1
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Jin J, Barnett JD, Mironchik Y, Gross J, Kobayashi H, Levin A, Bhujwalla ZM. Photoimmunotheranostics of epithelioid sarcoma by targeting CD44 or EGFR. Transl Oncol 2024; 45:101966. [PMID: 38663219 PMCID: PMC11063645 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare soft tissue neoplasm with high recurrence rates. Wide surgical resection remains the only potential curative treatment. ES presents most commonly on the fingers, hands and forearm, making light-based cancer cell-targeted therapies such as near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) that is target-specific, but with limited penetration depth, suitable for ES treatment. We established that CD44 and EGFR were overexpressed in ES patient samples and in the VA-ES-BJ human ES cell line. NIR-PIT of VA-ES-BJ cells using antibody photosensitizer conjugates, prepared by conjugating a CD44 or EGFR monoclonal antibody to the photosensitizer IR700, confirmed that NIR-PIT with both conjugates resulted in cell death. Neither treatment with NIR light alone nor treatment with the conjugates but without NIR light were effective. CD44-IR700-PIT resulted in greater cell death than EGFR-IR700-PIT, consistent with the increased expression of CD44 by VA-ES-BJ cells. In tumors, EGFR-IR700 exhibited a higher tumor-to-normal ratio, as determined by in vivo fluorescence imaging, and a higher anti-tumor growth effect, compared to CD44-IR700. No antitumor effect of the EGFR antibody or the photosensitizer conjugate alone was observed in vivo. Our data support evaluating the use of EGFR-IR700-PIT in the management of ES for detecting and eliminating ES cells in surgical margins, and in the treatment of superficial recurrent tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefu Jin
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - James D Barnett
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yelena Mironchik
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Gross
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Theranostics, Molecular Imaging Branch, NCI/NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adam Levin
- Orthopaedic Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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2
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Near Infrared Photoimmunotherapy: A Review of Recent Progress and Their Target Molecules for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032655. [PMID: 36768976 PMCID: PMC9916513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed molecular targeted cancer treatment, which selectively kills cancer cells or immune-regulatory cells and induces therapeutic host immune responses by administrating a cancer targeting moiety conjugated with IRdye700. The local exposure to near-infrared (NIR) light causes a photo-induced ligand release reaction, which causes damage to the target cell, resulting in immunogenic cell death (ICD) with little or no side effect to the surrounding normal cells. Moreover, NIR-PIT can generate an immune response in distant metastases and inhibit further cancer attack by combing cancer cells targeting NIR-PIT and immune regulatory cells targeting NIR-PIT or other cancer treatment modalities. Several recent improvements in NIR-PIT have been explored such as catheter-driven NIR light delivery, real-time monitoring of cancer, and the development of new target molecule, leading to NIR-PIT being considered as a promising cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss the progress of NIR-PIT, their mechanism and design strategies for cancer treatment. Furthermore, the overall possible targeting molecules for NIR-PIT with their application for cancer treatment are briefly summarised.
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3
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Zhang X, Yu F, Wang Z, Jiang T, Song X, Yu F. Fluorescence probes for lung carcinoma diagnosis and clinical application. SENSORS & DIAGNOSTICS 2023; 2:1077-1096. [DOI: 10.1039/d3sd00029j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the most recent developments in fluorescence probe technology for the accurate detection and clinical therapy of lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Hainan Bio-Smart Materials and Bio-Medical Devices, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Zhenkai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Hainan Bio-Smart Materials and Bio-Medical Devices, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Tongmeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Hainan Bio-Smart Materials and Bio-Medical Devices, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Xinyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medicine University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Hainan Bio-Smart Materials and Bio-Medical Devices, Key Laboratory of Hainan Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
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4
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Wei D, Qi J, Hamblin MR, Wen X, Jiang X, Yang H. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy: design and potential applications for cancer treatment and beyond. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:7108-7131. [PMID: 36276636 PMCID: PMC9576624 DOI: 10.7150/thno.74820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer treatment modality based on a target-specific photosensitizer conjugate (TSPC) composed of an NIR phthalocyanine photosensitizer and an antigen-specific recognition system. NIR-PIT has predominantly been used for targeted therapy of tumors via local irradiation with NIR light, following binding of TSPC to antigen-expressing cells. Physical stress-induced membrane damage is thought to be a major mechanism underlying NIR-PIT-triggered photokilling. Notably, NIR-PIT can rapidly induce immunogenic cell death and activate the adaptive immune response, thereby enabling its combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, NIR-PIT-triggered “super-enhanced permeability and retention” effects can enhance drug delivery into tumors. Supported by its potential efficacy and safety, NIR-PIT is a rapidly developing therapeutic option for various cancers. Hence, this review seeks to provide an update on the (i) broad range of target molecules suitable for NIR-PIT, (ii) various types of receptor-selective ligands for designing the TSPC “magic bullet,” (iii) NIR light parameters, and (iv) strategies for enhancing the efficacy of NIR-PIT. Moreover, we review the potential application of NIR-PIT, including the specific design and efficacy in 19 different cancer types, and its clinical studies. Finally, we summarize possible NIR-PIT applications in noncancerous conditions, including infection, pain, itching, metabolic disease, autoimmune disease, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Wei
- Department of Dermatology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,NHC Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Organ Transplant Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinxin Qi
- Department of Dermatology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Xiang Wen
- Department of Dermatology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Laboratory of Dermatology, Clinical Institute of Inflammation and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Yang
- NHC Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Organ Transplant Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Chengdu 610041, China.,Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Pathology in Clinical Application, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
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5
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Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. NIR-PIT: Will it become a standard cancer treatment? Front Oncol 2022; 12:1008162. [PMID: 36185287 PMCID: PMC9523356 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1008162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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6
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Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy for Thoracic Cancers: A Translational Perspective. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071662. [PMID: 35884975 PMCID: PMC9312913 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The conventional treatment of thoracic tumors includes surgery, anticancer drugs, radiation, and cancer immunotherapy. Light therapy for thoracic tumors has long been used as an alternative; conventional light therapy also called photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used mainly for early-stage lung cancer. Recently, near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT), which is a completely different concept from conventional PDT, has been developed and approved in Japan for the treatment of recurrent and previously treated head and neck cancer because of its specificity and effectiveness. NIR-PIT can apply to any target by changing to different antigens. In recent years, it has become clear that various specific and promising targets are highly expressed in thoracic tumors. In combination with these various specific targets, NIR-PIT is expected to be an ideal therapeutic approach for thoracic tumors. Additionally, techniques are being developed to further develop NIR-PIT for clinical practice. In this review, NIR-PIT is introduced, and its potential therapeutic applications for thoracic cancers are described.
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7
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Fukushima H, Turkbey B, Pinto PA, Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) in Urologic Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122996. [PMID: 35740662 PMCID: PMC9221010 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a novel molecularly-targeted therapy that selectively kills cancer cells by systemically injecting an antibody-photoabsorber conjugate (APC) that binds to cancer cells, followed by the application of NIR light that drives photochemical transformations of the APC. APCs are synthesized by selecting a monoclonal antibody that binds to a receptor on a cancer cell and conjugating it to IRDye700DX silica-phthalocyanine dye. Approximately 24 h after APC administration, NIR light is delivered to the tumor, resulting in nearly-immediate necrotic cell death of cancer cells while causing no harm to normal tissues. In addition, NIR-PIT induces a strong immunologic effect, activating anti-cancer immunity that can be further boosted when combined with either immune checkpoint inhibitors or immune suppressive cell-targeted (e.g., regulatory T cells) NIR-PIT. Currently, a global phase III study of NIR-PIT in recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is ongoing. The first APC and NIR laser systems were approved for clinical use in September 2020 in Japan. In the near future, the clinical applications of NIR-PIT will expand to other cancers, including urologic cancers. In this review, we provide an overview of NIR-PIT and its possible applications in urologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Fukushima
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (H.F.); (B.T.); (A.F.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Baris Turkbey
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (H.F.); (B.T.); (A.F.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Peter A. Pinto
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (H.F.); (B.T.); (A.F.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (H.F.); (B.T.); (A.F.); (P.L.C.)
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (H.F.); (B.T.); (A.F.); (P.L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-240-858-3069; Fax: +1-240-541-4527
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8
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Furumoto H, Kato T, Wakiyama H, Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Endoscopic Applications of Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) in Cancers of the Digestive and Respiratory Tracts. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040846. [PMID: 35453596 PMCID: PMC9027987 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed and promising therapy that specifically destroys target cells by irradiating antibody-photo-absorber conjugates (APCs) with NIR light. APCs bind to target molecules on the cell surface, and when exposed to NIR light, cause disruption of the cell membrane due to the ligand release reaction and dye aggregation. This leads to rapid cell swelling, blebbing, and rupture, which leads to immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD activates host antitumor immunity, which assists in killing still viable cancer cells in the treated lesion but is also capable of producing responses in untreated lesions. In September 2020, an APC and laser system were conditionally approved for clinical use in unresectable advanced head and neck cancer in Japan, and are now routine in appropriate patients. However, most tumors have been relatively accessible in the oral cavity or neck. Endoscopes offer the opportunity to deliver light deeper within hollow organs of the body. In recent years, the application of endoscopic therapy as an alternative to surgery for the treatment of cancer has expanded, providing significant benefits to inoperable patients. In this review, we will discuss the potential applications of endoscopic NIR-PIT, especially in thoracic and gastrointestinal cancers.
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Mussini A, Uriati E, Bianchini P, Diaspro A, Cavanna L, Abbruzzetti S, Viappiani C. Targeted photoimmunotherapy for cancer. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:126-147. [PMID: 35304984 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved procedure that can exert a curative action against malignant cells. The treatment implies the administration of a photoactive molecular species that, upon absorption of visible or near infrared light, sensitizes the formation of reactive oxygen species. These species are cytotoxic and lead to tumor cell death, damage vasculature, and induce inflammation. Clinical investigations demonstrated that PDT is curative and does not compromise other treatment options. One of the major limitations of the original method was the low selectivity of the photoactive compounds for malignant over healthy tissues. The development of conjugates with antibodies has endowed photosensitizing molecules with targeting capability, so that the compounds are delivered with unprecedented precision to the site of action. Given their fluorescence emission capability, these supramolecular species are intrinsically theranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mussini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Uriati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bianchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.,Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Department of Nanophysics, Nanoscopy, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Cavanna
- Dipartimento di Oncologia-Ematologia, Azienda USL di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università Degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
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Ulfo L, Costantini PE, Di Giosia M, Danielli A, Calvaresi M. EGFR-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020241. [PMID: 35213974 PMCID: PMC8879084 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a pivotal role in the proliferation and metastatization of cancer cells. Aberrancies in the expression and activation of EGFR are hallmarks of many human malignancies. As such, EGFR-targeted therapies hold significant potential for the cure of cancers. In recent years, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained increased interest as a non-invasive cancer treatment. In PDT, a photosensitizer is excited by light to produce reactive oxygen species, resulting in local cytotoxicity. One of the critical aspects of PDT is to selectively transport enough photosensitizers to the tumors environment. Accordingly, an increasing number of strategies have been devised to foster EGFR-targeted PDT. Herein, we review the recent nanobiotechnological advancements that combine the promise of PDT with EGFR-targeted molecular cancer therapy. We recapitulate the chemistry of the sensitizers and their modes of action in PDT, and summarize the advantages and pitfalls of different targeting moieties, highlighting future perspectives for EGFR-targeted photodynamic treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ulfo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.U.); (P.E.C.)
| | - Paolo Emidio Costantini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.U.); (P.E.C.)
| | - Matteo Di Giosia
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Alberto Danielli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.U.); (P.E.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (M.C.)
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.D.); (M.C.)
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Russo I, Fagotto L, Colombo A, Sartor E, Luisetto R, Alaibac M. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy for the treatment of skin disorders. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 22:509-517. [PMID: 34860146 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2022.2012147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a novel molecularly targeted phototherapy. This technique is based on a conjugate of a near-infrared photo-inducible molecule (antibody-photon absorber conjugate, APC) and a monoclonal antibody that targets a tumor-specific antigen. To date, this novel approach has been successfully applied to several types of cancer. AREAS COVERED The authors discuss the possible use of NIR-PIT for the management of skin diseases, with special attention given to squamous cell carcinomas, advanced melanomas, and primary cutaneous lymphomas. EXPERT OPINION NIR-PIT may be an attractive strategy for the treatment of skin disorders. The main advantage of NIR-PIT therapy is its low toxicity to healthy tissues. Cutaneous lymphocyte antigen is a potential molecular target for NIR-PIT for both cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Russo
- Unit of Dermatology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Fagotto
- Unit of Dermatology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Colombo
- Unit of Dermatology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Emma Sartor
- Unit of Dermatology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Luisetto
- DISCOG-Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mauro Alaibac
- Unit of Dermatology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
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12
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Matsuoka K, Sato M, Sato K. Hurdles for the wide implementation of photoimmunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2021; 13:1427-1438. [PMID: 34693721 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a molecularly targeted treatment for cancers achieved by injecting a conjugate of IRDye700DX® (IR700), a water-soluble silicon phthalocyanine derivative in the near infrared, and a monoclonal antibody that targets cancer cell antigens. NIR-PIT is a highly specific treatment with few side effects that results in rapid immunogenic cell death. Despite it being a very effective and innovative therapy, there are a few challenges preventing full implementation in clinical practice. These include the limits of near infrared light penetration, selection of targets, concerns about tumor lysis syndrome and drug costs. However, NIR-PIT has been approved by the regulatory authorities in Japan, allowing for exploration of how to mitigate challenges while maximizing the benefits of this treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Matsuoka
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Sato
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 464-0814, Japan.,Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical & Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, Nagoya, Japan.,FOREST-Souhatsu, CREST, JST, Tokyo, 102-8666, Japan.,Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, S-YLC, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
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13
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Wakiyama H, Kato T, Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy of cancer; possible clinical applications. NANOPHOTONICS 2021; 10:3135-3151. [PMID: 36405499 PMCID: PMC9646249 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new cancer treatment that uses an antibody-photo-absorber conjugate (APC) composed of a targeting monoclonal antibody conjugated with a photoactivatable phthalocyanine-derivative dye, IRDye700DX (IR700). APCs injected into the body can bind to cancer cells where they are activated by local exposure to NIR light typically delivered by a NIR laser. NIR light alters the APC chemical conformation inducing damage to cancer cell membranes, resulting in necrotic cell death within minutes of light exposure. NIR-PIT selectivity kills cancer cells by immunogenic cell death (ICD) with minimal damage to adjacent normal cells thus, leading to rapid recovery by the patient. Moreover, since NIR-PIT induces ICD only on cancer cells, NIR-PIT initiates and activates antitumor host immunity that could be further enhanced when combined with immune checkpoint inhibition. NIR-PIT induces dramatic changes in the tumor vascularity causing the super-enhanced permeability and retention (SUPR) effect that dramatically enhances nanodrug delivery to the tumor bed. Currently, a worldwide Phase 3 study of NIR-PIT for recurrent or inoperable head and neck cancer patients is underway. In September 2020, the first APC and accompanying laser system were conditionally approved for clinical use in Japan. In this review, we introduce NIR-PIT and the SUPR effect and summarize possible applications of NIR-PIT in a variety of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Wakiyama
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Takuya Kato
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Li F, Mao C, Yeh S, Sun Y, Xin J, Shi Q, Ming X. MRP1-targeted near infrared photoimmunotherapy for drug resistant small cell lung cancer. Int J Pharm 2021; 604:120760. [PMID: 34077781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), one of the most aggressive cancers, has a high mortality rate and poor prognosis, and the clinical therapeutic outcomes of multidrug resistant SCLC are even worse. Multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1), one of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins that cause decreased drug accumulation in cancer cells, is overexpressed in drug resistant SCLC cells and could be a promising target for treating the patients suffering from this illness. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed approach for targeted cancer treatment which uses a conjugate of a monoclonal antibody and photoabosorber IR700 followed by NIR light irradiation to induce rapid cancer cell death. In the present study, an anti-MRP1 antibody (Mab) -IR700 conjugate (Mab-IR700) was synthesized, purified and used to treat chemoresistant SCLC H69AR cells that overexpressed MRP1, while non-MRP1-expressing H69 cells were used as a control. Then, the photokilling and tumor suppression effect were separately evaluated in H69AR cells both in vitro and in vivo. Higher cellular delivery of Mab-IR700 was detected in H69AR cells, whereas there was little uptake of IgG-IR700 in both H69 and H69AR cells. Due to the targeting activity of Mab, stronger photokilling effect was found both in H69AR cells and spheroids treated with Mab-IR700, while superior tumor suppression effect was also observed in the mice treated with Mab-IR700 and light illumination. Photoacoustic imaging results proved that oxygen was involved in NIR-PIT treatment, and TUNEL staining images showed the occurrence of cell apoptosis, which was also testified by HE staining. This research provides MRP1 as a novel target for PIT and presents a prospective way for treating drug resistant SCLC and, thus, should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China; Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA.
| | - Chengqiong Mao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA
| | - Stacy Yeh
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA
| | - Junbo Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Qin Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Xin Ming
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA.
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Kato T, Wakiyama H, Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Near Infrared Photoimmunotherapy; A Review of Targets for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112535. [PMID: 34064074 PMCID: PMC8196790 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer treatment that uses an antibody-photoabsorber (IRDye700DX) conjugate (APC) that is activated by NIR light irradiation. A major benefit of NIR-PIT is that only APC-bound cancer cells that are exposed to NIR light are killed by NIR-PIT; thus, minimal damage occurs in adjacent normal cells. NIR-PIT has now been applied to many cancers expressing various cell-surface target proteins using monoclonal antibodies designed to bind to them. Moreover, NIR-PIT is not limited to tumor antigens but can also be used to kill specific host cells that create immune-permissive environments in which tumors grow. Moreover, multiple targets can be treated simultaneously with NIR-PIT using a cocktail of APCs. NIR-PIT has great potential to treat a wide variety of cancers by targeting appropriate tumor cells, immune cells, or both, and can be augmented by other immunotherapies. Abstract Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer treatment that uses an antibody-photoabsorber (IRDye700DX) conjugate (APC) that is activated by NIR light irradiation. In September 2020, the first APC and laser system were conditionally approved for clinical use in Japan. A major benefit of NIR-PIT is that only APC-bound cancer cells that are exposed to NIR light are killed by NIR-PIT; thus, minimal damage occurs in adjacent normal cells. These early trials have demonstrated that in addition to direct cell killing, there is a significant therapeutic host immune response that greatly contributes to the success of the therapy. Although the first clinical use of NIR-PIT targeted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), many other targets are suitable for NIR-PIT. NIR-PIT has now been applied to many cancers expressing various cell-surface target proteins using monoclonal antibodies designed to bind to them. Moreover, NIR-PIT is not limited to tumor antigens but can also be used to kill specific host cells that create immune-permissive environments in which tumors grow. Moreover, multiple targets can be treated simultaneously with NIR-PIT using a cocktail of APCs. NIR-PIT can be used in combination with other therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, to enhance the therapeutic effect. Thus, NIR-PIT has great potential to treat a wide variety of cancers by targeting appropriate tumor cells, immune cells, or both, and can be augmented by other immunotherapies.
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Paraboschi I, Turnock S, Kramer-Marek G, Musleh L, Barisa M, Anderson J, Giuliani S. Near-InfraRed PhotoImmunoTherapy (NIR-PIT) for the local control of solid cancers: Challenges and potentials for human applications. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 161:103325. [PMID: 33836238 PMCID: PMC8177002 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-InfraRed PhotoImmunoTherapy (NIR-PIT) is a novel cancer-targeted treatment effected by a chemical conjugation between a photosensitiser (e.g. the NIR phthalocyanine dye IRDye700DX) and a cancer-targeting moiety (e.g. a monoclonal antibody, moAb). Delivery of a conjugate in vivo leads to accumulation at the tumour cell surface by binding to cell surface receptors or antigens. Upon deployment of focal NIR-light, irradiation of the conjugate results in a rapid, targeted cell death. However, the mechanisms of action to produce the cytotoxic effects have yet to be fully understood. Herein, we bring together the current knowledge of NIR-PIT from preclinical and clinical studies in a variety of cancers highlighting the key unanswered research questions. Furthermore, we discuss how to enhance the local control of solid cancers using this novel treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Paraboschi
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional & Surgical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen Turnock
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Layla Musleh
- Department of Specialist Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Marta Barisa
- Cancer Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - John Anderson
- Cancer Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK
| | - Stefano Giuliani
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional & Surgical Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Department of Specialist Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Ji Y, Jones C, Baek Y, Park GK, Kashiwagi S, Choi HS. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging in immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 167:121-134. [PMID: 32579891 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) light possesses many suitable optophysical properties for medical imaging including low autofluorescence, deep tissue penetration, and minimal light scattering, which together allow for high-resolution imaging of biological tissue. NIR imaging has proven to be a noninvasive and effective real-time imaging methodology that provides a high signal-to-background ratio compared to other potential optical imaging modalities. In response to this, the use of NIR imaging has been extensively explored in the field of immunotherapy. To date, NIR fluorescence imaging has successfully offered reliable monitoring of the localization, dynamics, and function of immune responses, which are vital in assessing not only the efficacy but also the safety of treatments to design immunotherapies optimally. This review aims to provide an overview of the current research on NIR imaging of the immune response. We expect that the use of NIR imaging will expand further in response to the recent success in cancer immunotherapy. We will also offer our insights on how this technology will meet rapidly growing expectations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ji
- Scientific Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China; Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Catherine Jones
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yoonji Baek
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - G Kate Park
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Satoshi Kashiwagi
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Hak Soo Choi
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Polikarpov DM, Campbell DH, Lund ME, Lu Y, Lu Y, Wu J, Walsh BJ, Zvyagin AV, Gillatt DA. The feasibility of Miltuximab®-IRDye700DX-mediated photoimmunotherapy of solid tumors. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:102064. [PMID: 33069874 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is an emerging method of cancer treatment based on the use of a photosensitizer near-infrared dye IRDye700DX (IR700) conjugated to a monoclonal antibody. The antibody selectively delivers IR700 to cancer cells, which can then be killed after photoexcitation. Glypican-1 (GPC-1) is a novel target expressed specifically in malignant tumors. We aimed to investigate whether anti-GPC-1 antibody Miltuximab® (Glytherix Ltd., Sydney, Australia) can be conjugated with IR700 for PIT of solid tumors. METHODS The dye IR700 was conjugated with Miltuximab® and characterized by spectrophotometry and flow cytometry. Miltuximab®-IR700-mediated PIT was tested in prostate (DU-145), bladder (C3 and T-24), brain (U-87 and U-251) and ovarian (SKOV-3) cancer cell lines. After 1 h incubation with Miltuximab®-IR700, the cells were washed by PBS and illuminated using a 690-nm light-emitting diode. The viability of the cells was assessed by a CCK-8 viability kit 24 h later. RESULTS Miltuximab®-IR700-mediated PIT caused 67.3-92.3% reduction in viability of cells with medium-high GPC-1 expression and did not affect the viability of GPC-1-low cells. Cytotoxicity was attributed to the targeted binding of the conjugate with subsequent photoactivation, as the conjugate or light exposure alone had no effect on the cell viability. Miltuximab®-IR700 did not induce cytotoxicity in cells blocked by unconjugated Miltuximab®. CONCLUSIONS PIT with Miltuximab®-IR700 appears to be highly specific and effective against GPC-1-expressing cancer cells, indicating that it holds promise for an effective and safe treatment of early stage solid tumors or as adjuvant therapy following surgical resection. These findings necessitate further investigation of PIT with Miltuximab®-IR700 in other GPC-1-expressing cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo in xenograft tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry M Polikarpov
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | | | | | - Yanling Lu
- Glytherix Ltd., Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Yiqing Lu
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jiehua Wu
- Glytherix Ltd., Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | | | - Andrei V Zvyagin
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - David A Gillatt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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Application of molecular imaging technology in tumor immunotherapy. Cell Immunol 2020; 348:104039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Abstract
This Account is the first comprehensive review article on the newly developed, photochemistry-based cancer therapy near-infrared (NIR) photoimmunotherapy (PIT). NIR-PIT is a molecularly targeted phototherapy for cancer that is based on injecting a conjugate of a near-infrared, water-soluble, silicon-phthalocyanine derivative, IRdye700DX (IR700), and a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that targets an expressed antigen on the cancer cell surface. Subsequent local exposure to NIR light turns on this photochemical "death" switch, resulting in the rapid and highly selective immunogenic cell death (ICD) of targeted cancer cells. ICD occurs as early as 1 min after exposure to NIR light and results in irreversible morphologic changes only in target-expressing cells based on the newly discovered photoinduced ligand release reaction that induces physical changes on conjugated antibody/antigen complex resulting in functional damage on cell membrane. Meanwhile, immediately adjacent receptor-negative cells are totally unharmed. Because of its highly targeted nature, NIR-PIT carries few side effects and healing is rapid. Evaluation of the tumor microenvironment reveals that ICD induced by NIR-PIT results in rapid maturation of immature dendritic cells adjacent to dying cancer cells initiating a host anticancer immune response, resulting in repriming of polyclonal CD8+T cells against various released cancer antigens, which amplifies the therapeutic effect of NIR-PIT. NIR-PIT can target and treat virtually any cell surface antigens including cancer stem cell markers, that is, CD44 and CD133. A first-in-human phase 1/2 clinical trial of NIR-PIT using cetuximab-IR700 (RM1929) targeting EGFR in inoperable recurrent head and neck cancer patients successfully concluded in 2017 and led to "fast tracking" by the FDA and a phase 3 trial ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03769506 ) that is currently underway in 3 countries in Asia, US/Canada, and 4 countries in EU. The next step for NIR-PIT is to further exploit the immune response. Preclinical research in animals with intact immune systems has shown that NIT-PIT targeting of immunosuppressor cells within the tumor, such as regulatory T-cells, can further enhance tumor-cell-selective systemic host-immunity leading to significant responses in distant metastatic tumors, which are not treated with light. By combining cancer-targeting NIR-PIT and immune-activating NIR-PIT or other cancer immunotherapies, NIR-PIT of a local tumor, could lead to responses in distant metastases and may also inhibit recurrences due to activation of systemic anticancer immunity and long-term immune memory without the systemic autoimmune adverse effects often associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, NIR-PIT also enhances nanodrug delivery into tumors up to 24-fold superior to untreated tumors with conventional EPR effects by intensively damaging cancer cells behind tumor vessels. We conclude by describing future advances in this novel photochemical cancer therapy that are likely to further enhance the efficacy of NIR-PIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B3B69, MSC1088, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1088, United States
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B3B69, MSC1088, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1088, United States
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Aung W, Tsuji AB, Sugyo A, Takashima H, Yasunaga M, Matsumura Y, Higashi T. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy of pancreatic cancer using an indocyanine green-labeled anti-tissue factor antibody. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:5491-5504. [PMID: 30622378 PMCID: PMC6319132 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i48.5491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate near-infrared photoimmunotherapeutic effect mediated by an anti-tissue factor (TF) antibody conjugated to indocyanine green (ICG) in a pancreatic cancer model.
METHODS Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a highly selective tumor treatment that utilizes an antibody-photosensitizer conjugate administration, followed by NIR light exposure. Anti-TF antibody 1849-ICG conjugate was synthesized by labeling of rat IgG2b anti-TF monoclonal antibody 1849 (anti-TF 1849) to a NIR photosensitizer, ICG. The expression levels of TF in two human pancreatic cancer cell lines were examined by western blotting. Specific binding of the 1849-ICG to TF-expressing BxPC-3 cells was examined by fluorescence microscopy. NIR-PIT-induced cell death was determined by cell viability imaging assay. In vivo longitudinal fluorescence imaging was used to explore the accumulation of 1849-ICG conjugate in xenograft tumors. To examine the effect of NIR-PIT, tumor-bearing mice were separated into 5 groups: (1) 100 μg of 1849-ICG i.v. administration followed by NIR light exposure (50 J/cm2) on two consecutive days (Days 1 and 2); (2) NIR light exposure (50 J/cm2) only on two consecutive days (Days 1 and 2); (3) 100 μg of 1849-ICG i.v. administration; (4) 100 μg of unlabeled anti-TF 1849 i.v. administration; and (5) the untreated control. Semiweekly tumor volume measurements, accompanied with histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses of tumors, were performed 3 d after the 2nd irradiation with NIR light to monitor the effect of treatments.
RESULTS High TF expression in BxPC-3 cells was observed via western blot analysis, concordant with the observed preferential binding with intracellular localization of 1849-ICG via fluorescence microscopy. NIR-PIT-induced cell death was observed by performing cell viability imaging assay. In contrast to the other test groups, tumor growth was significantly inhibited by NIR-PIT with a statistically significant difference in relative tumor volumes for 27 d after the treatment start date [2.83 ± 0.38 (NIR-PIT) vs 5.42 ± 1.61 (Untreated), vs 4.90 ± 0.87 (NIR), vs 4.28 ± 1.87 (1849-ICG), vs 4.35 ± 1.42 (anti-TF 1849), at Day 27, P < 0.05]. Tumors that received NIR-PIT showed evidence of necrotic cell death-associated features upon hematoxylin-eosin staining accompanied by a decrease in Ki-67-positive cells (a cell proliferation marker) by IHC examination.
CONCLUSION The TF-targeted NIR-PIT with the 1849-ICG conjugate can potentially open a new platform for treatment of TF-expressing pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winn Aung
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST-NIRS), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi B Tsuji
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST-NIRS), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Aya Sugyo
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST-NIRS), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takashima
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba 277-8577, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasunaga
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba 277-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Matsumura
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba 277-8577, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST-NIRS), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Burley TA, Mączyńska J, Shah A, Szopa W, Harrington KJ, Boult JK, Mrozek‐Wilczkiewicz A, Vinci M, Bamber JC, Kaspera W, Kramer‐Marek G. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy targeting EGFR-Shedding new light on glioblastoma treatment. Int J Cancer 2018; 142:2363-2374. [PMID: 29313975 PMCID: PMC6016485 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are high-grade brain tumors, differentially driven by alterations (amplification, deletion or missense mutations) in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), that carry a poor prognosis of just 12-15 months following standard therapy. A combination of interventions targeting tumor-specific cell surface regulators along with convergent downstream signaling pathways may enhance treatment efficacy. Against this background, we investigated a novel photoimmunotherapy approach combining the cytotoxicity of photodynamic therapy with the specificity of immunotherapy. An EGFR-specific affibody (ZEGFR:03115 ) was conjugated to the phthalocyanine dye, IR700DX, which when excited with near-infrared light produces a cytotoxic response. ZEGFR:03115 -IR700DX EGFR-specific binding was confirmed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The conjugate showed effective targeting of EGFR positive GBM cells in the brain. The therapeutic potential of the conjugate was assessed both in vitro, in GBM cell lines and spheroids by the CellTiter-Glo® assay, and in vivo using subcutaneous U87-MGvIII xenografts. In addition, mice were imaged pre- and post-PIT using the IVIS/Spectrum/CT to monitor treatment response. Binding of the conjugate correlated to the level of EGFR expression in GBM cell lines. The cell proliferation assay revealed a receptor-dependent response between the tested cell lines. Inhibition of EGFRvIII+ve tumor growth was observed following administration of the immunoconjugate and irradiation. Importantly, this response was not seen in control tumors. In conclusion, the ZEGFR:03115 -IR700DX showed specific uptake in vitro and enabled imaging of EGFR expression in the orthotopic brain tumor model. Moreover, the proof-of-concept in vivo PIT study demonstrated therapeutic efficacy of the conjugate in subcutaneous glioma xenografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Burley
- Division of Radiotherapy and ImagingThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Justyna Mączyńska
- Division of Radiotherapy and ImagingThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Anant Shah
- Division of Radiotherapy and ImagingThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Wojciech Szopa
- Department of NeurosurgeryMedical University of Silesia, Regional HospitalSosnowiecPoland
| | - Kevin J. Harrington
- Division of Radiotherapy and ImagingThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jessica K.R. Boult
- Division of Radiotherapy and ImagingThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Maria Vinci
- Department of Onco‐HematologyBambino Gesù Children's HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Jeffrey C. Bamber
- Division of Radiotherapy and ImagingThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Wojciech Kaspera
- Department of NeurosurgeryMedical University of Silesia, Regional HospitalSosnowiecPoland
| | - Gabriela Kramer‐Marek
- Division of Radiotherapy and ImagingThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUnited Kingdom
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Kishimoto S, Oshima N, Yamamoto K, Munasinghe J, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Mitchell JB, Choyke PL, Krishna MC. Molecular imaging of tumor photoimmunotherapy: Evidence of photosensitized tumor necrosis and hemodynamic changes. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 116:1-10. [PMID: 29289705 PMCID: PMC5963721 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR PIT) employs the photoabsorbing dye IR700 conjugated to antibodies specific for cell surface epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). NIR PIT has shown highly selective cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Cell necrosis is thought to be the main mode of cytotoxicity based mainly on in vitro studies. To better understand the acute effects of NIR PIT, molecular imaging studies were performed to assess its cellular and vascular effects. In addition to in vitro studies for cytotoxicity of NIR PIT, the in vivo tumoricidal effects and hemodynamic changes induced by NIR PIT were evaluated by 13C MRI using hyperpolarized [1,4-13C2] fumarate, R2* mapping from T2*-weighted MRI, and photoacoustic imaging. In vitro studies confirmed that NIR PIT resulted in rapid cell death via membrane damage, with evidence for rapid cell expansion followed by membrane rupture. Following NIR PIT, metabolic MRI using hyperpolarized fumarate showed the production of malate in EGFR-expressing A431 tumor xenografts, providing direct evidence for photosensitized tumor necrosis induced by NIR PIT. R2* mapping studies showed temporal changes in oxygenation, with an accompanying increase of deoxyhemoglobin at the start of light exposure followed by a sustained decrease after cessation of light exposure. This result suggests a rapid decrease of blood flow in EGFR-expressing A431 tumor xenografts, which is supported by the results of the photoacoustic imaging experiments. Our findings suggest NIR PIT mediates necrosis and hemodynamic changes in tumors by photosensitized oxidation pathways and that these imaging modalities, once translated, may be useful in monitoring clinical treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Kishimoto
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Nobu Oshima
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Kazutoshi Yamamoto
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Jeeva Munasinghe
- Mouse Imaging Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | | | - James B Mitchell
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Murali C Krishna
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
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24
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Interstitial near-infrared photoimmunotherapy: effective treatment areas and light doses needed for use with fiber optic diffusers. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 29541404 PMCID: PMC5834257 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT), a promising cancer therapy utilizing an antibody-photoabsorber conjugate (APC) and NIR light, which induces rapid necrotic cell death only in APC-bound cells. Effective NIR-PIT in mouse models has been achieved using superficial light illumination (SLI) with light emitting diodes (LEDs) or lasers, but in the clinical setting, fiber optic diffusers have been employed to deliver light to deeper tumors. However, the performance of NIR light in tissue delivered by fiber optic diffusers is poorly understood. Here, we investigated NIR-PIT using a cylindrical fiber optic diffuser in a mouse model of A431 tumors. NIR-PIT with 100 J/cm, the same light dose used in clinical trials of NIR-PIT, was applied after insertion of the diffuser within the tumor bed, and then both bioluminescence and fluorescence imaging were analyzed to assess the therapeutic efficacy. The diffuser can deliver adequate NIR light dose for effective NIR-PIT to the A431 tumor at a distance of approximately 1 cm around the light source at 100 J/cm. At 50 J/cm NIR light effective NIR-PIT was reduced to a distance of 5 – 7 mm diameter around the light source. These results indicate that the energy of interstitial light (measured in Joules/cm) administered via a fiber diffuser determines the depth of effective NIR-PIT around the diffuser and determines the spacing at which such diffusers should be placed to entirely cover the tumor. Thermal measurements demonstrate that interstitial light for NIR-PIT does not cause damage to the skin overlying the diffuser.
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Kusuzaki K, Matsubara T, Murata H, Logozzi M, Iessi E, Di Raimo R, Carta F, Supuran CT, Fais S. Natural extracellular nanovesicles and photodynamic molecules: is there a future for drug delivery? J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:908-916. [PMID: 28708430 PMCID: PMC6010042 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1335310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic molecules represent an alternative approach for cancer therapy for their property (i) to be photo-reactive; (ii) to be not-toxic for target cells in absence of light; (iii) to accumulate specifically into tumour tissues; (iv) to be activable by a light beam only at the tumour site and (v) to exert cytotoxic activity against tumour cells. However, to date their clinical use is limited by the side effects elicited by systemic administration. Extracellular vesicles are endogenous nanosized-carriers that have been recently introduced as a natural delivery system for therapeutic molecules. We have recently shown the ability of human exosomes to deliver photodynamic molecules. Therefore, this review focussed on extracellular vesicles as a novel strategy for the delivery of photodynamic molecules at cancer sites. This completely new approach may enhance the delivery and decrease the toxicity of photodynamic molecules, therefore, represent the future for photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takao Matsubara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineTsuMieJapan
| | - Hiroaki Murata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Matsushita Memorial HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Mariantonia Logozzi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of HealthRomeItaly
| | - Elisabetta Iessi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of HealthRomeItaly
| | - Rossella Di Raimo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of HealthRomeItaly
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di FirenzeSesto Fiorentino, FlorenceItaly
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di FirenzeSesto Fiorentino, FlorenceItaly
| | - Stefano Fais
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of HealthRomeItaly
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