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Jin C, Liao S, Lu G, Geng BD, Ye Z, Xu J, Ge G, Yang D. Cellular senescence in metastatic prostate cancer: A therapeutic opportunity or challenge (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:162. [PMID: 38994760 PMCID: PMC11258599 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) is considered to be a long‑standing challenge. Conventional treatments for metastatic PCa, such as radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy and androgen receptor‑targeted therapy, induce senescence of PCa cells to a certain extent. While senescent cells can impede tumor growth through the restriction of cell proliferation and increasing immune clearance, the senescent microenvironment may concurrently stimulate the secretion of a senescence‑associated secretory phenotype and diminish immune cell function, which promotes PCa recurrence and metastasis. Resistance to established therapies is the primary obstacle in treating metastatic PCa as it can lead to progression towards an incurable state of disease. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underly the progression of PCa is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. The present study reviews the phenomenon of treatment‑induced senescence in PCa, the dual role of senescence in PCa treatments and the mechanisms through which senescence promotes PCa metastasis. Furthermore, the present review discusses potential therapeutic strategies to target the aforementioned processes with the aim of providing insights into the evolving therapeutic landscape for the treatment of metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Jin
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
- Medical Imaging School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Sijian Liao
- Clinical Medicine School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Guoliang Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Anshun People's Hospital, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P.R. China
| | - Bill D. Geng
- School of Natural Science, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Zi Ye
- Clinical Medicine School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Guo Ge
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
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da Silva MJF, Rodrigues AM, Costa MCP, Camara AL, Cabral LM, Ricci Junior E, Vanzan DF, Matos APDS, da Silva Honorio T, Borges ACR. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Based on Babassu Oil and Copaiba Oleoresin: A Promising Approach for Prostate Cancer Therapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1014. [PMID: 38921890 PMCID: PMC11206491 DOI: 10.3390/nano14121014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) represent promising nanostructures for drug delivery systems. This study successfully synthesized SLNs containing different proportions of babassu oil (BBS) and copaiba oleoresin (COPA) via the emulsification-ultrasonication method. Before SLN synthesis, the identification and quantification of methyl esters, such as lauric acid and β-caryophyllene, were performed via GC-MS analysis. These methyl esters were used as chemical markers and assisted in encapsulation efficiency experiments. A 22 factorial design with a center point was employed to assess the impact of stearic acid and Tween 80 on particle hydrodynamic diameter (HD) and polydispersity index (PDI). Additionally, the effects of temperature (8 ± 0.5 °C and 25 ± 1.0 °C) and time (0, 7, 15, 30, 40, and 60 days) on HD and PDI values were investigated. Zeta potential (ZP) measurements were utilized to evaluate nanoparticle stability, while transmission electron microscopy provided insights into the morphology and nanometric dimensions of the SLNs. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the SLNs (10 µg/mL, 30 µg/mL, 40 µg/mL, and 80 µg/mL) was evaluated using the MTT assay with PC-3 and DU-145 prostate cancer cell lines. Results demonstrated that SLNs containing BBS and COPA in a 1:1 ratio exhibited a promising cytotoxic effect against prostate cancer cells, with a percentage of viable cells of 68.5% for PC-3 at a concentration of 30 µg/mL and 48% for DU-145 at a concentration of 80 µg/mL. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic applications of SLNs loaded with BBS and COPA for prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Jackson Ferreira da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia da Rede Renorbio, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (M.J.F.d.S.)
| | - Alisson Mendes Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Materiais, Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília 70904-910, DF, Brazil
| | - Maria Célia Pires Costa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Universitário Paulo VI, São Luís 65055-970, MA, Brazil;
| | - Adriana Leandro Camara
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil;
| | - Lucio Mendes Cabral
- Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (L.M.C.); (E.R.J.); (A.P.d.S.M.)
| | - Eduardo Ricci Junior
- Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (L.M.C.); (E.R.J.); (A.P.d.S.M.)
| | - Daniel Figueiredo Vanzan
- Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (L.M.C.); (E.R.J.); (A.P.d.S.M.)
| | - Ana Paula dos Santos Matos
- Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (L.M.C.); (E.R.J.); (A.P.d.S.M.)
| | - Thiago da Silva Honorio
- Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (L.M.C.); (E.R.J.); (A.P.d.S.M.)
| | - Antonio Carlos Romão Borges
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia da Rede Renorbio, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (M.J.F.d.S.)
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Gilbert S, Péant B, Mes-Masson AM, Saad F. IKKe Inhibitor Amlexanox Promotes Olaparib Sensitivity through the C/EBP-b-Mediated Transcription of Rad51 in Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153684. [PMID: 35954347 PMCID: PMC9367422 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Most men with advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) treated with androgen deprivation therapy will develop castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), a lethal form of prostate cancer (PC). Our group has previously shown that IKKε expression is stronger in CRPC tumors and correlates with aggressive PC. Moreover, we have shown that IKKε depletion or inhibition (BX795, Amlexanox) decrease CRPC cell proliferation and tumor volume in an in vivo mouse model. We also demonstrate that IKKε inhibitors specifically target CRPC to induce a senescent phenotype as well as DNA damage and genomic instability. In this study, we demonstrated that IKKε depletion or inhibition block C/EBP-β recruitment on Rad51 promoter to decrease promoter activity. We have also shown that Amlexanox treatment sensitizes CRPC cells to Olaparib in vitro and in mouse models. Taken together, targeting IKKε with Amlexanox combined with Olaparib may lead to additional effective therapeutic strategies in the management of patients with CRPC. Abstract The progression of prostate cancer (PC) is often characterized by the development of castrate-resistant PC (CRPC). Patients with CRPC are treated with a variety of agents including new generation hormonal therapies or chemotherapy. However, as the cancer develops more resistance mechanisms, these drugs eventually become less effective and finding new therapeutic approaches is critical to improving patient outcomes. Previously, we have shown that IKKε depletion and IKKε inhibitors, BX795 and Amlexanox, decrease CRPC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and that IKKε inhibitors induce a senescence phenotype accompanied by increased DNA damage and genomic instability in CRPC cells. Here, we describe a new role for IKKε in DNA damage repair involving Rad51 and examine the therapeutic potential of Amlexanox combined with the PARP inhibitor Olaparib in CRPC cell lines. Combining Amlexanox with Olaparib decreased CRPC cell proliferation and enhanced DNA damage through the inhibition of Olaparib-induced Rad51 recruitment and expression in CRPC cells or IKKε-depleted PC-3 cells. We demonstrated that Rad51 promoter activity, measured by luciferase assay, was decreased with Amlexanox treatment or IKKε depletion and that Amlexanox treatment decreased the occupancy of transcription factor C/EBP-β on the Rad51 promoter. Our mouse model also showed that Amlexanox combined with Olaparib inhibited tumor growth of CRPC xenografts. Our study highlights a new role for IKKε in DNA damage repair through the regulation of Rad51 transcription and provides a rationale for the combination of Amlexanox and Olaparib in the treatment of patients with CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Gilbert
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.G.); (B.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Benjamin Péant
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.G.); (B.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.G.); (B.P.); (F.S.)
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-890-8000 (ext. 25496)
| | - Fred Saad
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; (S.G.); (B.P.); (F.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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Therapeutic targeting of TANK-binding kinase signaling towards anticancer drug development: Challenges and opportunities. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:1022-1037. [PMID: 35358582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) plays a fundamental role in regulating the cellular responses and controlling several signaling cascades. It regulates inflammatory, interferon, NF-κB, autophagy, and Akt pathways. Post-translational modifications (PTM) of TBK1 control its action and subsequent cellular signaling. The dysregulation of the TBK1 pathway is correlated to many pathophysiological conditions, including cancer, that implicates the promising therapeutic advantage for targeting TBK1. The present study summarizes current updates on the molecular mechanisms and cancer-inducing roles of TBK1. Designed inhibitors of TBK1 are considered a potential therapeutic agent for several diseases, including cancer. Data from pre-clinical tumor models recommend that the targeting of TBK1 could be an attractive strategy for anti-tumor therapy. This review further highlighted the therapeutic potential of potent and selective TBK1 inhibitors, including Amlexanox, Compound II, BX795, MRT67307, SR8185 AZ13102909, CYT387, GSK8612, BAY985, and Domainex. These inhibitors may be implicated to facilitate therapeutic management of cancer and TBK1-associated diseases in the future.
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