1
|
Song S, Guo Y, Yang Y, Fu D. Advances in pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108168. [PMID: 35283172 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, is the most common bone disorder worldwide characterized by low bone mineral density, leaving affected bones vulnerable to fracture. Bone homeostasis depends on the precise balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone matrix formation by mesenchymal lineage osteoblasts, and involves a series of complex and highly regulated steps. Bone homeostasis will be disrupted when the speed of bone resorption is faster than bone formation. Based on various regulatory mechanisms of bone homeostasis, a series of drugs targeting osteoporosis have emerged in clinical practice, including bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, calcitonin, molecular-targeted drugs and so on. However, many drugs have major adverse effects or are unsuitable for long-term use. Therefore, it is very urgent to find more effective therapeutic drugs based on the new pathogenesis of osteoporosis. In this review, we summarize novel mechanisms involved in the pathological process of osteoporosis, including the roles of gut microbiome, autophagy, iron balance and cellular senescence. Based on the above pathological mechanism, we found promising drugs for osteoporosis treatment, such as: probiotics, alpha-ketoglutarate, senolytics and hydrogen sulfide. This new finding may provide an important basis for elucidating the complex pathological mechanisms of osteoporosis and provide promising drugs for clinical osteoporosis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, PR China
| | - Yuehua Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu CT, Karasik D, Xu H, Zhou Y, Broe K, Cupples LA, Cpgm de Groot L, Ham A, Hannan MT, Hsu YH, Jacques P, McLean RR, Paul L, Selhub J, Trajanoska K, van der Velde N, van Schoor N, Kiel DP. Genetic variants modify the associations of concentrations of methylmalonic acid, vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, and folate with bone mineral density. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:578-587. [PMID: 33964857 PMCID: PMC8326042 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated plasma homocysteine has been found to be associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis, especially hip and vertebral fractures. The plasma concentration of homocysteine is dependent on the activities of several B vitamin-dependent enzymes, such as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), methionine synthase (MTR), methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS). OBJECTIVES We investigated whether genetic variants in some of the genes involved in 1 carbon metabolism modify the association of B vitamin-related measures with bone mineral density (BMD) and strength. METHODS We measured several B vitamins and biomarkers in participants of the Framingham Offspring Study, and performed analyses of methylmalonic acid (MMA) continuously and <210 nmol/L; pyridoxal-5'-phosphate; vitamin B-12 continuously and ≥258 pmol/L; and folate. The outcomes of interest included areal and volumetric BMD, measured by DXA and quantitative computed tomography (QCT), respectively. We evaluated associations between the bone measures and interactions of single nucleotide polymorphism with a B vitamin or biomarker in Framingham participants (n = 4310 for DXA and n = 3127 for QCT). For analysis of DXA, we validated the association results in the B-PROOF cohort (n = 1072). Bonferroni-corrected locus-wide significant thresholds were defined to account for multiple testing. RESULTS The interactions between rs2274976 and vitamin B-12 and rs34671784 and MMA <210 nmol/L were associated with lumbar spine BMD, and the interaction between rs6586281 and vitamin B-12 ≥258 pmol/L was associated with femoral neck BMD. For QCT-derived traits, 62 interactions between genetic variants and B vitamins and biomarkers were identified. CONCLUSIONS Some genetic variants in the 1-carbon methylation pathway modify the association of B vitamin and biomarker concentrations with bone density and strength. These interactions require further replication and functional validation for a mechanistic understanding of the role of the 1-carbon metabolism pathway on BMD and risks of fracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Karasik
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel,Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hanfei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kerry Broe
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Annelies Ham
- Erasmus MC Department of Internal Medicine Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marian T Hannan
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yi-Hsiang Hsu
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul Jacques
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, USA,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, USA
| | - Robert R McLean
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA,Corrona, LLC, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Ligi Paul
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, USA,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, USA
| | - Jacob Selhub
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, USA,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University, USA
| | - Katerina Trajanoska
- Erasmus MC Department of Internal Medicine Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie van der Velde
- Erasmus MC Department of Internal Medicine Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Section of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja van Schoor
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Section of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Address correspondence to C-TL (e-mail: ) or DPK (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Risse F, Frank RD, Weinberger AW. Thrombophilia in Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Retrospective Analysis. Ophthalmologica 2014; 232:46-52. [DOI: 10.1159/000360013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
4
|
Rozycka A, Jagodzinski PP, Kozubski W, Lianeri M, Dorszewska J. Homocysteine Level and Mechanisms of Injury in Parkinson's Disease as Related to MTHFR, MTR, and MTHFD1 Genes Polymorphisms and L-Dopa Treatment. Curr Genomics 2014; 14:534-42. [PMID: 24532985 PMCID: PMC3924248 DOI: 10.2174/1389202914666131210210559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An elevated concentration of total homocysteine (tHcy) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid is considered to be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Homocysteine (Hcy) levels are influenced by folate concentrations and numerous genetic factors through the folate cycle, however, their role in the pathogenesis of PD remains controversial. Hcy exerts a neurotoxic action and may participate in the mechanisms of neurodegeneration, such as excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, calcium accumulation, and apoptosis. Elevated Hcy levels can lead to prooxidative activity, most probably through direct interaction with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and sensitization of dopaminergic neurons to age-related dysfunction and death. Several studies have shown that higher concentration of Hcy in PD is related to long-term administration of levodopa (L-dopa). An elevation of plasma tHcy levels can also reflect deficiencies of cofactors in remethylation of Hcy to methionine (Met) (folates and vitamin B12) and in its transsulfuration to cysteine (Cys) (vitamin B6). It is believed that the increase in the concentration of Hcy in PD can affect genetic polymorphisms of the folate metabolic pathway genes, such as MTHFR (C677T, A1298C and G1793A), MTR (A2756G), and MTHFD1 (G1958A), whose frequencies tend to increase in PD patients, as well as the reduced concentration of B vitamins. In PD, increased levels of Hcy may lead to dementia, depression and progression of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Rozycka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - Pawel P Jagodzinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kozubski
- Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Margarita Lianeri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Swiecickiego St, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Franco Brochado MJ, Domenici FA, Candolo Martinelli ADL, Zucoloto S, de Carvalho da Cunha SF, Vannucchi H. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism and serum homocysteine levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2013; 63:193-9. [PMID: 24051448 DOI: 10.1159/000353139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hepatic fat accumulation in the absence of alcohol consumption. Hyperhomocysteinemia is considered an independent risk factor for liver diseases, and the genetic polymorphisms C677T and A1298C in the MTHFR gene have been linked to hyperhomocysteinemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate serum homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations and the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms as risk factors for the development of NAFLD. METHODS One hundred and thirty-four Brazilian patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD and 134 healthy controls were recruited. The MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were detected through polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism. Serum Hcy levels were determined by chemiluminescence. RESULTS Serum Hcy levels were higher in NAFLD patients as compared to control subjects, but there were no differences between patients with steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The NAFLD and control groups did not differ in genotypic and allelic frequencies of the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms, either. Elevated plasma Hcy levels were positively correlated with age in the NAFLD subjects. CONCLUSION The MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms are not genetic risk factors for the development of NAFLD. Higher Hcy levels exist in NAFLD subjects, but they are not associated with liver disease severity.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yin G, Yan L, Zhang Z, Chen K, Jin X. C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism as a risk factor involved in venous thromboembolism: a population-based case-control study. Mol Med Rep 2012; 6:1271-5. [PMID: 22992862 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the possible correlation between the C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a population-based case-control study. Homocysteine (Hcy) was quantified by Abbott IMx immunoassay; screening for C677T MTHFR substitution was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction analysis. The results from the two groups (440 patients and 440 controls) revealed that the frequency of T alleles and TT carriers was significantly higher in patients compared with that of the healthy controls. The plasma levels of Hcy in the VTE group (13.05±2.37 µmol/l) were significantly higher compared with those in the control group (11.94±2.03 µmol/l, P<0.001). The C677T MTHFR polymorphism is suggested to be associated with the risk for VTE. Plasma levels of Hcy were raised in individuals with the homozygous MTHFR 677TT genotype. In conclusion, the results of the current study suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia and the homozygous 677TT MTHFR genotype are risk factors for VTE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guancheng Yin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Clifford AJ, Chen K, McWade L, Rincon G, Kim SH, Holstege DM, Owens JE, Liu B, Müller HG, Medrano JF, Fadel JG, Moshfegh AJ, Baer DJ, Novotny JA. Gender and single nucleotide polymorphisms in MTHFR, BHMT, SPTLC1, CRBP2, CETP, and SCARB1 are significant predictors of plasma homocysteine normalized by RBC folate in healthy adults. J Nutr 2012; 142:1764-71. [PMID: 22833659 PMCID: PMC3417835 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.160333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Using linear regression models, we studied the main and 2-way interaction effects of the predictor variables gender, age, BMI, and 64 folate/vitamin B-12/homocysteine (Hcy)/lipid/cholesterol-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on log-transformed plasma Hcy normalized by RBC folate measurements (nHcy) in 373 healthy Caucasian adults (50% women). Variable selection was conducted by stepwise Akaike information criterion or least angle regression and both methods led to the same final model. Significant predictors (where P values were adjusted for false discovery rate) included type of blood sample [whole blood (WB) vs. plasma-depleted WB; P < 0.001] used for folate analysis, gender (P < 0.001), and SNP in genes SPTLC1 (rs11790991; P = 0.040), CRBP2 (rs2118981; P < 0.001), BHMT (rs3733890; P = 0.019), and CETP (rs5882; P = 0.017). Significant 2-way interaction effects included gender × MTHFR (rs1801131; P = 0.012), gender × CRBP2 (rs2118981; P = 0.011), and gender × SCARB1 (rs83882; P = 0.003). The relation of nHcy concentrations with the significant SNP (SPTLC1, BHMT, CETP, CRBP2, MTHFR, and SCARB1) is of interest, especially because we surveyed the main and interaction effects in healthy adults, but it is an important area for future study. As discussed, understanding Hcy and genetic regulation is important, because Hcy may be related to inflammation, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus. We conclude that gender and SNP significantly affect nHcy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Clifford
- Department of Nutrition,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Janel E. Owens
- Department of Nutrition,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David J. Baer
- Food Components and Health Laboratory, USDA, Beltsville, MD
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Impact of Coagulation-Balance Gene Predictors on Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy for Choroidal Neovascularization in Pathologic Myopia. Ophthalmology 2010; 117:517-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Revised: 08/18/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
9
|
Al-Absi IK, Al-Subaie AM, Ameen G, Mahdi N, Mohammad AM, Fawaz NA, Almawi WY. Association of the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase A1298C but not the C677T Single Nucleotide Polymorphism with Sickle Cell Disease in Bahrain. Hemoglobin 2009; 30:449-53. [PMID: 16987799 DOI: 10.1080/03630260600867958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutations, C677T and A1298C, together with changes in homocysteine (Hcy) levels was investigated in 106 sickle cell disease patients and 156 healthy controls from Bahrain. The mutation analysis was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR). While the frequencies of the mutant alleles C677T and A1298C were comparable between patients and controls, the frequency of the A1298C (C/C) (p = 0.03) but not C677T (T/T) (p = 0.67) genotype, and of the 677T/1298C haplotype were significantly higher in the patients (p = 0.05). Homocysteine levels were normal in all subjects. This suggests that the A1298C, but not C677T, mutation is associated with the genotype of sickle cell disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman K Al-Absi
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Identification of ZNF366 and PTPRD as novel determinants of plasma homocysteine in a family-based genome-wide association study. Blood 2009; 114:1417-22. [PMID: 19525478 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-04-215269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Total plasma homocysteine concentration (tHcy) is a biomarker for atherothrombotic disease, but causality remains uncertain. Polymorphisms in the genes involved in methionine metabolism explain only a small fraction of the heritability of tHcy levels. In a genome-wide association study, we examined the genetic determinants of tHcy using a 2-stage design. First, 283 437 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested for association with tHcy in 387 persons recruited from 21 large Spanish families. Of those, 17 SNPs showed equal or stronger association with tHcy level compared with the MTHFR 677C>T SNP (beta = 0.10, P = .0001). Second, a replication analysis of these 17 SNPs was performed in patients with premature myocardial infarction (n = 1238). Novel associations were found for SNPs near the ZNF366 gene (lead SNP rs7445013; discovery stage: adjusted beta = -0.12, P = 5.30 x 10(-6), replication stage: adjusted beta = -0.13, P = .004) and the PTPRD gene (lead SNP rs973117; discovery stage: adjusted beta = 0.11, P = 5.5 x 10(-6), replication stage: adjusted beta = 0.10, P = .005). These associations were independent of known confounders, including creatinine clearance and plasma fibrinogen concentration. Our findings implicate novel pathways in homocysteine metabolism, and highlight the need for investigation of the associated genes in the etiology of vascular diseases.
Collapse
|
11
|
Parmeggiani F, Gemmati D, Costagliola C, Sebastiani A, Incorvaia C. Predictive role of C677T MTHFR polymorphism in variable efficacy of photodynamic therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Pharmacogenomics 2009; 10:81-95. [PMID: 19102718 DOI: 10.2217/14622416.10.1.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) complicated by subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the leading cause of severe central blindness in developed countries. AMD-related CNVs are distinguishable in classic and occult subtypes, characterized by variable natural history and different responsiveness to therapeutic procedures. Combined and repeated use of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (PDT-V) and antiangiogenic drugs represents the most promising strategy against neovascular AMD, but it is unavoidably associated with mounting health-resource utilization. Predictive correlations between peculiar coagulation-balance gene variants and different levels of post-PDT-V benefit have recently been documented in Caucasians with AMD-related CNVs. In particular, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T substitution, a common thrombophilic folate pathway genotypic polymorphism, influences a better CNV responsiveness to PDT-V in classic- but not in occult-CNV cases. These pharmacogenetic findings indicate the opportunities to optimize the eligibility criteria of PDT-V and/or to perform this intriguing therapy in a customized manner, for finally minimizing the socio-economic burden of neovascular AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Parmeggiani
- Sezione di Clinica Oculistica, Dipartimento di Discipline Medico-Chirurgiche della Comunicazione e del Comportamento, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Corso Giovecca 203, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ghazouani L, Abboud N, Mtiraoui N, Zammiti W, Addad F, Amin H, Almawi WY, Mahjoub T. Homocysteine and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphisms in Tunisian patients with severe coronary artery disease. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2008; 27:191-7. [PMID: 18204887 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-008-0194-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2007] [Accepted: 01/04/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Elevation in homocysteine and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene variants, C677T and A1298C, have been linked with atherothrombosis. However their exact contribution to coronary artery disease (CAD) remains controversial. Moreover, data from Tunisian patients are scarse. We examined the association of MTHFR C677T and A1298C, and changes in plasma homocysteine in 352 Tunisian patients with angiographically-demonstrated CAD, and 390 age and gender-matched healthy subjects. Significantly higher frequency of 677T allele and homozygous 677T/T genotype were seen in patients vs. control subjects; the distribution of A1298C alleles and genotypes being comparable in the two groups. Specific MTHFR haplotypes comprising 677C/1298A (P < 0.001) and 677T/1298A (P < 0.001) were negatively and positively associated with CAD, respectively. Plasma homocysteine concentration was significantly higher in 677T/T genotype with respect to 677C/C and 677C/T genotypes in patients and controls, but homocysteine levels were generally comparable between both groups. Univariate analysis identified 677T/1298A (P = 0.033) haplotype to be positively associated with CAD, which remained significant by multivariate analysis after adjusting for a number of covariates (P = 0.038). MTHFR C677T, but not A1298C SNPs, is associated with CAD and with elevated homocysteine levels in a Tunisian population. The negative and positive association of the 1298A allele with CAD being indicative of a neutral (absent) effect of the A1298C SNP on disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakhdar Ghazouani
- Research Unit of Haematological and Autoimmune Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Parmeggiani F, Costagliola C, Incorvaia C, Campa C, Gemmati D, Tognazzo S, Sebastiani A. Vision Loss after PDT. Ophthalmology 2006; 113:157. [PMID: 16389108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2005.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2005] [Accepted: 10/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|