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Chen Y, Li X, Yang M, Liu SB. Research progress on morphology and mechanism of programmed cell death. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:327. [PMID: 38729953 PMCID: PMC11087523 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06712-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a basic process of life that is closely related to the growth, development, aging and disease of organisms and is one of the hotspots of life science research today. PCD is a kind of genetic control, autonomous and orderly important cell death that involves the activation, expression, and regulation of a series of genes. In recent years, with the deepening of research in this field, new mechanisms of multiple PCD pathways have been revealed. This article reviews and summarizes the multiple PCD pathways that have been discovered, analyses and compares the morphological characteristics and biomarkers of different types of PCD, and briefly discusses the role of various types of PCD in the diagnosis and treatment of different diseases, especially malignant tumors.
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Grants
- Jiangsu higher education institution innovative research team for science and technology (2021), Program of Jiangsu vocational college engineering technology research center (2023), Key technology progrom of Suzhou people’s livelihood technology projects (Grant No. SKY2021029), the Open Project of Jiangsu Biobank of Clinical Resources (TC2021B009), the Project of State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, (No. GZK12023013), Programs of the Suzhou Vocational Health College (SZWZYTD202201), Qing‐Lan Project of Jiangsu Province in China (2021).
- Programs of the Suzhou Vocational Health College (szwzy 202210), Qing‐Lan Project of Jiangsu Province in China (2022).
- the Project of State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, (No. GZK12023013)
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Wuzhong People's Hospital of Suzhou City, Suzhou, China
| | - Minfeng Yang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Song-Bai Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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2
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Kasikova L, Rakova J, Hensler M, Lanickova T, Tomankova J, Pasulka J, Drozenova J, Mojzisova K, Fialova A, Vosahlikova S, Laco J, Ryska A, Dundr P, Kocian R, Brtnicky T, Skapa P, Capkova L, Kovar M, Prochazka J, Praznovec I, Koblizek V, Taskova A, Tanaka H, Lischke R, Mendez FC, Vachtenheim J, Heinzelmann-Schwarz V, Jacob F, McNeish IA, Halaska MJ, Rob L, Cibula D, Orsulic S, Galluzzi L, Spisek R, Fucikova J. Tertiary lymphoid structures and B cells determine clinically relevant T cell phenotypes in ovarian cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2528. [PMID: 38514660 PMCID: PMC10957872 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46873-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) have been associated with improved outcome in various cohorts of patients with cancer, reflecting their contribution to the development of tumor-targeting immunity. Here, we demonstrate that high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) contains distinct immune aggregates with varying degrees of organization and maturation. Specifically, mature TLSs (mTLS) as forming only in 16% of HGSOCs with relatively elevated tumor mutational burden (TMB) are associated with an increased intratumoral density of CD8+ effector T (TEFF) cells and TIM3+PD1+, hence poorly immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-sensitive, CD8+ T cells. Conversely, CD8+ T cells from immunologically hot tumors like non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) are enriched in ICI-responsive TCF1+ PD1+ T cells. Spatial B-cell profiling identifies patterns of in situ maturation and differentiation associated with mTLSs. Moreover, B-cell depletion promotes signs of a dysfunctional CD8+ T cell compartment among tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from freshly isolated HGSOC and NSCLC biopsies. Taken together, our data demonstrate that - at odds with NSCLC - HGSOC is associated with a low density of follicular helper T cells and thus develops a limited number of mTLS that might be insufficient to preserve a ICI-sensitive TCF1+PD1+ CD8+ T cell phenotype. These findings point to key quantitative and qualitative differences between mTLSs in ICI-responsive vs ICI-irresponsive neoplasms that may guide the development of alternative immunotherapies for patients with HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tereza Lanickova
- Sotio Biotech a.s., Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jana Drozenova
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Jan Laco
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Ryska
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dundr
- Department of Pathology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kocian
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, General University Hospital in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Brtnicky
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Bulovka, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skapa
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Linda Capkova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kovar
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prochazka
- Czech Center for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Praznovec
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Koblizek
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Alice Taskova
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Charles University, 3rd Faculty of Medicine and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hisashi Tanaka
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | - Robert Lischke
- 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fernando Casas Mendez
- Oncology and Pneumology Department, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Vachtenheim
- 3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Viola Heinzelmann-Schwarz
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francis Jacob
- Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Iain A McNeish
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michal J Halaska
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Charles University, 3rd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Rob
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Charles University, 3rd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Cibula
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, General University Hospital in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio Biotech a.s., Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio Biotech a.s., Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Zhang Q, Li Y, Zhang Y, Deng Z, Ding Y. Case report of penile squamous cell carcinoma continuous treatment with BRCA2 mutation. World J Surg Oncol 2024; 22:50. [PMID: 38336701 PMCID: PMC10854037 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. BRCA1/2 mutations are associated with impaired DNA double-strand break repair and are among the common mutations in penile cancer, potentially paving the way for poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor therapy. CASE PRESENTATION We report a 65-year-old male with PSCC who progressed to thigh metastasis at 10 months after partial penectomy. Next-generation sequencing showed that the penis primary lesion and metastatic thigh lesion harboured a BRCA2 mutation. Chemotherapy plus immunotherapy was used for treatment, and the thigh metastasis was found to involve no tumour. Progression-free survival (PFS) lasted for 8 months until the appearance of lung metastasis. Afterwards, the patient benefited from second-line therapy of olaparib with pembrolizumab and anlotinib, and his disease was stable for 9 months. The same BRCA2 was identified in the lung biopsy. Given the tumour mutation burden (TMB, 13.97 mutation/Mb), the patient received third-line therapy with nivolumab plus ipilimumab, but PFS only lasted for 3 months, with the appearance of right frontal brain metastasis. Then, the patient was treated with radiation sequential fluzoparib therapy as fourth-line treatment, and the treatment efficacy was evaluated as PR. Currently, this patient is still alive. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of penile cancer with BRCA2 mutation, receiving a combination treatment with olaparib and experiencing a benefit for 9 months. This case underscores the pivotal role of BRCA2 in influencing treatment response in PSCC, providing valuable insights into the application of targeted therapies in managing recurrent PSCC with BRCA2 alterations. This elucidation establishes a crucial foundation for further research and clinical considerations in similar cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yaping Li
- Acornmed Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhiping Deng
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Dou QQ, Sun TT, Wang GQ, Tong WB. Inetetamab combined with pyrotinib and chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer brain metastasis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:575-581. [PMID: 38322469 PMCID: PMC10841958 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i3.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) is an advanced breast disease that is difficult to treat and is associated with a high risk of death. Patient prognosis is usually poor, with reduced quality of life. In this context, we report the case of a patient with HER-2-positive BCBM treated with a macromolecular mAb (inetetamab) combined with a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 58-year-old woman with a 12-year history of type 2 diabetes. She was compliant with regular insulin treatment and had good blood glucose control. The patient was diagnosed with invasive carcinoma of the right breast (T3N1M0 stage IIIa, HER2-positive type) through aspiration biopsy of the ipsilateral breast due to the discovery of a breast tumor in February 2019. Immunohistochemistry showed ER (-), PR (-), HER-2 (3+), and Ki-67 (55-60%+). Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, i.e., the AC-TH regimen (epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, docetaxel-paclitaxel, and trastuzumab), was administered for 8 cycles. She underwent modified radical mastectomy of the right breast in November 2019 and received tocilizumab targeted therapy for 1 year. Brain metastasis was found 9 mo after surgery. She underwent brain metastasectomy in August 2020. Immunohistochemistry showed ER (-) and PR. (-), HER-2 (3+), and Ki-67 (10-20%+). In November 2020, the patient experienced headache symptoms. After an examination, tumor recurrence in the original surgical region of the brain was observed, and the patient was treated with inetetamab, pyrotinib, and capecitabine. Whole-brain radiotherapy was recommended. The patient and her family refused radiotherapy for personal reasons. In September 2021, a routine examination revealed that the brain tumor was considerably larger. The original systemic treatment was continued and combined with intensity-modulated radiation therapy for brain metastases, followed by regular hospitalization and routine examinations. The patient's condition is generally stable, and she has a relatively high quality of life. This case report demonstrates that in patients with BCBM and resistance to trastuzumab, inetetamab combined with pyrotinib and chemotherapy can prolong survival. CONCLUSION Inetetamab combined with small molecule TKI drugs, chemotherapy and radiation may be an effective regimen for maintaining stable disease in patients with BCBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Dou
- Graduate Student Institute, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ting-Ting Sun
- Graduate Student Institute, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Wang
- Graduate Student Institute, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wei-Bing Tong
- Central Breast Area B, Beijing University Cancer Hospital Inner Mongolia Hospital, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
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Hart S, Garcia V, Dudgeon SN, Hanna MG, Li X, Blenman KRM, Elfer K, Ly A, Salgado R, Saltz J, Gupta R, Hytopoulos E, Larsimont D, Lennerz J, Gallas BD. Initial interactions with the FDA on developing a validation dataset as a medical device development tool. J Pathol 2023; 261:378-384. [PMID: 37794720 PMCID: PMC10841854 DOI: 10.1002/path.6208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast cancer tumors is a challenging task for pathologists. With the advent of whole slide imaging that digitizes glass slides, it is possible to apply computational models to quantify TILs for pathologists. Development of computational models requires significant time, expertise, consensus, and investment. To reduce this burden, we are preparing a dataset for developers to validate their models and a proposal to the Medical Device Development Tool (MDDT) program in the Center for Devices and Radiological Health of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). If the FDA qualifies the dataset for its submitted context of use, model developers can use it in a regulatory submission within the qualified context of use without additional documentation. Our dataset aims at reducing the regulatory burden placed on developers of models that estimate the density of TILs and will allow head-to-head comparison of multiple computational models on the same data. In this paper, we discuss the MDDT preparation and submission process, including the feedback we received from our initial interactions with the FDA and propose how a qualified MDDT validation dataset could be a mechanism for open, fair, and consistent measures of computational model performance. Our experiences will help the community understand what the FDA considers relevant and appropriate (from the perspective of the submitter), at the early stages of the MDDT submission process, for validating stromal TIL density estimation models and other potential computational models. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Hart
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA
| | - Victor Garcia
- Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Office Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Sarah N. Dudgeon
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kim RM Blenman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Computer Science, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Katherine Elfer
- Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Office Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Amy Ly
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA, USA
| | - Roberto Salgado
- Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
- Division of Research, Peter Mac Callum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joel Saltz
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook NY, USA
| | - Rajarsi Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook NY, USA
| | | | - Denis Larsimont
- Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jochen Lennerz
- Massachusetts General Hospital/Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brandon D. Gallas
- Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Office Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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Miglietta F, Ragazzi M, Fernandes B, Griguolo G, Massa D, Girardi F, Bottosso M, Bisagni A, Zarrilli G, Porra F, Iannaccone D, Dore L, Gaudio M, Santandrea G, Fassan M, Lo Mele M, De Sanctis R, Zambelli A, Bisagni G, Guarneri V, Dieci MV. A Prognostic Model Based on Residual Cancer Burden and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes on Residual Disease after Neoadjuvant Therapy in HER2+ Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3429-3437. [PMID: 37417941 PMCID: PMC10472099 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aim to evaluate the prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte on residual disease (RD-TIL) in HER2+ patients with breast cancer who failed to achieve pathologic complete response (pCR) after anti-HER2+ chemotherapy (CT)-based neoadjuvant treatment (NAT). We assessed the feasibility of combining the prognostic information provided by residual cancer burden (RCB) and RD-TILs into a composite score (RCB+TIL). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN HER2+ patients with breast cancer treated with CT+anti-HER2-based NAT at three institutions were retrospectively included. RCB and TIL levels were evaluated on hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides from surgical samples according to available recommendations. Overall survival (OS) was used as an outcome measure. RESULTS A total of 295 patients were included, of whom 195 had RD. RCB was significantly associated with OS. Higher RD-TILs were significantly associated with poorer OS as compared with lower RD-TILs (15% cutoff). In multivariate analysis, both RCB and RD-TIL maintained their independent prognostic value. A combined score, RCB+TIL, was calculated from the estimated coefficient of RD-TILs and the RCB index in a bivariate logistic model for OS. The RCB+TIL score was significantly associated with OS. The C-index for OS of the RCB+TIL score was numerically higher than that of RCB and significantly higher than that of RD-TILs. CONCLUSIONS We have reported an independent prognostic impact of RD-TILs after anti-HER2+CT NAT, which might underlie an imbalance of the RD microenvironment towards immunosuppressive features. We provided a new composite prognostic score based on RCB+TIL, which was significantly associated with OS and proved to be more informative than the isolated evaluation of RCB and RD-TILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Miglietta
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto – IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Moira Ragazzi
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Gaia Griguolo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto – IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Massa
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto – IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Girardi
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto – IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Bottosso
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto – IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bisagni
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zarrilli
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Porra
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto – IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Iannaccone
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto – IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Leocadia Dore
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, Rozzano (MI), Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariangela Gaudio
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, Rozzano (MI), Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto – IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marcello Lo Mele
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rita De Sanctis
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, Rozzano (MI), Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Zambelli
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, Rozzano (MI), Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Bisagni
- Oncology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto – IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Dieci
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto – IOV IRCCS, Padova, Italy
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7
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Huang G, Liu L, Pan H, Cai L. Biomimetic Active Materials Guided Immunogenic Cell Death for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201412. [PMID: 36572642 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite immunotherapy emerging as a vital approach to improve cancer treatment, the activation of efficient immune responses is still hampered by immunosuppression, especially due to the low tumor immunogenicity. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a promising strategy to reshape the tumor microenvironment (TME) for achieving high immunogenicity. Various stimuli are able to effectively initiate their specific ICD by utilizing the corresponding ICD-inducer. However, the ICD-guided antitumor immune effects are usually impaired by various biological barriers and TME-associated immune resistance. Biomimetic active materials are being extensively explored as guided agents for ICD due to their unique advantages. In this review, two major strategies are systematically introduced that have been employed to exploit biomimetic active materials guided ICD for cancer immunotherapy, mainly including naive organism-derived nanoagents and engineered bioactive platforms. This review outlines the recent advances in the field at biomimetic active materials guided physiotherapy, chemotherapy, and biotherapy for ICD induction. The advances and challenges of biomimetic active materials guided ICD for cancer immunotherapy applications are further discussed in future clinical practice. This review provides an overview of the advances of biomimetic active materials for targeting immunoregulation and treatment and can contribute to the future of advanced antitumor combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lanlan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lintao Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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8
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Zhao B, Wu B, Feng N, Zhang X, Zhang X, Wei Y, Zhang W. Aging microenvironment and antitumor immunity for geriatric oncology: the landscape and future implications. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:28. [PMID: 36945046 PMCID: PMC10032017 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has been extensively investigated; however, it is complex and remains unclear, especially in elderly patients. Senescence is a cellular response to a variety of stress signals, which is characterized by stable arrest of the cell cycle and major changes in cell morphology and physiology. To the best of our knowledge, senescence leads to consistent arrest of tumor cells and remodeling of the tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME) by activating a set of pleiotropic cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and proteinases, which constitute the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). On the one hand, the SASP promotes antitumor immunity, which enhances treatment efficacy; on the other hand, the SASP increases immunosuppressive cell infiltration, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), M2 macrophages, and N2 neutrophils, contributing to TIME suppression. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the regulation of the SASP and components contributing to robust antitumor immunity in elderly individuals with different cancer types and the available therapies is necessary to control tumor cell senescence and provide greater clinical benefits to patients. In this review, we summarize the key biological functions mediated by cytokines and intercellular interactions and significant components of the TME landscape, which influence the immunotherapy response in geriatric oncology. Furthermore, we summarize recent advances in clinical practices targeting TME components and discuss potential senescent TME targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100032, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Nan Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Wenxiong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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9
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Abstract
Numerous mitochondrial constituents and metabolic products can function as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and promote inflammation when released into the cytosol or extracellular milieu. Several safeguards are normally in place to prevent mitochondria from eliciting detrimental inflammatory reactions, including the autophagic disposal of permeabilized mitochondria. However, when the homeostatic capacity of such systems is exceeded or when such systems are defective, inflammatory reactions elicited by mitochondria can become pathogenic and contribute to the aetiology of human disorders linked to autoreactivity. In addition, inefficient inflammatory pathways induced by mitochondrial DAMPs can be pathogenic as they enable the establishment or progression of infectious and neoplastic disorders. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms through which mitochondria control inflammatory responses, the cellular pathways that are in place to control mitochondria-driven inflammation and the pathological consequences of dysregulated inflammatory reactions elicited by mitochondrial DAMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Marchi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Emma Guilbaud
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen W G Tait
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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10
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Incorporating weekly carboplatin in anthracycline and paclitaxel-containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: propensity-score matching analysis and TIL evaluation. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:266-274. [PMID: 36396818 PMCID: PMC9902542 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02050-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The generation of data capturing the risk-benefit ratio of incorporating carboplatin (Cb) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in a clinical practice setting is urgently needed. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have an established role in TNBC receiving NACT, however, the role of TIL dynamics under NACT exposure in patients receiving the current standard of care is largely uncharted. METHODS Consecutive TNBC patients receiving anthracycline-taxane [A-T] +/- Cb NACT at three Institutions were enrolled. Stromal-TILs were evaluated on pre-NACT and residual disease (RD) specimens. In the clinical cohort, propensity-score-matching was used to control selection bias. RESULTS In total, 247 patients were included (A-T = 40.5%, A-TCb = 59.5%). After propensity-score-matching, pCR was significantly higher for A-TCb vs A-T (51.9% vs 34.2%, multivariate: OR = 2.40, P = 0.01). No differences in grade ≥3 haematological toxicities were observed. TILs increased from baseline to RD in the overall population and across A-T/A-TCb subgroups. TIL increase from baseline to RD was positively and independently associated with distant disease-free survival (multivariate: HR = 0.43, P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We confirmed in a clinical practice setting of TNBC patients receiving A-T NACT that the incorporation of weekly Cb significantly improved pCR. In addition, A-T +/- Cb enhanced immune infiltration from baseline to RD. Finally, we reported a positive independent prognostic role of TIL increase after NACT exposure.
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11
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Review to Understand the Crosstalk between Immunotherapy and Tumor Metabolism. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020862. [PMID: 36677919 PMCID: PMC9863813 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have ushered in a new era of cancer treatment by increasing the likelihood of long-term survival for patients with metastatic disease and by introducing fresh therapeutic indications in cases where the disease is still in its early stages. Immune checkpoint inhibitors that target the proteins cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 have significantly improved overall survival in patients with certain cancers and are expected to help patients achieve complete long-lasting remissions and cures. Some patients who receive immune checkpoint inhibitors, however, either experience therapeutic failure or eventually develop immunotherapy resistance. Such individuals are common, which necessitates a deeper understanding of how cancer progresses, particularly with regard to nutritional regulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which comprises metabolic cross-talk between metabolites and tumor cells as well as intracellular metabolism in immune and cancer cells. Combination of immunotherapy with targeted metabolic regulation might be a focus of future cancer research despite a lack of existing clinical evidence. Here, we reviewed the significance of the tumor microenvironment and discussed the most significant immunological checkpoints that have recently been identified. In addition, metabolic regulation of tumor immunity and immunological checkpoints in the TME, including glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and other metabolic pathways were also incorporated to discuss the possible metabolism-based treatment methods being researched in preclinical and clinical settings. This review will contribute to the identification of a relationship or crosstalk between tumor metabolism and immunotherapy, which will shed significant light on cancer treatment and cancer research.
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12
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Lv H, He Y, Nie C, Du F, Chen X. Adding of apatinib and camrelizumab to overcome de novo trastuzumab resistance of HER2-positive gastric cancer: A case report and literature review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1067557. [PMID: 36699065 PMCID: PMC9868577 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1067557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies confirmed that trastuzumab plus fluorouracil-based chemotherapy improves the survival to more than 1 year in human with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive advanced gastric cancer. However, there are still a small proportion of patients who do not benefit from trastuzumab treatment. Case summary: Here, we described a case report of de novo trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive gastric cancer. Concomitant cyclin-E1 (CCNE1) and HER2 amplification are associated with de novo trastuzumab resistance. Genomic analysis demonstrated CCNE1 amplification and TP53 mutation in a HER2-positive gastric cancer patient. This patient achieved significant survival benefit and good safety when the patient received triple regimens consisting of trastuzumab, apatinib, and camrelizumab. Conclusion: Trastuzumab plus camrelizumab plus apatinib has the potential efficacy in HER2-positive gastric cancer patients who were previously treated with trastuzumab plus chemotherapy. This may lead to a new solution to trastuzumab resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Lv
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan cancer hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunduan He
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan cancer hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Caiyun Nie
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan cancer hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Du
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan cancer hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan cancer hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Zhai J, Gu X, Liu Y, Hu Y, Jiang Y, Zhang Z. Chemotherapeutic and targeted drugs-induced immunogenic cell death in cancer models and antitumor therapy: An update review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1152934. [PMID: 37153795 PMCID: PMC10160433 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1152934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As traditional strategies for cancer treatment, some chemotherapy agents, such as doxorubicin, oxaliplatin, cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and paclitaxel exert their anti-tumor effects by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells. ICD induces anti-tumor immunity through release of, or exposure to, damage-related molecular patterns (DAMPs), including high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), calreticulin, adenosine triphosphate, and heat shock proteins. This leads to activation of tumor-specific immune responses, which can act in combination with the direct killing functions of chemotherapy drugs on cancer cells to further improve their curative effects. In this review, we highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying ICD, including those of several chemotherapeutic drugs in inducing DAMPs exposed during ICD to activate the immune system, as well as discussing the prospects for application and potential role of ICD in cancer immunotherapy, with the aim of providing valuable inspiration for future development of chemoimmunotherapy.
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14
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Sato A, Kraynak J, Marciscano AE, Galluzzi L. Radiation therapy: An old dog learning new tricks. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 174:xv-xxv. [PMID: 37039770 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(23)00036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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15
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Jie C, Li R, Cheng Y, Wang Z, Wu Q, Xie C. Prospects and feasibility of synergistic therapy with radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1122352. [PMID: 36875059 PMCID: PMC9981667 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1122352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of lung cancer are increasing, seriously threatening human health and life. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has an insidious onset and is not easy to be diagnosed in its early stage. Distant metastasis often occurs and the prognosis is poor. Radiotherapy (RT) combined with immunotherapy, especially with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has become the focus of research in NSCLC. The efficacy of immunoradiotherapy (iRT) is promising, but further optimization is necessary. DNA methylation has been involved in immune escape and radioresistance, and becomes a game changer in iRT. In this review, we focused on the regulation of DNA methylation on ICIs treatment resistance and radioresistance in NSCLC and elucidated the potential synergistic effects of DNA methyltransferases inhibitors (DNMTis) with iRT. Taken together, we outlined evidence suggesting that a combination of DNMTis, RT, and immunotherapy could be a promising treatment strategy to improve NSCLC outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rumeng Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajie Cheng
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuji Wu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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16
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Sato A, Kraynak J, Marciscano AE, Galluzzi L. Radiation therapy: An old dog learning new tricks. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 180:xv-xxv. [PMID: 37890936 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(23)00166-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ai Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jeffrey Kraynak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ariel E Marciscano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
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17
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Wang H, Xu Y, Zuo F, Liu J, Yang J. Immune-based combination therapy for esophageal cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1020290. [PMID: 36591219 PMCID: PMC9797857 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is an aggressive malignancy raising a healthcare concern worldwide. Standard treatment options include surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted molecular therapy. The five-year survival rate for all stages of EC is approximately 20%, ranging from 5% to 47%, with a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis after treatment. Immunotherapy has shown better efficacy and tolerance than conventional therapies for several malignancies. Immunotherapy of EC, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, and adoptive cell therapy, has shown clinical advantages. In particular, monoclonal antibodies against PD-1 have a satisfactory role in combination therapy and are recommended for first- or second-line treatments. Here, we present a systematic summary and analysis of immunotherapy-based combination therapies for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Wang
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yufei Xu
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengli Zuo
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Junzhi Liu
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiqiao Yang
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China,Breast Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Jiqiao Yang,
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18
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Naylor G, Julian L, Watson-Bryce S, Mullin M, Nibbs RJ, Olson MF. Immunogenic Death of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells in Mice Expressing Caspase-Resistant ROCK1 Is Not Replicated by ROCK Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235943. [PMID: 36497425 PMCID: PMC9740421 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphological changes during apoptosis help facilitate "immunologically silent" cell death. Caspase cleavage of the ROCK1 kinase results in its activation, which drives the forceful contraction of apoptotic cells. We previously showed that when ROCK1 was mutated to render it caspase-resistant, there was greater liver damage and neutrophil recruitment after treatment with the hepatotoxin diethylnitrosamine (DEN). We now show that acute DEN-induced liver damage induced higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, indicative of immunogenic cell death (ICD), in mice expressing non-cleavable ROCK1 (ROCK1nc). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumours in ROCK1nc mice had more neutrophils and CD8+ T cells relative to mice expressing wild-type ROCK1, indicating that spontaneous tumour cell death also was more immunogenic. Since ICD induction has been proposed to be tumour-suppressive, the effects of two distinct ROCK inhibitors on HCC tumours was examined. Both fasudil and AT13148 significantly decreased tumour numbers, areas and volumes, but neither resulted in greater numbers of neutrophils or CD8+ T cells to be recruited. In the context of acute DEN-induced liver damage, AT13148 inhibited the recruitment of dendritic, natural killer and CD8+ T cells to livers. These observations indicate that there is an important role for ROCK1 cleavage to limit immunogenic cell death, which was not replicated by systemic ROCK inhibitor administration. As a result, concomitant administration of ROCK inhibitors with cancer therapeutics would be unlikely to result in therapeutic benefit by inducing ICD to increase anti-tumour immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Naylor
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Linda Julian
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Steven Watson-Bryce
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Margaret Mullin
- Electron Microscopy Facility, School of Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Robert J. Nibbs
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, School of Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Michael F. Olson
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 661 University Avenue Suite 1105, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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19
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Chibaya L, Snyder J, Ruscetti M. Senescence and the tumor-immune landscape: Implications for cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:827-845. [PMID: 35143990 PMCID: PMC9357237 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer therapies, including conventional chemotherapy, radiation, and molecularly targeted agents, can lead to tumor eradication through a variety of mechanisms. In addition to their effects on tumor cell growth and survival, these regimens can also influence the surrounding tumor-immune microenvironment in ways that ultimately impact therapy responses. A unique biological outcome of cancer therapy is induction of cellular senescence. Senescence is a damage-induced stress program that leads to both the durable arrest of tumor cells and remodeling the tumor-immune microenvironment through activation of a collection pleiotropic cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and proteinases known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Depending on the cancer context and the mechanism of action of the therapy, the SASP produced following therapy-induced senescence (TIS) can promote anti-tumor immunity that enhances therapeutic efficacy, or alternatively chronic inflammation that leads to therapy failure and tumor relapse. Thus, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms regulating the SASP and components necessary for robust anti-tumor immune surveillance in different cancer and therapy contexts are key to harnessing senescence for tumor control. Here we draw a roadmap to modulate TIS and its immune-stimulating features for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretah Chibaya
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jarin Snyder
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Marcus Ruscetti
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Immunology and Microbiology Program, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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20
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Ren Y, Zhang Q, Yi P, Cheng C. Metabolic modulation of immune checkpoints and novel therapeutic strategies in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:542-565. [PMID: 35151845 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have led to significant improvements in the overall survival of patients with certain cancers and are expected to benefit patients by achieving complete, long-lasting remissions and cure. However, some patients who receive ICIs either fail treatment or eventually develop immunotherapy resistance. The existence of such patients necessitates a deeper understanding of cancer progression, specifically nutrient regulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes both metabolic cross-talk between metabolites and tumor cells, and intracellular metabolism in immune and cancer cells. Here we review the features and behaviors of the TME and discuss the recently identified major immune checkpoints. We comprehensively and systematically summarize the metabolic modulation of tumor immunity and immune checkpoints in the TME, including glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and other metabolic pathways, and further discuss the potential metabolism-based therapeutic strategies tested in preclinical and clinical settings. These findings will help to determine the existence of a link or crosstalk between tumor metabolism and immunotherapy, which will provide an important insight into cancer treatment and cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yuya Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Yifei Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical Center, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, China.
| | - Chunming Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Comprehensive Cancer Center and College of Medicine at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43221, United States.
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21
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Abstract
ABSTRACT With rapid technical advances, ionizing radiation has been put into wider application in ordinary living, with the worst cytological effect on the human body being cell death. Moreover, according to the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death, the method of radiation-induced cell death, usually classified as interphase and proliferative death, undergoes more detailed classifications oriented by its molecular mechanism. Elaborating its mode and molecular mechanism is crucial for the protection and treatment of radiation injury, as well as the radiotherapy and recovery of tumors. Varying with the changes of the radiation dose and the environment, the diverse targets and pathways of ionizing radiation result in various cell deaths. This review focuses on classifications of radiation-induced cell death and its molecular mechanism. We also examine the main characteristics of ionizing radiation-induced cell death. The modes of radiation-induced cell death can be classified as apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, immunogenic cell death, and non-lethal processes. Once the dose is high enough, radiation effects mostly appear as destructiveness ("destructiveness" is used to describe a situation in which cells do not have the opportunity to undergo a routine death process, in which case high-dose radiation works like a physical attack). This breaks up or even shatters cells, making it difficult to find responses of the cell itself. Due to diversities concerning cell phenotypes, phases of cell cycle, radiation dose, and even cellular subregions, various methods of cell death occur, which are difficult to identify and classify. Additionally, the existence of common initial activation and signaling molecules among all kinds of cell deaths, as well as sophisticated crossways in cellular molecules, makes it more laborious to distinguish and classify various cell deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Jiao
- College of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Xiangyin Road, 200433 Shanghai, PR China
- Incubation Base for Undergraduates’ Innovation Practice, Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyu Cao
- College of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Xiangyin Road, 200433 Shanghai, PR China
- Incubation Base for Undergraduates’ Innovation Practice, Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Biological and Exploitable Crossroads for the Immune Response in Cancer and COVID-19. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102628. [PMID: 36289890 PMCID: PMC9599827 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has exacted a disproportionate toll on cancer patients. The effects of anticancer treatments and cancer patients’ characteristics shared significant responsibilities for this dismal outcome; however, the underlying immunopathological mechanisms are far from being completely understood. Indeed, despite their different etiologies, SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer unexpectedly share relevant immunobiological connections. In the pathogenesis and natural history of both conditions, there emerges the centrality of the immune response, orchestrating the timed appearance, functional and dysfunctional roles of multiple effectors in acute and chronic phases. A significant number (more than 600) of observational and interventional studies have explored the interconnections between COVID-19 and cancer, focusing on aspects as diverse as psychological implications and prognostic factors, with more than 4000 manuscripts published so far. In this review, we reported and discussed the dynamic behavior of the main cytokines and immune system signaling pathways involved in acute vs. early, and chronic vs. advanced stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer. We highlighted the biological similarities and active connections within these dynamic disease scenarios, exploring and speculating on possible therapeutic crossroads from one setting to the other.
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Massa D, Tosi A, Rosato A, Guarneri V, Dieci MV. Multiplexed In Situ Spatial Protein Profiling in the Pursuit of Precision Immuno-Oncology for Patients with Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4885. [PMID: 36230808 PMCID: PMC9562913 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of many solid tumors. In breast cancer (BC), immunotherapy is currently approved in combination with chemotherapy, albeit only in triple-negative breast cancer. Unfortunately, most patients only derive limited benefit from ICIs, progressing either upfront or after an initial response. Therapeutics must engage with a heterogeneous network of complex stromal-cancer interactions that can fail at imposing cancer immune control in multiple domains, such as in the genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic domains. To overcome these types of heterogeneous resistance phenotypes, several combinatorial strategies are underway. Still, they can be predicted to be effective only in the subgroups of patients in which those specific resistance mechanisms are effectively in place. As single biomarker predictive performances are necessarily suboptimal at capturing the complexity of this articulate network, precision immune-oncology calls for multi-omics tumor microenvironment profiling in order to identify unique predictive patterns and to proactively tailor combinatorial treatments. Multiplexed single-cell spatially resolved tissue analysis, through precise epitope colocalization, allows one to infer cellular functional states in view of their spatial organization. In this review, we discuss-through the lens of the cancer-immunity cycle-selected, established, and emerging markers that may be evaluated in multiplexed spatial protein panels to help identify prognostic and predictive patterns in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Massa
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Division of Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Tosi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Division of Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Dieci
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Division of Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
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Matherly LH, Schneider M, Gangjee A, Hou Z. Biology and therapeutic applications of the proton-coupled folate transporter. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2022; 18:695-706. [PMID: 36239195 PMCID: PMC9637735 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2022.2136071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT; SLC46A1) was discovered in 2006 as the principal mechanism by which folates are absorbed in the intestine and the causal basis for hereditary folate malabsorption (HFM). In 2011, it was found that PCFT is highly expressed in many tumors. This stimulated interest in using PCFT for cytotoxic drug targeting, taking advantage of the substantial levels of PCFT transport and acidic pH conditions commonly associated with tumors. AREAS COVERED We summarize the literature from 2006 to 2022 that explores the role of PCFT in the intestinal absorption of dietary folates and its role in HFM and as a transporter of folates and antifolates such as pemetrexed (Alimta) in relation to cancer. We provide the rationale for the discovery of a new generation of targeted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine antifolates with selective PCFT transport and inhibitory activity toward de novo purine biosynthesis in solid tumors. We summarize the benefits of this approach to cancer therapy and exciting new developments in the structural biology of PCFT and its potential to foster refinement of active structures of PCFT-targeted anti-cancer drugs. EXPERT OPINION We summarize the promising future and potential challenges of implementing PCFT-targeted therapeutics for HFM and a variety of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry H. Matherly
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Mathew Schneider
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Aleem Gangjee
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Zhanjun Hou
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
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Xu J, Bai Y, Li E, Xu N, Shi D, Qian J. Efficacy and safety of chemotherapy regimens for first-line treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in asia: a systematic review. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2022; 22:981-998. [PMID: 35950848 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2110470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is currently no consensus on the optimal chemotherapy regimen in the palliative first-line setting for East Asian patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). AREAS COVERED We conducted a systematic review using a literature search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library without date restrictions, and abstracts from major oncology congresses. Studies meeting the following criteria were included: East Asian patients ≥18 years old with pathologically proven metastatic or locally advanced unresectable ESCC; first-line chemotherapy; reporting of overall survival, progression-free survival, duration of response, overall response rate, and/or safety; randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, and prospective or retrospective comparative studies. In total, 39 articles were identified for the following regimens: platinum plus fluoropyrimidine (n=9), platinum plus taxane (n=16), platinum plus fluoropyrimidine plus taxane (n=7), platinum plus fluoropyrimidine plus other (n=3), irinotecan plus platinum (n=2), taxane plus fluoropyrimidine (n=1). EXPERT OPINION The available data supports both taxane plus platinum regimens and fluoropyrimidine plus platinum regimens in the first-line treatment of East Asian patients with ESCC. Compared with data from doublet chemotherapy studies, triplet chemotherapy appeared to improve ORR, but did not seem to prolong OS, possibly due to an increased incidence of adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Xu
- The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxian Bai
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Enxiao Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'An Jiaotong University, Xi'An, China
| | - Nong Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Zhu Q, Wang J, Shi Y, Zha X, Wang S. Bioinformatics Prediction and in vivo Verification Identify SLC7A5 as Immune Infiltration Related Biomarker in Breast Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:2545-2559. [PMID: 36060214 PMCID: PMC9433126 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s370397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jue Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuenian Shi
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Zha
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shui Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shui Wang; Xiaoming Zha, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210000, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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Petrazzuolo A, Maiuri MC, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Kepp O. Trial Watch: combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2077898. [PMID: 35655707 PMCID: PMC9154809 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2077898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The past decades witnessed the clinical employment of targeted therapies including but not limited to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that restrain a broad variety of pro-tumorigenic signals. TKIs can be categorized into (i) agents that directly target cancer cells, (ii) normalize angiogenesis or (iii) affect cells of the hematologic lineage. However, a clear distinction of TKIs based on this definition is limited by the fact that many TKIs designed to inhibit cancer cells have also effects on immune cells that are being discovered. Additionally, TKIs originally designed to target hematological cancers exhibit bioactivities on healthy cells of the same hematological lineage. TKIs have been described to improve immune recognition and cancer immunosurveillance, providing the scientific basis to combine TKIs with immunotherapy. Indeed, combination of TKIs with immunotherapy showed synergistic effects in preclinical models and clinical trials and some combinations of TKIs normalizing angiogenesis with immune checkpoint blocking antibodies have already been approved by the FDA for cancer therapy. However, the identification of appropriate drug combinations as well as optimal dosing and scheduling needs to be improved in order to obtain tangible progress in cancer care. This Trial Watch summarizes active clinical trials combining TKIs with various immunotherapeutic strategies to treat cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Petrazzuolo
- Team “Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity”, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - M. Chiara Maiuri
- Team “Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity”, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Faculty of Medicine, University Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Clinicobiome, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U1015, Villejuif, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) Biotheris 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Team “Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity”, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Team “Metabolism, Cancer & Immunity”, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
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Li N, Xu T, Zhou Z, Li P, Jia G, Li X. Immunotherapy Combined With Chemotherapy for Postoperative Recurrent Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:837547. [PMID: 35402270 PMCID: PMC8984464 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.837547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare malignant tumor in males with a poor prognosis. Currently, the primary treatment is surgery. Recurrent cases have limited treatment options after failed radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The therapeutic effect of immunotherapy in penile SCCs has not been reported. Tislelizumab, a new PD1 inhibitor, has shown a satisfactory impact in treating head and neck SCC and lung SCC combined with chemotherapy. However, there is currently no report on its efficacy in penile SCC. Here, a 76-year-old man with multiple enlarged inguinal lymph nodes 11 months after radical surgery for penile SCC was administered immunotherapy (tislelizumab) combined with chemotherapy (albumin paclitaxel plus nedaplatin) for 2 cycles. Pelvic Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that the multiple lymph nodes in the groin area disappeared. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy showing promising results in recurrent penile SCC. It provides a basis for developing a new treatment option combining immunotherapy and chemotherapy, whose efficacy needs to be further evaluated in penile SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tangpeng Xu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Jia
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangpan Li
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangpan Li,
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors and Immunomodulation in Renal Cell Cancers: The Past, Present, and Future. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061406. [PMID: 35326557 PMCID: PMC8946206 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In their advanced stages, the mainstay of kidney cancer treatment is with medications such as targeted or immune therapies. Breakthroughs in scientific understanding of cancer drug development have led to substantial improvements in life expectancy. Although several combinations are available to choose from, it remains unclear which is best, and furthermore why cancers become resistant to treatment. This review article explores the scientific basis behind drug treatments in kidney cancers, with particular focus on blood vessel development and the immune system, and summarizes the available evidence supporting multi-drug treatments in this context. Abstract Angiogenesis inhibitors have been adopted into the standard armamentarium of therapies for advanced-stage renal cell carcinomas (RCC), but more recently, combination regimens with immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated better outcomes. Despite this, the majority of affected patients still eventually experience progressive disease due to therapeutic resistance mechanisms, and there remains a need to develop novel therapeutic strategies. This article will review the synergistic mechanisms behind angiogenesis and immunomodulation in the tumor microenvironment and discuss the pre-clinical and clinical evidence for both clear-cell and non-clear-cell RCC, exploring opportunities for future growth in this exciting area of drug development.
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Yang Z, Chen Y, Wang Y, Hu M, Qian F, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Zhang W, Han B. Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy Versus Chemotherapy Monotherapy as a First-Line Treatment in Elderly Patients (≥75 Years Old) With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:807575. [PMID: 35237263 PMCID: PMC8882651 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.807575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Several trials have shown that pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy was more effective in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) than chemotherapy monotherapy. However, whether pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy is still a better choice for first-line treatment in elderly patients (≥75 years old) remain unknown. We retrospectively compared the efficacy and safety of these two treatments in elderly patients. Patients and Methods We collected data of 136 elderly patients with advanced NSCLC who were treated with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy monotherapy in our hospital from 2018 to 2020. We compared the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients and analyzed which subgroups might benefit more significantly from pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy. Results In total population, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy showed superior PFS and OS than chemotherapy monotherapy (PFS: 12.50 months vs. 5.30 months, P<0.001; OS: unreached vs. 21.27 months, P=0.037). Subgroup analysis showed patients with positive PD-L1 expression, stage IV, good performance score (ECOG-PS <2), fewer comorbidities (simplified comorbidity score <9) or female patients had demonstrated a more evident OS benefit in pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy. In terms of safety, the pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy group had higher treatment discontinuation (26% vs. 5%). Conclusions Elderly patients using pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy achieved longer PFS and OS, but were more likely to discontinue due to adverse effects, so disease stage, PD-L1 expression, ECOG-PS and comorbidities should be considered when selecting first-line treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bo Zhang
- *Correspondence: Baohui Han, ; Wei Zhang, ; Bo Zhang,
| | - Wei Zhang
- *Correspondence: Baohui Han, ; Wei Zhang, ; Bo Zhang,
| | - Baohui Han
- *Correspondence: Baohui Han, ; Wei Zhang, ; Bo Zhang,
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Sato A, Kraynak J, Marciscano AE, Galluzzi L. Radiation therapy: An old dog learning new tricks. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 172:xiii-xxiii. [PMID: 36064230 PMCID: PMC10087864 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(22)00139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Álvarez-Abril B, Bloy N, Galassi C, Sato A, Jiménez-Cortegana C, Klapp V, Aretz A, Guilbaud E, Buqué A, Galluzzi L, Yamazaki T. Cytofluorometric assessment of acute cell death responses driven by radiation therapy. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 172:17-36. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bund V, Azaïs H, Bibi-Triki S, Lecointre L, Betrian SB, Angeles MA, Eberst L, Faller E, Boisramé T, Bendifallah S, Akladios C, Deluche É. Basics of immunotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancer. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2021; 51:102283. [PMID: 34875397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal of all gynecological cancers. Despite excellent responses to standard treatment in approximately 70% of patients, most of them will relapse within 5 years of initial treatment and many of them will develop chemotherapy-resistant disease. It is then important to find other means of treatment for these patients such as immunotherapy or targeted therapy. To understand immunotherapy, it is important to explain the dynamic interplay between cancer and the immune system. Compared to traditional tumor therapies, immunotherapy acts primarily on the immune system or the tumor microenvironment but not directly on the tumor cells, and it may also promote synergistic anti-tumor actions as part of a combined treatment. The aim of this narrative review is to provide a basic understanding of immunotherapy the interest of this treatment in EOC, and to present the main ongoing studies that could change patient management in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Bund
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Institut thématique interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Henri Azaïs
- Department of Gynecologic and Breast Oncological Surgery, Georges-Pompidou European Hospital, APHP. Centre, France.
| | - Sabrina Bibi-Triki
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Institut thématique interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Lise Lecointre
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; IHU-Strasbourg (Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire), Strasbourg, France.
| | - Sarah Bétrian Betrian
- Medical oncology Department, Institut Claudius Regaud, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse, France.
| | - Martina Aida Angeles
- Department of Gynecologic and Breast Oncological Surgery, European Georges-Pompidou Hospital, APHP. Centre, France.
| | - Lauriane Eberst
- Department of Oncology, Institut de Cancérologie de Strasbourg (ICANS), Strasbourg, France.
| | - Emilie Faller
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Boisramé
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Chérif Akladios
- Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; I.R.C.A.D - Institut de Recherche contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif. 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Élise Deluche
- Medical oncology Department, Limoges University Hospital, France.
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Sakaguchi A, Horimoto Y, Onagi H, Ikarashi D, Nakayama T, Nakatsura T, Shimizu H, Kojima K, Yao T, Matsumoto T, Ogura K, Kitano S. Plasma cell infiltration and treatment effect in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:99. [PMID: 34715905 PMCID: PMC8555250 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01477-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL)-high breast tumours have a high rate of pathological complete response (pCR) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In our routine pathological diagnoses of biopsy specimens from pCR cases, we have observed a high infiltration of plasma cells (PCs). A positive correlation of PCs with favourable patient outcome has recently been reported, but little is known about how PCs contribute to local tumour immunity. Methods We retrospectively examined biopsy specimens from 146 patients with invasive breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CD138+ PC infiltration was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Multiplexed fluorescent immunohistochemistry (mfIHC) with T and B cell markers was also conducted to elucidate the profile of immune cells. Results Greater PC infiltration was observed in the pCR group (p = 0.028) and this trend was confirmed in another patient cohort. With mfIHC, we observed significantly more CD8+, T-bet+CD4+, and CD8+FOXP3+ T cells, total B cells and PCs in pCR cases. Such cases were also characterised by high expression of both PD-1 and PD-L1 on B cells and PCs. In patients with hormone receptor-negative tumours, high PC infiltration was correlated with significantly longer disease-free survival (p = 0.034). Conclusions We found that higher PC infiltration in biopsy specimens before neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with pCR. With mfIHC, we also revealed that the local cytotoxic immune response was clearly enhanced in pCR cases, as was the infiltration of B cells including PCs. Moreover, higher PC levels were correlated with favourable outcomes in hormone receptor-negative breast cancer patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13058-021-01477-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asumi Sakaguchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, 3-1-10 Takanodai, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 177-8521, Japan.,Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Horimoto
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Onagi
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Ikarashi
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakayama
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakatsura
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Hideo Shimizu
- Department of General Surgery, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, 3-1-10 Takanodai, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 177-8521, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Kojima
- Department of General Surgery, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, 3-1-10 Takanodai, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 177-8521, Japan
| | - Takashi Yao
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Matsumoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, 3-1-10 Takanodai, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 177-8521, Japan
| | - Kanako Ogura
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, 3-1-10 Takanodai, Nerima-ku, Tokyo, 177-8521, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Kitano
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy Development, Advanced Medical Development Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
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35
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Shang S, Liu J, Verma V, Wu M, Welsh J, Yu J, Chen D. Combined treatment of non-small cell lung cancer using radiotherapy and immunotherapy: challenges and updates. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:1086-1099. [PMID: 34658186 PMCID: PMC8626591 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of immunotherapy for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unsatisfactory, as the majority of patients either do not experience an objective response or acquire secondary resistance. As a result, several methods to enhance the systemic efficacy of immunotherapy have been investigated, including a large area of active research by combining immunotherapy with radiation therapy (RT). Given the rapidly burgeoning concept of combining immunotherapy and RT for increasing therapeutic benefit, we review the progress in this field thus far and explore further avenues for enhancing this combination. This review commences with a discussion of the only two existing randomized trials (and a pooled analysis) showing that the addition of RT to immunotherapy improves the abscopal response rate, progression‐free survival, and overall survival in metastatic NSCLC patients. We then discussed factors and biomarkers that may be associated with a proportionally greater benefit to additional RT, such as low programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD‐L1) status, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and patient's immune function. Next, the implementation of RT to overcome immunotherapy resistance is discussed, including a mechanistic discussion and methods with which these mechanisms could be exploited. Lastly, the emerging role of low‐dose RT is discussed, which may help to overcome inhibitory signals in the tumor stroma that limit T‐cell infiltration. Taken together, given the current state of this rapidly expanding realm, these futuristic strategies may be reflected upon to further enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy for a wider group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Shang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Laboratory of Radio-Immunology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77030, the United States of America
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Laboratory of Radio-Immunology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
| | - James Welsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, Texas, 77030, the United States of America
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Laboratory of Radio-Immunology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Laboratory of Radio-Immunology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
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36
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Sommer BC, Dhawan D, Ruple A, Ramos-Vara JA, Hahn NM, Utturkar SM, Ostrander EA, Parker HG, Fulkerson CM, Childress MO, Fourez LM, Enstrom AW, Knapp DW. Basal and Luminal Molecular Subtypes in Naturally-Occurring Canine Urothelial Carcinoma are Associated with Tumor Immune Signatures and Dog Breed. Bladder Cancer 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/blc-201523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Improved therapies are needed for patients with invasive urothelial carcinoma (InvUC). Tailoring treatment to molecular subtypes holds promise, but requires further study, including studies in pre-clinical animal models. Naturally-occurring canine InvUC harbors luminal and basal subtypes, mimicking those observed in humans, and could offer a relevant model for the disease in people. OBJECTIVE: To further validate the canine InvUC model, clinical and tumor characteristics associated with luminal and basal subtypes in dogs were determined, with comparison to findings from humans. METHODS: RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses were performed on 56 canine InvUC tissues and bladder mucosa from four normal dogs. Data were aligned to CanFam 3.1, and differentially expressed genes identified. Data were interrogated with panels of genes defining luminal and basal subtypes, immune signatures, and other tumor features. Subject and tumor characteristics, and outcome data were obtained from medical records. RESULTS: Twenty-nine tumors were classified as luminal and 27 tumors as basal subtype. Basal tumors were strongly associated with immune infiltration (OR 52.22, 95%CI 4.68–582.38, P = 0.001) and cancer progression signatures in RNA-seq analyses, more advanced clinical stage, and earlier onset of distant metastases in exploratory analyses (P = 0.0113). Luminal tumors were strongly associated with breeds at high risk for InvUC (OR 0.06, 95%CI 0.01 –0.37, P = 0.002), non-immune infiltrative signatures, and less advanced clinical stage. CONCLUSIONS: Dogs with InvUC could provide a valuable model for testing new treatment strategies in the context of molecular subtype and immune status, and the search for germline variants impacting InvUC onset and subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breann C. Sommer
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Deepika Dhawan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Audrey Ruple
- Department of Public Health, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - José A. Ramos-Vara
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, USA
| | - Noah M. Hahn
- Department of Oncology and Urology, and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sagar M. Utturkar
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Elaine A. Ostrander
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heidi G. Parker
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher M. Fulkerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Michael O. Childress
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Lindsey M. Fourez
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Alexander W. Enstrom
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Deborah W. Knapp
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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37
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Rossman P, Zabka TS, Ruple A, Tuerck D, Ramos-Vara JA, Liu L, Mohallem R, Merchant M, Franco J, Fulkerson CM, Bhide KP, Breen M, Aryal UK, Murray E, Dybdal N, Utturkar SM, Fourez LM, Enstrom AW, Dhawan D, Knapp DW. Phase I/II Trial of Vemurafenib in Dogs with Naturally Occurring, BRAF-mutated Urothelial Carcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2177-2188. [PMID: 34433660 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BRAF-targeted therapies including vemurafenib (Zelboraf) induce dramatic cancer remission; however, drug resistance commonly emerges. The purpose was to characterize a naturally occurring canine cancer model harboring complex features of human cancer, to complement experimental models to improve BRAF-targeted therapy. A phase I/II clinical trial of vemurafenib was performed in pet dogs with naturally occurring invasive urothelial carcinoma (InvUC) harboring the canine homologue of human BRAF V600E The safety, MTD, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity were determined. Changes in signaling and immune gene expression were assessed by RNA sequencing and phosphoproteomic analyses of cystoscopic biopsies obtained before and during treatment, and at progression. The vemurafenib MTD was 37.5 mg/kg twice daily. Anorexia was the most common adverse event. At the MTD, partial remission occurred in 9 of 24 dogs (38%), with a median progression-free interval of 181 days (range, 53-608 days). In 18% of the dogs, new cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and papillomas occurred, a known pharmacodynamic effect of vemurafenib in humans. Upregulation of genes in the classical and alternative MAPK-related pathways occurred in subsets of dogs at cancer progression. The most consistent transcriptomic changes were the increase in patterns of T lymphocyte infiltration during the first month of vemurafenib, and of immune failure accompanying cancer progression. In conclusion, the safety, antitumor activity, and cutaneous pharmacodynamic effects of vemurafenib, and the development of drug resistance in dogs closely mimic those reported in humans. This suggests BRAF-mutated canine InvUC offers an important complementary animal model to improve BRAF-targeted therapies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Rossman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Tanja S Zabka
- Development Sciences, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Audrey Ruple
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Dietrich Tuerck
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - José A Ramos-Vara
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Liling Liu
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Rodrigo Mohallem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Mark Merchant
- Translational Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Jackeline Franco
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Christopher M Fulkerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Ketaki P Bhide
- Bioinformatics Core, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Matthew Breen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Uma K Aryal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Elaine Murray
- Global Safety Risk Management, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Noel Dybdal
- Development Sciences, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Sagar M Utturkar
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Lindsey M Fourez
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Alexander W Enstrom
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Deepika Dhawan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Deborah W Knapp
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. .,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana
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38
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Romero S, Balaguer-Roselló A, Montoro J, Beneit P, Martínez A, Ruiz C, Andreu R, Guerreiro M, Arnao M, Montava A, Vicente AI, Jarque I, Sanz J. Addition of chemotherapy to nivolumab after PD-1 inhibitor failure as bridge to allogeneic stem cell transplantation in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma: report on three cases and literature review. Ther Adv Hematol 2021; 12:20406207211038181. [PMID: 34434538 PMCID: PMC8381419 DOI: 10.1177/20406207211038181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis of refractory or relapsed (R/R) classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) after autologous stem cell transplantation has improved greatly due to the introduction of brentuximab vedotin and PD-1 inhibitors. However, the duration of response achieved with these novel agents is too short. The information about the management of patients after anti-PD-1 therapy failure is very limited in cHL, although chemotherapy alone or combined with PD-1 inhibitors has shown encouraging results. We report three cases of heavily pretreated cHL, refractory to nivolumab monotherapy, successfully rescued with the addition of chemotherapy to nivolumab, as a bridge to allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). All three patients presented poor clinical features such as three to four previous lines including brentuximab vedotin and autologous stem cell transplantation, refractoriness to the last line of therapy previous to nivolumab, and rapid disease progression. Notwithstanding these characteristics and nivolumab failure, they achieved a complete response after the addition of chemotherapy, were consolidated with allo-SCT, and still remain in complete response. There are few studies concerning the combination of PD-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy after nivolumab failure, including one retrospective study and one phase II trial with nivolumab plus bendamustine. Therefore, only few patients are consolidated with allo-SCT. However, there are several ongoing trials investigating new combinations of chemotherapy and PD-1 inhibitors in R/R cHL, as well as in first line. All these data suggest that anti-PD-1 therapy may reprogram the immune system, activating and inhibiting effector and immunosuppressive cells, respectively, leading to overtake of chemorefractoriness. Allo-SCT can increase the immune-related events of patients treated with anti-PD-1 previously, consistent on acute graft-versus-host disease, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, and noninfectious febrile syndrome. In conclusion, the combination of PD-1 inhibitor and chemotherapy may be a feasible therapy after anti-PD-1 treatment failure as a bridge to allo-SCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Romero
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i
Politècnic La Fe, Avda. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026 Valencia,
Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe
(IIS-La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Aitana Balaguer-Roselló
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i
Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe
(IIS-La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Montoro
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i
Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe
(IIS-La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Paola Beneit
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario
San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Amelia Martínez
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario
de Torrevieja, Spain
| | - Cristina Ruiz
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital
Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Andreu
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i
Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Guerreiro
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i
Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe
(IIS-La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Arnao
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i
Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alberto Montava
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i
Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana I. Vicente
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i
Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isidro Jarque
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i
Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid,
Spain
| | - Jaime Sanz
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i
Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid,
Spain
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39
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Woodford R, Briscoe K, Tustin R, Jain A. Immunotherapy-related gastritis: Two case reports and literature review. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ONCOLOGY 2021; 15:11795549211028570. [PMID: 34290539 PMCID: PMC8274081 DOI: 10.1177/11795549211028570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is increasingly defining a role in a wide variety of tumours such that as use becomes more ubiquitous, so too will the complications. A relatively rare complication of immunotherapy use is immune-related gastritis. In this case series, we present two cases of immunotherapy-related gastritis from our institution and undertake a comprehensive review and analysis of the literature around this less common adverse event.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Briscoe
- Coffs Harbour Health Campus, Coffs Harbour, Australia
| | | | - Ankit Jain
- Coffs Harbour Health Campus, Coffs Harbour, Australia.,The Canberra Hospital, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, New South Wales, Australia
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40
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Lauret Marie Joseph E, Kirilovsky A, Lecoester B, El Sissy C, Boullerot L, Rangan L, Marguier A, Tochet F, Dosset M, Boustani J, Ravel P, Boidot R, Spehner L, Haicheur-Adjouri N, Marliot F, Pallandre JR, Bonnefoy F, Scripcariu V, Van den Eynde M, Cornillot E, Mirjolet C, Pages F, Adotevi O. Chemoradiation triggers antitumor Th1 and tissue resident memory-polarized immune responses to improve immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002256. [PMID: 34230108 PMCID: PMC8261891 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple synergistic combination approaches with cancer drugs are developed to overcome primary resistance to immunotherapy; however, the mechanistic rationale to combine chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors remains elusive. Methods This study described the immunological landscape of tumor microenvironment (TME) exposed to CRT. Tumor samples from patients with rectal cancer (n=43) treated with neoadjuvant CRT or radiotherapy were analyzed by nanostring and immunohistochemistry. Studies in mice were performed using three syngeneic tumors (TC1, CT26 and MC38). Tumor-bearing mice were treated either with platinum-based CRT, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Anti-CTLA-4 and/or anti-Programmed Cell Death Receptor-1 (PD-1) therapy was used in combination with CRT. The therapy-exposed TME was screened by RNA sequencing and flow cytometry and tumor-infiltrating T lymphocyte functionality was evaluated by interferon (IFN)-γ ELIspot and intracellular cytokine staining. Results Front-to-front comparison analysis revealed the synergistic effect of CRT to establish a highly inflamed and Th1-polarized immune signature in the TME of patients and mice. In both settings, CRT-exposed TMEs were highly enriched in newly-infiltrated tumor-specific CD8+ T cells as well as tissue resident memory CD103+CD8+ T cells. In mice, CD8 T cells were involved in the antitumor response mediated by CRT and were primed by CRT-activated CD103+ dendritic cells. In the three tumor models, we showed that concurrent combination of CRT with a dual CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade was required to achieve an optimal antitumor effect and to establish a broad and long-lasting protective antitumor T cell immunity. Conclusions Our results highlight the ability of CRT to stimulate strong antitumor T-cell-mediated immunity and tissue resident memory T activation in TME, to foster immune checkpoint inhibitors action. These findings have implications in clinic for the design clinical trials combining chemoradiation with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amos Kirilovsky
- Immunology and Cancer Department, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Cordeliers Research Center, INSERM UMRS1138, Paris, France.,Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Lecoester
- INSERM, UMR1098, RIGHT, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Carine El Sissy
- Immunology and Cancer Department, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Cordeliers Research Center, INSERM UMRS1138, Paris, France.,Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laura Boullerot
- INSERM, UMR1098, RIGHT, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Laurie Rangan
- INSERM, UMR1098, RIGHT, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Amélie Marguier
- INSERM, UMR1098, RIGHT, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Florent Tochet
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Magalie Dosset
- INSERM, UMR1098, RIGHT, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Jihane Boustani
- INSERM, UMR1098, RIGHT, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Patrice Ravel
- Equipe Bioinformatique et Biologie des Systèmes du Cancer, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier-INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Romain Boidot
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Laurie Spehner
- INSERM, UMR1098, RIGHT, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Nacilla Haicheur-Adjouri
- Immunology and Cancer Department, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Cordeliers Research Center, INSERM UMRS1138, Paris, France.,Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Florence Marliot
- Immunology and Cancer Department, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Cordeliers Research Center, INSERM UMRS1138, Paris, France.,Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-René Pallandre
- INSERM, UMR1098, RIGHT, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Francis Bonnefoy
- INSERM, UMR1098, RIGHT, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Viorel Scripcariu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology Iaşi, Iasi, Romania
| | - Marc Van den Eynde
- Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc Institut Roi Albert II, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Cornillot
- Cancer Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, IRCM, Montpellier, France.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Mirjolet
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Franck Pages
- Immunology and Cancer Department, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Cordeliers Research Center, INSERM UMRS1138, Paris, France.,Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Adotevi
- INSERM, UMR1098, RIGHT, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France .,Department of Medical Oncology, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
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41
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Michelakos T, Cai L, Villani V, Sabbatino F, Kontos F, Fernández-Del Castillo C, Yamada T, Neyaz A, Taylor MS, Deshpande V, Kurokawa T, Ting DT, Qadan M, Weekes CD, Allen JN, Clark JW, Hong TS, Ryan DP, Wo JY, Warshaw AL, Lillemoe KD, Ferrone S, Ferrone CR. Tumor Microenvironment Immune Response in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients Treated With Neoadjuvant Therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 113:182-191. [PMID: 32497200 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djaa073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant folinic acid, fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) and chemoradiation have been used to downstage borderline and locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Whether neoadjuvant therapy-induced tumor immune response contributes to the improved survival is unknown. Therefore, we evaluated whether neoadjuvant therapy induces an immune response towards PDAC. METHODS Clinicopathological variables were collected for surgically resected PDACs at the Massachusetts General Hospital (1998-2016). Neoadjuvant regimens included FOLFIRINOX with or without chemoradiation, proton chemoradiation (25 Gy), photon chemoradiation (50.4 Gy), or no neoadjuvant therapy. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II expression and immune cell infiltration (CD4+, FoxP3+, CD8+, granzyme B+ cells, and M2 macrophages) were analyzed immunohistochemically and correlated with clinicopathologic variables. The antitumor immune response was compared among neoadjuvant therapy regimens. All statistical tests were 2-sided. RESULTS Two hundred forty-eight PDAC patients were included. The median age was 64 years and 50.0% were female. HLA-A defects were less frequent in the FOLFIRINOX cohort (P = .006). HLA class II expression was lowest in photon and highest in proton patients (P = .02). The FOLFIRINOX cohort exhibited the densest CD8+ cell infiltration (P < .001). FOLFIRINOX and proton patients had the highest CD4+ and lowest T regulatory (FoxP3+) cell density, respectively. M2 macrophage density was statistically significantly higher in the treatment-naïve group (P < .001) in which dense M2 macrophage infiltration was an independent predictor of poor overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX with or without chemoradiation may induce immunologically relevant changes in the tumor microenvironment. It may reduce HLA-A defects, increase CD8+ cell density, and decrease T regulatory cell and M2 macrophage density. Therefore, neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX therapy may benefit from combinations with checkpoint inhibitors, which can enhance patients' antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Michelakos
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Cai
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Vincenzo Villani
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Sabbatino
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Filippos Kontos
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Teppei Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Azfar Neyaz
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin S Taylor
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vikram Deshpande
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Kurokawa
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T Ting
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Motaz Qadan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Colin D Weekes
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill N Allen
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Clark
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theodore S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David P Ryan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Wo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew L Warshaw
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith D Lillemoe
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cristina R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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42
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Boustani J, Joseph ELM, Martin E, Benhmida S, Lecoester B, Tochet F, Mirjolet C, Chevalier C, Thibouw D, Vulquin N, Servagi S, Sun X, Adotévi O. Cisplatin-based chemoradiation decreases telomerase-specific CD4 TH1 response but increases immune suppressive cells in peripheral blood. BMC Immunol 2021; 22:38. [PMID: 34144673 PMCID: PMC8212531 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-021-00429-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The synergistic effect of chemoradiation (CRT) has been previously demonstrated in several cancer types. Here, we investigated the systemic immune effects of CRT in patients with lung or head and neck cancer. Materials and methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected at baseline and 1 month after treatment from blood samples of 29 patients treated with cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy for lung or head and neck cancer. Circulating anti-tumor Th1 response was assessed by the ELISpot assay using a mixture of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II restricted peptides derived from telomerase (TERT). Phenotyping of circulating immunosuppressive cells (Treg and MDSC) was performed by flow cytometry. Results A significant increase of circulating Treg was observed in 60% of patients after CRT The mean rate of Treg was 3.1% versus 4.9% at baseline and after CRT respectively, p = 0.0015). However, there was a no significant increase of MDSC rate after CRT. In contrast, a decrease of tumor-specific Th1 response was documented in 7 out of 10 evaluated patients. We found high frequency of pre-existing tumor-specific Th1 response among patients with objective response after CRT compared to non-responders. Conclusion Cisplatin-based CRT promotes expansion of Treg and decrease of circulating anti-tumor Th1 response in peripheral blood. The balance towards a sustained specific anti-tumor T-cell response appears to be associated with response to CRT. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12865-021-00429-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihane Boustani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France. .,INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Elodie Lauret Marie Joseph
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Etienne Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre George François Leclerc, 21079, Dijon, France
| | - Salim Benhmida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Benoit Lecoester
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Florent Tochet
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Céline Mirjolet
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre George François Leclerc, 21079, Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR 1231, 21079, Dijon, France
| | - Cédric Chevalier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre George François Leclerc, 21079, Dijon, France
| | - David Thibouw
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre George François Leclerc, 21079, Dijon, France
| | - Noémie Vulquin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre George François Leclerc, 21079, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphanie Servagi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Godinot, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Xushan Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, North Franche-Comté Hospital, 25200, Montbéliard, France
| | - Olivier Adotévi
- INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000, Besançon, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
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43
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Cancer Vaccines: Promising Therapeutics or an Unattainable Dream. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060668. [PMID: 34207062 PMCID: PMC8233841 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of cancer treatment and offers cancer patients new hope. Although this therapy has proved highly successful for some patients, its efficacy is not all encompassing and several cancer types do not respond. Cancer vaccines offer an alternate approach to promote anti-tumor immunity that differ in their mode of action from antibody-based therapies. Cancer vaccines serve to balance the equilibrium of the crosstalk between the tumor cells and the host immune system. Recent advances in understanding the nature of tumor-mediated tolerogenicity and antigen presentation has aided in the identification of tumor antigens that have the potential to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Cancer vaccines can either be prophylactic (preventative) or therapeutic (curative). An exciting option for therapeutic vaccines is the emergence of personalized vaccines, which are tailor-made and specific for tumor type and individual patient. This review summarizes the current standing of the most promising vaccine strategies with respect to their development and clinical efficacy. We also discuss prospects for future development of stem cell-based prophylactic vaccines.
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44
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Berzaghi R, Tornaas S, Lode K, Hellevik T, Martinez-Zubiaurre I. Ionizing Radiation Curtails Immunosuppressive Effects From Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts on Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:662594. [PMID: 34177901 PMCID: PMC8221608 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.662594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) participate actively in tumor development and affect treatment responses, by among other mechanisms, promoting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In contrast to normal fibroblasts, reactive CAFs secrete a myriad of immunomodulatory soluble factors at high levels, i.e. growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines, which directly influence tumor immunity and inflammation. CAFs have been identified as important players in tumor radioresistance. However, knowledge on the immunomodulatory functions of CAFs during/after radiotherapy is still lacking. In this study, we investigated the effects of ionizing radiation on CAF-mediated regulation of dendritic cells (DCs). CAFs were obtained from freshly operated lung cancer tissues, while DCs were procured from peripheral blood of healthy donors. Experimental settings comprised both co-cultures and incubations with conditioned medium from control and irradiated CAFs. Functional assays to study DC differentiation/activation consisted on cytokine release, expression of cell-surface markers, antigen uptake, migration rates, T cell priming, and DC-signaling analysis. We demonstrate that CAFs induce a tolerogenic phenotype in DCs by promoting down-regulation of: i) signature DC markers (CD14, CD1a, CD209); ii) activation markers (CD80, CD86, CD40, and HLA-DR) and iii) functional properties (migration, antigen uptake, and CD4+ T cell priming). Notably, some of these effects were lost in conditioned medium from CAFs irradiated at fractionated medium-dose regimens (3x6 Gy). However, the expression of relevant CAF-derived regulatory agents like thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) or tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) was unchanged upon irradiation. This study demonstrates that CAFs interfere with DC immune functions and unveil that certain radiation regimens may reverse CAF-mediated immunosuppressive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Berzaghi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Stian Tornaas
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristin Lode
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Turid Hellevik
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Inigo Martinez-Zubiaurre
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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45
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Vankerckhoven A, Baert T, Riva M, De Bruyn C, Thirion G, Vandenbrande K, Ceusters J, Vergote I, Coosemans A. Type of chemotherapy has substantial effects on the immune system in ovarian cancer. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101076. [PMID: 33770618 PMCID: PMC8022256 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy induces a variety of immunological changes. Studying these effects can reveal opportunities for successful combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Immuno-chemotherapeutic combinations in ovarian cancer are currently not generating the anticipated positive effects. To date, only scattered and inconsistent information is available about the immune-induced changes by chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. In this study, we compared six common chemotherapeutics used in ovarian cancer patients (carboplatin, paclitaxel, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, gemcitabine, carboplatin-paclitaxel and carboplatin-gemcitabine) and studied their effects on the immune system in an ovarian cancer mouse model. Mice received a single chemotherapy or vehicle injection 21 days after tumor inoculation with ID8-fluc cells. One week after therapy administration, we collected peritoneal washings for flow cytometry, serum for cytokine analysis with cytometric bead array and tumor biopsies for immunohistochemistry. Carboplatin-paclitaxel showed the most favorable profile with a decrease in immunosuppressive cells in the peritoneal cavity and an increase of interferon-gamma in serum. In contrast, carboplatin-gemcitabine seemed to promote a hostile immune environment with an increase in regulatory T-cells in tumor tissue and an increase of macrophage-inflammatory-protein-1-beta in the serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Vankerckhoven
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thaïs Baert
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Kliniken Essen Mitte (KEM), Essen, Germany
| | - Matteo Riva
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosurgery, CHU UCL Namur, University Hospital of Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Christine De Bruyn
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Gitte Thirion
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katja Vandenbrande
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien Ceusters
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Gynaecologic Oncology, KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Leuven Cancer Institute, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Coosemans
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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46
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De Wispelaere W, Annibali D, Tuyaerts S, Lambrechts D, Amant F. Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Uterine Leiomyosarcoma: What Can We Learn from Other Cancer Types? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092040. [PMID: 33922556 PMCID: PMC8122870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy over the last decade has transformed the therapeutic landscape in oncology. ICB has shown unprecedented clinical activity and durable responses in a variety of difficult-to-treat cancers. However, despite these promising long-term responses, a majority of patients fail to respond to single-agent therapy, demonstrating primary or acquired resistance. Uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) is a rare high-risk gynecological cancer with very limited treatment options. Despite research indicating a strong potential for ICB in uLMS, a clinical trial assessing the response to immunotherapy with single-agent nivolumab in advanced-stage uLMS showed no clinical benefit. Many mechanisms of resistance to ICB have been characterized in a variety of tumor types, and many more continue to be uncovered. However, the mechanisms of resistance to ICB in uLMS remain largely unexplored. By elucidating and targeting mechanisms of resistance, treatments can be tailored to improve clinical outcomes. Therefore, in this review we will explore what is known about the immunosuppressive microenvironment of uLMS, link these data to possible resistance mechanisms extrapolated from other cancer types, and discuss potential therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wout De Wispelaere
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven (University of Leuven) and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (W.D.W.); (D.A.); (S.T.)
| | - Daniela Annibali
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven (University of Leuven) and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (W.D.W.); (D.A.); (S.T.)
- Division of Oncogenomics, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek—Netherlands Cancer Institute (AvL-NKI), 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven (University of Leuven) and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (W.D.W.); (D.A.); (S.T.)
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Flemish Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven (University of Leuven) and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (W.D.W.); (D.A.); (S.T.)
- Centre for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA), Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek—Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center (UMC), 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven (UZ Leuven), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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47
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Huber V, Di Guardo L, Lalli L, Giardiello D, Cova A, Squarcina P, Frati P, Di Giacomo AM, Pilla L, Tazzari M, Camisaschi C, Arienti F, Castelli C, Rodolfo M, Beretta V, Di Nicola M, Maio M, Del Vecchio M, de Braud F, Mariani L, Rivoltini L. Back to simplicity: a four-marker blood cell score to quantify prognostically relevant myeloid cells in melanoma patients. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-001167. [PMID: 33589521 PMCID: PMC7887358 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), a cornerstone of cancer-related immunosuppression, influence response to therapy and disease outcomes in melanoma patients. Nevertheless, their quantification is far from being integrated into routine clinical practice mostly because of the complex and still evolving phenotypic signatures applied to define the cell subsets. Here, we used a multistep downsizing process to verify whether a core of few markers could be sufficient to capture the prognostic potential of myeloid cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of metastatic melanoma patients. Methods In baseline frozen PBMC from a total of 143 stage IIIc to IV melanoma patients, we first assessed the relevant or redundant expression of myeloid and MDSC-related markers by flow cytometry (screening set, n=23 patients). Subsequently, we applied the identified panel to the development set samples (n=59 patients undergoing first/second-line therapy) to obtain prognostic variables associated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) by machine learning adaptive index modeling. Finally, the identified score was confirmed in a validation set (n=61) and compared with standard clinical prognostic factors to assess its additive value in patient prognostication. Results This selection process led to the identification of what we defined myeloid index score (MIS), which is composed by four cell subsets (CD14+, CD14+HLA-DRneg, CD14+PD-L1+ and CD15+ cells), whose frequencies above cut-offs stratified melanoma patients according to progressively worse prognosis. Patients with a MIS=0, showing no over-threshold value of MIS subsets, had the best clinical outcome, with a median survival of >33.6 months, while in patients with MIS 1→3, OS deteriorated from 10.9 to 6.8 and 6.0 months as the MIS increased (p<0.0001, c-index=0.745). MIS clustered patients into risk groups also according to PFS (p<0.0001). The inverse correlation between MIS and survival was confirmed in the validation set, was independent of the type of therapy and was not interfered by clinical prognostic factors. MIS HR was remarkably superior to that of lactate dehydrogenase, tumor burden and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Conclusion The MIS >0 identifies melanoma patients with a more aggressive disease, thus acting as a simple blood biomarker that can help tailoring therapeutic choices in real-life oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Huber
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Di Guardo
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Lalli
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Giardiello
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Division of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Agata Cova
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Squarcina
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Frati
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Pilla
- Unit of Immuno-biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Marcella Tazzari
- Immunotherapy-Cell Therapy and Biobank Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Chiara Camisaschi
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technical Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavio Arienti
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Service (SIMT), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Castelli
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Rodolfo
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Beretta
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Experimental Hematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Nicola
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Maio
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Michele Del Vecchio
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Mariani
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organization, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Licia Rivoltini
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Ricci AD, Rizzo A, Brandi G. DNA damage response alterations in gastric cancer: knocking down a new wall. Future Oncol 2021; 17:865-868. [PMID: 33508962 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Dalia Ricci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic & Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic & Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, 40138, Italy
| | - Giovanni Brandi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic & Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, 40138, Italy
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Natural Compounds of Marine Origin as Inducers of Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD): Potential Role for Cancer Interception and Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020231. [PMID: 33504012 PMCID: PMC7912082 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD) has always been considered a tolerogenic event. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) occurs as a consequence of tumour cell death accompanied by the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), triggering an immune response. ICD plays a major role in stimulating the function of the immune system in cancer during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. ICD can therefore represent one of the routes to boost anticancer immune responses. According to the recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (2018), apoptosis (type I cell death) and necrosis (type II cell death) represent are not the only types of RCD, which also includes necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and others. Specific downstream signalling molecules and death-inducing stimuli can regulate distinct forms of ICD, which develop and promote the immune cell response. Dying cells deliver different potential immunogenic signals, such as DAMPs, which are able to stimulate the immune system. The acute exposure of DAMPs can prime antitumour immunity by inducing activation of antigen-presenting cells (APC), such as dendritic cells (DC), leading to the downstream response by cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells (NK). As ICD represents an important target to direct and develop new pharmacological interventions, the identification of bioactive natural products, which are endowed with low side effects, higher tolerability and preferentially inducing immunogenic programmed cell death, represents a priority in biomedical research. The ability of ICD to drive the immune response depends on two major factors, neither of which is intrinsic to cell death: ‘Antigenicity and adjuvanticity’. Indeed, the use of natural ICD-triggering molecules, alone or in combination with different (immuno)therapies, can result in higher efficacy and tolerability. Here, we focused on natural (marine) compounds, particularly on marine microalgae derived molecules such as exopolysaccharides, sulphated polysaccharides, glycopeptides, glycolipids, phospholipids, that are endowed with ICD-inducing properties and sulfavants. Here, we discuss novel and repurposed small-molecule ICD triggers, as well as their ability to target important molecular pathways including the IL-6, TNF-α and interferons (IFNs), leading to immune stimulation, which could be used alone or in combinatorial immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer prevention and therapies.
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50
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Bröckelmann PJ, Goergen H, Keller U, Meissner J, Ordemann R, Halbsguth TV, Sasse S, Sökler M, Kerkhoff A, Mathas S, Hüttmann A, Bormann M, Zimmermann A, Mettler J, Fuchs M, von Tresckow B, Baues C, Rosenwald A, Klapper W, Kobe C, Borchmann P, Engert A. Efficacy of Nivolumab and AVD in Early-Stage Unfavorable Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: The Randomized Phase 2 German Hodgkin Study Group NIVAHL Trial. JAMA Oncol 2021; 6:872-880. [PMID: 32352505 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.0750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Importance In early-stage unfavorable classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), conventional therapy induces high cure rates but also relevant acute and long-term toxic effects. Nivolumab is well tolerated and highly effective in relapsed/refractory cHL but has not been adequately studied in first-line treatment of early-stage cHL. The NIVAHL trial evaluated nivolumab in this setting with the aim to develop a highly effective yet tolerable systemic therapy to ultimately mitigate morbidity in patients who survive cHL. Objective To evaluate efficacy of 2 experimental nivolumab-based first-line treatment strategies in patients with early-stage unfavorable cHL. Design, Setting, and Participants This was an open-label, multicenter, phase 2 randomized clinical trial, open between April 2017 and October 2018. The trial took place at 35 trial centers across Germany, ranging from academic centers to private offices. Eligibility was defined by age 18 to 60 years, cHL confirmed by expert pathology review, early-stage unfavorable disease by German Hodgkin Study Group criteria (stage I to II with risk factor[s]), and absence of serious concomitant disease or organ dysfunction. Among 110 enrolled patients, 109 were eligible. Interventions Systemic therapy, per random assignment (1:1) to either concomitant treatment with 4 cycles of nivolumab and doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (N-AVD) or sequential treatment with 4 doses of nivolumab, 2 cycles of N-AVD, and 2 cycles of AVD at standard doses, followed by 30-Gy involved-site radiotherapy. Main Outcomes and Measures Complete remission (CR) rate after study treatment, aiming at excluding a CR rate of 80% or lower via a 2-sided 95% CI for each treatment group. Results Of 109 patients included in this study, 65 (59.6%) were women, and the median (range) age was 27 (18-60) years. At interim staging after 2 cycles of N-AVD or 4 doses of nivolumab monotherapy, 54 of 54 (100%) and 49 of 51 (96%) response-eligible patients, respectively, achieved an objective response, with CR in 47 (87%) and 26 (51%) patients, respectively. Among 101 patients eligible for primary end point analysis, 46 of 51 (90%; 95% CI, 79%-97%) patients receiving concomitant therapy and 47 of 50 (94%; 95% CI, 84%-99%) patients receiving sequential therapy achieved CR after study treatment. With a median follow-up of 13 months, 12-month progression-free survival was 100% for patients receiving concomitant treatment and 98% (95% CI, 95%-100%) for patients receiving sequential therapy. Conclusions and Relevance Both strategies combining nivolumab and AVD are feasible and resulted in high remission rates. Despite narrowly missing the efficacy benchmark in the concomitant group, the excellent 12-month progression-free survival and the unexpectedly high CR rate after 4 doses of nivolumab monotherapy warrant further evaluation of this approach in the first-line treatment of patients with early-stage cHL. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03004833.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Bröckelmann
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helen Goergen
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ulrich Keller
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TU München, Internal Medicine III, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Meissner
- Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Ordemann
- University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Teresa V Halbsguth
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine II, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stephanie Sasse
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Kerkhoff
- Medizinische Klinik A, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stephan Mathas
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hüttmann
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Zimmermann
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jasmin Mettler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Fuchs
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bastian von Tresckow
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Baues
- German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Radiooncology and Cyberknife Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Wolfram Klapper
- Department of Hematopathology, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carsten Kobe
- German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Borchmann
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Engert
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Hodgkin Study Group, Cologne, Germany
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