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Quiroz-Aldave JE, Durand-Vásquez MDC, Chávez-Vásquez FS, Rodríguez-Angulo AN, Gonzáles-Saldaña SE, Alcalde-Loyola CC, Coronado-Arroyo JC, Zavaleta-Gutiérrez FE, Concepción-Urteaga LA, Haro-Varas JC, Concepción-Zavaleta MJ. Ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity in oncological patients. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:5-14. [PMID: 38031874 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2290196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ifosfamide is an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of various neoplasms. Its main adverse effects include renal damage. AREAS COVERED A comprehensive review was conducted, including 100 articles from the Scielo, Scopus, and EMBASE databases. Ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity is attributed to its toxic metabolites, such as acrolein and chloroacetaldehyde, which cause mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress in renal tubular cells. Literature review found a 29-year average age with no gender predominance and a mortality of 13%. Currently, no fully effective strategy exists for preventing ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity; however, hydration, forced diuresis, and other interventions are employed to limit renal damage. Long-term renal function monitoring is essential for patients treated with ifosfamide. EXPERT OPINION Ifosfamide remains essential in neoplasm treatment, but nephrotoxicity, often compounded by coadministered drugs, poses diagnostic challenges. Preventive strategies are lacking, necessitating further research. Identifying timely risk factors can mitigate renal damage, and a multidisciplinary approach manages established nephrotoxicity. Emerging therapies may reduce ifosfamide induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave
- Division of Non-communicable diseases, Endocrinology research line, Hospital de Apoyo Chepén, Chepén, Perú
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Juan Carlos Haro-Varas
- Division of Medical Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Perú
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Sun JD, Liu Q, Ahluwalia D, Ferraro DJ, Wang Y, Jung D, Matteucci MD, Hart CP. Comparison of hypoxia-activated prodrug evofosfamide (TH-302) and ifosfamide in preclinical non-small cell lung cancer models. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 17:371-80. [PMID: 26818215 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1139268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evofosfamide (TH-302) is a hypoxia-activated prodrug of the cytotoxin bromo-isophosphoramide. In hypoxic conditions Br-IPM is released and alkylates DNA. Ifosfamide is a chloro-isophosphoramide prodrug activated by hepatic Cytochrome P450 enzymes. Both compounds are used for the treatment of cancer. Ifosfamide has been approved by the FDA while evofosfamide is currently in the late stage of clinical development. The purpose of this study is to compare efficacy and safety profile of evofosfamide and ifosfamide in preclinical non-small cell lung cancer H460 xenograft models. Immunocompetent CD-1 mice and H460 tumor-bearing immunocompromised nude mice were used to investigate the safety profile. The efficacy of evofosfamide or ifosfamide, alone, and in combination with docetaxel or sunitinib was compared in ectopic and intrapleural othortopic H460 xenograft models in animals exposed to ambient air or different oxygen concentration breathing conditions. At an equal body weight loss level, evofosfamide showed greater or comparable efficacy in both ectopic and orthotopic H460 xenograft models. Evofosfamide, but not ifosfamide, exhibited controlled oxygen concentration breathing condition-dependent antitumor activity. However, at an equal body weight loss level, ifosfamide yielded severe hematologic toxicity when compared to evofosfamide, both in monotherapy and in combination with docetaxel. At an equal hematoxicity level, evofosfamide showed superior antitumor activity. These results indicate that evofosfamide shows superior or comparable efficacy and a favorable safety profile when compared to ifosfamide in preclinical human lung carcinoma models. This finding is consistent with multiple clinical trials of evofosfamide as a single agent, or in combination therapy, which demonstrated both anti-tumor activity and safety profile without severe myelosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Sun
- a Threshold Pharmaceuticals , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Qian Liu
- a Threshold Pharmaceuticals , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | | | | | - Yan Wang
- a Threshold Pharmaceuticals , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Don Jung
- a Threshold Pharmaceuticals , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | | | - Charles P Hart
- a Threshold Pharmaceuticals , South San Francisco , CA , USA
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Zhou Y, Xu Y, Zhao J, Zhong W, Wang M. [Combined Chemotherapy with Vinorelbine and Ifosfamide as Third-line Treatment and Beyond of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2015; 18:351-7. [PMID: 26104891 PMCID: PMC5999901 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2015.06.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) should be treated with first-line and second-line chemotherapy or target therapy according to the lung cancer guidelines. However, no recommended treatments are available after failure to these treatments. In our study, the efficacy and safety of combined chemotherapy of vinorelbine and ifosfamide as third-line therapy or beyond for advanced NSCLC was evaluated. METHODS A total of 41 patients took a combination of vinorelbine and ifosfamide as third-line or above chemotherapy in Peking Union Hospital between May 2010 and May 2014. They were pathologically or cytologically confirmed as having locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Clinically measurable lesions existed, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ranged from 0 to 2. No serious complications were observed in the hematopoietic system, and liver and renal functions were normal. RESULTS The 41 patients enrolled in this study were given 150 cycles of chemotherapy, of which 23 cycles (15.3%) were delayed or dose-adjusted. Results of the objective response evaluation showed that 3 cases had objective partial response (7.3%) and 25 cases were stable (61.0%). The median progression-free survival time was 5.5 months, and the median overall survival time was 10.5 months. Hematological toxicity was the most frequent adverse event. Grade 3/4 neutropenia had 10.7% occurrence; grade 3/4 white blood cell decrease had 8.7%; and grade 3/4 anemia had 8.7%. All adverse events were manageable, and no drug-related death was found. CONCLUSIONS Vinorelbine and ifosfamide as third-line treatment and beyond of NSCLC were well tolerated. Most patients can benefit from this combined chemotherapy. A clinical trial with large samples is necessary to prove whether overall survival will .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,
Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Respiratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,
Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Respiratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,
Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Respiratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,
Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mengzhao Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,
Beijing 100730, China
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Zhou C, Manegold C. Chemotherapy of lung cancer: A global perspective of the role of ifosfamide. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2015; 1:61-71. [PMID: 25806156 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2011.12.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The oxazaphosphorine cytostatic ifosfamide (IFO) has been successfully integrated in the treatment of various hematological and solid tumors. The purpose of this review is to summarize the evidence for its use in lung cancer starting from basic data of preclinical studies followed by a global summary of the phase III and seminal phase II clinical studies. Global in double respect: first covering both the small cell as well as the non-small cell indications, and, second tracing those studies performed in Europe and the United States as well as those from Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caicun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Christian Manegold
- Department of Surgery, Interdisciplinary Thoracic Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Baka S, Manegold C, Buchholz E, Schott-von-Römer K, Lorigan P, Nagel S, Blackhall F, Aschroft L, Thatcher N. Dose-finding study of fixed dose gemcitabine and escalating doses of ifosfamide given on days 1 and 8 in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2006; 53:165-70. [PMID: 16787686 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2006.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2006] [Revised: 03/28/2006] [Accepted: 04/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This is a dose-finding study of fixed dose gemcitabine and escalating doses of ifosfamide, in chemo naïve patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The purpose of the study was to determine the optimal dosage and the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of a specified schedule of gemcitabine and ifosfamide. Patients received gemcitabine 1250 mg/m2 and ifosfamide between 1.6 and 2.2 g/m2, intravenously, on days 1 and 8, repeated every 3 weeks for a maximum of four cycles. RESULTS Sixteen patients entered the study. Three patients were entered at the first dose level of ifosfamide (1.6 g/m2) and none experienced any dose limiting (DLT) toxicity. In dose level 2 (1.8 g/m2), two patients had grade IV haematological toxicities, but they reached 21 days without any other dose limiting toxicity (DLT). Three further patients entered at this level but they were withdrawn due to disease progression. The sixth patient entered without any DLT. Three patients entered dose level 3 (2.0 g/m2), without any grade IV toxicity. The first patient entered into dose level 4 (2.2 g/m2), had progressive disease within 21 days and was withdrawn and another three were entered and had no DLT during the first 21 days. Four (33%) of the patients had stable disease and 67% had progressive disease. CONCLUSION The MTD of the ifosfamide gemcitabine combination was not reached in the present study, as no DLT was observed. This combination at the dose levels of this protocol has little or no activity in patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester M20 4BX, UK.
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Kosmas C, Tsavaris N, Koutras A, Makatsoris T, Mylonakis N, Tzelepis G, Dimitrakopoulos A, Spyropoulos K, Polyzos A, Karabelis A, Kalofonos HP. A Phase II Study of the Docetaxel- Ifosfamide-Carboplatin Combination in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Oncology 2005; 69:333-41. [PMID: 16282711 DOI: 10.1159/000089681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2005] [Accepted: 06/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the present phase II study we evaluated the docetaxel-ifosfamide-carboplatin (DICb) combination in the outpatient setting in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with advanced NSCLC (stages IIIB/IV), WHO performance status (PS) <2, and no prior chemotherapy were eligible. Chemotherapy drug doses were: docetaxel: 80 mg/m2, ifosfamide: 3.5 g/m2, and carboplatin at a target area under the curve of 5 (based on Calvert's formula), all on day 1, followed by prophylactic G-CSF. RESULTS Fourty patients were entered and all are evaluable for response and toxicity: median age: 64 (48-72); PS: 1 (0-1); gender: 29 males/11 females; stages: IIIB: 13 (33%), IV: 27 (67%). Metastatic sites at diagnosis included: lymph nodes: 25; bone: 7; liver: 4; brain: 5; lung nodules: 13; adrenals: 6. Responses were as follows: 22/40 [55%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 54-81%] evaluable patients responded: 4 complete responses, 18 partial responses, 11 had stable disease, and 7 had progressive disease. The median response duration was 7 months (range 2-14 months), median time to progression 9 months (range 2-18 months) and median overall survival 11 months (range 3-46+ months). 1-year survival was 47.5%. Grade 3/4 toxicities included: neutropenia 28/40, with 12 developing grade 4 and 12% febrile neutropenia, thrombocytopenia grade 3: 3/40 and grade 4: 1/40, no grade 3 neuropathy, grade 1 CNS toxicity in 3, no renal toxicity, 8 grade 2 diarrhea and 4 grade 3 vomiting. CONCLUSION In the present phase II study the DICb combination yielded important activity and good tolerability in advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Kosmas
- Department of Medicine, Second Division of Medical Oncology, Metaxa Memorial Hospital, Piraeus, and Athens University School of Medicine, Greece.
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