5
|
Wei S, Duarte MS, Zan L, Du M, Jiang Z, Guan L, Chen J, Hausman GJ, Dodson MV. Cellular and molecular implications of mature adipocyte dedifferentiation. J Genomics 2013; 1:5-12. [PMID: 25031650 PMCID: PMC4091435 DOI: 10.7150/jgen.3769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a voluminous amount of scientific literature dealing with the involvement of adipocytes in molecular regulation of carcass composition, obesity, metabolic syndrome, or diabetes. To form adipocytes (process termed adipogenesis) nearly all scientific papers refer to the use of preadipocytes, adipofibroblasts, stromal vascular cells or adipogenic cell lines, and their differentiation to form lipid-assimilating cells containing storage triacylglyceride. However, mature adipocytes, themselves, possess ability to undergo dedifferentiation, form proliferative-competent progeny cells (the exact plasticity is unknown) and reinitiate formation of cells capable of lipid metabolism and storage. The progeny cells would make a viable (and alternative) cell system for the evaluation of cell ability to reestablish lipid assimilation, ability to differentially express genes (as compared to other adipogenic cells), and to form other types of cells (multi-lineage potential). Understanding the dedifferentiation process itself and/or dedifferentiated fat cells could contribute to our knowledge of normal growth processes, or to disease function. Indeed, the ability of progeny cells to form other cell types could turn-out to be important for processes of tissue reconstruction/engineering and may have implications in clinical, biochemical or molecular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjuan Wei
- 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China. ; 2. Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Marcio S Duarte
- 2. Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA. ; 3. Department of Animal Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 3670-000, Brazil
| | - Linsen Zan
- 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Min Du
- 2. Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Zhihua Jiang
- 2. Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - LeLuo Guan
- 4. Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Jie Chen
- 5. College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Gary J Hausman
- 6. United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Services, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Michael V Dodson
- 2. Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Oort PJ, Knotts TA, Grino M, Naour N, Bastard JP, Clément K, Ninkina N, Buchman VL, Permana PA, Luo X, Pan G, Dunn TN, Adams SH. Gamma-synuclein is an adipocyte-neuron gene coordinately expressed with leptin and increased in human obesity. J Nutr 2008; 138:841-8. [PMID: 18424589 PMCID: PMC3160639 DOI: 10.1093/jn/138.5.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2007] [Revised: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 02/09/2008] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, we characterized tumor suppressor candidate 5 (Tusc5) as an adipocyte-neuron PPARgamma target gene. Our objective herein was to identify additional genes that display distinctly high expression in fat and neurons, because such a pattern could signal previously uncharacterized functional pathways shared in these disparate tissues. gamma-Synuclein, a marker of peripheral and select central nervous system neurons, was strongly expressed in white adipose tissue (WAT) and peripheral nervous system ganglia using bioinformatics and quantitative PCR approaches. Gamma-synuclein expression was determined during adipogenesis and in subcutaneous (SC) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from obese and nonobese humans. Gamma-synuclein mRNA increased from trace levels in preadipocytes to high levels in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes and decreased approximately 50% following treatment with the PPARgamma agonist GW1929 (P < 0.01). Because gamma-synuclein limits growth arrest and is implicated in cancer progression in nonadipocytes, we suspected that expression would be increased in situations where WAT plasticity/adipocyte turnover are engaged. Consistent with this postulate, human WAT gamma-synuclein mRNA levels consistently increased in obesity and were higher in SC than in VAT; i.e. they increased approximately 1.7-fold in obese Pima Indian adipocytes (P = 0.003) and approximately 2-fold in SC and VAT of other obese cohorts relative to nonobese subjects. Expression correlated with leptin transcript levels in human SC and VAT (r = 0.887; P < 0.0001; n = 44). Gamma-synuclein protein was observed in rodent and human WAT but not in negative control liver. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that gamma-synuclein plays an important role in adipocyte physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pieter J. Oort
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Trina A. Knotts
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Michel Grino
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Nadia Naour
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Jean-Phillipe Bastard
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Karine Clément
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Natalia Ninkina
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Vladimir L. Buchman
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Paska A. Permana
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Xunyi Luo
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Guohua Pan
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Tamara N. Dunn
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Sean H. Adams
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA 95616; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U626, Marseille and Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 13385 Marseille Cedex, France; Assistance Publique/Hopitaux de Paris, Pitié-Saltéprière and Tenon Hospitals, 75013 Paris, France University Pierre and Marie Curie, 75006 Paris, France; Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U872, Cordelier Research Center, 75006 Paris, France; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US UK; Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85012; Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Toronto M5G 1L7 Canada; and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| |
Collapse
|