1
|
Iimori M, Sonomura K, Ueyama Y, Oobayashi Y, Adachi H, Nakayama M. Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome Secondary to Methotrexate-associated Hodgkin Lymphoma. Intern Med 2024; 63:1771-1776. [PMID: 37926543 PMCID: PMC11239266 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2572-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The patient was a 64-year-old man who had been receiving methotrexate (MTX) for rheumatoid arthritis for 8 years. Computed tomography (CT) obtained one month prior to admission revealed numerous enlarged lymph nodes. Lower leg edema appeared two weeks prior to admission. Severe proteinuria was confirmed, and the patient was admitted. A renal biopsy revealed minimal changes in glomeruli. CT on day 14 revealed shrinking lymph nodes, and the patient was diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma by a neck lymph node biopsy. This is the first report of secondary minimal change nephrotic syndrome caused by an MTX-associated lymphoproliferative disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misa Iimori
- Department of Nephrology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Yuichi Ueyama
- Department of Nephrology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuki Oobayashi
- Department of Nephrology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| | - Hiroya Adachi
- Department of Nephrology, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Japan
| | - Mayuka Nakayama
- Department of Nephrology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang X, Lin B, Shen T. Clinical features of renal damage associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection in children. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1123941. [PMID: 37033183 PMCID: PMC10076867 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1123941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To understand the renal damage and clinical features of pediatric patients with acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Methods In this retrospective observational study, 548 pediatric patients who were admitted to and treated at the Xiamen Women and Children Health Center between January 2017 and December 2021 and who met the criteria of acute EBV infection were selected as participants. The sociodemographic and clinical data of these patients were collected for statistical analysis. The study population was divided into a renal damage group (41 patients) and a non-renal damage group (507 patients), and the characteristics of the two groups were compared. Results (1) Of the 548 enrolled patients, 340 and 208 were boys and girls, respectively. Among them, 41 patients showed renal damage (renal damage group), including 26 boys and 15 girls, and the incidence rate of renal damage was 7.48%. (2) The major renal involvements in the 41 pediatric patients with acute EBV infection in the renal damage group manifested as hematuria (56.1%), proteinuria (37.71%), hematuria + proteinuria (12.9%), edema (51.22%), hypertension (17.07%), oliguria (4.88%), and acute renal failure (2.44%). (3) The pediatric patients in the renal damage group had statistically significantly longer fever durations, higher blood EBV-DNA loads, and lower blood CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratios than those in the non-renal damage group. Conclusion In pediatric patients, the incidence rate of acute EBV-induced renal damage is not low. The clinical manifestations are mostly hematuria or proteinuria, with an overall good prognosis, but occasionally severe renal damage such as acute renal failure. The possibility of secondary renal damage is high when pediatric patients with acute EBV have prolonged fever, high blood EBV-DNA loads, and decreased blood CD4+/CD8+ ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Yang
- Pediatrics Department, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Baohua Lin
- Pediatrics Department, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Tong Shen
- Pediatrics Department, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Correspondence: Tong Shen
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vial G, Barthod L, Schneider S, Mercié P, Duffau P, Vermorel A, Ribeiro E. Multisystem T-cell Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection: From the Eye to the Kidney. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac351. [PMID: 35991591 PMCID: PMC9387914 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) infection is usually a fatal disease associated with clonal proliferation of EBV-infected T or NK cells. We present the case of a 33-year-old Peruvian patient who developed a multisystem CAEBV, notably responsible for exceptional ophthalmological and renal damage. We describe the clinicopathological features of EBV-induced lymphoproliferative disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Vial
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Saint Andre Hospital, University Hospital Centre of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laure Barthod
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Saint Andre Hospital, University Hospital Centre of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Schneider
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Saint Andre Hospital, University Hospital Centre of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Mercié
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Saint Andre Hospital, University Hospital Centre of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Duffau
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Saint Andre Hospital, University Hospital Centre of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Agathe Vermorel
- Department of Nephrology, Pellegrin Hospital, University Hospital Centre of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuel Ribeiro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Saint Andre Hospital, University Hospital Centre of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Truszewska A, Wirkowska A, Gala K, Truszewski P, Krzemień-Ojak Ł, Mucha K, Pączek L, Foroncewicz B. EBV load is associated with cfDNA fragmentation and renal damage in SLE patients. Lupus 2021; 30:1214-1225. [PMID: 33866897 DOI: 10.1177/09612033211010339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For long Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this study was to verify the association between EBV, cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and kidney disease in SLE. METHODS Blood samples were obtained from 43 SLE patients and 50 healthy individuals. EBV load was measured via real-time PCR assay. Sizing and quantification of plasma cfDNA was performed on Bioanalyzer. We proposed that the uniformity of cfDNA fragmentation can be described using cfDNA fragmentation index. RESULTS SLE patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD +) had higher EBV load compared to CKD(-) patients (P = 0.042). Patients with high cfDNA level had higher EBV load (P = 0.041) and higher cfDNA fragmentation index (P < 0.001) compared to patients with low cfDNA level. Among patients with high cfDNA level, EBV load was higher in CKD(+) group compared to CKD(-) group (P = 0.035). EBV load was positively correlated with the fragmentation index in all SLE patients (P = 0.028, R2 = 0.13), and the correlation was even more pronounced in CKD (+) patients (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS We showed that EBV load was associated with non-uniform cfDNA fragmentation, higher cfDNA levels, and kidney disease in SLE patients. Although the causality of this relationship could not be determined with the current study, it brings rationale for further investigations on the role of EBV and cfDNA interplay in SLE pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Truszewska
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wirkowska
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Gala
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Truszewski
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Musculoskeletal System, Baby Jesus Clinical Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łucja Krzemień-Ojak
- Laboratory of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Centre of New Technologies, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Mucha
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Pączek
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Foroncewicz
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Acharya R, Zeng X, Upadhyay K. Concomitant nephrotic syndrome and tubulointerstitial nephritis in a child with Epstein-Barr virus mononucleosis. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/2/e240108. [PMID: 33541950 PMCID: PMC7868287 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-240108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and nephrotic syndrome (NS) are uncommon manifestations of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) mononucleosis. We report a 4-year-old boy with Infectious mononucleosis (IM) who presented with dialysis-requiring AKI and NS. Renal biopsy showed severe acute tubular necrosis, mild chronic interstitial nephritis and focal podocyte foot processes effacement. EBV early RNA was not detected in the renal tissue. However, immunophenotyping of peripheral lymphocytes showed increased cytotoxic T cell activity and increased memory B cells. Treatment with steroid led to rapid resolution of NS within 3 weeks. Renal function stabilised. EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgM remained elevated until 4 months before starting to decline when VCA IgG and nuclear antigen started appearing. B lymphocytes are the predominant target cells in EBV infection and additionally may also act as antigen presenting cells to T lymphocytes, thereby eliciting the strong immune response and leading to podocyte and tubulointerstitial injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ratna Acharya
- Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Xu Zeng
- NephroPathology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kiran Upadhyay
- Pediatrics, Nephrology, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sato Y, Furuyama K, Suzuki T, Tanaka T, Sato A, Iguchi A, Yoshita K, Ito Y, Imai N, Yamazaki H, Narita I. Acute kidney injury in an adult patient with IgA nephropathy and chronic replicative Epstein-Barr virus infection. CEN Case Rep 2019; 8:285-291. [PMID: 31218495 DOI: 10.1007/s13730-019-00409-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the adult population are infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), but as EBV replication is usually under immune system control, the majority of individuals remain asymptomatic. On the other hand, some individuals continuously retain a high EBV antibody titer and a high EBV DNA load in their blood, suggesting a defect of EBV replication control. To date, only a limited number of reports have addressed the relationship between this chronic form of EBV infection and renal involvement. Here, we describe an 80-year-old woman who developed acute kidney injury shortly after an episode of mosquito bites, accompanied by a severe skin rash, which raised a suspicion of chronic EBV infection. She was subsequently diagnosed as having chronic replicative EBV infection. Renal biopsy revealed a diagnosis of IgA nephropathy with crescent formation. Although the relationship between IgA nephropathy and EBV infection has been discussed, no substantial understanding has yet emerged. The patient's characteristic clinical course suggested that the renal failure may have been partly attributable to chronic EBV infection. This case suggests that physicians may need to consider the possibility that chronic EBV infection may affect the clinical course of IgA nephropathy, or exacerbate the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Sato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, 2-297-1 Sensyu, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2085, Japan.
| | - Kaito Furuyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, 2-297-1 Sensyu, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2085, Japan
| | - Takeshi Suzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, 2-297-1 Sensyu, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2085, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, 2-297-1 Sensyu, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2085, Japan
| | - Ami Sato
- Department of Dermatology, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, 2-297-1 Sensyu, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2085, Japan
| | - Akira Iguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, 2-297-1 Sensyu, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2085, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yoshita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yumi Ito
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Naofumi Imai
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hajime Yamazaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital, 2-297-1 Sensyu, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2085, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein 1 induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition by inducing V-set Ig domain containing 4 (VSIG4) expression via NF-kB in renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 492:316-322. [PMID: 28859984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a hallmark of chronic kidney disease, is a key event in the conversion from tubular epithelial cells to myofibroblasts in renal fibrosis. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a γ-herpes oncovirus associated with chronic kidney disease. However, the relationship between EBV and the EMT process in renal tubular epithelial cells is not well understood. Among EBV-latent genes, EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) induces EMT by regulating a variety of molecules in EBV-induced oncogenic transformation. In this study, we investigated EBV-encoded LMP1 and EMT process markers in human proximal tubule epithelial cell line HK-2. LMP1 overexpression induces cell morphological changes via the epithelial to mesenchymal process in HK-2 cells, and these changes accelerate cell proliferation, cell motility, and invasion. Furthermore, VSIG4 upregulation by EBV-LMP1 induced LMP1-mediated EMT, cell motility, and invasion. VSIG4 upregulation by LMP1 was regulated at the transcriptional level via the NF-kB signaling axis. These results suggest that EBV-encoded LMP1 regulates EMT through the NF-kB-VSIG4 axis in HK-2 cells, and VSIG4 is a potential target in EBV-induced chronic kidney diseases.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
The kidney is involved in a wide range of bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic diseases. In most systemic infections, renal involvement is a minor component of the illness, but in some, renal failure may be the presenting feature and the major problem in management. Although individual infectious processes may have a predilection to involve the renal vasculature, glomeruli, interstitium, or collecting systems, a purely anatomic approach to the classification of infectious diseases affecting the kidney is rarely helpful because most infections may involve several different aspects of renal function. In this chapter, a microbiological classification of the organisms affecting the kidney is adopted. Although they are important causes of renal dysfunction in infectious diseases, urinary tract infections and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) are not discussed in detail because they are considered separately in chapters XX and XX, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellis D. Avner
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s Hospital, Health System of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin USA
| | - William E. Harmon
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | - Patrick Niaudet
- Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | - Francesco Emma
- Division of Nephrology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital – IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stuart L. Goldstein
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mikhalkova D, Khanna S, Vaidya R, Sethi S, Hogan MC. Epstein-Barr virus-associated nephrotic syndrome. Clin Kidney J 2015; 5:50-2. [PMID: 26069749 PMCID: PMC4400449 DOI: 10.1093/ndtplus/sfr119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute infection with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) causes fever, fatigue and pharyngitis. Renal involvement in systemic EBV infections typically manifests as acute tubular necrosis or tubulointerstitial nephritis. Rarely, EBV infection causes nephrotic syndrome due to minimal change disease. A 22-year-old male with infectious mononucleosis (IM) presented with nephrotic syndrome. Renal biopsy showed minimal change disease with diffuse foot process effacement of the podocytes. Treatment with methylprednisone led to rapid and complete clinical remission. Minimal change nephropathy is a very rare manifestation of EBV infection and should be considered in patients with IM and proteinuria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deana Mikhalkova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sahil Khanna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rakhee Vaidya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sanjeev Sethi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marie C Hogan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA ; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Suzuki J, Komada T, Hirai K, Tsuruoka H, Mori H, Yoshida I, Tabei K. An adult case of fulminant Epstein-Barr virus infection with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Intern Med 2012; 51:629-34. [PMID: 22449673 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.51.6299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is common in adolescence, but fulminant infection is very rare. A 40-year-old man presented with high fever and sore throat. Symptoms, including cervical lymphadenopathy, jaundice, atypical lymphocytosis, respiratory distress and oliguria, suggested infectious mononucleosis with multiple organ failure that required mechanical ventilation and renal replacement therapy. Virus markers were consistent with primary EBV infection. Renal function was gradually improved by corticosteroid therapy. Renal biopsy revealed acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. In situ hybridizaion EBV-encoded RNA 1 did not show the presence of virus in the kidney, but acute kidney injury may be explained by cytotoxic/suppressor T lymphocyte infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Acute Renal Failure Associated With Acute Epstein-Barr Virus Infection. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2008. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0b013e3181373d14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
12
|
Sato Y, Tsuboi T, Mikami T, Kurosawa H, Kanou K, Sugita K, Kimura H, Nagasaka T, Imashyuku S, Eguchi M. Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection with dilatation of the Valsalva sinus. Pediatr Int 2006; 48:643-5. [PMID: 17168991 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2006.02283.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Izzedine H, Buhaescu I, Bodaghi B, Martinez V, Caumes E, Lehoang P, Deray G. Oculo-renal disorders in infectious diseases. Int Ophthalmol 2006; 25:299-319. [PMID: 16532294 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-005-4833-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2004] [Accepted: 11/01/2005] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this article is to review the potential ocular and renal disorders in infectious diseases to which humans are susceptible and to determine prevalence of these diseases. METHODS Published cases of oculo-renal disorders associated with various infectious diseases were collected from the international literature by searching the MEDLINE database (PUBMED 1970-2004) for original reports and review articles published in English. Citations from papers retrieved were screened and retrieved papers were evaluated. RESULTS Based on the screened data, we propose a practical, structure-oriented checklist of such lesions divided into bacterial, viral, parasital, and fugal infections. CONCLUSION The oculorenal manifestations of infectious diseases may be flagrant or subtle. Awareness of the signs and symptoms of infections allows early recognition and prompt, appropriate management. The clinical presentation and relative frequency of those manifestations are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassane Izzedine
- Department of Nephrology, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|