1
|
COXIBs and 2,5-dimethylcelecoxib counteract the hyperactivated Wnt/β-catenin pathway and COX-2/PGE2/EP4 signaling in glioblastoma cells. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:493. [PMID: 33941107 PMCID: PMC8091781 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest and the most common primary brain tumor in adults. The invasiveness and proliferation of GBM cells can be decreased through the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In this regard, celecoxib is a promising agent, but other COXIBs and 2,5-dimethylcelecoxib (2,5-DMC) await elucidation. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the impact of celecoxib, 2,5-DMC, etori-, rofe-, and valdecoxib on GBM cell viability and the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In addition, the combination of the compounds with temozolomide (TMZ) was also evaluated. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis, MGMT methylation level, COX-2 and PGE2 EP4 protein levels were also determined in order to better understand the molecular mechanisms exerted by these compounds and to find out which of them can serve best in GBM therapy. METHODS Celecoxib, 2,5-DMC, etori-, rofe- and valdecoxib were evaluated using three commercially available and two patient-derived GBM cell lines. Cell viability was analyzed using MTT assay, whereas alterations in MGMT methylation level were determined using MS-HRM method. The impact of COXIBs, in the presence and absence of TMZ, on Wnt pathway was measured on the basis of the expression of β-catenin target genes. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis analysis were performed using flow cytometry. COX-2 and PGE2 EP4 receptor expression were evaluated using Western blot analysis. RESULTS Wnt/β-catenin pathway was attenuated by COXIBs and 2,5-DMC irrespective of the COX-2 expression profile of the treated cells, their MGMT methylation status, or radio/chemoresistance. Celecoxib and 2,5-DMC were the most cytotoxic. Cell cycle distribution was altered, and apoptosis was induced after the treatment with celecoxib, 2,5-DMC, etori- and valdecoxib in T98G cell line. COXIBs and 2,5-DMC did not influence MGMT methylation status, but inhibited COX-2/PGE2/EP4 pathway. CONCLUSIONS Not only celecoxib, but also 2,5-DMC, etori-, rofe- and valdecoxib should be further investigated as potential good anti-GBM therapeutics.
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Zhang T, Cao X, Zou J, Ding X, Shen B, Lv W. Prostaglandin E 2 induced cardiac hypertrophy through EP2 receptor-dependent activation of β-catenin in 5/6 nephrectomy rats. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:1979-1989. [PMID: 33822473 PMCID: PMC8120373 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. However, whether PGE2 regulates the chronic kidney disease‐associated cardiac hypertrophy and the tentative mechanism remains to be elucidated. Methods and results We explored the effect of PGE2 receptor inhibitors on cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in a 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6NT) rat model using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemical staining, and immunofluorescence staining assays. The result showed that EP2 and EP4 receptors were both up‐regulated in the PGE2‐treated cardiomyocyte cells. PGE2 treatment enhanced active β‐catenin (non‐phosphorylated) signalling through mediating EP2 and EP4 receptors. Interestingly, inhibition of EP2 receptor suppressed PGE2‐induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis‐related proteins in vitro. In the 5/6NT rat model, the increased secretion PGE2 was identified in the 5/6NT rat model for 2 weeks (P = 0.0251). EP2 receptor inhibitor administration significantly improved the cardiac function and fibrosis in 5/6NT rats. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that inhibition of EP2 receptor could improve PGE2‐induced cardiac hypertrophy in 5/6NT rats. The exploration of these mechanisms may contribute to the optimization of therapy in chronic kidney disease accompanied cardiac hypertrophy in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Xuesen Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhou Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenlv Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China.,Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schmitt BM, Boewe AS, Götz C, Philipp SE, Urbschat S, Oertel J, Menger MD, Laschke MW, Ampofo E. CK2 Activity Mediates the Aggressive Molecular Signature of Glioblastoma Multiforme by Inducing Nerve/Glial Antigen (NG)2 Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071678. [PMID: 33918235 PMCID: PMC8037969 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve/glial antigen (NG)2 expression crucially determines the aggressiveness of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Recent evidence suggests that protein kinase CK2 regulates NG2 expression. Therefore, we investigated in the present study whether CK2 inhibition suppresses proliferation and migration of NG2-positive GBM cells. For this purpose, CK2 activity was suppressed in the NG2-positive cell lines A1207 and U87 by the pharmacological inhibitor CX-4945 and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of CK2α. As shown by quantitative real-time PCR, luciferase-reporter assays, flow cytometry and western blot, this significantly reduced NG2 gene and protein expression when compared to vehicle-treated and wild type controls. In addition, CK2 inhibition markedly reduced NG2-dependent A1207 and U87 cell proliferation and migration. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-based data further revealed not only a high expression of both NG2 and CK2 in GBM but also a positive correlation between the mRNA expression of the two proteins. Finally, we verified a decreased NG2 expression after CX-4945 treatment in patient-derived GBM cells. These findings indicate that the inhibition of CK2 represents a promising approach to suppress the aggressive molecular signature of NG2-positive GBM cells. Therefore, CX-4945 may be a suitable drug for the future treatment of NG2-positive GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beate M. Schmitt
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (B.M.S.); (A.S.B.); (M.D.M.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Anne S. Boewe
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (B.M.S.); (A.S.B.); (M.D.M.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Claudia Götz
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Stephan E. Philipp
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Steffi Urbschat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (S.U.); (J.O.)
| | - Joachim Oertel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (S.U.); (J.O.)
| | - Michael D. Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (B.M.S.); (A.S.B.); (M.D.M.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Matthias W. Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (B.M.S.); (A.S.B.); (M.D.M.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Emmanuel Ampofo
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (B.M.S.); (A.S.B.); (M.D.M.); (M.W.L.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Synthesis and evaluation of 18 F-labeled CJ-042794 for imaging prostanoid EP4 receptor expression in cancer with positron emission tomography. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2094-2098. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
5
|
Jiang J, Qiu J, Li Q, Shi Z. Prostaglandin E2 Signaling: Alternative Target for Glioblastoma? Trends Cancer 2017; 3:75-78. [PMID: 28718447 PMCID: PMC5518646 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Elevated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the associated inflammation within the brain contribute to glioblastoma development. However, medical use of COX inhibitors in glioblastoma treatment has been limited due to their well-documented vascular toxicity and inconsistent outcomes from recent human studies. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has emerged as a principal mediator for COX-2 cascade-driven gliomagenesis. Are PGE2 terminal synthases and receptors feasible therapeutic targets for glioblastoma?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiong Jiang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0514, USA.
| | - Jiange Qiu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0514, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0514, USA
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen Y, Tang Q, Wu J, Zheng F, Yang L, Hann SS. Inactivation of PI3-K/Akt and reduction of SP1 and p65 expression increase the effect of solamargine on suppressing EP4 expression in human lung cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2015; 34:154. [PMID: 26689593 PMCID: PMC4687355 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Natural phytochemicals from traditional medicinal plants such as solamargine have been shown to have anticancer properties. The prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 is highly expressed in human cancer, however, the functional role of EP4 in the occurrence and progression of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remained to be elucidated. METHODS Cell viability was measured by MTT assays. Western blot was performed to measure the phosphorylation and protein expression of PI3-K downstream effector Akt, transcription factors SP1, p65, and EP4. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to examine the mRNA levels of EP4 gene. Exogenous expression of SP1, p65, and EP4 genes was carried out by transient transfection assays. EP4 promoter activity was measured by Dual Luciferase Reporter Kit. RESULTS We showed that solamargine inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, we found that solamargine decreased the phosphorylation of Akt, the protein, mRNA expression, and promoter activity of EP4. Moreover, solamargine inhibited protein expression of SP1 and NF-κB subunit p65, all of which were abrogated in cells transfected with exogenous expressed Akt. Intriguingly, exogenous expressed SP1 overcame the effect of solamargine on inhibition of p65 protein expression, and EP4 protein expression and promoter activity. Finally, exogenous expressed EP4 feedback reversed the effect of solamargine on phosphorylation of Akt and cell growth inhibition. CONCLUSION Our results show that solamargine inhibits the growth of human lung cancer cells through inactivation of Akt signaling, followed by reduction of SP1 and p65 protein expression. This results in the inhibition of EP4 gene expression. The cross-talk between SP1 and p65, and the positive feedback regulatory loop of PI3-K/Akt signaling by EP4 contribute to the overall responses of solamargine in this process. This study unveils a novel mechanism by which solamargine inhibits growth of human lung cancer cells.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Oncogene Protein v-akt/biosynthesis
- Oncogene Protein v-akt/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/biosynthesis
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/genetics
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Solanaceous Alkaloids/administration & dosage
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/biosynthesis
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Transcription Factor RelA/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factor RelA/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YuQing Chen
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - JingJing Wu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Fang Zheng
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - LiJun Yang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
- Higher Education Mega Center, No. 55, Neihuan West Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liggett JL, Zhang X, Eling TE, Baek SJ. Anti-tumor activity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: cyclooxygenase-independent targets. Cancer Lett 2014; 346:217-24. [PMID: 24486220 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used extensively for analgesic and antipyretic treatments. In addition, NSAIDs reduce the risk and mortality to several cancers. Their mechanisms in anti-tumorigenesis are not fully understood, but both cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent and -independent pathways play a role. We and others have been interested in elucidating molecular targets of NSAID-induced apoptosis. In this review, we summarize updated literature regarding cellular and molecular targets modulated by NSAIDs. Among those NSAIDs, sulindac sulfide and tolfenamic acid are emphasized in this review because these two drugs have been well investigated for their anti-tumorigenic activity in many different types of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason L Liggett
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Thomas E Eling
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Seung Joon Baek
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Konya V, Marsche G, Schuligoi R, Heinemann A. E-type prostanoid receptor 4 (EP4) in disease and therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 138:485-502. [PMID: 23523686 PMCID: PMC3661976 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The large variety of biological functions governed by prostaglandin (PG) E2 is mediated by signaling through four distinct E-type prostanoid (EP) receptors. The availability of mouse strains with genetic ablation of each EP receptor subtype and the development of selective EP agonists and antagonists have tremendously advanced our understanding of PGE2 as a physiologically and clinically relevant mediator. Moreover, studies using disease models revealed numerous conditions in which distinct EP receptors might be exploited therapeutically. In this context, the EP4 receptor is currently emerging as most versatile and promising among PGE2 receptors. Anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and vasoprotective effects have been proposed for the EP4 receptor, along with its recently described unfavorable tumor-promoting and pro-angiogenic roles. A possible explanation for the diverse biological functions of EP4 might be the multiple signaling pathways switched on upon EP4 activation. The present review attempts to summarize the EP4 receptor-triggered signaling modules and the possible therapeutic applications of EP4-selective agonists and antagonists.
Collapse
Key Words
- ampk, amp-activated protein kinase
- camp, cyclic adenylyl monophosphate
- cftr, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
- clc, chloride channel
- cox, cyclooxygenase
- creb, camp-response element-binding protein
- dp, d-type prostanoid receptor
- dss, dextran sodium sulfate
- egfr, epidermal growth factor receptor
- enos, endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- ep, e-type prostanoid receptor
- epac, exchange protein activated by camp
- eprap, ep4 receptor-associated protein
- erk, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- fem1a, feminization 1 homolog a
- fp, f-type prostanoid receptor
- grk, g protein-coupled receptor kinase
- 5-hete, 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
- icer, inducible camp early repressor
- icam-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1
- ig, immunoglobulin
- il, interleukin
- ifn, interferon
- ip, i-type prostanoid receptor
- lps, lipopolysaccharide
- map, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- mcp, monocyte chemoattractant protein
- mek, map kinase kinase
- nf-κb, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated b cells
- nsaid, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
- pg, prostaglandin
- pi3k, phosphatidyl insositol 3-kinase
- pk, protein kinase
- tp, t-type prostanoid receptor
- tx, thromboxane receptor
- prostaglandins
- inflammation
- vascular disease
- cancerogenesis
- renal function
- osteoporosis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Akos Heinemann
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang HFS, Shu P, Murphy TF, Aisner S, Fitzhugh VA, Jordan ML. Significance of Divergent Expression of Prostaglandin EP4 and EP3 Receptors in Human Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2013; 11:427-39. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-12-0464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
10
|
Cruceru ML, Enciu AM, Popa AC, Albulescu R, Neagu M, Tanase CP, Constantinescu SN. Signal transduction molecule patterns indicating potential glioblastoma therapy approaches. Onco Targets Ther 2013; 6:1737-49. [PMID: 24348050 PMCID: PMC3848931 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s52365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The expression of an array of signaling molecules, along with the assessment of real-time cell proliferation, has been performed in U87 glioma cell line and in patients' glioblastoma established cell cultures in order to provide a better understanding of cellular and molecular events involved in glioblastoma pathogenesis. Experimental therapy was performed using a phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor. PATIENTS AND METHODS xMAP technology was employed to assess expression levels of several signal transduction molecules and real-time xCELLigence platform for cell behavior. RESULTS PI3K inhibition induced the most significant effects on global signaling pathways in patient-derived cell cultures, especially on members of the mitogen-activated protein-kinase family, P70S6 serine-threonine kinase, and cAMP response element-binding protein expression and further prevented tumor cell proliferation. CONCLUSION The PI3K pathway might be a prime target for glioblastoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Linda Cruceru
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Enciu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bucharest, Romania ; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania ; Operational Sectorial Programme for Competitive Economic Growth Canbioprot at Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Claudiu Popa
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Bucharest, Romania ; Army Centre for Medical Research, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Albulescu
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania ; National Institute for Chemical Pharmaceutical R&D, Bucharest, Romania ; Operational Sectorial Programme for Competitive Economic Growth Canbioprot at Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Neagu
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania ; Operational Sectorial Programme for Competitive Economic Growth Canbioprot at Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristiana Pistol Tanase
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania ; Operational Sectorial Programme for Competitive Economic Growth Canbioprot at Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stefan N Constantinescu
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium ; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium ; Operational Sectorial Programme for Competitive Economic Growth Canbioprot at Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Camara-Lemarroy CR, Gonzalez-Moreno EI, Guzman-de la Garza FJ, Fernandez-Garza NE. Arachidonic acid derivatives and their role in peripheral nerve degeneration and regeneration. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:168953. [PMID: 22997489 PMCID: PMC3446639 DOI: 10.1100/2012/168953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
After peripheral nerve injury, a process of axonal degradation, debris clearance, and subsequent regeneration is initiated by complex local signaling, called Wallerian degeneration (WD). This process is in part mediated by neuroglia as well as infiltrating inflammatory cells and regulated by inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, and the activation of transcription factors also related to the inflammatory response. Part of this neuroimmune signaling is mediated by the innate immune system, including arachidonic acid (AA) derivatives such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The enzymes responsible for their production, cyclooxygenases and lipooxygenases, also participate in nerve degeneration and regeneration. The interactions between signals for nerve regeneration and neuroinflammation go all the way down to the molecular level. In this paper, we discuss the role that AA derivatives might play during WD and nerve regeneration, and the therapeutic possibilities that arise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rodrigo Camara-Lemarroy
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario "José Eleuterio González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, School of Medicine, Colonia Mitras Centro, 64460 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Inflammation is an important contributor to the development and progression of human cancers. Inflammatory lipid metabolites, prostaglandins, formed from arachidonic acid by prostaglandin H synthases commonly called cyclooxygenases (COXs) bind to specific receptors that activate signaling pathways driving the development and progression of tumors. Inhibitors of prostaglandin formation, COX inhibitors, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are well documented as agents that inhibit tumor growth and with long-term use prevent tumor development. NSAIDs also alter gene expression independent of COX inhibition and these changes in gene expression also appear to contribute to the anti-tumorigenic activity of these drugs. Many NSAIDs, as illustrated by sulindac sulfide, alter gene expressions by altering the expression or phosphorylation status of the transcription factors specificity protein 1 and early growth response-1 with the balance between these two events resulting in increases or decreases in specific target genes. In this review, we have summarized and discussed the various genes altered by this mechanism after NSAID treatment and how these changes in expression relate to the anti-tumorigenic activity. A major focus of the review is on NSAID-activated gene (NAG-1) or growth differentiation factor 15. This unique member of the TGF-β superfamily is highly induced by NSAIDs and numerous drugs and chemicals with anti-tumorigenic activities. Investigations with a transgenic mouse expressing the human NAG-1 suggest it acts to suppress tumor development in several mouse models of cancer. The biochemistry and biology of NAG-1 were discussed as potential contributor to cancer prevention by COX inhibitors.
Collapse
|