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Akhtar U, Naeem H, Fida S, Wahab QMF. Incidental Finding of Atrial Myxoma in a Patient Presenting With Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e61082. [PMID: 38919224 PMCID: PMC11196853 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial myxomas are benign primary cardiac tumors. They can present with nonspecific symptoms, ranging from constitutional symptoms and embolic phenomena such as transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or strokes to sudden cardiac death. Early diagnosis may be a challenge due to the nonspecific presentation of atrial myxoma. A high degree of suspicion is needed in patients with TIA having no known cardiovascular risk factors. Although benign, if left untreated, it can lead to serious complications ranging from embolic phenomena and obstructive symptoms to sudden cardiac death. An echocardiogram is of fundamental importance in diagnosing atrial myxoma, and surgical resection is the ultimate treatment of choice. Here, we discuss a case of TIA as the initial presentation of atrial myxoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujala Akhtar
- Cardiac Surgery, Rehman Medical Institue, Peshawar, PAK
| | - Hamid Naeem
- Cardiac Surgery, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, PAK
| | - Sanam Fida
- Cardiac Surgery, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, PAK
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Struchkov VY, Burmistrov AI, Dvukhzhilov MV, Gasanguseinov MG, Malyshenko ES, Markov PV, Revishvili AS. [Synchronous left atrial myxoma and gastric cancer: a case report]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2023:99-103. [PMID: 38010023 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia202311199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The authors present a 57-year-old patient with synchronous left atrial myxoma and gastric cancer undergoing staged treatment. Distal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy at the first stage was followed by resection of the left atrial myxoma after 22 days. Postoperative period was uneventful after both interventions. The follow-up examination revealed favorable clinical status and no cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Yu Struchkov
- Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Burmistrov
- Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Dvukhzhilov
- Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - M G Gasanguseinov
- Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - E S Malyshenko
- Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - P V Markov
- Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Sh Revishvili
- Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
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Jolobe OMP. The Role of Point-of-Care Echocardiography in the Young Patient With Stroke. J Emerg Med 2022; 62:572-574. [PMID: 35065868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2021.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Shabab S, Erfanzadeh M, Ahmadian S, Mahmoudabady M, Mazloum N. A case report of left atrial myxoma presenting with amnesia. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:225. [PMID: 33932989 PMCID: PMC8088308 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary cardiac tumors are rare, and approximately 90% of them are benign. Myxoma is the most common type of these tumors occurring in the left atrium in 75-85% of cases. The tumor can cause the left atrio-ventricular valve obstruction and embolization phenomenon. Case presentation We reported a case of 54-year-old man with complaints of dyspenea and amnesia. In our patient, transthoracic echocardiography revealed a mass of 28*63 mm attached to the upper intra-atrial septum, which was prolapsing through the mitral valve into the left ventricle during diastole, being indicative of the left atrial myxoma. On examination, he was alert and conversant, and no pathological abnormality was observed in the examination of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, hepatic, renal and nervous systems. After myxoma diagnosis, the tumor was removed under cardiac surgery and discharged under good conditions. In the telephone follow-up after discharge, the patient recovered and did not report the disease and surgery complications. CONCLUSIONS Patients with cardiac myxoma are usually asymptomatic, but they may have manifestations related to the embolism phenomenon or intracardiac obstruction. Therefore, myxoma may represent an emergency. Surgery should be performed as soon as possible. If surgery is delayed, the patient may suffer from serious and irreversible complications, such as stroke and cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Shabab
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | | - Maryam Mahmoudabady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Naser Mazloum
- Department of Cardiology, Samen Hospital, Mashhad, Iran
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Esmaeili S, Shojaei SF, Bahadori M, Mojtahed M, Mehrpour M. Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke Due to Cardiac Myxoma. Basic Clin Neurosci 2020; 11:855-859. [PMID: 33850622 PMCID: PMC8019853 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.11.6.1844.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Myxoma may cause systemic embolization and frequently presents as ischemic stroke. Case Presentation: There have been debates about whether it is safe to use recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in patients with cardiac myxoma who referred with ischemic stroke to the hospital’s emergency. Results: The patient was a young case of atrial myxoma with initial presentation of acute cerebral infarction symptoms who was treated with intravenous rt-PA with no complications. Conclusion: The case provides an evidence of the efficacy and safety of intravenous rt-PA in cases of cardiac myxoma. However, we cannot always expect thrombolytic therapy to be effective, especially in tumor emboli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Esmaeili
- Department of Neurology, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Firoozgar Hospital, Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Fahimeh Shojaei
- Firoozgar Clinical Research and Development Center (FCRDC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bahadori
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mojtahed
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mehrpour
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shrestha S, Raut A, Jayswal A, Yadav RS, Poudel CM. Atrial myxoma with cerebellar signs: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2020; 14:29. [PMID: 32051024 PMCID: PMC7017557 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-020-2356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atrial myxoma remains a rare clinical entity with an incidence of surgically resected cases of 0.5–0.7 per million population and prevalence of < 5 per 10,000. It typically manifests in woman after third decade of life; symptoms vary greatly and may present with arrhythmia, intracardiac flow obstruction, embolic phenomenon, and associated constitutional symptoms. Neurological complications associated with atrial myxoma most frequently include cerebral infarct due to embolus. Cerebellar involvement is very rare and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Case presentation A 55-year-old Brahmin man with no history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, presented with complaints of dizziness, headache, vomiting, double vision, and unsteadiness of gait for 2 weeks. His headache was sudden in onset, of a pulsating type and localized on left temporal side. Vomiting was projectile and bilious. Double vision was present in all directions of gaze and he had uncoordinated movement of his body and tilting to the left side. On examination, his cerebellar functions were impaired. He was thoroughly investigated for the cause of stroke after abnormal magnetic resonance imaging results with normal computed tomography angiography of his brain. Echocardiography and computed tomography of his chest showed a mass attached to intra-atrial septum and prolapsing through mitral valve, which was suggestive of left atrial myxoma. Five days following admission, he developed abdominal pain due to thromboembolism causing splenic and renal infarct. Conclusion Although rare, atrial myxoma has to be considered a cause of stroke and other embolic phenomenon causing multiorgan infarctions. Early and timely diagnosis of the condition can prevent further recurrence and inappropriate anticoagulant therapy. It would be pertinent to have echocardiography done in patients who present with a stroke, arrhythmias, and other constitutional symptoms. The tumor once detected must be removed surgically as early as possible, which not only reduces serious thromboembolic complications but can be potentially curative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Shrestha
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Akash Raut
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Amar Jayswal
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Dong M, Ge Y, Li J, Fu K, Zhang L, Teng W, Tian L. Intravenous thrombolysis for pure pontine infarcts caused by cardiac myxoma: a case report and literature review. Int J Neurosci 2019; 130:635-641. [PMID: 31818173 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1702537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Cardiac myxoma (CM) is a rare but important cause of ischemic stroke, and typically involves the middle cerebral artery and rarely affects the brainstem only. The safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) for CM-related acute cerebral embolism are not clear.Methods: We report a case of a 55-year-old woman who suffered a CM-related acute cerebral embolism presented with pure pontine infarcts and achieved a favorable prognosis by IVT with urokinase. We summarized the clinical data of this entity and performed a literature review of 21 previous reports of patients with CM-related acute cerebral embolism who were treated with IVT.Results: In combination with previous reports, we found that the majority of patients (81.8%) obtained improvements in symptoms after IVT, including 63.6% in remarkable clinical improvement. The total rate of IVT-induced intracerebral hemorrhage was 22.7% and all occurred within 36 h, including hemorrhagic infarction type 1 (4.5%) and parenchymal hematoma type 2 (18.2%). Most of the cases had relatively good outcomes and no case died due to IVT.Conclusion: Taken together, our findings support the use of IVT as an effective and safe tool for the ultra-early treatment of CM-related acute phase ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Dong
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Yusong Ge
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinwei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kailei Fu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiyu Teng
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Díaz Díaz A, Muñoz García A, Pinar Sedeño G, García Rodríguez J. Intravenous fibrinolysis for acute ischaemic stroke associated with left atrial myxoma: A case report. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Díaz Díaz A, García AM, Sedeño GP, García Rodríguez J. Tratamiento fibrinolítico intravenoso en el manejo del ictus isquémico agudo asociado a mixoma auricular izquierdo: a propósito de un caso. Neurologia 2018; 33:267-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Small, smooth, nonmobile cardiac myxoma detected by transesophageal echocardiography following recurrent cerebral infarction: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2017; 11:131. [PMID: 28486992 PMCID: PMC5424306 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-017-1298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac myxoma is known to cause repeated events of cerebral embolism. Soft and irregularly shaped myxomas with high mobility are associated with a higher occurrence of cerebral embolism. In contrast, nonmobile cardiac myxomas with a round regular shape are rarely considered to be a cause of cerebral embolism. In this case, we present a patient with recurrent cerebral embolism associated with a small and nonmobile cardiac myxoma of round regular shape. Case presentation A 76-year-old Japanese man presented to our hospital with weakness in his right upper extremity. He had a history of right frontal lobe infarction in the previous month. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed an area of hyperintensity in the left precentral gyrus, indicating acute cerebral infarction. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed normal left ventricular function and no abnormalities. However, transesophageal echocardiography showed a small and nonmobile left atrial tumor with round regular shape attached to the ostium secundum of the atrial septum. Based on these findings, we diagnosed recurrent cerebral infarction due to embolization caused by left atrial myxoma, and cardiac tumor extraction was performed on hospitalization day 36. The excised tumor measured 0.6 × 0.6 × 0.5 cm and was diagnosed as cardiac myxoma by histologic examination. Conclusions Even small and nonmobile cardiac myxomas with a round regular shape may cause recurrent cerebral infarction. The diagnosis of this type of atrial myxoma is elusive and transesophageal echocardiography was an effective method of detection. In a clinical situation, this type of cardiac myxoma may be overlooked as a cause of cerebral infarction.
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11
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Ikeda T, Oomura M, Sato C, Anan C, Yamada K, Kamimoto K. [Cerebral infarction due to cardiac myxoma developed with the loss of consciousness immediately after defecation-a case report]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2016; 56:328-333. [PMID: 27151226 DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-000856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A 74-year-old man lost consciousness immediately after defecation. The loss of consciousness lasted for several minutes, and he experienced difficulty in walking when he regained consciousness. He was transferred to our hospital via an ambulance. Upon neurological examination, nystagmus and ataxia in the left arm and leg were noted. An MRI of the brain revealed multiple acute infarcts mainly in the bilateral cerebellum. Intravenous thrombolytic therapy with alteplase was initiated 3 h and 20 min after the onset of symptoms, and an improvement in neurological symptoms was observed. Echocardiography displayed a mobile mass in the left atrium, suggesting myxoma. After 14 days from the onset of symptoms, the tumor was surgically resected, and a pathological diagnosis of myxoma was established. Because of the unique event surrounding the onset in this case, we considered that there was a potential detachment of myxoma and/or thrombi fragments triggered by an increase in intrathoracic pressure induced by the action of defecation. This present case suggests that clinicians should consider cardiac myxoma in patients with cerebral infarction if the stroke is preceded by a Valsalva maneuver-like action and accompanied by the loss of consciousness.
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12
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Yuan SM, Humuruola G. Stroke of a cardiac myxoma origin. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2016; 30:225-34. [PMID: 26107455 PMCID: PMC4462969 DOI: 10.5935/1678-9741.20150022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The clinical features of cardiac myxoma stroke have not been sufficiently
described. Debates remain concerning the options and timing of treatment and
the clinical outcomes are unknown. This article aims to highlight the
pertinent aspects of this rare condition. Methods Data source of the present study came from a comprehensive literature
collection of cardiac myxoma stroke in PubMed, Google search engine and
Highwire Press for the year range 2000-2014. Results Young adults, female predominance, single cerebral vessel (mostly the middle
cerebral artery), multiple territory involvements and solitary left atrial
myxoma constituted the outstanding characteristics of this patient setting.
The most common affected cerebral vessel (the middle cerebral artery) and
areas (the basal ganglion, cerebellum and parietal and temporal regions)
corresponded well to the common manifestations of this patient setting, such
as conscious alteration, ataxia, hemiparesis and hemiplegia, aphasia and
dysarthria. Initial computed tomography scan carried a higher false negative
rate for the diagnosis of cerebral infarction than magnetic resonance
imaging did. A delayed surgical resection of cardiac myxoma was associated
with an increased risk of potential consequences in particular otherwise
arterial embolism. The mortality rate of this patient population was
15.3%. Conclusion Cardiac myxoma stroke is rare. Often does it affect young females. For an
improved diagnostic accuracy, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and
echocardiography are imperative for young stroke patients in identifying the
cerebral infarct and determining the stroke of a cardiac origin. Immediate
thrombolytic therapy may completely resolve the cerebral stroke and improve
the neurologic function of the patients. An early surgical resection of
cardiac myxoma is recommended in patients with not large territory cerebral
infarct.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gulimila Humuruola
- Department of Internal Medicine, People's Hospital of Jimunai County, China
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Ryu B, Ishikawa T, Sato S, Yokote A, Nakamoto H, Nie M, Okada Y. Mechanical Endovascular Recanalization in a Patient with Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion by Tumorous Emboli Originating from Cardiac Myxoma. NMC Case Rep J 2015; 2:53-56. [PMID: 28663964 PMCID: PMC5364909 DOI: 10.2176/nmccrj.2014-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac tumor is a rare cause of cerebral embolic infarction which has no established therapeutic strategies. Although some cases were successfully treated by recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (rt-PA), this article indicates the effectiveness of emergency mechanical thrombectomy for tumorous type of emboli which do not respond to rt-PA. A 34-year-old man presented with ischemic stroke and right middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion by cardiac tumor originating emboli. Intravenous rt-PA therapy was ineffective, but mechanical endovascular thrombectomy using Merci Retriever was successful. His neurological deficit began to improve and good outcome was obtained at discharge. The embolus was histologically identical to a cardiac myxoma, confirmed and treated successfully by surgery later. We report the first successfully treated tumorous embolic stroke case with cardiac tumor by using Merci Retriever. Emergency mechanical thrombectomy would be an option for elastic hard myxoma emboli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikei Ryu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo.,Department of Neurosurgery, Ebina General Hospital, Ebina, Kanagawa
| | - Tatsuya Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo
| | - Shinsuke Sato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo
| | - Akiyoshi Yokote
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ebina General Hospital, Ebina, Kanagawa
| | | | - Masaki Nie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ebina General Hospital, Ebina, Kanagawa
| | - Yoshikazu Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo
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Ryu B, Ishikawa T, Sato S, Yokote A, Nakamoto H, Nie M, Okada Y. Mechanical Endovascular Recanalization in a Patient with Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion by Tumorous Emboli Originating from Cardiac Myxoma. NMC Case Rep J 2015. [DOI: 10.2176/nmccrj.cr.2014-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bikei Ryu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ebina General Hospital
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
| | | | - Shinsuke Sato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
| | | | | | - Masaki Nie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ebina General Hospital
| | - Yoshikazu Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
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Kamiya Y, Ichikawa H, Mizuma K, Itaya K, Shimizu Y, Kawamura M. A case of acute ischemic stroke due to cardiac myxoma treated by intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2014; 54:502-6. [PMID: 24990835 DOI: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.54.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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16
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Roeltgen D, Kidwell CS. Neurologic complications of cardiac tumors. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2014; 119:209-22. [PMID: 24365298 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-4086-3.00015-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac tumors are an uncommon cause for neurologic disease, but if undiagnosed can be associated with devastating neurologic consequences. Primary cardiac tumors, both benign and neoplastic, and metastatic tumors occur. Primary cardiac tumors are more likely to be associated with neurologic embolic complications. Metastatic cardiac tumors are more likely to be associated with valvular distraction, arrhythmia, diminished cardiac output and indirect neurological dysfunction. Primary and metastatic cardiac tumors may result in cerebral metastatic disease. Atrial myxoma, a benign primary cardiac tumor, is the most common cardiac tumor associated with neurologic disease, and most commonly causes cerebral embolization and stroke. The use of thrombolytic therapy for these strokes is controversial. Additionally, delayed manifestations, including aneurysm formation and intracranial hemorrhage, are possible. Aneurysm formation has been described as occurring after removal of the primary tumor. The availability of noninvasive cardiac imaging has significantly helped decrease the neurologic morbidity of cardiac tumors and has led to frequent successful intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Roeltgen
- Cape Physicians Associates, Cape May Court House, NJ, USA.
| | - Chelsea S Kidwell
- Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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