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Taschuk R, Scruten E, Woodbury M, Cashman N, Potter A, Griebel P, Tikoo SK, Napper S. Induction of PrP Sc-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses in white-tailed deer with an oral vaccine for chronic wasting disease. Prion 2018; 11:368-380. [PMID: 28968152 PMCID: PMC5639826 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2017.1367083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing epidemic of chronic wasting disease (CWD) within cervid populations indicates the need for novel approaches for disease management. A vaccine that either reduces susceptibility to infection or reduces shedding of prions by infected animals, or a combination of both, could be of benefit for disease control. The development of such a vaccine is challenged by the unique nature of prion diseases and the requirement for formulation and delivery in an oral format for application in wildlife settings. To address the unique nature of prions, our group targets epitopes, termed disease specific epitopes (DSEs), whose exposure for antibody binding depends on disease-associated misfolding of PrPC into PrPSc. Here, a DSE corresponding to the rigid loop (RL) region, which was immunogenic following parenteral vaccination, was translated into an oral vaccine. This vaccine consists of a replication-incompetent human adenovirus expressing a truncated rabies glycoprotein G recombinant fusion with the RL epitope (hAd5:tgG-RL). Oral immunization of white-tailed deer with hAd5:tgG-RL induced PrPSc-specific systemic and mucosal antibody responses with an encouraging safety profile in terms of no adverse health effects nor prolonged vector shedding. By building upon proven strategies of formulation for wildlife vaccines, these efforts generate a particular PrPSc-specific oral vaccine for CWD as well as providing a versatile platform, in terms of carrier protein and biological vector, for generation of other oral, peptide-based CWD vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Taschuk
- a Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan , Canada.,b School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan , Canada
| | - Erin Scruten
- a Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan , Canada
| | - Murray Woodbury
- c Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan , Canada
| | - Neil Cashman
- d Department of Neurology , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Andrew Potter
- a Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan , Canada
| | - Philip Griebel
- a Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan , Canada.,b School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan , Canada
| | - Suresh K Tikoo
- a Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan , Canada.,b School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan , Canada
| | - Scott Napper
- a Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan , Canada.,e Department of Biochemistry , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon , Saskatchewan , Canada
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