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E2F1 Affects the Therapeutic Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy in Breast Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:8168517. [PMID: 36164372 PMCID: PMC9509280 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8168517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed at screening genes for predicting the sensitivity response and favorable outcome of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer. We downloaded neoadjuvant therapy genetic data of breast cancer and separated it into the pathological complete response (pCR) group and the non-pCR group. Differential expression analysis was performed to select the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). After that, we investigated the enriched biological processes and pathways of DEGs. Then, core up/down protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was, respectively, constructed to identify the hub genes. A transcription factor-target gene regulation network was built to screen core transcription factors (TFs). We found one upregulated DEG (KLHDC7B) and four downregulated DEGs (TFF1, LOC440335, SLC39A6, and MLPH) overlapped in three datasets. All DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways related to DNA biosynthesis, cell cycle, immune response, metabolism, and angiogenesis. The hub genes were KRT18, IL7R, HIST1H1A, and E2F1. The core TFs were HOXA9, SPDEF, FOXA1, E2F1, and PGR. RT-qPCR suggested that E2F1 was overexpressed in MCF-7, but HOXA9 was low-expressed. Western blot suggested that the MAPK signal pathway was inhibited in MCF-7/ADR. That is to say, some genes and core TFs can predict the sensitivity response of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer. And E2F1 may be involved in the process of drug resistance by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway. These might be useful as sensitive genes for the efficacy evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.
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Matsushige T, Sakabe T, Umekita Y. Investigation of the Subcellular Localization-Dependent Anti- or Pro-Tumor Functions of Maspin in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line. Yonago Acta Med 2022; 65:44-52. [DOI: 10.33160/yam.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Matsushige
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sakabe
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Umekita
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
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Sakabe T, Wakahara M, Shiota G, Umekita Y. Role of cytoplasmic localization of maspin in promoting cell invasion in breast cancer with aggressive phenotype. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11321. [PMID: 34059749 PMCID: PMC8166868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90887-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary serine protease inhibitor (maspin) is a tumor suppressor gene that is downregulated during carcinogenesis and breast cancer progression. While the nuclear localization of maspin is essential for tumor suppression, we previously reported that the cytoplasmic localization of maspin was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. To understand the mechanisms that underlie oncogenic role of cytoplasmic maspin, we studied its biological function in breast cancer cell lines. Subcellular localization of maspin in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was mainly detected in the cytoplasm, whereas in MCF10A mammary epithelial cells, maspin was present in both cytoplasm and nucleus. In MDA-MB-231 cells, maspin overexpression promoted cell proliferation and cell invasion, whereas maspin downregulation resulted in the opposite effect. Further, we observed that SRGN protein levels were increased in MDA-MB-231 cells stably overexpressing maspin. Finally, maspin overexpression in MDA-MB-231 cells resulted in the N-cadherin and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related transcription factors upregulation, and TGFβ signaling pathway activation. These results suggested that cytoplasmic maspin enhances the invasive and metastatic potential in breast cancer cells with aggressive phenotype by inducing EMT via SRGN/TGFβ axis. This study demonstrated a novel biological function of cytoplasmic maspin in progression of breast cancer cells with an aggressive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Sakabe
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Makoto Wakahara
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Goshi Shiota
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Umekita
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
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Sun Q, Zhang K, Li H, Chen W, Liu L, Huang G, Zhang Q, Wang J, Lu L, Chen L, Wang R. The overexpression of maspin increases the sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma drug-resistant cells to docetaxel in vitro and in vivo. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1522. [PMID: 33313267 PMCID: PMC7729325 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background In this study, we found that maspin affects the development of drug resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. Therefore, it is important to clarify the role and mechanism of mammary serine protease inhibitor (maspin) in the regulation of adenocarcinoma drug resistance in order to improve individualized clinical treatment protocols and drug resistance interventions. Methods Immunohistochemical was used to detect maspin expression in tissue chip samples of 75 patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma and treated with a taxus chemotherapy regimen, and the correlation between maspin, clinicopathological factors, and prognosis was analyzed. The expression of maspin in a human lung adenocarcinoma docetaxel-resistant cell line, SPC-A1/DTX, and its parent cells were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot assay. MTT and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of knockdown or overexpression of maspin on chemotherapy sensitivity and apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Tumor cells were also analyzed in vivo to determine their tumorigenic ability and susceptibility to docetaxel. Results Maspin is poorly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissue chips that have received a taxus chemotherapy regimen, and is also closely related to poor grading, late stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis. Maspin has a low expression in drug-resistant cells, and the expression level of maspin decreases significantly with increases in docetaxel concentration and over time. In drug-resistant cells, knockdown of maspin can significantly affect the sensitivity of drug-resistant cells to docetaxel. In the chemotherapy-sensitive strain SPC-A1, maspin was mainly located in the cell nucleus, while in the chemotherapy-resistant strain SPC-A1/DTX, maspin was mainly located in the cytoplasm. An in vivo nude mouse xenograft model showed that an overexpression of maspin significantly increased the inhibitory effect of docetaxel on tumor-bearing tissues and the apoptosis rate, and markedly reduced tumor weight, volume, and the Ki-67–positive rate. Conclusions In vitro and in vivo experiments show that overexpression of maspin can increase the sensitivity of lung cancer drug-resistant cells to chemotherapy drugs, suggesting that the expression level of maspin could be used as a molecular marker to predict lung cancer drug resistance to docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leilei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guichun Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Longbang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Peng M, Ye L, Yang L, Liu X, Chen Y, Huang G, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Li D, He J, Qiu Z, Xiang T, Guo S. CAVIN2 is frequently silenced by CpG methylation and sensitizes lung cancer cells to paclitaxel and 5-FU. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1793-1810. [PMID: 33016107 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the biological functions and clinical significance of CAVIN2 in lung cancer. Materials & methods: Methylation-specific PCR was used to measure promoter methylation of CAVIN2. The function of CAVIN2 was tested by Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, Transwell, flow cytometric analysis, acridine orange/ethidium bromide, chemosensitivity assay and xenograft assay. Results: CAVIN2 is significantly downregulated by promoter methylation in lung cancer. CAVIN2 overexpression inhibits lung cancer cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, ectopic expression of CAVIN2 inhibits cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest, which sensitizes the chemosensitivity of lung cancer cells to paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil, but not cisplatin. Conclusion: CAVIN2 is a tumor suppressor in non-small-cell lung cancer and can sensitize lung cancer cells to paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Peng
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology & Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinzhu Liu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Guichuan Huang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology & Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology & Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dairong Li
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jin He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology & Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhu Qiu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology & Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology & Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shuliang Guo
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Chen J, Wang L, Tang Y, Gong G, Liu L, Chen M, Chen Z, Cui Y, Li C, Cheng X, Qi L, Zu X. Maspin enhances cisplatin chemosensitivity in bladder cancer T24 and 5637 cells and correlates with prognosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients receiving cisplatin based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:2. [PMID: 26733306 PMCID: PMC4702361 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0282-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Maspin, a non-inhibitory member of the serine protease inhibitor superfamily, has been characterized as a tumor suppressor gene in multiple cancer types. Chemotherapeutic insensitivity is one of major obstacles to effectively treating muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). This study was conducted to investigate the role and probable mechanism of Maspin enhancing cisplatin chemosensitivity of bladder cancer in vitro and MIBC patients. Methods Maspin expression was quantified by qRT-PCR in two MIBC cell lines (T24 and 5637). After successful established Maspin overexpression model by lipidosome transfection, MTT and cell apoptosis assay were used to assess the MIBC’s cisplatin sensitivity. Western blot method was used to test PI3K/ AKT/mTOR signal passway and apoptosis related molecules Caspase3 and Bcl-2. Additionally, we evaluated Maspin expression and prognosis in 62 MIBC cases who underwent cisplatin based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) using immunohistochemistry. Result Upregulate Maspin expression could enhance the chemosensitivity induced by cisplatin in T24 and 5637 cell lines. The cell viability, cloning ability and IC50 were reduced while apoptosis rate was upregulated when cells were transfected Maspin. Phospho(p)-AKT, PI3K, mTOR, and Bcl-2 expression were significantly decreased, whereas Caspase3 was greatly increased in the Maspin group. In the clinic study, there was significant correlation between Maspin expression and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rate in MIBC patients who received cisplatin based NACT. Conclusion Maspin could enhance cisplatin chemosensitivity in T24 and 5637 cell lines. Its expression correlated with prognosis of MIBC patients who received cisplatin based neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Yunhua Tang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Guanghui Gong
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Longfei Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Minfeng Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Yu Cui
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Xiongbing Zu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
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Robl B, Pauli C, Botter SM, Bode-Lesniewska B, Fuchs B. Prognostic value of tumor suppressors in osteosarcoma before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:379. [PMID: 25956431 PMCID: PMC4435808 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary bone cancers are among the deadliest cancer types in adolescents, with osteosarcomas being the most prevalent form. Osteosarcomas are commonly treated with multi-drug neoadjuvant chemotherapy and therapy success as well as patient survival is affected by the presence of tumor suppressors. In order to assess the prognostic value of tumor-suppressive biomarkers, primary osteosarcoma tissues were analyzed prior to and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods We constructed a tissue microarray from high grade osteosarcoma samples, consisting of 48 chemotherapy naïve biopsies (BXs) and 47 tumor resections (RXs) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We performed immunohistochemical stainings of P53, P16, maspin, PTEN, BMI1 and Ki67, characterized the subcellular localization and related staining outcome with chemotherapy response and overall survival. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze chemotherapy response and Kaplan-Meier-analysis as well as the Cox proportional hazards model was applied for analysis of patient survival. Results No significant associations between biomarker expression in BXs and patient survival or chemotherapy response were detected. In univariate analysis, positive immunohistochemistry of P53 (P = 0.008) and P16 (P16; P = 0.033) in RXs was significantly associated with poor survival prognosis. In addition, presence of P16 in RXs was associated with poor survival in multivariate regression analysis (P = 0.003; HR = 0.067) while absence of P16 was associated with good chemotherapy response (P = 0.004; OR = 74.076). Presence of PTEN on tumor RXs was significantly associated with an improved survival prognosis (P = 0.022). Conclusions Positive immunohistochemistry (IHC) of P16 and P53 in RXs was indicative for poor overall patient survival whereas positive IHC of PTEN was prognostic for good overall patient survival. In addition, we found that P16 might be a marker of osteosarcoma chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, our study supports the use of tumor RXs to assess the prognostic value of biomarkers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1397-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Robl
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sander Martijn Botter
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Bruno Fuchs
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Liao XH, Li YQ, Wang N, Zheng L, Xing WJ, Zhao DW, Yan TB, Wang Y, Liu LY, Sun XG, Hu P, Zhou H, Zhang TC. Re-expression and epigenetic modification of maspin induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells mediated by myocardin. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1335-46. [PMID: 24607789 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. It is well known that oncogene activation and anti-oncogene inactivation affect the development and progression of breast cancer, but the role of oncogene activation and anti-oncogene inactivation in breast cancer is still not fully understood. We now report that maspin acts as a tumor suppressor gene to induce MCF-7 cell apoptosis. In addition, maspin promoter hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation lead to silencing of maspin gene expression in MCF-7 cells. Moreover, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dc) and/or the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) strongly up-regulated the expression of maspin in MCF-7 cells. Notably, myocardin can promote the re-expression of maspin in MCF-7 cells. Luciferase assay shows that myocardin activates the transcription of maspin promoter by CArG box. More importantly, 5-aza-dc/TSA and myocardin synergetically enhance re-expression of maspin and augment maspin-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Thus, these data reveal the new insight that myocardin meditates apoptosis in breast cancer through affecting maspin re-expression and epigenetic modification to regulate the development of breast cancer, thereby raising the possibility of its use in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Hua Liao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China; Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China
| | - Yan-Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China.
| | - Li Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Xing
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China
| | - Dong-Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China
| | - Ting-Bao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China
| | - Long-Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China
| | - Xue-Guang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China
| | - Peng Hu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China
| | - Tong-Cun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education and Tianjin, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300457, PR China; Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 430000, PR China.
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Machowska M, Wachowicz K, Sopel M, Rzepecki R. Nuclear location of tumor suppressor protein maspin inhibits proliferation of breast cancer cells without affecting proliferation of normal epithelial cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:142. [PMID: 24581141 PMCID: PMC3975902 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maspin, which is classified as a tumor suppressor protein, is downregulated in many types of cancer. Several studies have suggested potential anti-proliferative activity of maspin as well as sensitizing activity of maspin for therapeutic cytotoxic agents in breast cancer tissue culture and animal models. All of the experimental data gathered so far have been based on studies with maspin localized cytoplasmically, while maspin in breast cancer tumor cells may be located in the cytoplasm, nucleus or both. In this study, the effect of maspin cytoplasmic and nuclear location and expression level on breast cancer proliferation and patient survival was studied. Methods Tissue sections from 166 patients with invasive ductal breast cancer were stained by immunohistochemistry for maspin and Ki-67 protein. The localization and expression level of maspin were correlated with estimated patient overall survival and percent of Ki-67-positive cells. In further studies, we created constructs for transient transfection of maspin into breast cancer cells with targeted cytoplasmic and nuclear location. We analyzed the effect of maspin location in normal epithelial cell line MCF10A and three breast cancer cell lines - MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and SKBR-3 - by immunofluorescence and proliferation assay. Results We observed a strong positive correlation between moderate and high nuclear maspin level and survival of patients. Moreover, a statistically significant negative relationship was observed between nuclear maspin and Ki-67 expression in patients with invasive ductal breast cancer. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between level of maspin localized in nucleus and percentage of Ki-67 positive cells. No such differences were observed in cells with cytoplasmic maspin. We found a strong correlation between nuclear maspin and loss of Ki-67 protein in breast cancer cell lines, while there was no effect in normal epithelial cells from breast. The anti-proliferative effect of nuclear maspin on breast cancer cells was statistically significant in comparison to cytoplasmic maspin. Conclusions Our results suggest that nuclear maspin localization may be a prognostic factor in breast cancer and may have a strong therapeutic potential in gene therapy. Moreover, these data provide a new insight into the role of cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of maspin in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ryszard Rzepecki
- Laboratory of Nuclear Proteins, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 63/77 Przybyszewskiego Street, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland.
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Feldstein O, Nizri T, Doniger T, Jacob J, Rechavi G, Ginsberg D. The long non-coding RNA ERIC is regulated by E2F and modulates the cellular response to DNA damage. Mol Cancer 2013; 12:131. [PMID: 24168400 PMCID: PMC4176120 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human genome encodes thousands of unique long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and these transcripts are emerging as critical regulators of gene expression and cell fate. However, the transcriptional regulation of their expression is not fully understood. The pivotal transcription factor E2F1 which can induce both proliferation and cell death, is a critical downstream target of the tumor suppressor, RB. The retinoblastoma pathway is often inactivated in human tumors resulting in deregulated E2F activity. RESULTS Here, we report that lncRNA XLOC 006942, which we named ERIC, is regulated by E2F1 and, most probably, also E2F3. We show that expression levels of ERIC were elevated upon activation of exogenous E2F1, E2F3 or endogenous E2Fs. Moreover, knockdown of either E2F1 or E2F3 reduced ERIC levels and endogenous E2F1 binds ERIC's promoter. Expression of ERIC was cell cycle regulated and peaked in G1 in an E2F1-dependent manner. Inhibition of ERIC expression increased E2F1-mediated apoptosis, suggesting that E2F1 and ERIC constitute a negative feedback loop that modulates E2F1 activity. Furthermore, ERIC levels were increased following DNA damage by the chemotherapeutic drug Etoposide, and inhibition of ERIC expression enhanced Etoposide -induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify ERIC as a novel lncRNA that is transcriptionally regulated by E2Fs, and restricts apoptosis induced by E2F1, as well as by DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Doron Ginsberg
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Science, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel.
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Bodenstine TM, Seftor REB, Khalkhali-Ellis Z, Seftor EA, Pemberton PA, Hendrix MJC. Maspin: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2013; 31:529-51. [PMID: 22752408 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-012-9361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Maspin, a non-inhibitory member of the serine protease inhibitor superfamily, has been characterized as a tumor suppressor gene in multiple cancer types. Among the established anti-tumor effects of Maspin are the inhibition of cancer cell invasion, attachment to extracellular matrices, increased sensitivity to apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis. However, while significant experimental data support the role of Maspin as a tumor suppressor, clinical data regarding the prognostic implications of Maspin expression have led to conflicting results. This highlights the need for a better understanding of the context dependencies of Maspin in normal biology and how these are perturbed in the context of cancer. In this review, we outline the regulation and roles of Maspin in normal and developmental biology while discussing novel evidence and emerging theories related to its functions in cancer. We provide insight into the immense therapeutic potential of Maspin and the challenges related to its successful clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Bodenstine
- Children's Hospital of Chicago Research Center, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Avenue, Box 222, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Kaplun A, Dzinic S, Bernardo M, Sheng S. Tumor suppressor maspin as a rheostat in HDAC regulation to achieve the fine-tuning of epithelial homeostasis. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 2013; 22:249-58. [PMID: 23140166 DOI: 10.1615/critreveukargeneexpr.v22.i3.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Maspin, a class II tumor suppressor, is often downregulated during tumor progression and its depletion from the nucleus is associated with poor prognosis. Recently, we reported that reintroduction of maspin is sufficient for redifferentiation of prostate cancer cells to epithelial phenotype, a reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. We have linked this effect of maspin with its ability to directly inhibit HDAC1, thereby influencing the acetylation state of transcription factors and other proteins. Maspin overexpression leads to changes in the expression level of a large number of proteins and these changes are often microenvironment specific. In this review, we summarize the epigenetic effects of maspin and provide comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of microarray-derived gene expression changes caused by maspin in different microenvironments. The analysis was performed on multiple levels, including identification of statistically enriched gene ontology groups, detection of overreprepresented transcription factors binding sites in promoters of differentially expressed genes, followed by searching for key nodes of regulatory networks controlling these transcription factors. The results are consistent with our hypothesis that maspin serves as an endogenous regulator of HDAC activity and suggest that the effect of maspin is primarily mediated by TGFβ, β-catenin/E-cadherin pathways, and network key nodes such as Abl kinase, p62, IL1, and caspases 6 and 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kaplun
- Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Hrabakova R, Kollareddy M, Tyleckova J, Halada P, Hajduch M, Gadher SJ, Kovarova H. Cancer cell resistance to aurora kinase inhibitors: identification of novel targets for cancer therapy. J Proteome Res 2012; 12:455-69. [PMID: 23151231 DOI: 10.1021/pr300819m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is the major obstacle to successful cancer therapy. Our study focuses on resistance to Aurora kinase inhibitors tested as anti-cancer drugs in clinical trials. We have used 2D electrophoresis in the pH ranges of 4-7 and 6-11 followed by protein identification using MALDI-TOF/TOF to compare the protein composition of HCT116 colon cancer cells either sensitive to CYC116 and ZM447439 inhibitors or resistant toward these drugs. The analysis also included p53(+/+) and p53(-/-) phenotypes of HCT116 cells. Our findings demonstrate that platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase and GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran contribute to the development of resistance to ZM447439 only where resistance is related to p53. On the other hand, serine hydroxymethyltransferase was found to promote the tumor growth in cells resistant to CYC116 without the influence of p53. Computer modeling of interaction networks highlighted a direct link of the p53-independent mechanism of resistance to CYC116 with autophagy. Importantly, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, serpin B5, and calretinin represent the target proteins that may help overcome resistance in combination therapies. In addition, serpin B5 and calretinin appear to be candidate biomarkers that may be accessible in patients for monitoring of cancer therapy with ease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Hrabakova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, AS CR, vvi, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Germ Cells, Rumburska 89, 277 21 Libechov, Czech Republic
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Kim M, Ju H, Lim B, Kang C. Maspin genetically and functionally associates with gastric cancer by regulating cell cycle progression. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:2344-50. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Lei KF, Liu BY, Jin XL, Guo Y, Ye M, Zhu ZG. Prognostic value of nuclear maspin expression for adjuvant 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer. Exp Ther Med 2012; 3:993-998. [PMID: 22970005 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the prognostic and predictive value of maspin expression for the clinical response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer (GC) patients, the expression of maspin in primary tumors from 127 patients with advanced GC was examined using immunohistochemistry. Of the 127 patients, 74 were treated with surgery alone and 53 received additional adjuvant 5-FU-based chemotherapy. Nuclear and cytoplasmic maspin expression was observed in 46.5 (59/127) and 68.5% (87/127) of patients, respectively. Nuclear maspin immunoreactivity was significantly associated with larger tumor size (p=0.036), the depth of tumor invasion (p=0.02) and lymph node metastasis (p=0.002). Cytoplasmic maspin immunoreactivity was associated with tumor cell differentiation but not with the other clinicopathological variables. Nuclear maspin immunoreactivity had a significant association with overall survival (OS). Among the nuclear maspin-expressing patients, those who were treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy showed significantly longer OS than those without chemotherapy (p=0.0004). In conclusion, nuclear maspin expression is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with advanced GC. Patients with positive nuclear maspin expression may be more responsive to adjuvant 5-FU chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Feng Lei
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025
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Goulet B, Chan G, Chambers AF, Lewis JD. An emerging role for the nuclear localization of maspin in the suppression of tumor progression and metastasis. Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 90:22-38. [PMID: 22047058 DOI: 10.1139/o11-053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maspin, a member of the serpin family of serine protease inhibitors, was originally identified as a tumor suppressor that is expressed in normal mammary epithelial cells but is reduced or absent in breast carcinomas. Early enthusiasm for maspin as a biomarker for disease progression has been tempered by clinical data that associates maspin with favourable outcomes in some studies and poor prognosis in others. Here, we review all of the published clinical studies for maspin in breast and ovarian cancers and propose that the apparent discordance between clinical reports is a consequence of differential cellular distribution of maspin. Indeed, it was thought that an extracellular pool of maspin possessed tumor suppressor activity, acting by inhibiting migration and increasing cell adhesion. Recent evidence from our group and others indicates, however, that the nuclear localization of maspin in cancer cells is necessary for its tumor suppressor activity. We provide additional data here to demonstrate that nuclear-localized maspin binds to chromatin and is required to effectively prevent cells from metastasizing. Our knowledge of other serpins that localize to the nucleus should help to inform future studies of nuclear maspin. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms regulating the localization and activities of maspin should pave the way for the development of improved diagnostics and therapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Goulet
- London Regional Cancer Program, Translational Prostate Cancer Research Group, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
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Bernardo MM, Meng Y, Lockett J, Dyson G, Dombkowski A, Kaplun A, Li X, Yin S, Dzinic S, Olive M, Dean I, Krass D, Moin K, Bonfil RD, Cher M, Sakr W, Sheng S. Maspin reprograms the gene expression profile of prostate carcinoma cells for differentiation. Genes Cancer 2011; 2:1009-22. [PMID: 22737267 PMCID: PMC3379563 DOI: 10.1177/1947601912440170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maspin is an epithelial-specific tumor suppressor gene. Previous data suggest that maspin expression may redirect poorly differentiated tumor cells to better differentiated phenotypes. Further, maspin is the first and only endogenous polypeptide inhibitor of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) identified thus far. In the current study, to address what central program of tumor cell redifferentiation is regulated by maspin and how tumor microenvironments further define the effects of maspin, we conducted a systematic and extensive comparison of prostate tumor cells grown in 2-dimensional culture, in 3-dimensional collagen I culture, and as in vivo bone tumors. We showed that maspin was sufficient to drive prostate tumor cells through a spectrum of temporally and spatially polarized cellular processes of redifferentiation, a reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Genes commonly regulated by maspin were a small subset of HDAC target genes that are closely associated with epithelial differentiation and TGFβ signaling. These results suggest that a specific endogenous HDAC inhibitor may regulate one functionally related subset of HDAC target genes, although additional maspin-induced changes of gene expression may result from tumor interaction with its specific microenvironments. Currently, EMT is recognized as a critical step in tumor progression. To this end, our current study uncovered a link between maspin and a specific mechanism of prostate epithelial differentiation that can reverse EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yonghong Meng
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jaron Lockett
- The National Institute of Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Xiaohua Li
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shuping Yin
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sijana Dzinic
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mary Olive
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ivory Dean
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David Krass
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kamiar Moin
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Michael Cher
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Wael Sakr
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shijie Sheng
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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Guo F, Kang S, Zhou P, Guo L, Ma L, Hou J. Maspin expression is regulated by the non-canonical NF-κB subunit in androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cell lines. Mol Immunol 2011; 49:8-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Beltran AS, Blancafort P. Reactivation of MASPIN in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells by artificial transcription factors (ATFs). Epigenetics 2011; 6:224-35. [PMID: 20948306 DOI: 10.4161/epi.6.2.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor genes have antiproliferative and antimetastatic functions, and thus, they negatively affect tumor progression. Reactivating specific tumor suppressor genes would offer an important therapeutic strategy to block tumor progression. Mammary Serine Protease Inhibitor (MASPIN) is a tumor suppressor gene that is not mutated or rearranged in tumor cells, but is silenced during metastatic progression by transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. In this work, we have investigated the ability of Artificial Transcription Factors (ATFs) to reactivate MASPIN expression and to reduce tumor growth and metastatic dissemination in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines carrying a hypermethylated MASPIN promoter. We found that the ATFs linked to transactivator domains were able to demethylate the MASPIN promoter. Consistently, we observed that co-treatment of ATF-transduced cells with methyltransferase inhibitors enhanced MASPIN expression as well as induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition to tumor suppressive functions, restoration of endogenous MASPIN expression was accompanied by inhibition of metastatic dissemination in nude mice. ATF-mediated reactivation of MASPIN lead to changes in cell motility and to induction of E-CADHERIN. These data suggest that ATFs are able to reprogram aggressive lung tumor cells towards a more epithelial, differentiated phenotype, and thus, represent novel therapeutic agents for metastatic lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana S Beltran
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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