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Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Bao J, Huang J, Zhang H. Apiosporamide, A 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone Alkaloid, Induces Apoptosis Via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway In Osteosarcoma Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8611-8620. [PMID: 31695421 PMCID: PMC6814361 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s218692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common primary malignant bone tumour in children and young adults. Apiosporamide, a 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone alkaloid from a deep-sea-derived fungus, Arthrinium sp. UJNMF0008, showed anti-proliferative effects toward a panel of human cancer cell lines, and the molecular mechanism in MG63 cells was then investigated in the current work. METHODS Cell viability was determined with MTT method. Cell proliferation was detected using colony-formation assay. Screening electron microscope was used for morphology observation. Cell cycle and apoptosis was analysed via flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was conducted to evaluate the mRNA expression related with cell apoptosis. The expression levels of proteins related to capase-mediated apoptotic pathway and PI3K/Akt signalling pathway were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Apiosporamide significantly decreased cell viability in cancer cells, and also exhibited excellent anti-proliferative effect. Apiosporamide caused cell cycle arrests at G0/G1 phase in MG63 cells. Moreover, apiosporamide induced apoptosis, activated caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and regulated expression of Bax and Bcl-2 in MG63 cells. In addition, apiosporamide also attenuated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Apiosporamide effectively suppressed MG63 cells proliferation by inducing apoptosis through PI3K/Akt and caspase-associated apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Bao
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jintian Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan250022, People’s Republic of China
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Xie X, Lin J, Zhong Y, Fu M, Tang A. FGFR 3S249C mutation promotes chemoresistance by activating Akt signaling in bladder cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1226-1234. [PMID: 31316618 PMCID: PMC6601368 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) is a high frequency mutant gene in bladder cancer (BCa) and has become a promising therapeutic target due to its involvement in cell proliferation and migration. However, whether and how FGFR3 mutations affects BCa cell chemosensitivity is unknown. The current study aimed to elucidate the role of the FGFR3S249C mutation in the development of chemoresistance in BCa cells. The results revealed that 97-7 (FGFR3S249C) cells had decreased sensitivity to cisplatin compared with 5637 (FGFR3WT) and T24 (FGFR3WT) cells. The ratio of phosphorylated-Akt/total-Akt was higher in 97-7 (FGFR3S249C) cells, which was reversed by knockdown of FGFR3. Furthermore, inhibition of Akt signaling by GDC0068 or LY294002 increased the cisplatin sensitivity of 97-7 (FGFR3S249C) cells. GDC0068 or LY294002 was also revealed to augment the effects of cisplatin on 97-7 (FGFR3S249C) cell proliferation and apoptosis. The results of the present study demonstrated that the FGFR3S249C mutation promotes chemoresistance in BCa cells by activating the Akt signaling pathway. The FGFR3S249C mutation may therefore be used as a predictor of chemosensitivity in patients with BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xina Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Jiatian Lin
- Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yuantang Zhong
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Mianheng Fu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Aifa Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
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Smolensky D, Rathore K, Bourn J, Cekanova M. Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT Pathway Sensitizes Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells to Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy In Vitro. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:2615-2624. [PMID: 27649518 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Anthracycline-based chemotherapy, such as doxorubicin (Dox), while effective against many solid tumors, is not widely used for head and neck cancers. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of Dox, and its derivative AD198 in human, canine, and feline oral squamous cell carcinomas cells (OSCC) in vitro. Dox and AD198 had significant an anti-proliferative effect on human, canine, and feline OSCC cells in dose-dependent manner. AD198 inhibited cell proliferation more effectively than Dox in tested OSCC cells. In the human oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cells, Dox and AD198 increased the production of reactive oxygen species and subsequently increased apoptosis through activation of caspase signaling pathway. Dox and AD198 increased activation of AKT, ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in tested OSCC cells by dose-dependent manner. The efficacy of Dox and AD198 treatments in inhibition of cell proliferation was increased in tested OSCC when combined with PI3K/AKT inhibitor, LY294002 treatment. Inhibition of PI3K/AKT reduced Dox- and AD198-induced activation of ERK1/2 and further increased Dox- and AD198-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in OSCC. Our results suggest that the anthracycline therapies, such as Dox or AD198, can be more effective for treatment of OSCC when combined with inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 2615-2624, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Smolensky
- UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, Tennessee.,Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, Tennessee
| | - Kusum Rathore
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, Tennessee
| | - Jennifer Bourn
- UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, Tennessee.,Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, Tennessee
| | - Maria Cekanova
- UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, Tennessee.,Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, Tennessee
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Smolensky D, Rathore K, Cekanova M. Phosphatidylinositol- 3-kinase inhibitor induces chemosensitivity to a novel derivative of doxorubicin, AD198 chemotherapy in human bladder cancer cells in vitro. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:927. [PMID: 26597249 PMCID: PMC4657321 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used to treat progressed bladder cancer after transurethral resection. The use of Dox-chemotherapy has been limited due to induced drug resistance and cumulative cardiotoxic effects. N-benzyladriamycin-14-valerate (AD198), a novel derivative of Dox, has a potential to become a more effective treatment than Dox by overcoming drug resistance and cardio-toxicity as shown in the rodent model of lymphoma in vivo. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of Dox and AD198 and explore their mechanisms in inhibition on human bladder cancer cells in vitro. METHODS We evaluated the effects of Dox and AD198 on cell viability of human transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cell lines T24 and UMUC3 by MTS assay in vitro. The effects of Dox and AD198 on cell apoptosis were determined by caspase 3/7 assay, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Western Blotting (WB) analysis. RESULTS AD198 was more effective than Dox in inhibition of cell viability of T24 and UMUC3 cells in vitro. Both Dox and AD198 significantly increased the generation of ROS and induced apoptosis in caspase-dependent and -independent manner in T24 and UMUC3 cells. AD 198 induced significantly higher production of ROS as compared to Dox in human TCC cells. Dox and AD198 activated the pro-apoptotic p38 MAPK pathway; however, on the other hand also increased phosphorylation of AKT, an anti-apoptotic signaling pathway, in T24 and UMUC3 cells. Combined treatment of PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) with Dox or AD198 inhibited cell viability of T24 and UMUC3 cells more effectively than any of drug treatments alone. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that AD198 as novel derivative of Dox, could be a used as effective treatment for bladder cancer. Dox and AD198 induced PI3K/AKT signaling pathway that is a one of the indicators of pro-survival and possible drug-resistance mechanisms of chemotherapies in bladder cancer. Combined therapies of Dox or AD198 with inhibitors of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway might lead to more effective treatment outcome for patients diagnosed with bladder cancer based on our in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Smolensky
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive A122, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA. .,UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Kusum Rathore
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive A122, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - Maria Cekanova
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive A122, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA. .,UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
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Ung MH, Varn FS, Cheng C. IDEA: Integrated Drug Expression Analysis-Integration of Gene Expression and Clinical Data for the Identification of Therapeutic Candidates. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 4:415-25. [PMID: 26312165 PMCID: PMC4544055 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer drug discovery is an involved process spanning efforts from several fields of study and typically requires years of research and development. However, the advent of high-throughput genomic technologies has allowed for the use of in silico, genomics-based methods to screen drug libraries and accelerate drug discovery. Here we present a novel approach to computationally identify drug candidates for the treatment of breast cancer. In particular, we developed a Drug Regulatory Score similarity metric to evaluate gene expression profile similarity, in the context of drug treatment, and incorporated time-to-event patient survival information to develop an integrated analysis pipeline: Integrated Drug Expression Analysis (IDEA). We were able to predict drug candidates that have been known and those that have not been known in the literature to exhibit anticancer effects. Overall, our method enables quick preclinical screening of drug candidates for breast cancer and other diseases by using the most important indicator of drug efficacy: survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Ung
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - F S Varn
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - C Cheng
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Hanover, New Hampshire, USA ; Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA ; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
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LONG XINHUA, ZHONG ZHENHAO, PENG AIFEN, ZHU LIANGBO, WANG HENG, ZHANG GUOMEI, LIU ZHILI. LY294002 suppresses the malignant phenotype and sensitizes osteosarcoma cells to pirarubicin chemotherapy. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:2967-72. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Gerhardt D, Bertola G, Dietrich F, Figueiró F, Zanotto-Filho A, Moreira Fonseca JC, Morrone FB, Barrios CH, Battastini AMO, Salbego CG. Boldine induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in T24 human bladder cancer cell line via regulation of ERK, AKT, and GSK-3β. Urol Oncol 2014; 32:36.e1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Xie X, Tang B, Zhou J, Gao Q, Zhang P. Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway increases the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer to vincristine. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:773-82. [PMID: 23743572 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression by promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis, a process closely associated with multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumors. LY294002 is a commonly used pharmacological inhibitor that acts at the ATP‑binding site of the PI3K enzyme, selectively inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of LY294002 on the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells to vincristine (VCR) in vitro and in vivo and investigated the possible underlying cellular mechanisms. The effect of LY294002 on cell viability, apoptosis induction and inhibition of tumor growth was analyzed using MTT and TUNEL assay in in vitro and in vivo models of gastric cancer. Intracellular accumulation of VCR was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The activity of the PI3K/Akt pathway was evaluated by western blot analysis. Furthermore, reverse transcription PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of MDR1/ P-glycoprotein (P‑gp) and apoptosis‑related factors. We found that gastric cancer cells treated with LY294002 showed a significant inhibition of PI3K/Akt activity. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 combined with VCR worked synergistically to promote growth inhibition, induce apoptosis and increase the intracellular drug accumulation in gastric cancer cell lines. Similarly, LY294002 could cooperate with VCR to reduce tumor growth in a gastric cancer model in vivo. Finally, LY294002 was able to decrease the expression of MDR1/P‑gp, Bcl‑2 and XIAP, and upregulate expression of Bax and caspase‑3, thereby enhancing chemosensitivity to VCR by inhibiting a drug pump and inducing apoptosis. These results suggested that the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 can enhance chemosensitivity of human gastric cancer to VCR. This preclinical evaluation of a rational combination of LY294002 and VCR may provide a new strategy to resolve the MDR of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China
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Jiang B, Li EH, Lu YY, Jiang Q, Cui D, Jing YF, Xia SJ. Inhibition of fatty-acid synthase suppresses P-AKT and induces apoptosis in bladder cancer. Urology 2012; 80:484.e9-15. [PMID: 22554590 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of fatty acid synthase (FASN) in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC). METHODS FASN expression was investigated in non-muscle-invasive BTCC tissue specimens by immunohistochemistry and BTCC cell lines by Western blot. After treatment with FASN-siRNA or FASN inhibitor cerulenin (Cer), the proliferation and apoptosis of BTCC cell lines 5637 and 253 J were determined by cell counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay and flow cytometry respectively. The expression of p-AKT, cyclin D1 (CCND1), and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blot. RESULTS High levels of FASN expression were observed in 59% (32/54) of non-muscle-invasive BTCC tissue specimens, and FASN expression was associated with histologic grade (P < .05) and recurrence (P < .05). FASN expression was high in 6 BTCC cell lines. FASN inhibitor Cer and FASN-siRNA produced the increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation of bladder cancer cells, and caused inactivity of AKT and downregulation of CCND1. Furthermore, treatment of BTCC cell lines with Cer resulted in apoptosis via the caspase-dependent pathway involving inactivation of antiapoptotic bcl-2 protein. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that FASN plays an important role in BTCC development. Targeting FASN may be a new therapeutic strategy for BTCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated First People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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