Abstract LB-298: The multiple-myeloma associated snoRNA, ACA11 increases oxidative stress and cell proliferation

snoRNAs in hematopoiesis and blood malignancies: A comprehensive review

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are noncoding RNA molecules of highly variable size, usually ranging from 60 to 150 nucleotides. They are classified into H/ACA box snoRNAs, C/D box snoRNAs, and scaRNAs. Their functional profile includes biogenesis of ribosomes, processing of rRNAs, 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation of RNAs, alternative splicing and processing of mRNAs and the generation of small RNA molecules like miRNA. The snoRNAs have been observed to have an important role in hematopoiesis and malignant hematopoietic conditions including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Blood malignancies arise in immune system cells or the bone marrow due to chromosome abnormalities. It has been estimated that annually over 1.25 million cases of blood cancer occur worldwide. The snoRNAs often show a differential expression profile in blood malignancies. Recent reports associate the abnormal expression of snoRNAs with the inhibition of apoptosis, uncontrolled cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This implies that targeting snoRNAs could be a potential way to treat hematologic malignancies. In this review, we describe the various functions of snoRNAs, their role in hematopoiesis, and the consequences of their dysregulation in blood malignancies. We also evaluate the potential of the dysregulated snoRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for blood malignancies.

Landscape of long non-coding RNAs in Trichophyton mentagrophytes-induced rabbit dermatophytosis lesional skin and normal skin

Emerging evidences suggest that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important role in disease development. However, the role of rabbit lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of dermatophytosis remains elusive. The present study aimed to study and characterize lncRNA transcriptome in 8 T. mentagrophytes-induced female rabbit dermatophytosis lesional (TM) and 4 normal saline-infected (NS) skin biopsies using RNAseq. We identified 5883 lncRNAs in 12 strand-specific RNA-seq libraries and found 64 differentially expressed lncRNAs (q < 0.05) in TM relative to NS. As in other mammalian counterparts, rabbit lncRNAs were distributed in all chromosomes except the Y chromosome and were generally smaller in size and fewer in exon numbers compared to protein coding genes. Next, co-expression analysis revealed that 107 pairs between 32 DE lncRNAs and 96 protein coding genes showed a highly correlated expression (|r| > 0.8). Moreover, miRPara analysis of the lncRNAs revealed 173 lncRNAs with precursor sequences for 9561 probable novel miRNAs. Finally, q-PCR results validated the RNA-seq results with eight randomly selected lncRNAs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on rabbit lncRNAs, and our results highlighted the potential role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of dermatophytosis.