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Liu Y, Xu Z, Sun Y, Zhang B, Wang X, Ma L. Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy with novel mutations in CDH3 gene. Australas J Dermatol 2024; 65:91-94. [PMID: 37850495 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.14170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxiang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zigang Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujuan Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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2
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Leal-Rodríguez R, Barragán-Arévalo T, Pérez-Torres A, Giraldo-Gómez DM, Zenteno JC. Clinical, genetic, and electron microscopy of hair findings in a patient with CDH3 -related hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy. Clin Dysmorphol 2023; 32:62-64. [PMID: 36779776 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Leal-Rodríguez
- Retina Department, Instituto de Enfermedades y Cirugía Ocular (IECO), García Ginerés, Mérida Yucatán
| | | | | | | | - Juan Carlos Zenteno
- Genetics Department, Institute of Ophthalmology 'Conde de Valenciana'
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
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Al Zubi K, Mwafi N, Alrawashdeh HM, Al Sarireh F, Somkuwar A, Abdulmannan DM. The first reported case of CDH3-related hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy from Jordan: a case report. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:420-424. [PMID: 35038959 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2022.2028298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic variants in the Cadherin 3 (CDH3) gene are responsible for the occurrence of Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy (HJMD) and Ectodermal Dysplasia, Ectrodactyly and Macular Dystrophy Syndrome (EEMS), both of which are rare autosomal recessive disorders characterized by hypotrichosis and progressive macular dystrophy. The CDH3 gene encodes for P-cadherin, a calcium-binding protein that is essential for cell-cell adhesion, which is expressed in the retinal pigment epithelial cells and hair follicles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fundus examination of both eyes was done in addition to clinical investigation. Genomic DNA was extracted from a whole-blood sample and whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the underlying etiology.All identified variants were evaluated for their pathogenicity and causality. RESULTS We present the first case of HJMD in a 23-year-old female patient from Jordan. The patient presented to our ophthalmology clinic with poor vision in both eyes. Gross examination revealed sparse scalp hair along with macular dystrophy on fundus exam in both eyes. HJMD was suspected and whole-exome sequencing (WES) confirmed the diagnosis with the identification of a homozygous frameshift deletion (p.Gly277AlafsTer20) localised in exon 7 of the CDH3 gene. CONCLUSION Blindness due to progressive macular degeneration is a common manifestation in numerous syndromic recessive disorders such as HJMD. Ophthalmologists should consider the importance of systemic manifestations and genetic testing for the confirmation of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Al Zubi
- Special Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-karak, Jordan
| | - Nesrin Mwafi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-karak, Jordan
| | | | - Fawaz Al Sarireh
- Special Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-karak, Jordan
| | - Areej Somkuwar
- Ophthalmology Department, Al-Karak Governmental Hospital, Al-karak, Jordan
| | - Dina M Abdulmannan
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Yusuf IH, Garrett A, MacLaren RE, Issa PC. Retinal cadherins and the retinal cadherinopathies: Current concepts and future directions. Prog Retin Eye Res 2022; 90:101038. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2021.101038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Hayashi T, Katagiri S, Kubota D, Mizobuchi K, Ishiuji Y, Asahina A, Kameya S, Nakano T. The first Japanese family of CDH3-related hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1688. [PMID: 33837674 PMCID: PMC8222849 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by biallelic variants in the CDH3 gene encoding P-cadherin. Here, we report two Japanese sibling patients with HJMD. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify disease-causing variants. In addition, ophthalmic and dermatological examinations were performed to classify the phenotype of each patient. RESULTS The WES analysis revealed novel compound heterozygous CDH3 variants [c.123_129dupAGGCGCG (p.Glu44fsX26) and c.2280+1G>T] in both patients; the unaffected, nonconsanguineous parents each exhibited one of the variants. Both patients showed the same clinical findings. Ophthalmologically, they exhibited progressive loss of visual acuity and chorioretinal macular atrophy, as examined with fundoscopy, fundus autofluorescence imaging, and optical coherence tomography. Full-field electroretinography, assessing generalized retinal function, revealed nearly normal amplitudes of both rod- and cone-mediated responses. Multifocal electroretinography, reflecting macular function, showed extremely decreased responses in the central area, corresponding to the chorioretinal atrophy. Dermatological examination revealed diffuse thinning of the scalp hair, which was sparse and fragile. CONCLUSION This is the first report of Japanese patients with HJMD and novel compound heterozygous truncating variants in CDH3. Our findings can expand the knowledge and understanding of CDH3-related HJMD, which could be helpful to ophthalmologists and dermatologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Katsushika Medical Center, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Katagiri
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Kubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kei Mizobuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yozo Ishiuji
- Department of Dermatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Asahina
- Department of Dermatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kameya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Narayan A, Moosajee M. Sparse scalp hair and vision loss: think hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:12/10/e232342. [PMID: 31645385 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-232342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the diagnostic challenge of a female patient of Russian descent with autosomal recessive hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD). She presented to dermatology age one and a half years with sparse hair growth on her scalp, her parents were reassured this would grow, but it never manifested. She was found to be hypermetropic and prescribed glasses from age 2 but no retinal findings were noted. At age 23 years, the patient undertook an internet search and discovered the association of symptoms pointing towards HJMD. She sought genetic testing, revealing a homozygous missense mutation in Cadherin-3 (CDH3) gene. The patient presented to our Genetic Eye Disease Service at Moorfields Eye Hospital age 27 years, with reduced colour, central distance and near vision. Fundus examination and imaging confirmed atrophic macular changes. Currently, HJMD has no treatment, she wears a wig, UV-protected sunglasses in sunlight and maintains a healthy balanced diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Narayan
- Department of Medicine, University College London Medical School, London, UK
| | - Mariya Moosajee
- Paediatric Ophthalmology, Great Ormond Street Hospital For Children NHS Trust, London, UK
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Saeidian AH, Vahidnezhad H, Youssefian L, Sotudeh S, Sargazi M, Zeinali S, Uitto J. Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy: Combination of whole-genome sequencing and genome-wide homozygosity mapping identifies a large deletion in CDH3 initially undetected by whole-exome sequencing-A lesson from next-generation sequencing. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e975. [PMID: 31560841 PMCID: PMC6825862 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by abnormal growth of scalp hair and juvenile macular degeneration leading to blindness. We have explored the genetic basis of HJMD in a large consanguineous family with 12 affected patients, 1-76 years of age, with characteristic phenotypes. METHODS We first applied genome-wide homozygosity mapping to 10 affected individuals for linkage analysis to identify the genomic region of the defective gene. All affected individuals shared a 7.2 Mb region of homozygosity on chromosome 16q21-22.3, which harbored 298 genes, including CDH3, previously associated with HJMD. However, whole-exome sequencing (WES) failed to identify the causative mutation in CDH3. RESULTS Further investigation revealed a missense variant in a gene closely linked to CDH3 (1.4 Mb distance: FHOD1: c.1306A>G, p.Arg436Gly). This variant was homozygous in all affected individuals and heterozygous in 18 out of 19 obligate carriers. While this variant was found by bioinformatics predictions to be likely pathogenic, a knock-in mouse for this variant, made by the CRISPR/Cas, showed no disease phenotype. However, using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we were able to identify a novel Alu recombination-mediated deletion in CDH3:c.del161-811_246 + 1,044. CONCLUSION WGS was able to identify a deep intronic deletion mutation, not detected by WES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Saeidian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hassan Vahidnezhad
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Youssefian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Sotudeh
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Sargazi
- Alzahra Eye Hospital Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Sirous Zeinali
- Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Kawsar Human Genetics Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, and Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Ahmed A, Almohanna H, Griggs J, Tosti A. Genetic Hair Disorders: A Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2019; 9:421-448. [PMID: 31332722 PMCID: PMC6704196 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-019-0313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair loss in early childhood represents a broad differential diagnosis which can be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for a physician. It is important to consider the diagnosis of a genetic hair disorder. Genetic hair disorders are a large group of inherited disorders, many of which are rare. Genetic hair abnormalities in children can be an isolated phenomenon or part of genetic syndromes. Hair changes may be a significant finding or even the initial presentation of a syndrome giving a clue to the diagnosis, such as Netherton syndrome and trichothiodystrophy. Detailed history including family history and physical examination of hair and other ectodermal structures such as nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands with the use of dermoscopic devices and biopsy all provide important clues to establish the correct diagnosis. Understanding the pathophysiology of genetic hair defects will allow for better comprehension of their treatment and prognosis. For example, in patients with an isolated hair defect, the main problem is aesthetic. In contrast, when the hair defect is associated with a syndrome, the prognosis will depend mainly on the associated condition. Treatment of many genetic hair disorders is focused on treating the primary cause and minimizing trauma to the hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar Ahmed
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahad General Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Hind Almohanna
- Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jacob Griggs
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Antonella Tosti
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
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Fan KC, Patel NA, Yannuzzi NA, Prakhunhungsit S, Negron CI, Basora E, Colin AA, Tekin M, Berrocal AM. A unique case of vision loss in a patient with hypotrichosis and juvenile macular dystrophy and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2019; 15:100486. [PMID: 31431935 PMCID: PMC6579934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2019.100486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We describe a unique case of CDH3-related hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) and DNAH5-related primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) with progressive vision loss in a young Indian female without positive family history. Both mutations in this patient have not been previously described in the literature. Observations An 11-year-old girl of Indian descent from a consanguineous family presented to our clinic with poor central visual acuity, recurrent sinopulmonary infections, hypotrichosis, and gradual hearing loss. Fundus examination was significant for atrophic retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) changes involving both the macula and periphery of both eyes with central foveal hypoautofluorescence. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrated RPE loss and significant disruption of the ellipsoid layer in both eyes. Full-field electrophysiology tests on initial presentation demonstrated low cone amplitude reduced to <70% of normal range without prolongation. OCT angiography of the RPE and choriocapillaris demonstrated possible flow voids in the central macular region of both eyes. Genetic testing showed that the proband was homozygous for variants CDH3 c.1660A > C; p. Thr554Pro and DNAH5 c.6688-1G>T. Conclusion and Importance: We report two novel variants in the CDH3 and DNAH5 genes that are important for future mutational analysis of both HJMD and PCD respectively. A relationship between the cadherin protein dysfunction in CDH3 mutations and the ciliopathy of DNAH5 mutations has not been established. HJMD is known to cause a longitudinal deterioration of cone and rod mediated function, therefore recognizing the symptoms, visual impairment, physical examination, and photographic and electrophysiological findings is crucial in counseling the patient, the family, and fellow clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth C Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 900 NW 17th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Nimesh A Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 900 NW 17th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Nicolas A Yannuzzi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 900 NW 17th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Supalert Prakhunhungsit
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 900 NW 17th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Catherin I Negron
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 900 NW 17th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Elisa Basora
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-9063, USA
| | - Andrew A Colin
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1580 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Mustafa Tekin
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Audina M Berrocal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 900 NW 17th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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Nasser F, Mulahasanovic L, Alkhateeb M, Biskup S, Stingl K, Zrenner E. Hypotrichosis with cone-rod dystrophy in a patient with cadherin 3 (CDH3) mutation. Doc Ophthalmol 2019; 138:153-160. [PMID: 30710256 DOI: 10.1007/s10633-019-09675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate a very rare case of hypotrichosis with cone-rod dystrophy caused by a P-cadherin CDH3 mutation. METHODS A 16-year-old Syrian girl was examined at age 9 and 14 years with an ophthalmological examination, fundus imaging, OCT and electrophysiological recordings (ERG and PERG). A disease-targeted gene panel sequencing was performed. RESULTS Fundus images showed pigmentations at the posterior eye pole to the mid periphery, as well as vessel tortuosity. OCT images revealed a loss of the outer retinal segments and IS/OS in the central macula. The scotopic and photopic ERGs showed moderately reduced amplitudes at age 9 years that became severely reduced at age of 14 years. The PERG was undetectable at age 9 years. In color vision testing, protan-deutan confusion errors occurred. Gene panel analysis revealed one homozygous mutation in CDH3 (c.1508G>A; p.Arg503His). CONCLUSION This case shows that a CDH3 mutation besides macula dystrophy can cause widespread cone-rod dystrophy with hypotrichosis without any other pathology besides hypoplastic nails. This points to a common pathway of hair growth and photoreceptor development that can be disturbed by a CDH3 mutation (c.1508G>A; p.Arg503His) located in the EC4 repeat region of the gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nasser
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn Strasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - L Mulahasanovic
- Praxis for Human Genetics, Tübingen, Germany.,CeGaT GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Alkhateeb
- Eye and Ear Specialty Hospital, Damascus, Syria
| | - S Biskup
- Praxis for Human Genetics, Tübingen, Germany.,CeGaT GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | - K Stingl
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn Strasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - E Zrenner
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn Strasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Center for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
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11
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CDH3 gene related hypotrichosis and juvenile macular dystrophy - A case with a novel mutation. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2017; 7:129-133. [PMID: 29260097 PMCID: PMC5722150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose CDH3-related hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) is an autosomal-recessive entity characterized by congenital sparse scalp hair and macular dystrophy, leading to severe central visual loss. We report a family with HJMD caused by a novel CDH3 gene mutation and review the mutation spectrum in HJMD. A detailed phenotypic assessment for patients whose molecular results were reported previously is also summarized. Observations We present a 13-year-old Turkish girl who experienced gradual bilateral visual deterioration with marked hair loss. Hair-pull test results and scalp skin texture were normal. The eyebrows and eyelashes were normal, and no abnormality in the teeth, nails, or limbs was detected. Fundus examination revealed bilateral ring-shaped atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium with patchy intraretinal pigment clumping at the posterior pole. DNA sequencing analysis detected a novel homozygous deletion (c.447_467del (p.149_156del)) in exon 5 of the CDH3 gene of the patient. Both healthy parents and an older brother were heterozygous for the mutation. Conclusions and importance This case of HJMD was related to a novel homozygous mutation, termed c.447_467del (p.149_156del). These findings have significance for the future mutational analysis and genetic counseling of families with HJMD, particularly in our region. The presence of sparse hair in childhood, with or without limb anomalies, should alert clinicians to request an eye consultation. Pediatricians, dermatologists, and ophthalmologists should be aware of the rarely seen entity of juvenile macular dystrophy with hypotrichosis.
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12
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Blanco-Kelly F, Rodrigues-Jacy da Silva L, Sanchez-Navarro I, Riveiro-Alvarez R, Lopez-Martinez MA, Corton M, Ayuso C. New CDH3 mutation in the first Spanish case of hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy, a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:1. [PMID: 28061825 PMCID: PMC5219735 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-016-0364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background CDH3 on 16q22.1 is responsible for two rare autosomal recessive disorders with hypotrichosis and progressive macular dystrophy: Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy and Ectodermal Dysplasia, Ectrodactyly and Macular Dystrophy. We present a new case of Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy. Case presentation A Spanish male born in 1998 from non-consanguineous healthy parents with a suspected diagnosis of Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans and Retinitis Pigmentosa Inversa referred to our Genetics Department (IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz). Molecular study of ABCA4 was performed, and a heterozygous missense p.Val2050Leu variant in ABCA4 was found. Clinical revision reclassified this patient as Hypotrichosis with Juvenile Macular Dystrophy. Therefore, further CDH3 sequencing was performed showing a novel maternal missense change p.Val205Met (probably pathogenic by in silico analysis), and a previously reported paternal frameshift c.830del;p.Gly277Alafs*20, thus supporting the clinical diagnosis.. Conclusions This is not only the first Spanish case with this clinical and molecular diagnosis, but a new mutation has been described in CDH3. Moreover, this work reflects the importance of joint assessment of clinical signs and evaluation of pedigree for a correct genetic study approach and diagnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Blanco-Kelly
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luciana Rodrigues-Jacy da Silva
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iker Sanchez-Navarro
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Riveiro-Alvarez
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Lopez-Martinez
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Corton
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Department of Medical Genetics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz, (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto Carlos IIII (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Genomics and Genetics, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Av. Reyes Católicos n° 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Khan AO, Bolz HJ. Phenotypic observations in "hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy" (recessive CDH3 mutations). Ophthalmic Genet 2016; 37:301-6. [PMID: 26885695 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2015.1071411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recessive mutations in CDH3 cause "hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy," typically recognized by the presence of prominent dermatological features. We report novel phenotypic observations and associated mutations in four patients from three families, including one who did not have frank hypotrichosis. METHODS Retrospective case series (2010-2014). RESULTS Four affected individuals from three consanguineous Arabian families were identified. All four subjects (two sisters and two unrelated males; 5, 13, 17, and 26 years old) had homozygous recessive CDH3 mutations not previously associated with the condition (c.307C>T; p.R103 in two sisters, c.1859_1862delCTCT in both unrelated males). Symptomatic visual loss was since birth or early childhood. One male subject did not have frank hypotrichosis, but review of symptoms revealed relatively slow hair growth and an inability to conceive children. None had dental or digital findings, although one female noted slow nail growth. All had a circumscribed central maculopathy with borders that did not respect posterior pole horizontal arterioles (typically extending beyond the major arcades) and associated with polygonal pigment clumping. Recognition of this pattern led us to suspect the diagnosis in the male without frank hypotrichosis. Retinal dysfunction was cone-rod (rather than macular only) by ERG in one patient, who developed severe central macular atrophy and a macular hole. CONCLUSIONS Ophthalmologists should consider the diagnosis of CDH3-related retinopathy in individuals with such clinical features whether or not there is frank hypotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif O Khan
- a Eye Institute , Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates.,b Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology , King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanno J Bolz
- b Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology , King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.,c Center for Human Genetics, Bioscientia , Ingelheim , Germany.,d Institute of Human Genetics , University Hospital of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
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14
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Vieira AF, Paredes J. P-cadherin and the journey to cancer metastasis. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:178. [PMID: 26438065 PMCID: PMC4595126 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
P-cadherin is a classical cell-to-cell adhesion molecule with a homeostatic function in several normal tissues. However, its behaviour in the malignant setting is notably dependent on the cellular context. In some tumour models, such as melanoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma, P-cadherin acts as a tumour suppressor, since its absence is associated with a more aggressive cancer cell phenotype; nevertheless, the overexpression of this molecule is linked to significant tumour promoting effects in the breast, ovarian, prostate, endometrial, skin, gastric, pancreas and colon neoplasms. Herein, we review the role of P-cadherin in cancer cell invasion, as well as in loco-regional and distant metastatic dissemination. We focus in P-cadherin signalling pathways that are activated to induce invasion and metastasis, as well as cancer stem cell properties. The signalling network downstream of P-cadherin is notably dependent on the cellular and tissue context and includes the activation of integrin molecules, receptor tyrosine kinases, small molecule GTPases, EMT transcription factors, and crosstalk with other cadherin family members. As new oncogenic molecular pathways mediated by P-cadherin are uncovered, putative therapeutic options can be tested, which will allow for the targeting of invasion or metastatic disease, depending on the tumour model.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Filipe Vieira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, N. 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Paredes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho, N. 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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15
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Samuelov L, Sprecher E, Paus R. The role of P-cadherin in skin biology and skin pathology: lessons from the hair follicle. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 360:761-71. [PMID: 25707507 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adherens junctions (AJs) are one of the major intercellular junctions in various epithelia including the epidermis and the follicular epithelium. AJs connect the cell surface to the actin cytoskeleton and comprise classic transmembrane cadherins, such as P-cadherin, armadillo family proteins, and actin microfilaments. Loss-of-function mutations in CDH3, which encodes P-cadherin, result in two allelic autosomal recessive disorders: hypotrichosis with juvenile macular dystrophy (HJMD) and ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly, and macular dystrophy (EEM) syndromes. Both syndromes feature sparse hair heralding progressive macular dystrophy. EEM syndrome is characterized in addition by ectodermal and limb defects. Recent studies have demonstrated that, together with its involvement in cell-cell adhesion, P-cadherin plays a crucial role in regulating cell signaling, malignant transformation, and other major intercellular processes. Here, we review the roles of P-cadherin in skin and hair biology, with emphasize on human hair growth, cycling and pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Samuelov
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv, 64239, Israel,
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Gurrieri F, Everman DB. Clinical, genetic, and molecular aspects of split-hand/foot malformation: an update. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:2860-72. [PMID: 24115638 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We here provide an update on the clinical, genetic, and molecular aspects of split-hand/foot malformation (SHFM). This rare condition, affecting 1 in 8,500-25,000 newborns, is extremely complex because of its variability in clinical presentation, irregularities in its inheritance pattern, and the heterogeneity of molecular genetic alterations that can be found in affected individuals. Both syndromal and nonsyndromal forms are reviewed and the major molecular genetic alterations thus far reported in association with SHFM are discussed. This updated overview should be helpful for clinicians in their efforts to make an appropriate clinical and genetic diagnosis, provide an accurate recurrence risk assessment, and formulate a management plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Gurrieri
- Istituto di Genetica Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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