jing
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, No. 247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan City 250033, Shandong Province, P.R. China
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12
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Polymorphisms of genes encoding drug transporters or cytochrome P450 enzymes and association with clinical response in cancer patients: a systematic review. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 84:959-975. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Lancia C, Anninga JK, Sydes MR, Spitoni C, Whelan J, Hogendoorn PCW, Gelderblom H, Fiocco M. A novel method to address the association between received dose intensity and survival outcome: benefits of approaching treatment intensification at a more individualised level in a trial of the European Osteosarcoma Intergroup. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 83:951-962. [PMID: 30879111 PMCID: PMC6458990 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03797-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is lack of consensus on the prognostic value of received high dose intensity in osteosarcoma survivorship. Many studies have not shown a clear survival benefit when dose intensity is increased. The aim of this study is to go beyond chemotherapy intensification by arm-wide escalation of intended dose and/or compression of treatment schedule, while conversely addressing the relationship between treatment intensity and survival at the patient level. The study focusses on the difference in outcome results, based on a novel, progressively more individualised approach to dose intensity. METHODS A retrospective analysis of data from MRC BO06/EORTC 80931 randomised controlled trial for treatment of osteosarcoma was conducted. Three types of post hoc patient groups are formed using the intended regimen: the individually achieved cumulative dose and time on treatment, and the increase of individual cumulative dose over time. Event-free survival is investigated and compared in these three stratifications. RESULTS The strata of intended regimen and achieved treatment yields equivalent results. Received cumulative dose over time produces groups with evident different survivorship characteristics. In particular, it highlights a group of patients with an estimated 3-year event-free survival much larger (more than 10%) than other patient groups. This group mostly contains patients randomised to an intensified regimen. In addition, adverse events reported by that group show the presence of increased preoperative myelotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS The manuscript shows the benefits of analyzing studies by using longitudinal data, e.g. recorded per cycle. This has impact on the drafting of future trials by showing why such a level of detail is needed for both treatment and adverse event data. The novel method proposed, based on cumulative dose received over time, shows that longitudinal treatment data might be used to link survival outcome with drug metabolism. This is particularly valuable when pharmacogenetics data for metabolism of cytotoxic agents are not collected. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN86294690.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Lancia
- Mathematical Institute Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 1, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jakob K. Anninga
- Department Paediatric Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew R. Sydes
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, UCL and MRC London Hub for Trials Methodology Research, 90 High Holborn, London, WC1V 6LJ UK
| | - Cristian Spitoni
- Mathematical Institute Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 6, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeremy Whelan
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospital, 235 Euston Rd, Fitzrovia, London, NW1 2BU UK
| | - Pancras C. W. Hogendoorn
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Mathematical Institute Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 1, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Section Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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14
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Hattinger CM, Patrizio MP, Luppi S, Magagnoli F, Picci P, Serra M. Current understanding of pharmacogenetic implications of DNA damaging drugs used in osteosarcoma treatment. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2019; 15:299-311. [PMID: 30822170 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2019.1588885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DNA damaging drugs are widely used for the chemotherapeutic treatment of high-grade osteosarcoma (HGOS). In HGOS patients, several germline polymorphisms have been reported to impact on the development of adverse toxic events related to DNA damaging drugs treatment. Some of these polymorphisms, when present in tumor cells, may also influence treatment response and prognosis of HGOS patients. Area covered: In this review, the authors have focused on pharmacogenetic markers (mainly germline polymorphisms) described in patients with HGOS, which have proved or indicated to be related to the susceptibility to adverse toxic reactions and/or to influence response to DNA damaging drugs. The concordant and discordant results reported in different studies have also been discussed. Expert opinion: Response and toxicity predisposition to DNA damaging drugs are influenced by genes encoding proteins involved in their uptake, efflux, activation, inactivation, and in DNA repair, activity of which may vary according to specific gene variations. In HGOS, there is a substantial medical need for biomarkers predictive for individual response and toxicity predisposition to DNA-targeting drugs, which may be used to tailor therapy in order to decrease the occurrence of adverse side effects and increase treatment efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Maria Hattinger
- a Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Maria Pia Patrizio
- a Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Silvia Luppi
- a Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Federica Magagnoli
- a Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Piero Picci
- b Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Massimo Serra
- a Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
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15
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Xu L, Wang L, Xue B, Wang S. MTHFR variant is associated with high-dose methotrexate-induced toxicity in the Chinese osteosarcoma patients. J Bone Oncol 2018; 13:143-147. [PMID: 30591868 PMCID: PMC6303521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C polymorphisms in the efficacy and toxicity of MTX-based therapy remains uncertain. Our purpose was to clarify whether these two polymorphisms are associated with the outcome of chemotherapy in a cohort of Chinese osteosarcoma (OS) patients treated by high-dose MTX. Methods 109 OS patients who had sequentially received high-dose MTX therapy were included in this study. Plasma MTX level was measured routinely at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h after the administration of MTX. Two variants of MTHFR were genotyped using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay, including rs1801133 (C667T) and rs1801131 (A1298C). The extent of toxicity induced by MTX, including hematological toxicity, hepatic toxicity, renal toxicity and mucositis, was scored from grade 1 to 4. Severe toxicity was defined as a grade score of ≥3. Patients were dichotomized as follows: grade <3 or ≥3 for toxicity, and ≤0.2 µmol/L or >0.2 µmol/L for plasma MTX level at 72 h. The frequencies of genotypes and allele were compared between the dichotomized groups with the Chi-square test. Results 24.8% (27/109) of the patients were found to have significantly high plasma MTX level at the 72 h. Patients with high MTX level at 72 h were found to have significantly higher frequency of genotype TT of rs1801133 (p = 0.002). As for rs1801131, no significant association was found with plasma MTX level. Patients with severe hepatic toxicity or mucositis were found to have remarkably higher incidence of genotype TT of rs1801133 than those with mild toxicity (33.3% vs. 14.8%, p = 0.04 for hepatic toxicity; 34.8% vs. 19.8%, p = 0.05 for mucositis). Conclusions Variant rs1801133 was confirmed to have remarkable influence on the MTX-induced toxicity. We recommend identification of the genotype of MTHFR variant prior to the application of high-dose MTX to OS patients, which could be an important predictor to screen severe toxicities and thus improve treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lujun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China
| | - Bingchuan Xue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shoufeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, China
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16
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Chen D, Wang H, Zhang M, Jiang S, Zhou C, Fang B, Chen P. Abnormally expressed long non-coding RNAs in prognosis of Osteosarcoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bone Oncol 2018; 13:76-90. [PMID: 30591861 PMCID: PMC6303364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High LncRNA expression was significantly correlated with the poorer OS prognosis in osteosarcoma patients. However, the cut-off values may be the source of heterogeneity. The expression level of LncRNA was positively correlated with alkaline phosphatase, tumor size, metastasis, distant metastasis and Enneking stage. This meta-analysis demonstrated that abnormal LncRNAs expression was correlated with advanced clinicopathological features and poor prognosis as a novel predictive biomarker in osteosarcoma.
Background Numerous studies have reported the relationship between Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) expression and prognosis of osteosarcoma, but less consensus has been reached. Our meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively assess the relationship between the expression of LncRNAs, prognosis and clinical pathology in osteosarcoma development. Methods PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library,SionMed,CNKI and WanFang databases were carefully searched to identify eligible studies. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the prognostic significance of LncRNAs expression in osteosarcoma. Moreover, meta-regression analysis and subgroup analysis were carried out to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. Results A total of 20 studies comprising 1749 patients were included in present meta-analysis. The results showed that the over-expression of LncRNA had a significant correlation with overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.16, 95% CI:1.68–2.79), and was not related to disease free survival (DFS) (HR = 0.71, 95% CI:0.05–9.53). Subgroup analysis further indicated that LncRNA transcription level was significantly associated with alkaline phosphatase (HR = 2.13, 95% CI:1.58–2.88) , tumor size (< 8/ ≥ 8:HR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.55–2.62) , metastasis (yes/no: HR = 2.14,95% CI:1.15–3.97) , distant metastasis(presence/absence: HR = 4.02, 95% CI:3.05–5.23) and Enneking stage(IIA /IIB-III:HR = 3.2, 95% CI:2.48–4.14), but not associated with age (≤ 25/ > 25:HR = 1.01, 95% CI:0.78–1.3), gender(female/male: HR = 1.15, 95% CI: 0.96–1.37), tumor site (femur,tibia/elsewhere:HR = 1.15, 95% CI:0.94–1.4) and chemotherapy (yes/no: HR = 1.45, 95% CI:0.46–4.63). Conclusions This study demonstrated that abnormal LncRNAs expression might be potential prognostic markers to predict worse overall survival in osteosarcoma patients. However, the cut-off values may be the source of heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Chen
- First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Laboratory of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Laboratory of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Orthopedics Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Hip Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Laboratory of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- First Clinical Medicine School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Laboratory of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Chi Zhou
- Laboratory of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Orthopedics Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Bin Fang
- Laboratory of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Orthopedics Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Hip Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Laboratory of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Orthopedics Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China.,Hip Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Baiyun Area, Guangzhou 510405, China
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17
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Xu L, Xia C, Sun Q, Sheng F, Xiong J, Wang S. Variants of FasL and ABCC5 are predictive of outcome after chemotherapy-based treatment in osteosarcoma. J Bone Oncol 2018; 12:44-48. [PMID: 30065912 PMCID: PMC6066469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Previous pharmacogenetics studies showed that genetic variants could be indicative of the response to chemotherapy. We aimed to investigate whether variants of FasL, MSH2, ABCC5, CASP3 and CYP3A4 are associated with the outcome after chemotherapy-based treatment in osteosarcoma. Methods 132 osteosarcoma patients who had completed the neoadjuvant chemotherapy in our center were included. 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) was assessed from the initial treatment to the earliest sign of disease progression or death from any cause. 5 SNPs were genotyped using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay, including rs763110 of FasL, rs4638843 of MSH2, rs939338 of ABCC5, rs2720376 of CASP3 and rs4646437 of CYP3A4. Patients were classified into two groups according to the 5-year PFS (event/no event). The chi-square test was used to analyze difference of genotype frequency. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors of the PFS rate. Results The overall 5-year PFS was 61.4% (81/132). Genotype TT/CT of rs763110 and genotype GG/AG of rs939338 were significantly associated with the event of 5-year PFS (p = 0.028 for rs763110; p = 0.039 for rs939338). Patients with no risk allele showed a 5-year PFS of 73.7% (42/57), which was significantly higher than a PFS of 54.2% (26/48) for patients with one risk allele and 48.1% (13/27) for patients with two different risk alleles (p = 0.03). Logistic regression analysis showed that allele T of FasL rs763110 and allele G of ABCC5 rs939338 were independent risk factors of the 5-year PFS. The ORs were 2.14 (95%CI = 1.13–3.35, p = 0.01) for rs763110 and 1.73 (95%CI = 1.05–2.52, p = 0.03) for rs939338, respectively. Conclusions The association of variants of FASL and ABCC5 with survival outcome after chemotherapy was validated in patients with osteosarcoma. Our findings may provide a new insight into a more personalized treatment for patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chao Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, China
| | - Fei Sheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jin Xiong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shoufeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing 210008, China
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18
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Trujillo-Paolillo A, Tesser-Gamba F, Petrilli AS, de Seixas Alves MT, Garcia Filho RJ, de Oliveira R, de Toledo SRC. CYP genes in osteosarcoma: Their role in tumorigenesis, pulmonary metastatic microenvironment and treatment response. Oncotarget 2018; 8:38530-38540. [PMID: 28404946 PMCID: PMC5503551 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. The present study investigated the expression of Cytochrome P-450 (CYP) genes: CYP1A2, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 by qRT-PCR in 135 specimens obtained from OS patients, including biopsy (pre-chemotherapy), tumor resected in surgery (post-chemotherapy), adjacent bone to tumor (nonmalignant tissue), pulmonary metastasis and adjacent lung to metastasis (nonmalignant tissue). Normal bone and normal lung tissues were used as control. We also investigated in five OS cell lines the modulation of CYPs expression by cisplatin, doxorubicin and methotrexate. As result, the adjacent lung specimens presented CYP1A2 overexpression compared to the normal lung (p=0.0256). Biopsy specimens presented lower CYP3A4 expression than normal bone (p=0.0314). The overexpression of both CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 in post-chemotherapy specimens were correlated with better event free-survival (p=0.0244) and good response (p=0.0484), respectively. Furthermore, in vitro assays revealed that CYP1A2 was upregulated by doxorubicin (p=0.0034); CYP3A4 was upregulated by cisplatin, doxorubicin and methotrexate (p=0.0004, p=0.0024, p<0.0001, respectively); and CYP3A5 was downregulated by doxorubicin (p=0.0285) and upregulated in time-dependent manner by methotrexate (p=0.0239). In conclusion, our findings suggest that CYP genes play an important role in OS tumorigenesis, at primary and metastatic sites, as well in treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alini Trujillo-Paolillo
- Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Oncology Institute (IOP/GRAACC), Federal University of Sao Paulo, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo SP, 04023-062, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo SP, 04037-003, Brazil
| | - Francine Tesser-Gamba
- Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Oncology Institute (IOP/GRAACC), Federal University of Sao Paulo, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Antonio Sergio Petrilli
- Pediatric Oncology Institute (IOP/GRAACC), Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | | | - Reynaldo Jesus Garcia Filho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo SP, 04038-031, Brazil
| | - Renato de Oliveira
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Vila Clementino SP, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Caminada de Toledo
- Genetics Laboratory, Pediatric Oncology Institute (IOP/GRAACC), Federal University of Sao Paulo, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo SP, 04023-062, Brazil.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo SP, 04037-003, Brazil.,Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo SP, 04023-062, Brazil
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Hattinger CM, Biason P, Iacoboni E, Gagno S, Fanelli M, Tavanti E, Vella S, Ferrari S, Roli A, Roncato R, Giodini L, Scotlandi K, Picci P, Toffoli G, Serra M. Candidate germline polymorphisms of genes belonging to the pathways of four drugs used in osteosarcoma standard chemotherapy associated with risk, survival and toxicity in non-metastatic high-grade osteosarcoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:61970-61987. [PMID: 27566557 PMCID: PMC5308704 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify associations between germline polymorphisms and risk of high-grade osteosarcoma (HGOS) development, event-free survival (EFS) and toxicity in HGOS patients treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. Germline polymorphisms of 31 genes known to be relevant for transport or metabolism of all four drugs used in HGOS chemotherapy (methotrexate, doxorubicin, cisplatin and ifosfamide) were genotyped in 196 patients with HGOS and in 470 healthy age and gender-matched controls. Of these 196 HGOS patients, a homogeneously treated group of 126 patients was considered for survival analyses (survival cohort). For 57 of these, treatment-related toxicity data were available (toxicity cohort). Eleven polymorphisms were associated with increased risk of developing HGOS (p < 0.05). The distribution of polymorphisms in patients was characterized by a higher Shannon entropy. In the survival cohort (n = 126, median follow-up = 126 months), genotypes of ABCC2_1249A/G, GGH_452T/C, TP53_IVS2+38G/C and CYP2B6*6 were associated with EFS (p < 0.05). In the toxicity cohort (n = 57), genotypes of ABCB1_1236T/C, ABCC2_1249A/G, ABCC2_3972A/G, ERCC1_8092T/G, XPD_23591A/G, XRCC3_18067T/C, MTHFR_1298A/C and GGH_16T/C were associated with elevated risk for toxicity development (p < 0.05). The results obtained in this retrospective study indicate that the aforementioned germline polymorphisms significantly impact on the risk of HGOS development, EFS and the occurrence of chemotherapy-related toxicity. These findings should be prospectively validated with the aim of optimizing and tailoring HGOS treatment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M Hattinger
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Biason
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Unity 892, University of Medicine of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Erika Iacoboni
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Gagno
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Marilù Fanelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Tavanti
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Serena Vella
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- Chemotherapy Ward of Muscoloskeletal Tumours, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Roli
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering (DISI), University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Rossana Roncato
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Luciana Giodini
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Picci
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Massimo Serra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
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20
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Ji F, Lv R, Zhao T. A correlation analysis between tumor imaging changes and p-AKT and HSP70 expression in tumor cells after osteosarcoma chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6749-6753. [PMID: 29151914 PMCID: PMC5678351 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to investigate osteosarcoma property changes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and to analyze any correlation between changes with phospho-AKT (p-AKT) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression in osteosarcoma cells. Thirty patients with osteosarcoma treated at Liaocheng People's Hospital between January and October, 2016 were given an imaging examination before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy to examine osteosarcoma tumor properties, with images scored. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine p-AKT and HSP70 expression levels, as well as tumor cell necrosis rate (TCNR), in specimens obtained before and after chemotherapy. The correlation between the imaging changes of osteosarcoma after chemotherapy and the expressions of p-AKT and HSP70 in tumor cells. Compared with pre-chemotherapy, the imaging scores of the 30 patients significantly increased after chemotherapy (P<0.05). The radiographic score of the TCNR ≥90% group was 11.3±0.5, which was significantly higher than that of the TCNR <90% group (8.7±0.3, P<0.05). p-AKT expression in osteosarcoma cells was found in 13.3% of samples (4/30 cases) after chemotherapy, which was significantly lower than prior to chemotherapy (73.3%, 22/30 cases, P<0.05). After chemotherapy, HSP70 expression in osteosarcoma cells was found in 6.7% of samples (2/30 cases), which was significantly lower than prior to chemotherapy (83.3%, 25/30 cases, P<0.05). p-AKT and HSP70 expression levels were found to be correlated with TCNR after chemotherapy (P<0.05). After chemotherapy, p-AKT and HSP70 expression levels demonstrated a positive correlation with TCNR. Tumor property changes, as uncovered by imaging, were significantly inversely correlated with tumor cell p-AKT and HSP70 expression after chemotherapy. Therefore, osteosarcoma properties, as determined through X-ray imaging, were closely related to p-AKT and HSP70 expression in osteosarcoma cells after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The effect of chemotherapy can be evaluated by observing the above examination results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ji
- Department of Radiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Ran Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liaocheng Tumor Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
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21
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Coventon J. A review of the mechanism of action and clinical applications of sorafenib in advanced osteosarcoma. J Bone Oncol 2017; 8:4-7. [PMID: 28828294 PMCID: PMC5552021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarise the contemporary literature regarding sorafenib and its effectiveness as a novel treatment in advanced osteosarcoma. BACKGROUND Modern treatment has seen the cure rate of osteosarcoma increase to 65%. However, in patients who do not achieve remission, prognosis is poor, as there are no effective, consensual second line therapies. Sorafenib has emerged as a potentially viable drug to be used in this context. METHOD A literature review was conducted evaluating articles pertaining to osteosarcoma and sorafenib. DISCUSSION Clinical studies were prioritised, but preclinical data was also evaluated to elaborate on mechanisms and potential targets for the future. Limitations of the review and data were explored. CONCLUSION In isolation, sorafenib was shown to only provide brief clinical benefit due to various described mechanisms. However, when combined with other drugs that addressed its weaknesses or other aspects of the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma, it proved to be effective in reducing disease progression in a variety of advanced cases. Further investigation into the use of sorafenib in combination therapy is needed. Specifically, the combination of sorafenib with denosumab has displayed potential to be an effective future treatment for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Coventon
- James Cook University, College of Medicine and Dentistry, 1 James Cook Drive, Douglas, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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22
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Hattinger CM, Vella S, Tavanti E, Fanelli M, Picci P, Serra M. Pharmacogenomics of second-line drugs used for treatment of unresponsive or relapsed osteosarcoma patients. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:2097-2114. [PMID: 27883291 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Second-line treatment of high-grade osteosarcoma (HGOS) patients is based on different approaches and chemotherapy protocols, which are not yet standardized. Although several drugs have been used in HGOS second-line protocols, none of them has provided fully satisfactory results and the role of rescue chemotherapy is not well defined yet. This article focuses on the drugs that have most frequently been used for second-line treatment of HGOS, highlighting the present knowledge on their mechanisms of action and resistance and on gene polymorphisms with possible impact on treatment sensitivity or toxicity. In the near future, validation of the so far identified candidate genetic biomarkers may constitute the basis for tailoring treatment by taking the patients' genetic background into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M Hattinger
- Pharmacogenomics & Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Serena Vella
- Pharmacogenomics & Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Tavanti
- Pharmacogenomics & Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marilù Fanelli
- Pharmacogenomics & Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Picci
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Serra
- Pharmacogenomics & Pharmacogenetics Research Unit of the Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone in children and young adults. This tumor has a very heterogeneous genetic profile and lacks any consistent unifying event that leads to the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. In this review, some of the important genetic events involved in osteosarcoma will be highlighted. Additionally, the clinical diagnosis of osteosarcoma will be discussed, as well as contemporary chemotherapeutic and surgical management of this tumor. Finally, the review will discuss some of the novel approaches to treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Durfee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maryam Mohammed
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hue H Luu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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24
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Magdy T, Burmeister BT, Burridge PW. Validating the pharmacogenomics of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: What is missing? Pharmacol Ther 2016; 168:113-125. [PMID: 27609196 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The cardiotoxicity of certain chemotherapeutic agents is now well-established, and has led to the development of the field of cardio-oncology, increased cardiac screening of cancer patients, and limitation of patients' maximum cumulative chemotherapeutic dose. The effect of chemotherapeutic regimes on the heart largely involves cardiomyocyte death, leading to cardiomyopathy and heart failure, or the induction of arrhythmias. Of these cardiotoxic drugs, those resulting in clinical cardiotoxicity can range from 8 to 26% for doxorubicin, 7-28% for trastuzumab, or 5-30% for paclitaxel. For tyrosine kinase inhibitors, QT prolongation and arrhythmia, ischemia and hypertension have been reported in 2-35% of patients. Furthermore, newly introduced chemotherapeutic agents are commonly used as part of changed combinational regimens with significantly increased incidence of cardiotoxicity. It is widely believed that the mechanism of action of these drugs is often independent of their cardiotoxicity, and the basis for why these drugs specifically affect the heart has yet to be established. The genetic rationale for why certain patients experience cardiotoxicity whilst other patients can tolerate high chemotherapy doses has proven highly illusive. This has led to significant genomic efforts using targeted and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to divine the pharmacogenomic cause of this predilection. With the advent of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), the putative risk and protective role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can now be validated in a human model. Here we review the state of the art knowledge of the genetic predilection to chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and discuss the future for establishing and validating the role of the genome in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Magdy
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Brian T Burmeister
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Paul W Burridge
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA; Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA.
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25
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Wang M, Wang Z, Wang XJ, Jin TB, Dai ZM, Kang HF, Guan HT, Ma XB, Liu XH, Dai ZJ. Distinct role of the Fas rs1800682 and FasL rs763110 polymorphisms in determining the risk of breast cancer among Han Chinese females. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:2359-67. [PMID: 27524883 PMCID: PMC4966568 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s111084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background In recent years, studies have demonstrated that polymorphisms in the promoters of Fas and FasL are significantly associated with breast cancer risk. However, the results of these studies were inconsistent. This case–control study was performed to explore the associations between Fas rs1800682 and FasL rs763110 polymorphisms and breast cancer. Materials and methods A hospital-based case–control study of 560 Han Chinese females with breast cancer (583 controls) was conducted. The MassARRAY system was used to search for a possible association between the disease risk and the two single nucleotide polymorphisms, Fas rs1800682 and FasL rs763110. Statistical analyses were performed using SNPStats software to conduct Pearson’s chi-square tests in five different genetic models. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated after adjustment to age and body mass index. PHASE v2.1 software was used to reconstruct all common haplotypes. Results A statistically significant association was found between Fas rs1800682 and increased breast cancer risk (AG vs AA: OR =1.37, 95% CI =1.06–1.78; AA+AG vs GG: OR =1.32, 95% CI =1.04–1.66), and also it was found that the FasL rs763110 polymorphism may decrease the risk. Stratified analyses demonstrated that the rs763110 polymorphism was associated with lower breast cancer risk among postmenopausal females (heterozygote model: OR =0.69, 95% CI =0.49–0.97; dominant model: OR =0.70, 95% CI =0.51–0.96). The T allele of rs763110 was also associated with a decreased risk of lymph node metastasis (allele model: OR =0.75, 95% CI =0.57–0.97) and an increased risk of the breast cancer being human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (allele model: OR =1.37, 95% CI =1.03–1.18). Moreover, haplotype analysis showed that Ars1800682Trs763110 was associated to a statistically significant degree with lower risk of breast cancer (OR =0.70, 95% CI =0.53–0.91). Conclusion These data suggest that the presence of Fas rs1800683 is an important risk factor for breast cancer, whereas FasL rs763110 may exert a protective effect against the onset of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xi'an Central Hospital
| | - Xi-Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Tian-Bo Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University
| | - Zhi-Ming Dai
- Department of Anesthesia, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Feng Kang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Hai-Tao Guan
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Xiao-Bin Ma
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Xing-Han Liu
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Zhi-Jun Dai
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
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26
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Vos HI, Coenen MJH, Guchelaar HJ, Te Loo DMWM. The role of pharmacogenetics in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1775-1786. [PMID: 27352631 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In osteosarcoma, large variation is observed in the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs among similarly treated patients. Treatment optimization using predictive factors or algorithms is of importance, because there has been a lack of improvement of treatment outcome and survival for decades. The outcome of cancer treatment is influenced by the genome, thus studying genetic variants involved in the efficacy and toxicity of the chemotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of osteosarcoma could be an opportunity to optimize current treatments and improve our understanding of the individual's drug response in osteosarcoma patients. This review discusses the current insights in the pharmacogenetics of the treatment response of osteosarcoma patients regarding efficacy and toxicity, and implications for future research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanneke I Vos
- Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Dept of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke J H Coenen
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Dept of Human Genetics, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Guchelaar
- Dept of Clinical Pharmacy & Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Dunja Maroeska W M Te Loo
- Dept of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dept of Pediatrics, Radboud university medical center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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27
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Serra M, Hattinger CM. The pharmacogenomics of osteosarcoma. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2016; 17:11-20. [PMID: 27241064 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2016.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), the most common malignant tumor of bone, is presently treated with multidrug neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols, which allow to cure 60-65% of patients but also induce toxicity events that cannot be predicted or efficiently prevented. The identification and validation of pharmacogenomic biomarkers is, therefore, absolutely warranted to provide the bases for planning personalized treatments with the aim to increase the therapeutic benefits and to avoid or limit unnecessary toxicities. As several targeted therapies against molecular and immunological markers in OS are presently under clinical investigation, it may be speculated that some new agents for innovative treatments may emerge in the next years. However, the real improvement of therapeutic perspectives for OS is strictly connected to the identification of pharmacogenomic biomarkers that may stratify patients in responders or non-responders and identify those individuals with higher susceptibility to treatment-associated toxicity. This review provides an overview of the pharmacogenomic biomarkers identified so far in OS, which appear to be promising candidates for a translation to clinical practice, after further investigation and/or prospective validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Serra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - C M Hattinger
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
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28
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the early seventies chemotherapy significantly improved survival in osteosarcoma. Since then minor innovations have occurred although recent years have offered insights of clinical and scientific relevance. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the most recent results of phase 3 and 2 studies. Published data or presentations at International meetings are discussed. A specific section discusses recent insights from studies supporting the hypothesis of a possible personalized chemotherapy approach. EXPERT OPINION Osteosarcoma is a rare tumor and any effort should be made to improve the level of International collaboration. The MAP (methotrexate, doxorubicin and cisplatin) regimen has become the treatment of choice. Poor pathological response to primary chemotherapy is confirmed as a predictive factor of survival and, presently with the available drugs, it is not recommended to intensify or change post-operative treatment on the basis of pathological response to primary chemotherapy. The genomic complexity and the heterogeneity of osteosarcoma makes active and effective molecularly targeted therapies unlikely to be available in the near future. A relation between pharmacogenetic profile and chemotherapy toxicity and prognosis has been reported. The new frontier for clinical research in osteosarcoma is to optimize the use of the active drugs available by personalizing chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ferrari
- a Musculoskeletal Oncology Department , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Via Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136 , Italy
| | - Massimo Serra
- b Laboratory of Experimental Oncology , Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute , Via Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136 , Italy
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