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Tomlinson SB, Sandwell S, Chuang ST, Johnson MD, Vates GE, Reagan PM. Central nervous system relapse of systemic ALK-rearranged anaplastic large cell lymphoma treated with alectinib. Leuk Res 2019; 83:106164. [PMID: 31226541 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel B Tomlinson
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States.
| | - Stephen Sandwell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Sally T Chuang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Mahlon D Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - G Edward Vates
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Patrick M Reagan
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
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2
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Boshrabadi AP, Naiem A, Ghazi Mirsaeid SS, Yarandi KK, Amirjamshidi A. Hydrocephalus as the sole presentation of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the brain: Report of a case and review of literature. Surg Neurol Int 2017; 8:165. [PMID: 28840069 PMCID: PMC5551293 DOI: 10.4103/sni.sni_446_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The most common lymphoid malignancy in adults is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The median age of occurrence of DLBCL is between 6th and 7th decade of life, although some other types of aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) are present in younger age. Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an uncommon type of extranodal NHL, which is either more prevalent or is diagnosed more often than before. Case Description: A 22-year-old man with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) performed at another center was referred with manifestations of shunt malfunction, unusual behavior, dysphasia, and hallucination. The shunt malfunction was handled appropriately several times and exploration of the enhancing cystic temporal lesion confirmed the diagnosis of DLBCL. Conclusion: In this communication, we intend to highlight the issue that hydrocephalus refractory to several interventions can be the sole manifestation of PCNSL and needs special clinical considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Naiem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kourosh Karimi Yarandi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Amirjamshidi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Furuya K, Takanashi S, Ogawa A, Takahashi Y, Nakagomi T. High-dose methotrexate monotherapy followed by radiation for CD30-positive, anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in the brain of a child. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2014; 14:311-5. [PMID: 25014324 DOI: 10.3171/2014.6.peds1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The authors report the case of an 11-year-old immunocompetent boy with primary CNS CD30-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) that was also positive for anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1. His initial clinical manifestation was acute meningitis of unknown etiology. Findings on CT scanning were normal. Although he received empirical treatment against infection, his systemic and neurological status deteriorated. Subsequent MRI revealed newly emerged enhanced lesions and concomitant edema in the left parietal lobe. Diagnosis was confirmed following a brain biopsy and immunohistochemical staining. Three courses of systemic high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) treatment with 2-week intervals was started, followed by whole-brain radiation. His clinical course improved, and he has remained disease-free for more than 8 years without any additional treatment. Because ALCL originating in the brain is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose, no standard treatment has been established. This report suggests that systemic HD-MTX monotherapy can be an effective and worthwhile tailored therapeutic option for pediatric primary CNS ALCL.
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Novello M, Lauriola L, Della Pepa GM, La Rocca G, Coli A, Visocchi M. ALK
‐positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma presenting as intradural spinal mass: First reported case and review of literature. Neuropathology 2012; 33:418-23. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2012.01359.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 09/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Adult anaplastic large cell lymphoma involving the central nervous system: a rare clinical scenario. Ann Hematol 2010; 90:721-3. [PMID: 20838823 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-010-1074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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6
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Kodama K, Hokama M, Kawaguchi K, Tanaka Y, Hongo K. Primary ALK-1-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the brain: Case report and review of the literature. Neuropathology 2009; 29:166-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2008.00935.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Gonzales M. Primary meningeal anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Pathology 2003. [DOI: 10.1080/pat.35.5.451.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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George DH, Scheithauer BW, Aker FV, Kurtin PJ, Burger PC, Cameselle-Teijeiro J, McLendon RE, Parisi JE, Paulus W, Roggendorf W, Sotelo C. Primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the central nervous system: prognostic effect of ALK-1 expression. Am J Surg Pathol 2003; 27:487-93. [PMID: 12657933 DOI: 10.1097/00000478-200304000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) rarely occurs in the central nervous system. Although defined by its composition of large, pleomorphic, CD30-positive lymphocytes, ALCL is heterogeneous. Most are T cell but some are null cell. Most but not all have a characteristic 2:5 translocation producing the fusion protein ALK-1, which is reliably detected by immunohistochemistry. In systemic ALCL, ALK-1 expression correlates with young patient age and a favorable prognosis. Herein we report four new cases of primary central nervous system ALCL from the Mayo Clinic and incorporate additional data from five previously published cases. ALK-1 expression was determined in all nine tumors. Patient age was 4-66 years (mean 29 years) with a bimodal distribution: 6 < or = 22 years, 3 > or = 50 years. Six were female. Tumors were mostly supratentorial, five were multifocal, and seven had involvement of dura or leptomeninges. Seven tumors were T cell, two were null cell, and five of nine were ALK-1 immunopositive. Total mortality was six of nine. Three patients, 4-18 years of age (mean 13 years), were alive at 4.8-6.1 years postdiagnosis; these tumors were all ALK positive. Five patients, 13-66 years of age (mean 43 years), died of tumor 4 days to 11 weeks postdiagnosis; four of five of these tumors were ALK negative. One 10-year-old child with an ALK-positive tumor died of sepsis, but in remission. Central nervous system ALCL is aggressive. Our study suggests that a better outcome may be associated with young age and ALK-1 positivity, prognostic parameters similar to systemic ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H George
- Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Abstract
LM is an increasingly common neurologic complication of cancer with variable clinical manifestations. Although there are no curative treatments, currently available therapies can preserve neurologic function and potentially improve quality of life. Further research into the mechanisms of leptomeningeal metastasis will elucidate molecular and cellular pathways that may allow identification of potential targets to interrupt this process early or to prevent this complication. Animal models are needed to further define the pathophysiology of LM and to provide an experimental system to test novel treatments [242-245]. There is an urgent need to develop new drug-based or radiation-based treatments for patients with LM. Randomized clinical trials are the appropriate study design to determine the efficacy of new treatments for LM. However, surrogate markers for response must be developed to facilitate the identification of effective regimens. Survival is not the optimal end point for such studies as most patients who develop this complication already have advanced, incurable cancer. Prevention of or delay in neurologic progression is one objective that has been utilized in recent randomized trials in patients with LM, and this end point deserves further attention. Although the development of LM represents a poor prognostic marker in patients with cancer it is important for physicians to recognize the symptoms and signs of the disease and establish the diagnosis as early in the disease course as possible. This may provide an opportunity for effective intervention that can improve quality of life, prevent further neurologic deterioration and, for a subset of patients, improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kesari
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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10
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Aloulou S, Bosq J, Vanel D, Ribrag V. Unusual sites of involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Case 2. Isolated meningeal anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20:4395-7. [PMID: 12409340 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2002.20.21.4395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Aloulou
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
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Matano S, Sakashita Y, Furusho H, Ohashi M, Terahata S, Kakuma K, Sugimoto T. Primary leptomeningeal lymphoma. J Neurooncol 2001; 52:81-3. [PMID: 11451206 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010628924066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Primary leptomeningeal lymphoma is a rare disorder, and the neuroradiological characteristics or the complication of this rare disorder have not been well reported. We reported herein a patient with a primary leptomeningeal lymphoma who has complication with subdural hematoma. The patient complained of headache and vomiting. Neurological examination revealed progressive cranial nerve palsy. Cerebrospinal fluid examination disclosed monoclonal proliferation of atypical B-lymphocytes. Cranial computed tomographic scans showed a left frontal mass with convex form to the brain parenchyma. T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images disclosed subacute subdural hematoma. However, proton-weighted MR images showed high signal intensity in subarachnoid space, which suggested leptomeningeal lymphoma. He underwent craniotomy, and the diagnosis of leptomeningeal lymphoma complicated with subdural hematoma was confirmed. Systemic examinations disclosed no lymphomatous lesions except for leptomeningus, and the diagnosis of primary leptomeningeal lymphoma was established. We suggested that subdural hematoma was associated with primary leptomeningeal lymphoma in this patient. Cerebrospinal fluid examination and proton-weighted MR imaging should be performed when progressive neurological abnormalities are found in patients with subdural hematoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Matano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tonami General Hospital, Toyama, Japan.
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