1
|
Sancho M, Leiva D, Lucendo E, Orzáez M. Understanding MCL1: from cellular function and regulation to pharmacological inhibition. FEBS J 2022; 289:6209-6234. [PMID: 34310025 PMCID: PMC9787394 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1), an antiapoptotic member of the BCL2 family characterized by a short half-life, functions as a rapid sensor that regulates cell death and other relevant processes that include cell cycle progression and mitochondrial homeostasis. In cancer, MCL1 overexpression contributes to cell survival and resistance to diverse chemotherapeutic agents; for this reason, several MCL1 inhibitors are currently under preclinical and clinical development for cancer treatment. However, the nonapoptotic functions of MCL1 may influence their therapeutic potential. Overall, the complexity of MCL1 regulation and function represent challenges to the clinical application of MCL1 inhibitors. We now summarize the current knowledge regarding MCL1 structure, regulation, and function that could impact the clinical success of MCL1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Sancho
- Targeted Therapies on Cancer and Inflammation LaboratoryCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValenciaSpain
| | - Diego Leiva
- Targeted Therapies on Cancer and Inflammation LaboratoryCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValenciaSpain
| | - Estefanía Lucendo
- Targeted Therapies on Cancer and Inflammation LaboratoryCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValenciaSpain
| | - Mar Orzáez
- Targeted Therapies on Cancer and Inflammation LaboratoryCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeValenciaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Seo JH, Yoon G, Park S, Shim JH, Chae JI, Jeon YJ. Deoxypodophyllotoxin Induces ROS-Mediated Apoptosis by Modulating the PI3K/AKT and p38 MAPK-Dependent Signaling in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:1103-1109. [PMID: 36039387 PMCID: PMC9628964 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2207.07012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT), a naturally occurring flavonolignan, possesses several pharmacological properties, including anticancer property. However, the mechanisms underlying DPT mode of action in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of DPT on OSCC and the underlying mechanisms. Results of the MTT assay revealed that DPT significantly reduced the cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that DPT induces apoptosis in OSCC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, DPT enhanced the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in OSCC cells. Mechanistically, DPT induced apoptosis in OSCC cells by suppressing the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway while activating the p38 MAPK signaling to regulate the expression of apoptotic proteins. Treatment with SC79, an AKT activator, reversed the effects of DPT on AKT signaling in OSCC cells. Taken together, these results provide the basis for the use of DPT in combination with conventional chemotherapy for the treatment of oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Seo
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Seryoung Park
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan‐Gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea,
J.I. Chae Phone:+82-63-270-4024 Fax:+82-63-270-4037 E-mail:
| | - Young-Joo Jeon
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors Y.J. Jeon Phone:+82-42-860-4386 Fax:+82-42-860-8596 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Apartsin E, Venyaminova A, Majoral JP, Caminade AM. Dendriplex-Impregnated Hydrogels With Programmed Release Rate. Front Chem 2022; 9:780608. [PMID: 35071182 PMCID: PMC8766751 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.780608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are biocompatible matrices for local delivery of nucleic acids; however, functional dopants are required to provide efficient delivery into cells. In particular, dendrimers, known as robust nucleic acid carriers, can be used as dopants. Herein, we report the first example of impregnating neutral hydrogels with siRNA-dendrimer complexes. The surface chemistry of dendrimers allows adjusting the release rate of siRNA-containing complexes. This methodology can bring new materials for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Apartsin
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alya Venyaminova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Jean-Pierre Majoral
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne-Marie Caminade
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Frazao A, Rethacker L, Jeudy G, Colombo M, Pasmant E, Avril MF, Toubert A, Moins-Teisserenc H, Roelens M, Dalac S, Maubec E, Caignard A. BRAF inhibitor resistance of melanoma cells triggers increased susceptibility to natural killer cell-mediated lysis. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000275. [PMID: 32912923 PMCID: PMC7482503 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Targeted therapies and immunotherapies are first-line treatments for patients with advanced melanoma. Serine–threonine protein kinase B-RAF (BRAF) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibition leads to a 70% response rate in patients with advanced melanoma with a BRAFV600E/K mutation. However, acquired resistance occurs in the majority of patients, leading to relapse. Immunotherapies that activate immune cytotoxic effectors induce long-lasting responses in 30% of patients. In that context, combination of targeted therapies with immunotherapy (IT) is a promising approach. We considered boosting natural killer (NK) cell tumor immunosurveillance, as melanoma cells express stress-induced molecules and activate NK cell lysis. Methods Here we have generated vemurafenib (a BRAF inihibitor)-resistant (R) cells from BRAFV600E SK28 and M14-sensitive (S) melanoma cell lines and investigated how resistance interferes with immunogenicity to NK cells. We determined the levels of several soluble molecules including NK ligands in 61 melanoma patients at baseline and 6 months M post-treatment with targeted therapies or immunotherapies. Results Vemurafenib resistance involved activation of p-AKT in SK28R and of p-MEK/p-ERK in M14R cells and was accompanied by modulation of NK ligands. Compared with S cells, SK28R displayed an increased expression of natural killer group 2 D (NKG2D) receptor ligands (major histocompatibility complex class (MHC) I chain-related protein A (MICA) and UL16-binding protein 2 (ULBP2)) whereas M14R exhibited decreased ULBP2. SK28R and M14R cells induced higher NK degranulation and interferon gamma secretion and were more efficiently lysed by donor and patient NK cells. SK28R showed increased tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor II (TRAIL-RII) expression and TRAIL-induced apoptosis, and TRAIL-induced apoptosis of M14R was decreased. Combined BRAF/MEK inhibitors abrogated the growth of SK28S, M14S, and M14R cells, while growth of SK28R was maintained. BRAF/MEK inhibition attenuated NK activity but R cell lines activated polyfunctional NK cells and were lysed with high efficiency. We investigated the relationship of soluble NK ligands and response to treatment in a series of melanoma patients. Soluble NKG2D ligands known to regulate the receptor function have been associated to cancer progression. Serum analysis of patients treated with target therapies or IT indicates that soluble forms of NK ligands (MICA, B7H6, programmed cell death ligand 1, and carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1) may correlate with clinical response. Conclusion These results support strategies combining targeted therapies and NK-based immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Frazao
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS-1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Louise Rethacker
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS-1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Géraldine Jeudy
- University Hospital Centre Dijon Bocage Complex, Dermatology Department, Dijon, France
| | - Marina Colombo
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS-1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Eric Pasmant
- Université de Paris, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Genetic and Molecular Biology Department, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Avril
- Université de Paris, AP-HP Hôpital Cochin, Dermatology Department, Institute Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS-1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Helene Moins-Teisserenc
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS-1160, AP-HP hopital Saint-Louis, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Marie Roelens
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS-1160, AP-HP hopital Saint-Louis, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Dalac
- University Hospital Centre Dijon Bocage Complex, Dermatology Department, Dijon, France
| | - Eve Maubec
- Université de Paris 13, AP-HP Hôpital Avicenne, Dermatology Department, Bobigny, France
| | - Anne Caignard
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS-1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, 75010, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rodríguez-Prieto T, Michlewska S, Hołota M, Ionov M, de la Mata FJ, Cano J, Bryszewska M, Gómez R. Organometallic dendrimers based on Ruthenium(II) N-heterocyclic carbenes and their implication as delivery systems of anticancer small interfering RNA. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 223:111540. [PMID: 34273717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the purpose of obtaining a new dendritic system against cancer, this paper is focused on the synthesis of spherical carbosilane metallodendrimers of different generations holding Ru(II) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) on the periphery from the imidazolium precursors. Both imidazolium salt dendrimers and their metallodendrimers counterparts showed promising anticancer activity, similar to cisplatin, mainly at high generations. In addition, both families of second and third generations were able to form dendriplexes with anticancer small interfering RNA (siRNA), protecting the cargo against RNAse and being able to internalize it in HEPG2 (human liver cancer) tumour cells. The characterization and effectiveness of the dendriplexes were evaluated by various analytical techniques such as zeta potential, electrophoresis and circular dichroism, the stability of the system and the protective nature of the dendrimer estimated using RNAse and the internalization of dendriplexes by confocal microscopy. The major advantage observed with the ruthenium metallodendrimers with respect to the imidazolium salts precursors was in cellular uptake, where the internalization of Mcl-1-FITC siRNA (myeloid cell leukaemia-1 fluorescein labelled siRNA) proceeded more efficiently. Therefore, we propose here that both imidazolium and Ru metallodendrimers are interesting candidates in cancer due to their double action, as anticancer per se and as carrier for anticancer siRNA, providing in this way a combined action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Rodríguez-Prieto
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), IRYCIS, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Sylwia Michlewska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging & Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha St., 90-237 Lodz, Poland; Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Hołota
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - F Javier de la Mata
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), IRYCIS, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Jesús Cano
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), IRYCIS, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain; Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), IRYCIS, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Myeloid Cell Leukemia-1 (MCL-1) siRNA Therapy Showed Cytotoxic Effect on T Cells Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.87773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
7
|
Lee J, Lim B, Pearson T, Choi K, Fuson JA, Bartholomeusz C, Paradiso LJ, Myers T, Tripathy D, Ueno NT. Anti-tumor and anti-metastasis efficacy of E6201, a MEK1 inhibitor, in preclinical models of triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 175:339-351. [PMID: 30826934 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks the receptor targets estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and thus, it does not respond to receptor-targeted treatments. TNBC has higher recurrence, metastasis, and mortality rates than other subtypes of breast cancer. Mounting data suggest that the MAPK (also known as RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK) pathway is an important therapeutic target in TNBC. METHODS To evaluate anti-tumor and anti-metastasis efficacy of E6201, we used cell proliferation assay, soft agar assay, cell cycle assay, Annexin V staining assay, immunoblotting analysis, immunohistochemistry, migration assay, invasion assay, mammary fat pad xenograft, and experimental and spontaneous metastasis xenograft models. We also evaluated the anti-tumor efficacy of E6201 plus CDK4/6 inhibitor, mTOR inhibitor, or ATR inhibitor. RESULTS E6201 inhibited TNBC cell colony formation, migration, and invasion in a dose-dependent manner. E6201 induced G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. E6201 inhibited TNBC xenograft growth and inhibited TNBC lung metastasis and improved mouse survival in experimental metastasis and spontaneous metastasis assays. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that E6201 decreased the metastatic burden in the lung and decreased phosphorylated ERK expression in a dose-dependent manner. Combination of E6201 with CDK4/6 inhibitor or mTOR inhibitor enhanced E6201's in vitro anti-tumor efficacy. CONCLUSION These results indicate that E6201 exhibits anti-tumor efficacy against TNBC in vitro and anti-metastasis efficacy against TNBC in vivo. These results provide a rationale for further clinical development of E6201 as a MAPK-pathway-targeted therapy for TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jangsoon Lee
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1354, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA
| | - Bora Lim
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1354, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA
| | - Troy Pearson
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kuicheon Choi
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jon A Fuson
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chandra Bartholomeusz
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1354, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA
| | | | | | - Debu Tripathy
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. .,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1354, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Krasheninina OA, Apartsin EK, Fuentes E, Szulc A, Ionov M, Venyaminova AG, Shcharbin D, de la Mata FJ, Bryszewska M, Gόmez R. Complexes of Pro-Apoptotic siRNAs and Carbosilane Dendrimers: Formation and Effect on Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11010025. [PMID: 30634643 PMCID: PMC6359069 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper examines the complexation of anti-cancer small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) by cationic carbosilane dendrimers, and the interaction of the formed complexes with HeLa and HL-60 cancer cells. Stepwise formation of the complexes accompanied by the evolution of their properties has been observed through the increase of the charge ratio (dendrimer/siRNA). The complexes decrease the viability of both “easy-to-transfect” cells (HeLa) and “hard-to transfect” ones (HL-60), indicating a high potential of the cationic carbosilane dendrimers for siRNA delivery into tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Krasheninina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Evgeny K Apartsin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Elena Fuentes
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, UAH-IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aleksandra Szulc
- Department of General Biophysics, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Alya G Venyaminova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Dzmitry Shcharbin
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, 220072 Minsk, Belarus.
| | - F Javier de la Mata
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, UAH-IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Rafael Gόmez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, UAH-IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mukherjee N, Lu Y, Almeida A, Lambert K, Shiau CW, Su JC, Luo Y, Fujita M, Robinson WA, Robinson SE, Norris DA, Shellman YG. Use of a MCL-1 inhibitor alone to de-bulk melanoma and in combination to kill melanoma initiating cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:46801-46817. [PMID: 27086916 PMCID: PMC5564524 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MCL-1 (BCL-2 family anti-apoptotic protein) is responsible for melanoma's resistance to therapy. Cancer initiating cells also contribute to resistance and relapse from treatments. Here we examined the effects of the MCL-1 inhibitor SC-2001 in killing non melanoma-initiating-cells (bulk of melanoma), and melanoma-initiating-cells (MICs). By itself, SC-2001 significantly kills melanoma cells under monolayer conditions in vitro and in a conventional mouse xenograft model. However, even at high doses (10μM), SC-2001 does not effectively eliminate MICs. In contrast, the combination of SC-2001 with ABT-737 (a BCL-2/BCL-XL/BCL-W inhibitor) significantly decreases ALDH+ cells, disrupts primary spheres, and inhibits the self-renewability of MICs. These results were observed in multiple melanomas, including short term cultures of relapsed tumors from current treatments, independent of the mutation status of BRAF or NRAS. Using a low-cell-number mouse xenograft model, we examined the effects of these treatments on the tumor initiating ability of MIC-enriched cultures. The combination therapy reduces tumor formation significantly compared to either drug alone. Mechanistic studies using shRNA and the CRISPR-Cas9 technology demonstrated that the upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins NOXA and BIM contribute to the combination-induced cell death. These results indicate that the MCL-1 inhibitor SC-2001 combined with ABT-737 is a promising treatment strategy for targeting melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Mukherjee
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yan Lu
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Adam Almeida
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karoline Lambert
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chung-Wai Shiau
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chen Su
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuchun Luo
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mayumi Fujita
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - William A Robinson
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Steven E Robinson
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David A Norris
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dermatology Section, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Yiqun G Shellman
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Knapp CM, He J, Lister J, Whitehead KA. Lipid nanoparticle siRNA cocktails for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma. Bioeng Transl Med 2018; 3:138-147. [PMID: 30065968 PMCID: PMC6063866 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma is an aggressive and incurable subtype of non‐Hodgkin B cell lymphoma. Patients typically present with advanced disease, and most patients succumb within a decade of diagnosis. There is a clear and urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches that will affect mantle cell lymphoma through a unique mechanism compared to current therapies. This study examined the use of RNA interference (RNAi) therapy to attack mantle cell lymphoma at the mRNA level, silencing genes associated with cancer cell proliferation. We identified a lipid nanoparticle formulated with the lipidoid 306O13 that delivered siRNA to JeKo‐1 and MAVER‐1 mantle cell lymphoma cell lines. Three therapeutic gene targets were examined for their effect on lymphoma growth. These included Cyclin D1, which is a cell cycle regulator, as well as Bcl‐2 and Mcl‐1, which prevent apoptosis. Gene knockdown with siRNA doses as low at 10 nM increased lymphoma cell apoptosis without carrier‐mediated toxicity. Silencing of Cyclin D1 induced apoptosis despite a twofold “compensation” upregulation of Cyclin D2. Upon simultaneous silencing of all three genes, nearly 75% of JeKo‐1 cells were apoptosing 3 days post‐transfection. Furthermore, cells proliferated at only 15% of their pretreatment rate. These data suggest that lipid nanoparticles‐formulated, multiplexed siRNA “cocktails” may serve as a beneficial addition to the treatment regimens for mantle cell lymphoma and other aggressive cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jia He
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave. Pittsburgh PA 15213
| | - John Lister
- Div. of Hematology and Cellular Therapy Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute Pittsburgh PA 15224
| | - Kathryn A Whitehead
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering.,Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave. Pittsburgh PA 15213
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gutierrez-Ulloa CE, Buyanova MY, Apartsin EK, Venyaminova AG, de la Mata FJ, Valiente M, Gómez R. Amphiphilic carbosilane dendrons as a novel synthetic platform toward micelle formation. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:7352-7364. [PMID: 28829094 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01331k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel family of amphiphilic ionic carbosilane dendrons containing fatty acids at the focal point were synthesized and characterized. They spontaneously self-assembled in aqueous solution into micelles both in the absence and presence of salt, as confirmed by surface tension, conductivity, and DLS measurements. Dendron based micelles have spherical shapes and increase in size on decreasing dendron generation. These dendritic micelles have been demonstrated to be able to form complexes with therapeutic macromolecules such as siRNA and show a high loading capacity for drugs such as procaine, suggesting their potential use as nanocarriers for therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Gutierrez-Ulloa
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Yu Buyanova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Evgeny K Apartsin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Alya G Venyaminova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - F Javier de la Mata
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Valiente
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Multi-Target Inhibition of Cancer Cell Growth by SiRNA Cocktails and 5-Fluorouracil Using Effective Piperidine-Terminated Phosphorus Dendrimers. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids1010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
13
|
Jafarlou M, Shanehbandi D, Dehghan P, Mansoori B, Othman F, Baradaran B. Enhancement of chemosensitivity by simultaneously silencing of Mcl-1 and Survivin genes using small interfering RNA in human myelomonocytic leukaemia. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:1792-1798. [PMID: 29113504 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1392969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous, severe and rapidly progressing disease triggered by blocking granulocyte or monocyte differentiation and maturation. Overexpression of myeloid cell leukaemia-1 (Mcl-1) and Survivin is associated with drug resistance, tumour progression and inhibition of apoptotic mechanisms in leukaemia and several cancers. In the present study, we examined the combined effect of etoposide and dual siRNA-mediated silencing of Mcl-1 and Survivin on U-937 AML cells. The AML cells were co-transfected with Mcl-1 and Survivin-specific siRNAs and genes silencing were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. Subsequently, MTT assay was used for the evaluation of cytotoxic effects by dual siRNA and etoposide on their own and in combination. For the studying of apoptosis, DNA-histone ELISA and annexin-V/FITC assays were performed. Co-transfection of Mcl-1 and Survivin siRNA significantly blocked their expression at the mRNA and protein levels, leading to the induction of apoptosis and strong inhibition of growth (p < .05). Besides, combined treatment of etoposide with Mcl-1 and Survivin siRNAs co-transfection leads to synergistically enhance etoposide-induced cytotoxic and apoptotic effects (p < .05). The results showed that Mcl-1 and Survivin play a major role in the U937 cells survival and their resistance relative to etoposide. Thus, Mcl-1 and Survivin can be considered as promising molecular targets for the treatment of AML. The combination treatment with etoposide, and siRNA-mediated silencing of corresponding genes may be a novel strategy in chemoresistance AML treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Jafarlou
- a Immunology Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.,b Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UPM , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- a Immunology Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Parvin Dehghan
- c Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- a Immunology Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - F Othman
- b Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UPM , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- a Immunology Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Torres-Adorno AM, Lee J, Kogawa T, Ordentlich P, Tripathy D, Lim B, Ueno NT. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Enhances the Efficacy of MEK Inhibitor through NOXA-Mediated MCL1 Degradation in Triple-Negative and Inflammatory Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:4780-4792. [PMID: 28465444 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), diagnosed clinically, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), diagnosed by molecular receptor status, are the two most aggressive forms of breast cancer, and both lack effective targeted therapies. We previously demonstrated involvement of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor entinostat in regulating apoptosis in IBC and TNBC cells; here, we aimed to identify novel combination therapy candidates.Experimental Design: Potential therapeutic targets were identified by mRNA expression profiling of TNBC and IBC cells treated with entinostat. Drug action and synergism were assessed by in vitro proliferation assays, tumor growth in vivo, and proteomic analyses. Gain/loss-of-expression studies were utilized to functionally validate the role of identified targets in sensitivity of TNBC and IBC cells to combination therapy.Results: Entinostat induced activity of the oncogenic ERK pathway and expression of proapoptotic NOXA. These are known to stabilize and degrade, respectively, MCL1, an antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein. In breast cancer patients, high-MCL1/low-NOXA tumor expression correlated significantly with poor survival outcomes. Combination treatment of entinostat with MEK inhibitor pimasertib reduced the growth of TNBC and IBC cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo The synergistic action of combination therapy was observed in TNBC and IBC cell lines in which NOXA expression was induced following entinostat treatment. The therapeutic activity depended on induction of mitochondrial cell death pathways initiated by NOXA-mediated MCL1 degradation.Conclusions: Our preclinical findings provide a rationale for the clinical testing of combination HDAC and MEK pathway inhibition for TNBC and IBC that exhibit elevated baseline tumor MCL1 expression. Clin Cancer Res; 23(16); 4780-92. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angie M Torres-Adorno
- UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jangsoon Lee
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Takahiro Kogawa
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Debu Tripathy
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bora Lim
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Section of Translational Breast Cancer Research, Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Elgendy M, Abdel-Aziz AK, Renne SL, Bornaghi V, Procopio G, Colecchia M, Kanesvaran R, Toh CK, Bossi D, Pallavicini I, Perez-Gracia JL, Lozano MD, Giandomenico V, Mercurio C, Lanfrancone L, Fazio N, Nole F, Teh BT, Renne G, Minucci S. Dual modulation of MCL-1 and mTOR determines the response to sunitinib. J Clin Invest 2016; 127:153-168. [PMID: 27893461 DOI: 10.1172/jci84386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most patients who initially respond to treatment with the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib eventually relapse. Therefore, developing a deeper understanding of the contribution of sunitinib's numerous targets to the clinical response or to resistance is crucial. Here, we have shown that cancer cells respond to clinically relevant doses of sunitinib by enhancing the stability of the antiapoptotic protein MCL-1 and inducing mTORC1 signaling, thus evoking little cytotoxicity. Inhibition of MCL-1 or mTORC1 signaling sensitized cells to clinically relevant doses of sunitinib in vitro and was synergistic with sunitinib in impairing tumor growth in vivo, indicating that these responses are triggered as prosurvival mechanisms that enable cells to tolerate the cytotoxic effects of sunitinib. Furthermore, higher doses of sunitinib were cytotoxic, triggered a decline in MCL-1 levels, and inhibited mTORC1 signaling. Mechanistically, we determined that sunitinib modulates MCL-1 stability by affecting its proteasomal degradation. Dual modulation of MCL-1 stability at different dose ranges of sunitinib was due to differential effects on ERK and GSK3β activity, and the latter also accounted for dual modulation of mTORC1 activity. Finally, comparison of patient samples prior to and following sunitinib treatment suggested that increases in MCL-1 levels and mTORC1 activity correlate with resistance to sunitinib in patients.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1) protein is one of the key anti-apoptotic members of the B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) protein family. Over-expression of MCL-1 has been closely related to tumor progression as well as to resistance, not only to traditional chemotherapies but also to targeted therapeutics including BCL-2 inhibitors such as ABT-263. Therefore, there has been extensive research and development in the last decade in both academic and industrial settings to address this unmet medical need. Areas covered: This review covers the research and patent literature of the past 10 years in the field of discovery and development of small-molecule inhibitors of the MCL-1 anti-apoptotic protein. Expert opinion: Small-molecule strategies to disrupt the protein-protein interactions between MCL-1 and its pro-apoptotic counterparts, such as BAK and BIM, have recently emerged. Several small-molecules based on different scaffolds describe promising in vitro data as MCL-1 selective inhibitors. While many lead compounds remain at the in vitro preclinical development stage, the two most recent patent applications describe promising in vivo data, and one small molecule inhibitor has recently entered into clinical development. It is such an exciting moment that the long awaited clinical studies will generate some insight into the therapeutic potential of this anti-cancer approach, and possibly facilitate the further development of other early stage inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Chen
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Steven Fletcher
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , MD , USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cao S, Yu Y, Chen S, Lei D, Wang S, Pan X, Peng J. Inhibition of CDK9 induces apoptosis and potentiates the effect of cisplatin in hypopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 482:536-541. [PMID: 27847320 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) plays an important role in survival, chemo- and radioresistance of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Cyclin-dependent kinase 9/cyclin T (CDK9) promotes excessive production of multiple pro-survival proteins including Mcl-1, leading to impaired apoptosis of cancer cells. As such, CDK9 is an emerging therapeutic target in cancer therapy. We herein report the first study of targeting CDK9 as a treatment strategy for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC), an aggressive malignancy associated with one of the worst prognoses within HNSCC. We showed that mRNA levels of Mcl-1 were significantly higher in HSCC tumor tissues than in the adjacent non-tumor mucosae. In addition, the levels of Mcl-1 mRNA correlated with the tumor size and clinical stage of HSCC patients. CDKI-73, a potent CDK9 inhibitor, was capable of downregulating the expression of Mcl-1 in the HSCC cells by suppression of the CDK9 mediated phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II. CDKI-73 effectively induced apoptosis as a single agent and synergized anti-tumor activity of cisplatin in HSCC cells. Taken together, our study presents compelling evidence for developing CDK9 inhibitors, such as CDKI-73, as new therapeutic strategy for HSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengda Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yingyi Yu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shangren Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong, PR China
| | - Dapeng Lei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shudong Wang
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sansom Institute of Health Research and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA5000, Australia
| | - Xinliang Pan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Petit C, Gouel F, Dubus I, Heuclin C, Roget K, Vannier JP. Hypoxia promotes chemoresistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines by modulating death signaling pathways. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:746. [PMID: 27658583 PMCID: PMC5034444 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2776-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies show that bone marrow (BM) microenvironment and hypoxia condition can promote the survival of leukemic cells and induce resistance to anti-leukemic drugs. However, the molecular mechanism for chemoresistance by hypoxia is not fully understood. METHODS In the present study, we investigated the effect of hypoxia on resistance to two therapies, methotrexate (MTX) and prednisolone (PRD), in two cell models for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To look for an implication of hypoxia in chemoresistance, cell viability, total cell density and cell proliferation were analyzed. Survival and death signaling pathways were also screened by "reverse phase protein array" (RPPA) and western blotting experiments conducted on selected proteins to confirm the results. RESULTS We found that hypoxia promotes chemoresistance in both ALL cell lines. The induction of drug-resistance by hypoxia was not associated with an increase in total cell density nor an increase in cell proliferation. Using RPPA, we show that chemoresistance induced by hypoxia was mediated through an alteration of cell death signaling pathways. This protective effect of hypoxia seems to occur via a decrease in pro-apoptotic proteins and an increase in anti-apoptotic proteins. The results were confirmed by immunoblotting. Indeed, hypoxia is able to modulate the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins independently of chemotherapy while a pro-apoptotic signal induced by a chemotherapy is not modulated by hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia is a factor in leukemia cell resistance and for two conventional chemotherapies modulates cell death signaling pathways without affecting total cell density or cell proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Petit
- MERCI EA3829, Université de Rouen, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen, France
- BioSIMS Technologies, 75 Route de Lyons la forêt, Seine BioPolis, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - F. Gouel
- MERCI EA3829, Université de Rouen, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - I. Dubus
- MERCI EA3829, Université de Rouen, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - C. Heuclin
- BioSIMS Technologies, 75 Route de Lyons la forêt, Seine BioPolis, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - K. Roget
- Enterome, 94/96 avenue Ledru-Rollin, 75011 Paris, France
| | - J. P. Vannier
- MERCI EA3829, Université de Rouen, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Garg SM, Falamarzian A, Vakili MR, Aliabadi HM, Uludağ H, Lavasanifar A. Polymeric micelles for MCL-1 gene silencing in breast tumors following systemic administration. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:2319-39. [PMID: 27527491 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop delivery systems for efficient siRNA delivery to breast cancer. METHODS Poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ϵ-caprolactone-grafted-spermine) (PEO-b-P(CL-g-SP)) micelles were modified with cholesterol group in their core and with RGD4C peptide on their shell. Transfection efficiency of complexed MCL-1 siRNA in MDA-MB-435 was investigated, in vitro and in vivo following intratumoral and intravenous injection. RESULTS Cholesteryl modification of the core significantly increased the transfection efficiency of PEO-b-P(CL-g-SP)-complexed siRNA, in vitro, but not following intratumoral or intravenous administration, in vivo. Instead, RGD4C modification of the micellar shell enhanced transfection efficiency of complexed MCL-1 siRNA in tumor upon intravenous administration. CONCLUSION RGD4C-PEO-b-P(CL-g-SP) micelles, without or with cholesterol modification, can provide efficient delivery of siRNA to breast tumors following systemic administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyam M Garg
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Arash Falamarzian
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Vakili
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Hamidreza M Aliabadi
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.,Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Afsaneh Lavasanifar
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.,Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2V4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen L, Wilder PT, Drennen B, Tran J, Roth BM, Chesko K, Shapiro P, Fletcher S. Structure-based design of 3-carboxy-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines as inhibitors of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1). Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:5505-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02063h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel Mcl-1 inhibitor chemotype based on a tetrahydroquinoline carboxylic acid was developed utilizing structure-based design, which was subsequently validated by a fluorescence polarization competition assay and HSQC NMR analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - P. T. Wilder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Baltimore
- USA
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center
| | - B. Drennen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - J. Tran
- PharmD Program
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - B. M. Roth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Baltimore
- USA
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center
| | - K. Chesko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - P. Shapiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy
- Baltimore
- USA
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center
| | - S. Fletcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy
- Baltimore
- USA
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
de Oliveira MR, Nabavi SF, Habtemariam S, Erdogan Orhan I, Daglia M, Nabavi SM. The effects of baicalein and baicalin on mitochondrial function and dynamics: A review. Pharmacol Res 2015; 100:296-308. [PMID: 26318266 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in cell survival by providing energy, calcium buffering, and regulating apoptosis. A growing body of evidence shows that mitochondrial dysfunction and its consequences, including impairment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, excessive generation of reactive oxygen species, and excitotoxicity, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of different diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, neuropsychiatric disorders, and cancer. The therapeutical role of flavonoids on these diseases is gaining increasing acceptance. Numerous studies on experimental models have revealed the favorable role of flavonoids on mitochondrial function and structure. This review highlights the promising role of baicalin and its aglycone form, baicalein, on mitochondrial function and structure with a focus on its therapeutic effects. We also discuss their chemistry, sources and bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, ICET, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, CEP 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Medway School of Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee HE, Nam JS, Shin JA, Hong IS, Yang IH, You MJ, Cho SD. Convallaria keiskei as a novel therapeutic alternative for salivary gland cancer treatment by targeting myeloid cell leukemia-1. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E761-70. [PMID: 25914292 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various chemotherapeutic agents have been used largely for the treatment of salivary gland cancer. However, results are disappointing, and these agents can cause some serious side effects. Therefore, recent studies have focused on the possible roles of natural products to overcome these limitations. METHODS Salivary gland cancer cells treated with or without Convallaria keiskei (MECK) for 24 hours. Apoptotic changes were evaluated by live/dead assay, immunoblotting, and expression levels of caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma-2 family member. RESULTS MECK significantly inhibited salivary gland cancer growth. At the molecular level, MECK dramatically reduced myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) in a translation-dependent manner and thereby induced apoptosis through Bax/Bid. Furthermore, we found that Mcl-1 could be a potential therapeutic target of MECK-induced apoptosis and its stability is regulated by extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling CONCLUSION MECK can be used as a safe and efficient therapeutic alternative for the treatment of salivary gland cancer. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E761-E770, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haeng-Eun Lee
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Seok Nam
- Laboratory of Tumor Suppressor, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Shin
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sun Hong
- Laboratory of Tumor Suppressor, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - In-Hyoung Yang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jo You
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Centre, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dae Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Myeloid cell leukemia-1 is an important apoptotic survival factor in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Differ 2015; 22:2098-106. [PMID: 26045046 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2015.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second-most frequently diagnosed malignancy in US women. The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype, which lacks expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, afflicts 15% of patients and is refractory to current targeted therapies. Like many cancers, TNBC cells often deregulate programmed cell death by upregulating anti-apoptotic proteins of the B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family. One family member, myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1), is commonly amplified in TNBC and correlates with a poor clinical prognosis. Here we show the effect of silencing Mcl-1 and Bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform 1 (Bcl-xL) expression on viability in a panel of seventeen TNBC cell lines. Cell death was observed in a subset upon Mcl-1 knockdown. In contrast, Bcl-xL knockdown only modestly reduced viability, indicating that Mcl-1 is a more important survival factor. However, dual silencing of both Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL reduced viability in most cell lines tested. These proliferation results were recapitulated by BH3 profiling experiments. Treatment with a Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 peptide had only a moderate effect on any of the TNBC cell lines, however, co-dosing an Mcl-1-selective peptide with a peptide that inhibits Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 was effective in each line tested. Similarly, the selective Bcl-xL inhibitor WEHI-539 was only weakly cytotoxic across the panel, but sensitization by Mcl-1 knockdown markedly improved its EC50. ABT-199, which selectively inhibits Bcl-2, did not synergize with Mcl-1 knockdown, indicating the relatively low importance of Bcl-2 in these lines. Mcl-1 sensitivity is not predicted by mRNA or protein levels of a single Bcl-2 family member, except for only a weak correlation for Bak and Bax protein expression. However, a more comprehensive index composed of Mcl-1, Bcl-xL, Bim, Bak and Noxa protein or mRNA expression correlates well with Mcl-1 sensitivity in TNBC and can also predict Mcl-1 dependency in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.
Collapse
|
24
|
Shin JA, Hong IS, Oh S, Cho SD, Lee KE. Direct effect of streptozotocin on periodontal ligament cells through myeloid cell leukemia-1. J Periodontal Res 2015; 50:807-13. [PMID: 25824804 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that streptozotocin (STZ) has a direct impact on periodontal ligament cell (PDL) damage as a potential direct inducer of periodontitis. BACKGROUND Since diabetes was accepted as one of the risk factors for the development of periodontal disease, various scientific studies have been undertaken in the STZ-induced periodontal disease models. STZ induces β-cell damage and subsequent diabetes development in vivo. Until now, assessment of the impacts of STZ-induced experimental diabetes on periodontitis has generally been conducted on the fundamental assumption that STZ have no direct action on PDL and its function. However, several recent studies suggest that STZ also directly affect many different biological functions in various tissues or organs. MATERIAL AND METHODS To assess the apoptotic effects of STZ on PDLs, they were treated with or without STZ at different concentrations. Qualitative estimation of apoptotic cell death was obtained by live/dead assay. The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins were evaluated by western blot analysis. RESULTS STZ inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in PDLs in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, STZ dramatically induced Mcl-1 downregulation in a proteasome-dependent manner and thereby induced apoptosis of PDLs through the Bak/Bax apoptotic signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our results support the hypothesis that suppression of the cellular Mcl-1 levels by STZ may be at least partly attributed to the development of periodontitis in STZ-induced diabetic animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-A Shin
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-ju, Korea
| | - I-S Hong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.,Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Incheon, South Korea
| | - S Oh
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-ju, Korea
| | - S-D Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeon-ju, Korea
| | - K-E Lee
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk, National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dzmitruk V, Szulc A, Shcharbin D, Janaszewska A, Shcharbina N, Lazniewska J, Novopashina D, Buyanova M, Ionov M, Klajnert-Maculewicz B, Gómez-Ramirez R, Mignani S, Majoral JP, Muñoz-Fernández MA, Bryszewska M. Anticancer siRNA cocktails as a novel tool to treat cancer cells. Part (B). Efficiency of pharmacological action. Int J Pharm 2015; 485:288-94. [PMID: 25796120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines a perspective to use newly engineered nanomaterials as effective and safe carriers for gene therapy of cancer. Three different groups of cationic dendrimers (PAMAM, phosphorus, and carbosilane) were complexed with anticancer siRNA and the biophysical properties of the dendriplexes created were analyzed. The potential of the dendrimers as nanocarriers for anticancer Bcl-xl, Bcl-2, Mcl-1 siRNAs and additionally a scrambled sequence siRNA has been explored. Dendrimer/siRNA complexes were characterised by various methods including fluorescence, zeta potential, dynamic light scattering, circular dichroism, gel electrophoresis and transmission electron microscopy. In this part of study, the transfection of complexes in HeLa and HL-60 cells was analyzed using both single apoptotic siRNAs and a mixture (cocktail) of them. Cocktails were more effective than single siRNAs, allowing one to decrease siRNAs concentration in treating cells. The dendrimers were compared as siRNA carriers, the most effective being the phosphorus-based ones. However, they were also the most cytotoxic on their own, so that in this regard the application of all dendrimers in anticancer therapy will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volha Dzmitruk
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Aleksandra Szulc
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dzmitry Shcharbin
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Anna Janaszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Natallia Shcharbina
- Republican Research and Practical Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Joanna Lazniewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Darya Novopashina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marina Buyanova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Leibniz-Institut fur Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., HoheStrasse 6,01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rafael Gómez-Ramirez
- Departamento Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - Serge Mignani
- Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR, 860, Paris, France
| | | | - Maria Angeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain; Laboratorio de Inmunobiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Beclin 1 restrains tumorigenesis through Mcl-1 destabilization in an autophagy-independent reciprocal manner. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5637. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
27
|
Chae JI, Jeon YJ, Shim JH. Anti-proliferative properties of kahweol in oral squamous cancer through the regulation specificity protein 1. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1879-86. [PMID: 25196544 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Kahweol, the coffee-specific deterpene, has been shown to have potential anti-cancer effects against several cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer activity of kahweol have not yet established. In this study, we investigated whether kahweol could show anti-cancer effects on oral squamous cell lines (OSCCs), HN22 and HSC4. We conducted an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxy-phenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay, 4'-6-diamidino2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, propidium iodide staining, immunocytochemistry, and Western blot analysis for the characterization of kahweol and the underlying signaling pathway. We determined that kahweol-treated cells showed significantly decreased cell viability and increased nuclear condensation and an increased sub-G1 population in OSCCs. Interestingly, suppression of the transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1) was followed by induced apoptosis by kahweol in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, kahweol modulated the protein expression level of the Sp1 regulatory genes including cell cycle regulatory proteins and anti-apoptotic proteins, resulting in apoptosis. Taken together, results from these findings suggest that kahweol may be a potential anti-cancer drug candidate to induce apoptotic cell death through downregulation of Sp1 in OSCCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Oral Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 651-756, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Palve V, Mallick S, Ghaisas G, Kannan S, Teni T. Overexpression of Mcl-1L splice variant is associated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance in oral cancers. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111927. [PMID: 25409302 PMCID: PMC4237324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Altered expression of Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, has been linked to the progression and outcome of a variety of malignancies. We have previously reported the overexpression of Mcl-1 protein in human oral cancers. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of the expression of three known Mcl-1 isoforms in oral tumors and the effect of targeting Mcl-1L isoform on chemosensitivity of oral cancer cells. Methods The expression of Mcl-1 isoforms- Mcl-1L, Mcl-1S & Mcl-1ES was analyzed in 130 paired oral tumors and 9 oral cell lines using quantitative real-time PCR & protein by western blotting. The Mcl-1 mRNA levels were correlated with clinicopathological parameters and outcome of oral cancer patients. The effect of Mcl-1L shRNA or Obatoclax (a small molecule Mcl-1 inhibitor), in combination with Cisplatin on chemosensitivity of oral cancer cells was also assessed. Results Anti-apoptotic Mcl-1L was predominantly expressed, over low or undetectable pro-apoptotic Mcl-1S and Mcl-1ES isoforms. The Mcl-1L transcripts were significantly overexpressed in all cancer cell lines and in 64% oral tumors versus adjacent normals (P<0.02). In oral cancer patients, high Mcl-1L expression was significantly associated with node positivity (P = 0.021), advanced tumor size (P = 0.013) and poor overall survival (P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis indicated Mcl-1L to be an independent prognostic factor for oral cancers (P = 0.037). Mcl-1L shRNA knockdown or its inhibition by Obatoclax in combination with Cisplatin synergistically reduced viability and growth of oral cancer cells than either treatment alone. Conclusion Our studies suggest that overexpression of Mcl-1L is associated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance in oral cancers. Mcl-1L is an independent prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target in oral cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Palve
- Teni Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai-410210, India
| | - Sanchita Mallick
- Teni Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai-410210, India
| | - Gauri Ghaisas
- Teni Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai-410210, India
| | - Sadhana Kannan
- Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Unit (ECTU), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai-410210, India
| | - Tanuja Teni
- Teni Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai-410210, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Belmar J, Fesik SW. Small molecule Mcl-1 inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 145:76-84. [PMID: 25172548 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Bcl-2 family of proteins serves as primary regulators of apoptosis. Myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), a pro-survival member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is overexpressed and the Mcl-1 gene is amplified in many tumor types. Moreover, the overexpression of Mcl-1 is the cause of resistance to several chemotherapeutic agents. Thus, Mcl-1 is a promising cancer target. This review highlights the current progress on the discovery of small molecule Mcl-1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Belmar
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215 Garland Avenue, 607 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States
| | - Stephen W Fesik
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215 Garland Avenue, 607 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pro-survival role of MITF in melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 135:352-358. [PMID: 25142731 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is a therapy-resistant skin cancer due to numerous mechanisms supporting cell survival. Although components of melanoma cytoprotective mechanisms are overexpressed in many types of tumors, some of their regulators are characteristic for melanoma. Several genes mediating pro-survival functions have been identified as direct targets of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a melanocyte-specific modulator also recognized as a lineage addiction oncogene in melanoma. BRAF(V600E) and other proteins deregulated in melanoma influence MITF expression and activity, or they are the partners of MITF in melanoma response to radiotherapy and chemotherapeutics. In this review, the pro-survival activity of MITF is discussed.
Collapse
|
31
|
Frederick DT, Salas Fragomeni RA, Schalck A, Ferreiro-Neira I, Hoff T, Cooper ZA, Haq R, Panka DJ, Kwong LN, Davies MA, Cusack JC, Flaherty KT, Fisher DE, Mier JW, Wargo JA, Sullivan RJ. Clinical profiling of BCL-2 family members in the setting of BRAF inhibition offers a rationale for targeting de novo resistance using BH3 mimetics. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101286. [PMID: 24983357 PMCID: PMC4077767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While response rates to BRAF inhibitiors (BRAFi) are high, disease progression emerges quickly. One strategy to delay the onset of resistance is to target anti-apoptotic proteins such as BCL-2, known to be associated with a poor prognosis. We analyzed BCL-2 family member expression levels of 34 samples from 17 patients collected before and 10 to 14 days after treatment initiation with either vemurafenib or dabrafenib/trametinib combination. The observed changes in mRNA and protein levels with BRAFi treatment led us to hypothesize that combining BRAFi with a BCL-2 inhibitor (the BH3-mimetic navitoclax) would improve outcome. We tested this hypothesis in cell lines and in mice. Pretreatment mRNA levels of BCL-2 negatively correlated with maximal tumor regression. Early increases in mRNA levels were seen in BIM, BCL-XL, BID and BCL2-W, as were decreases in MCL-1 and BCL2A. No significant changes were observed with BCL-2. Using reverse phase protein array (RPPA), significant increases in protein levels were found in BIM and BID. No changes in mRNA or protein correlated with response. Concurrent BRAF (PLX4720) and BCL2 (navitoclax) inhibition synergistically reduced viability in BRAF mutant cell lines and correlated with down-modulation of MCL-1 and BIM induction after PLX4720 treatment. In xenograft models, navitoclax enhanced the efficacy of PLX4720. The combination of a selective BRAF inhibitor with a BH3-mimetic promises to be an important therapeutic strategy capable of enhancing the clinical efficacy of BRAF inhibition in many patients that might otherwise succumb quickly to de novo resistance. Trial registrations: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01006980; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01107418; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01264380; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01248936; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00949702; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01072175.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennie T. Frederick
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Roberto A. Salas Fragomeni
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aislyn Schalck
- Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Isabel Ferreiro-Neira
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Taylor Hoff
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zachary A. Cooper
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Genomic Medicine, University of Texas, M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rizwan Haq
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David J. Panka
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lawrence N. Kwong
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Genomic Medicine, University of Texas, M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Davies
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Genomic Medicine, University of Texas, M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - James C. Cusack
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Keith T. Flaherty
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David E. Fisher
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - James W. Mier
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Genomic Medicine, University of Texas, M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ryan J. Sullivan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhao RN, Fan S, Han JG, Liu G. Molecular dynamics study of segment peptides of Bax, Bim, and Mcl-1 BH3 domain of the apoptosis-regulating proteins bound to the anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 protein. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 33:1067-81. [PMID: 24865469 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2014.929028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mcl-1 has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of several malignancies. Peptides representing BH3 region of pro-apoptotic proteins have been shown to bind the hydrophobic cleft of anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 and this segment is responsible for modulating the apoptotic pathways in living cells. Understanding the molecular basis of protein-peptide interaction is required to develop potent inhibitors specific for Mcl-1. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed for Mcl-1 in complex with three different BH3 peptides derived from Mcl-1, Bax, and Bim. Accordingly, the calculated binding free energies using MM-PBSA method are obtained and comparison with the experimentally determined binding free energies is made. The interactions involving two conserved charged residues (Aspi, and Arg/Lysi-4) and three upstream conserved hydrophobic residues (Leui-5, Ile/Vali-2, and Glyi-1, respectively) of BH3 peptides play the important roles in the structural stability of the complexes. The calculated results exhibit that the interactions of Bim BH3 peptides to Mcl-1 is stronger than the complex with Bax 19BH3 peptides. The hydrophobic residues (position i - 9, i - 8 and i + 2) of BH3 peptides can be involved in their inhibitory specificity. The calculated results can be used for designing more effective MCL-1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ning Zhao
- a Institute of Applied Mathematics and Physics , Shanghai Dianji University , Shanghai 201306 , P.R. China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Grazia G, Penna I, Perotti V, Anichini A, Tassi E. Towards combinatorial targeted therapy in melanoma: from pre-clinical evidence to clinical application (review). Int J Oncol 2014; 45:929-49. [PMID: 24920406 PMCID: PMC4121406 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, clinical trials with BRAF and mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors have shown significant clinical activity in melanoma, but only a fraction of patients respond to these therapies, and development of resistance is frequent. This has prompted a large set of preclinical studies looking at several new combinatorial approaches of pathway- or target-specific inhibitors. At least five main drug association strategies have been verified in vitro and in preclinical models. The most promising include: i) vertical targeting of either MEK or phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways, or their combined blockade; ii) association of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) inhibitors with other pro-apoptotic strategies; iii) engagement of death receptors in combination with MEK-, mTOR/PI3K-, histone deacetylase (HDAC)-inhibitors, or with anti-apoptotic molecules modulators; iv) strategies aimed at blocking anti-apoptotic proteins belonging to B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) or inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) families associated with MEK/BRAF/p38 inhibition; v) co-inhibition of other molecules important for survival [proteasome, HDAC and Signal transducers and activators of transcription (Stat)3] and the major pathways activated in melanoma; vi) simultaneous targeting of multiple anti-apoptotic molecules. Here we review the anti-melanoma efficacy and mechanism of action of the above-mentioned combinatorial strategies, together with the potential clinical application of the most promising studies that may eventually lead to therapeutic benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Grazia
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Penna
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Perotti
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Anichini
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tassi
- Human Tumors Immunobiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Karami H, Baradaran B, Esfahani A, Sakhinia M, Sakhinia E. Therapeutic Effects of Myeloid Cell Leukemia-1 siRNA on Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Adv Pharm Bull 2014; 4:243-8. [PMID: 24754007 DOI: 10.5681/apb.2014.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Up-regulation of Mcl-1, a known anti-apoptotic protein, is associated with the survival and progression of various malignancies including leukemia. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of Mcl-1 small interference RNA (siRNA) on the proliferation and apoptosis of HL-60 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. METHODS siRNA transfection was performed using Lipofectamine™2000 reagent. Relative mRNA and protein expressions were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Trypan blue assay was performed to assess tumor cell proliferation after siRNA transfection. The cytotoxic effect of Mcl-1 siRNA on leukemic cells was measured using MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected using ELISA cell death assay. RESULTS Mcl-1 siRNA clearly lowered both Mcl-1 mRNA and protein levels in a time-dependent manner, leading to marked inhibition of cell survival and proliferation. Furthermore, Mcl-1 down-regulation significantly enhanced the extent of HL-60 apoptotic cells. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the down-regulation of Mcl-1 by siRNA can effectively trigger apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of leukemic cells. Therefore, Mcl-1 siRNA may be a potent adjuvant in AML therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Karami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Esfahani
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Shahid Ghazi Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masoud Sakhinia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ebrahim Sakhinia
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Reseach Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Karami H, Baradaran B, Esfehani A, Sakhinia M, Sakhinia E. Down-Regulation of Mcl-1 by Small Interference RNA Induces Apoptosis and Sensitizes HL-60 Leukemia Cells to Etoposide. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:629-35. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.2.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
36
|
Ionizing radiation-inducible microRNA miR-193a-3p induces apoptosis by directly targeting Mcl-1. Apoptosis 2013; 18:896-909. [PMID: 23546867 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0841-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The functions of microRNAs (miRNAs) as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in regulating cancer-related events have been established. We analyzed the alterations in the miRNA expression profile of the glioma cell line U-251 caused by ionizing radiation (IR) by using an miRNA array and identified several miRNAs whose expression was significantly affected by IR. Among the IR-responsive miRNAs, we further examined the function of miR-193a-3p, which exhibited the most significant growth-inhibiting effect. miR-193a-3p was observed to induce apoptosis in both U-251 and HeLa cells. We also demonstrated that miR-193a-3p induces the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage as determined by the level of γH2AX and by performing the comet assay. The induction of both apoptosis and DNA damage by miR-193a-3p was blocked by antioxidant treatment, indicating the crucial role of ROS in the action of miR-193a-3p. Among the putative target proteins, the expression of Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, decreased because of miR-193a-3p transfection. A reporter assay using a luciferase construct containing the 3'-untranslated region of Mcl-1 confirmed that Mcl-1 is a direct target of miR-193a-3p. Down-regulation of Mcl-1 by siRNA transfection closely mimicked the outcome of miR-193a-3p transfection showing increased ROS, DNA damage, cytochrome c release, and apoptosis. Ectopic expression of Mcl-1 suppressed the pro-apoptotic action of miR-193a-3p, suggesting that Mcl-1 depletion is critical for miR-193a-3p induced apoptosis. Collectively, our results suggest a novel function for miR-193a-3p and its potential application in cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
37
|
KIM DONGWOOK, KO SEONMI, JEON YOUNGJOO, NOH YOUNGWOOCK, CHOI NAGJIN, CHO SUNGDAE, MOON HONGSEOP, CHO YOUNGSIK, SHIN JAECHEN, PARK SEONMIN, SEO KANGSEOK, CHOI JIYOUNG, CHAE JUNGIL, SHIM JUNGHYUN. Anti-proliferative effect of honokiol in oral squamous cancer through the regulation of specificity protein 1. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1103-10. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
38
|
Hartman ML, Czyz M. Anti-apoptotic proteins on guard of melanoma cell survival. Cancer Lett 2013; 331:24-34. [PMID: 23340174 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis plays a pivotal role in sustaining proper tissue development and homeostasis. Evading apoptosis by cancer cells is a part of their adaption to microenvironment and therapies. Cellular integrity is predominantly maintained by pro-survival members of Bcl-2 family and IAPs. Melanoma cells are characterized by a labile and stage-dependent phenotype. Pro-survival molecules can protect melanoma cells from apoptosis and mediate other processes, thus enhancing aggressive phenotype. The essential role of Bcl-2, Mcl-1, Bcl-X(L), livin, survivin and XIAP was implicated for melanoma, often in a tumor stage-dependent fashion. In this review, the current knowledge of pro-survival machinery in melanoma is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz L Hartman
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Up-regulation of the apoptosis-regulatory gene Mcl-1 (myeloid cell leukemia-1) occurs in different cancer types and is linked with drug resistance to cancer therapies. It is well known that Mcl-1 pre-mRNA undergoes alternative splicing events to produce two functionally distinct proteins, Mcl-1S (pro-apoptotic) and Mcl-lL (anti-apoptotic); the latter isoform is predominant in different cancers including breast and ovarian cancer cells. In the present study we report that the RNA-binding protein (RBP) and proto-oncogene SRSF1 (serine and arginine-rich splicing factor 1) influences splicing of Mcl-1 in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and JAR choriocarcinoma cells; we also show for the first time that another RBP SRSF5 affects splicing of Mcl-1 in the MCF-7 cells. Moreover, we report that SRSF1 is involved in other aspects of Mcl-1 regulation with knockdown of SRSF1, by RNAi, resulting in a significant decrease in Mcl-1 protein levels in MCF-7 cells but an increase in JAR cells, respectively, by potentially affecting protein stability and translation of Mcl-l. The key findings from this study highlight the importance of the cellular context of different cancer cells for the function of multifunctional RBPs like SRSF1 and have implications for therapeutic approaches employed to target Mcl-1.
Collapse
|
40
|
Myeloid cell leukemia-1 is a key molecular target for mithramycin A-induced apoptosis in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells and a tumor xenograft animal model. Cancer Lett 2012; 328:65-72. [PMID: 23000424 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mithramycin A (Mith) is a natural polyketide that has been used in multiple areas of research including apoptosis of various cancer cells. Here, we examined the critical role of Mith in apoptosis and its molecular mechanism in DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells and tumor xenografts. Mith decreased cell growth and induced apoptosis in DU145 and PC-3 cells. Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) was over-expressed in both cell lines compared to RWPE1 cells. Mith inhibited Mcl-1 protein expression in both cells, but only altered Mcl-1 mRNA levels in PC-3 cells. We also found that Mith reduced Mcl-1 protein levels through both proteasome-dependent protein degradation and the inhibition of protein synthesis in DU145 cells. Studies using siRNA confirmed that the knockdown of Mcl-1 induced apoptosis. Mith significantly suppressed TPA-induced neoplastic cell transformation through the down-regulation of the Mcl-1 protein in JB6 cells, and suppressed the transforming activity of both cell types. Mith also inhibited tumor growth and Mcl-1 levels, in addition to inducing apoptosis, in athymic nude mice bearing DU145 cell xenografts without affecting five normal organs. Therefore, Mith inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis by suppressing Mcl-1 in both prostate cancer cells and xenograft tumors, and thus is a potent anticancer drug candidate for prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
41
|
Ling X, Cao S, Cheng Q, Keefe JT, Rustum YM, Li F. A novel small molecule FL118 that selectively inhibits survivin, Mcl-1, XIAP and cIAP2 in a p53-independent manner, shows superior antitumor activity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45571. [PMID: 23029106 PMCID: PMC3446924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug/radiation resistance to treatment and tumor relapse are major obstacles in identifying a cure for cancer. Development of novel agents that address these challenges would therefore be of the upmost importance in the fight against cancer. In this regard, studies show that the antiapoptotic protein survivin is a central molecule involved in both hurdles. Using cancer cell-based survivin-reporter systems (US 7,569,221 B2) via high throughput screening (HTS) of compound libraries, followed by in vitro and in vivo analyses of HTS-derived hit-lead compounds, we identified a novel anticancer compound (designated FL118). FL118 shows structural similarity to irinotecan. However, while the inhibition of DNA topoisomerase 1 activity by FL118 was no better than the active form of irinotecan, SN-38 at 1 µM, FL118 effectively inhibited cancer cell growth at less than nM levels in a p53 status-independent manner. Moreover, FL118 selectively inhibited survivin promoter activity and gene expression also in a p53 status-independent manner. Although the survivin promoter-reporter system was used for the identification of FL118, our studies revealed that FL118 not only inhibits survivin expression but also selectively and independently inhibits three additional cancer-associated survival genes (Mcl-1, XIAP and cIAP2) in a p53 status-independent manner, while showing no inhibitory effects on control genes. Genetic silencing or overexpression of FL118 targets demonstrated a role for these targets in FL118's effects. Follow-up in vivo studies revealed that FL118 exhibits superior antitumor efficacy in human tumor xenograft models in comparison with irinotecan, topotecan, doxorubicin, 5-FU, gemcitabine, docetaxel, oxaliplatin, cytoxan and cisplatin, and a majority of mice treated with FL118 showed tumor regression with a weekly × 4 schedule. FL118 induced favorable body-weight-loss profiles (temporary and reversible) and was able to eliminate large tumors. Together, the molecular targeting features of FL118 plus its superior antitumor activity warrant its further development toward clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ling
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Shousong Cao
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Qiuying Cheng
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - James T. Keefe
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Youcef M. Rustum
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- NCI-supported Experimental Therapeutics Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Fengzhi Li
- Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- NCI-supported Experimental Therapeutics Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
SHIN JIAE, KIM JUNSUNG, KWON KIHAN, NAM JEONGSEOK, JUNG JIYOUN, CHO NAMPYO, CHO SUNGDAE. Apoptotic effect of hot water extract of Sanguisorba officinalis L. in human oral cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2012; 4:489-494. [PMID: 23741248 PMCID: PMC3673655 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sanguisorba officinalis L. has been used in traditional Asian medicine to treat diseases including diarrhea, chronic intestinal infections, duodenal ulcers and bleeding. This study examined the antiproliferative effects and apoptotic activity of hot water extract of S. officinalis L. (HESO) on HSC4 and HN22 human oral cancer cells. The effects of HESO were evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-20yl)-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulphophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay, 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and western blot analysis. HESO was found to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in HSC4 and HN22 oral cancer cells. HESO downregulated myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) in HSC4 cells and was associated with the activation of Bak, resulting in Bak oligomerization on the mitochondrial outer membrane. HESO did not alter Mcl-1 expression in HN22 cells, but it decreased Sp1 expression. The downregulation of Sp1 by HESO in HN22 cells resulted in a decrease in survivin, a downstream target protein of Sp1. These results suggested that HESO inhibited the growth of oral cancer through either Mcl-1 or Sp1, indicating that HESO may serve as a potential drug candidate against oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JI-AE SHIN
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju
| | | | - KI-HAN KWON
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Welfare and Education, Gwangju University, Gwangju
| | - JEONG-SEOK NAM
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Inchon
| | - JI-YOUN JUNG
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Republic of Korea
| | - NAM-PYO CHO
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju
| | - SUNG-DAE CHO
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju
- Correspondence to: Professor Sung-Dae Cho, Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Protective effect of plaunotol against doxorubicin-induced renal cell death. J Nat Med 2012; 67:311-9. [PMID: 22752851 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-012-0683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In searching for a safe and effective compound to be used as a chemoprotective agent to prevent toxicity of the anthracyclin doxorubicin to renal cells, the present study demonstrated that plaunotol, a purified acyclic diterpene from Croton stellatopilosus Ohba, showed potential protection against doxorubicin-induced cell death in human proximal tubule cells. Treatment of renal cells with doxorubicin resulted in a significant decrease in viability of the cells, and we next proved that such toxicity was mainly due to apoptotic cell death. Pretreatment of the cells with plaunotol for at least 9 h prior to doxorubicin exposure improved the cells' survival. Plaunotol was shown to up-regulate the anti-apoptotic myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) level whereas it had no effect on the Bcl-2 level. The reduction in Mcl-1 after doxorubicin treatment was shown to be closely associated with the toxic action of the drug, and the increase in Mcl-1 induced by plaunotol pretreatment was able to prevent cell death induced by doxorubicin. Furthermore, the protective effect of plaunotol was evaluated in human lung and melanoma cells. Results indicated that plaunotol had no significantly protective effect in human lung carcinoma cells, whereas it sensitized melanoma cells to drug-induced cell death.
Collapse
|
44
|
Naci D, El Azreq MA, Chetoui N, Lauden L, Sigaux F, Charron D, Al-Daccak R, Aoudjit F. α2β1 integrin promotes chemoresistance against doxorubicin in cancer cells through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). J Biol Chem 2012; 287:17065-17076. [PMID: 22457358 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.349365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The role and the mechanisms by which β1 integrins regulate the survival and chemoresistance of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) still are poorly addressed. In this study, we demonstrate in T-ALL cell lines and primary blasts, that engagement of α2β1 integrin with its ligand collagen I (ColI), reduces doxorubicin-induced apoptosis, whereas fibronectin (Fn) had no effect. ColI but not Fn inhibited doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial depolarization, cytochrome c release, and activation of caspase-9 and -3. ColI but not Fn also prevented doxorubicin from down-regulating the levels of the prosurvival Bcl-2 protein family member Mcl-1. The effect of ColI on Mcl-1 occurred through the inhibition of doxorubicin-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Mcl-1 knockdown experiments showed that the maintenance of Mcl-1 levels is essential for ColI-mediated T-ALL cell survival. Furthermore, activation of MAPK/ERK, but not PI3K/AKT, is required for ColI-mediated inhibition of doxorubicin-induced JNK activation and apoptosis and for ColI-mediated maintenance of Mcl-1 levels. Thus, our study identifies α2β1 integrin as an important survival pathway in drug-induced apoptosis of T-ALL cells and suggests that its activation can contribute to the generation of drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Naci
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie/Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Pavillon CHUL, and Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Local T1-49, Québec G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Mohammed-Amine El Azreq
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie/Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Pavillon CHUL, and Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Local T1-49, Québec G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Nizar Chetoui
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie/Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Pavillon CHUL, and Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Local T1-49, Québec G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Laura Lauden
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMRS 940, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie Université Paris Denis Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - François Sigaux
- INSERM U944, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie Université Paris Denis Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Charron
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMRS 940, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie Université Paris Denis Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Reem Al-Daccak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMRS 940, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie Université Paris Denis Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Fawzi Aoudjit
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie/Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Pavillon CHUL, and Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Local T1-49, Québec G1V4G2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Senft D, Berking C, Graf SA, Kammerbauer C, Ruzicka T, Besch R. Selective induction of cell death in melanoma cell lines through targeting of Mcl-1 and A1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30821. [PMID: 22292048 PMCID: PMC3265511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is an often fatal form of skin cancer which is remarkably resistant against radio- and chemotherapy. Even new strategies that target RAS/RAF signaling and display unprecedented efficacy are characterized by resistance mechanisms. The targeting of survival pathways would be an attractive alternative strategy, if tumor-specific cell death can be achieved. Bcl-2 proteins play a central role in regulating survival of tumor cells. In this study, we systematically investigated the relevance of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, i.e., Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1, and A1, in melanoma cell lines and non-malignant cells using RNAi. We found that melanoma cells required the presence of specific antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins: Inhibition of Mcl-1 and A1 strongly induced cell death in some melanoma cell lines, whereas non-malignant cells, i.e., primary human fibroblasts or keratinocytes were not affected. This specific sensitivity of melanoma cells was further enhanced by the combined inhibition of Mcl-1 and A1 and resulted in 60% to 80% cell death in all melanoma cell lines tested. This treatment was successfully combined with chemotherapy, which killed a substantial proportion of cells that survived Mcl-1 and A1 inhibition. Together, these results identify antiapoptotic proteins on which specifically melanoma cells rely on and, thus, provide a basis for the development of new Bcl-2 protein-targeting therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Senft
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Saskia A. Graf
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Kammerbauer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruzicka
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Besch
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Stephenson-Famy A, Marks J, Suresh A, Caritis SN, Simhan H, Jeyasuria P, Condon JC. Antiapoptotic signaling via MCL1 confers resistance to caspase-3-mediated apoptotic cell death in the pregnant human uterine myocyte. Mol Endocrinol 2011; 26:320-30. [PMID: 22194343 DOI: 10.1210/me.2011-1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our group has previously identified elevated levels of nonapoptotic active caspase 3 (CASP3) accompanied by increased prosurvival, antiapoptotic signaling in the pregnant mouse uterus during late gestation. We speculated that increased antiapoptotic signaling desensitized the pregnant uterine myocyte to the apoptotic action of uterine CASP3. This current study examines the mechanism by which the pregnant myocyte gains resistance to the apoptotic effects of increased uterine CASP3. Using both primary human pregnant fundal myometrial cultures and the telomerase-immortalized human uterine myocyte cell line (hTERT) as our model systems, uterine myocytes were exposed to UV irradiation and Fas ligand to stimulate both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Stimulation of either the intrinsic or extrinsic apoptotic pathways resulted in elevated levels of uterine myocyte CASP3. However, apoptotic cell death was restricted to CASP3 activated by intrinsic stimulation via UV light. In contrast Fas ligand-mediated CASP3 activation was accompanied by increased antiapoptotic signaling mimicking our in vivo observations in the pregnant mouse uterus. Using small interfering RNA to inhibit antiapoptotic signaling, we determined the ability of the human uterine myocyte to resist apoptotic cell death in the absence of the prosurvival, antiapoptotic signaling. Accordingly, suppression of antiapoptotic signaling specifically mediated by myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 was sufficient to sensitize the uterine myocyte to undergo apoptotic cell death. These data demonstrate that elevated myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 levels are sufficient to confer apoptotic resistance on the human uterine myocyte despite highly elevated levels of active CASP3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Stephenson-Famy
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee Women's Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Small interfering RNA targeting mcl-1 enhances proteasome inhibitor-induced apoptosis in various solid malignant tumors. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:485. [PMID: 22078414 PMCID: PMC3226681 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is a promising approach for anticancer strategies. Recently, we found Bik accumulation in cancer cell lines after they were treated with bortezomib. However, recent evidence indicates that proteasome inhibitors may also induce the accumulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members. The current study was designed to analyze the levels of several anti-apoptotic members of Bcl-2 family in different human cancer cell lines after they were treated with proteasome inhibitors. Methods Different human cancer cell lines were treated with proteasome inhibitors. Western blot were used to investigate the expression of Mcl-1 and activation of mitochondrial apoptotic signaling. Cell viability was investigated using SRB assay, and induction of apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry. Results We found elevated Mcl-1 level in human colon cancer cell lines DLD1, LOVO, SW620, and HCT116; human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3; and human lung cancer cell line H1299, but not in human breast cancer cell line MCF7 after they were treated with bortezomib. This dramatic Mcl-1 accumulation was also observed when cells were treated with other two proteasome inhibitors, MG132 and calpain inhibitor I (ALLN). Moreover, our results showed Mcl-1 accumulation was caused by stabilization of the protein against degradation. Reducing Mcl-1 accumulation by Mcl-1 siRNA reduced Mcl-1 accumulation and enhanced proteasome inhibitor-induced cell death and apoptosis, as evidenced by the increased cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Conclusions Our results showed that it was not only Bik but also Mcl-1 accumulation during the treatment of proteasome inhibitors, and combining proteasome inhibitors with Mcl-1 siRNA would enhance the ultimate anticancer effect suggesting this combination might be a more effective strategy for cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
48
|
Lee HJ, Wall BA, Wangari-Talbot J, Shin SS, Rosenberg S, Chan JLK, Namkoong J, Goydos JS, Chen S. Glutamatergic pathway targeting in melanoma: single-agent and combinatorial therapies. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:7080-92. [PMID: 21844014 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Melanoma is a heterogeneous disease where monotherapies are likely to fail due to variations in genomic signatures. B-RAF inhibitors have been clinically inadequate but response might be augmented with combination therapies targeting multiple signaling pathways. We investigate the preclinical efficacy of combining the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib or the mutated B-RAF inhibitor PLX4720 with riluzole, an inhibitor of glutamate release that antagonizes metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) signaling in melanoma cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Melanoma cell lines that express GRM1 and either wild-type B-RAF or mutated B-RAF were treated with riluzole, sorafenib, PLX4720, or the combination of riluzole either with sorafenib or with PLX4720. Extracellular glutamate levels were determined by glutamate release assays. MTT assays and cell-cycle analysis show effects of the compounds on proliferation, viability, and cell-cycle profiles. Western immunoblotting and immunohistochemical staining showed apoptotic markers. Consequences on mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway were assessed by Western immunoblotting. Xenograft tumor models were used to determine the efficacy of the compounds in vivo. RESULTS The combination of riluzole with sorafenib exhibited enhanced antitumor activities in GRM1-expressing melanoma cells harboring either wild-type or mutated B-RAF. The combination of riluzole with PLX4720 showed lessened efficacy compared with the combination of riluzole and sorafenib in suppressing the growth of GRM1-expressing cells harboring the B-RAF(V600E) mutation. CONCLUSIONS The combination of riluzole with sorafenib seems potent in suppressing tumor proliferation in vitro and in vivo in GRM1-expressing melanoma cells regardless of B-RAF genotype and may be a viable therapeutic clinical combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Jin Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Takahashi H, Chen MC, Pham H, Angst E, King JC, Park J, Brovman EY, Ishiguro H, Harris DM, Reber HA, Hines OJ, Gukovskaya AS, Go VLW, Eibl G. Baicalein, a component of Scutellaria baicalensis, induces apoptosis by Mcl-1 down-regulation in human pancreatic cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1813:1465-74. [PMID: 21596068 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis (SB) and SB-derived polyphenols possess anti-proliferative activities in several cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PaCa). However, the precise molecular mechanisms have not been fully defined. SB extract and SB-derived polyphenols (wogonin, baicalin, and baicalein) were used to determine their anti-proliferative mechanisms. Baicalein significantly inhibited the proliferation of PaCa cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, whereas wogonin and baicalin exhibited a much less robust effect. Treatment with baicalein induced apoptosis with release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and activation of caspase-3 and -7 and PARP. The general caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk reversed baicalein-induced apoptosis, indicating a caspase-dependent mechanism. Baicalein decreased expression of Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family, presumably through a transcriptional mechanism. Genetic knockdown of Mcl-1 resulted in marked induction of apoptosis. The effect of baicalein on apoptosis was significantly attenuated by Mcl-1 over-expression, suggesting a critical role of Mcl-1 in this process. Our results provide evidence that baicalein induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells through down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic Mcl-1 protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, UCLA Center for Excellence in Pancreatic Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Liu H, Tekle C, Chen YW, Kristian A, Zhao Y, Zhou M, Liu Z, Ding Y, Wang B, Mælandsmo GM, Nesland JM, Fodstad O, Tan M. B7-H3 silencing increases paclitaxel sensitivity by abrogating Jak2/Stat3 phosphorylation. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:960-71. [PMID: 21518725 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-11-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In many types of cancer, the expression of the immunoregulatory protein B7-H3 has been associated with poor prognosis. Previously, we observed a link between B7-H3 and tumor cell migration and invasion, and in present study, we have investigated the role of B7-H3 in chemoresistance in breast cancer. We observed that silencing of B7-H3, via stable short hairpin RNA or transient short interfering RNA transfection, increased the sensitivity of multiple human breast cancer cell lines to paclitaxel as a result of enhanced drug-induced apoptosis. Overexpression of B7-H3 made the cancer cells more resistant to the drug. Next, we investigated the mechanisms behind B7-H3-mediated paclitaxel resistance and found that the level of Stat3 Tyr705 phosphorylation was decreased in B7-H3 knockdown cells along with the expression of its direct downstream targets Mcl-1 and survivin. The phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (Jak2), an upstream molecule of Stat3, was also significantly decreased. In contrast, reexpression of B7-H3 in B7-H3 knockdown and low B7-H3 expressing cells increased the phosphorylation of Jak2 and Stat3. In vivo animal experiments showed that B7-H3 knockdown tumors displayed a slower growth rate than the control xenografts. Importantly, paclitaxel treatment showed a strong antitumor activity in the mice with B7-H3 knockdown tumors, but only a marginal effect in the control group. Taken together, our data show that in breast cancer cells, B7-H3 induces paclitaxel resistance, at least partially by interfering with Jak2/Stat3 pathway. These results provide novel insight into the function of B7-H3 and encourage the design and testing of approaches targeting this protein and its partners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36604, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|