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Patel PM, Connolly MR, Coe TM, Calhoun A, Pollok F, Markmann JF, Burdorf L, Azimzadeh A, Madsen JC, Pierson RN. Minimizing Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Xenotransplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:681504. [PMID: 34566955 PMCID: PMC8458821 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.681504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent dramatic advances in preventing "initial xenograft dysfunction" in pig-to-non-human primate heart transplantation achieved by minimizing ischemia suggests that ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) plays an important role in cardiac xenotransplantation. Here we review the molecular, cellular, and immune mechanisms that characterize IRI and associated "primary graft dysfunction" in allotransplantation and consider how they correspond with "xeno-associated" injury mechanisms. Based on this analysis, we describe potential genetic modifications as well as novel technical strategies that may minimize IRI for heart and other organ xenografts and which could facilitate safe and effective clinical xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth M. Patel
- Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Margaret R. Connolly
- Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Taylor M. Coe
- Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anthony Calhoun
- Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Franziska Pollok
- Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - James F. Markmann
- Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lars Burdorf
- Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Agnes Azimzadeh
- Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joren C. Madsen
- Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Richard N. Pierson
- Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Est-Witte SE, Livingston NK, Omotoso MO, Green JJ, Schneck JP. Nanoparticles for generating antigen-specific T cells for immunotherapy. Semin Immunol 2021; 56:101541. [PMID: 34922816 PMCID: PMC8900015 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
T cell therapy shows promise as an immunotherapy in both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive applications. However, the forms of T cell-based therapy that are currently in the clinic, such as adoptive cell transfer and vaccines, are limited by cost, time-to-treatment, and patient variability. Nanoparticles offer a modular, universal platform to improve the efficacy of various T cell therapies as nanoparticle properties can be easily modified for enhanced cell targeting, organ targeting, and cell internalization. Nanoparticles can enhance or even replace endogenous cells during each step of generating an antigen-specific T cell response - from antigen presentation and T cell activation to T cell maintenance. In this review, we discuss the unique applications of nanoparticles for antigen-specific T cell therapy, focusing on nanoparticles as vaccines (to activate endogenous antigen presenting cells (APCs)), as artificial Antigen Presenting Cells (aAPCs, to directly activate T cells), and as drug delivery vehicles (to support activated T cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah E Est-Witte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, USA, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Natalie K Livingston
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, USA, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mary O Omotoso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jordan J Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, USA, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Departments of Ophthalmology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, and The Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
| | - Jonathan P Schneck
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Gheibihayat SM, Jaafari MR, Hatamipour M, Sahebkar A. Improvement of the pharmacokinetic characteristics of liposomal doxorubicin using CD47 biomimickry. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:169-177. [PMID: 33793801 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In view of their biodegradability, biocompatibility, encapsulation efficiency and targeted release, as well as low toxicity, liposomes are being widely used in the context of drug delivery. However, the efficiency of such drug delivery systems might face limitations by macrophage-mediated clearance (CL), which reduces circulation half-life (T½). This problem can be resolved through surface functionalization via poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) in the process of PEGylation. However, the use of PEG might have its own disadvantages. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to produce novel stealth nanoliposomes using CD47 mimicry peptide [namely self-peptide (SP)] as an alternative to PEG for minimizing macrophage-mediated CL and enhancing circulation T½. METHODS At first, doxorubicin (Dox)-containing liposomes [i.e.liposomal Dox (LD)] were coated with different concentrations of SP (viz. SP-LD) (0.5%, 1% and 2%). In addition, PEG-functionalized LD (i.e. PLD) was fabricated as a standard control group. Then, various types of liposomal formulae were injected into a population of mice, assigned to six groups (four mice per group) for biodistribution. After sacrificing these animals in prespecified time points (namely 0.5, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 168 h), serum, liver, spleen, heart, kidney and lung samples were collected to estimate the encapsulated drug content in different groups through measuring intrinsic autofluorescence signal of Dox. KEY FINDINGS The tissue distribution results in the liver, spleen, heart, kidney and lung samples indicated a significant difference between the SP-LD and the PLD groups. Furthermore, the examination of Dox content, 6 h after administration, showed a growth rate of 28% in Dox content in the SP group compared with the PLD one. Subsequently, these values were, respectively, 63% and 75% at 24 and 48 h. CONCLUSIONS The results of tissue distribution and serum kinetic analysis correspondingly revealed that the use of the SP could augment the circulation time of Dox in comparison with PEG, and it could additionally minimize the tissue accumulation of the drug, which is normally the cause of drug-induced toxicity. The use of the SP on nanoliposomes could prolong the circulation of T½ and diminish the tissue accumulation of LD. These findings are relevant for improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing the toxicity of liposomal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmoud R Jaafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hatamipour
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
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4
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Hayat SMG, Jaafari MR, Hatamipour M, Penson PE, Sahebkar A. Liposome Circulation Time is Prolonged by CD47 Coating. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 27:1029-1037. [PMID: 32282292 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200413100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bio-degradable nano-particles have many applications as drug delivery vehicles because of their good bio-availability, controlled release, low toxicity and potential for encapsulation. However, the most important obstacle to nanoparticulate drug delivery is elimination by macrophages which reduces the residence time of nanoparticles in the blood. To overcome this problem, the surface of the nanoparticle can be passivated by coating with Polyethylene glycol (PEG). However, the use of PEG has its own disadvantages. CD47 receptor acts as a self marker on the surface of many cells and inhibits phagocytosis. This study used a CD47 mimicry peptide as a substitute for PEG to fabricate "stealth" nanoliposome with reduced macrophage clearance. METHODS Doxorubibin was used as a model drug because of its inherent fluorescence. Doxorubicin- containing liposomes were coated with different percentages of CD47 mimicry peptide (0.5% and 1%). PEG-functionalized doxorubicin-containing liposomes, were used as a comparator. The liposomal formulations were intravenously injected into mice. Serum was collected at pre-defined time points and tissue samples were taken at 24 hours. Fluorescence was used to determine the concentration doxorubicin in serum, heart, spleen, kidney, liver and lung tissues. RESULTS Tissue biodistribution and serum kinetic studies indicated that compared with PEG, the use of CD47 mimicry peptide increased the circulation time of doxorubicin in the circulation. Moreover, unwanted accumulation of doxorubicin in the reticuloendothelial tissues (liver and spleen), kidney and heart was significantly decreased by the CD47 mimicry peptide. CONCLUSION The use of a CD47 mimicry peptide on the surface of nanoliposomes improved the residence time of liposomal doxorubicin in the circulation. The accumulation of drug in non-target tissues was reduced, thereby potentially reducing toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Gheibi Hayat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud R Jaafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,
Mashhad, Iran,Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hatamipour
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Peter E Penson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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5
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Gheibi Hayat SM, Jaafari MR, Hatamipour M, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Harnessing CD47 mimicry to inhibit phagocytic clearance and enhance anti-tumor efficacy of nanoliposomal doxorubicin. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:1049-1058. [PMID: 32434390 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1772749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized if phagocytosis of liposomes by macrophages could be mitigated through incorporation of a CD47 mimicry peptide (Self peptide: SP) on the surface of liposomes. METHODS Thin film hydration method followed by extrusion was used to prepare nanoliposomes, and Dox encapsulation in liposomes was done via remote-loading method. Decorated liposomes with SP peptide (SP-LD) at different peptide densities (300 and 600 peptides on the surface of each liposome) were prepared using a pre-insertion technique. Macrophage cell lines were used to compare the cellular uptake of decorated and unmodified liposomes. For biodistribution studies, tumor-bearing mice received the preparations, and fluorescence signals of Dox in different tissues were measured. To evaluate anti-tumor efficacy, tumor size and survival rates were assessed. Also, pharmacokinetic parameters were determined. RESULTS Compared with PEGylated liposomes, uptake by macrophages was largely decreased when SP was incorporated on liposomes. Following intravenous injection, SP-liposomes were cleared more slowly compared with PEGylated liposomes. Eventually, SP-liposomes were highly distributed to tumor tissues compared with PEGylated liposomes, and significantly reduced tumor size and improved the survival of tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS This research showed reduced macrophage uptake, increased blood circulation, and enhanced tumor accumulation of liposomes through SP incorporation on the surface of particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Gheibi Hayat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud R Jaafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hatamipour
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch , Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA , Tehran, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
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6
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Huang Y, Lv S, Liu P, Ye Z, Yang H, Li L, Zhu H, Wang Y, Cui L, Jiang D, Hao F, Xu H, Jin H, Qian Q. A SIRPα-Fc fusion protein enhances the antitumor effect of oncolytic adenovirus against ovarian cancer. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:657-668. [PMID: 31899582 PMCID: PMC7053234 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses armed with therapeutic transgenes of interest show great potential in cancer immunotherapy. Here, a novel oncolytic adenovirus carrying a signal regulatory protein-α (SIRPα)-IgG1 Fc fusion gene (termed SG635-SF) was constructed, which could block the CD47 'don't eat me' signal of cancer cells. A strong promoter sequence (CCAU) was chosen to control the expression of the SF fusion protein, and a 5/35 chimeric fiber was utilized to enhance the efficiency of infection. As a result, SG635-SF was found to specifically proliferate in hTERT-positive cancer cells and largely increased the abundance of the SF gene. The SF fusion protein was effectively detected, and CD47 was successfully blocked in SK-OV3 and HO8910 ovarian cancer cells expressing high levels of CD47. Although the ability to induce cell cycle arrest and cell death was comparable to that of the control empty SG635 oncolytic adenovirus in vitro, the antitumor effect of SG635-SF was significantly superior to that of SG635 in vivo. Furthermore, CD47 was largely blocked and macrophage infiltration distinctly increased in xenograft tissues of SK-OV3 cells but not in those of CD47-negative HepG2 cells, indicating that the enhanced antitumor effect of SG635-SF was CD47-dependent. Collectively, these findings highlight a potent antitumor effect of SG635-SF in the treatment of CD47-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Huang
- Department of Biliary TractShanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalChina
| | - Sai‐qun Lv
- Laboratory of Viral and Gene TherapyShanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalChina
- Shanghai Cell Therapy Engineering Research CenterChina
| | - Pin‐yi Liu
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology College of Life ScienceZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zhen‐long Ye
- Laboratory of Viral and Gene TherapyShanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalChina
- Shanghai Cell Therapy Engineering Research CenterChina
| | - Huan Yang
- Shanghai Cell Therapy Engineering Research CenterChina
| | - Lin‐fang Li
- Laboratory of Viral and Gene TherapyShanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalChina
- Shanghai Cell Therapy Engineering Research CenterChina
| | - Hai‐li Zhu
- Laboratory of Viral and Gene TherapyShanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalChina
| | - Ying Wang
- Laboratory of Viral and Gene TherapyShanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalChina
| | - Lian‐zhen Cui
- Shanghai Cell Therapy Engineering Research CenterChina
| | - Du‐qing Jiang
- Shanghai Cell Therapy Engineering Research CenterChina
| | - Fang‐yuan Hao
- Shanghai Cell Therapy Engineering Research CenterChina
| | - Hui‐min Xu
- Shanghai Cell Therapy Engineering Research CenterChina
| | - Hua‐jun Jin
- Laboratory of Viral and Gene TherapyShanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalChina
- Shanghai Cell Therapy Engineering Research CenterChina
| | - Qi‐jun Qian
- Laboratory of Viral and Gene TherapyShanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalChina
- Shanghai Cell Therapy Engineering Research CenterChina
- Xinyuan Institute of Medicine and Biotechnology College of Life ScienceZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
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Stealth functionalization of biomaterials and nanoparticles by CD47 mimicry. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118628. [PMID: 31421198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric biomaterials and nanoparticles (NPs) have shown a potential to be widely used for medical purposes. Functional limits of their biocompatibility depend on cellular and molecular responses between host and their artificial surfaces. Accordingly, medical devices of polymer biomaterials like endovascular stents, cardiopulmonary bypass circuits, and prostheses, may trigger inflammation or can be rejected by host due to the induction of immune responses. Furthermore, the main restriction to the use of NPs for medical purposes is their short in vivo circulation time because of their rapid clearance via the reticuloendothelial system. Various methods are under investigation to produce bioinert biomaterials and NPs. Currently, PEGylation and camouflaging are the most common approaches to enhance their biocompatibility. However, the disadvantages and limitations of these methods are leading to research new strategies. The CD47 molecule is well known as a widely expressed cellular surface receptor activating the transudction of the ''don't-eat-me'' signal. This review elaborates on the role of CD47 in the immune system and the application of CD47 mimicry peptides to produce bioinert biomaterials and NPs.
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Zhang L, Song S, Jin X, Wan X, Shahzad KA, Pei W, Zhao C, Shen C. An Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cell Delivering 11 Immune Molecules Expands Tumor Antigen–Specific CTLs in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Murine Melanoma Models. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:1188-1201. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Song S, Jin X, Zhang L, Zhao C, Ding Y, Ang Q, Khaidav O, Shen C. PEGylated and CD47-conjugated nanoellipsoidal artificial antigen-presenting cells minimize phagocytosis and augment anti-tumor T-cell responses. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2465-2483. [PMID: 31040669 PMCID: PMC6459144 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s195828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are powerful tools to expand antigen-specific T cells ex vivo and in vivo for tumor immunotherapy, but suffer from time-consuming generation and biosafety concerns raised by live cells. Alternatively, the cell-free artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) have been rapidly developed. Nanoscale aAPCs are recently proposed owing to their superior biodistribution and reduced embolism than conventional cell-sized aAPCs, but pose the challenges: easier cellular uptake and smaller contact surface area with T cells than the cell-sized counterparts. This study aimed to fabricate a new “stealth” nano-aAPCs with microscale contact surface area to minimize cellular uptake and activate antigen-specific T cells by combination uses of ellipsoidal stretch, PEGylation, and self-marker CD47-Fc conjugation. Methods The spherical polylactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles were fabricated using a double-emulsion method, and then stretched twofold using film-stretching procedure followed by PEGylation and co-coupling with CD47-Fc, H-2Kb/TRP2180-188-Ig dimers, and anti-CD28. The resulting PEGylated and CD47-conjugated nanoellipsoidal aAPCs (EaAPCPEG/CD47) were co-cultured with macrophages or spleen lymphocytes and also infused into melanoma-bearing mice. The in vitro and in vivo effects were evaluated and compared with the nanospherical aAPCs (SaAPC), nanoellipsoidal aAPCs (EaAPC), or PEGylated nanoellipsoidal aAPC (EaAPCPEG). Results EaAPCPEG/CD47 markedly reduced cellular uptake in vitro and in vivo, as compared with EaAPCPEG, EaAPC, SaAPC, and Blank-NPs and expanded naïve TRP2180-188-specific CD8+ T cells in the co-cultures with spleen lymphocytes. After three infusions, the EaAPCPEG/CD47 showed much stronger effects on facilitating TRP2180-188-specific CD8+ T-cell proliferation, local infiltration, and tumor necrosis in the melanoma-bearing mice and on inhibiting tumor growth than the control aAPCs. Conclusion The superimposed or synergistic effects of ellipsoidal stretch, PEGylation, and CD47-Fc conjugation minimized cellular uptake of nano-aAPCs and enhanced their functionality to expand antigen-specific T cells and inhibit tumor growth, thus suggesting a more valuable strategy to design “stealth” nanoscale aAPCs suitable for tumor active immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xiaoxiao Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China,
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China,
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qianqian Ang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China,
| | - Odontuya Khaidav
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China,
| | - Chuanlai Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China,
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A new approach for analyzing an adhesive bacterial protein in the mouse gastrointestinal tract using optical tissue clearing. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4731. [PMID: 30894579 PMCID: PMC6426832 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several bacterial moonlighting proteins act as adhesion factors, which are important for bacterial colonization of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However, little is known about the adherence properties of moonlighting proteins in the GI tract. Here, we describe a new approach for visualizing the localization of moonlighting protein-coated fluorescent microbeads in the whole GI tract by using a tissue optical clearing method, using elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) as an example. As a bacterial cell surface-localized protein mimic, recombinant EF-Tu from Lactobacillus reuteri was immobilized on microbeads. EF-Tu-coating promoted the interaction of the microbeads with a Caco-2 cell monolayer. Next, the microbeads were orally administered to mice. GI whole tissues were cleared in aqueous fructose solutions of increasing concentrations. At 1 h after administration, the microbeads were diffused from the stomach up to the cecum, and after 3 h, they were diffused throughout the intestinal tract. In the lower digestive tract, EF-Tu-beads were significantly more abundant than non-coated control beads, suggesting that EF-Tu plays an important role in the persistence of the microbeads in the GI tract. The new approach will help in evaluating how moonlighting proteins mediate bacterial colonization.
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11
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Ben-Akiva E, Est Witte S, Meyer RA, Rhodes KR, Green JJ. Polymeric micro- and nanoparticles for immune modulation. Biomater Sci 2018; 7:14-30. [PMID: 30418444 PMCID: PMC6664797 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01285g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New advances in biomaterial-based approaches to modulate the immune system are being applied to treat cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmunity. Particulate systems are especially well-suited to deliver immunomodulatory factors to immune cells since their small size allows them to engage cell surface receptors or deliver cargo intracellularly after internalization. Biodegradable polymeric particles are a particularly versatile platform for the delivery of signals to the immune system because they can be easily surface-modified to target specific receptors and engineered to release encapsulated cargo in a precise, sustained manner. Micro- and nanoscale systems have been used to deliver a variety of therapeutic agents including monoclonal antibodies, peptides, and small molecule drugs that function to activate the immune system against cancer or infectious disease, or suppress the immune system to combat autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the development of polymeric micro- and nanoparticulate systems for the presentation and delivery of immunomodulatory agents targeted to a variety of immune cell types including APCs, T cells, B cells, and NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elana Ben-Akiva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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12
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Hickey JW, Kosmides AK, Schneck JP. Engineering Platforms for T Cell Modulation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 341:277-362. [PMID: 30262034 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
T cells are crucial contributors to mounting an effective immune response and increasingly the focus of therapeutic interventions in cancer, infectious disease, and autoimmunity. Translation of current T cell immunotherapies has been hindered by off-target toxicities, limited efficacy, biological variability, and high costs. As T cell therapeutics continue to develop, the application of engineering concepts to control their delivery and presentation will be critical for their success. Here, we outline the engineer's toolbox and contextualize it with the biology of T cells. We focus on the design principles of T cell modulation platforms regarding size, shape, material, and ligand choice. Furthermore, we review how application of these design principles has already impacted T cell immunotherapies and our understanding of T cell biology. Recent, salient examples from protein engineering, synthetic particles, cellular and genetic engineering, and scaffolds and surfaces are provided to reinforce the importance of design considerations. Our aim is to provide a guide for immunologists, engineers, clinicians, and the pharmaceutical sector for the design of T cell-targeting platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Hickey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Institute for NanoBiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alyssa K Kosmides
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Institute for NanoBiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jonathan P Schneck
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Pei W, Wan X, Shahzad KA, Zhang L, Song S, Jin X, Wang L, Zhao C, Shen C. Direct modulation of myelin-autoreactive CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in EAE mice by a tolerogenic nanoparticle co-carrying myelin peptide-loaded major histocompatibility complexes, CD47 and multiple regulatory molecules. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:3731-3750. [PMID: 29983566 PMCID: PMC6027825 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s164500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Numerous nanomaterials have been reported in the treatment of multiple sclerosis or experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). But most of these nanoscale therapeutics deliver myelin antigens together with toxins or cytokines and underlay the cellular uptake and induction of tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells by which they indirectly induce T cell tolerance. This study focuses on the on-target and direct modulation of myelin-autoreactive T cells and combined use of multiple regulatory molecules by generating a tolerogenic nanoparticle. Materials and methods Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA-NPs) were fabricated by co-coupling MOG40–54/H-2Db-Ig dimer, MOG35–55/I-Ab multimer, anti-Fas, PD-L1-Fc and CD47-Fc and encapsulating transforming growth factor-β1. The resulting 217 nm tolerogenic nanoparticles (tNPs) were administered intravenously into MOG35–55 peptide-induced EAE mice, which was followed by the investigation of therapeutic outcomes and the in vivo mechanism. Results Four infusions of the tNPs durably ameliorated EAE with a marked reduction of clinical score, neuroinflammation and demyelination. They were distributed in secondary lymphoid tissues, various organs and brain after intravenous injection, with retention over 36 h, and made contacts with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Two injections of the tNPs markedly decreased the MOG35–55-reactive Th1 and Th17 cells and MOG40–55-reactive Tc1 and Tc17 cells, increased regulatory T cells, inhibited T cell proliferation and elevated T cell apoptosis in spleen. Transforming growth factor-β1 and interleukin-10 were upregulated in the homogenates of central nervous system and supernatant of spleen cells. Conclusion Our data suggest a novel therapeutic nanoparticle to directly modulate autoreactive T cells by surface presentation of multiple ligands and paracrine release of cytokine in the antigen-specific combination immunotherapy for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiya Pei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China,
| | - Xin Wan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China,
| | - Khawar Ali Shahzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China,
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China,
| | - Shilong Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China,
| | - Xiaoxiao Jin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China,
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China,
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China,
| | - Chuanlai Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China,
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Gosselin EA, Eppler HB, Bromberg JS, Jewell CM. Designing natural and synthetic immune tissues. NATURE MATERIALS 2018; 17:484-498. [PMID: 29784994 PMCID: PMC6283404 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines and immunotherapies have provided enormous improvements for public health, but there are fundamental disconnects between where most studies are performed-in cell culture and animal models-and the ultimate application in humans. Engineering immune tissues and organs, such as bone marrow, thymus, lymph nodes and spleen, could be instrumental in overcoming these hurdles. Fundamentally, designed immune tissues could serve as in vitro tools to more accurately study human immune function and disease, while immune tissues engineered for implantation as next-generation vaccines or immunotherapies could enable direct, on-demand control over generation and regulation of immune function. In this Review, we discuss recent interdisciplinary strategies that are merging materials science and immunology to create engineered immune tissues in vitro and in vivo. We also highlight the hurdles facing these approaches and the need for comparison to existing clinical options, relevant animal models, and other emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Gosselin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Haleigh B Eppler
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Biological Sciences Training Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher M Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, Biological Sciences Training Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, College Park, MD, USA.
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Maryland VA Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Schütz C, Varela JC, Perica K, Haupt C, Oelke M, Schneck JP. Antigen-specific T cell Redirectors: a nanoparticle based approach for redirecting T cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:68503-68512. [PMID: 27602488 PMCID: PMC5356569 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Redirection of T cells to target and destroy tumors has become an important clinical tool and major area of research in tumor immunology. Here we present a novel, nanoparticle-based approach to selectively bind antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and redirect them to kill tumors, termed ATR (Antigen-specific T cell Redirectors). ATR were generated by decorating nanoparticles with both an antigen-specific T cell binding moiety, either peptide loaded MHC-Ig dimer or clonotypic anti-TCR antibody, and a model tumor cell binding moiety, anti-CD19 antibody to engage CD19+ tumor cells. ATR stably bind tumor cells and CTL in a dose dependent fashion and stimulate antigen-specific conjugate formation between those cells. ATR induced redirected lysis of tumor cells in vitro, as demonstrated by 51Cr-release killing. In vivo ATR administration led to reduced tumor growth in a SCID/beige human lymphoma treatment model. In summary, ATR represent a novel, nanoparticle based approach for redirecting antigen-specific CTL to kill tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schütz
- Institute of Cell Engineering and Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Current address: Division of Immunology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Juan Carlos Varela
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Karlo Perica
- Institute of Cell Engineering and Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Carl Haupt
- Institute of Cell Engineering and Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mathias Oelke
- Institute of Cell Engineering and Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,NexImmune Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan P Schneck
- Institute of Cell Engineering and Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Xie YQ, Wei L, Tang L. Immunoengineering with biomaterials for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 10:e1506. [PMID: 29333729 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has recently shown dramatic clinical success inducing durable response in patients of a wide variety of malignancies. Further improvement of the clinical outcome with immune related cancer treatment requests more exquisite manipulation of a patient's immune system with increased immunity against diseases while mitigating the toxicities. To meet this challenge, biomaterials applied to immunoengineering are being developed to achieve tissue- and/or cell-specific immunomodulation and thus could potentially enhance both the efficacy and safety of current cancer immunotherapies. Here, we review the recent advancement in the field of immunoengineering using biomaterials and their applications in promoting different modalities of cancer immunotherapies, with focus on cell-, antibody-, immunomodulator-, and gene-based immune related treatments and their combinations with conventional therapies. Challenges and opportunities are discussed in applying biomaterials engineering strategies in the development of future cancer immunotherapies. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Xie
- Institute of Bioengineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lixia Wei
- Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Li Tang
- Institute of Bioengineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Zhang L, Wang L, Shahzad KA, Xu T, Wan X, Pei W, Shen C. Paracrine release of IL-2 and anti-CTLA-4 enhances the ability of artificial polymer antigen-presenting cells to expand antigen-specific T cells and inhibit tumor growth in a mouse model. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:1229-1241. [PMID: 28501941 PMCID: PMC11028408 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-2016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that bead-based artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) are a powerful tool to induce antigen-specific T cell responses in vitro and in vivo. To date, most conventional aAPCs have been generated by coupling an antigen signal (signal 1) and one or two costimulatory signals, such as anti-CD28 with anti-LFA1 or anti-4-1BB (signal 2), onto the surfaces of cell-sized or nanoscale magnetic beads or polyester latex beads. The development of a biodegradable scaffold and the combined use of multiple costimulatory signals as well as third signals for putative clinical applications is the next step in the development of this technology. Here, a novel biodegradable aAPC platform for active immunotherapy was developed by co-encapsulating IL-2 and anti-CTLA-4 inside cell-sized polylactic-co-glycolic acid microparticles (PLGA-MPs) while co-coupling an H-2Kb/TRP2-Ig dimer and anti-CD28 onto the surface. Cytokines (activating signal) and antibodies (anti-inhibition signal) were efficiently co-encapsulated in PLGA-MP-based aAPCs and co-released without interfering with each other. The targeted, sustained co-release of IL-2 and anti-CTLA-4 achieved markedly enhanced, synergistic effects in activating and expanding tumor antigen-specific T cells both in vitro and in vivo, as well as in inhibiting tumor growth in a mouse melanoma model, as compared with conventional two-signal aAPCs and IL-2 or anti-CTLA-4 single-released aAPCs. These data revealed the feasibility and importance of the paracrine release of multiple costimulatory molecules and cytokines from biodegradable aAPCs and thus provide a proof of principle for the future use of polymeric aAPCs for active immunotherapy of tumors and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Khawar Ali Shahzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiya Pei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanlai Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Awa H, Futamura A, Higashiguchi T, Ito A, Mori N, Murai M, Ohara H, Chihara T, Kaneko T. Effects of Combined Treatment with Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Citric Acid, L-Carnitine, Coenzyme Q10, Zinc, and Various Vitamins in Tumor-Bearing Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:266-271. [PMID: 28123134 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A functional dietary supplement (FDS) containing Coenzyme Q10, branched-chain amino acids and L-carnitine was administered to tumor-bearing mice, investigating its effects on tumor and muscle tissues. Experiment (A): B16 melanoma cells were implanted subcutaneously into the right side of the abdomen of 8- to 9-week-old C57BL/6J mice. The mice were divided into two groups: a FDS group that received oral administration of FDS (n=10), and a control group that received oral administration of glucose (n=10). The moribund condition was used as the endpoint, and median survival time was determined. Experiment (B): On day 21 after tumor implantation, tumors, soleus muscle, gastrocnemius muscle, and suprahyoid muscles were collected. Tumor and muscle weight and other aspects were evaluated in each group: FDS group (n=15) and control group (n=15). The median survival time was comparable (21 d in the FDS group vs. 18 d in the control group, p=0.30). However, cumulative food intake was significantly higher in the FDS group than the control group (p=0.011). Metastasis of melanoma to the lung was observed in the control group but not in the FDS group (p=0.043). The weight of the suprahyoid muscles was significantly higher in the FDS group than in the control group (p=0.0045). The weight of the tumor was significantly lower in the FDS group than in the control group (p=0.013). The results possibly suggest oral administration of FDS in tumor-bearing mice enhances the maintenance of suprahyoid muscles, resulting in an extended feeding period and suppression of tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Awa
- Department of Surgery and Palliative Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University
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Tengood JE, Levy RJ, Stachelek SJ. The use of CD47-modified biomaterials to mitigate the immune response. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:1033-41. [PMID: 27190273 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216647130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Addressing the aberrant interactions between immune cells and biomaterials represents an unmet need in biomaterial research. Although progress has been made in the development of bioinert coatings, identifying and targeting relevant cellular and molecular pathways can provide additional therapeutic strategies to address this major healthcare concern. To that end, we describe the immune inhibitory motif, receptor-ligand pairing of signal regulatory protein alpha and its cognate ligand CD47 as a potential signaling pathway to enhance biocompatibility. The goals of this article are to detail the known roles of CD47-signal regulatory protein alpha signal transduction pathway and to describe how immobilized CD47 can be used to mitigate the immune response to biomaterials. Current applications of CD47-modified biomaterials will also be discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian E Tengood
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert J Levy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stanley J Stachelek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Deng W, Chen QW, Li XS, Yuan ZM, Li GQ, Ke DZ, Wang L, Wu ZQ, Luo SL. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells with CD47 high expression via the signal transducer and activators of transcription signaling pathway preventing myocardial fibrosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:10555-10564. [PMID: 26617765 PMCID: PMC4637580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study was initiated to investigate the efficacy of myocardial fibrosis intervention via signal transducer and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling using bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) in which being over-expressed with the aid of bispecific antibody (BiAb) and ultrasound-mediated microbubbles (MB). BiAb was prepared and combined with isolated MSC with CD47 overexpression from male mice and trans-fused into female mice with isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrosis via the tail vein, followed by MB. This study included five groups. Five weeks after treatment, expression levels of the sex-determining region of Y-chromosome (SRY), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in myocardium were detected by fluorescent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein expression of signal transducer and activators of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT 3 was detected by Western blot. RESULTS The highest homing number of MSC was in the CD47 + MSC + BiAb + MB group, second highest in the CD47 + MSC + BiAb group, and lowest in MSC alone. Compared with the Control group, CD47 + MSC + BiAb + MB, CD47 + MSC + BiAb, CD47 + MSC and MSC groups had decreased levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1, STAT 1 and collagen deposition, and increased levels of STAT 3. Up regulated STAT 3 and down regulated TIMP-1 were significantly different in CD47 + MSC + BiAb + MB compared with CD47 + MSC or CD47 + MSC + BiAb. CONCLUSION CD47 can enhance the homing rate and repairing efficacy of MSC. MSC can improve MMP-TIMP expression in injured myocardium and interfere with myocardial fibrosis after homing, a mechanism that may be related to the STAT-mediated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Department of Gerontology, The No. 2 Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Qing-Wei Chen
- Department of Gerontology, The No. 2 Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Xing-Sheng Li
- Department of Gerontology, The No. 2 Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Yuan
- Department of Gerontology, The No. 2 Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Gui-Qiong Li
- Department of Gerontology, The No. 2 Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Da-Zhi Ke
- Department of Gerontology, The No. 2 Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The No. 2 Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Wu
- Department of Gerontology, The No. 2 Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Shi-Lan Luo
- Department of Gerontology, The No. 2 Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400010, China
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