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Liu Y, Shao K, Yang W, Shen Q, Lu M, Shao Z, Chu S, Wang Y, Wang X, Chen X, Bai J, Wu X. Phosphorylated FOXQ1, a novel substrate of JNK1, inhibits sorafenib-induced ferroptosis by activating ETHE1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:395. [PMID: 38839744 PMCID: PMC11153576 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06789-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous and malignant cancer with poor overall survival. The application of sorafenib is a major breakthrough in the treatment of HCC. In our study, FOXQ1 was significantly overexpressed in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells and suppressed sorafenib-induced ferroptosis. We found that phosphorylation of FOXQ1 at serine 248 is critical for the suppression of sorafenib-induced ferroptosis. Furthermore, as the upstream phosphorylation kinase of FOXQ1, JNK1, which is activated by sorafenib, can directly phosphorylate the serine 248 site of FOXQ1. Then, the phosphorylated FOXQ1 got a high affinity for the promoter of ETHE1 and activates its transcription. Further flow cytometry results showed that ETHE1 reduced intracellular lipid peroxidation and iron levels. Collectively, our study implicated the JNK1-FOXQ1-ETHE1 axis in HCC ferroptosis induced by sorafenib, providing mechanistic insight into sensitivity to sorafenib therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Liu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ke Shao
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Rugao, Affiliated Rugao Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wendong Yang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Shen
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengru Lu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhiying Shao
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sufang Chu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Jin Bai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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2
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Jain SM, Deka D, Das A, Paul S, Pathak S, Banerjee A. Role of Interleukins in Inflammation-Mediated Tumor Immune Microenvironment Modulation in Colorectal Cancer Pathogenesis. Dig Dis Sci 2023:10.1007/s10620-023-07972-8. [PMID: 37277647 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-07972-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor cells invade and spread through a procedure termed as epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT). EMT is triggered by any alterations in the genes that encode the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, the enzymes that break down the ECM, and the activation of the genes that causes the epithelial cell to change into a mesenchymal type. The transcription factors NF-κB, Smads, STAT3, Snail, Zeb, and Twist are activated by inflammatory cytokines, for instance, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Tumor Growth Factors, Interleukin-1, Interleukin-8, and Interleukin-6, which promotes EMT. MATERIALS The current piece of work has been reviewed from the literature works published in last 10 years on the role interleukins in inflammation-mediated tumor immune microenvironment modulation in colorectal cancer pathogenesis utilizing the databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct. RESULTS Recent studies have demonstrated that pathological situations, such as epithelial malignancies, exhibit EMT characteristics, such as the downregulation of epithelial markers and the overexpression of mesenchymal markers. Several growing evidence have also proved its existence in the human colon during the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer. Most often, persistent inflammation is thought to be one factor contributing to the initiation of human cancers, such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, according to epidemiologic and clinical research, people with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease have a greater probability of developing CRC. CONCLUSION A substantial amount of data points to the involvement of the NF-κB system, SMAD/STAT3 signaling cascade, microRNAs, and the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase/Snail/Slug in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-mediated development of colorectal malignancies. As a result, EMT is reported to play an active task in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, and therapeutic interventions targeting the inflammation-mediated EMT might serve as a novel strategy for treating CRC. The illustration depicts the relationship between interleukins and their receptors as a driver of CRC development and the potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samatha M Jain
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, 603103, India
| | - Dikshita Deka
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, 603103, India
| | - Alakesh Das
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, 603103, India
| | - Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No.500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Querétaro, CP, Mexico
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, 603103, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, 603103, India.
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Liu N, Zhang T, Steer CJ, Song G. MicroRNA-378a-3p prevents initiation and growth of colorectal cancer by fine tuning polyamine synthesis. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:192. [PMID: 36457036 PMCID: PMC9717536 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibitors of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) are effective at preventing colorectal cancer (CRC). However, their high toxicity limits their clinical application. This study was aimed to explore the potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) as an inhibitor of ODC. METHODS miRNA array was used to identify dysregulated miRNAs in CRC tumors of mice and patients. Azoxymethane (AOM)/Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) were used to induce CRC in mice. miRNA function in carcinogenesis was determined by soft-agar colony formation, flow cytometry, and wound healing of CRC cells. Mini-circle was used to deliver miRNA into colons. RESULTS MiRNA profiling identified miR-378a-3p (miR-378a) as the most reduced miRNA in CRC tumors of patients and mice treated with AOM/DSS. Pathway array analysis revealed that miR-378a impaired c-MYC and ODC1 pathways. Further studies identified FOXQ1 (forkhead box Q1) and ODC1 as two direct targets of miR-378a. FOXQ1 activated transcription of c-MYC, a transcription activator of ODC1. In addition to directly targeting ODC1, miR-378a also inhibited expression of ODC1 via the FOXQ1-cMYC axis, thereby inhibiting polyamine synthesis in human CRC cells. Phenotypically, by reducing polyamine synthesis, miR-378a induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation and migration of CRC cells, while disrupting the association of miR-378a with FOXQ1 and ODC1 offset the effects of miR-378a, suggesting that FOXQ1 and ODC1 were required for miR-378a to inhibit CRC cell growth. MiR-378a treatment robustly prevented growth of HCC by inhibiting polyamine synthesis in AOM/DSS mice. CONCLUSION MiR-378a prevents CRC by inhibiting polyamine synthesis, suggesting its use as a novel ODC inhibitor against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Liu
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Tianpeng Zhang
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Clifford J. Steer
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Guisheng Song
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
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4
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Francisco AB, Kanke M, Massa AP, Dinh TA, Sritharan R, Vakili K, Bardeesy N, Sethupathy P. Multi-omic analysis of microRNA-mediated regulation reveals a proliferative axis involving miR-10b in fibrolamellar carcinoma. JCI Insight 2022; 7:154743. [PMID: 35482409 PMCID: PMC9220943 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is an aggressive liver cancer primarily afflicting adolescents and young adults. Most patients with FLC harbor a heterozygous deletion on chromosome 19 that leads to the oncogenic gene fusion, DNAJB1-PRKACA. There are currently no effective therapeutics for FLC. To address that, it is critical to gain deeper mechanistic insight into FLC pathogenesis. We assembled a large sample set of FLC and nonmalignant liver tissue (n = 52) and performed integrative multiomic analysis. Specifically, we carried out small RNA sequencing to define altered microRNA expression patterns in tumor samples and then coupled this analysis with RNA sequencing and chromatin run-on sequencing data to identify candidate master microRNA regulators of gene expression in FLC. We also evaluated the relationship between DNAJB1-PRKACA and microRNAs of interest in several human and mouse cell models. Finally, we performed loss-of-function experiments for a specific microRNA in cells established from a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. We identified miR-10b-5p as the top candidate pro-proliferative microRNA in FLC. In multiple human cell models, overexpression of DNAJB1-PRKACA led to significant upregulation of miR-10b-5p. Inhibition of miR-10b in PDX-derived cells increased the expression of several potentially novel target genes, concomitant with a significant reduction in metabolic activity, proliferation, and anchorage-independent growth. This study highlights a potentially novel proliferative axis in FLC and provides a rich resource for further investigation of FLC etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Francisco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
| | - Matt Kanke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
| | - Andrew P Massa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
| | - Timothy A Dinh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
| | - Ramja Sritharan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
| | - Khashayar Vakili
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - Nabeel Bardeesy
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States of America
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5
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Sheng L, Chen C, Chen Y, He Y, Zhuang R, Gu Y, Yan Q, Li W, Lu C. vFLIP-regulated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks targeting lytic induction for KSHV-associated malignancies. J Med Virol 2022; 94:2766-2775. [PMID: 35149992 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes life-long latent infection and malignancies, including Kaposi sarcoma (KS) commonly found in AIDS patients. Lytic replication can be induced to kill tumor cells harboring latent KSHV, through viral cytopathic effects and the subsequent antiviral immune responses. Viral FLICE-inhibitory protein (vFLIP), encoded by KSHV ORF K13, inhibits KSHV lytic reactivation, implying that the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks regulated by vFLIP can be modulated to induce the lytic reactivation of latent KSHV, a promising strategy for KSHV-associated malignancies. Here, we performed whole-transcriptome sequencing to reveal the global landscape of non-coding RNAs and mRNAs in iSLK-RGB-BAC16 cells and iSLK-RGB-K13 mutant cells. It showed that vFLIP regulated 227 differently expressed (DE) lncRNAs, 57 DE circRNAs, 20 DE miRNAs and 1371 DE mRNAs. Enrichment analysis verified that riboflavin metabolism was simultaneously enriched in DE genes related to miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. The upregulated hsa-miR-378i and hsa-miR-3654, and downregulated miR-4467, miR-3163, miR-4451 and miR-4257 were significantly enriched in the ceRNA complex network, which contained 9 upregulated and 7 downregulated circRNAs, 5 upregulated and 85 downregulated lncRNAs, 5 upregulated and 35 downregulated mRNAs. Finally, we constructed and validated two vFLIP-regulated ceRNA networks: circRNA hsa_circ_0070049/hsa-miR-378i/SPEG/FOXQ1 and lncRNA AL031123.1/hsa-miR-378i/SPEG/FOXQ1. Taken together, the two ceRNA networks may mediate KSHV reactivation. These novel findings refreshed the present understanding of ceRNA network in KSHV lytic induction and provided potential therapeutic targets for KSHV-associated malignancies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxue Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, P. R. China.,Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Yujia He
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Ruoyu Zhuang
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Yang Gu
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Wan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, P. R. China.,Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Chun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, P. R. China.,Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
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6
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Shi X, Gao GY, Shen J. Identification of microRNA Signature and Key Genes Between Adenoma and Adenocarcinomas Using Bioinformatics Analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:4707-4720. [PMID: 34511938 PMCID: PMC8427077 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s320469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is very common and the mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to identify between adenomas with epithelial dislocation (false invasion) and adenomas with early adenocarcinoma (true invasion). Methods GSE41655 and GSE57965 datasets were obtained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. microRNA expression profiles and clinicopathological data from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database were downloaded to further validate the results in GEO. GEO software and the GEO2R calculation method were used to analyze two gene profiles. The co-expression of differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) and genes (DEGs) were identified and searched in the FunRich databases for pathway and ontology analysis. Cytoscape was utilized to construct the mRNA-microRNA network. Validation of gene expression levels was conducted by online databases and qRT-PCR and IHC experiments. Results In total, 6 DEMs and 34 DEGs are selected after calculating. KEGG results indicated that genes are enriched in certain tumor associated pathways. Four out of 6 microRNAs had a significant relationship with the overall survival (P < 0.05) and showed a good performance in predicting the survival risk of patients with colorectal carcinoma. Furthermore, expression levels of hsa-miR-455 and hsa-miR-125a were then verified by qRT-PCR which all target BCL2L12. IHC results showed that the expression level of BCL2L12 was higher in adenocarcinoma than in adenoma. Based on the selected gene, the top 10 small molecules were screened out as potential drugs. Conclusion By using microarray and bioinformatics analyses, DEMs and DEGs were selected and a complete gene network was constructed. To our knowledge, BCL2L12 and related molecules including hsa-miR-455 and hsa-miR-125a were firstly identified as potential biomarkers in the progression from adenoma to adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Shi
- Department of Oncology, Changshu Second People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yu Gao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaofeng Shen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, People's Republic of China
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7
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Elian FA, Are U, Ghosh S, Nuin P, Footz T, McMullen TPW, Brindley DN, Walter MA. FOXQ1 is Differentially Expressed Across Breast Cancer Subtypes with Low Expression Associated with Poor Overall Survival. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2021; 13:171-188. [PMID: 33688250 PMCID: PMC7935334 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s282860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) has been shown to contribute to the development and progression of cancers, including ovarian and breast cancer (BC). However, research exploring FOXQ1 expression, copy number variation (CNV), and prognostic value across different BC subtypes is limited. Our purpose was to evaluate FOXQ1 mRNA expression, CNV, and prognostic value across BC subtypes. Materials and Methods We determined FOXQ1 expression and CNV in BC patient tumors using RT-qPCR and qPCR, respectively. We also analyzed FOXQ1 expression and CNV in BC cell lines in the CCLE database using K-means clustering. The prognostic value of FOXQ1 expression in the TCGA-BRCA database was assessed using univariate and multivariate Cox's regression analysis as well as using the online tools OncoLnc, GEPIA, and UALCAN. Results Our analyses reveal that FOXQ1 mRNA is differentially expressed between different subtypes of BC and is significantly decreased in luminal BC and HER2 patients when compared to normal breast tissue samples. Furthermore, analysis of BC cell lines showed that FOXQ1 mRNA expression was independent of CNV. Moreover, patients with low FOXQ1 mRNA expression had significantly poorer overall survival compared to those with high FOXQ1 mRNA expression. Finally, low FOXQ1 expression had a critical impact on the prognostic values of BC patients and was an independent predictor of overall survival when it was adjusted for BC subtypes and to two other FOX genes, FOXF2 and FOXM1. Conclusion Our study reveals for the first time that FOXQ1 is differentially expressed across BC subtypes and that low expression of FOXQ1 is indicative of poor prognosis in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahed A Elian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ubah Are
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sunita Ghosh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Paulo Nuin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tim Footz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Todd P W McMullen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - David N Brindley
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Michael A Walter
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Tang H, Zheng J, Bai X, Yue KL, Liang JH, Li DY, Wang LP, Wang JL, Guo Q. Forkhead Box Q1 Is Critical to Angiogenesis and Macrophage Recruitment of Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:564298. [PMID: 33330033 PMCID: PMC7734287 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.564298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment (TME) play important roles in tumorigenesis. Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) is a well-established oncogene in multiple tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC); however, whether FOXQ1 contributes to angiogenesis and TME modification in CRC remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we demonstrate an essential role of FOXQ1-induced angiogenesis and macrophage recruitment in CRC that is related to its ability to promote the migration of endothelial cells and macrophages through activation of the EGF/PDGF pathway and the Twist1/CCL2 axis. We also provide evidence showing that the clinical significance between FOXQ1, Twist1, CCL2, and macrophage infiltration is associated with reduced 8-year survival in CRC patients. Our findings suggest FOXQ1 plays critical roles in the malignancy and progression of CRC, Therefore, FOXQ1 may serve as a therapeutic target for inhibiting angiogenesis and reducing macrophage recruitment in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tang
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Ji Zheng
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Genetic Testing Center, Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuan Bai
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Ke-Lin Yue
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liang
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Dan-Yang Li
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Lin-Ping Wang
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jin-Li Wang
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Yunnan Digestive Endoscopy Clinical Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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9
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Oh S, Song H, Freeman WM, Shin S, Janknecht R. Cooperation between ETS transcription factor ETV1 and histone demethylase JMJD1A in colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2020; 57:1319-1332. [PMID: 33174020 PMCID: PMC7646594 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ETS variant 1 (ETV1) is an oncogenic transcription factor. However, its role in colorectal cancer has remained understudied. The present study demonstrated that ETV1 downregulation led to reduced HCT116 colorectal cancer cell growth and clonogenic activity. Furthermore, the ETV1 mRNA levels were enhanced in colorectal tumors and were associated with disease severity. In addition, ETV1 directly bound to Jumonji C domain-containing (JMJD) 1A, a histone demethylase known to promote colon cancer. ETV1 and JMJD1A, but not a catalytically inactive mutant thereof, cooperated in inducing the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)1 gene promoter that was similar to the cooperation between ETV1 and another histone demethylase, JMJD2A. RNA-sequencing revealed multiple potential ETV1 target genes in HCT116 cells, including the FOXQ1 and TBX6 transcription factor genes. Moreover, JMJD1A co-regulated FOXQ1 and other ETV1 target genes, but not TBX6, whereas JMJD2A downregulation had no impact on FOXQ1 as well as TBX6 transcription. Accordingly, the FOXQ1 gene promoter was stimulated by ETV1 and JMJD1A in a cooperative manner, and both ETV1 and JMJD1A bound to the FOXQ1 promoter. Notably, the overexpression of FOXQ1 partially reversed the growth inhibitory effects of ETV1 ablation on HCT116 cells, whereas TBX6 impaired HCT116 cell growth and may thereby dampen the oncogenic activity of ETV1. The latter also revealed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a potential tumor suppressive function of TBX6. Taken together, the present study uncovered a ETV1/JMJD1A-FOXQ1 axis that may drive colorectal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangphil Oh
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Hoogeun Song
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | | | - Sook Shin
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Ralf Janknecht
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Abstract
Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors regulate diverse biological processes, affecting development, metabolism, stem cell maintenance and longevity. They have also been increasingly recognised as tumour suppressors through their ability to regulate genes essential for cell proliferation, cell death, senescence, angiogenesis, cell migration and metastasis. Mechanistically, FOXO proteins serve as key connection points to allow diverse proliferative, nutrient and stress signals to converge and integrate with distinct gene networks to control cell fate, metabolism and cancer development. In consequence, deregulation of FOXO expression and function can promote genetic disorders, metabolic diseases, deregulated ageing and cancer. Metastasis is the process by which cancer cells spread from the primary tumour often via the bloodstream or the lymphatic system and is the major cause of cancer death. The regulation and deregulation of FOXO transcription factors occur predominantly at the post-transcriptional and post-translational levels mediated by regulatory non-coding RNAs, their interactions with other protein partners and co-factors and a combination of post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitination. This review discusses the role and regulation of FOXO proteins in tumour initiation and progression, with a particular emphasis on cancer metastasis. An understanding of how signalling networks integrate with the FOXO transcription factors to modulate their developmental, metabolic and tumour-suppressive functions in normal tissues and in cancer will offer a new perspective on tumorigenesis and metastasis, and open up therapeutic opportunities for malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannasittha Jiramongkol
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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11
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Kim SH, Hahm ER, Singh KB, Singh SV. Novel mechanistic targets of forkhead box Q1 transcription factor in human breast cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:1116-1128. [PMID: 32754922 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor forkhead box Q1 (FoxQ1) is overexpressed in different solid tumors including breast cancer, but the mechanism underlying its oncogenic function is still not fully understood. In this study, we compared RNA-seq data from FoxQ1 overexpressing SUM159 cells with that of empty vector-transfected control cells to identify novel mechanistic targets of this transcription factor. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set revealed significantly higher expression of FoxQ1 in black breast cancer patients compared with white women with this disease. In contrast, expression of FoxQ1 was comparable in ductal and lobular carcinomas in the breast cancer TCGA data set. Complementing our published findings in basal-like subtype, immunohistochemistry revealed upregulation of FoxQ1 protein in luminal-type human breast cancer tissue microarrays when compared with normal mammary tissues. Many previously reported transcriptional targets of FoxQ1 (eg, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, fibronectin 1, etc) were verified from the RNA-seq analysis. FoxQ1 overexpression resulted in the downregulation of genes associated with cell cycle checkpoints, M phase, and cellular response to stress/external stimuli as evidenced from the Reactome pathway analysis. Consequently, FoxQ1 overexpression resulted in mitotic arrest in basal-like SUM159 and human mammary epithelial cell line, but not in luminal-type MCF-7 cells. Finally, we show for the first time that FoxQ1 is a direct transcriptional regulator of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor in breast cancer cells as evidenced by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. In conclusion, the present study reports novel mechanistic targets of FoxQ1 in human breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eun-Ryeong Hahm
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Krishna B Singh
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shivendra V Singh
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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12
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Khonthun C, Saikachain N, Popluechai S, Kespechara K, Hiranyakas A, Srikummool M, Surangkul D. Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression Involved in Butyrate-Resistant Colorectal Carcinoma HCT116 Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1739-1746. [PMID: 32592372 PMCID: PMC7568904 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.6.1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is usually found in cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cancer stem-like cells that are often regarded as the target for cancer monitoring. However, the different patterns of their transcriptomic profiling is still unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aims to illustrate the transcriptomic profile of CSCs and butyrate-resistant colorectal carcinoma cells (BR-CRCs), by comparing them with parental colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in order to identify distinguishing transcription patterns of the CSCs and BR-CRCs. METHODS Parental CRC cells HCT116 (HCT116-PT) were cultured and induced to establish the butyrate resistant cell model (HCT116-BR). Commercial enriching of the HCT116-CSCs were grown in a tumorsphere suspension culture, which was followed firstly by the assessment of butyrate tolerance using MTT and PrestoBlue. Then their gene expression profiling was analyzed by microarray. RESULTS The results showed that both butyrate-resistant HCT116 cells (HCT116-BR) and HCT116-CSCs were more tolerant a butyrate effects than HCT116-PT cells. Differentially expressed gene profiles exhibited that IFI27, FOXQ1, PRF1, and SLC2A3 genes were increasingly expressed in CSCs, and were dramatically overexpressed in HCT116-BR cells when compared with HCT116-PT cells. Moreover, PKIB and LOC399959 were downregulated both in HCT116-CSCs and HCT116-BR cells. CONCLUSION Our findings shed light on the transcriptomic profiles of chemoresistant CRC cells. This data should be useful for further study to provide guidelines for clinical prognosis to determine the guidelines for CRC treatment, especially in patients with chemoresistance and designing novel anti-neoplastic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakkraphong Khonthun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
| | - Nongluk Saikachain
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
| | - Siam Popluechai
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chaiang Rai, Thailand.
- Gut microbiome research group, Mae Fah Luang University, Chaiang Rai, Thailand.
| | | | | | - Metawee Srikummool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
| | - Damratsamon Surangkul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
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13
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Li L, Xu B, Zhang H, Wu J, Song Q, Yu J. Potentiality of forkhead box Q1 as a biomarker for monitoring tumor features and predicting prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23031. [PMID: 31713908 PMCID: PMC6977110 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the correlation of forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) with clinicopathological features and survival profiles in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods A total of 238 NSCLC patients with TNM stage I‐III who underwent surgical resection were reviewed, and the expression of FOXQ1 in tumor and paired adjacent tissue was detected using immunohistochemistry assays. The clinical data and survival data of patients with NSCLC were retrieved and calculated. Results FOXQ1 expression was increased in tumor tissue (61.3% high expression and 38.7% low expression) compared with paired adjacent tissue (37.8% high expression and 62.2% low expression) (P < .001). In addition, high FOXQ1 expression was associated with larger tumor size (P = .042), lymph node metastasis (P = .040), and advanced TNM stage (P = .002). Disease‐free survival (DFS) (P = .016) and overall survival (OS) (P = .008) were both reduced in patients with high FOXQ1 expression compared with patients with low FOXQ1 expression. Additionally, high FOXQ1 expression (P = .043), poor pathological differentiation (P = .003), and lymph node metastasis (P < .001) were independent risk factors for DFS, and high FOXQ1 expression (P = .021), tumor size (>5 cm) (P = .014), and lymph node metastasis (P < .001) were independent risk factors for OS. Conclusion High FOXQ1 expression is associated with advanced tumor features as well as undesirable survival profiles in patients with NSCLC, implying the potential prognostic value of FOXQ1 for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huibo Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qibin Song
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, China
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Overexpression of FOXQ1 enhances anti-senescence and migration effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 373:379-393. [PMID: 29500491 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are unique precursor cells characterized by active self-renewal and differentiation potential. These cells offer the advantages of ease of isolation and limited ethical issues as a resource and represent a promising cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. However, replicative senescence during cell culture as well as low efficiency of cell migration and differentiation after transplantation are major obstacles. In our previous study, we found that FOXQ1 binds directly to the SIRT1 promoter to regulate cellular senescence and also promotes cell proliferation and migration in many tumor cell lines. Currently, little is known about the effects of FOXQ1 on normal somatic cells. Therefore, we examine the effects of FOXQ1 on senescence and migration of MSCs. Lentiviral vector-mediated overexpression of FOXQ1 in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) resulted in enhanced cell proliferation and viability. Furthermore, the expression of proteins and markers positively associated with senescence (p16, p21, p53) was reduced, whereas expression of proteins negatively associated with senescence (SIRT1, PCNA) was promoted. Following transplantation of hUC-MSCs overexpressing FOXQ1 in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease (APPV717I transgenic mice) resulted in amelioration of the effects of Alzheimer's disease (AD) on cognitive function and pathological senescence accompanied the increased numbers of hUC-MSCs in the AD brain. In conclusion, FOXQ1 overexpression promotes anti-senescence and migration of hUC-MSCs in vitro and in vivo. These findings also suggest that this strategy may contribute to optimization of the efficiency of stem cell therapy.
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Vu T, Datta PK. Regulation of EMT in Colorectal Cancer: A Culprit in Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9120171. [PMID: 29258163 PMCID: PMC5742819 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9120171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process during which cells lose their epithelial characteristics, for instance cell polarity and cell-cell contact, and gain mesenchymal properties, such as increased motility. In colorectal cancer (CRC), EMT is associated with an invasive or metastatic phenotype. In this review, we discuss recent studies exploring novel regulation mechanisms of EMT in CRC, including the identification of new CRC EMT regulators. Upregulation of inducers can promote EMT, leading to increased invasiveness and metastasis in CRC. These inducers can downregulate E-cadherin and upregulate N-cadherin and vimentin (VIM) through modulating EMT-related signaling pathways, for instance WNT/β-catenin and TGF-β, and EMT transcription factors, such as zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and ZEB2. In addition, several microRNAs (miRNAs), including members of the miR-34 and miR-200 families, are found to target mRNAs of EMT-transcription factors, for example ZEB1, ZEB2, or SNAIL. Downregulation of these miRNAs is associated with distant metastasis and advanced stage tumors. Furthermore, the role of EMT in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is also discussed. Mesenchymal markers on the surface of EMT CTCs were found to be associated with metastasis and could serve as potential biomarkers for metastasis. Altogether, these studies indicate that EMT is orchestrated by a complicated network, involving regulators of different signaling pathways. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms underlying EMT in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Vu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
| | - Pran K Datta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
- Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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IL-4 driven transcription factor FoxQ1 is expressed by monocytes in atopic dermatitis and stimulates monocyte migration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16847. [PMID: 29203829 PMCID: PMC5715145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17307-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are actively recruited at sites of chronic inflammation. However, molecular factors involved in this process are not fully elucidated. Here, we show that cytokine IL-4 which is implicated in the development of chronic inflammatory disease atopic dermatitis (AD) induces expression of transcription factor FoxQ1 in human monocytes and macrophages. FoxQ1 mRNA levels were elevated in monocytes of AD patients compared to healthy donors. Overexpression of FoxQ1 in RAW 264.7 monocytic cells facilitated their migration towards MCP-1 and was associated with decreased expression of migration-regulating genes (claudin 11 and plexin C1). Furthermore, FoxQ1 overexpression in RAW cells accelerated TNFα secretion after LPS challenge. Overall, our results indicate that FoxQ1 stimulates monocyte motility, increases pro-inflammatory potential, and directs monocyte migration towards MCP-1 that is crucial for monocyte influx into inflammatory sites. This mechanism could contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disorders such as AD.
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Qin A, Zhu J, Liu X, Zeng D, Gu M, Lv C. MicroRNA-1271 inhibits cellular proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6783-6788. [PMID: 29181102 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-associated mortality worldwide, particularly in China. MicroRNAs (miRs) serve important roles in the pathogenesis of HCC. The present study investigated the function of miR-1271 in HCC. The miR-1271 levels were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Cells growth was examined by MTT assay. Bioinformatics algorithms from TargetScanHuman were used to predict the target genes of miR-1271. The protein level was assayed by western blotting. miR-1271 demonstrated a lower expression level in HCC tissues. Upregulation of miR-1271 suppressed the growth of HepG-2 and Huh-7 cells and induced apoptosis of cells. Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) was targeted by miR-1271. In conclusion, miR-1271 is a novel tumor suppressor that inhibits HCC proliferation and induces cellular apoptosis by targeting FOXQ1 in HCC. The results of the present study may provide a novel therapeutic target of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andong Qin
- Institute of Liver Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Huai'an, Huaian, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
| | - Jiehua Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Xingxiang Liu
- Institute of Liver Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Huai'an, Huaian, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
| | - Dongxiao Zeng
- Institute of Liver Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Huai'an, Huaian, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
| | - Maolin Gu
- Institute of Liver Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Huai'an, Huaian, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
| | - Chun Lv
- Institute of Liver Disease, The Fourth Hospital of Huai'an, Huaian, Jiangsu 223002, P.R. China
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18
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Liu K, Fan J, Wu J. Forkhead Box Protein J1 (FOXJ1) is Overexpressed in Colorectal Cancer and Promotes Nuclear Translocation of β-Catenin in SW620 Cells. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:856-866. [PMID: 28209947 PMCID: PMC5328203 DOI: 10.12659/msm.902906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background FOXJ1, which is a forkhead transcription factor, has been previously studied mostly as a ciliary transcription factor. The role of FOXJ1 in cancer progression is still elusive and controversial. In the present study, the effect of FOXJ1 in progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) was investigated. Material/Methods The pattern of FOXJ1 expression was investigated using the method of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a tissue microarray (TMA) incorporating 50 pairs of colon cancer specimens and adjacent normal tissue. In addition, the correlation of FOXJ1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics was evaluated in the other TMA containing 208 cases of colon cancer. Moreover, the influence of regulating FOXJ1 level on the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells was evaluated. Results Increased expression of FOXJ1was significantly associated with clinical stage (p<0.05), metastasis of lymph node (p<0.05), and invasion depth (p<0.001) in colon cancer, suggesting FOXJ1 is a tumor promoter in CRC. Consistently, FOXJ1 overexpression significantly enhanced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells, while silencing of FOXJ1 induced the opposite effect. Furthermore, up-regulation of FOXJ1 in SW620 cells markedly inhibited the level of truncated APC and the phosphorylation of β-catenin, while the level of cyclinD1 was decreased. In addition, overexpression of FOXJ1 significantly promoted nuclear translocation of β-catenin in SW620 cells. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that increased FOXJ1 contributes to the progression of CRC, which might be associated with the promotion effect of β-catenin nuclear translocation. FOXJ1 may be a novel therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuiliang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jianghao Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (mainland)
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LI YANG, ZHANG YEFEI, YAO ZHENDONG, LI SISI, YIN ZHENHUA, XU MIN. Forkhead box Q1: A key player in the pathogenesis of tumors (Review). Int J Oncol 2016; 49:51-8. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Kaller M, Hermeking H. Interplay Between Transcription Factors and MicroRNAs Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transitions in Colorectal Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 937:71-92. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42059-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Block J, Meng F, Wu G. Reversing cancer stemness. Aging (Albany NY) 2015; 7:893-4. [PMID: 26583906 PMCID: PMC4694056 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Block
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Fanyan Meng
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Guojun Wu
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Peng X, Luo Z, Kang Q, Deng D, Wang Q, Peng H, Wang S, Wei Z. FOXQ1 mediates the crosstalk between TGF-β and Wnt signaling pathways in the progression of colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:1099-109. [PMID: 25955104 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1047568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of signaling transduction pathways contribute to tumorigenesis. Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) is a member of the forkhead transcription factor family and its upregulation is closely correlated with tumor progression and prognosis of multiple cancer types, including colorectal cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms by which FOXQ1 promotes tumorigenesis, especially cancer cell invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer, have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrate that FOXQ1 is overexpressed in colorectal tumor tissues and its expression level is closely correlated with the stage and lymph node metastasis of colorectal cancer. In in vitro cultured SW480 colorectal cancer cells, knockdown of FOXQ1 expression by small interfering RNA greatly diminished the aggressive tumor behaviors of SW480 cells, including angiogenesis, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and resistance to chemotherapy drug-induced apoptosis. Further mechanistic investigation showed that FOXQ1 silencing prevents the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, thus reducing the activity of Wnt signaling. Moreover, TGF-β1 induced the expression of FOXQ1 as well as the migration and invasion of SW480 cells, which was partially prevented following knockdown of FOXQ1. Our results demonstrate that FOXQ1 plays a critical role during the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer and is a mediator of the crosstalk between Wnt and TGF-β signaling pathways. Our findings provide further insight into the cancer biology of colorectal cancer and suggest that FOXQ1 is a potential therapeutic target for the development of therapies for colorectal cancer.
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Key Words
- 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil
- 7-AAD, 7-aminoactinomycin D
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DEPC, Diethy pyrocarbonate
- DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide
- EMT, Epithelial-Mesenchymal transition
- FOXQ1
- FOXQ1, Forkhead Box Q1
- L-OHP, Oxaliplatin
- MMP2, Matrix metalloproteinase-2
- MiRNA, MicroRNA
- NC-shRNA, Negative Control-shRNA
- PBS, Phosphate buffer solution
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PKA, proteinkinase A
- PVDF, Polyvinylidene fluoride
- RNAi, RNA interference
- SDS, Sodium dodecyl sulfonate
- TBS, Tris-buffered saline
- TEMED, Tetra methyl ethylene diamine
- TGF-β, Transformin growth β
- TGF-β1
- Tris, Trihydroxymethyl minomethane
- VEGF-A, Vascular endothelial growth factor-A
- Wnt signaling
- aggressive tumor behavior
- cDNA, Complementary DNA
- colorectal cancer
- ddH2O, double distilled H2O
- epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- qRT-PCR, Quantitative real-time PCR
- shRNA, Short hairpin RNA
- μg, Microgramme
- μl, Microliter
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Peng
- a Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University ; Chongqing , China
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Bai X, Tang H, Lang FC, Guo Q. Construction of lentiviral expression vectors to silence expression of FOXQ1 gene in colorectal cancer cell line DLD-1. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:2752-2757. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i19.2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To construct lentiviral vectors to silence the expression of the FOXQ1 gene in colorectal cancer cell line DLD-1.
METHODS: According to the FOXQ1 gene sequence, three pairs of shRNAs were designed and synthesized, and then ligated to the lentiviral PLKO.1 vector. After the resulting plasmids were transfected into STB13 competent cells and cultured on ampicillin resistant culture plates, single colonies were picked to prepare plasmid DNA. The plasmids were identified by enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. The identified plasmids and auxiliary packaging plasmids including pRSV-rev, pMDlg-pRRE, pCMV-VSV-G were jointly infected into 293-T cells by the calcium phosphate transfection method, and the lentivirus supernatants were obtained and used for infecting DLD-1 cells. After selection with puromycin, the FOXQ1-silenced cells were obtained. The efficiency of gene knockdown was then determined by real-time PCR and Western blot.
RESULTS: Enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing results showed that the shRNAs were successfully inserted into the PLKO.1 vector. Recombinant plasmids were transfected into 293-T cells and high-titer lentiviruses were formed. The lentiviruses was transduced into DLD-1 cells. FOXQ1-silenced cells were obtained after selection. Real-time PCR data and Western blot showed that the highest inhibitory efficiency for FOXQ1 expression was approximately 90.4%.
CONCLUSION: FOXQ1-silenced cells have been successfully obtained by constructing a lentivirus interference system, which provide an experimental foundation for further study of the function of the FOXQ1 gene in tumorigenesis.
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