1
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Li Y, Yang Z, Zhang S, Li J. Miro-mediated mitochondrial transport: A new dimension for disease-related abnormal cell metabolism? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 705:149737. [PMID: 38430606 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are versatile and highly dynamic organelles found in eukaryotic cells that play important roles in a variety of cellular processes. The importance of mitochondrial transport in cell metabolism, including variations in mitochondrial distribution within cells and intercellular transfer, has grown in recent years. Several studies have demonstrated that abnormal mitochondrial transport represents an early pathogenic alteration in a variety of illnesses, emphasizing its significance in disease development and progression. Mitochondrial Rho GTPase (Miro) is a protein found on the outer mitochondrial membrane that is required for cytoskeleton-dependent mitochondrial transport, mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission), and mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. Miro, as a critical regulator of mitochondrial transport, has yet to be thoroughly investigated in illness. This review focuses on recent developments in recognizing Miro as a crucial molecule in controlling mitochondrial transport and investigates its roles in diverse illnesses. It also intends to shed light on the possibilities of targeting Miro as a therapeutic method for a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxing Li
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jincheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Jincheng, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Kong F, Yang S, Shi R, Peng Y. The Up-Regulated Expression of Mitochondrial Membrane Molecule RHOT1 in Gastric Cancer Predicts the Prognosis of Patients and Promotes the Malignant Biological Behavior of Cells. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01107-8. [PMID: 38448731 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a major disease of high morbidity and mortality worldwide despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. Ras homolog family member T1 (RHOT1) plays an important role in several cancers. Our study aimed to analyze RHOT1 expression, to assess the relationship between its expression and the prognosis of patients, and know the impact of RHOT1 on GC cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA-seq data was used for gene expression analysis, survival and prognostic analysis. Nomograms were created to analyze the pathological factors of GC patients. RHOT1 expression was up-regulated by analyzed TCGA-Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) data and verified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay in GC tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, RHOT1 up-regulation was significantly associated with shorter survival of GC patients. At last, after silencing the expression of RHOT1 in AGS cell lines, we found that the proliferative ability of the cells was significantly reduced, the cell invasion ability was significantly inhibited, the cell migration ability was also significantly weakened, the cell cycle was arrested in the G0/G1 phase, and apoptosis was significantly increased. So RHOT1 could impact the apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, and migration behavior of GC cells. We trust RHOT1 has the potential to become a new oncogene biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis as well as a new therapeutic target in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhao Kong
- Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwen Yang
- Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruimeng Shi
- Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyu Peng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Jing M, Xiong X, Mao X, Song Q, Zhang L, Ouyang Y, Pang Y, Fu Y, Yan W. HMGB1 promotes mitochondrial transfer between hepatocellular carcinoma cells through RHOT1 and RAC1 under hypoxia. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:155. [PMID: 38378644 PMCID: PMC10879213 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06536-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial transfer plays an important role in various diseases, and many mitochondrial biological functions can be regulated by HMGB1. To explore the role of mitochondrial transfer in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with HMGB1, field emission scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry were used to detect the mitochondrial transfer between HCC cells. We found that mitochondrial transfer between HCC cells was confirmed using tunnel nanotubes (TNTs). The transfer of mitochondria from the highly invasive HCC cells to the less invasive HCC cells could enhance the migration and invasion ability of the latter. The hypoxic conditions increased the mitochondrial transfer between HCC cells. Then the mechanism was identified using co-immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. We found that RHOT1, a mitochondrial transport protein, promoted mitochondrial transfer and the migration and metastasis of HCC cells during this process. Under hypoxia, HMGB1 further regulated RHOT1 expression by increasing the expression of NFYA and NFYC subunits of the NF-Y complex. RAC1, a protein associated with TNTs formation, promoted mitochondrial transfer and HCC development. Besides, HMGB1 regulated RAC1 aggregation to the cell membrane under hypoxia. Finally, the changes and significance of related molecules in clinical samples of HCC were analyzed using bioinformatics and tissue microarray analyses. We found that HCC patients with high HMGB1, RHOT1, or RAC1 expression exhibited a relatively shorter overall survival period. In conclusion, under hypoxic conditions, HMGB1 promoted mitochondrial transfer and migration and invasion of HCC cells by increasing the expression of mitochondrial transport protein RHOT1 and TNTs formation-related protein RAC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Jing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qianben Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lumiao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yiming Ouyang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yingzhi Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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4
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Mahmoudian RA, Akhlaghipour I, Lotfi M, Shahidsales S, Moghbeli M. Circular RNAs as the pivotal regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastrointestinal tumor cells. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154472. [PMID: 37087995 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, as the most common human malignancies are always considered one of the most important health challenges in the world. Late diagnosis in advanced tumor stages is one of the main reasons for the high mortality rate and treatment failure in these patients. Therefore, investigating the molecular pathways involved in GI tumor progression is required to introduce the efficient markers for the early tumor diagnosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the main cellular mechanisms involved in the GI tumor metastasis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are one of the main regulatory factors in EMT process. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a group of covalently closed loop ncRNAs that have higher stability in body fluids compared with other ncRNAs. Considering the importance of circRNAs in regulation of EMT process, in the present review we discussed the role of circRNAs in EMT process during GI tumor invasion. It has been reported that circRNAs mainly affect the EMT process through the regulation of EMT-specific transcription factors and signaling pathways such as WNT, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β, and MAPK. This review can be an effective step in introducing a circRNA/EMT based diagnostic panel marker for the early tumor detection among GI cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reihaneh Alsadat Mahmoudian
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Lotfi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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5
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Nahacka Z, Novak J, Zobalova R, Neuzil J. Miro proteins and their role in mitochondrial transfer in cancer and beyond. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:937753. [PMID: 35959487 PMCID: PMC9358137 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.937753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles essential for tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Although their main cellular function, generation of energy in the form of ATP is dispensable for cancer cells, their capability to drive their adaptation to stress originating from tumor microenvironment makes them a plausible therapeutic target. Recent research has revealed that cancer cells with damaged oxidative phosphorylation import healthy (functional) mitochondria from surrounding stromal cells to drive pyrimidine synthesis and cell proliferation. Furthermore, it has been shown that energetically competent mitochondria are fundamental for tumor cell migration, invasion and metastasis. The spatial positioning and transport of mitochondria involves Miro proteins from a subfamily of small GTPases, localized in outer mitochondrial membrane. Miro proteins are involved in the structure of the MICOS complex, connecting outer and inner-mitochondrial membrane; in mitochondria-ER communication; Ca2+ metabolism; and in the recycling of damaged organelles via mitophagy. The most important role of Miro is regulation of mitochondrial movement and distribution within (and between) cells, acting as an adaptor linking organelles to cytoskeleton-associated motor proteins. In this review, we discuss the function of Miro proteins in various modes of intercellular mitochondrial transfer, emphasizing the structure and dynamics of tunneling nanotubes, the most common transfer modality. We summarize the evidence for and propose possible roles of Miro proteins in nanotube-mediated transfer as well as in cancer cell migration and metastasis, both processes being tightly connected to cytoskeleton-driven mitochondrial movement and positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Nahacka
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Zuzana Nahacka, ; Jiri Neuzil,
| | - Jaromir Novak
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Zuzana Nahacka, ; Jiri Neuzil,
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6
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Morin M, Moindjie H, Nahmias C. Le transport mitochondrial. Med Sci (Paris) 2022; 38:585-593. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2022085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
La reprogrammation métabolique est l’un des marqueurs de la carcinogenèse. Au cœur de cette reprogrammation se trouvent les mitochondries qui produisent l’énergie sous forme de molécules d’ATP. La régulation spatio-temporelle de la production d’ATP, indispensable pour fournir l’énergie au bon endroit et au bon moment, est assurée par le transport intracellulaire des mitochondries. Les complexes Miro/TRAK présents à la surface des mitochondries se lient aux protéines motrices de la cellule (dynéine, kinésine, myosine) pour transporter les mitochondries le long du cytosquelette. Ces acteurs du transport mitochondrial sont souvent dérégulés dans le cancer. Nous présentons dans cette revue les mécanismes par lesquels le transport mitochondrial contribue à la migration, à la division cellulaire et à la réponse au stress des cellules cancéreuses. Décrypter ces mécanismes pourrait ouvrir la voie à de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques en oncologie.
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7
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Peng YY, Sun D, Xin Y. Hsa_circ_0005230 is up-regulated and promotes gastric cancer cell invasion and migration via regulating the miR-1299/RHOT1 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5046-5063. [PMID: 35170374 PMCID: PMC8973856 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2036514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that are widely expressed in eukaryotic cells. However, their role has been poorly understood in GC. This report aimed to explore the biological functions of hsa_circ_0005230 and its action mechanism in GC. This study validated that hsa_circ_0005230 was significantly up-regulated in 130 cases of GC tissues using qRT-PCR, and clinicopathological feature analysis revealed that its high expression was positively associated with histological grade, lymph node metastasis, TNM stages, and poor prognosis. In vitro, functional experiments showed that silencing hsa_circ_0005230 significantly decreased GC cell proliferation, invasion and migration capabilities. In addition, the major proteins of EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) relevance have changed. In mechanism studies, bioinformatics analyses were used to predict the hsa_circ_0005230/miR-1299/RHOT1 axis and hsa_circ_0005230 may serve as a sponge for miR-1299 and indirectly regulate the expression of RHOT1. The regulated relationships between the molecules on the axis were verified using qRT-PCR and correlation analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay has been used to verify the binding site between miR-1299 and RHOT1. WB (Western blotting) and IHC (Immunohistochemical) were used to verify that RHOT1 may play the role of oncoprotein and affect the biological behavior of GC. Overall, hsa_circ_0005230 could enhance the EMT phenotype by promoting RHOT1 expression through sponging miR-1299, thus affecting the biological behavior of GC. Hsa_circ_0005230 can be easily identified as a potential diagnostic biomarker and assessment prognosis target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yu Peng
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Onco-Pathology, Cancer Institute & General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dan Sun
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Onco-Pathology, Cancer Institute & General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Xin
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Onco-Pathology, Cancer Institute & General Surgery Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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8
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Niazi Y, Thomsen H, Smolkova B, Vodickova L, Vodenkova S, Kroupa M, Vymetalkova V, Kazimirova A, Barancokova M, Volkovova K, Staruchova M, Hoffmann P, Nöthen MM, Dusinska M, Musak L, Vodicka P, Hemminki K, Försti A. Distinct pathways associated with chromosomal aberration frequency in a cohort exposed to genotoxic compounds compared to general population. Mutagenesis 2019; 34:323-330. [PMID: 31586183 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-specific structural chromosomal aberrations (CAs) observed in peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy individuals can be either chromosome-type aberrations (CSAs) or chromatid-type aberrations (CTAs) depending on the stage of cell division they are induced in and mechanism of formation. It is important to study the genetic basis of chromosomal instability as it is a marker of genotoxic exposure and a predictor of cancer risk. For that purpose, we conducted two genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on healthy individuals in the presence and absence of apparent genotoxic exposure from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The pre-GWAS cytogenetic analysis reported the frequencies of CSA, CTA and total CA (CAtot). We performed both linear and binary logistic regression analysis with an arbitrary cut-off point of 2% for CAtot and 1% for CSA and CTA. Using the statistical threshold of 1.0 × 10-5, we identified five loci with in silico predicted functionality in the reference group and four loci in the exposed group, with no overlap between the associated regions. A meta-analysis on the two GWASs identified further four loci with moderate associations in each of the studies. From the reference group mainly loci within genes related to DNA damage response/repair were identified. Other loci identified from both the reference and exposed groups were found to be involved in the segregation of chromosomes and chromatin modification. Some of the discovered regions in each group were implicated in tumourigenesis and autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen Niazi
- Department of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hauke Thomsen
- Department of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Soňa Vodenkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kroupa
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Kazimirova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Magdalena Barancokova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Volkovova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marta Staruchova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Ludovit Musak
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Department of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Asta Försti
- Department of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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9
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Xing L, Zhang X, Tong D. Systematic Profile Analysis of Prognostic Alternative Messenger RNA Splicing Signatures and Splicing Factors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:627-638. [PMID: 31025877 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is a common malignancy with high mortality and poor prognosis. Alternative splicing (AS) is a transcriptional regulation mechanism that generates multiple transcripts from same genes, and aberrant AS signatures of cancers can be predictive for prognosis. We identified the survival-related AS events and splicing factors (SFs) from the RNA sequencing data and the corresponding clinical information of an HNSC cohort downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and SpliceSeq. The independent prognostic predictors were assessed by Cox proportional regression analysis, and the regulatory network of SFs and AS events was analyzed by Spearman's test and constructed. A total of 4626 survival-related AS events in 3280 genes were identified, and most were protective factors. Among the different types of splicing events, exon skip was the most frequent. The prognostic models were constructed for each type of AS, and the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve of the combined prognostic model was 0.765, indicating good predictive performance. Finally, a correlation network between SF and AS events was constructed. We identified prognostic predictors based on AS events that stratified HNSC patients into the high- and low-risk groups, and revealed splicing networks that provide insights into the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xing
- 1 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- 2 Department of Stomatology, Haiyuan College of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dongdong Tong
- 3 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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10
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Furnish M, Caino MC. Altered mitochondrial trafficking as a novel mechanism of cancer metastasis. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2019; 3:e1157. [PMID: 32671955 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian cells must constantly reprogram the distribution of mitochondria in order to meet the local demands for energy, calcium, redox balance, and other mitochondrial functions. Mitochondrial localization inside the cell is a result of a combination of movement along the microtubule tracks plus anchoring to actin filaments. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances show that subcellular distribution of mitochondria can regulate tumor cell growth, proliferation/motility plasticity, metastatic competence, and therapy responses in tumors. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the mechanisms by which mitochondrial subcellular distribution is regulated in tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial trafficking is dysregulated in tumors. Accumulation of mitochondria at the leading edge of the cell supports energy expensive processes of focal adhesion dynamics, cell membrane dynamics, migration, and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Furnish
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - M Cecilia Caino
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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11
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Kay LJ, Sangal V, Black GW, Soundararajan M. Proteomics and bioinformatics analyses identify novel cellular roles outside mitochondrial function for human miro GTPases. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 451:21-35. [PMID: 29943371 PMCID: PMC6342832 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3389-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The human Miro GTPases (hMiros) have recently emerged as important mediators of mitochondrial transport and may significantly contribute to the development of disorders such as Alzheimer’s and schizophrenia. The hMiros represent two highly atypical members of the Ras superfamily, and exhibit several unique features: the presence of a GTPase domain at both the N-terminus and C-terminus, the presence of two calcium-binding EF-hand domains and localisation to the mitochondrial outer membrane. Here, elucidation of Miro GTPase signalling pathway components was achieved through the use of molecular biology, cell culture techniques and proteomics. An investigation of this kind has not been performed previously; we hoped, through these techniques, to enable the profiling and identification of pathways regulated by the human Miro GTPases. The results indicate several novel putative interaction partners for hMiro1 and hMiro2, including numerous proteins previously implicated in neurodegenerative pathways and the development of schizophrenia. Furthermore, we show that the N-terminal GTPase domain appears to fine-tune hMiro signalling, with GTP-bound versions of this domain associated with a diverse range of interaction partners in comparison to corresponding GDP-bound versions. Recent evidences suggest that human Miros participate in host–pathogen interactions with Vibrio Cholerae type III secretion proteins. We have undertaken a bioinformatics investigation to identify novel pathogenic effectors that might interact with Miros.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Kay
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Vartul Sangal
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Gary W Black
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Meera Soundararajan
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, NE1 8ST, UK.
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12
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Singh B, Modica-Napolitano JS, Singh KK. Defining the momiome: Promiscuous information transfer by mobile mitochondria and the mitochondrial genome. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 47:1-17. [PMID: 28502611 PMCID: PMC5681893 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are complex intracellular organelles that have long been identified as the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells because of the central role they play in oxidative metabolism. A resurgence of interest in the study of mitochondria during the past decade has revealed that mitochondria also play key roles in cell signaling, proliferation, cell metabolism and cell death, and that genetic and/or metabolic alterations in mitochondria contribute to a number of diseases, including cancer. Mitochondria have been identified as signaling organelles, capable of mediating bidirectional intracellular information transfer: anterograde (from nucleus to mitochondria) and retrograde (from mitochondria to nucleus). More recently, evidence is now building that the role of mitochondria extends to intercellular communication as well, and that the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) and even whole mitochondria are indeed mobile and can mediate information transfer between cells. We define this promiscuous information transfer function of mitochondria and mtDNA as "momiome" to include all mobile functions of mitochondria and the mitochondrial genome. Herein, we review the "momiome" and explore its role in cancer development, progression, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupendra Singh
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Keshav K Singh
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Center for Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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