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Chen S, Kong W, Shen X, Deng B, Haag J, Sinha N, John C, Sun W, Zhou C, Bae-Jump VL. Sulindac exhibits anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects in uterine serous carcinoma cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:402. [PMID: 39198302 PMCID: PMC11358172 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05926-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is a highly aggressive and frequently recurring subtype of endometrial cancer with limited treatment options for advanced or recurrent stages. Sulindac, a classic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has demonstrated anti-tumor activity in several pre-clinical tumor models. This study aims to evaluate the effect of sulindac on cell proliferation and invasion in USC cells. METHODS Human USC cell lines ARK-1 and SPEC2 were treated with different concentrations of sulindac. Cell proliferation was assessed using MTT and colony formation assays. ELISA assays measured cellular stress, cleaved caspase 3 activity, antioxidant ability, and adhesion. Cell cycle arrest was evaluated by Cellometer. The invasive capability was detected by wound healing assay. Western blotting was used to analyze the changes in protein expression induced by sulindac. RESULTS Exposure to sulindac decreased cellular viability in a dose-dependent manner in ARK-1 and SPEC2 cells. Sulindac effectively inhibited cell cycle progression, increased cellular stress, caused apoptosis, and reduced cell adhesion and invasion in USC cells. Additionally, sulindac decreased the expression of COX-2 and blocked phosphorylation of NF-κB induced by TNF-α. CONCLUSION Sulindac is a potential therapeutic agent for USC that deserves further exploration in pre-clinical studies and potentially future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, People's Republic of China
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Weimin Kong
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochang Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, People's Republic of China
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Boer Deng
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, People's Republic of China
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jennifer Haag
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Nikita Sinha
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Catherine John
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Wenchuan Sun
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Victoria L Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Mazumder S, Bindu S, Debsharma S, Bandyopadhyay U. Induction of mitochondrial toxicity by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): The ultimate trade-off governing the therapeutic merits and demerits of these wonder drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116283. [PMID: 38750902 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are most extensively used over-the-counter FDA-approved analgesic medicines for treating inflammation, musculoskeletal pain, arthritis, pyrexia and menstrual cramps. Moreover, aspirin is widely used against cardiovascular complications. Owing to their non-addictive nature, NSAIDs are also commissioned as safer opioid-sparing alternatives in acute trauma and post-surgical treatments. In fact, therapeutic spectrum of NSAIDs is expanding. These "wonder-drugs" are now repurposed against lung diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, fungal infections and most notably cancer, due to their efficacy against chemoresistance, radio-resistance and cancer stem cells. However, prolonged NSAID treatment accompany several adverse effects. Mechanistically, apart from cyclooxygenase inhibition, NSAIDs directly target mitochondria to induce cell death. Interestingly, there are also incidences of dose-dependent effects where NSAIDs are found to improve mitochondrial health thereby suggesting plausible mitohormesis. While mitochondria-targeted effects of NSAIDs are discretely studied, a comprehensive account emphasizing the multiple dimensions in which NSAIDs affect mitochondrial structure-function integrity, leading to cell death, is lacking. This review discusses the current understanding of NSAID-mitochondria interactions in the pathophysiological background. This is essential for assessing the risk-benefit trade-offs of NSAIDs for judiciously strategizing NSAID-based approaches to manage pain and inflammation as well as formulating effective anti-cancer strategies. We also discuss recent developments constituting selective mitochondria-targeted NSAIDs including theranostics, mitocans, chimeric small molecules, prodrugs and nanomedicines that rationally optimize safer application of NSAIDs. Thus, we present a comprehensive understanding of therapeutic merits and demerits of NSAIDs with mitochondria at its cross roads. This would help in NSAID-based disease management research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Mazumder
- Department of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, 1 Acharya Dhruba Pal Road, Uttarpara, West Bengal 712258, India
| | - Samik Bindu
- Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal 736101, India
| | - Subhashis Debsharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Uday Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India.
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Gautam V, Rawat K, Sandhu A, Medhi B, Bhatia A, Kharbanda PS, Saha L. Evaluation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its modulators in repeated dose lithium-pilocarpine rat model of status epilepticus: An acute phase study. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 966:176375. [PMID: 38307381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in epilepsy and the effects of its modulators as efficacious treatment options, though postulated, has not been sufficiently investigated. We evaluated the involvement of β-catenin and GSK-3β, the significant proteins in this pathway, in the lithium chloride-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus model in rodents to study acute phase of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The modulators studied were 6-BIO, a GSK-3β inhibitor and Sulindac, a Dvl protein inhibitor. The disease group exhibited increased seizure score and seizure frequency, and the assessment of neurobehavioral parameters indicated notable alterations. Furthermore, histopathological examination of hippocampal brain tissues revealed significant neurodegeneration. Immunohistochemical study of hippocampus revealed neurogenesis in 6-BIO and sulindac groups. The gene and protein expression by RT-qPCR and western blotting studies indicated Wnt/β-catenin pathway downregulation and increased apoptosis in the acute phase of TLE. 6-BIO was very efficient in upregulating the Wnt pathway, decreasing neuronal damage, increasing neurogenesis in hippocampus and decreasing seizure score and frequency in comparison to sulindac. This suggests that both GSK-3β and β-catenin are potential and novel drug targets for acute phase of TLE, and treatment options targeting these proteins could be beneficial in successfully managing acute epilepsy. Further evaluation of 6-BIO to explore its therapeutic potential in other models of epilepsy should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipasha Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Kajal Rawat
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Arushi Sandhu
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | | | - Lekha Saha
- Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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Hossain F, Ucar DA, Monticone G, Ran Y, Majumder S, Larter K, Luu H, Wyczechowska D, Heidari S, Xu K, Shanthalingam S, Matossian M, Xi Y, Burow M, Collins-Burow B, Del Valle L, Hicks C, Zabaleta J, Golde T, Osborne B, Miele L. Sulindac sulfide as a non-immune suppressive γ-secretase modulator to target triple-negative breast cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1244159. [PMID: 37901240 PMCID: PMC10612326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1244159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises a heterogeneous group of clinically aggressive tumors with high risk of recurrence and metastasis. Current pharmacological treatment options remain largely limited to chemotherapy. Despite promising results, the efficacy of immunotherapy and chemo-immunotherapy in TNBC remains limited. There is strong evidence supporting the involvement of Notch signaling in TNBC progression. Expression of Notch1 and its ligand Jagged1 correlate with poor prognosis. Notch inhibitors, including g-secretase inhibitors (GSIs), are quite effective in preclinical models of TNBC. However, the success of GSIs in clinical trials has been limited by their intestinal toxicity and potential for adverse immunological effects, since Notch plays key roles in T-cell activation, including CD8 T-cells in tumors. Our overarching goal is to replace GSIs with agents that lack their systemic toxicity and ideally, do not affect tumor immunity. We identified sulindac sulfide (SS), the active metabolite of FDA-approved NSAID sulindac, as a potential candidate to replace GSIs. Methods We investigated the pharmacological and immunotherapeutic properties of SS in TNBC models in vitro, ex-vivo and in vivo. Results We confirmed that SS, a known γ-secretase modulator (GSM), inhibits Notch1 cleavage in TNBC cells. SS significantly inhibited mammosphere growth in all human and murine TNBC models tested. In a transplantable mouse TNBC tumor model (C0321), SS had remarkable single-agent anti-tumor activity and eliminated Notch1 protein expression in tumors. Importantly, SS did not inhibit Notch cleavage in T- cells, and the anti-tumor effects of SS were significantly enhanced when combined with a-PD1 immunotherapy in our TNBC organoids and in vivo. Discussion Our data support further investigation of SS for the treatment of TNBC, in conjunction with chemo- or -chemo-immunotherapy. Repurposing an FDA-approved, safe agent for the treatment of TNBC may be a cost-effective, rapidly deployable therapeutic option for a patient population in need of more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fokhrul Hossain
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Deniz A. Ucar
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Giulia Monticone
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Yong Ran
- Department of Pharmacological and Chemical Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Samarpan Majumder
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Kristina Larter
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Hanh Luu
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Dorota Wyczechowska
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, LSUHSC-NO, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Soroor Heidari
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Keli Xu
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Sudarvili Shanthalingam
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | | | - Yaguang Xi
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Matthew Burow
- School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | | | - Luis Del Valle
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, LSUHSC-NO, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Chindo Hicks
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, LSUHSC-NO, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Todd Golde
- Department of Pharmacological and Chemical Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Barbara Osborne
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans (LSUHSC-NO), New Orleans, LA, United States
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Shree Harini K, Ezhilarasan D. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and its modulators in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2023; 22:333-345. [PMID: 36448560 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health concern associated with significant morbidity and mortality. NAFLD is a spectrum of diseases originating from simple steatosis, progressing through nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis that may lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathogenesis of NAFLD is mediated by the triglyceride accumulation followed by proinflammatory cytokines expression leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction denoted as "two-hit hypothesis", advancing with a "third hit" of insufficient hepatocyte proliferation, leading to the increase in hepatic progenitor cells contributing to fibrosis and HCC. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is responsible for normal liver development, regeneration, hepatic metabolic zonation, ammonia and drug detoxification, hepatobiliary development, etc., maintaining the overall liver homeostasis. The key regulators of canonical Wnt signaling such as LRP6, Wnt1, Wnt3a, β-catenin, GSK-3β, and APC are abnormally regulated in NAFLD. Many experimental studies have shown the aberrated Wnt/β-catenin signaling during the NAFLD progression and NASH to hepatic fibrosis and HCC. Therefore, in this review, we have emphasized the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its modulators that can potentially aid in the inhibition of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Shree Harini
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Medicine and Toxicology Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 077, India
| | - Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Medicine and Toxicology Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 077, India.
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Wei H, Tang L, Wang J, Ni M, Liao X, Guo E. Comprehensive investigation of the prognostic values and molecular mechanisms of syntaxin binding protein 5 antisense RNA 1 in patients with colon adenocarcinoma based on RNA sequencing dataset. J Cancer 2023; 14:1607-1622. [PMID: 37325053 PMCID: PMC10266242 DOI: 10.7150/jca.83423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The main purpose of this study is to perform a comprehensive investigation of the prognostic value and molecular mechanism of syntaxin binding protein 5 antisense RNA 1 (STXBP5-AS1) through the whole genome RNA sequencing data of the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) cohort. Methods: There were 438 COAD patients were fit into current study for survival analysis. Gene expression profiling interactive analysis 2.0, Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery v6.8, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and connectivity map (CMap) are used to investigate the molecular mechanisms and targeted drugs of STXBP5-AS1 in COAD. Results: By comparing the expression level of tumor and non-tumor tissues, we found that STXBP5-AS1 was notablely down-regulated in COAD tumor tissues. Survival analysis suggested that low STXBP5-AS1 expression was significantly related to poor overall survival (OS) of COAD (log-rank P=0.035, adjusted P=0.005, HR=0.545, 95%CI=0.356-0.836). The enrichment analysis of STXBP5-AS1 co-expressed genes, GSEA and differentially expressed genes suggests that STXBP5-AS1 may play a part in COAD by regulating the following biological processes or pathways: cell junction, DNA replication, apoptosis, cell cycle, metastasis, tumor protein 53, Wnt, mTORC1, MCM, notch receptor 4, transforming growth factor beta receptor, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. CMap analysis was screened out four small molecule drugs (anisomycin, cephaeline, NU-1025 and quipazine) that may be used as STXBP5-AS1 targeted therapy drugs in COAD. The co-expression analysis of STXBP5-AS1 and immune cell gene signature indicated that STXBP5-AS1 was significantly related to immune cell gene set in normal intestinal tissues, but not in COAD tumor tissues. Conclusion: Our results revealed that STXBP5-AS1 is notablely down-regulated in COAD tumor tissues, and may act as a novel prognostic biomarker for COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotang Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Ni
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Erna Guo
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
- Institute of International Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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7
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Zhuang W, Ye T, Wang W, Song W, Tan T. CTNNB1 in neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1143328. [PMID: 37009120 PMCID: PMC10061110 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1143328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CTNNB1 is the gene that encodes β-catenin which acts as a key player in the Wnt signaling pathway and regulates cellular homeostasis. Most CTNNB1-related studies have been mainly focused on its role in cancer. Recently, CTNNB1 has also been found involved in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as intellectual disability, autism, and schizophrenia. Mutations of CTNNB1 lead to the dysfunction of the Wnt signaling pathway that regulates gene transcription and further disturbs synaptic plasticity, neuronal apoptosis, and neurogenesis. In this review, we discuss a wide range of aspects of CTNNB1 and its physiological and pathological functions in the brain. We also provide an overview of the most recent research regarding CTNNB1 expression and its function in NDDs. We propose that CTNNB1 would be one of the top high-risk genes for NDDs. It could also be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Zhuang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tong Ye
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Weihong Song
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Weihong Song,
| | - Tao Tan
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Tao Tan,
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8
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Alam A, Smith SC, Gobalakrishnan S, McGinn M, Yakovlev VA, Rabender CS. Uncoupled nitric oxide synthase activity promotes colorectal cancer progression. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1165326. [PMID: 36998441 PMCID: PMC10046306 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1165326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased levels of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species are one hallmark of chronic inflammation contributing to the activation of pro-inflammatory/proliferative pathways. In the cancers analyzed, the tetrahydrobiopterin:dihydrobiopterin ratio is lower than that of the corresponding normal tissue, leading to an uncoupled nitric oxide synthase activity and increased generation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. Previously, we demonstrated that prophylactic treatment with sepiapterin, a salvage pathway precursor of tetrahydrobiopterin, prevents dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice and associated azoxymethane-induced colorectal cancer. Herein, we report that increasing the tetrahydrobiopterin:dihydrobiopterin ratio and recoupling nitric oxide synthase with sepiapterin in the colon cancer cell lines, HCT116 and HT29, inhibit their proliferation and enhance cell death, in part, by Akt/GSK-3β-mediated downregulation of β-catenin. Therapeutic oral gavage with sepiapterin of mice bearing azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced colorectal cancer decreased metabolic uptake of [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose and enhanced apoptosis nine-fold in these tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis of both mouse and human tissues indicated downregulated expression of key enzymes in tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis in the colorectal cancer tumors. Human stage 1 colon tumors exhibited a significant decrease in the expression of quinoid dihydropteridine reductase, a key enzyme involved in recycling tetrahydrobiopterin suggesting a potential mechanism for the reduced tetrahydrobiopterin:dihydrobiopterin ratio in these tumors. In summary, sepiapterin treatment of colorectal cancer cells increases the tetrahydrobiopterin:dihydrobiopterin ratio, recouples nitric oxide synthase, and reduces tumor growth. We conclude that nitric oxide synthase coupling may provide a useful therapeutic target for treating patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Alam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Steven C. Smith
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | | | - Mina McGinn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Vasily A. Yakovlev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Christopher S. Rabender
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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9
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Novel Non-Cyclooxygenase Inhibitory Derivative of Sulindac Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Growth In Vitro and Reduces Mammary Tumorigenesis in Rats. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030646. [PMID: 36765604 PMCID: PMC9913705 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) sulindac demonstrates attractive anticancer activity, but the toxicity resulting from cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition and the suppression of physiologically important prostaglandins precludes its long-term, high dose use in the clinic for cancer prevention or treatment. While inflammation is a known tumorigenic driver, evidence suggests that sulindac's antineoplastic activity is partially or fully independent of its COX inhibitory activity. One COX-independent target proposed for sulindac is cyclic guanosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase (cGMP PDE) isozymes. Sulindac metabolites, i.e., sulfide and sulfone, inhibit cGMP PDE enzymatic activity at concentrations comparable with those associated with cancer cell growth inhibitory activity. Additionally, the cGMP PDE isozymes PDE5 and PDE10 are overexpressed during the early stages of carcinogenesis and appear essential for cancer cell proliferation and survival based on gene silencing experiments. Here, we describe a novel amide derivative of sulindac, sulindac sulfide amide (SSA), which was rationally designed to eliminate COX-inhibitory activity while enhancing cGMP PDE inhibitory activity. SSA was 68-fold and 10-fold less potent than sulindac sulfide (SS) in inhibiting COX-1 and COX-2, respectively, but 10-fold more potent in inhibiting growth and inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells. The pro-apoptotic activity of SSA was associated with inhibition of cGMP PDE activity, elevation of intracellular cGMP levels, and activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) signaling, as well as the inhibition of β-catenin/Tcf transcriptional activity. SSA displayed promising in vivo anticancer activity, resulting in a 57% reduction in the incidence and a 62% reduction in the multiplicity of tumors in the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced model of breast carcinogenesis. These findings provide strong evidence for cGMP/PKG signaling as a target for breast cancer prevention or treatment and the COX-independent anticancer properties of sulindac. Furthermore, this study validates the approach of optimizing off-target effects by reducing the COX-inhibitory activity of sulindac for future targeted drug discovery efforts to enhance both safety and efficacy.
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10
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Novel 9-Benzylaminoacridine Derivatives as Dual Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase 5 and Topoisomerase II for the Treatment of Colon Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020840. [PMID: 36677898 PMCID: PMC9866191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors have anticancer effects in a variety of malignancies in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. The role of cGMP elevation in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has been extensively studied. Additionally, DNA topoisomerase II (Topo II) inhibition is a well-established mechanism of action that mediates the effects of several approved anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin and mitoxantrone. Herein, we present 9-benzylaminoacridine derivatives as dual inhibitors of the PDE5 and Topo II enzymes. We synthesized 31 derivatives and evaluated them against PDE5, whereby 22 compounds showed micromolar or sub-micromolar inhibition. The anticancer activity of the compounds was evaluated with the NCI 60-cell line testing. Moreover, the effects of the compounds on HCT-116 colorectal carcinoma (CRC) were extensively studied, and potent compounds against HCT-116 cells were studied for their effects on Topo II, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. In addition to exhibiting significant growth inhibition against HCT116 cells, compounds 11, 12, and 28 also exhibited the most superior Topo II inhibitory activity and low micromolar PDE5 inhibition and affected cell cycle progression. Knowing that compounds that combat cancer through multiple mechanisms are among the best candidates for effective therapy, we believe that the current class of compounds merits further optimization and investigation to unleash their full therapeutic potential.
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11
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Chen Y, Chen M, Deng K. Blocking the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway to treat colorectal cancer: Strategies to improve current therapies (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 62:24. [PMID: 36579676 PMCID: PMC9854240 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumor types occurring in the digestive system. The incidence of CRC has exhibits yearly increases and the mortality rate among patients with CRC is high. The Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway, which is associated with carcinogenesis, is abnormally activated in CRC. Most patients with CRC have adenomatous polyposis coli mutations, while half of the remaining patients have β‑catenin gene mutations. Therefore, targeting the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway for the treatment of CRC is of clinical value. In recent years, with in‑depth research on the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway, inhibitors have been developed that are able to suppress or hinder the development and progression of CRC. In the present review, the role of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway in CRC is summarized, the research status on Wnt/β‑catenin pathway inhibitors is outlined and potential targets for inhibition of this pathway are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,The Laboratory of Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Tibetan Chengdu Branch Hospital of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,Department of Gerontology, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,Professor Mo Chen, Department of Gerontology, Tibetan Chengdu Branch Hospital of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 20 Ximianqiao Cross Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Kai Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,The Laboratory of Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Kai Deng, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Borneman RM, Gavin E, Musiyenko A, Richter W, Lee KJ, Crossman DK, Andrews JF, Wilhite AM, McClellan S, Aragon I, Ward AB, Chen X, Keeton AB, Berry K, Piazza GA, Scalici JM, da Silva LM. Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) as a novel target to suppress β-catenin and RAS signaling in epithelial ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:120. [PMID: 36324187 PMCID: PMC9632086 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A leading theory for ovarian carcinogenesis proposes that inflammation associated with incessant ovulation is a driver of oncogenesis. Consistent with this theory, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exert promising chemopreventive activity for ovarian cancer. Unfortunately, toxicity is associated with long-term use of NSAIDs due to their cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitory activity. Previous studies suggest the antineoplastic activity of NSAIDs is COX independent, and rather may be exerted through phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibition. PDEs represent a unique chemopreventive target for ovarian cancer given that ovulation is regulated by cyclic nucleotide signaling. Here we evaluate PDE10A as a novel therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ovarian tumors revealed PDE10A overexpression was associated with significantly worse overall survival for patients. PDE10A expression also positively correlated with the upregulation of oncogenic and inflammatory signaling pathways. Using small molecule inhibitors, Pf-2545920 and a novel NSAID-derived PDE10A inhibitor, MCI-030, we show that PDE10A inhibition leads to decreased ovarian cancer cell growth and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We demonstrate these pro-apoptotic properties occur through PKA and PKG signaling by using specific inhibitors to block their activity. PDE10A genetic knockout in ovarian cancer cells through CRISP/Cas9 editing lead to decreased cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, and in vivo tumor growth. We also demonstrate that PDE10A inhibition leads to decreased Wnt-induced β-catenin nuclear translocation, as well as decreased EGF-mediated activation of RAS/MAPK and AKT pathways in ovarian cancer cells. These findings implicate PDE10A as novel target for ovarian cancer chemoprevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M. Borneman
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Gynecologic Oncology Division, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604 USA
| | - Elaine Gavin
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Gynecologic Oncology Division, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604 USA
| | - Alla Musiyenko
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Gynecologic Oncology Division, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604 USA
| | - Wito Richter
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL USA
| | - Kevin J. Lee
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL USA
| | - David K. Crossman
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Joel F. Andrews
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Cellular and Biomolecular Imaging Facility, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL USA
| | - Annelise M. Wilhite
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Gynecologic Oncology Division, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604 USA
| | - Steven McClellan
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL USA
| | - Ileana Aragon
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL USA
| | - Antonio B. Ward
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL USA
| | - Xi Chen
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL USA
| | - Adam B. Keeton
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL USA
| | - Kristy Berry
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL USA
| | - Gary A. Piazza
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL USA
| | - Jennifer M. Scalici
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Gynecologic Oncology Division, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604 USA
| | - Luciana Madeira da Silva
- grid.267153.40000 0000 9552 1255Gynecologic Oncology Division, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604 USA
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Construction of a miRNA-mRNA Network Related to Exosomes in Colon Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:2192001. [PMID: 35845138 PMCID: PMC9277152 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2192001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The competing endogenous RNA (CeRNA) network plays important roles in the occurrence and development of colon cancer. This research is aimed at constructing a miRNA-mRNA network associated with exosomes in colon cancer. Methods We explored the GEO database and then analyzed the RNAs of 722 samples to obtain differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and mRNAs (DEGs) alongside the progress of colon cancer. Next, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of DEM target genes and DEGs were performed. In addition, a miRNA-mRNA network related to exosomes in colon cancer was constructed based on DEMs and DEGs. Finally, the expression of miRNA and mRNA in the network was verified by GEPIA2 on the base of TCGA database. Results Through our analysis, 19 DEMs (17 up and 2 down) and 1672 DEGs (954 up and 718 down) were screened. The GO and KEGG results show that these DEGs were mainly enriched in ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis, noncoding RNA metabolic process, cell-substrate junction, cadherin binding, transcription coregulator activity, and regulation of the human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection-related pathway. Besides, a miRNA-mRNA network, including 4 miRNAs (hsa-miR-623, hsa-miR-320c, hsa-miR-486-5p, and hsa-miR-1290) and 7 mRNAs (GNAI1, CADM1, PGRMC2, etc.), was constructed. Three of these seven mRNAs were downregulated in colon cancer. Ultimately, the GNAI1, CADM1, and PGRMC2 expression levels were verified by TCGA database. Conclusions This study reveals the network relationship between colon cancer exosome-derived miRNA and targeted mRNA. It deepens our understanding of new molecular mechanisms and pathways that may play a role in the occurrence and metastasis of colon cancer.
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CircRNA Expression Profiles in Canine Mammary Tumours. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9050205. [PMID: 35622733 PMCID: PMC9145538 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9050205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that the occurrence and development of tumours are associated with the expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs). However, the expression profile and clinical significance of circRNAs in canine mammary tumours remain unclear. In this paper, we collected tissue samples from three dogs with canine mammary tumours and analysed the expression profiles of circRNAs in these samples using high-throughput sequencing technology. GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analyses revealed 14 biological processes associated with these genes, and 11 of these genes were selected for qRT-PCR to verify their authenticity. CircRNAs have sponge adsorption to miRNAs, so we constructed a circRNA-miRNA network map using Cytoscape software. As a result, we identified a total of 14,851 circRNAs in canine mammary tumours and its adjacent normal tissues. Of these, 106 were differentially expressed (fold change ≥ 2, p ≤ 0.05), and 64 were upregulated and 42 were downregulated. The GO analysis revealed that the biological processes involved were mainly in the regulation of the secretory pathway, the regulation of neurotransmitter secretion and the positive regulation of phagocytosis. Most of these biological pathways were associated with the cGMP-PKG (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) signalling pathway, the cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) signalling pathway and the oxytocin signalling pathway. After screening, source genes closely associated with canine mammary tumours were found to include RYR2, PDE4D, ROCK2, CREB3L2 and UBA3, and associated circRNAs included chr27:26618544-26687235-, chr26:8194880-8201833+ and chr17:7960861-7967766-. In conclusion, we reveals the expression profile of circRNAs in canine mammary tumours. In addition, some circRNAs might be used as potential biomarkers for molecular diagnosis.
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Hou Y, Wren A, Mylarapu N, Browning K, Islam BN, Wang R, Vega KJ, Browning DD. Inhibition of Colon Cancer Cell Growth by Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Is Independent of cGMP Signaling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 381:42-53. [PMID: 35110391 PMCID: PMC8998686 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the potential use of phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention and treatment. The present study has tested the idea that PDE inhibitors inhibit growth and viability of CRC cell lines by increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and activating cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). Colon cancer cell lines and those with ectopic PKG2 expression were treated with membrane-permeable 8Br-cGMP or inhibitors of PDE5, PDE9, and PDE10a. Levels of cGMP capable of activating PKG were measured by immunoblotting for phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP). The effects of treatment on CRC cell proliferation and death were measured using hemocytometry with trypan blue. Treatment with 8Br-cGMP had no effect on CRC cell proliferation or death. Endogenous PKG activity was undetectable in any of the CRC cells, but expression of ectopic PKG2 conferred modest inhibition of proliferation but did not affect cell death. Extremely high concentrations of all the PDE inhibitors reduced proliferation in CRC cell lines, but none of them increased cGMP levels, and the effect was independent of PKG expression. The inability of the PDE inhibitors to increase cGMP was due to the lack of endogenous cGMP generating machinery. In conclusion, PDE inhibitors that target cGMP only reduce CRC growth at clinically unachievable concentrations, and do so independent of cGMP signaling through PKG. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: A large number of in vitro studies have reported that PDE inhibitors block growth of colon cancer cells by activating cGMP signaling, and that these drugs might be useful for cancer treatment. Our results show that these drugs do not activate cGMP signaling in colon cancer cells due to a lack of endogenous guanylyl cyclase activity, and that growth inhibition is due to toxic effects of clinically unobtainable drug concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.H., A.W., N.M., K.B., D.D.B.) and Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (K.J.V.), Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and Department of Internal Medicine (B.N.I.) and Department of Surgery (R.W.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alexis Wren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.H., A.W., N.M., K.B., D.D.B.) and Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (K.J.V.), Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and Department of Internal Medicine (B.N.I.) and Department of Surgery (R.W.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Namratha Mylarapu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.H., A.W., N.M., K.B., D.D.B.) and Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (K.J.V.), Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and Department of Internal Medicine (B.N.I.) and Department of Surgery (R.W.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kaylin Browning
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.H., A.W., N.M., K.B., D.D.B.) and Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (K.J.V.), Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and Department of Internal Medicine (B.N.I.) and Department of Surgery (R.W.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Bianca N Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.H., A.W., N.M., K.B., D.D.B.) and Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (K.J.V.), Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and Department of Internal Medicine (B.N.I.) and Department of Surgery (R.W.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.H., A.W., N.M., K.B., D.D.B.) and Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (K.J.V.), Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and Department of Internal Medicine (B.N.I.) and Department of Surgery (R.W.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kenneth J Vega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.H., A.W., N.M., K.B., D.D.B.) and Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (K.J.V.), Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and Department of Internal Medicine (B.N.I.) and Department of Surgery (R.W.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Darren D Browning
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.H., A.W., N.M., K.B., D.D.B.) and Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (K.J.V.), Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia; and Department of Internal Medicine (B.N.I.) and Department of Surgery (R.W.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Li J, Xue M, Zhang L, Li L, Lian H, Li M, Gao T, Fu T, Tu Y. Integration of Long Non-Coding RNA and mRNA Profiling Reveals the Mechanisms of Different Dietary NFC/NDF Ratios Induced Rumen Development in Calves. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:650. [PMID: 35268218 PMCID: PMC8909194 DOI: 10.3390/ani12050650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of dietary non-fibrous carbohydrate to neutral detergent fiber (NFC/NDF) ratios on rumen development of calves, and to investigate the mechanisms by integrating of lncRNA and mRNA profiling. Forty-five weaned Charolais hybrid calves [body weight = 94.38 ± 2.50 kg; age = 70 ± 2.69 d] were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups with different dietary NFC/NDF ratios: 1.10 (H group), 0.94 (M group) and 0.60 (L group), respectively. The ventral sac of the rumen was sampled for morphological observation and transcriptional sequencing. The average daily gain of calves in the high NFC/NDF ratio group was significantly higher than that in other groups (p < 0.05). Papillae width was largest in high NFC/NDF ratio group calves (p < 0.05). Identified differentially expressed genes that were significantly enriched in pathways closely related to rumen epithelial development included focal adhesion, Wingless-int signaling pathway, thyroid hormone signaling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. The lncRNA-mRNA network included XLOC_068691 and MOAB, XLOC_023657 and DKK2, XLOC_064331 and PPP1R12A which we interpret to mean they have important regulatory roles in calve rumen development. These findings will serve as a theoretical basis for further analysis of the molecular genetic mechanism of dietary factors affecting rumen development in calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichao Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (J.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (H.L.); (M.L.); (T.G.)
| | - Mingming Xue
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (J.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (H.L.); (M.L.); (T.G.)
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (J.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (H.L.); (M.L.); (T.G.)
| | - Lanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Hongxia Lian
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (J.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (H.L.); (M.L.); (T.G.)
| | - Ming Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (J.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (H.L.); (M.L.); (T.G.)
| | - Tengyun Gao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (J.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (H.L.); (M.L.); (T.G.)
| | - Tong Fu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Regulation and Ecological Raising of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (J.L.); (M.X.); (L.Z.); (H.L.); (M.L.); (T.G.)
| | - Yan Tu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
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Islam BN, Sharman SK, Hou Y, Wang R, Ashby J, Li H, Liu K, Vega KJ, Browning DD. Type-2 cGMP-dependent protein kinase suppresses proliferation and carcinogenesis in the colon epithelium. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:584-593. [PMID: 35188962 PMCID: PMC9234760 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of evidence has demonstrated that cyclic-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), signaling has anti-tumor effects that might be used for colon cancer prevention. The tumor-suppressive mechanism and the signaling components downstream of cGMP remain largely unknown. The present study has characterized the expression of cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKG1, PKG2) in normal and cancerous tissue from human colon. PKG1 was detected in both normal and tumor tissue, where it localized exclusively to the lamina propria and stroma (respectively). In contrast, PKG2 localized specifically to the epithelium where its expression decreased markedly in tumors compared to matched normal tissue. Neither PKG isoform was detected at the RNA or protein level in established colon cancer cell lines. To test for a potential tumor-suppressor role of PKG2 in the colon epithelium, Prkg2 knockout (KO) mice were subjected to azoxymethane/dextran sulfate-sodium (AOM/DSS) treatment. PKG2 deficiency was associated with crypt hyperplasia (Ki67) and almost twice the number of polyps per mouse as wild-type (WT) siblings. In vitro culture of mouse colon epithelium as organoids confirmed that PKG2 was the only isoform expressed, and it was detected in both proliferating and differentiating epithelial compartments. Colon organoids derived from Prkg2 KO mice proliferated more rapidly and exhibited a reduced ability to differentiate compared to WT controls. Taken together our results highlight PKG2 as the central target of cGMP in the colon, where it suppresses carcinogenesis by controlling proliferation in an epithelial-cell intrinsic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca N Islam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sarah K Sharman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yali Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Justin Ashby
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Honglin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kenneth J Vega
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Darren D Browning
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 706 7219526; Fax: +1 706 7216608;
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Kolawole OR, Kashfi K. NSAIDs and Cancer Resolution: New Paradigms beyond Cyclooxygenase. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1432. [PMID: 35163356 PMCID: PMC8836048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammation or resolved inflammation is an adaptive host defense mechanism and is self-limiting, which returns the body to a state of homeostasis. However, unresolved, uncontrolled, or chronic inflammation may lead to various maladies, including cancer. Important evidence that links inflammation and cancer is that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, reduce the risk and mortality from many cancers. The fact that NSAIDs inhibit the eicosanoid pathway prompted mechanistic drug developmental work focusing on cyclooxygenase (COX) and its products. The increased prostaglandin E2 levels and the overexpression of COX-2 in the colon and many other cancers provided the rationale for clinical trials with COX-2 inhibitors for cancer prevention or treatment. However, NSAIDs do not require the presence of COX-2 to prevent cancer. In this review, we highlight the effects of NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors (COXIBs) on targets beyond COX-2 that have shown to be important against many cancers. Finally, we hone in on specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that are biosynthesized locally and, in a time, -dependent manner to promote the resolution of inflammation and subsequent tissue healing. Different classes of SPMs are reviewed, highlighting aspirin's potential in triggering the production of these resolution-promoting mediators (resolvins, lipoxins, protectins, and maresins), which show promise in inhibiting cancer growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafunke R. Kolawole
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA;
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA;
- Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, NY 10091, USA
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Bian Y, Wang G, Zhou J, Yin G, Liu T, Liang L, Yang X, Zhang W, Ni K, Tang D, Yu Y. Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi) and Rhizoma curcumae (Ezhu) decoction suppresses colorectal cancer via downregulation of Wnt5/β-Catenin signal. Chin Med 2022; 17:11. [PMID: 34991661 PMCID: PMC8740427 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00564-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The decoction of Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi) and Rhizoma curcumae (Ezhu) has been reported as a potential antitumor agent for colorectal cancer (CRC) in experimental and clinical studies, but its underlying mechanism is still unclear. Methods The current research aims to explore the potential of Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi) and Rhizoma curcumae (Ezhu) decoction (AR decoction) in the treatment of CRC and explore the underlying mechanism. SW620 cells were transient transfection to overexpress or knock down wnt 5 or β-Catenin. Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi) and Rhizoma curcumae (Ezhu) -containing serum (AR-CS) was used to interfere with SW620 cells. Additional AR-CS, Wnt5 inhibitor (IWP-4), and β-Catenin inhibitor (JW55) were used to intervene in SW620 cells. Furthermore, subcutaneously injection of SW620 cells into the right flank of nude mice replicated xenograft mice, which were treated with AR decoction for 21 days. Results AR-CS significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of Wnt5, β-Catenin, ARF6, and N-Cadherin in SW620 cells, while inhibiting the proliferation and migration of SW620 cells. In cells overexpressing Wnt5 or β-Catenin, these effects of AR-CS were significantly suppressed. On the contrary, the inhibitory effect of AR-CS on the mRNA and protein levels of ARF6 and N-Cadherin and cell proliferation and migration of SW620 was enhanced, when Wnt5 or β-Catenin were knocked down or suppressed by the inhibitors. Moreover, in the mouse model of xenograft tumors, AR decoction not only reduced the tumor volume and inhibited the mRNA levels and protein levels of Wnt5, β-Catenin, ARF6, and N-Cadherin in the tumor, but also inhibit the protein levels of LRP5, LRP6, TCF-4, and LEF1.The histopathology of mice also showed increased apoptosis in tumor tissues, and AR decoction treatment did not cause pathological damage to the kidney and liver. Conclusions Our results provide evidence that AR decoction inhibits Wnt5/β-catenin signaling and inhibits the development of CRC, which is a promising traditional medicine in the clinical treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Bian
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Center of Experimental Animals, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Gang Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Kexin Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Decai Tang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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20
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Prasad H, Mathew JKK, Visweswariah SS. Receptor Guanylyl Cyclase C and Cyclic GMP in Health and Disease: Perspectives and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:911459. [PMID: 35846281 PMCID: PMC9276936 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.911459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor Guanylyl Cyclase C (GC-C) was initially characterized as an important regulator of intestinal fluid and ion homeostasis. Recent findings demonstrate that GC-C is also causally linked to intestinal inflammation, dysbiosis, and tumorigenesis. These advances have been fueled in part by identifying mutations or changes in gene expression in GC-C or its ligands, that disrupt the delicate balance of intracellular cGMP levels and are associated with a wide range of clinical phenotypes. In this review, we highlight aspects of the current knowledge of the GC-C signaling pathway in homeostasis and disease, emphasizing recent advances in the field. The review summarizes extra gastrointestinal functions for GC-C signaling, such as appetite control, energy expenditure, visceral nociception, and behavioral processes. Recent research has expanded the homeostatic role of GC-C and implicated it in regulating the ion-microbiome-immune axis, which acts as a mechanistic driver in inflammatory bowel disease. The development of transgenic and knockout mouse models allowed for in-depth studies of GC-C and its relationship to whole-animal physiology. A deeper understanding of the various aspects of GC-C biology and their relationships with pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and obesity can be leveraged to devise novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Prasad
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Sandhya S. Visweswariah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
- *Correspondence: Sandhya S. Visweswariah,
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21
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Differential Expression Profiles and Functional Prediction of circRNAs in Necrotizing Enterocolitis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9862066. [PMID: 34778461 PMCID: PMC8581514 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9862066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel type of noncoding RNAs, have been demonstrated to behave as microRNA (miRNA) sponges to exert their effects during pathological processes of diseases. However, the roles of circRNAs have not been explored in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). This study sought to identify differentially expressed circRNAs and predict their potential biological functions in NEC. circRNA expression profiles in terminal ileum from newborn rats with NEC and normal controls were explored using next-generation sequencing. In the NEC group, 53 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed, including 9 upregulated and 44 downregulated. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were conducted, and circRNA-miRNA interaction networks were generated to predict the potential roles of circRNAs in NEC progression. Further investigation revealed that most circRNAs include miRNA binding sites and that some are implicated in NEC development. In conclusion, this study's findings demonstrate that differentially expressed circRNAs are involved in NEC development via their interactions with miRNAs, making them prospective targets for NEC diagnosis and treatment.
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22
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Nishiguchi Y, Hata Y, Date R, Fujimoto D, Umemoto S, Kanki T, Yokoi H, Mori KP, Handa T, Watanabe-Takano H, Kanai Y, Yasoda A, Izumi Y, Kakizoe Y, Mochizuki N, Mukoyama M, Kuwabara T. Osteocrin, a bone-derived humoral factor, exerts a renoprotective role in ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 37:444-453. [PMID: 34610136 PMCID: PMC8875462 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteocrin (OSTN), a bone-derived humoral factor, was reported to act on heart and bone by potentiating the natriuretic peptide (NP) system. Ostn gene polymorphisms have been associated with renal function decline, but its pathophysiological role in the kidney remains unclear. Methods The role of endogenous OSTN was investigated using systemic Ostn-knockout (KO) mice. As a model for OSTN administration, liver-specific Ostn-overexpressing mice crossed with KO (KO-Tg) were generated. These mice were subjected to unilateral ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) and renal lesions after 21 days of insult were evaluated. A comprehensive analysis of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was performed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array. Reporter plasmid-transfected proximal tubular cells (NRK52E) were used to investigate the mechanism by which OSTN affects the pathway. Results After injury, KO mice showed marginal worsening of renal fibrosis compared with wild-type mice, with comparable renal atrophy. KO-Tg mice showed significantly ameliorated renal atrophy, fibrosis and tubular injury, together with reduced expressions of fibrosis- and inflammation-related genes. The PCR array showed that the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was attenuated in KO-Tg mice. The downstream targets Mmp7, Myc and Axin2 showed similar results. MMP7 and Wnt2 were induced in corticomedullary proximal tubules after injury, but not in KO-Tg. In NRK52E, OSTN significantly potentiated the inhibitory effects of NP on transforming growth factor β1–induced activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which was reproduced by a cyclic guanosine monophosphate analog. Conclusions Ectopic Ostn overexpression ameliorated subsequent renal injury following ischemia–reperfusion. OSTN could represent possible renoprotection in acute to chronic kidney disease transition, thus serving as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Nishiguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hata
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Date
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Fujimoto
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shuro Umemoto
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kanki
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideki Yokoi
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keita P Mori
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaya Handa
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruko Watanabe-Takano
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes Mellitus and Endocrinology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Izumi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kakizoe
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashige Kuwabara
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
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23
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Lee KJ, Chang WCL, Chen X, Valiyaveettil J, Ramirez-Alcantara V, Gavin E, Musiyenko A, Madeira da Silva L, Annamdevula NS, Leavesley SJ, Ward A, Mattox T, Lindsey AS, Andrews J, Zhu B, Wood C, Neese A, Nguyen A, Berry K, Maxuitenko Y, Moyer MP, Nurmemmedov E, Gorman G, Coward L, Zhou G, Keeton AB, Cooper HS, Clapper ML, Piazza GA. Suppression of Colon Tumorigenesis in Mutant Apc Mice by a Novel PDE10 Inhibitor that Reduces Oncogenic β-Catenin. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:995-1008. [PMID: 34584001 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10) is overexpressed in colon epithelium during early stages of colon tumorigenesis and essential for colon cancer cell growth. Here we describe a novel non-COX inhibitory derivative of the anti-inflammatory drug, sulindac, with selective PDE10 inhibitory activity, ADT 061. ADT 061 potently inhibited the growth of colon cancer cells expressing high levels of PDE10, but not normal colonocytes that do not express PDE10. The concentration range by which ADT 061 inhibited colon cancer cell growth was identical to concentrations that inhibit recombinant PDE10. ADT 061 inhibited PDE10 by a competitive mechanism and did not affect the activity of other PDE isozymes at concentrations that inhibit colon cancer cell growth. Treatment of colon cancer cells with ADT 061 activated cGMP/PKG signaling, induced phosphorylation of oncogenic β-catenin, inhibited Wnt-induced nuclear translocation of β-catenin, and suppressed TCF/LEF transcription at concentrations that inhibit cancer cell growth. Oral administration of ADT 061 resulted in high concentrations in the colon mucosa and significantly suppressed the formation of colon adenomas in the Apc+/min-FCCC mouse model of colorectal cancer without discernable toxicity. These results support the development of ADT 061 for the treatment or prevention of adenomas in individuals at risk of developing colorectal cancer. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: PDE10 is overexpressed in colon tumors whereby inhibition activates cGMP/PKG signaling and suppresses Wnt/β-catenin transcription to selectively induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells. ADT 061 is a novel PDE10 inhibitor that shows promising cancer chemopreventive activity and tolerance in a mouse model of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Lee
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Wen-Chi L Chang
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xi Chen
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Jacob Valiyaveettil
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | | | - Elaine Gavin
- Gynecologic Oncology Research Division, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Alla Musiyenko
- Gynecologic Oncology Research Division, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Luciana Madeira da Silva
- Gynecologic Oncology Research Division, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Naga S Annamdevula
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Silas J Leavesley
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama.,Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Antonio Ward
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Tyler Mattox
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Ashley S Lindsey
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Joel Andrews
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Bing Zhu
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Charles Wood
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Ashleigh Neese
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Ashley Nguyen
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Kristy Berry
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Yulia Maxuitenko
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | | | | | | | | | - Gang Zhou
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Adam B Keeton
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Harry S Cooper
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Margie L Clapper
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gary A Piazza
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.
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24
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Chen L, Liu Y, Becher A, Diepold K, Schmid E, Fehn A, Brunner C, Rouhi A, Chiosis G, Cronauer M, Seufferlein T, Azoitei N. Sildenafil triggers tumor lethality through altered expression of HSP90 and degradation of PKD2. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:1421-1431. [PMID: 31917403 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The repurposing of existing drugs has emerged as an attractive additional strategy to the development of novel compounds in the fight against cancerous diseases. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) has been claimed as a potential approach to target various cancer subtypes in recent years. However, data on the treatment of tumors with PDE5 inhibitors as well as the underlying mechanisms are as yet very scarce. Here, we report that treatment of tumor cells with low concentrations of Sildenafil was associated with decreased cancer cell proliferation and augmented apoptosis in vitro and resulted in impaired tumor growth in vivo. Notably, incubation of cancer cells with Sildenafil was associated with altered expression of HSP90 chaperone followed by degradation of protein kinase D2, a client protein previously reported to be involved in tumor growth. Furthermore, the involvement of low doses of PU-H71, an HSP90 inhibitor currently under clinical evaluation, in combination with low concentrations of Sildenafil, synergistically and negatively impacted on the viability of cancer cells in vivo. Taken together, our study suggests that repurposing of already approved drugs, alone or in combination with oncology-dedicated compounds, may represent a novel cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Alexander Becher
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kristina Diepold
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Evi Schmid
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Adrian Fehn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cornelia Brunner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Gabriela Chiosis
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcus Cronauer
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ninel Azoitei
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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25
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Yi B, Cheng H, Wyczechowska D, Yu Q, Li L, Ochoa AC, Riker AI, Xi Y. Sulindac Modulates the Response of Proficient MMR Colorectal Cancer to Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1295-1304. [PMID: 33879557 PMCID: PMC8295201 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has been widely used to treat different human cancers, particularly advanced solid tumors. However, clinical studies have reported that ICI immunotherapy benefits only ∼15% of patients with colorectal cancer, specifically those with tumors characterized by microsatellite instability (MSI), a molecular marker of defective DNA mismatch repair (dMMR). For the majority of patients with colorectal cancer who carry proficient MMR (pMMR), ICIs have shown little clinical benefit. In this study, we examined the efficacy of sulindac to enhance the response of pMMR colorectal cancer to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. We utilized a CT26 syngeneic mouse tumor model to compare the inhibitory effects of PD-L1 antibody (Ab), sulindac, and their combination on pMMR colorectal cancer tumor growth. We found that mice treated with combination therapy showed a significant reduction in tumor volume, along with increased infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the tumor tissues. We also demonstrated that sulindac could downregulate PD-L1 by blocking NF-κB signaling, which in turn led to a decrease in exosomal PD-L1. Notably, PD-L1 Ab can be bound and consumed by exosomal PD-L1 in the blood circulation. Therefore, in combination therapy, sulindac downregulating PD-L1 leads to increased availability of PD-L1 Ab, which potentially improves the overall efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy. We also show that low-dose sulindac does not appear to have a systemic inhibitory effect on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). In conclusion, our findings provide unique insights into the mechanism of action and efficacy for sulindac as an immunomodulatory agent in combination with anti-PD-L1 therapy for the treatment of pMMR colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yi
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Dorota Wyczechowska
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Qingzhao Yu
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Li Li
- Ochsner Clinical School, University of Queensland, and Institute for Translational Research, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Augusto C Ochoa
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Adam I Riker
- Geaton and JoAnn DeCesaris Cancer Institute, Anne Arundel Medical Center, Luminis Health, Annapolis, Maryland
| | - Yaguang Xi
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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26
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Targeting the crosstalk between canonical Wnt/β-catenin and inflammatory signaling cascades: A novel strategy for cancer prevention and therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 227:107876. [PMID: 33930452 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Emerging scientific evidence indicates that inflammation is a critical component of tumor promotion and progression. Most cancers originate from sites of chronic irritation, infections and inflammation, underscoring that the tumor microenvironment is largely orchestrated by inflammatory cells and pro-inflammatory molecules. These inflammatory components are intimately involved in neoplastic processes which foster proliferation, survival, invasion, and migration, making inflammation the primary target for cancer prevention and treatment. The influence of inflammation and the immune system on the progression and development of cancer has recently gained immense interest. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, an evolutionarily conserved signaling strategy, has a critical role in regulating tissue development. It has been implicated as a major player in cancer development and progression with its regulatory role on inflammatory cascades. Many naturally-occurring and small synthetic molecules endowed with inherent anti-inflammatory properties inhibit this aberrant signaling pathway, making them a promising class of compounds in the fight against inflammatory cancers. This article analyzes available scientific evidence and suggests a crosslink between Wnt/β-catenin signaling and inflammatory pathways in inflammatory cancers, especially breast, gastrointestinal, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. We also highlight emerging experimental findings that numerous anti-inflammatory synthetic and natural compounds target the crosslink between Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inflammatory cascades to achieve cancer prevention and intervention. Current challenges, limitations, and future directions of research are also discussed.
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27
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AboYoussef AM, Khalaf MM, Malak MN, Hamzawy MA. Repurposing of sildenafil as antitumour; induction of cyclic guanosine monophosphate/protein kinase G pathway, caspase-dependent apoptosis and pivotal reduction of Nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells in lung cancer. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1080-1091. [PMID: 33856030 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lung cancer is one of the most frequent types of cancers that lead to death. Sildenafil is a potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-5 and showed potential anticancer effects, which has not yet been fully evaluated. Thus, this study aims to investigate the potential anticancer effect of sildenafil in urethane-induced lung cancer in BALB/c mice. METHODS Five-week-old male BALB/c mice were treated with either (i) normal saline only, (ii) sildenafil only 50 mg kg-1/ P.O every other day for the last four successive weeks, (iii) urethane 1.5 gm kg-1 i.p (at day 1 and day 60), (iv) carboplatin after urethane induction, or (v) sildenafil after urethane induction. KEY FINDINGS It was shown that sildenafil significantly increased the levels of cGMP and Caspase-3 with a reduction of NF-κB, Bcl-2, Cyclin D1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, matrix metalloproteinase-2 levels and normalisation of Nrf2 along with pronounced improvement in the histological patterns. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that sildenafil markedly induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and inhibits the metastatic activity through activation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate/protein kinase G pathway and down-regulation of cyclin D1 and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells with downstream anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2, which underscores the critical importance of future using sildenafil in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira M AboYoussef
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Khalaf
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marina N Malak
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hamzawy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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28
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Ma Y, Qiu M, Wang S, Meng S, Yang F, Jiang G. Distinct tumor bacterial microbiome in lung adenocarcinomas manifested as radiological subsolid nodules. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101050. [PMID: 33765542 PMCID: PMC8022255 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Subsolid nodules have higher microbiome diversity compared with solid nodules Microbiome composition of Subsolid nodules is distinct from that of solid nodules Microbial signatures show robust performance to predict lung adenocarcinoma or subsolid nodules Some lung microbial species are associated with clinical characteristics
Objectives Increasing evidence indicates that microbiota dysbiosis in the human body may play vital roles in carcinogenesis. However, the relationship between microbiome and lung cancer remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to characterize the microbiome in early stage of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), which presented as subsolid nodules (SSN) or solid nodules (SN). Materials and Methods We performed 16S rRNA sequencing of 35 pairs (10 SSN and 25 SN) of LUAD tumor tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues. Machine learning was used to identify microbial signatures and construct predictive models. Results SSN has higher microbiome richness and diversity compared with SN (richness p = 0.017, Shannon index p = 0.17), and the microbiome composition of SSN is distinct from that of SN (Bray-Curtis p = 0.013, unweighted unifrac p = 0.001). Phylum Chloroflexi (p = 0.009), Gemmatimonadetes (p = 0.018) and genus including Cloacibacterium (p = 0.003), Subdoligranulum (p = 0.002), and Mycobacterium (p = 0.034) were significantly increased in SSN. Tumor and normal tissues had similar richness and diversity, as well as overall microbiome composition. Probiotics with anti-cancer potential, like Lactobacillus, showed elevated levels in normal tissues (p = 0.018). A random forest model with 20 genera-based biomarkers achieved high accuracy for LUAD prediction (area under curve, AUC = 0.879). Meanwhile, a five genera-based signature can accurately discriminate SSN between SN (AUC = 0.950). Cross-validation of these two models also showed high predictive performance (LUAD AUC = 0.813, SSN AUC = 0.933). Conclusions This study demonstrates, for the first time, the tumor bacterial microbiome composition of LUAD manifested as SSN is distinct from that presented as SN, which adds new knowledge to SSN in the perspective of microbiome. Furthermore, microbiome signatures showed good performance to predict LUAD or SSN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Mantang Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Shaodong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Shushi Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Guanchao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
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Ulusan AM, Rajendran P, Dashwood WM, Yavuz OF, Kapoor S, Gustafson TA, Savage MI, Brown PH, Sei S, Mohammed A, Vilar E, Dashwood RH. Optimization of Erlotinib Plus Sulindac Dosing Regimens for Intestinal Cancer Prevention in an Apc-Mutant Model of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP). Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:325-336. [PMID: 33277315 PMCID: PMC8137519 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A clinical trial in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) demonstrated that sulindac plus erlotinib (SUL+ERL) had good efficacy in the duodenum and colon, but toxicity issues raised concerns for long-term prevention. We performed a biomarker study in the polyposis in rat colon (Pirc) model, observing phosphorylated Erk inhibition in colon polyps for up to 10 days after discontinuing ERL+SUL administration. In a follow-up study lasting 16 weeks, significant reduction of colon and small intestine (SI) tumor burden was detected, especially in rats given 250 ppm SUL in the diet plus once-a-week intragastric dosing of ERL at 21 or 42 mg/kg body weight (BW). A long-term study further demonstrated antitumor efficacy in the colon and SI at 52 weeks, when 250 ppm SUL was combined with once-a-week intragastric administration of ERL at 10, 21, or 42 mg/kg BW. Tumor-associated matrix metalloproteinase-7 (Mmp7), tumor necrosis factor (Tnf), and early growth response 1 (Egr1) were decreased at 16 weeks by ERL+SUL, and this was sustained in the long-term study for Mmp7 and Tnf. Based on the collective results, the optimal dose combination of ERL 10 mg/kg BW plus 250 ppm SUL lacked toxicity, inhibited molecular biomarkers, and exhibited effective antitumor activity. We conclude that switching from continuous to once-per-week ERL, given at one-quarter of the current therapeutic dose, will exert good efficacy with standard-of-care SUL against adenomatous polyps in the colon and SI, with clinical relevance for patients with FAP before or after colectomy. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: This investigation concludes that switching from continuous to once-per-week erlotinib, given at one-quarter of the current therapeutic dose, will exert good efficacy with standard-of-care sulindac against adenomatous polyps in the colon and small intestine, with clinical relevance for patients with FAP before or after colectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet M Ulusan
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
- Internal Medicine, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey
| | - Praveen Rajendran
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Wan Mohaiza Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Omer F Yavuz
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sabeeta Kapoor
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Trace A Gustafson
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michelle I Savage
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Powel H Brown
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Shizuko Sei
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Altaf Mohammed
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Eduardo Vilar
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Roderick H Dashwood
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas.
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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30
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Aboelella NS, Brandle C, Kim T, Ding ZC, Zhou G. Oxidative Stress in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Relevance to Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050986. [PMID: 33673398 PMCID: PMC7956301 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer cells are consistently under oxidative stress, as reflected by elevated basal level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), due to increased metabolism driven by aberrant cell growth. This feature has been exploited to develop therapeutic strategies that control tumor growth by modulating the oxidative stress in tumor cells. This review provides an overview of recent advances in cancer therapies targeting tumor oxidative stress, and highlights the emerging evidence implicating the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies in intensifying tumor oxidative stress. The promises and challenges of combining ROS-inducing agents with cancer immunotherapy are also discussed. Abstract It has been well-established that cancer cells are under constant oxidative stress, as reflected by elevated basal level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), due to increased metabolism driven by aberrant cell growth. Cancer cells can adapt to maintain redox homeostasis through a variety of mechanisms. The prevalent perception about ROS is that they are one of the key drivers promoting tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Based on this notion, numerous antioxidants that aim to mitigate tumor oxidative stress have been tested for cancer prevention or treatment, although the effectiveness of this strategy has yet to be established. In recent years, it has been increasingly appreciated that ROS have a complex, multifaceted role in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and that tumor redox can be targeted to amplify oxidative stress inside the tumor to cause tumor destruction. Accumulating evidence indicates that cancer immunotherapies can alter tumor redox to intensify tumor oxidative stress, resulting in ROS-dependent tumor rejection. Herein we review the recent progresses regarding the impact of ROS on cancer cells and various immune cells in the TME, and discuss the emerging ROS-modulating strategies that can be used in combination with cancer immunotherapies to achieve enhanced antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada S. Aboelella
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (N.S.A.); (C.B.); (Z.-C.D.)
- The Graduate School, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Caitlin Brandle
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (N.S.A.); (C.B.); (Z.-C.D.)
| | - Timothy Kim
- The Center for Undergraduate Research and Scholarship, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Zhi-Chun Ding
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (N.S.A.); (C.B.); (Z.-C.D.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Gang Zhou
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (N.S.A.); (C.B.); (Z.-C.D.)
- The Graduate School, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-706-721-4472
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Cruz-Burgos M, Losada-Garcia A, Cruz-Hernández CD, Cortés-Ramírez SA, Camacho-Arroyo I, Gonzalez-Covarrubias V, Morales-Pacheco M, Trujillo-Bornios SI, Rodríguez-Dorantes M. New Approaches in Oncology for Repositioning Drugs: The Case of PDE5 Inhibitor Sildenafil. Front Oncol 2021; 11:627229. [PMID: 33718200 PMCID: PMC7952883 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.627229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of already-approved drugs to treat new or alternative diseases has proved to be beneficial in medicine, because it reduces both drug development costs and timelines. Most drugs can be used to treat different illnesses, due their mechanisms of action are not restricted to one molecular target, organ or illness. Diverging from its original intent offers an opportunity to repurpose previously approved drugs to treat other ailments. This is the case of sildenafil (Viagra), a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor, which was originally designed to treat systemic hypertension and angina but is currently commercialized as erectile dysfunction treatment. Sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil are PDE5 inhibitors and potent vasodilators, that extend the physiological effects of nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling. Although most of the biological implications of these signaling regulations remain unknown, they offer a large therapeutic potential for several diseases. In addition, some PDE5 inhibitors' molecular effects seem to play a key role in different illnesses such as kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. In this review, we discuss the molecular effects of PDE5 inhibitors and their therapeutic repurposing in different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Cruz-Burgos
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alberto Losada-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | | | - Ignacio Camacho-Arroyo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Miguel Morales-Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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32
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Luo D, Zhang C, Fu L, Zhang Y, Hu YQ. A novel similarity score based on gene ranks to reveal genetic relationships among diseases. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10576. [PMID: 33505797 PMCID: PMC7796663 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of similarities among diseases can contribute to uncovering common genetic mechanisms. Based on ranked gene lists, a couple of similarity measures were proposed in the literature. Notice that they may suffer from the determination of cutoff or heavy computational load, we propose a novel similarity score SimSIP among diseases based on gene ranks. Simulation studies under various scenarios demonstrate that SimSIP has better performance than existing rank-based similarity measures. Application of SimSIP in gene expression data of 18 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas shows that SimSIP is superior in clarifying the genetic relationships among diseases and demonstrates the tendency to cluster the histologically or anatomically related cancers together, which is analogous to the pan-cancer studies. Moreover, SimSIP with simpler form and faster computation is more robust for higher levels of noise than existing methods and provides a basis for future studies on genetic relationships among diseases. In addition, a measure MAG is developed to gauge the magnitude of association of anindividual gene with diseases. By using MAG the genes and biological processes significantly associated with colorectal cancer are detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Information and Computing Science, School of Mathematics and Physics, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chengdong Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuening Zhang
- SJTU-Yale Joint Center for Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Qing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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33
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Yang Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang X, Hu L, Zhao Y, Wang H, Wang Z, Wang H, Wang L, Dirks WG, Drexler HG, Xu X, Hu Z. Modulators of histone demethylase JMJD1C selectively target leukemic stem cells. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 11:265-277. [PMID: 33289299 PMCID: PMC7780120 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) comprise a very rare cell population that results in the development of acute myeloid leukemia. The selective targeting of drivers in LSCs with small molecule inhibitors holds promise for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Recently, we reported the identification of inhibitors of the histone lysine demethylase JMJD1C that preferentially kill MLL rearranged acute leukemia cells. Here, we report the identification of jumonji domain modulator #7 (JDM‐7). Surface plasmon resonance analysis showed that JDM‐7 binds to JMJD1C and its family homolog JMJD1B. JDM‐7 did not significantly suppress cell proliferation in liquid cell culture at higher doses, although it led to a significant decrease in semi‐solid colony formation experiments at lower concentrations. Moreover, low doses of JDM‐7 did not suppress the proliferation of erythroid progenitor cells. We identified that JDM‐7 downregulates the LSC self‐renewal gene HOXA9 in leukemia cells. We further found that the structure of JDM‐7 is similar to that of tadalafil, a drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance analysis showed that tadalafil binds to JMJD1C. Moreover, similar to JDM‐7, tadalafil suppressed colony formation of leukemia cells in semi‐solid cell culture at a concentration that did not affect primary umbilical cord blood cells. In summary, we have identified JDM‐7 and tadalafil as potential JMJD1C modulators that selectively inhibit the growth of LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine & Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Xinjing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zibo Central Hospital, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine & Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- Beijing Beike Deyuan Bio-Pharm Technology Co. Ltd, China
| | - Linda Hu
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Yao Zhao
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine & Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine & Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Zhanju Wang
- The Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- The Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Weifang University, China
| | - Wilhelm G Dirks
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Culture, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hans G Drexler
- Department of Human and Animal Cell Culture, Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Xin Xu
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine & Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, China
| | - Zhenbo Hu
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine & Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China
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Zhang Y, Wang X. Targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:165. [PMID: 33276800 PMCID: PMC7716495 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 660] [Impact Index Per Article: 165.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway facilitates cancer stem cell renewal, cell proliferation and differentiation, thus exerting crucial roles in tumorigenesis and therapy response. Accumulated investigations highlight the therapeutic potential of agents targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cancer. Wnt ligand/ receptor interface, β-catenin destruction complex and TCF/β-catenin transcription complex are key components of the cascade and have been targeted with interventions in preclinical and clinical evaluations. This scoping review aims at outlining the latest progress on the current approaches and perspectives of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway targeted therapy in various cancer types. Better understanding of the updates on the inhibitors, antagonists and activators of Wnt/β-catenin pathway rationalizes innovative strategies for personalized cancer treatment. Further investigations are warranted to confirm precise and secure targeted agents and achieve optimal use with clinical benefits in malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,School of medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 250021, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,School of medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 250021, China.
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Xue B, Dai K, Zhang X, Wang S, Li C, Zhao C, Yang X, Xi Z, Qiu Z, Shen Z, Wang J. Low-concentration of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) in drinking water perturbs the health-associated gut microbiome and metabolic profile in rats. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127067. [PMID: 32544817 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) is one of the emerging nitrogenous disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water. However, its potential toxicological effects remain poorly understood, especially at a low concentration found in the environment. In the present study, we investigated whether the consumption of low-concentration DCAN through drinking water would produce significant effects in male SD rats, with particular focus on their physiological traits and changes in their gut microbiome and metabolite profiles. After a 4-weeks DCAN intervention, significant changes were observed in the body weight, blood indices, and histology in DCAN-treated (100 μg/L) group. Proteobacteria was relatively less abundant in 20 and 100 μg/L DCAN-treated groups compared with that in the control group at phylum level. At genus level, Parasutterella and Anaerotruncus were significantly less abundant in both 20 and 100 μg/L DCAN-treated groups than that in the control group. Furthermore, the gut microbiota-related metabolites were dramatically perturbed after DCAN consumption. In the 20 and 100 μg/L DCAN-treated groups, there were 48 and 95 altered metabolites, respectively, and were found to be involved in sphingolipid signaling pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. In summary, we demonstrated that consumption of low-concentration DCAN through drinking water could impair host health and induce gut microbiota dysbiosis and gut microflora-related metabolic disorders in male SD rats. Our findings highlight the potential toxicity of low-concentration DBPs and provide new insight into potential causal relationship between low concentration DBPs found in the drinking water and the host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xue
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Tianjin Rehabilitation Center, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Zhigang Qiu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China.
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China.
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Qi X, Lin Y, Liu X, Chen J, Shen B. Biomarker Discovery for the Carcinogenic Heterogeneity Between Colon and Rectal Cancers Based on lncRNA-Associated ceRNA Network Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:535985. [PMID: 33194594 PMCID: PMC7662689 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.535985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Emerging evidence has revealed that risk factors and metastatic patterns differ greatly between colon and rectal cancers. However, the molecular mechanism underlying their pathogenic differences remains unclear. Therefore, we here aimed to identify non-coding RNA biomarkers based on lncRNA-associated ceRNA network (LceNET) to elucidate the carcinogenic heterogeneity between colon and rectal cancers. Methods A global LceNET in human was constructed by employing experimental evidence-based miRNA-mRNA and miRNA-lncRNA interactions. Then, four context-specific ceRNA networks related to cancer initiation and metastasis were extracted by mapping differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs to the global LceNET. Notably, a novel network-based bioinformatics model was proposed and applied to identify lncRNA/miRNA biomarkers and critical ceRNA triplets for understanding the carcinogenic heterogeneity between colon and rectal cancers. Moreover, the identified biomarkers were further validated by their diagnostic/prognostic performance, expression pattern and correlation analysis. Results Based on network modeling, lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 (AUC>0.85) and SNHG1 (AUC>0.94) were unveiled as common diagnostic biomarkers for the initiation and metastasis of colon and rectal cancers. qRT-PCR analysis uncovered that these lncRNAs had significantly higher expression level in CRC cell lines with high metastatic potential. In particular, KCNQ1OT1 and SNHG1 function in colon and rectal cancers via different ceRNA mechanisms. For example, KCNQ1OT1/miR-484/ANKRD36 axis was involved in the initiation of colon cancer, while KCNQ1OT1/miR-181a-5p/PCGF2 axis was implicated in the metastasis of rectal cancer; the SNHG1/miR-484/ORC6 axis played a role in colon cancer, while SNHG1/miR-423-5p/EZH2 and SNHG1/let-7b-5p/ATP6V1F axes participated in the initiation and metastasis of rectal cancer, respectively. In these ceRNA triplets, miR-484, miR-181a-5p, miR-423-5p and let-7b-5p were identified as miRNA biomarkers with excellent distinguishing ability between normal and tumor tissues, and ANKRD36, PCGF2, EZH2 and ATP6V1F were closely related to the prognosis of corresponding cancer. Conclusion The landscape of lncRNA-associated ceRNA network not only facilitates the exploration of non-coding RNA biomarkers, but also provides deep insights into the oncogenetic heterogeneity between colon and rectal cancers, thereby contributing to the optimization of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China.,Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Lin
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xingyun Liu
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Rappaport JA, Waldman SA. An update on guanylyl cyclase C in the diagnosis, chemoprevention, and treatment of colorectal cancer. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020; 13:1125-1137. [PMID: 32945718 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1826304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Colorectal cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States, underscoring the need for novel therapies. Despite the successes of new targeted agents for other cancers, colorectal cancer suffers from a relative scarcity of actionable biomarkers. In this context, the intestinal receptor, guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C), has emerged as a promising target.Areas covered: GUCY2C regulates a tumor-suppressive signaling axis that is silenced through loss of its endogenous ligands at the earliest stages of tumorigenesis. A body of literature supports a cancer chemoprevention strategy involving reactivation of GUCY2C through FDA-approved cGMP-elevating agents such as linaclotide, plecanatide, and sildenafil. Its limited expression in extra-intestinal tissues, and retention on the surface of cancer cells, also positions GUCY2C as a target for immunotherapies to treat metastatic disease, including vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, and antibody-drug conjugates. Likewise, GUCY2C mRNA identifies metastatic cells, enhancing colorectal cancer detection, and staging. Pre-clinical and clinical programs exploring these GUCY2C-targeting strategies will be reviewed.Expert opinion: Recent mechanistic insights characterizing GUCY2C ligand loss early in tumorigenesis, coupled with results from the first clinical trials testing GUCY2C-targeting strategies, continue to elevate GUCY2C as an ideal target for prevention, detection, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Rappaport
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott A Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Ruan Y, Kim HN, Ogana H, Kim YM. Wnt Signaling in Leukemia and Its Bone Marrow Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176247. [PMID: 32872365 PMCID: PMC7503842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is an aggressive hematologic neoplastic disease. Therapy-resistant leukemic stem cells (LSCs) may contribute to the relapse of the disease. LSCs are thought to be protected in the leukemia microenvironment, mainly consisting of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC), endothelial cells, and osteoblasts. Canonical and noncanonical Wnt pathways play a critical role in the maintenance of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and LSCs. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the role of Wnt signaling in leukemia and its microenvironment and provide information on the currently available strategies for targeting Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (Y.R.); (H.N.K.); (H.O.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hye Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (Y.R.); (H.N.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Heather Ogana
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (Y.R.); (H.N.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Yong-Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (Y.R.); (H.N.K.); (H.O.)
- Correspondence:
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Muniyan S, Rachagani S, Parte S, Halder S, Seshacharyulu P, Kshirsagar P, Siddiqui JA, Vengoji R, Rauth S, Islam R, Mallya K, Datta K, Xi L, Das A, Teply BA, Kukreja RC, Batra SK. Sildenafil Potentiates the Therapeutic Efficacy of Docetaxel in Advanced Prostate Cancer by Stimulating NO-cGMP Signaling. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:5720-5734. [PMID: 32847934 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Docetaxel plays an indispensable role in the management of advanced prostate cancer. However, more than half of patients do not respond to docetaxel, and those good responders frequently experience significant cumulative toxicity, which limits its dose duration and intensity. Hence, a second agent that could increase the initial efficacy of docetaxel and maintain tolerability at biologically effective doses may improve outcomes for patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We determined phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) expression levels in human and genetically engineered mouse (GEM) prostate tissues and tumor-derived cell lines. Furthermore, we investigated the therapeutic benefits and underlying mechanism of PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil in combination with docetaxel using in vitro, Pten conditional knockout (cKO), derived tumoroid and xenograft prostate cancer models. RESULTS PDE5 expression was higher in both human and mouse prostate tumors and cancer cell lines compared with normal tissues/cells. In GEM prostate-derived cell lines, PDE5 expression increased from normal prostate (wild-type) epithelial cells to androgen-dependent and castrated prostate-derived cell lines. The addition of physiologically achievable concentrations of sildenafil enhanced docetaxel-induced prostate cancer cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in vitro, reduced murine 3D tumoroid growth, and in vivo tumorigenicity as compared with docetaxel alone. Furthermore, sildenafil enhanced docetaxel-induced NO and cGMP levels thereby augmenting antitumor activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that sildenafil's addition could sensitize docetaxel chemotherapy in prostate cancer cells at much lesser concentration than needed for inducing cell death. Thus, the combinatorial treatment of sildenafil and docetaxel may improve anticancer efficacy and reduce chemotherapy-induced side-effects among patients with advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Muniyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Seema Parte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Sushanta Halder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | | | - Prakash Kshirsagar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jawed A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Raghupathy Vengoji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Sanchita Rauth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Ridwan Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Lei Xi
- Pauley Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Anindita Das
- Pauley Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Benjamin A Teply
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Rakesh C Kukreja
- Pauley Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska. .,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.,Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Piazza GA, Ward A, Chen X, Maxuitenko Y, Coley A, Aboelella NS, Buchsbaum DJ, Boyd MR, Keeton AB, Zhou G. PDE5 and PDE10 inhibition activates cGMP/PKG signaling to block Wnt/β-catenin transcription, cancer cell growth, and tumor immunity. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1521-1527. [PMID: 32562844 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous reports conclude that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have anticancer activity, this common drug class is not recommended for long-term use because of potentially fatal toxicities from cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition. Studies suggest the mechanism responsible for the anticancer activity of the NSAID sulindac is unrelated to COX inhibition but instead involves an off-target, phosphodiesterase (PDE). Thus, it might be feasible develop safer and more efficacious drugs for cancer indications by targeting PDE5 and PDE10, which are overexpressed in various tumors and essential for cancer cell growth. In this review, we describe the rationale for using the sulindac scaffold to design-out COX inhibitory activity, while improving potency and selectivity to inhibit PDE5 and PDE10 that activate cGMP/PKG signaling to suppress Wnt/β-catenin transcription, cancer cell growth, and tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary A Piazza
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
| | - Antonio Ward
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Yulia Maxuitenko
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Alex Coley
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | | | - Donald J Buchsbaum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Adam B Keeton
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA
| | - Gang Zhou
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Kirtonia A, Gala K, Fernandes SG, Pandya G, Pandey AK, Sethi G, Khattar E, Garg M. Repurposing of drugs: An attractive pharmacological strategy for cancer therapeutics. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 68:258-278. [PMID: 32380233 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human malignancies are one of the major health-related issues though out the world and anticipated to rise in the future. The development of novel drugs/agents requires a huge amount of cost and time that represents a major challenge for drug discovery. In the last three decades, the number of FDA approved drugs has dropped down and this led to increasing interest in drug reposition or repurposing. The present review focuses on recent concepts and therapeutic opportunities for the utilization of antidiabetics, antibiotics, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antipsychotic, PDE inhibitors and estrogen receptor antagonist, Antabuse, antiparasitic and cardiovascular agents/drugs as an alternative approach against human malignancies. The repurposing of approved non-cancerous drugs is an effective strategy to develop new therapeutic options for the treatment of cancer patients at an affordable cost in clinics. In the current scenario, most of the countries throughout the globe are unable to meet the medical needs of cancer patients because of the high cost of the available cancerous drugs. Some of these drugs displayed potential anti-cancer activity in preclinic and clinical studies by regulating several key molecular mechanisms and oncogenic pathways in human malignancies. The emerging pieces of evidence indicate that repurposing of drugs is crucial to the faster and cheaper discovery of anti-cancerous drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Kirtonia
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India; Equal contribution
| | - Kavita Gala
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Vile Parle West, Mumbai, 400056, India; Equal contribution
| | - Stina George Fernandes
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Vile Parle West, Mumbai, 400056, India; Equal contribution
| | - Gouri Pandya
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India; Equal contribution
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Haryana, 122413, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Ekta Khattar
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Vile Parle West, Mumbai, 400056, India.
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India.
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Neumeyer S, Popanda O, Butterbach K, Edelmann D, Bläker H, Toth C, Roth W, Herpel E, Jäkel C, Schmezer P, Benner A, Burwinkel B, Hoffmeister M, Brenner H, Chang-Claude J. DNA methylation profiling to explore colorectal tumor differences according to menopausal hormone therapy use in women. Epigenomics 2019; 11:1765-1778. [PMID: 31755748 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has been associated with a reduced risk for colorectal cancer, but mechanisms underlying this relationship are not well understood. In the colon, MHT appears to act through estrogen receptor β (ERβ) which may influence DNA methylation by binding to DNA. Using genome-wide methylation profiling data, we aimed to identify genes that may be differentially methylated according to MHT use. Materials & methods: DNA methylation was measured using Illumina HumanMethylation450k arrays in two independent tumor sample sets of colorectal cancer patients. Differential methylation was determined using R/limma. Results: In the discovery analysis, two CpG sites showed differential DNA methylation according to MHT use, both were not replicated. In stratified analyses, 342 CpG sites were associated with current MHT use only in ERβ-positive tumors. Conclusion: The suggestive findings of differential methylation according to current MHT use in ERβ-positive tumors warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Neumeyer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Odilia Popanda
- Division of Epigenomics & Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Butterbach
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Clinical Epidemiology & Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominic Edelmann
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bläker
- Institute of Pathology, Charité University Medicine, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Csaba Toth
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Roth
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Esther Herpel
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,NCT Tissue Bank, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Jäkel
- Division of Epigenomics & Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schmezer
- Division of Epigenomics & Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Axel Benner
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 440, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology & Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology & Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) & National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Genetic Tumour Epidemiology Group, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 54, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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Chen S, Lv L, Zhan Z, Wang X, You Z, Luo X, You H. Silencing of long noncoding RNA SRRM2-AS exerts suppressive effects on angiogenesis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via activating MYLK-mediated cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:7757-7768. [PMID: 31742692 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in several malignances, involving nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a heterogeneous disease. This study investigated mechanism of serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein 2-alternative splicing (SRRM2-AS) in NPC cell proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis. Initially, differentially expressed lncRNAs were screened out via microarray analysis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein positive rate and microvessel density (MVD) were determined in NPC and adjacent tissues. NPC CNE-2 cells were treated with a series of vector and small interfering RNA to explore the effect of SRRM2-AS in NPC. The target relationship between myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) and SRRM2-AS was verified. Levels of SRRM2-AS, MYLK, cGMP, PKG, VEGF, PCNA, Ki-67, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and Caspase 3 were determined after transfection. Finally, the effect of SRRM2-AS on cell proliferation, colony formation, angiogenesis, cell cycle, and apoptosis in NPC was evaluated. SRRM2-AS was highly expressed and MYLK was poorly expressed in NPC tissues. VEGF protein positive rate and MVD were elevated in NPC tissues. MYLK was confirmed to be a target gene of SRRM2-AS. Silencing of SRRM2-AS elevated levels of MYLK, cGMP, PKG, Bax, and Caspase 3, but decreased levels of VEGF, PCNA, Ki-67, and Bcl-2. Especially, silencing of SRRM2-AS suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and angiogenesis, blocked cell cycle, and enhanced cell apoptosis in NPC. Our results suggested that silencing of SRRM2-AS protected against angiogenesis of NPC cells by upregulating MYLK and activating the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, which provides a new target for NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Linrong Lv
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaolang Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenyu You
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haoyuan You
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Zhang S, Li M, Xia W, Fan J, Wang J, Li Y, Li Y, Wang H, Dong C, Ma D, Guo J, Peng X. Imaging and Inhibiting: A Dual Function Molecular Flare for Cancer Cells. Anal Chem 2019; 91:13501-13507. [PMID: 31571476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt pathway is dysregulated and activated in many human malignancies. More than 90% of colon cancers have variations in the Wnt pathway. Sulindac, a drug that targets protein Dvl of the Wnt/Dvl/β-catenin pathway, which regulates cancer gene expression, has been reported to significantly reduce the incidence and the risk of death from colorectal cancer and other types of cancer. Herein, a dual functional compound (SLN) containing Sulindac and a linked fluorophore is first reported, combining the functions of lighting up colon cancer cells as a flare and inhibiting colon tumors as a drug. SLN can not only mark the Dvl protein in the Wnt pathway to recognize tumors layer by layer but also achieve effective inhibition of colon cancer, providing a promising reagent for chemotherapy and a fluorescent indicator for surgery during the removal the colon tumors in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangzhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , PR China
| | - Miao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , PR China
| | - Wenxi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , PR China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , PR China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , PR China
| | - Yueqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , PR China
| | - Yachen Li
- Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health , Dalian Medical University , Dalian 116044 , PR China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian 116000 , PR China
| | - Chengyong Dong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian 116000 , PR China
| | - Dandan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , PR China
| | - Jianli Guo
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , PR China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , PR China
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HDAC3 Activity is Essential for Human Leukemic Cell Growth and the Expression of β-catenin, MYC, and WT1. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101436. [PMID: 31561534 PMCID: PMC6826998 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is unsatisfactory. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are active against leukemic cells in vitro and in vivo. Clinical data suggest further testing of such epigenetic drugs and to identify mechanisms and markers for their efficacy. Primary and permanent AML cells were screened for viability, replication stress/DNA damage, and regrowth capacities after single exposures to the clinically used pan-HDACi panobinostat (LBH589), the class I HDACi entinostat/romidepsin (MS-275/FK228), the HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966, the HDAC6 inhibitor marbostat-100, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) indomethacin, and the replication stress inducer hydroxyurea (HU). Immunoblotting was used to test if HDACi modulate the leukemia-associated transcription factors β-catenin, Wilms tumor (WT1), and myelocytomatosis oncogene (MYC). RNAi was used to delineate how these factors interact. We show that LBH589, MS-275, FK228, RGFP966, and HU induce apoptosis, replication stress/DNA damage, and apoptotic fragmentation of β-catenin. Indomethacin destabilizes β-catenin and potentiates anti-proliferative effects of HDACi. HDACi attenuate WT1 and MYC caspase-dependently and -independently. Genetic experiments reveal a cross-regulation between MYC and WT1 and a regulation of β-catenin by WT1. In conclusion, reduced levels of β-catenin, MYC, and WT1 are molecular markers for the efficacy of HDACi. HDAC3 inhibition induces apoptosis and disrupts tumor-associated protein expression.
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Low Expression of hsa_circ_0018069 in Human Bladder Cancer and Its Clinical Significance. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9681863. [PMID: 30984788 PMCID: PMC6431508 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9681863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of noncoding RNA molecules such as circRNA plays an important role in the development of malignant tumors. circRNAs are stable in structure and can be useful as ideal tumor markers. Advanced bladder cancer has poor treatment options and prognosis. Thus, we examined circRNAs to further understand the pathogenesis and development of bladder cancer and to identify molecular markers for the early diagnosis of bladder carcinoma. We found that hsa_circ_0018069 was differentially expressed in our RNA sequencing data. We used qRT-PCR to detect its expression in T24 and Biu-87 cell lines and in 41 paired samples of bladder cancer and adjacent normal tissue and analyzed the correlation between expression of hsa_circ_0018069 and the clinical characteristics of patients with bladder cancer. We then performed a bioinformatics analysis to reveal the mechanism of hsa_circ_0018069 in tumorigenesis of bladder cancer. The expression of hsa_circ_0018069 was significantly reduced in T24 and Biu-87 cells and was also significantly downregulated in bladder cancer tissues. Decreased expression of hsa_circ_0018069 was related to the grade stage (P=0.024), T stage (P=0.027), and muscular invasion depth (P=0.022) of bladder cancer. Bioinformatics analysis showed that hsa_circ_0018069 was coexpressed with protein-coding mRNAs that participate in cytoskeletal protein binding and cell-substrate junction assembly and play an anticancer role through focal adhesion and calcium signaling pathways. ceRNA analysis showed that hsa_circ_0018069 functions in ErbB, Ras, FoxO, and the focal adhesion signaling pathway by harboring miR-23c, miR-34a-5p, miR-181b-5p, miR-454-3p, and miR-3666. hsa_circ_0018069 may thus play an important role in the occurrence and progression of bladder cancer and serve as a valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis of this disease.
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47
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Bojková B, Kubatka P, Qaradakhi T, Zulli A, Kajo K. Melatonin May Increase Anticancer Potential of Pleiotropic Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3910. [PMID: 30563247 PMCID: PMC6320927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is not only a pineal hormone, but also an ubiquitary molecule present in plants and part of our diet. Numerous preclinical and some clinical reports pointed to its multiple beneficial effects including oncostatic properties, and as such, it has become one of the most aspiring goals in cancer prevention/therapy. A link between cancer and inflammation and/or metabolic disorders has been well established and the therapy of these conditions with so-called pleiotropic drugs, which include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins and peroral antidiabetics, modulates a cancer risk too. Adjuvant therapy with melatonin may improve the oncostatic potential of these drugs. Results from preclinical studies are limited though support this hypothesis, which, however, remains to be verified by further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Bojková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárová 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 4, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic.
- Department of Experimental Carcinogenesis, Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 4C, 036 01 Martin, Slovak Republic.
| | - Tawar Qaradakhi
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
| | - Karol Kajo
- St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute, Heydukova 10, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Yarla NS, Gali H, Pathuri G, Smriti S, Farooqui M, Panneerselvam J, Kumar G, Madka V, Rao CV. Targeting the paracrine hormone-dependent guanylate cyclase/cGMP/phosphodiesterases signaling pathway for colorectal cancer prevention. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 56:168-174. [PMID: 30189250 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related-deaths. The risk of development of CRC is complex and multifactorial, and includes disruption of homeostasis of the intestinal epithelial layer mediated though dysregulations of tumor suppressing/promoting signaling pathways. Guanylate cyclase 2C (GUCY2C), a membrane-bound guanylate cyclase receptor, is present in the apical membranes of intestinal epithelial cells and maintains homeostasis. GUCY2C is activated upon binding of paracrine hormones (guanylin and uroguanylin) that lead to formation of cyclic GMP from GTP and activation of downstream signaling pathways that are associated with normal homeostasis. Dysregulation/suppression of the GUCY2C-mediated signaling promotes CRC tumorigenesis. High-calorie diet-induced obesity is associated with deficiency of guanylin expression and silencing of GUCY2C-signaling in colon epithelial cells, leading to tumorigenesis. Thus, GUCY2C agonists, such as linaclotide, exhibit considerable role in preventing CRC tumorigenesis. However, phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are elevated in intestinal epithelial cells during CRC tumorigenesis and block GUCY2C-mediated signaling by degrading cyclic GMP to 5`-GMP. PDE5-specific inhibitors, such as sildenafil, show considerable anti-tumorigenic potential against CRC by amplifying the GUCY2C/cGMP signaling pathway, but cannot achieve complete anti-tumorigenic effects. Hence, dual targeting the elevation of cGMP by providing paracrine hormone stimuli to GUCY2C and by inhibition of PDEs may be a better strategy for CRC prevention than alone. This review delineates the involvement of the GUCY2C/cGMP/PDEs signaling pathway in the homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells. Further, the events are associated with dysregulation of this pathway during CRC tumorigenesis are also discussed. In addition, current updates on targeting the GUCY2C/cGMP/PDEs pathway with GUCY2C agonists and PDEs inhibitors for CRC prevention and treatment are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Yarla
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Section, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - H Gali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, and Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - G Pathuri
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Section, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - S Smriti
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Section, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - M Farooqui
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Section, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - J Panneerselvam
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Section, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - G Kumar
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Section, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - V Madka
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Section, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - C V Rao
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Department of Medicine, Hematology-Oncology Section, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Rappaport JA, Waldman SA. The Guanylate Cyclase C-cGMP Signaling Axis Opposes Intestinal Epithelial Injury and Neoplasia. Front Oncol 2018; 8:299. [PMID: 30131940 PMCID: PMC6091576 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanylate cyclase C (GUCY2C) is a transmembrane receptor expressed on the luminal aspect of the intestinal epithelium. Its ligands include bacterial heat-stable enterotoxins responsible for traveler's diarrhea, the endogenous peptide hormones uroguanylin and guanylin, and the synthetic agents, linaclotide, plecanatide, and dolcanatide. Ligand-activated GUCY2C catalyzes the synthesis of intracellular cyclic GMP (cGMP), initiating signaling cascades underlying homeostasis of the intestinal epithelium. Mouse models of GUCY2C ablation, and recently, human populations harboring GUCY2C mutations, have revealed the diverse contributions of this signaling axis to epithelial health, including regulating fluid secretion, microbiome composition, intestinal barrier integrity, epithelial renewal, cell cycle progression, responses to DNA damage, epithelial-mesenchymal cross-talk, cell migration, and cellular metabolic status. Because of these wide-ranging roles, dysregulation of the GUCY2C-cGMP signaling axis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of bowel transit disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal cancer. This review explores the current understanding of cGMP signaling in the intestinal epithelium and mechanisms by which it opposes intestinal injury. Particular focus will be applied to its emerging role in tumor suppression. In colorectal tumors, endogenous GUCY2C ligand expression is lost by a yet undefined mechanism conserved in mice and humans. Further, reconstitution of GUCY2C signaling through genetic or oral ligand replacement opposes tumorigenesis in mice. Taken together, these findings suggest an intriguing hypothesis that colorectal cancer arises in a microenvironment of functional GUCY2C inactivation, which can be repaired by oral ligand replacement. Hence, the GUCY2C signaling axis represents a novel therapeutic target for preventing colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Rappaport
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Scott A Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Abstract
Aim: Experimental and epidemiological studies and clinical trials suggest that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs possess antitumor potential. Sulindac, a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, can prevent adenomatous colorectal polyps and colon cancer, especially in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Sulindac sulfide amide (SSA) is an amide-linked sulindac sulfide analog that showed in vivo antitumor activity in a human colon tumor xenograft model. Results/methodology: A new analog series with heterocyclic rings such as oxazole or thiazole at the C-2 position of sulindac was prepared and screened against prostate, colon and breast cancer cell lines to probe the effect of these novel substitutions on the activity of sulindac analogs. Conclusion: In general, replacement of the amide function of SSA analogs had a negative impact on the cell lines tested. A small number of hits incorporating rigid oxazole or thiazole groups in the sulindac scaffold in place of the amide linkage show comparable activity to our lead agent SSA.
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