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Chalkidis J, Barke S, Rohland B, Schmidt A, Kanzow P, Wiegand A. In vitro study on the preventive effect of children's toothpastes on erosive tooth wear of primary bovine enamel and dentin. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10884. [PMID: 37407760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study aimed to analyse the effect of various children's toothpastes on erosive tooth wear of primary bovine enamel and dentin. Enamel and dentin specimens (n = 12) were cyclically eroded (6 × 60 s/d, citric acid, pH 2.4) and brushed (2 × 15 s/d, 2 N) over 5 days. Nine fluoride toothpastes (500 to 1450 ppm) and eight toothpastes containing no fluoride or other active ingredients (hydroxyapatite and/or xylitol) were tested. Unbrushed specimens served as control. Tissue loss was quantified using widefield confocal microscopy and statistically analysed using two-way and one-way ANOVAs followed by Scheffe's (enamel) or Tamhane's (dentin) post-hoc tests (p < 0.05). Only one fluoride toothpaste (1400 ppm) was able to reduce erosive wear of enamel significantly by 15% compared to the control (padj. = 0.002). All fluoridated toothpastes reduced dentin surface loss significantly by 32 to 69% compared to the control (padj. ≤ 0.001), while fluoride-free toothpastes were unable to reduce dentin loss significantly (padj. ≥ 0.971). Most fluoridated toothpastes caused less erosive wear compared to fluoride-free toothpastes. Children toothpastes containing fluoride were more effective in reducing erosive wear compared to toothpastes containing no fluoride or other active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Chalkidis
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Barke
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bianca Rohland
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schmidt
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Kanzow
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Annette Wiegand
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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Lan Z, Zhao IS, Li J, Li X, Yuan L, Sha O. Erosive effects of commercially available alcoholic beverages on enamel. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:236-240. [PMID: 36624075 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of four alcoholic beverages on enamel erosion. Fifty enamel specimens were randomly allocated into the following five groups (n=10): group 1, water as negative control; group 2, red wine; group 3, white wine; group 4, distilled spirit; and group 5, beer. The specimens were immersed in the respective solution for a 16 h demineralization, followed by an 8 h remineralization in artificial saliva. Cyclic de- and re-mineralization were performed for 8 days. Surface roughness, microhardness and morphology of the enamel specimens were studied after the cycling. The results were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and Dunnett's post-hoc test (p<0.05). All investigated beverages showed an erosive effect on enamel. White wine had the highest erosive potential whereas distilled spirit had the least.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixun Lan
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center
| | | | - Jia Li
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology)
| | - Ou Sha
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center
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Fischer VL, Winkler DE, Głogowski R, Attin T, Hatt JM, Clauss M, Wegehaupt F. Species-specific enamel differences in hardness and abrasion resistance between the permanent incisors of cattle (Bos primigenius taurus) and the ever-growing incisors of nutria (Myocastor coypus). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265237. [PMID: 35298510 PMCID: PMC8929658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypselodont (ever-growing) teeth of lagomorphs or rodents have higher wear rates (of a magnitude of mm/week), with compensating growth rates, compared to the non-ever-growing teeth of ungulates (with a magnitude of mm/year). Whether this is due to a fundamental difference in enamel hardness has not been investigated so far. We prepared enamel samples (n = 120 per species) from incisors of cattle (Bos primigenius taurus) and nutria (Myocastor coypus, hypselodont incisors) taken at slaughterhouses, and submitted them to indentation hardness testing. Subsequently, samples were split into 4 groups per species (n = 24 per species and group) that were assessed for abrasion susceptibility by a standardized brush test with a control (no added abrasives) and three treatment groups (using fine silt at 4 ±1 μm particle size, volcanic ash at 96 ±9 μm, or fine sand at 166 ±15 μm as abrasives), in which enamel abrasion was quantified as height loss by before-and-after profilometry. The difference in enamel hardness between the species was highly significant, with nutria enamel achieving 78% of the hardness of cattle enamel. In the control and the fine sand group, no enamel height loss was evident, which was attributed to the in vitro system in the latter group, where the sand particles were brushed out of the test slurry by the brushes’ bristles. For fine silt and volcanic ash, nutria enamel significantly lost 3.65 and 3.52 times more height than cattle. These results suggest a relationship between enamel hardness and susceptibility to abrasion. However, neither the pattern within the species nor across the species indicated a monotonous relationship between hardness and height loss; rather, the difference was due to qualitative step related to species. Hence, additional factors not measured in this study must be responsible for the differences in the enamel’s susceptibility to abrasion. While the in vitro brush system cannot be used to rank abrasive test substances in terms of their abrasiveness, it can differentiate abrasion susceptibility in dental tissue of different animal species. The results caution against considering enamel wear as a similar process across mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin L. Fischer
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela E. Winkler
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute of Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Głogowski
- Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Division of Preventive Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, Centre of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Michel Hatt
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Clauss
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Florian Wegehaupt
- Division of Preventive Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, Centre of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Körner P, Georgis L, Wiedemeier DB, Attin T, Wegehaupt FJ. Potential of different fluoride gels to prevent erosive tooth wear caused by gastroesophageal reflux. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:183. [PMID: 33836740 PMCID: PMC8035727 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This in-vitro-study aimed to evaluate the potential of different fluoride gels to prevent gastroesophageal reflux induced erosive tooth wear. Methods Surface baseline profiles of a total of 50 bovine enamel specimens [randomly assigned to five groups (G1–5)] were recorded. All specimens were positioned in a custom made artificial oral cavity and perfused with artificial saliva (0.5 ml/min). Reflux was simulated 11 times a day during 12 h by adding HCl (pH 3.0) for 30 s (flow rate 2 ml/min). During the remaining 12 h (overnight), specimens were stored in artificial saliva and brushed twice a day (morning and evening) with a toothbrush and toothpaste slurry (15 brushing strokes). While specimens in the control group (G1) did not receive any further treatment, specimens in G2–5 were coated with different fluoride gels [Elmex Gelée (G2); Paro Amin Fluor Gelée (G3); Paro Fluor Gelée Natriumfluorid (G4); Sensodyne ProSchmelz Fluorid Gelée (G5)] in the evening for 30 s. After 20 days, surface profiles were recorded again and enamel loss was determined by comparing them with the baseline profiles. The results were statistically analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey`s HSD post-hoc test. Results The overall highest mean wear of enamel (9.88 ± 1.73 µm) was observed in the control group (G1), where no fluoride gel was applied. It was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to all other groups. G2 (5.03 ± 1.43 µm), G3 (5.47 ± 0.63 µm, p = 0.918) and G4 (5.14 ± 0.82 µm, p > 0.999) showed the overall best protection from hydrochloric acid induced erosion. Enamel wear in G5 (6.64 ± 0.86 µm) was significantly higher compared to G2 (p = 0.028) and G4 (p = 0.047). Conclusions After 20 days of daily application, all investigated fluoride gels are able to significantly reduce gastroesophageal reflux induced loss of enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Körner
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Luca Georgis
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel B Wiedemeier
- Statistical Services, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian J Wegehaupt
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
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Characterisation of mechanical and surface properties of novel biomimetic interpenetrating alumina-polycarbonate composite materials. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1595-1607. [PMID: 33187770 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the mechanical and surface characteristics of two novel biomimetic interpenetrating phase alumina-polycarbonate (Al2O3-PC) composite materials, comprising aligned honeycomb-like porous ceramic preforms infiltrated with polycarbonate polymer. METHOD Two composite materials were produced and characterised. Each comprised a porous structure with a ceramic-rich (polymer-poor) top layer, graduated through to a more porous ceramic-poor (polymer-rich) bottom layer. In addition, pure polycarbonate and dense alumina specimens were subjected to the same characterisation namely: density, compression, three-point bend, hardness, surface loss and surface roughness testing. Scanning electron microscopy and micro computerised tomography were employed for structural examination. RESULTS Three-dimensional aligned honeycomb-like ceramic structures were produced and full interpenetration of the polymer phase was observed using MicroCT. Depending on the ceramic volume in the initial aqueous ceramic suspension, the density of the final interpenetrating composites ranged from 2.64 to 3.01g/cm3, compressive strength ranged from 192.43 to 274.91MPa, flexural strength from 105.54 to 148.47MPa, fracture toughness from 2.17 to 3.11MPa.m½, hardness from 0.82 to 1.52GPa, surface loss from 0.71 to 1.40μm and surface roughness, following tooth brushing, from 0.70 to 0.99μm. Composite specimens showed characteristic properties part way between enamel and polycarbonate. SIGNIFICANCE There was a correlation between the initial solid ceramic loading in the aqueous suspension, used to produce the porous ceramic scaffolds, and the subsequent characteristic properties of the composite materials. These novel composites show potential as aesthetic orthodontic bracket materials, as their properties fit part way between those of ceramic, enamel and polycarbonate.
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Hong DW, Lin XJ, Wiegand A, Yu H. Does delayed toothbrushing after the consumption of erosive foodstuffs or beverages decrease erosive tooth wear? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:4169-4183. [PMID: 33052542 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Controversy exists regarding the effectiveness of delayed toothbrushing in decreasing erosive tooth wear (ETW). The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of delayed toothbrushing on ETW. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA statement and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020200463). PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched with no publication year limits. Screening and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. In situ and in vitro studies comparing ETW after delayed and immediate toothbrushing following an erosive attack were included. Review Manager software 5.3 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK) was used for statistical analyses. Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochran Q test and I2 statistics. RESULTS Of the 565 potentially relevant studies, 26 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Twelve articles were included in the systematic review, and 11 were included in the qualitative analyses. No significant difference in the ETW of human enamel was observed between delayed and immediate toothbrushing (P = 0.13), whereas significantly less ETW of bovine enamel was observed after delayed toothbrushing (P < 0.001). No significant difference in the ETW of bovine dentin was observed between delayed and immediate toothbrushing (P = 0.34). Studies on human dentin were not available. Subgroup analyses revealed a significant contribution of the use of fluoridated toothpaste to decreasing the ETW of human enamel after erosion and toothbrush abrasion (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Bovine and human teeth behaved differently in response to erosion and toothbrush abrasion. Delayed toothbrushing after an erosive attack was not effective at decreasing the ETW of human enamel compared to immediate toothbrushing, whereas it was effective at decreasing the ETW of bovine enamel. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Delayed toothbrushing alone after the consumption of erosive foodstuffs or beverages is not capable of preventing erosive enamel wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Wei Hong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Jiao Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Annette Wiegand
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hao Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. .,Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. .,Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan. .,Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yangqiao Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350000, China.
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Cavalcanti AL, Arruda TDD, Fernandes LHF, Leal JIBDF, Aguiar YPC, Cavalcanti SDLB, Cavalcanti AFC. Use of Medicines by Infants with Microcephaly Caused by Congenital Zika Virus Infection and Implications to Oral Health. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2020.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Stenhagen KR, Holme B, Tveit AB, Lussi A, Carvalho TS. Analytical strategies for clinical studies on dental erosive wear. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:167. [PMID: 31349831 PMCID: PMC6660658 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0834-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for analytical techniques for measuring Erosive Tooth Wear (ETW) on natural surfaces in clinical studies. The purpose was to investigate the use of two instruments aimed to assess initial to more advanced stages of ETW. METHODS Human premolar enamel samples (2x3mm) (n = 24), were polished flat and mounted in resin cylinders (4 cylinders, 6 samples in each). Part 1: Baseline analyses by White Light Interferometer (WLI), Surface Reflection Intensity (SRI: TableTop and OptiPen) and Surface Hardness (SH). Erosion (1% citric acid (pH 3.6) for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 min. SRI and SH analyses after every erosion episode and by WLI after 10 min. New indentations were made and enamel loss; was measured by change in indentation depths from toothbrush abrasion (200 g, 60 strokes, 30 s). Another series of 2 × 5 min erosion (totally15 min and 20 min) was analysed with SH and SRI after each erosion, and by WLI (on samples and impressions of samples) after 20 min. Part 2 investigated WLI performance in the interface where initial erosion increases in severity and substance loss occurs. The samples were repolished. Baseline analyses by WLI, SRI (TableTop and OptiPen) and SH. Four cylinders were etched for 1, 2, 4, 8 min respectively and analysed by SRI, SH on samples, and WLI on samples and impressions). RESULTS Part1: SRI decreased from baseline to ~ 6 min etch and increased slightly after abrasion, the two devices correlated well (ICC 0.98 p < 0.001, Spearmans rs 0.91 p < 0.001). SH decreased nearly linearly to 10 min etch, but increased distinctly after abrasion. Mean enamel loss from abrasion alone was 0.2 μm (change in indentation depths). After 10 min etch, it was 0.27 μm (WLI) and after 20 min etch, it was 2.2 μm measured on samples vs 2.4 μm on impressions of samples (7% higher). Part 2: From baseline to 8 min etch; SRI and SH decreased whereas WLI presented increasing etch depths. CONCLUSIONS With some adjustments, the use of SRI and WLI in combination seems to be a promising strategy for monitoring ETW in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Stenhagen
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, NO-0316, Postbox 1072, OSLO, Norway. .,The Public Dental Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, TkNN, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - B Holme
- SINTEF Industry, Forskningsveien 1, 0373, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - A Lussi
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T S Carvalho
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
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Yuan P, Liu S, Lv Y, Liu W, Ma W, Xu P. Effect of a dentifrice containing different particle sizes of hydroxyapatite on dentin tubule occlusion and aqueous Cr (VI) sorption. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5243-5256. [PMID: 31409987 PMCID: PMC6643156 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s205804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dentin hypersensitivity is a common negative oral condition that can be treated with dentifrice containing hydroxyapatite (HA). The study evaluated the effect of nano-HA dentifrice on plugging the dentinal tubules for an anti-sensitivity reaction compared to a dentifrice containing common-sized particles. Also, the adsorption capacity of different particle sizes of HA mixed in a dentifrice and which is the optimal particle size was considered. Methods Fourty premolar dentine discs and fourty molar dentine discs were randomly divided into 4 groups: distilled water group, ordinary dentifrice group and 80, 300 nm HA dentifrice group. Each dentin disc was brushed with a dentifrice twice daily at 7600 rpm under 100 g force for 2 mins for 7 consecutive days and divided into two parts, half of the dentin disc was detected by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), the other half was brushed with distilled water and observed by SEM. One milliliter dentifrice solution (80 nm HA dentifrice, 300 nm HA dentifrice, ordinary dentifrice) was added to 50 ml potassium dichromate solution for 1, 14, and 28 d. The residual Chromium (Cr6+) concentration in the supernatant was measured by the diphenylcarbon phthalocyanine hydrazine method. The elemental constitution in the precipitate was detected by EDS. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze surface mineralization and different plugging rates of dentinal tubules. The absorption capacity of dentifrices were also evaluated by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results The plugging rate in the HA dentifrice group was higher than that in the ordinary dentifrice group, and the 80 nm HA dentifrice group showed the best result. The atomic percentages of Ca and P of 80 nm dentifrice group on the surface of dentinal tubules were the highest. The 80 nm HA dentifrice group showed the best adsorption and stable effect of Cr6+, followed by the 300 nm HA dentifrice group. The 300 nm HA dentifrice and the ordinary dentifrice showed desorption phenomenon. Conclusions The dentifrice containing HA, especially the 80 nm HA dentifrice, exerts good dentinal tubule occlusion and surface mineralization effect. This dentifrice was also a good adsorbent of Cr6+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyan Yuan
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuying Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingtao Lv
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weilong Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqun Ma
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingping Xu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Ionta FQ, Alencar CRBD, Santos NMD, Bergantin BTP, Val PP, Honório HM, Oliveira TMD, Rios D. Effect of palm oil alone or associated to stannous solution on enamel erosive-abrasive wear: A randomized in situ/ex vivo study. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 95:68-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Enamel wear by antagonistic restorative materials under erosive conditions. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 21:2689-2693. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2071-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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A randomised clinical trial to determine the abrasive effect of the tongue on human enamel loss with and without a prior erosive challenge. J Dent 2017; 58:48-53. [PMID: 28161365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the abrasive effect of the tongue on human enamel loss with and without a prior dietary acid challenge in an in situ model. METHODS A single centre, single blind, randomly allocated, split mouth, four treatment regimen, in situ study in healthy adult volunteers was undertaken. Twenty four subjects wore two lower intra-oral appliances each fitted with 4 human enamel samples 6h/day for 15 days. The samples were treated with either 50ml orange juice or water for 5min ex vivo 4x/day; prior to being licked or not licked with the subject's tongue for 60s. There were 2 samples per group per subject. Surface loss was measured by contact profilometry. RESULTS 23 subjects completed the study with no adverse events. The mean loss of enamel at 15days was: 0.08μm for water without licking, 0.10μm with water and licking; 1.55μm with orange juice alone, 3.65μm with orange juice and licking. In the absence of erosive challenge, licking had no detectable effect on enamel loss p=0.28. Without licking, orange juice had a highly significant effect on loss compared to water, p<0.001. Erosive challenge followed by licking more than doubled the loss of enamel p<0.001. CONCLUSIONS When enamel was exposed to orange juice prior to licking, tissue loss as a result of tongue abrasion of the eroded surface was increased, and double that of the erosive challenge alone. Licking enamel with the tongue had no perceptible effect on enamel loss in the absence of the erosive challenge. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Enamel wear resulting from tongue abrasion on tooth surfaces softened by acid challenge, can be an unavoidable consequence of oral function. This may account for the pattern of erosive toothwear on palatal and occlusal tooth surfaces, reinforcing the importance of restricting the frequency of dietary acid challenge in susceptible individuals.
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Knösel M, Bojes M, Jung K, Ziebolz D, Renger S. [Increased susceptibility for white spot lesions by surplus orthodontic etching exceeding bracket base area]. Orthod Fr 2015; 86:233-44. [PMID: 26370594 DOI: 10.1051/orthodfr/2015023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a paucity of information with regard to the susceptibility of iatrogenic white spot lesion formation after inattentive, surplus orthodontic etching with 30% phosphoric acid and the subsequent provision or absence of adequate oral hygiene. METHODS Ninety sound enamel specimens were randomly allocated to 6 trial groups (N = 15 each) for etching with 30% phosphoric acid for either 15 seconds and standardized daily enamel brushing or no brushing, etching for 30 seconds with daily brushing or no brushing, or nonetched controls with brushing or no brushing. Nutritive acidic assaults were simulated by demineralization cycles 3 times per day for 1 hour with interim storage in artificial saliva. Lesion depths in terms of percentage of fluorescence loss (delta F, delta Q) and lesion extension compared with the baseline were assessed by using quantitative light-induced fluorescence after 2, 7, 14, 21, and 42 days. Etching duration, trial time elapse, and oral hygiene, as well as the significance of factor interactions, were analyzed with 3-way analysis of variance (α=5%). RESULTS The impact of the factors of enamel brushing, trial time elapse, and etching each had a comparably significant effect on lesion progression. The effect of surplus etching on white spot lesion formation was significantly enhanced by the simultaneous absence of enamel brushing and also the progression of trial time. The combination of 30 seconds of surplus etching with inadequate oral hygiene was especially detrimental. CONCLUSIONS Excessive surplus orthodontic etching of the complete labial enamel surface, instead of the bracket bases only, must be avoided to prevent iatrogenic white spot lesions. Etching times not exceeding 15 seconds are favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Knösel
- Private Orthodontic Practice, Kirchröder Street 77, 30625 Hannover, Allemagne
| | - Mariana Bojes
- Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Allemagne
| | - Klaus Jung
- Department of Medical Statistics, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Allemagne
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Dentistry Center, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Allemagne
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Watanabe K, Tanaka T, Maki K, Nakashima H, Watanabe S. Amount of Calcium Elution and Eroded Lesion Depth in Bovine Enamel Derived from Single Short Time Immersion in Carbonated Soft Drink <i>in Vitro</i>. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/ojst.2015.53012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Magalhaes AC, Wiegand A, Buzalaf MAR. Use of dentifrices to prevent erosive tooth wear: harmful or helpful? Braz Oral Res 2014; 28 Spec No:1-6. [PMID: 24554098 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242013005000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental erosion is the loss of dental hard tissues caused by non-bacterial acids. Due to acid contact, the tooth surface becomes softened and more prone to abrasion from toothbrushing. Dentifrices containing different active agents may be helpful in allowing rehardening or in increasing surface resistance to further acidic or mechanical impacts. However, dentifrices are applied together with brushing and, depending on how and when toothbrushing is performed, as well as the type of dentifrice and toothbrush used, may increase wear. This review focuses on the potential harmful and helpful effects associated with the use of dentifrices with regard to erosive wear. While active ingredients like fluorides or agents with special anti-erosive properties were shown to offer some degree of protection against erosion and combined erosion/abrasion, the abrasive effects of dentifrices may increase the surface loss of eroded teeth. However, most evidence to date comes from in vitro and in situ studies, so clinical trials are necessary for a better understanding of the complex interaction of active ingredients and abrasives and their effects on erosive tooth wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Magalhaes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Annette Wiegand
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
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Wegehaupt FJ, Tauböck TT, Attin T. Durability of the anti-erosive effect of surfaces sealants under erosive abrasive conditions. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71:1188-94. [PMID: 23294118 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2012.757361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the durability of sealants applied for prevention of erosive dentine mineral loss under erosive/abrasive conditions. METHODS Forty-eight bovine dentine samples doped with (32)P were randomly allocated to four groups (1-4). All samples performed a de- and remineralizations pre-cycling (6 × 1 min erosion in HCl: pH 3.0, mean time and overnight immersion in artificial saliva) for 1 day. Sealing was done as follows; (1) unsealed, (2) Seal & Protect, (3) K-0184 (experimental sealer) and (4) OptiBond FL. After sealing, samples were immersed in HCl for 3 h (baseline measurement). Then, the following erosive/abrasive and remineralisations cycling was performed for 8 days: 3 h/day erosion with HCl, 600 brushing strokes/day and storage in artificial saliva for the rest of the day. Sealer permeability was evaluated by assignation of (32)P in the acid used for the erosive attacks. RESULTS At baseline, the significantly highest dentine loss was observed for the unsealed control group, while the mineral loss was not statistically significantly different between the sealed groups 2 and 3. At all days of the erosive/abrasive and remineralizations cycling and cumulatively the significantly highest mineral loss was observed for group 1, while the significantly lowest mineral loss was observed for the samples sealed with Seal & Protect (group 2) and K-0184 (group 3). In all groups, no significant increase in the (32)P release was observed. CONCLUSION Surface sealants are able to reduce the erosive dentine mineral loss and maintain this erosion-preventing efficacy over the whole duration (simulating 8 month in-vivo) of the erosive/abrasive cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian J Wegehaupt
- Department for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Knösel M, Bojes M, Jung K, Ziebolz D. Increased susceptibility for white spot lesions by surplus orthodontic etching exceeding bracket base area. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012; 141:574-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wiegand A, Attin T. Design of Erosion/Abrasion Studies – Insights and Rational Concepts. Caries Res 2011; 45 Suppl 1:53-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000325946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Willershausen B, Callaway A, Azrak B, Kloß C, Schulz-Dobrick B. Prolonged in vitro exposure to white wines enhances the erosive damage on human permanent teeth compared with red wines. Nutr Res 2009; 29:558-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Revised: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Influence of fluoride concentration and ethanol pre-treatment on the reduction of the acid susceptibility of enamel. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54:823-9. [PMID: 19608155 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between KOH-soluble and structurally bound fluoride uptake and the erosion resistance of enamel, respectively. Additionally, the effect of enamel pre-treatment with ethanol before fluoridation was assessed. METHODS Sixty bovine incisors (4 specimens/tooth) were randomly allocated to six groups (A-F). Samples 1 and 2 remained untreated, serving as control at baseline. Pre-treatment of the samples was performed for 5 min with 99% ethanol (groups A, B and C) or physiologic saline (groups D, E and F). Samples 3 and 4 were treated either with 0.5% (groups A and D), 1.0% (groups B and E) or 1.5% (groups C and F) fluoride solution. In samples 1 and 3, uptake of KOH-soluble and structurally bound fluoride was determined. Samples 2 and 4 were used for the determination of acid susceptibility by immersion in 1 ml HCl for 30s. Calcium release into HCl was assessed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Differences between the groups were calculated by unpaired t-tests (p<0.05). RESULTS Mode of pre-treatment showed no influence on fluoride acquisition. KOH-soluble and structurally fluoride uptake increased with increasing fluoride concentrations. Highest acid resistance was observed after treatment with 1% fluoride solution for both kinds of pre-treatment followed by 1.5% and 0.5% fluoride solution. CONCLUSION Dose-dependency was observed for enamel fluoride acquisition but not for acid resistance.
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Thickness of softened human enamel removed by toothbrush abrasion: an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2009; 14:251-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-009-0288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 05/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Piekarz C, Ranjitkar S, Hunt D, McIntyre J. An in vitro assessment of the role of Tooth Mousse in preventing wine erosion. Aust Dent J 2008; 53:22-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2007.00003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Attin T, Wegehaupt F, Gries D, Wiegand A. The potential of deciduous and permanent bovine enamel as substitute for deciduous and permanent human enamel: Erosion–abrasion experiments. J Dent 2007; 35:773-7. [PMID: 17709163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2007.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2007] [Revised: 07/03/2007] [Accepted: 07/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the present study was to compare toothbrushing abrasion of eroded human and bovine enamel utilizing a toothpaste slurry. The surfaces of each 36 teeth from cattle and calves and from each 36 human wisdom teeth and deciduous teeth were polished. Each 12 specimens from the respective tooth type were used for assessing toothbrushing abrasion only (A), erosion only (E) and the combination of erosion and toothbrushing abrasion (EA). The EA samples were subjected to 20 cycles comprising a demineralization/remineralization procedure directly followed by toothbrushing abrasion (100 strokes, 300 g load, toothpaste slurry: 3 ml artificial saliva mixed with 1g dentifrice). Demineralization in form of erosion was performed with 1% citric acid (1 min), remineralization with artificial saliva (15 min). Between the cycles, the samples were stored in artificial saliva. Wear of the treated surfaces with reference to untreated areas was determined profilometrically. The samples subjected to abrasion only (A) did not show a significantly different wear between the different kinds of teeth. The comparisons of substance loss between teeth of different species revealed that hard tissue loss of the human deciduous teeth was significantly lower as compared to calves' teeth after both erosion and erosion-abrasion. Also, both erosion only and erosion-abrasion caused higher enamel loss in cattle's teeth than in human wisdom teeth. It is concluded that human eroded enamel offers better resistance against brushing than bovine enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Attin
- Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Wiegand A, Köwing L, Attin T. Impact of brushing force on abrasion of acid-softened and sound enamel. Arch Oral Biol 2007; 52:1043-7. [PMID: 17658454 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2007.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2006] [Revised: 05/22/2007] [Accepted: 06/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to analyse the effects of different brushing loads on abrasion of acid-softened and sound enamel surfaces. DESIGN Sound and acid-softened surfaces of each 10 human enamel samples were submitted to brushing abrasion in an automatic brushing machine at 1.5 N (A), 2.5 N (B), 3.5 N (C) or 4.5 N (D) brushing load. Prior to abrasion, demineralisation of half of each enamel surface was performed by storage in hydrochloric acid (pH 2.0) for 60s. Brushing was carried out (1000 strokes) using a manual toothbrush and toothpaste slurry in a ratio of 1:3. Enamel loss was measured after 10, 20, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 1000 brushing strokes (BS). Pre- and post-brushing values of Knoop indentation length (5 indentations each sample) were measured and mean enamel loss was calculated from the change in indentation depth. Within- and between-group comparisons were performed by ANOVA and t-test followed by Bonferroni-correction. RESULTS Enamel loss of acid-softened surfaces was significantly influenced by the brushing load applied and was mostly significantly higher in group D (10-1000 BS: 225-462 nm) compared to A (10-1000 BS: 164-384), B (10-1000 BS: 175-370 nm) and C (10-1000 BS: 191-396 nm). Abrasion of acid-softened enamel was fourfold higher compared to sound surfaces. Sound enamel was significantly influenced by the brushing force at 20-200 brushing strokes only, but revealed no significant differences between groups A-D. CONCLUSION Brushing load influences abrasion of briefly eroded enamel, but might be of minor importance for abrasion of sound enamel surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wiegand
- Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zürich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland.
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