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Charkiewicz R, Sulewska A, Karabowicz P, Lapuc G, Charkiewicz A, Kraska M, Pancewicz J, Lukasik M, Kozlowski M, Stec R, Ziembicka D, Piszcz W, Miltyk W, Niklinska W. Six-Gene Signature for Differential Diagnosis and Therapeutic Decisions in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer-A Validation Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3607. [PMID: 38612418 PMCID: PMC11011743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) poses a challenge due to its heterogeneity, necessitating precise histopathological subtyping and prognostication for optimal treatment decision-making. Molecular markers emerge as a potential solution, overcoming the limitations of conventional methods and supporting the diagnostic-therapeutic interventions. In this study, we validated the expression of six genes (MIR205HG, KRT5, KRT6A, KRT6C, SERPINB5, and DSG3), previously identified within a 53-gene signature developed by our team, utilizing gene expression microarray technology. Real-time PCR on 140 thoroughly characterized early-stage NSCLC samples revealed substantial upregulation of all six genes in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) compared to adenocarcinoma (ADC), regardless of clinical factors. The decision boundaries of the logistic regression model demonstrated effective separation of the relative expression levels between SCC and ADC for most genes, excluding KRT6C. Logistic regression and gradient boosting decision tree classifiers, incorporating all six validated genes, exhibited notable performance (AUC: 0.8930 and 0.8909, respectively) in distinguishing NSCLC subtypes. Nevertheless, our investigation revealed that the gene expression profiles failed to yield predictive value regarding the progression of early-stage NSCLC. Our molecular diagnostic models manifest the potential for an exhaustive molecular characterization of NSCLC, subsequently informing personalized treatment decisions and elevating the standards of clinical management and prognosis for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslaw Charkiewicz
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-369 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.); (W.P.)
| | - Anetta Sulewska
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.); (W.P.)
| | - Piotr Karabowicz
- Biobank, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Lapuc
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (G.L.); (M.K.)
| | - Alicja Charkiewicz
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.C.); (W.M.)
| | - Marcin Kraska
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.); (W.P.)
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Pancewicz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (J.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Malgorzata Lukasik
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (J.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Miroslaw Kozlowski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (G.L.); (M.K.)
| | - Rafal Stec
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Dominika Ziembicka
- Department of Public Health, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Weronika Piszcz
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.S.); (M.K.); (W.P.)
| | - Wojciech Miltyk
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.C.); (W.M.)
| | - Wieslawa Niklinska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (J.P.); (M.L.)
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Korucu Aktas P, Baysal I, Yabanoglu-Ciftci S, Arica B. Development and In Vitro Evaluation of Crizotinib-Loaded Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles Using Box-Behnken Design in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:178. [PMID: 37658977 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the study was to produce, optimize, characterize, and compare crizotinib-loaded lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (CL-LPHNPs), representing a novel contribution to the existing literature, and to determine their anticancer activity in non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC). Box-Behnken design was used to investigate the effect of three independent variables: polymer amount (X1), soy phosphatidylcholine (X2), and DSPE-PEG (X3), on three responses: particle size (Y1), polydispersity index (Y2), and zeta potential (Y3). Different parameters were evaluated on the optimized LPHNP formulations such as encapsulation efficiency, drug release study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image analysis, and in vitro cell evaluations. The mean particle size of the optimized formulation is between 120 and 220 nm with a PDI< 0.2 and a zeta potential of -10 to -15 mV. The encapsulation efficiency values of crizotinib-loaded PLGA-LPHNPs (CL-PLGA-LPHNPs) and crizotinib-loaded PCL-LPHNPs (CL-PCL-LPHNPs) were 79.25±0.07% and 70.93±1.81%, respectively. Drug release study of CL-PLGA-LPHNPs and CL-PCL-LPHNPs showed a controlled and sustained release pattern as a result of core-shell type. Additionally, after 48 h, CL-PLGA-LPHNPs and CL-PCL-LPHNPs significantly reduced the viability of NCI-H2228 cells compared to free crizotinib. Moreover, CL-PLGA-LPHNPs and CL-PCL-LPHNPs exhibited a significant decrease in RAS, RAF, MEK, and ERK gene/protein expression levels after 48-h incubation. In conclusion, this pioneering study introduces lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles containing crizotinib as a novel treatment approach, uniting the advantages of a polymeric core and a lipid shell. The successful formulation optimization using Box-Behnken design yielded nanoparticles with adjustable size, remarkable stability, high drug loading, and a customizable drug release profile. Extensive investigations of key parameters, including particle size, PDI, ZP, TEM analysis, drug release, EE%, and in vitro evaluations, validate the potential of these nanoparticles. Moreover, the examination of two different polymers, PLGA and PCL, highlights their distinct impacts on nanoparticle performance. This research opens up new prospects for advanced therapeutic interventions with lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelinsu Korucu Aktas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ipek Baysal
- Vocational School of Health Services, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Betul Arica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
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3
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Charkiewicz R, Sulewska A, Charkiewicz A, Gyenesei A, Galik B, Ramlau R, Piwkowski C, Stec R, Biecek P, Karabowicz P, Michalska-Falkowska A, Miltyk W, Niklinski J. miRNA-Seq Tissue Diagnostic Signature: A Novel Model for NSCLC Subtyping. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13318. [PMID: 37686123 PMCID: PMC10488146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) encompasses distinct histopathological subtypes, namely adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCC), which require precise differentiation for effective treatment strategies. In this study, we present a novel molecular diagnostic model that integrates tissue-specific expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) obtained through next-generation sequencing (NGS) to discriminate between AC and SCC subtypes of NSCLC. This approach offers a more comprehensive and precise molecular characterization compared to conventional methods such as histopathology or immunohistochemistry. Firstly, we identified 31 miRNAs with significant differential expression between AC and SCC cases. Subsequently, we constructed a 17-miRNA signature through rigorous multistep analyses, including LASSO/elastic net regression. The signature includes both upregulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-326, hsa-miR-450a-5p, hsa-miR-1287-5p, hsa-miR-556-5p, hsa-miR-542-3p, hsa-miR-30b-5p, hsa-miR-4728-3p, hsa-miR-450a-1-3p, hsa-miR-375, hsa-miR-147b, hsa-miR-7705, and hsa-miR-653-3p) and downregulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-944, hsa-miR-205-5p, hsa-miR-205-3p, hsa-miR-149-5p, and hsa-miR-6510-3p). To assess the discriminative capability of the 17-miRNA signature, we performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, which demonstrated an impressive area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.994. Our findings highlight the exceptional diagnostic performance of the miRNA signature as a stratifying biomarker for distinguishing between AC and SCC subtypes in lung cancer. The developed molecular diagnostic model holds promise for providing a more accurate and comprehensive molecular characterization of NSCLC, thereby guiding personalized treatment decisions and improving clinical management and prognosis for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslaw Charkiewicz
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-369 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Anetta Sulewska
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Alicja Charkiewicz
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.C.); (W.M.)
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Szentagothai Research Center, Genomic and Bioinformatic Core Facility, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; (A.G.); (B.G.)
| | - Bence Galik
- Szentagothai Research Center, Genomic and Bioinformatic Core Facility, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary; (A.G.); (B.G.)
| | - Rodryg Ramlau
- Department of Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Cezary Piwkowski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Rafal Stec
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Przemyslaw Biecek
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Karabowicz
- Biobank, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (P.K.); (A.M.-F.)
| | | | - Wojciech Miltyk
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (A.C.); (W.M.)
| | - Jacek Niklinski
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
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Su K, Yu Q, Shen R, Sun SY, Moreno CS, Li X, Qin ZS. Pan-cancer analysis of pathway-based gene expression pattern at the individual level reveals biomarkers of clinical prognosis. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2021; 1:100050. [PMID: 34671755 PMCID: PMC8525796 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Identifying biomarkers to predict the clinical outcomes of individual patients is a fundamental problem in clinical oncology. Multiple single-gene biomarkers have already been identified and used in clinics. However, multiple oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes are involved during the process of tumorigenesis. Additionally, the efficacy of single-gene biomarkers is limited by the extensively variable expression levels measured by high-throughput assays. In this study, we hypothesize that in individual tumor samples, the disruption of transcription homeostasis in key pathways or gene sets plays an important role in tumorigenesis and has profound implications for the patient's clinical outcome. We devised a computational method named iPath to identify, at the individual-sample level, which pathways or gene sets significantly deviate from their norms. We conducted a pan-cancer analysis and demonstrated that iPath is capable of identifying highly predictive biomarkers for clinical outcomes, including overall survival, tumor subtypes, and tumor-stage classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenong Su
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ronglai Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10017, USA
| | - Shi-Yong Sun
- Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Carlos S. Moreno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zhaohui S. Qin
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Yu CH, Cheng YA, Chen RY, Wu YL, Lin MH. Survival Analysis of Antineoplastic Treatment for Older Patients with Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Clinical Database Study. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:12957-12964. [PMID: 33376393 PMCID: PMC7755879 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s282481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore whether antineoplastic treatment can improve overall survival (OS) in older patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (mNSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Using the cancer registry database of a tertiary medical center in Taiwan, we followed patients 65 years old and above with pathologically proved mNSCLC. Chi-square test and Cox regression were used to analyze differences in clinical characteristics, the treatments they received, and factors predicting survival. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to analyze OS differences. RESULTS A total of 542 older patients were diagnosed with mNSCLC from 2011 to 2017. Multivariate Cox regression showed that patients receiving targeted therapy (TT) alone, chemotherapy (CT) alone, and crossover (CO) treatment were at significantly less risk of short OS [hazard ratio (HR) 0.351, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.257-0.479; HR 0.517, CI 0.376-0.711; and HR 0.544, CI 0.373-0.792, respectively]. Patients at significantly increased risk of short OS were those aged ≥85 years and those assigned poorer Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS) scores (HR 1.513, CI 1.135-2.017, and HR 2.854, CI 2.188-3.724, respectively). The result of Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of 418 patients with ECOG-PS scores 0-2 suggested that patients who received antineoplastic treatments had a significantly better median OS than those receiving supportive care (SC), those receiving TT having the best result (SC, 4.00 months; TT, 21.17 months; CT, 12.83 months; CO, 15.83 months, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Antineoplastic treatments, especially TT, can improve OS for selected older patients with mNSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsiu Yu
- Department of Information Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ai Cheng
- Department of Healthcare Administration, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Yih Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lung Wu
- Department of Information Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsi Lin
- Division of Chest Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Nakayama J, Gong Z. Transgenic zebrafish for modeling hepatocellular carcinoma. MedComm (Beijing) 2020; 1:140-156. [PMID: 34766114 PMCID: PMC8491243 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer‐related deaths throughout the world, and more than 0.6 million people die from liver cancer annually. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies to eliminate malignant cells from liver cancer patients are urgently needed. Recent advances in high‐throughput genomic technologies have identified de novo candidates for oncogenes and pharmacological targets. However, testing and understanding the mechanism of oncogenic transformation as well as probing the kinetics and therapeutic responses of spontaneous tumors in an intact microenvironment require in vivo examination using genetically modified animal models. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has attracted increasing attention as a new model for studying cancer biology since the organs in the model are strikingly similar to human organs and the model can be genetically modified in a short time and at a low cost. This review summarizes the current knowledge of epidemiological data and genetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), zebrafish models of HCC, and potential therapeutic strategies for targeting HCC based on knowledge from the models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joji Nakayama
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Zhiyuan Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore
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Saravanakumar K, Sathiyaseelan A, Mariadoss AVA, Jeevithan E, Hu X, Shin S, Wang MH. Dual stimuli-responsive release of aptamer AS1411 decorated erlotinib loaded chitosan nanoparticles for non-small-cell lung carcinoma therapy. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 245:116407. [PMID: 32718591 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present work was developed the pH dependent-aptamer AS1411 (APT) decorated and erlotinib (En) loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) for promising non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) treatment. The characterization studies revealed that formulated APT-En-CSNPs were spherical in shape with size of 165.95 d. nm and PDI of 0.212. FTIR spectrum recorded molecular chemical interactions with composition of En or En-CSNPs. Cell viability assay, flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy results revealed that APT-En-CSNPs triggered cancer cell death through pH-sensitive and nucleolin receptor-targeted release of En. The decoration of the APT improved the cellular uptake of En as evidenced by cellular sensing fluorescence and BioTEM assay. The APT-En-CSNPs induced the apoptosis through excessive ROS generation, nucleus damage and Δψm loss in the A549 cells. Hence, the present study revealed that the APT-En-CSNPs improved the therapeutic efficiency of En in NSCLC through the nucleolin targeted drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandasamy Saravanakumar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, South Korea
| | - Anbazhagan Sathiyaseelan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, South Korea
| | - Arokia Vijaya Anand Mariadoss
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, South Korea
| | - Elango Jeevithan
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaowen Hu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, South Korea
| | - Sukjin Shin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, South Korea
| | - Myeong-Hyeon Wang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, South Korea.
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Chen S, Li F, Xu D, Hou K, Fang W, Li Y. The Function of RAS Mutation in Cancer and Advances in its Drug Research. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1105-1114. [PMID: 31057104 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190506122228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RAS (H-ras, K-ras, and N-ras), as the second largest mutated gene driver in various human cancers, has long been a vital research target for cancer. Its function is to transform the extracellular environment into a cascade of intracellular signal transduction. RAS mutant protein regulates tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism and angiogenesis through downstream MAPK, PI3K and other signaling pathways. In KRAS or other RAS-driven cancers, current treatments include direct inhibitors and upstream/downstream signaling pathway inhibitors. However, the research on these inhibitors has been largely restricted due to their escape inhibition and off-target toxicity. In this paper, we started with the role of normal and mutant RAS genes in cancer, elucidated the relevant RAS regulating pathways, and highlighted the important research advancements in RAS inhibitor research. We concluded that for the crosstalk between RAS pathways, the effect of single regulation may be limited, and the multi-target drug combined compensation mechanism is becoming a research hotspot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Phar maceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fengyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Phar maceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Phar maceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Kai Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Phar maceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Weirong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Phar maceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yunman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Physiology, China Phar maceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Zhou J, Yi Y, Wang C, Su C, Luo Y. Identification of a 3-mRNA signature as a novel potential prognostic biomarker in patients with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma in G2 and G3. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3545-3552. [PMID: 31579405 PMCID: PMC6757305 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of mRNAs as biomarkers serves to diagnose, treat, as well as aid the prognosis of cancer. The present study involved an analysis of mRNAs in the cell cycle at the G2 and G3 tumor grades for the prognosis of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OSC) using 364 clinical samples (G2:G3=42:322). Statistics aided the identification of NPFFR2, XPNPEP2 and CELA3B; the 3-mRNA model that allows for classification of patients into high- and low-risk groups using a median value of 0.9580745. The rates of survival varied (P=0.00149) and the independent detection of stratification of the risk of this disease was validated with success using the 3-mRNA signature, which was demonstrated to be more successful than the weight model. This approach was revealed to provide the prognosis of grade G2 and G3 in patients with OSC compared with factors used traditionally. Compared with traditional factors, this 3-mRNA model was demonstrated to be the only and independent prognostic factor for patients with G2 and G3 stage OSC. A literature survey was also performed in the present study in order to assess the role of the 3 genes and indirectly prove their effectiveness. The establishment of this new genetic model will enhance prospective prognosis and treatment for patients with OSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Zhou
- Pediatric Surgery II Ward, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, P.R. China
| | - Yeye Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, P.R. China
| | - Congjun Wang
- Pediatric Surgery II Ward, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Su
- Pediatric Surgery II Ward, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, P.R. China
| | - Yige Luo
- Pediatric Surgery II Ward, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, P.R. China
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Impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms on the efficacy and toxicity of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2019; 781:63-70. [PMID: 31416579 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are the treatment of choice for advanced-stage (IIIB-IV) NSCLC patients with mutations in EGFR. However, EGFR-TKIs clinical outcomes vary from person to person and these inter-individual differences may be due to genetic factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNPs in genes involved in EGFR-TKIs pharmacodynamics, metabolism and mechanism of action have been demonstrated to be associated with response, survival and toxicity in advanced NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs. Here we review the influence of gene polymorphisms in the EGFR pathway on clinical outcome and toxicity to EGFR-TKIs in advanced NSCLC patients. The EGFR-216 polymorphism has reported a strong association between response and/or survival to EGFR-TKIs in Caucasian population. Similarly, the effect of EGFR-CA repeats polymorphisms on survival of advanced NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs have been confirmed both in Caucasian and Asian population. The influence on toxicity of the -216, -191, CA repeats, Arg497Lys and Asp994Asp polymorphisms in EGFR have also been confirmed. Polymorphisms in AKT (rs1130214 and rs1130233) and SMAD3 (rs6494633, rs11071938 and rs11632964) have been associated with survival in advanced NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs. However, data come from a limited number of studies and need to be confirmed. Finally, polymorphisms in genes coding proteins of the membrane transporters and cytochrome P450 enzymes have been less extensively investigated. There are few studies with small samples, which complicated the generalization of their role in EGFR-TKIs treatment.
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NOTCH3 inactivation increases triple negative breast cancer sensitivity to gefitinib by promoting EGFR tyrosine dephosphorylation and its intracellular arrest. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:42. [PMID: 29795369 PMCID: PMC5968025 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch dysregulation has been implicated in numerous tumors, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is the breast cancer subtype with the worst clinical outcome. However, the importance of individual receptors in TNBC and their specific mechanism of action remain to be elucidated, even if recent findings suggested a specific role of activated-Notch3 in a subset of TNBCs. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in TNBCs but the use of anti-EGFR agents (including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, TKIs) has not been approved for the treatment of these patients, as clinical trials have shown disappointing results. Resistance to EGFR blockers is commonly reported. Here we show that Notch3-specific inhibition increases TNBC sensitivity to the TKI-gefitinib in TNBC-resistant cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that Notch3 is able to regulate the activated EGFR membrane localization into lipid rafts microdomains, as Notch3 inhibition, such as rafts depletion, induces the EGFR internalization and its intracellular arrest, without involving receptor degradation. Interestingly, these events are associated with the EGFR tyrosine dephosphorylation at Y1173 residue (but not at Y1068) by the protein tyrosine phosphatase H1 (PTPH1), thus suggesting its possible involvement in the observed Notch3-dependent TNBC sensitivity response to gefitinib. Consistent with this notion, a nuclear localization defect of phospho-EGFR is observed after combined blockade of EGFR and Notch3, which results in a decreased TNBC cell survival. Notably, we observed a significant correlation between EGFR and NOTCH3 expression levels by in silico gene expression and immunohistochemical analysis of human TNBC primary samples. Our findings strongly suggest that combined therapies of TKI-gefitinib with Notch3-specific suppression may be exploited as a drug combination advantage in TNBC treatment.
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Efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors in small-cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:1141-1155. [PMID: 27901478 PMCID: PMC5352042 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). METHODS Totally, 16 controlled trials (1898 cases) involving angiogenesis inhibitors plus chemotherapy (ACT group) versus chemotherapy alone group (CT group) were identified from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Wanfang Data before March 2016. RESULTS Compared with CT group, ACT group obtained a significant benefit on objective response rate (ORR) (RR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.19-1.51; P < 0.00001) and a trend of prolonging progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.73-1.01; P = 0.07) without improving overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.05; 95% CI = 0.94-1.17; P = 0.36). Remarkably, subgroup analysis showed that the antibodies targeting VEGF significantly prolonged PFS (HR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.64-0.90; P = 0.001). With regard to toxicity, there was no significant difference in severe adverse events (AEs, Grade≥3) between two groups except that gastrointestinal symptom, hypertension, metabolic disorders, neurology and pain were higher in ACT group. CONCLUSION Compared with chemotherapy alone, antibodies targeting VEGF plus chemotherapy significantly improved ORR and prolonged PFS with an acceptable toxicity profile for patients with SCLC. Therefore, angiogenesis inhibitors, especially antibodies targeting VEGF, combining with chemotherapy may be a potential promising strategy in managing SCLC.
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Abstract
Gene therapy was originally conceived to treat monogenic diseases. The replacement of a defective gene with a functional gene can theoretically cure the disease. In cancer, multiple genetic defects are present and the molecular profile changes during the course of the disease, making the replacement of all defective genes impossible. To overcome these difficulties, various gene therapy strategies have been adopted, including immune stimulation, transfer of suicide genes, inhibition of driver oncogenes, replacement of tumor-suppressor genes that could mediate apoptosis or anti-angiogenesis, and transfer of genes that enhance conventional treatments such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Some of these strategies have been tested successfully in non-small-cell lung cancer patients and the results of laboratory studies and clinical trials are reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Lara-Guerra
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jack A Roth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Xu Y, Cao X, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Shen Z. High expression of LAMP1 as a prognostic marker in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9104-9111. [PMID: 31966783 PMCID: PMC6965383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lysosome Associated Membrane Protein-1 (LAMP1), expressed in several functional processes, is a heavily glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein which is able to protect the lysosomal membranes from intracellular proteolysis. Its pro-tumorigenic effects are involved in the development of several types of Malignancy. However, the role of LAMP1 in human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) patients remains unclear. To demonstrate its prognostic significance in EOC, the methods of RT-PCR and IHC were used to evaluate LAMP1 expression in both EOC and nonmalignant tissues. What's more, the relationship between LAMP1 and clinicopathological factors was investigated. Survival analysis was used to elaborate its prognostic value. Expression of LAMP1 in tumor cells in EOC was significantly higher than those in noncancerous tissues. LAMP1 over-expression in EOC was significantly related to FIGO stage, metastasis invasion, positive ascites cell and the level of serum CA125. The Kaplan-Meier plot and Cox regression method have shown that LAMP1 over-expression in EOC and FIGO stage was significantly related to malignant features in EOC and EOC patients' unfavorable survival. It was strongly evidenced in our research that LAMP1 is a prognostic factor in EOC. Our results suggest that LAMP1 could be used as a poor prognostic factor and novel therapeutic target for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhao Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuemin Cao
- Department of Biology, Nantong UniversityNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuquan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongji Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
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Özdemir BC, Dotto GP. Racial Differences in Cancer Susceptibility and Survival: More Than the Color of the Skin? Trends Cancer 2017; 3:181-197. [PMID: 28718431 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies point to race as a determining factor in cancer susceptibility. In US registries recording cancer incidence and survival by race (distinguishing 'black versus white'), individuals of African ancestry have a globally increased risk of malignancies compared with Caucasians and Asian Americans. Differences in socioeconomic status and health-care access play a key role. However, the lesser disease susceptibility of Hispanic populations with comparable lifestyles and socioeconomic status as African Americans (Hispanic paradox) points to the concomitant importance of genetic determinants. Here, we overview the molecular basis of racial disparity in cancer susceptibility ranging from genetic polymorphisms and cancer-driver gene mutations to obesity, chronic inflammation, and immune responses. We discuss implications for race-adapted cancer screening programs and clinical trials to reduce disparities in cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna C Özdemir
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gian-Paolo Dotto
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, 1066 Épalinges, Switzerland; Harvard Dermatology Department and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
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Graham CD, Kaza N, Klocke BJ, Gillespie GY, Shevde LA, Carroll SL, Roth KA. Tamoxifen Induces Cytotoxic Autophagy in Glioblastoma. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2016; 75:946-954. [PMID: 27516117 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlw071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most common and aggressive primary human malignant brain tumors. 4-Hydroxy tamoxifen (OHT) is an active metabolite of the tamoxifen (TMX) prodrug and a well-established estrogen receptor (ER) and estrogen-related receptor antagonist. A recent study from our laboratory demonstrated that OHT induced ER-independent malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cell death by autophagic degradation of the prosurvival protein Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog. Because both MPNST and GBM are glial in cell origin, we hypothesized that OHT could mediate similar effects in GBM. OHT induced a concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability that was largely independent of caspase activation in a human GBM cell line and 2 patient-derived xenolines. Further, OHT induced both cytotoxic autophagy and a concentration-dependent decrease in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein levels. A GBM cell line expressing EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) was relatively resistant to OHT-induced death and EGFRvIII was refractory to OHT-induced degradation. Thus, OHT induces GBM cell death through a caspase-independent, autophagy-related mechanism and should be considered as a potential therapeutic agent in patients with GBM whose tumors express wild-type EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Graham
- From the Department of Pathology (CDG, NK, BJK, LAS, SLC, KAR); and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (GYG), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Niroop Kaza
- From the Department of Pathology (CDG, NK, BJK, LAS, SLC, KAR); and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (GYG), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Barbara J Klocke
- From the Department of Pathology (CDG, NK, BJK, LAS, SLC, KAR); and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (GYG), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - G Yancey Gillespie
- From the Department of Pathology (CDG, NK, BJK, LAS, SLC, KAR); and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (GYG), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Lalita A Shevde
- From the Department of Pathology (CDG, NK, BJK, LAS, SLC, KAR); and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (GYG), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Steven L Carroll
- From the Department of Pathology (CDG, NK, BJK, LAS, SLC, KAR); and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (GYG), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kevin A Roth
- From the Department of Pathology (CDG, NK, BJK, LAS, SLC, KAR); and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham (GYG), Birmingham, Alabama
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Wang D, Zhu H, Ye Q, Wang C, Xu Y. Prognostic Value of KIF2A and HER2-Neu Overexpression in Patients With Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2803. [PMID: 26937910 PMCID: PMC4779007 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesin family member 2A (KIF2A) is a member of Kinesin-13 family and involved in cell migration and cell signaling. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2-neu) is implicated in the development of many cancers. Both of these 2 proteins are upstream inducer of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway that plays an important role in the regulation of many cellular events including proliferation, survival, and invasion. We hypothesized that aberrant KIF2A and HER2-neu expression might be associated with aggressive behavior of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).To address the prognostic implications of KIF2A and HER2-neu in EOC, we assessed protein levels of KIF2A and HER2-neu in 159 ovarian and fallopian tube tissues (111 carcinomas and 48 normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis on tissue microarray and KIF2A mRNA levels in 35 ovarian and fallopian tube tissues (15 carcinomas and 20 normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues) by real-time PCR.We found that significantly higher KIF2A mRNA expression in EOC tumors than that in normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues. The IHC results showed that protein of KIF2A and HER2-neu was overexpressed in EOC tissues compared with normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues, and KIF2A expression level was significantly associated with lymph nodes, metastasis, ascites cells, and FIGO stage. No correlation between KIF2A and HER2-neu expression was observed. Survival analysis showed that patients with KIF2A and HER2-neu overexpression had a worse overall survival (OS) as compared to patients with low or none expression of the 2 proteins. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that overexpression of KIF2A was an independent prognostic factor for OS.These findings indicate the important role of KIF2A in predicting EOC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (DW, QY, CW, YX) and Department of Pathology (HZ), Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Preclinical Study of a Combination of Erlotinib and Bevacizumab in Early Stages of Unselected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts. Target Oncol 2016; 11:507-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s11523-015-0415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Mandal B, Mittal NK, Balabathula P, Thoma LA, Wood GC. Development and in vitro evaluation of core-shell type lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for the delivery of erlotinib in non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 81:162-71. [PMID: 26517962 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Core-shell type lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (CSLPHNPs) have emerged as a multifunctional drug delivery platform. The delivery system combines mechanical advantages of polymeric core and biomimetic advantages of the phospholipid shell into a single platform. We report the development of CSLPHNPs composed of the lipid monolayer shell and the biodegradable polymeric core for the delivery of erlotinib, an anticancer drug, clinically used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Erlotinib loaded CSLPHNPs were prepared by previously reported single-step sonication method using polycaprolactone (PCL) as the biodegradable polymeric core and phospholipid-shell composed of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000 (DSPE-PEG2000). Erlotinib loaded CSLPHNPs were characterized for physicochemical properties including mean particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, morphology, thermal and infrared spectral analysis, drug loading, in vitro drug release, in vitro serum stability, and storage stability. The effect of critical formulation and process variables on two critical quality attributes (mean particle size and drug entrapment efficiency) of erlotinib loaded CSLPHNPs was studied and optimized. In addition, in vitro cellular uptake, luminescent cell viability assay and colony formation assay were performed to evaluate efficacy of erlotinib loaded CSLPHNPs in A549 cells, a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Optimized erlotinib loaded CSLPHNPs were prepared with mean particle size of about 170nm, PDI<0.2, drug entrapment efficiency of about 66% with good serum and storage stability. The evaluation of in vitro cellular efficacy results indicated enhanced uptake and efficacy of erlotinib loaded CSLPHNPs compared to erlotinib solution in A549 cells. Therefore, CSLPHNPs could be a potential delivery system for erlotinib in the therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bivash Mandal
- Plough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Systems, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 3 N Dunlap Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Nivesh K Mittal
- Plough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Systems, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 3 N Dunlap Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Pavan Balabathula
- Plough Center for Sterile Drug Delivery Systems, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 3 N Dunlap Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Laura A Thoma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - George C Wood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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PIK3CA mutations can initiate pancreatic tumorigenesis and are targetable with PI3K inhibitors. Oncogenesis 2015; 4:e169. [PMID: 26436951 PMCID: PMC4632089 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2015.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrations in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway have a key role in the pathogenesis of numerous cancers by altering cell growth, metabolism, proliferation and apoptosis. Interest in targeting the PI3K signaling cascade continues, as new agents are being clinically evaluated. PIK3CA mutations result in a constitutively active PI3K and are present in a subset of pancreatic cancers. Here we examine mutant PIK3CA-mediated pancreatic tumorigenesis and the response of PIK3CA mutant pancreatic cancers to dual PI3K/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition. Two murine models were generated expressing a constitutively active PI3K within the pancreas. An increase in acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms (PanINs) was identified. In one model these lesions were detected as early as 10 days of age. Invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma developed in these mice as early as 20 days of age. These cancers were highly sensitive to treatment with dual PI3K/mTOR inhibition. In the second model, PanINs and invasive cancer develop with a greater latency owing to a lesser degree of PI3K pathway activation in this murine model. In addition to PI3K pathway activation, increased ERK1/2 signaling is common in human pancreatic cancers. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was also investigated in these models. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 is demonstrated in the pre-neoplastic lesions and invasive cancers. This activation of ERK1/2 is diminished with dual PI3K/mTOR inhibition. In summary, PIK3CA mutations can initiate pancreatic tumorigenesis and these cancers are particularly sensitive to dual PI3K/mTOR inhibition. Future studies of PI3K pathway inhibitors for patients with PIK3CA mutant pancreatic cancers are warranted.
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Wang ZQ, Liu K, Huo ZJ, Li XC, Wang M, Liu P, Pang B, Wang SJ. A cell-targeted chemotherapeutic nanomedicine strategy for oral squamous cell carcinoma therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:63. [PMID: 26427800 PMCID: PMC4591064 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) or cancers of oral cavity is one of the most common cancers worldwide with high rate of mortality and morbidity. At present, chemotherapy is one of the most effective treatments; however it often fails to meet the requirements in the clinical therapy. In the present study, we have successfully formulated ligand-decorated cancer-targeted CDDP-loaded PLGA-PEG/NR7 nanoparticles and demonstrated the feasibility of using NR7 peptide for targeted delivery, rapid intracellular uptake, and enhanced cytotoxic effect in receptor-overexpressed OSCC cancer cells.
Results Nanosized particles were formed and sustained release patterns were observed for PLGA/NR7 nanoparticles. Significantly higher cellular uptake was observed in HN6 OSCC cancer cells and superior anticancer effects are observed from the optimized targeted nanoparticles. Furthermore, Live/Dead assay showed a higher extent of red fluorescence was observed for the cells exposed with PLGA/NR7 than compared with non-targeted PLGA NP. The presence of the NR7-targeting moiety on the surface of PLGA carriers could allow the specific receptor-mediated internalization, enhanced cellular uptake, and higher cell killing potency. Especially, PLGA/NR7 NP exhibited a superior apoptosis effect in HN6 cancer cells with around ~45 % (early and late apoptotic stage) and ~59 % after 24 and 48 h incubation, respectively. It is apparent that the actively targeted micelles will deliver more anticancer agent to cancer cell than non-targeted one. Conclusion Altogether, our results show the feasibility and promise of a cell-targeted anticancer nanomedicine strategy that can be effective for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The present work might be of great importance to the further exploration of the potential application of PLGA/NR7 in the clinically relevant animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qi Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Huo
- Department of Breast Disease Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Xiao-Chen Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250031, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, 252600, Shandong, China.
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.
| | - Bo Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong Univeristy, 107# Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Shi-Jiang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
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Chen JY, Cheng YN, Han L, Wei F, Yu WW, Zhang XW, Cao S, Yu JP. Predictive value of K-ras and PIK3CA in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with EGFR-TKIs: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Biol Med 2015; 12:126-39. [PMID: 26175928 PMCID: PMC4493374 DOI: 10.7497/j.issn.2095-3941.2015.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective A meta-analysis was performed to augment the insufficient data on the impact of mutative EGFR downstream phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways on the clinical efficiency of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods Network databases were explored in April, 2015. Papers that investigated the clinical outcomes of NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs according to the status of K-ras and/or PIK3CA gene mutation were included. A quantitative meta-analysis was conducted using standard statistical methods. Odds ratios (ORs) for objective response rate (ORR) and hazard ratios (HRs) for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. Results Mutation in K-ras significantly predicted poor ORR [OR =0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.13-0.35], shorter PFS (HR =1.56; 95% CI, 1.27-1.92), and shorter OS (HR =1.59; 95% CI, 1.33-1.91) in NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs. Mutant PIK3CA significantly predicted shorter OS (HR =1.83; 95% CI, 1.05-3.20), showed poor ORR (OR =0.70; 95% CI, 0.22-2.18), and shorter PFS (HR =1.79; 95% CI, 0.91-3.53) in NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs. Conclusion K-ras mutation adversely affected the clinical response and survival of NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs. PIK3CA mutation showed similar trends. In addition to EGFR, adding K-ras and PIK3CA as routine gene biomarkers in clinical genetic analysis is valuable to optimize the effectiveness of EGFR-TKI regimens and identify optimal patients who will benefit from EGFR-TKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ying Chen
- 1 Department of Immunology, 2 Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Core Laboratory, 3 Biotherapy Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Ya-Nan Cheng
- 1 Department of Immunology, 2 Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Core Laboratory, 3 Biotherapy Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lei Han
- 1 Department of Immunology, 2 Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Core Laboratory, 3 Biotherapy Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Feng Wei
- 1 Department of Immunology, 2 Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Core Laboratory, 3 Biotherapy Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Wen-Wen Yu
- 1 Department of Immunology, 2 Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Core Laboratory, 3 Biotherapy Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xin-Wei Zhang
- 1 Department of Immunology, 2 Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Core Laboratory, 3 Biotherapy Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Shui Cao
- 1 Department of Immunology, 2 Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Core Laboratory, 3 Biotherapy Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jin-Pu Yu
- 1 Department of Immunology, 2 Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Core Laboratory, 3 Biotherapy Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
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Xu Y, Wang C, Zhang Y, Jia L, Huang J. Overexpression of MAGE-A9 Is Predictive of Poor Prognosis in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12104. [PMID: 26175056 PMCID: PMC4502509 DOI: 10.1038/srep12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The cancer testis antigen, melanoma-associated antigen A9 (MAGE-A9), is expressed in many kinds of different human cancers, and is an important target for immunotherapy. However, the clinicopathologic significance of MAGE-A9 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is unknown. In this study, real-time PCR (12 carcinomas of high FIGO stage, 12 carcinomas of low FIGO stage, and 20 normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues) and immunohistochemistry by tissue microarrays (128 carcinomas and 112 normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues, benign or borderline ovarian tumor tissues) were performed to characterize expression of MAGE-A9 in EOC. We found that significantly higher MAGE-A9 mRNA expression in EOC tumors than that in normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues (all P < 0.05). Protein expression of MAGE-A9 was significantly associated with FIGO stage, high histological grade, level of CA-125 and metastasis. Consistent with the associated poor clinicopathologic features, patients with MAGE-A9H (high-expressing) tumors had a worse overall survival as compared to patients with MAGE-A9L (low or none-expressing) tumors. Further studies revealed that MAGE-A9 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis showed that patients with MAGE-A9 overexpressing tumors had extremely poor OS. These findings indicate that MAGE-A9 expression may be helpful in predicting EOC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhao Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenyi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuquan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical College, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010021, China
| | - Jianfei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
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Xia YQ, Wei XY, Li WL, Kanchana K, Xu CC, Chen DH, Chou PH, Jin R, Wu JZ, Liang G. Curcumin analogue A501 induces G2/M arrest and apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:6893-8. [PMID: 25169542 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.16.6893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin and its analogues have been reported to exert anti-cancer activity against a variety of tumors. Here, we reported A501, a new curcumin analogue. The effect of A501 on cell viability was detected by MTT assay, the result showed that A501 had a better inhibiting effect on the four non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells than that of curcumin. Moreover, Colony forming experiment showed A501 significant restrained cell proliferation. Flow cytometry displayed A501 can cause G2/M arrest and induce apoptosis. Western blotting showed that A501 decreased the expression of cyclinB1, cdc-2, bcl-2, while increased the expression of p53, cleaved caspase-3 and bax. In conclusion, curcumin analogues A501 played antitumor activity by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis of NSCLC cells. And it was likely to be a promising starting point for the development of curcumin-based anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qun Xia
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China E-mail : ,
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25
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Her M, Kavanaugh A. Advances in use of immunomodulatory agents--a rheumatology perspective. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 12:363-8. [PMID: 25895821 DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2015.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of biologic agents such as TNF inhibitors, the treatment paradigm for autoimmune systemic inflammatory diseases has progressed tremendously. Despite some distinct treatments, similarities exist in several aspects of the treatment of autoimmune inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), IBD and psoriasis. With a so-called treat-to-target strategy aiming at remission, the intensive and early application of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs within a 'window of opportunity', and in combination with TNF inhibitors, has become the overarching principle of RA therapy. In this Perspective, the concept of treatment approaches using immunomodulatory agents and the latest advances of therapies in autoimmune systemic inflammatory diseases, especially RA, are overviewed from a rheumatology perspective to provide insights into possible approaches to the treatment of inflammatory gastrointestinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyoung Her
- Division of Rheumatology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Gaegum-Dong, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-Gu, Busan, 614-735, South Korea
| | - Arthur Kavanaugh
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, The University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0943, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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26
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Hong S, Tan M, Wang S, Luo S, Chen Y, Zhang L. Efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 141:909-21. [PMID: 25373315 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway plays a crucial role in angiogenesis and has become a promising target for cancer drug development. We aimed to quantify the overall efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing angiogenesis inhibitors with non-angiogenesis inhibitors for NSCLC patients. The extracted data on objective response rates (ORRs), disease control rates (DCRs), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were pooled. Common adverse events (AEs) were also studied. RESULTS A total of 33 RCTs involving 17,396 patients were included. Compared with non-angiogenesis inhibitors, angiogenesis inhibitors resulted in significant improvement in PFS (HR, 0.81; 95 % CI 0.76-0.85; p < 0.001), OS (HR, 0.95; 95 % CI 0.92-0.98; p = 0.004), ORR (RR, 1.54; 95 % CI 1.37-1.73; p < 0.001) and DCR (RR, 1.18; 95 % CI 1.10-1.27; p < 0.001). The AEs associated with angiogenesis inhibitors were generally predictable and manageable. CONCLUSION Angiogenesis inhibitors were superior to non-angiogenesis inhibitors in terms of ORR, DCR, PFS and OS in advanced NSCLC patients. Further studies are warranted to explore the predictive biomarkers to pick up those who may gain utmost benefit from anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
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27
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Gonzalez B, Forcales SV, Perucho M. Second German-Catalan workshop on epigenetics & cancer. Epigenetics 2015; 10:352-9. [PMID: 25849957 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1023499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Second German-Catalan Workshop on Epigenetics and Cancer was held in Barcelona on November 19-21, 2014. The workshop brought together, for the second time, scientists from 2 German and 2 Catalan research institutions: the DKFZ, from Heidelberg, the CRCME, from Freiburg, and the IMPPC and PEBC/IDIBELL, both from Barcelona. The German-Catalan Workshops are intended to establish the framework for building a Research School to foster collaborations between researchers from the different institutions. Exchange programs for graduate students are among the activities of the future School. The topics presented and discussed in 33 talks were diverse and included work on DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin biology, characterization of imprinted regions in human tissues, non-coding RNAs, and epigenetic drug discovery. Among novel developments from the previous Workshop are the report of the epigenetics angle of the Warburg effect and the long-range trans-acting interaction of DNA methylation and of nucleosome remodeling. A shift in the view on DNA methylation became apparent by the realization of the intertwined interplay between hyper- and hypo-methylation in differentiation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Gonzalez
- a Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC); Campus Can Ruti ; Badalona , Barcelona , Spain
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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate enhances the therapeutic effects of leptomycin B on human lung cancer a549 cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:217304. [PMID: 25922640 PMCID: PMC4397486 DOI: 10.1155/2015/217304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown Leptomycin B (LMB) is a promising antilung cancer drug. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has antitumor properties but a debatable clinical application. The objective of this study is to evaluate the combination therapeutic effect of LMB and EGCG and its molecular mechanisms in human lung cancer A549 cells. Increased cytotoxicity was observed in LMB+EGCG-treated cells compared to LMB-treated cells. Elevated ROS was maximized 2 h after treatment, and LMB+EGCG-treated cells had higher ROS levels compared to LMB. N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) studies confirmed the oxidative role of LMB and/or EGCG treatment. In comparison to the control, CYP3A4, SOD, GPX1, and p21 mRNA expression levels were increased 7.1-, 2.0-, 4.6-, and 13.1-fold in LMB-treated cells, respectively, while survivin was decreased 42.6-fold. Additionally, these increases of CYP3A4, SOD, and GPX1 were significantly reduced, while p21 was significantly increased in LMB+EGCG-treated cells compared to LMB-treated cells. The qRT-PCR results for p21 and survivin were further confirmed by Western blot. Our study first shows that LMB produces ROS and is possibly metabolized by CYP3A4, GPX1, and SOD in A549 cells, and combination treatment of LMB and EGCG augments LMB-induced cytotoxicity through enhanced ROS production and the modulation of drug metabolism and p21/survivin pathways.
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Yeung B, Yu J, Yang X. Roles of the Hippo pathway in lung development and tumorigenesis. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:533-9. [PMID: 25644176 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and accounts for one fifth of all cancer deaths worldwide. Although significant progress has been made toward our understanding of the causes of lung cancer, the 5-year survival is still lower than 15%. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel lung cancer biomarkers and drug targets. The Hippo signaling pathway is an emerging signaling pathway that regulates various biological processes. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that the Hippo pathway may play important roles in not only lung development but also lung tumorigenesis. In this review article, we will summarize the most recent advances and predict future directions on this new cancer research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Yeung
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jihang Yu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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30
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Ramalingam SS, Shtivelband M, Soo RA, Barrios CH, Makhson A, Segalla JGM, Pittman KB, Kolman P, Pereira JR, Srkalovic G, Belani CP, Axelrod R, Owonikoko TK, Qin Q, Qian J, McKeegan EM, Devanarayan V, McKee MD, Ricker JL, Carlson DM, Gorbunova VA. Randomized phase II study of carboplatin and paclitaxel with either linifanib or placebo for advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33:433-41. [PMID: 25559798 PMCID: PMC5478045 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.55.7173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Linifanib, a potent, selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors, has single-agent activity in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We evaluated linifanib with carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line therapy of advanced nonsquamous NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with stage IIIB/IV nonsquamous NSCLC were randomly assigned to 3-week cycles of carboplatin (area under the curve 6) and paclitaxel (200 mg/m(2)) with daily placebo (arm A), linifanib 7.5 mg (arm B), or linifanib 12.5 mg (arm C). The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary efficacy end points included overall survival (OS) and objective response rate. RESULTS One hundred thirty-eight patients were randomly assigned (median age, 61 years; 57% men; 84% smokers). Median PFS times were 5.4 months (95% CI, 4.2 to 5.7 months) in arm A (n = 47), 8.3 months (95% CI, 4.2 to 10.8 months) in arm B (n = 44), and 7.3 months (95% CI, 4.6 to 10.8 months) in arm C (n = 47). Hazard ratios (HRs) for PFS were 0.51 for arm B versus A (P = .022) and 0.64 for arm C versus A (P = .118). Median OS times were 11.3, 11.4, and 13.0 months in arms A, B, and C, respectively. HRs for OS were 1.08 for arm B versus A (P = .779) and 0.88 for arm C versus A (P = .650). Both linifanib doses were associated with increased toxicity, including a higher incidence of adverse events known to be associated with VEGF/PDGF inhibition. Baseline plasma carcinoembryonic antigen/cytokeratin 19 fragments biomarker signature was associated with PFS improvement and a trend toward OS improvement with linifanib 12.5 mg. CONCLUSION Addition of linifanib to chemotherapy significantly improved PFS (arm B), with a modest trend for survival benefit (arm C) and increased toxicity reflective of known VEGF/PDGF inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh S Ramalingam
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL.
| | - Mikhail Shtivelband
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Ross A Soo
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Carlos H Barrios
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Anatoly Makhson
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - José G M Segalla
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Kenneth B Pittman
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Petr Kolman
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Jose R Pereira
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Gordan Srkalovic
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Chandra P Belani
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Rita Axelrod
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Taofeek K Owonikoko
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Qin Qin
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Jiang Qian
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Evelyn M McKeegan
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Viswanath Devanarayan
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Mark D McKee
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Justin L Ricker
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Dawn M Carlson
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
| | - Vera A Gorbunova
- Suresh S. Ramalingam and Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Mikhail Shtivelband, Ironwood Cancer and Research Centers, Chandler, AZ; Ross A. Soo, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Carlos H. Barrios, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine, Porto Alegre; José G.M. Segalla, Hospital Amaral Carvalho, Jau; Jose R. Pereira, Instituto Brasileiro de Cancerologia Toracica, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Anatoly Makhson, Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62; Vera A. Gorbunova, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Kenneth B. Pittman, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Petr Kolman, Hospital Kyjov, Kyjov, Czech Republic; Gordan Srkalovic, Sparrow Regional Cancer Center, Lansing, MI; Chandra P. Belani, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey; Rita Axelrod, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA; Qin Qin, Jiang Qian, Evelyn M. McKeegan, Viswanath Devanarayan, Mark D. McKee, Justin L. Ricker, and Dawn M. Carlson, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL
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Zhang S, Zhai X, Wang G, Feng J, Zhu H, Xu L, Mao G, Huang J. High expression of MAGE-A9 in tumor and stromal cells of non-small cell lung cancer was correlated with patient poor survival. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:541-550. [PMID: 25755744 PMCID: PMC4348844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma associated antigen-A (MAGE-A) is an oncogene and correlated with tumor initiation and development. However the roles of MAGE-A9 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still unknown. We investigated MAGE-A9 mRNA expression in 18 tumor tissues of NSCLC by qRT-PCR and MAGE-A9 protein expression in 213 NSCLC samples of tissue arrays by immunohistochemical staining. We assessed the relationship between MAGE-A9 expression and clinical parameters. The results showed that the high expression of MAGE-A9 protein in NSCLC tumor cells were commonly present in squamous cell carcinomas (P = 0.030). It was also related to larger tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis and later stage grouping with TNM classification (all P < 0.05). Whereas the expression of MAGE-A9 in stromal cells was higher in squamous cell carcinomas as well. Cox regression univariate and multivariable analysis revealed that MAGE-A9 expression in tumor cells of NSCLC (P < 0.001) is an independent prognostic factor in five-year overall survival rate. We concluded that the molecular assessment of MAGEA9 could be considered to improve prognostic evaluation and to identify eligible patients for potential target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siya Zhang
- Department of Chemotherapy, Nantong University Affiliated HospitalNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhai
- Department of Chemotherapy, Nantong University Affiliated HospitalNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gui Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Nantong University Affiliated HospitalNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Respiratory, Nantong University Affiliated HospitalNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Nantong University Affiliated HospitalNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liqin Xu
- Department of Respiratory, Nantong University Affiliated HospitalNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoxin Mao
- Department of Chemotherapy, Nantong University Affiliated HospitalNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianfei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Nantong University Affiliated HospitalNantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
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32
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Luo M, Fu LW. Redundant kinase activation and resistance of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:608-28. [PMID: 25520855 PMCID: PMC4266699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have shown dramatic effects against that tumors harboring EGFR activating mutations in the EGFR intracytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain and resulted in cell apoptosis. Unfortunately, a number of patients ultimately developed resistance by multiple mechanisms. Thus, elucidation of the mechanism of resistance to EGFR-TKIs can provide strategies for blocking or reversing the situation. Recent studies suggested that redundant kinase activation plays pivotal roles in escaping from the effects of EGFR-TKIs. Herein, we aimed to characterize several molecular events involved in the resistance to EGFR-TKIs mediated by redundant kinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Li-Wu Fu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Guangzhou, 510060, China
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Tsao AS, Roth JA. Novel and Emerging Agents in NSCLC. Lung Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118468791.ch30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Tan DSW, Camilleri-Broët S, Tan EH, Alifano M, Lim WT, Bobbio A, Zhang S, Ng QS, Ang MK, Iyer NG, Takano A, Lim KH, Régnard JF, Tan P, Broët P. Intertumor heterogeneity of non-small-cell lung carcinomas revealed by multiplexed mutation profiling and integrative genomics. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:1092-100. [PMID: 24482041 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease, with a burden of genomic alterations exceeding most other tumors. The goal of our study was to evaluate the frequencies of co-occurring mutations and copy-number aberrations (CNAs) within the same tumor and to evaluate their potential clinical impact. Mass-spectrometry based mutation profiling using a customized lung cancer panel evaluating 214 mutations across 26 key NSCLC genes was performed on 230 nonsquamous NSCLC and integrated with genome-wide CNAs and clinical variables. Among the 138 cases having at least one mutation, one-third (41, 29.7%) showed two or more mutations, either in the same gene (double mutation) or in different genes (co-mutations). In epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant cancers, there was a double mutation in 18% and co-mutations in the following genes: TP53 (10%), PIK3CA (8%), STK11 (6%) and MET (4%). Significant relationships were detected between EGFR mutation and 1p, 7p copy gains (harboring the EGFR gene) as well as 13q copy loss. KRAS mutation was significantly related with 1q gain and 3q loss. For Stage I, tumors harboring at least one mutation or PIK3CA mutation were significantly correlated with poor prognosis (p-value = 0.02). When combining CNAs and mutational status, patients having both KRAS mutation and the highest related CNA (3q22.3 copy loss) showed a significant poorer prognosis (p-value = 0.03). Our study highlights the clinical relevance of studying tumor complexity by integrative genomic analysis and the need for developing assays that broadly screen for both "actionable" mutations and copy-number alterations to improve precision of stratified treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S W Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore; Cancer Therapeutics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Centre, Singapore; Cancer Stem Cell Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
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Anticancer gene transfer for cancer gene therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 818:255-80. [PMID: 25001541 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-6458-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy vectors are among the treatments currently used to treat malignant tumors. Gene therapy vectors use a specific therapeutic transgene that causes death in cancer cells. In early attempts at gene therapy, therapeutic transgenes were driven by non-specific vectors which induced toxicity to normal cells in addition to the cancer cells. Recently, novel cancer specific viral vectors have been developed that target cancer cells leaving normal cells unharmed. Here we review such cancer specific gene therapy systems currently used in the treatment of cancer and discuss the major challenges and future directions in this field.
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Liu YR, Zhu W, Zhang JL, Huang JQ, Zhao YZ, Zhang W, Han BH, Yao YH, Jiang LY, Li SQ. The evaluation of efficacy and safety of sunitinib on EGFR-TKI pretreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients in China. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2013; 8:206-12. [PMID: 24118906 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sunitinib is an oral multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) exhibiting antiagiogenic and antitumor effects. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and potential toxicity of sunitinib therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in China. METHODS From January 2009 to August 2011, 30 patients with stage IV NSCLC, who were pretreated with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-TKIs and then received sunitinib, were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to determine the potential prognostic risk factors influencing NSCLC survival. RESULTS The median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) of all 30 treated patients was 1.25 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90-1.9 months] and 3.40 months (95% CI: 3.00-6.80 months), respectively. Cox regression analysis suggested that Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) is predictive of both PFS (P=0.001) and OS (P<0.001). Common adverse events (AEs) included hand-foot syndrome (53.3%), mucositis (40.0%), rash (36.7%) and diarrhea (33.3%). CONCLUSION No sign of overall clinical benefits of sunitinib was detected in patients with pretreated EGFR-TKIs. Most patients suffered AEs from mild to moderate severity. ECOG PS is highly associated with PFS and OS rate. Further studies in NSCLC are required to determine whether sunitinib is beneficial nor not.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-ru Liu
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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FUT11 as a potential biomarker of clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression based on meta-analysis of gene expression data. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:2607-17. [PMID: 24318988 PMCID: PMC3967067 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we provide a comprehensive summary of available clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) microarray data in the form of meta-analysis of genes differentially regulated in tumors as compared to healthy tissue, using effect size to measure the strength of a relationship between the disease and gene expression. We identified 725 differentially regulated genes, with a number of interesting targets, such as TMEM213, SMIM5, or ATPases: ATP6V0A4 and ATP6V1G3, of which limited or no information is available in terms of their function in ccRCC pathology. Downregulated genes tended to represent pathways related to tissue remodeling, blood clotting, vasodilation, and energy metabolism, while upregulated genes were classified into pathways generally deregulated in cancers: immune system response, inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. One hundred fifteen deregulated genes were included in network analysis, with EGLN3, AP-2, NR3C1, HIF1A, and EPAS1 (gene encoding HIF2-α) as points of functional convergence, but, interestingly, 610 genes failed to join previously identified molecular networks. Furthermore, we validated the expression of 14 top deregulated genes in independent sample set of 32 ccRCC tumors by qPCR and tested if it could serve as a marker of disease progression. We found a correlation of high fucosyltransferase 11 (FUT11) expression with non-symptomatic course of the disease, which suggests that FUT11's expression might be potentially used as a biomarker of disease progression.
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Moldvay J, Barbai T, Bogos K, Piurko V, Fillinger J, Popper HH, Tímár J. EGFR Autophosphorylation but Not Protein Score Correlates With Histologic and Molecular Subtypes in Lung Adenocarcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 22:204-9. [DOI: 10.1097/pdm.0b013e3182936957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhang YN, Wu XY, Zhong N, Deng J, Zhang L, Chen W, Li X, Zhong CJ. Stimulatory effects of sorafenib on human non‑small cell lung cancer cells in vitro by regulating MAPK/ERK activation. Mol Med Rep 2013; 9:365-9. [PMID: 24213303 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib is an inhibitor of a number of intracellular signaling kinases with antiproliferative, anti‑angiogenic and pro‑apoptotic effects in tumor cells. Sorafenib has been used in the therapy of advanced renal cell carcinoma. In the present study, using two human non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)cell lines, A549 and NCI‑H1975, the effects of sorafenib on proliferation, apoptosis and intracellular signaling were systematically characterized. The results revealed that at a low concentration (5 µM) and early time point (6 h), sorafenib is capable of significantly stimulating proliferation of A549 cells, but not NCI‑H1975 cells. In addition, the comparison of the two cell lines revealed different cell cycle redistribution and apoptotic susceptibility to sorafenib at this concentration and time point. Western blot analysis revealed that sorafenib upregulated the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin‑dependent kinase 2 and downregulated the expression of BAX at this specific point. Furthermore, sorafenib was confirmed to regulate the expression of cyclin D1 and apoptosis‑associated proteins through the regulation of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation in A549 cells. These findings suggest that, although sorafenib has the potential for use in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, this compound may also activate NSCLC cells at a specific time point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kunshan First People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P.R. China
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40
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Ma L, Liu L, Zhang T, Shan L. [Detection and evaluation of EGFR mutation status in serum of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with EGFR-TKIs]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2013; 16:303-7. [PMID: 23769345 PMCID: PMC6000571 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2013.06.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitors, TKIs)对于表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)基因突变的肺癌患者显示出良好的治疗效果。本研究旨在探讨晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者血清EGFR基因突变状态与EGFR-TKIs疗效的关系。 方法 检测80例一线口服EGFR-TKIs晚期NSCLC患者血清EGFR基因的突变状态,对患者进行长期随访并评价治疗效果。 结果 80例患者血清EGFR基因突变27例(33.8%),其中外显子19缺失突变12例(44.4%),外显子21点突变15例(55.6%);血清EGFR基因突变患者的有效率(55.6%, 15/27)高于野生型患者(17.0%, 9/53),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=0.370, P < 0.001);血清EGFR基因突变患者中位无进展生存时间(progress free survival, PFS)明显长于野生型患者(9.8个月vs 5.7个月,P=0.014)。 结论 血清EGFR基因突变患者一线口服EGFR-TKIs的疗效优于野生型患者,血清EGFR基因状态可为EGFR-TKIs的一线治疗提供有效依据。
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
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41
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Deming DA, Leystra AA, Farhoud M, Nettekoven L, Clipson L, Albrecht D, Washington MK, Sullivan R, Weichert JP, Halberg RB. mTOR inhibition elicits a dramatic response in PI3K-dependent colon cancers. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60709. [PMID: 23593290 PMCID: PMC3621889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway is critical for multiple cellular functions including metabolism, proliferation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, and is the most commonly altered pathway in human cancers. Recently, we developed a novel mouse model of colon cancer in which tumors are initiated by a dominant active PI3K (FC PIK3ca*). The cancers in these mice are moderately differentiated invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas of the proximal colon that develop by 50 days of age. Interestingly, these cancers form without a benign intermediary or aberrant WNT signaling, indicating a non-canonical mechanism of tumorigenesis. Since these tumors are dependent upon the PI3K pathway, we investigated the potential for tumor response by the targeting of this pathway with rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor. A cohort of FC PIK3ca* mice were treated with rapamycin at a dose of 6 mg/kg/day or placebo for 14 days. FDG dual hybrid PET/CT imaging demonstrated a dramatic tumor response in the rapamycin arm and this was confirmed on necropsy. The tumor tissue remaining after treatment with rapamycin demonstrated increased pERK1/2 or persistent phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (pS6), indicating potential resistance mechanisms. This unique model will further our understanding of human disease and facilitate the development of therapeutics through pharmacologic screening and biomarker identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin A. Deming
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Alyssa A. Leystra
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mohammed Farhoud
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Small Animal Imaging Facility, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Laura Nettekoven
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Linda Clipson
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Dawn Albrecht
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mary Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ruth Sullivan
- Research Animal Resources Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Jamey P. Weichert
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Richard B. Halberg
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Effects of autocrine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:3093-9. [PMID: 23459872 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2383-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
It is reported that the autocrine loop of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for the survival and proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors. In this study we aimed to systematically investigate the role of autocrine vascular VEGF in NSCLC cell line A549 through inhibition of endogenous VEGF. A549 cells were transfected with florescence-labeled VEGF oligodeoxynucleotide with lipofectamine. For the experimental group, cells were transfected with VEGF anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN), sense oligodeoxynucleotide (SODN) and mutant oligodeoxynuleotide (MODN) respectively. For the control group cells were mock transfected with lipofectamine or culture medium. At indicated time point after transfection, the expression levels of VEGF mRNA and protein in A549 cells were analyzed by RT-PCR and ELISA respectively. Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry. As revealed by RT-PCR assay, the mRNA level of VEGF in cells transfected with ASDON was significantly lower than the other four groups (P < 0.05) at 24 and 48 h after transfection. ELISA assay yielded similar result with significantly decreased level of VEGF protein expression (P < 0.05). The survival fraction of A549 cells transfected with ASDON was significantly lower than the other four groups (P < 0.05) at 24 h after transfection. Also the percentage of G2 phase cells of ASODN group was significantly lower than other four groups. Our data indicate that VEGF expression is efficiently inhibited in A549 cells by ASODN transfection and this inhibition leads to inhibited cell growth and impaired cell cycle distribution.
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Oncogenes in non-small-cell lung cancer: emerging connections and novel therapeutic dynamics. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2013; 1:251-61. [PMID: 24429131 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(13)70009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer is a heterogeneous disease that is difficult to treat. Through efforts to define the molecular mechanisms involved in lung oncogenesis, molecularly targeted approaches for patients with lung cancer have now reached the clinical arena. Despite elucidation of some molecular mechanisms of lung carcinogenesis, prognosis for patients remains poor. This Review aims to highlight the functional associations between key oncogenes that drive lung tumorigenesis and are distinct targetable molecules. Oncogenes are defined by acquisition of mutations, which results in a dominant gain-of-function of the targeted protein. In this situation, a single mutated allele is sufficient to induce malignant transformation. Importantly, tumours become addicted to particular genetic alterations that cause oncogene activation and the continued expression of the signalling. An increasing amount of evidence sustains the rationale for targeting of oncogenic pathways rather than a single oncogene. A clear priority for both researchers and clinicians is to better understand the complexity of biological networks underlying lung cancer pathogenesis. This paradigmatic shift in tailoring therapies should effectively improve outcomes for patients.
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Bevacizumab and erlotinib (BE) first-line therapy in advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (stage IIIB/IV) followed by platinum-based chemotherapy (CT) at disease progression: A multicenter phase II trial (SAKK 19/05). Lung Cancer 2012; 78:239-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2012.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Xiao YY, Zhan P, Yuan DM, Liu HB, Lv TF, Shi Y, Song Y. Chemotherapy plus Vandetanib or chemotherapy alone in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis of four randomised controlled trials. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2012. [PMID: 23177099 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Most patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) require systemic chemotherapy. Vandetanib, targeting epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signalling in NSCLC, has recently been evaluated in combination chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC. However, the advantage of chemotherapy plus vandetanib over chemotherapy alone in advanced NSCLC remains largely unknown. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials was carried out to compare the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy plus vandetanib with chemotherapy alone in advanced NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The PubMed database, American Society of Clinical Oncology, European Society for Medical Oncology and the Cochrane Library and references of published trials were searched. Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the trials. Data were extracted and the overall response rate, pooled progression-free survival, overall survival with 95% confidence intervals and main toxicity were analysed. RESULTS Four randomised controlled trials involving 2160 patients with advanced NSCLC were ultimately analysed. Compared with chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy plus vandetanib significantly increased the overall response rate (relative risk = 1.96, 95% confidence interval = 1.53--2.52) and progression-free survival (hazard ratio = 0.79, 95% confidence interval = 0.71-0.87), but there was no significant difference in overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.91, 95% confidence interval = 0.79-1.03). Patients who received chemotherapy plus vandetanib had more rash, diarrhoea, hypertension and QTc prolongation (odds ratio = 2.32, 95% confidence interval = 1.93-2.79; odds ratio = 1.64, 95% confidence interval = 1.37-1.97; odds ratio = 4.08, 95% confidence interval = 2.51-6.01, odds ratio = 17.77, 95% confidence interval = 3.54-61.66, respectively), and less nausea and vomiting (odds ratio = 0.70, 95% confidence interval = 0.58-0.85; odds ratio = 0.69, 95% confidence interval = 0.55-0.86, respectively). The incidences of haemorrhage, fatigue and cough were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Although similar in overall survival, chemotherapy plus vandetanib showed particular advantages over chemotherapy alone in terms of progression-free survival and overall response rate. The toxicity was comparable between the two groups. Therefore, chemotherapy plus vandetanib might be a safe and valid therapeutic option for advanced NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ying Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Abstract
A new generation of technologies commonly named omics permits assessment of the entirety of the components of biological systems and produces an explosion of data and a major shift in our concepts of disease. These technologies will likely shape the future of health care. One aspect of these advances is that the data generated document the uniqueness of each human being in regard to disease risk and treatment response. These developments have reemphasized the concept of personalized medicine. Here we review the impact of omics technologies on one key aspect of personalized medicine: the individual drug response. We describe how knowledge of different omics may affect treatment decisions, namely drug choice and drug dose, and how it can be used to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs A Meyer
- Division of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Biozentrum of the University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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Murray S, Karavasilis V, Bobos M, Razis E, Papadopoulos S, Christodoulou C, Kosmidis P, Fountzilas G. Molecular predictors of response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2012; 31:77. [PMID: 22992338 PMCID: PMC3533816 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-31-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have become a treatment option in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, despite their use in this disease, a significant number of patients will eventually develop resistance and relapse. In this study, we aimed to characterize several molecular events involved in potential resistance mechanisms to anti-EGFR treatment and correlate our findings with clinical outcome. Material and methods The medical records of patients with NSCLC who received anti-EGFR TKIs in any line within the participating centers were reviewed and available paraffin embedded tissue was retrieved. Mutational analysis for EGFR, KRAS, BRAF and intron-exon 14 deletions of MET; FISH analysis for chromosomal gain or amplification for EGFR, MET and the deletion marker D7S486 were performed. Furthermore, the expression of EGFR and MET were analysed by immunohistochemistry. All results were correlated with treatment outcomes. Results Between 10/2001 and 12/2009 from an initial cohort of 72 treated patients, 59 cases (28 gefitinib/ 31 erlotinib) were included in the analysis. The majority had adenocarcinoma histology (68%), and received treatment in the second line setting (56%). Disease control rate (DCR) was 25.4% for all patients. EGFR and RAS mutational rates were 33% and 10% respectively, no other mutations were identified. High EGFR expressing tumors were found in 7 of 45 cases and pEGFR positivity (IHC) was found in 56% of the cases; MET expression was found in 48% of tumors. EGFR gene amplification was found in 4 cases, two cases showed high polysomy; overall, 13% cases were FISH positive for EGFR. High polysomy of MET gene was detected in 1/43 cases tested. D7S486 locus deletion was detected in 15/37 (40%) of cases. EGFR mutational status and gene gain were both associated with more favorable DCR. No other associations between examined biomarkers and DCR or survival were noted. Conclusions EGFR mutational status is a predictor for disease control in patients with NSCLC treated with anti-EGFR TKIs. The predictive role of several other molecules involved in potential resistance to anti-EGFR TKIs is worthy of additional investigation.
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Liu CW, Lin WJ. Polymeric nanoparticles conjugate a novel heptapeptide as an epidermal growth factor receptor-active targeting ligand for doxorubicin. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4749-67. [PMID: 22973097 PMCID: PMC3433327 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s32830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study was performed to develop a functional poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)- poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG)-bearing amino-active end group for peptide conjugation. Methods and results PLGA was preactivated following by copolymerization with PEG diamine. The resulting amphiphilic PLGA-PEG copolymer bearing 97.0% of amino end groups had a critical micelle concentration of 3.0 × 10−8 mol/L, and the half-effective inhibition concentration (IC50) of the prepared PLGA-PEG nanoparticles was >100 mg/mL, which was much higher than that of PLGA nanoparticles (1.02 ± 0.37 mg/mL). The amphiphilic properties of PLGA-PEG spontaneously formed a core-shell conformation in the aqueous environment, and this special feature provided the amino group on the PEG chain scattered on the surface of PLGA-PEG nanoparticles for efficient peptide conjugation. The peptide-conjugated PLGA-PEG nanoparticles showed three-fold higher uptake than peptide-free PLGA-PEG nanoparticles in a SKOV3 cell line with high expression of epidermal growth factor receptor. Both peptide-conjugated and peptide-free PLGA-PEG nanoparticles were used as nanocarriers for delivery of doxorubicin. Although the rate of release of doxorubicin from both nanoparticles was similar, drug release at pH 4.0 (500 U lipase) was faster than at pH 7.4. The IC50 of doxorubicin-loaded peptide-conjugated PLGA-PEG nanoparticles in SKOV3 cells (0.05 ± 0.03 μg/mL) was much lower (by 62.4-fold) than that of peptide-free PLGA-PEG nanoparticles (3.12 ± 1.44 μg/mL). Conclusion This in vivo biodistribution study in SKOV3 tumor-bearing mice was further promising in that accumulation of doxorubicin in tumor tissue was in the order of peptide-conjugated PLGA-PEG nanoparticles > peptide-free PLGA-PEG nanoparticles > doxorubicin solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Wen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Peng Y, Yang J, Zhang E, Sun H, Wang Q, Wang T, Su Y, Shi C. Human positive coactivator 4 is a potential novel therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2012; 19:690-6. [PMID: 22918472 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2012.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional positive coactivator 4 (PC4) is a multifunctional nuclear protein that has important roles in DNA transcription, replication, repair and heterochromatinization. However, the role of PC4 in cancer remains to be clarified. Several studies propose that PC4 may act as a putative tumor suppressor. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that PC4 may represent a potential therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PC4 protein expression is significantly upregulated in NSCLC carcinoma tissues compared with their adjacent noncancerous counterparts as shown by immunohistochemical staining and western blotting in 104 pairs of formalin-fixed human NSCLC specimens and 6 fresh NSCLC samples. Knockdown of PC4 expression by sequence-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) in human NSCLC cells (A549, H460 and H358) significantly inhibits the growth of cancer cells by the induction of cell cycle arrest and the increase of cell apoptosis in vitro. Interrupting the PC4 signaling pathway by injection of the PC4 siRNA liposome complex produced an effective regression of pre-established A549 cell xenografts in mice through growth inhibition and increased apoptosis. These results indicated that PC4 could be an attractive new therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Peng
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Center of Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Roselli M, Fernando RI, Guadagni F, Spila A, Alessandroni J, Palmirotta R, Costarelli L, Litzinger M, Hamilton D, Huang B, Tucker J, Tsang KY, Schlom J, Palena C. Brachyury, a driver of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, is overexpressed in human lung tumors: an opportunity for novel interventions against lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:3868-79. [PMID: 22611028 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-3211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is emerging as a critical factor for the progression and metastasis of carcinomas, as well as drug resistance. The T-box transcription factor Brachyury has been recently characterized as a driver of EMT in human carcinoma cells. The purpose of this study was to characterize Brachyury as a potential target for lung cancer therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression of Brachyury was evaluated by PCR and by immunohistochemistry in human lung tumors and adult normal tissues. Brachyury gene copy number and promoter methylation status were analyzed in tumor tissues with various levels of Brachyury expression. Lung carcinoma cells' susceptibility to T-cell lysis and EGF receptor (EGFR) kinase inhibition were also evaluated relative to the levels of Brachyury. RESULTS Our results showed Brachyury protein expression in 41% of primary lung carcinomas, including 48% of adenocarcinomas and 25% of squamous cell carcinomas. With the exception of normal testis and some thyroid tissues, the majority of normal tissues evaluated in this study were negative for the expression of Brachyury protein. Brachyury-specific T cells could lyse Brachyury-positive tumors and the level of Brachyury corresponded to resistance of tumor cells to EGFR kinase inhibition. CONCLUSION We hypothesize that the elimination of Brachyury-positive tumor cells may be able to prevent and/or diminish tumor dissemination and the establishment of metastases. The ability of Brachyury-specific T-cell lines to lyse Brachyury-positive tumor cells, in vitro, supports the development of Brachyury-based immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Roselli
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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