1
|
Li M, Gao N, Wang SL, Guo YF, Liu Z. Hotspots and trends of risk factors in gastric cancer: A visualization and bibliometric analysis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2200-2218. [PMID: 38764808 PMCID: PMC11099465 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.2200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of specific symptoms of gastric cancer (GC) causes great challenges in its early diagnosis. Thus it is essential to identify the risk factors for early diagnosis and treatment of GC and to improve the survival rates. AIM To assist physicians in identifying changes in the output of publications and research hotspots related to risk factors for GC, constructing a list of key risk factors, and providing a reference for early identification of patients at high risk for GC. METHODS Research articles on risk factors for GC were searched in the Web of Science core collection, and relevant information was extracted after screening. The literature was analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019, CiteSpace V, and VOSviewer 1.6.18. RESULTS A total of 2514 papers from 72 countries and 2507 research institutions were retrieved. China (n = 1061), National Cancer Center (n = 138), and Shoichiro Tsugane (n = 36) were the most productive country, institution, or author, respectively. The research hotspots in the study of risk factors for GC are summarized in four areas, namely: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, single nucleotide polymorphism, bio-diagnostic markers, and GC risk prediction models. CONCLUSION In this study, we found that H. pylori infection is the most significant risk factor for GC; single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is the most dominant genetic factor for GC; bio-diagnostic markers are the most promising diagnostic modality for GC. GC risk prediction models are the latest current research hotspot. We conclude that the most important risk factors for the development of GC are H. pylori infection, SNP, smoking, diet, and alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ning Gao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shao-Li Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yu-Feng Guo
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rugge M, Genta RM, Malfertheiner P, Dinis-Ribeiro M, El-Serag H, Graham DY, Kuipers EJ, Leung WK, Park JY, Rokkas T, Schulz C, El-Omar EM. RE.GA.IN.: the Real-world Gastritis Initiative-updating the updates. Gut 2024; 73:407-441. [PMID: 38383142 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
At the end of the last century, a far-sighted 'working party' held in Sydney, Australia addressed the clinicopathological issues related to gastric inflammatory diseases. A few years later, an international conference held in Houston, Texas, USA critically updated the seminal Sydney classification. In line with these initiatives, Kyoto Global Consensus Report, flanked by the Maastricht-Florence conferences, added new clinical evidence to the gastritis clinicopathological puzzle.The most relevant topics related to the gastric inflammatory diseases have been addressed by the Real-world Gastritis Initiative (RE.GA.IN.), from disease definitions to the clinical diagnosis and prognosis. This paper reports the conclusions of the RE.GA.IN. consensus process, which culminated in Venice in November 2022 after more than 8 months of intense global scientific deliberations. A forum of gastritis scholars from five continents participated in the multidisciplinary RE.GA.IN. consensus. After lively debates on the most controversial aspects of the gastritis spectrum, the RE.GA.IN. Faculty amalgamated complementary knowledge to distil patient-centred, evidence-based statements to assist health professionals in their real-world clinical practice. The sections of this report focus on: the epidemiology of gastritis; Helicobacter pylori as dominant aetiology of environmental gastritis and as the most important determinant of the gastric oncogenetic field; the evolving knowledge on gastric autoimmunity; the clinicopathological relevance of gastric microbiota; the new diagnostic horizons of endoscopy; and the clinical priority of histologically reporting gastritis in terms of staging. The ultimate goal of RE.GA.IN. was and remains the promotion of further improvement in the clinical management of patients with gastritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Rugge
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Azienda Zero, Veneto Tumour Registry, Padua, Italy
| | - Robert M Genta
- Gastrointestinal Pathology, Inform Diagnostics Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Ludwig Maximilian Universität Klinikum München, Munich, Germany
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mario Dinis-Ribeiro
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center & RISE@CI-IPO, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Gastroenterology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hashem El-Serag
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Houston VA Health Services Research & Development Center of Excellence, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David Y Graham
- Department of Medicine, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ernst J Kuipers
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jin Young Park
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Theodore Rokkas
- Gastroenterology, Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Emad M El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wong MCS, Leung EY, Yau STY, Chan SC, Xie S, Xu W, Huang J. Prediction algorithm for gastric cancer in a general population: A validation study. Cancer Med 2023; 12:20544-20553. [PMID: 37855240 PMCID: PMC10660462 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality. This study aims to devise and validate a scoring system based on readily available clinical data to predict the risk of gastric cancer in a large Chinese population. METHODS We included a total of 6,209,697 subjects aged between 18 and 70 years who have received upper digestive endoscopy in Hong Kong from 1997 to 2018. A binary logistic regression model was constructed to examine the predictors of gastric cancer in a derivation cohort (n = 4,347,224), followed by model evaluation in a validation cohort (n = 1,862,473). The algorithm's discriminatory ability was evaluated as the area under the curve (AUC) of the mathematically constructed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS Age, male gender, history of Helicobacter pylori infection, use of proton pump inhibitors, non-use of aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and statins were significantly associated with gastric cancer. A scoring of ≤8 was designated as "average risk (AR)". Scores at 9 or above were assigned as "high risk (HR)". The prevalence of gastric cancer was 1.81% and 0.096%, respectively, for the HR and LR groups. The AUC for the risk score in the validation cohort was 0.834, implying an excellent fit of the model. CONCLUSIONS This study has validated a simple, accurate, and easy-to-use scoring algorithm which has a high discriminatory capability to predict gastric cancer. The score could be adopted to risk stratify subjects suspected as having gastric cancer, thus allowing prioritized upper digestive tract investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin C. S. Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineChinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineChinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- School of Public HealthThe Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- School of Public HealthThe Peking UniversityBeijingChina
- School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Eman Yee‐man Leung
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineChinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Sarah T. Y. Yau
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineChinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Sze Chai Chan
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineChinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| | - Shaohua Xie
- Department of Molecular medicine and SurgeryKarolinska InstitutetSweden
| | - Wanghong Xu
- School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Junjie Huang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineChinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineChinese University of Hong KongHong KongSARChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Adams A, Gandhi A, In H. Gastric cancer: A unique opportunity to shift the paradigm of cancer disparities in the United States. Curr Probl Surg 2023; 60:101382. [PMID: 37993211 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpsurg.2023.101382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Adams
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
| | - Atish Gandhi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Haejin In
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Health Behavior, Society and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
He S, Sun D, Li H, Cao M, Yu X, Lei L, Peng J, Li J, Li N, Chen W. Real-World Practice of Gastric Cancer Prevention and Screening Calls for Practical Prediction Models. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2023; 14:e00546. [PMID: 36413795 PMCID: PMC9944379 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Some gastric cancer prediction models have been published. Still, the value of these models for application in real-world practice remains unclear. We aim to summarize and appraise modeling studies for gastric cancer risk prediction and identify potential barriers to real-world use. METHODS This systematic review included studies that developed or validated gastric cancer prediction models in the general population. RESULTS A total of 4,223 studies were screened. We included 18 development studies for diagnostic models, 10 for prognostic models, and 1 external validation study. Diagnostic models commonly included biomarkers, such as Helicobacter pylori infection indicator, pepsinogen, hormone, and microRNA. Age, sex, smoking, body mass index, and family history of gastric cancer were frequently used in prognostic models. Most of the models were not validated. Only 25% of models evaluated the calibration. All studies had a high risk of bias, but over half had acceptable applicability. Besides, most studies failed to clearly report the application scenarios of prediction models. DISCUSSION Most gastric cancer prediction models showed common shortcomings in methods, validation, and reports. Model developers should further minimize the risk of bias, improve models' applicability, and report targeting application scenarios to promote real-world use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyi He
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory for National Cancer Big Data Analysis and Implement, Beijing, China
| | - Dianqin Sun
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory for National Cancer Big Data Analysis and Implement, Beijing, China
| | - He Li
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory for National Cancer Big Data Analysis and Implement, Beijing, China
| | - Maomao Cao
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory for National Cancer Big Data Analysis and Implement, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyang Yu
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory for National Cancer Big Data Analysis and Implement, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lei
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ji Peng
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory for National Cancer Big Data Analysis and Implement, Beijing, China
| | - Ni Li
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory for National Cancer Big Data Analysis and Implement, Beijing, China
| | - Wanqing Chen
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory for National Cancer Big Data Analysis and Implement, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gu J, Chen R, Wang SM, Li M, Fan Z, Li X, Zhou J, Sun K, Wei W. Prediction models for gastric cancer risk in the general population: a systematic review. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:309-318. [PMID: 35017181 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Risk prediction models for gastric cancer (GC) could identify high-risk individuals in the general population. The objective of this study was to systematically review the available evidence about the construction and verification of GC predictive models. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for articles that developed or validated GC risk prediction models up to November 2021. Data extracted included study characteristics, predictor selection, missing data, and evaluation metrics. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the Prediction model study Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). We identified a total of 12 original risk prediction models that fulfilled the criteria for analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.73 to 0.93 in derivation sets (n=6), 0.68 to 0.90 in internal validation sets (n=5), 0.71 to 0.92 in external validation sets (n=7). The higher-performing models usually include age, salt preference, Helicobacter pylori, smoking, BMI, family history, pepsinogen and sex. According to PROBAST, at least one domain with a high ROB was present in all studies mainly due to methodologic limitations in the analysis domain. In conclusion, although some risk prediction models including similar predictors have displayed sufficient discriminative abilities, many have a high ROB due to methodological limitations and are not externally validated efficiently. Future prediction models should adherence to well-established standards and guidelines to benefit GC screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Gu
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Ru Chen
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Shao-Ming Wang
- National Central Cancer Registry Office, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Minjuan Li
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Zhiyuan Fan
- National Cancer Registry Office, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Xinqing Li
- 1. Office of National Central Cancer Registry, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center
| | - Kexin Sun
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Wenqiang Wei
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| |
Collapse
|