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Raktoe R, Kwee AKAL, Rietveld M, Marsidi N, Genders R, Quint K, van Doorn R, van Zuijlen P, Ghalbzouri AEL. Mimicking fat grafting of fibrotic scars using 3D-organotypic skin cultures. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1752-1762. [PMID: 37515391 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing of deep burn injuries is often accompanied by severe scarring, such as hypertrophic scar (HTS) formation. In severe burn wounds, where the subcutis is also damaged, the scars adhere to structures underneath, resulting in stiffness of the scar and impaired motion. Over the recent years, a promising solution has emerged: autologous fat grafting, also known as lipofilling. Previous clinical reports have shown that the anti-fibrotic effect has been attributed to the presence of adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSC). In the proposed study, we aim to investigate the effect of fat grafting in 3D organotypic skin cultures mimicking an HTS-like environment. To this end, organotypic skin cultures were embedded with normal skin fibroblasts (NF) or HTS-derived fibroblasts with or without incorporation of human adipose subcutaneous tissue (ADT) and one part was thermally wounded to examine their effect on epithelialization. The developed skin cultures were analysed on morphology and protein level. Analysis revealed that ADT-containing organotypic skin cultures comprise an improved epidermal homeostasis, and a fully formed basement membrane, similar to native human skin (NHS). Furthermore, the addition of ADT significantly reduced myofibroblast presence, which indicates its anti-fibrotic effect. Finally, re-epithelialization measurements showed that ADT reduced re-epithelialization in skin cultures embedded with NFs, whereas HTS-fibroblast-embedded skin cultures showed complete wound closure. In conclusion, we succeeded in developing a 3D organotypic HTS-skin model incorporated with subcutaneous tissue that allows further investigation on the molecular mechanism of fat grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Raktoe
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anastasia K A L Kwee
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marion Rietveld
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nick Marsidi
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Genders
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology, Roosevelt Clinics, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Quint
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology, Roosevelt Clinics, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Remco van Doorn
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paul van Zuijlen
- Burn Centre, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Pediatric Surgical Centre, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Lee DH, Bhang SH. Development of Hetero-Cell Type Spheroids Via Core-Shell Strategy for Enhanced Wound Healing Effect of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:581-591. [PMID: 36708468 PMCID: PMC10313618 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00512-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell-based therapies have been developed to treat various types of wounds. Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are used to treat skin wounds owing to their outstanding angiogenic potential. Although recent studies have suggested that stem cell spheroids may help wound healing, their cell viability and retention rate in the wound area require improvement to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. METHODS We developed a core-shell structured spheroid with hADSCs in the core and human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs) in the outer part of the spheroid. The core-shell structure was formed by continuous centrifugation and spheroid incubation. After optimizing the method for inducing uniform-sized core-shell spheroids, cell viability, cell proliferation, migration, and therapeutic efficacy were evaluated and compared to those of conventional spheroids. RESULTS Cell proliferation, migration, and involucrin expression were evaluated in keratinocytes. Tubular assays in human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used to confirm the improved skin regeneration and angiogenic efficacy of core-shell spheroids. Core-shell spheroids exhibited exceptional cell viability under hypoxic cell culture conditions that mimicked the microenvironment of the wound area. CONCLUSION The improvement in retention rate, survival rate, and angiogenic growth factors secretion from core-shell spheroids may contribute to the increased therapeutic efficacy of stem cell treatment for skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, South Korea
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, South Korea.
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3
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Abstract
SUMMARY Over the past 30 years, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of autologous fat grafting for soft-tissue augmentation and to improve facial skin quality. Several studies have highlighted the impact of aging on adipose tissue, leading to a decrease of adipose tissue volume and preadipocyte proliferation and increase of fibrosis. Recently, there has been a rising interest in adipose tissue components, including adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) because of their regenerative potential, including inflammation, fibrosis, and vascularization modulation. Because of their differentiation potential and paracrine function, ASCs have been largely used for fat grafting procedures, as they are described to be a key component in fat graft survival. However, many parameters as surgical procedures or adipose tissue biology could change clinical outcomes. Variation on fat grafting methods have led to numerous inconsistent clinical outcomes. Donor-to-donor variation could also be imputed to ASCs, tissue inflammatory state, or tissue origin. In this review, the authors aim to analyze (1) the parameters involved in graft survival, and (2) the effect of aging on adipose tissue components, especially ASCs, that could lead to a decrease of skin regeneration and fat graft retention. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT This review aims to enlighten surgeons about known parameters that could play a role in fat graft survival. ASCs and their potential mechanism of action in regenerative medicine are more specifically described.
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Bellei B, Migliano E, Picardo M. Therapeutic potential of adipose tissue-derivatives in modern dermatology. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1837-1852. [PMID: 35102608 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-mediated therapies in combination with biomaterial and growth factor-based approaches in regenerative medicine are rapidly evolving with increasing application beyond the dermatologic field. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are the more frequently used adult stem cells due to their abundance and easy access. In the case of volumetric defects, adipose tissue can take the shape of defects, restoring the volume and enhancing the regeneration of receiving tissue. When regenerative purposes prevail on volume restoration, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) rich in staminal cells, purified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or their cell-free derivatives grafting are favoured. The therapeutic efficacy of acellular approaches is explained by the fact that a significant part of the natural propensity of stem cells to repair damaged tissue is ascribable to their secretory activity that combines mitogenic factors, cytokines, chemokines and extracellular matrix components. Therefore, the secretome's ability to modulate multiple targets simultaneously demonstrated preclinical and clinical efficacy in reversing pathological mechanisms of complex conditions such atopic dermatitis (AD), vitiligo, psoriasis, acne and Lichen sclerosus (LS), non-resolving wounds and alopecia. This review analysing both in vivo and in vitro models gives an overview of the clinical relevance of adipose tissue-derivatives such as autologous fat graft, stromal vascular fraction, purified stem cells and secretome for skin disorders application. Finally, we highlighted the major disease-specific limitations and the future perspective in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Regenerative Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Wu SD, Dai NT, Liao CY, Kang LY, Tseng YW, Hsu SH. Planar-/Curvilinear-Bioprinted Tri-Cell-Laden Hydrogel for Healing Irregular Chronic Wounds. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201021. [PMID: 35758924 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cutaneous wounds from tissue trauma or extensive burns can impair skin barrier function and cause severe infection. Fabrication of a customizable tissue-engineered skin is a promising strategy for regeneration of uneven wounds. Herein, a planar-/curvilinear-bioprintable hydrogel is developed to produce tissue-engineered skin and evaluated in rat models of chronic and irregular wounds. The hydrogel is composed of biodegradable polyurethane (PU) and gelatin. The hydrogel laden with cells displays good 3D printability and structure stability. The circular wounds of normal and diabetes mellitus (DM) rats treated with planar-printed tri-cell-laden (fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)) hydrogel demonstrate full reepithelization and dermal repair as well as large amounts of neovascularization and collagen production after 28 days. Furthermore, the curvilinear module is fabricated based on the corresponding wound topography for curvilinear-bioprinting of the irregular tissue-engineered skin. The large and irregular rat skin wounds treated with curvilinear-printed tri-cell-laden hydrogel demonstrate full repair after 28 days. This planar-/curvilinear-bioprintable tri-cell-laden hydrogel shows great potential for customized biofabrication in skin tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Da Wu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Niann-Tzyy Dai
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yaug Liao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Ya Kang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Tseng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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6
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Bellei B, Migliano E, Picardo M. Research update of adipose tissue-based therapies in regenerative dermatology. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1956-1973. [PMID: 35230644 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10328-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have a spontaneous propensity to support tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Among the several sources of MSCs, adipose-derived tissue stem cells (ADSCs) have received major interest due to the higher mesenchymal stem cells concentration, ease, and safety of access. However, since a significant part of the natural capacity of ADSCs to repair damaged tissue is ascribable to their secretory activity that combines mitogenic factors, cytokines, chemokines, lipids, and extracellular matrix components, several studies focused on cell-free strategies. Furthermore, adipose cell-free derivatives are becoming more attractive especially for non-volumizing purposes, such as most dermatological conditions. However, when keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, adipocytes, and hair follicle cells might not be locally sourced, graft of materials containing concentrated ADSCs is preferred. The usage of extracellular elements of adipose tissue aims to promote a self-autonomous regenerative microenvironment in the receiving area restoring physiological homeostasis. Hence, ADSCs or their paracrine activity are currently being studied in several dermatological settings including wound healing, skin fibrosis, burn, and aging.The present work analyzing both preclinical and clinical experiences gives an overview of the efficacy of adipose tissue-derivatives like autologous fat, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), purified ADSCs, secretome and extracellular matrix graft in the field of regenerative medicine for the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
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7
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Moakes RJA, Senior JJ, Robinson TE, Chipara M, Atansov A, Naylor A, Metcalfe AD, Smith AM, Grover LM. A suspended layer additive manufacturing approach to the bioprinting of tri-layered skin equivalents. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:046103. [PMID: 34888433 PMCID: PMC8635740 DOI: 10.1063/5.0061361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin exhibits a complex structure consisting of three predominant layers (epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis). Extensive trauma may result in the loss of these structures and poor repair, in the longer term, forming scarred tissue and associated reduction in function. Although a number of skin replacements exist, there have been no solutions that recapitulate the chemical, mechanical, and biological roles that exist within native skin. This study reports the use of suspended layer additive manufacturing to produce a continuous tri-layered implant, which closely resembles human skin. Through careful control of the bioink composition, gradients (chemical and cellular) were formed throughout the printed construct. Culture of the model demonstrated that over 21 days, the cellular components played a key role in remodeling the supporting matrix into architectures comparable with those of healthy skin. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that even at seven days post-implantation, the integration of the implant had occurred, with mobilization of the adipose tissue from the surrounding tissue into the construct itself. As such, it is believed that these implants can facilitate healing, commencing from the fascia, up toward the skin surface—a mechanism recently shown to be key within deep wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J A Moakes
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica J Senior
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas E Robinson
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Miruna Chipara
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandar Atansov
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Naylor
- Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony D Metcalfe
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Alan M Smith
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom
| | - Liam M Grover
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Wang Y, Feng Q, Li Z, Bai X, Wu Y, Liu Y. Evaluating the Effect of Integra Seeded with Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells or Fibroblasts in Wound Healing. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 17:629-635. [PMID: 32394832 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200512104004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive loss of skin in burn patients can have devastating consequences, both physically and mentally. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) and fibroblasts are known to play significant roles in the process of wound healing. Recently, bioengineered skin has been considered for wound healing purposes. METHODS Investigate the effect of Integra seeded with ADSCs, fibroblasts, or both on wound healing. RESULTS We found that when Integra is seeded with ADSCs and fibroblasts, both types of cells incorporate and proliferate, the phenomenon becoming more robust when the cells are co-cultured on Integra, both in vitro; and in vivo;. In addition, when these cells are seeded on Integra, they stimulate epithelization with no signs of inflammation and skin necrosis being observed when transplanted on animals for 7 days. CONCLUSION ADSCs and fibroblasts seeded on Integra could decrease the number of α-SMA positive myofibroblasts, leading to scarless wound healing. The evidence from this study is strongly supportive that Integra seeded with ADSCs and fibroblasts is an appropriate and effective bioengineered skin for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchang Wang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Quanrui Feng
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhanfei Li
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiangjun Bai
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yiping Wu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yukun Liu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Han F, Wang J, Ding L, Hu Y, Li W, Yuan Z, Guo Q, Zhu C, Yu L, Wang H, Zhao Z, Jia L, Li J, Yu Y, Zhang W, Chu G, Chen S, Li B. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: Achievements, Future, and Sustainability in Asia. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:83. [PMID: 32266221 PMCID: PMC7105900 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring innovative solutions to improve the healthcare of the aging and diseased population continues to be a global challenge. Among a number of strategies toward this goal, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) has gradually evolved into a promising approach to meet future needs of patients. TERM has recently received increasing attention in Asia, as evidenced by the markedly increased number of researchers, publications, clinical trials, and translational products. This review aims to give a brief overview of TERM development in Asia over the last decade by highlighting some of the important advances in this field and featuring major achievements of representative research groups. The development of novel biomaterials and enabling technologies, identification of new cell sources, and applications of TERM in various tissues are briefly introduced. Finally, the achievement of TERM in Asia, including important publications, representative discoveries, clinical trials, and examples of commercial products will be introduced. Discussion on current limitations and future directions in this hot topic will also be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxuan Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Luguang Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuanbin Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenquan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhangqin Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qianping Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Caihong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhongliang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Luanluan Jia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yingkang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Genglei Chu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
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Zhang J, Li K, Kong F, Sun C, Zhang D, Yu X, Wang X, Li X, Liu T, Shao G, Guan Y, Zhao S. Induced Intermediate Mesoderm Combined with Decellularized Kidney Scaffolds for Functional Engineering Kidney. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:501-512. [PMID: 31624705 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease is a severe threat to human health with no ideal treatment strategy. Mature mammalian kidneys have a fixed number of nephrons, and regeneration is difficult once they are damaged. For this reason, developing an efficient approach to achieve kidney regeneration is necessary. The technology of the combination of decellularized kidney scaffolds with stem cells has emerged as a new strategy; however, in previous studies, the differentiation of stem cells in decellularized scaffolds was insufficient for functional kidney regeneration, and many problems remain. Methods We used 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to produce rat kidney decellularized scaffolds, and induce adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into intermediate mesoderm by adding Wnt agonist CHIR99021 and FGF9 in vitro. The characteristics of decellularized scaffolds and intermediate mesoderm induced from adipose-derived stem cells were identified. The scaffolds were recellularized with ADSCs and intermediate mesoderm cells through the renal artery and ureter. After cocultured for 10 days, cells adhesion and differentiation was evaluated. Results Intermediate mesoderm cells were successfully induced from ADSCs and identified by immunofluorescence and Western blotting assays (OSR1 + , PAX2 +). Immunofluorescence showed that intermediate mesoderm cells differentiated into tubular-like (E-CAD + , GATA3 +) and podocyte-like (WT1 +) cells with higher differentiation efficiency than ADSCs in the decellularized scaffolds. Comparatively, this phenomenon was not observed in induced intermediate mesoderm cells cultured in vitro. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated that intermediate mesoderm cells could be induced from ADSCs and that they could differentiate well after cocultured with decellularized scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianye Zhang
- 1Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Kailin Li
- 2Department of Central Research Lab, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Kong
- 2Department of Central Research Lab, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Kidney Regeneration of Shandong Province, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China.,4Shandong University- Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Sun
- 2Department of Central Research Lab, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Denglu Zhang
- 5The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16369 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250011 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yu
- 1Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesheng Wang
- 1Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Li
- 6The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Tongyan Liu
- 6The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfeng Shao
- 1Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Guan
- 1Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China.,7Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong University, 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Shengtian Zhao
- 1Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Kidney Regeneration of Shandong Province, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China.,4Shandong University- Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033 Shandong People's Republic of China.,7Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong University, 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021 Shandong People's Republic of China
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11
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Smith OJ, Jell G, Mosahebi A. The use of fat grafting and platelet-rich plasma for wound healing: A review of the current evidence. Int Wound J 2018; 16:275-285. [PMID: 30460739 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat grafting is becoming a common procedure in regenerative medicine because of its high content of growth factors and adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) and the ease of harvest, safety, and low cost. The high concentration of ADSCs found in fat has the potential to differentiate into a wide range of wound-healing cells including fibroblasts and keratinocytes as well as demonstrating proangiogenic qualities. This suggests that fat could play an important role in wound healing. However retention rates of fat grafts are highly variable due in part to inconsistent vascularisation of the transplanted fat. Furthermore, conditions such as diabetes, which have a high prevalence of chronic wounds, reduce the potency and regenerative potential of ADSCs. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous blood product rich in growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, and cytokines. It has been hypothesised that PRP may have a positive effect on the survival and retention of fat grafts because of improved proliferation and differentiations of ADSCs, reduced inflammation, and improved vascularisation. There is also increasing interest in a possible synergistic effect that PRP may have on the healing potential of fat, although the evidence for this is very limited. In this review, we evaluate the evidence in both in vitro and animal studies on the mechanistic relationship between fat and PRP and how this translates to a benefit in wound healing. We also discuss future directions for both research and clinical practice on how to enhance the regenerative potential of the combination of PRP and fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Smith
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.,Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gavin Jell
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ash Mosahebi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.,Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
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12
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Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies have been widely used for their abilities to repair and regenerate different types of tissues and organs in cosmetic and plastic surgeries. It involves the clinical application of different types of stem cells. Different stem cells have been reported to be applicable in different areas of cosmetic surgeries like face lipoatrophy, skin rejuvenation, breast enhancement, and body contouring. However, adipose-derived stem cells remain the most widely used by cosmetic surgeons as they have the potential and capability to differentiate into mesenchymal, ectodermal, and endodermal lineages and are easily accessible to harvest. The purpose of this review is to summarize available applications of stem in cosmetic and plastic surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Zarei
- a Assistant of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khoramabad , Iran
| | - Abolfazl Abbaszadeh
- b Assistant Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran
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13
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Tang X, Qin H, Gu X, Fu X. China’s landscape in regenerative medicine. Biomaterials 2017; 124:78-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Naderi N, Combellack EJ, Griffin M, Sedaghati T, Javed M, Findlay MW, Wallace CG, Mosahebi A, Butler PEM, Seifalian AM, Whitaker IS. The regenerative role of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Int Wound J 2017; 14:112-124. [PMID: 26833722 PMCID: PMC7949873 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential use of stem cell-based therapies for the repair and regeneration of various tissues and organs offers a paradigm shift in plastic and reconstructive surgery. The use of either embryonic stem cells (ESC) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) in clinical situations is limited because of regulations and ethical considerations even though these cells are theoretically highly beneficial. Adult mesenchymal stem cells appear to be an ideal stem cell population for practical regenerative medicine. Among these cells, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) have the potential to differentiate the mesenchymal, ectodermal and endodermal lineages and are easy to harvest. Additionally, adipose tissue yields a high number of ADSC per volume of tissue. Based on this background knowledge, the purpose of this review is to summarise and describe the proliferation and differentiation capacities of ADSC together with current preclinical data regarding the use of ADSC as regenerative tools in plastic and reconstructive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Naderi
- Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS)Swansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
- Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic SurgeryABMU Health BoardSwanseaUK
| | - Emman J Combellack
- Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS)Swansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
- Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic SurgeryABMU Health BoardSwanseaUK
| | - Michelle Griffin
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Tina Sedaghati
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Muhammad Javed
- Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS)Swansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
- Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic SurgeryABMU Health BoardSwanseaUK
| | - Michael W Findlay
- Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryStanford University Medical CentreStanfordCAUSA
| | | | - Afshin Mosahebi
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Plastic SurgeryRoyal Free NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Peter EM Butler
- Department of Plastic SurgeryRoyal Free NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Alexander M Seifalian
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Iain S Whitaker
- Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS)Swansea University Medical SchoolSwanseaUK
- Welsh Centre for Burns & Plastic SurgeryABMU Health BoardSwanseaUK
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15
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Insight into Reepithelialization: How Do Mesenchymal Stem Cells Perform? Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:6120173. [PMID: 26770209 PMCID: PMC4684897 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6120173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound reepithelialization is a cooperative multifactorial process dominated by keratinocyte migration, proliferation, and differentiation that restores the intact epidermal barrier to prevent infection and excessive moisture loss. However, in wounds that exhibit impaired wound healing, such as chronic nonhealing wounds or hypertrophic scars, the reepithelialization process has failed. Thus, it is necessary to explore a suitable way to mitigate these abnormalities to promote reepithelialization and achieve wound healing. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capacity for self-renewal as well as potential multipotency. These cells play important roles in many biological processes, including anti-inflammation, cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation, and signal pathway activation or inhibition. The mechanism of the involvement of MSCs in reepithelialization is still not fully understood. An abundance of evidence has shown that MSCs participate in reepithelialization by inhibiting excessive inflammatory responses, secreting important factors, differentiating into multiple skin cell types, and recruiting other host cells. This review describes the evidence for the roles that MSCs appear to play in the reepithelialization process.
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16
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Steffens D, Mathor MB, Santi BTS, Luco DP, Pranke P. Development of a biomaterial associated with mesenchymal stem cells and keratinocytes for use as a skin substitute. Regen Med 2015; 10:975-87. [PMID: 26542841 DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The present study has aimed to produce a cutaneous substitute, bringing together stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells) and keratinocytes, and an electrospun biomaterial. MATERIALS & METHODS Three groups of scaffolds were studied: group 1, poly-dl-lactic acid (PDLLA); group 2, hydrolyzed PDLLA (PDLLA/NaOH) and group 3, PDLLA/Lam - a PDLLA/NaOH scaffold linked to laminin protein. They were characterized by physicochemical and biological parameters. RESULTS As a result, the scaffolds presented well-formed and randomly distributed fibers. Group 3 showed the greatest hydrophilic characteristics. Group 1 showed a greater degradation rate after 14 days. Groups 2 and 3 presented molecular weight of about 40-50 Da. In general, group 3 showed the best results concerning cell adhesion and viability. CONCLUSION This study associated two revolutionary fields, stem cells and nanotechnology, for use in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Steffens
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Monica B Mathor
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Bruna T S Santi
- Post-graduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Dayane P Luco
- Stem Cell Research Institute (Instituto de Pesquisa com Células-tronco), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90020-010, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil.,Stem Cell Research Institute (Instituto de Pesquisa com Células-tronco), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90020-010, Brazil
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17
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Human adipose-derived stromal cells as a feeder layer to improve keratinocyte expansion for clinical applications. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13770-015-0007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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18
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Comparison of the Matrix Synthesizing Abilities of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells and Fibroblasts. J Craniofac Surg 2015; 26:1246-50. [PMID: 26080167 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000001828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For facial soft tissue augmentation or wound coverage using tissue-engineering technology, cultured fibroblasts have been most commonly used as key cells and their properties have been extensively studied. Clinical strategies based on human cultured fibroblasts, however, require Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the facilities and the procedures used and time-consuming culture. Adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells may be a reliable alternative to fibroblasts because they are easily harvested by liposuction and do not require culture or FDA approval. No quantitative standard governing their use has, however, been issued. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively compare matrix-forming abilities of SVF cells and fibroblasts. Human dermal fibroblasts were obtained from the dermis of 10 healthy adults and cultured, and SVF cells were obtained from 10 patients who underwent liposuction. Monolayer and suspension cell cultures were performed using both cell types for 3 days. Cell proliferations, collagen synthesis levels, and glycosaminoglycan levels were compared using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, a collagen type I carboxy-terminal propeptide enzyme immunoassay, and the Blyscan Dye method, respectively. Cell proliferation ratios (fibroblasts versus SVF cells) in monolayer and suspension cultures were 1:0.75 and 1:0.99, respectively; collagen synthesis ratios in monolayer and suspension cultures were 1:0.50 and 1:0.52, respectively; and glycosaminoglycan production ratios were 1:0.70 and 1:0.74, respectively. The results of this in vitro study indicate that SVF cells have 50-74% of the matrix-forming ability of fibroblasts.
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19
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Hilmi ABM, Halim AS. Vital roles of stem cells and biomaterials in skin tissue engineering. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:428-436. [PMID: 25815126 PMCID: PMC4369498 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i2.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering essentially refers to technology for growing new human tissue and is distinct from regenerative medicine. Currently, pieces of skin are already being fabricated for clinical use and many other tissue types may be fabricated in the future. Tissue engineering was first defined in 1987 by the United States National Science Foundation which critically discussed the future targets of bioengineering research and its consequences. The principles of tissue engineering are to initiate cell cultures in vitro, grow them on scaffolds in situ and transplant the composite into a recipient in vivo. From the beginning, scaffolds have been necessary in tissue engineering applications. Regardless, the latest technology has redirected established approaches by omitting scaffolds. Currently, scientists from diverse research institutes are engineering skin without scaffolds. Due to their advantageous properties, stem cells have robustly transformed the tissue engineering field as part of an engineered bilayered skin substitute that will later be discussed in detail. Additionally, utilizing biomaterials or skin replacement products in skin tissue engineering as strategy to successfully direct cell proliferation and differentiation as well as to optimize the safety of handling during grafting is beneficial. This approach has also led to the cells’ application in developing the novel skin substitute that will be briefly explained in this review.
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20
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Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ASC): Their Efficacy in Clinical Applications. Regen Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-6542-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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21
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Spiekman M, Przybyt E, Plantinga JA, Gibbs S, van der Lei B, Harmsen MC. Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells inhibit TGF-β1-induced differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts and keloid scar-derived fibroblasts in a paracrine fashion. Plast Reconstr Surg 2014; 134:699-712. [PMID: 25357030 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000000504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells augment wound healing and skin regeneration. It is unknown whether and how they can also influence dermal scarring. The authors hypothesized that adipose tissue-derived stromal cells inhibit adverse differentiation of dermal fibroblasts induced by the pivotal factor in scarring, namely, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. METHODS TGF-β1-treated adult human dermal fibroblasts and keloid scar-derived fibroblasts were incubated with adipose tissue-derived stromal cell-conditioned medium and assessed for proliferation and differentiation, particularly the production of collagen, expression of SM22α, and development of hypertrophy and contractility. RESULTS TGF-β1-induced proliferation of adult human dermal fibroblasts was abolished by adipose tissue-derived stromal cell-conditioned medium. Simultaneously, the medium reduced SM22α gene and protein expression of TGF-β1-treated adult human dermal fibroblasts, and their contractility was reduced also. Furthermore, the medium strongly reduced transcription of collagen I and III genes and their corresponding proteins. In contrast, it tipped the balance of matrix turnover to degradation through stimulating gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-2, and MMP-14, whereas MMP-2 activity was up-regulated also. Even in end-stage myofibroblasts (i.e., keloid scar-derived fibroblasts), adipose tissue-derived stromal cell-conditioned medium suppressed TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast contraction and collagen III gene expression. CONCLUSION The authors show that adipose tissue-derived stromal cells inhibit TGF-β1-induced adverse differentiation and function of adult human dermal fibroblasts and TGF-β1-induced contraction in keloid scar-derived fibroblasts, in a paracrine fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroesjka Spiekman
- Groningen, Amsterdam, Heerenveen, and Zwolle, The Netherlands From the Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen; the Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Center; and Bergman Clinics Heerenveen and Zwolle
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22
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Klar AS, Güven S, Biedermann T, Luginbühl J, Böttcher-Haberzeth S, Meuli-Simmen C, Meuli M, Martin I, Scherberich A, Reichmann E. Tissue-engineered dermo-epidermal skin grafts prevascularized with adipose-derived cells. Biomaterials 2014; 35:5065-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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23
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Blackstone BN, Drexler JW, Powell HM. Tunable engineered skin mechanics via coaxial electrospun fiber core diameter. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:2746-55. [PMID: 24712409 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous engineered skin (ES) offers promise as a treatment for massive full thickness burns. Unfortunately, ES is orders of magnitude weaker than normal human skin causing it to be difficult to apply surgically and subject to damage by mechanical shear in the early phases of engraftment. In addition, no manufacturing strategy has been developed to tune ES biomechanics to approximate the native biomechanics at different anatomic locations. To enhance and tune ES biomechanics, a coaxial (CoA) electrospun scaffold platform was developed from polycaprolactone (PCL, core) and gelatin (shell). The ability of the coaxial fiber core diameter to control both scaffold and tissue mechanics was investigated along with the ability of the gelatin shell to facilitate cell adhesion and skin development compared to pure gelatin, pure PCL, and a gelatin-PCL blended fiber scaffold. CoA ES exhibited increased cellular adhesion and metabolism versus PCL alone or gelatin-PCL blend and promoted the development of well stratified skin with a dense dermal layer and a differentiated epidermal layer. Biomechanics of the scaffold and ES scaled linearly with core diameter suggesting that this scaffold platform could be utilized to tailor ES mechanics for their intended grafting site and reduce graft damage in vitro and in vivo.
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24
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Lu W, Ji K, Kirkham J, Yan Y, Boccaccini AR, Kellett M, Jin Y, Yang XB. Bone tissue engineering by using a combination of polymer/Bioglass composites with human adipose-derived stem cells. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 356:97-107. [PMID: 24408074 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1770-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Translational research in bone tissue engineering is essential for "bench to bedside" patient benefit. However, the ideal combination of stem cells and biomaterial scaffolds for bone repair/regeneration is still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the osteogenic capacity of a combination of poly(DL-lactic acid) (PDLLA) porous foams containing 5 wt% and 40 wt% of Bioglass particles with human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro and in vivo. Live/dead fluorescent markers, confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that PDLLA/Bioglass porous scaffolds supported ADSC attachment, growth and osteogenic differentiation, as confirmed by enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Higher Bioglass content of the PDLLA foams increased ALP activity compared with the PDLLA only group. Extracellular matrix deposition after 8 weeks in the in vitro cultures was evident by Alcian blue/Sirius red staining. In vivo bone formation was assessed by using scaffold/ADSC constructs in diffusion chambers transplanted intraperitoneally into nude mice and recovered after 8 weeks. Histological and immunohistochemical assays indicated significant new bone formation in the 40 wt% and 5 wt% Bioglass constructs compared with the PDLLA only group. Thus, the combination of a well-developed biodegradable bioactive porous PDLLA/Bioglass composite scaffold with a high-potential stem cell source (human ADSCs) could be a promising approach for bone regeneration in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
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25
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Adipose-derived stem cells seeded on acellular dermal matrix grafts enhance wound healing in a murine model of a full-thickness defect. Ann Plast Surg 2013; 69:656-62. [PMID: 23154338 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0b013e318273f909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The promotion of wound healing using dermal substitutes has become increasingly widespread, but the outcomes of substitute-assisted healing remain functionally deficient. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been investigated widely in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, and they have the potential to enhance wound healing. In this study, we focused on investigating the effects and mechanism of ASCs combined with an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) to treat full-thickness cutaneous wounds in a murine model. METHODS The ADM was prepared from the dorsal skin of nude mice by decellularization by treatment with trypsin followed by Triton X-100. The human ASCs were isolated and cultured from abdominal lipoaspirate. We created a rounded, 8-mm, full-thickness cutaneous wound in nude mice and divided the mice into the following 4 groups: silicon sheet cover only, silicon sheet with spreading ASCs, ADM only, and ASCs seeded on ADM. The granulation thickness was evaluated by histology after 7 days. Further comparisons between the ADM only and ASC-seeded ADM groups were undertaken by assessing the reepithelialization ratio and blood vessel density at postoperative days 9 and 14. Statistical analyses were conducted using Student 2-tailed t test. Immunofluorescent histology and ASC labeling were also performed to identify possible mechanisms. RESULTS The ADM was successfully prepared, and the cytometry analysis and differentiation assay provided the characterization of the human ASCs. A marked improvement in granulation thickness was detected in the ADM-ASC group in comparison with other 3 groups. A significantly increased rate of reepithelialization in the ADM-ASC group (80 ± 6%) compared to the ADM only group (60 ± 7%) was noted on postoperative day 9. The blood vessel density was evidently increased in the ADM-ASC group (7.79 ± 0.40 vessels per field) compared to the ADM only group (5.66 ± 0.23 vessels) on day 14. Cell tracking experiments demonstrated that labeled ASCs were colocalized with staining for VEGF or endothelial cell maker vWF after the transplantation of ADM-ASCs on postoperative day 14. CONCLUSIONS Adipose-derived stem cells seeded on an ADM can enhance wound healing, promote angiogenesis, and contribute to newly formed vasculature, and VEGF-expressing ASCs can be detected after transplantation. This model could be used to improve the other clinical applications of ASCs and to decipher the detailed mechanism by which ASCs interact with wound tissue.
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26
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Khosrotehrani K. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in skin: why and what for? Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:307-10. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiarash Khosrotehrani
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD Australia
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27
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Abstract
In 2001, researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, described the isolation of a new population of adult stem cells from liposuctioned adipose tissue. These stem cells, now known as adipose-derived stem cells or ADSCs, have gone on to become one of the most popular adult stem cells populations in the fields of stem cell research and regenerative medicine. As of today, thousands of research and clinical articles have been published using ASCs, describing their possible pluripotency in vitro, their uses in regenerative animal models, and their application to the clinic. This paper outlines the progress made in the ASC field since their initial description in 2001, describing their mesodermal, ectodermal, and endodermal potentials both in vitro and in vivo, their use in mediating inflammation and vascularization during tissue regeneration, and their potential for reprogramming into induced pluripotent cells.
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28
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Wu T, Xiong X, Zhang W, Zou H, Xie H, He S. Morphogenesis of Rete Ridges in Human Oral Mucosa: A Pioneering Morphological and Immunohistochemical Study. Cells Tissues Organs 2013; 197:239-48. [DOI: 10.1159/000342926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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29
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Adipose-derived stromal cells accelerate wound healing in an organotypic raft culture model. Ann Plast Surg 2012; 68:501-4. [PMID: 22510896 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0b013e31823b69fc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a known reservoir of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells, which can be manipulated in culture to produce cells with different phenotypes. The goal of this study was to determine whether the addition of these multipotential cells to organotypic, human skin equivalent cultures would accelerate wound healing after laser injury. For our initial studies, we were able to obtain 3-dimensional raft cultures from adult skin explanted directly onto the dermal equivalent containing human fibroblasts with or without adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs). Two days after laser injury, the raft cultures of skin explants that contained ADSCs had a completely healed multilayered epidermis, whereas the control raft culture without the adipose-derived cells still had areas of injury. With this encouraging outcome, these experiments were then repeated in a raft culture system initiated from dissociated primary adult human keratinocytes on the humanized dermal equivalent. Again, the cultures containing ADSCs healed faster than the control cultures. In conclusion, these data provide support to our hypothesis that ADSCs are an excellent and readily available source of factors necessary for accelerated wound healing and tissue regeneration.
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Ji K, Liu Y, Lu W, Yang F, Yu J, Wang X, Ma Q, Yang Z, Wen L, Xuan K. Periodontal tissue engineering with stem cells from the periodontal ligament of human retained deciduous teeth. J Periodontal Res 2012; 48:105-16. [PMID: 22881344 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2012.01509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Periodontal ligament stem cells from human permanent teeth (PePDLSCs) have been investigated extensively in periodontal tissue engineering and regeneration. However, little knowledge is available on the periodontal ligament stem cells from human retained deciduous teeth (DePDLSCs). This study evaluated the potential of DePDLSCs in periodontal tissue regeneration. MATERIAL AND METHODS DePDLSCs were isolated and purified by limited dilution. The characteristics of DePDLSCs were evaluated and compared with PePDLSCs both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS DePDLSCs presented a higher proliferation rate and colony-forming capacity than PePDLSCs in vitro. During the osteogenic induction, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralized matrix formation and expression of mineralization-related genes, including runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), ALP, collagen type I (COLI) and osteocalcin (OCN) were significantly enhanced in DePDLSCs compared with PePDLSCs. Furthermore, DePDLSC cell sheets showed a stronger synthesis of collagen type I in the extracellular matrix than did PePDLSC cell sheets. After in vivo transplantation, DePDLSC cell sheets recombined with human dentin blocks were able to generate new cementum/periodontal ligament-like tissues. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that DePDLSCs can be used as a promising candidate for periodontal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ji
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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