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Paul Owens E, Grania Healy H, Andrew Vesey D, Elizabeth Hoy W, Carolyn Gobe G. Targeted biomarkers of progression in chronic kidney disease. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 536:18-28. [PMID: 36041551 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly significant health issue worldwide. Early stages of CKD can be asymptomatic and disease trajectory difficult to predict. Not everyone with CKD progresses to kidney failure, where kidney replacement therapy is the only life-sustaining therapy. Predicting which patients will progress to kidney failure would allow better use of targeted treatments and more effective allocation of health resources. Current diagnostic tests to identify patients with progressive disease perform poorly but there is a suite of new and emerging predictive biomarkers with great clinical promise. METHODS This narrative review describes new and emerging biomarkers of pathophysiologic processes of CKD development and progression, accessible in blood or urine liquid biopsies. Biomarkers were selected based on their reported pathobiological functions in kidney injury, inflammation, oxidative stress, repair and fibrosis. Biomarker function and evidence of involvement in CKD development and progression are reported. CONCLUSION Many biomarkers reviewed here have received little attention to date, perhaps because of conflicting conclusions of their utility in CKD. The functional roles of the selected biomarkers in the underlying pathobiology of progression of CKD are a powerful rationale for advancing and validating these molecules as prognosticators and predictors of CKD trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Paul Owens
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | - Helen Grania Healy
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Australia
| | - David Andrew Vesey
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Wendy Elizabeth Hoy
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Centre for Chronic Disease, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Glenda Carolyn Gobe
- NHMRC CKD CRE (CKD.QLD), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia.
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Mehmood A, Althobaiti F, Zhao L, Usman M, Chen X, Alharthi F, Soliman MM, Shah AA, Murtaza MA, Nadeem M, Ranjha MMAN, Wang C. Anti-inflammatory potential of stevia residue extract against uric acid-associated renal injury in mice. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14286. [PMID: 35929489 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal uric acid level result in the development of hyperuricemia and hallmark of various diseases, including renal injury, gout, cardiovascular disorders, and non-alcoholic fatty liver. This study was designed to explore the anti-inflammatory potential of stevia residue extract (STR) against hyperuricemia-associated renal injury in mice. The results revealed that STR at dosages of 150 and 300 mg/kg bw and allopurinol markedly modulated serum uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine in hyperuricemic mice. Serum and renal cytokine levels (IL-18, IL-6, IL-1Β, and TNF-α) were also restored by STR treatments. Furthermore, mRNA and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis revealed that STR ameliorates UA (uric acid)-associated renal inflammation, fibrosis, and EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) via MMPS (matrix metalloproteinases), inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 activation by the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway and modulating the JAK2-STAT3 and Nrf2 signaling pathways. In summary, the present study provided experimental evidence that STR is an ideal candidate for the treatment of hyperuricemia-mediated renal inflammation. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The higher uric acid results in hyperuricemia and gout. The available options for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout are the use of allopurinol, and colchicine drugs, etc. These drugs possess several undesirable side effect. The polyphenolic compounds are abundantly present in plants, for example, stevia residue extract (STR) exert a positive effect on human health. From this study results, we can recommend that polyphenolic compounds enrich STR could be applied to develop treatment options for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Chemical Technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Fayez Althobaiti
- Biotechnology Department, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lei Zhao
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Chemical Technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Chemical Technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Xiumin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fahad Alharthi
- Biological Department, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Abbas Shah
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mian Anjum Murtaza
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Chemical Technology, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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Da Silva Lodge M, Pullen N, Pereira M, Johnson TS. Urinary levels of pro-fibrotic transglutaminase 2 (TG2) may help predict progression of chronic kidney disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262104. [PMID: 35041708 PMCID: PMC8765645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal clinical chemistry only detects kidney dysfunction after considerable damage has occurred and is imperfect in predicting long term outcomes. Consequently, more sensitive markers of early damage and better predictors of progression are being urgently sought, to better support clinical decisions and support shorter clinical trials. Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is strongly implicated in the fibrotic remodeling that drives chronic kidney disease (CKD). We hypothesized that urinary TG2 and its ε-(γ-glutamyl)-lysine crosslink product could be useful biomarkers of kidney fibrosis and progression. Animal models: a rat 4-month 5/6th subtotal nephrectomy model of CKD and a rat 8-month streptozotocin model of diabetic kidney disease had 24-hour collection of urine, made using a metabolic cage, at regular periods throughout disease development. Patients: Urine samples from patients with CKD (n = 290) and healthy volunteers (n = 33) were collected prospectively, and progression tracked for 3 years. An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) loss of 2–5 mL/min/year was considered progressive, with rapid progression defined as > 5 mL/min/year. Assays: TG2 was measured in human and rat urine samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and ε-(γ-glutamyl)-lysine by exhaustive proteolytic digestion and amino acid analysis. Urinary TG2 and ε-(γ-glutamyl)-lysine increased with the development of fibrosis in both animal model systems. Urinary TG2 was 41-fold higher in patients with CKD than HVs, with levels elevated 17-fold by CKD stage 2. The urinary TG2:creatinine ratio (UTCR) was 9 ng/mmol in HV compared with 114 ng/mmol in non-progressive CKD, 1244 ng/mmol in progressive CKD and 1898 ng/mmol in rapidly progressive CKD. Both urinary TG2 and ε-(γ-glutamyl)-lysine were significantly associated with speed of progression in univariate logistic regression models. In a multivariate model adjusted for urinary TG2, ε-(γ-glutamyl)-lysine, age, sex, urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR), urinary protein:creatinine ratio (UPCR), and CKD stage, only TG2 remained statistically significant. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined an 86.4% accuracy of prediction of progression for UTCR compared with 73.5% for UACR. Urinary TG2 and ε-(γ-glutamyl)-lysine are increased in CKD. In this pilot investigation, UTCR was a better predictor of progression in patients with CKD than UACR. Larger studies are now warranted to fully evaluate UTCR value in predicting patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Da Silva Lodge
- Academic Nephrology Unit and Sheffield Kidney Institute, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Pullen
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Miguel Pereira
- Statistical Sciences and Innovation, UCB Pharma, Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy S. Johnson
- Academic Nephrology Unit and Sheffield Kidney Institute, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases in kidney disease. Adv Clin Chem 2021; 105:141-212. [PMID: 34809827 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of zinc and calcium endopeptidases which cleave extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. They are also involved in the degradation of cell surface components and regulate multiple cellular processes, cell to cell interactions, cell proliferation, and cell signaling pathways. MMPs function in close interaction with the endogenous tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs), both of which regulate cell turnover, modulate various growth factors, and participate in the progression of tissue fibrosis and apoptosis. The multiple roles of MMPs and TIMPs are continuously elucidated in kidney development and repair, as well as in a number of kidney diseases. This chapter focuses on the current findings of the significance of MMPs and TIMPs in a wide range of kidney diseases, whether they result from kidney tissue changes, hemodynamic alterations, tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, inflammation, or fibrosis. In addition, the potential use of these endopeptidases as biomarkers of renal dysfunction and as targets for therapeutic interventions to attenuate kidney disease are also explored in this review.
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Yazgan B, Avcı F, Memi G, Tastekin E. Inflammatory response and matrix metalloproteinases in chronic kidney failure: Modulation by adropin and spexin. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1917-1927. [PMID: 34024143 PMCID: PMC8424640 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211012417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a major global public health problem. The peptide hormones adropin and spexin modulate many physiological functions such as energy balance and glucose, lipid and protein metabolism. However, it is unclear whether these peptides may exert effects on renal damage, tissue remodeling, and inflammatory conditions. In view of the limited information, we aimed to investigate the effect of adropin and spexin on matrix metalloproteinase and inflammatory response genes a rat model of adenine-induced chronic kidney failure. Chronic kidney failure was induced in rats by administering adenine hemisulfate. Renal function was determined in an autoanalyzer. Histopathological modifications were assessed by H&E staining. mRNA expression levels of ALOX 15, COX 1, COX 2, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-18 IL-21, IL-33, KIM-1, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-13, NGAL, TGFβ1, TIMP-1, and TNFα in kidney tissue were measured by qPCR. Our results showed an increase of 24-h urine volume, serum creatinine, BUN, and urine protein levels in group with adenine-induced CKF. Adropin and spexin treatments decreased urine protein and 24-h urine volume. Renal damage, TIMP-1, IL-33, and MMP-2 increased after CKF induction, while COX 1, MMP-9, and MMP-13 levels were significantly reduced. Furthermore, KIM-1, TIMP-1, IL-33, and MMP-2 were downregulated by spexin treatment. Renal damage, NGAL, TIMP-1 IL-17A, IL-33, MMP-2, and MMP-3 decreased after adropin treatment, while MMP-13 levels were upregulated. Treatment with adropin+spexin decreased KIM-1, NGAL, TIMP-1, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-33, ALOX 15, COX 1, COX 2, TGFβ1, TNFα, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-7, but increased MMP-13 levels. Our findings revealed that inflammatory response and MMP genes were modulated by adropin and spexin. These peptides may have protective effects on inflammation and chronic kidney damage progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Yazgan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Sabuncuoğlu Serefeddin Health Services Vocational School, Amasya University, Amasya 05100, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya 05100, Turkey
| | - Filiz Avcı
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya 05100, Turkey
| | - Gülsün Memi
- Department of Nursing, Hakkı Yoruk Health School, Trakya University, Edirne 22030, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Trakya University, Edirne 22030, Turkey
| | - Ebru Tastekin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne 22030, Turkey
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Arcos-Sacramento VG, Sampieri CL, Sandoval-Lozano VH, Orozco-Ortega RA, Acuña-Hernández MA, Morales-Romero J, Hernández-Hernández ME, Rodríguez-Hernández A. Urinary MMP-9/UCr association with albumin concentration and albumin-creatinine-ratio in Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10474. [PMID: 33362965 PMCID: PMC7749659 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), causing an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity has been proposed as useful biomarker for diabetic renal and vascular complications. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among T2DM patients who attended a public secondary hospital in Mexico. We performed clinical, biochemical, and microbiological assessments, as well chronic kidney disease diagnosis according to the KDIGO guideline. Urinary MMP-9 was quantified by ELISA and adjusted using urinary creatinine (UCr). RESULTS A total of 111 patients were included. Most participants were women (66%). Mean age was 61 ± 10 years and median T2DM duration was estimated at 11 years. Through multivariate analysis, MMP-9/UCr was found to be associated with albumin concentration and albumin to creatinine ratio. DISCUSSION Validation of non-invasive biomarkers of chronic kidney disease among T2DM patients is necessary. Here, we demonstrate MMP-9/UCr as a potential biomarker of albumin concentration and albumin to creatinine ratio in Mexican patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Luz Sampieri
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
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Selected Metal Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases as Potential Biomarkers for Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis in Children with Unilateral Hydronephrosis. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:9520309. [PMID: 32670438 PMCID: PMC7341387 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9520309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis caused by congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) may lead to the development of obstructive nephropathy (ON) and the impairment of kidney function. Hence, the identification of early biomarkers of this condition might be of assistance in therapeutic decisions. This study evaluates serum and urinary metalloproteinases MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 as potential biomarkers of ON in children with congenital unilateral hydronephrosis (HN) caused by UPJO. Forty-five (45) children with congenital HN of different grades of severity and twenty-one (21) healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Urinary and serum concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were measured using specific ELISA kits. The urinary excretions were expressed as biomarker/creatinine (Cr) ratios. To evaluate the extracellular matrix remodelling process activity, the serum and urinary MMP-1, -2, -9/TIMP-1, -2 ratios were also calculated. In comparison with the controls, patients with HN, independent of the grade, showed significantly increased median serum MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2, median urinary MMP-9/Cr, and TIMP-2/Cr ratios. Lower median values of serum MMP-2/TIMP-1, MMP-9/TIMP-1 in patients with HN were also revealed. Additionally, higher urinary MMP-2/Cr, lower urinary MMP-2/TIMP-2, and lower serum MMP-9/TIMP-2 ratios were observed in patients with HN grades 3 and 4. Patients with ON diagnosed by renal scintigraphy had a significantly higher median serum MMP-9 concentration and lower median serum MMP-9/TIMP-1, -2 ratios in comparison with those without this condition. Patients with nonglomerular proteinuria had a significantly higher median serum TIMP-1 concentration, a higher median urinary TIMP-2/Cr ratio, and a lower serum MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio compared to those without this symptom. The relationship between the measured biomarkers and the relative function of the obstructed kidney showed no correlations. The ROC curve analysis showed a promising diagnostic profile for the detection of ON for serum MMP-9 and the serum MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-9/TIMP-2 ratios. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that patients with HN, particularly with grades 3 and 4, are at higher risk of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The noninvasive markers of this condition considered are urinary MMP-2/Cr and MMP-9/Cr, serum MMP-9, serum and urinary MMP-2, MMP-9/TIMP-1, -2. Additionally, serum MMP-9 and MMP-9/TIMP-1, -2 may become promising markers of ON.
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Matrix Metalloproteinases in Diabetic Kidney Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020472. [PMID: 32046355 PMCID: PMC7073625 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Around the world diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is characterized by mesangial expansion, glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis. The hallmark of the pathogenesis of DKD is an increased extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation causing thickening of the glomerular and tubular basement membranes, mesangial expansion, sclerosis, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) family are composed of zinc-dependent enzymes involved in the degradation and hydrolysis of ECM components. Several MMPs are expressed in the kidney; nephron compartments, vasculature and connective tissue. Given their important role in DKD, several studies have been performed in patients with DKD proposing that the measurement of their activity in serum or in urine may become in the future markers of early DKD. Studies from diabetic nephropathy experimental models suggest that a balance between MMPs levels and their inhibitors is needed to maintain renal homeostasis. This review focuses in the importance of the MMPs within the kidney and their modifications at the circulation, kidney and urine in patients with DKD. We also cover the most important studies performed in experimental models of diabetes in terms of MMPs levels, renal expression and its down-regulation effect.
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Armutcu F, Demircan K, Yildirim U, Namuslu M, Yagmurca M, Celik HT. Hypoxia causes important changes of extracellular matrix biomarkers and ADAMTS proteinases in the adriamycin-induced renal fibrosis model. Nephrology (Carlton) 2019; 24:863-875. [PMID: 30719800 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Renal fibrosis is a common cause of renal dysfunction with chronic kidney diseases. This process is characterized by excessive production of extracellular matrix (ECM) or inhibition of ECM degradation. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) proteinases, which are widely presented in mammals, have very critical roles in ECM remodelling. We aimed to study the role of ADAMTS proteinases and some of the ECM markers in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis and to investigate the effects of hypoxia on these biomarkers. METHODS In addition to the control group, Adriamycin (ADR) treated rats were divided into four groups as ADR, sham and two hypoxia groups. Renal nephropathy was assessed biochemical assays, pathological and immunohistochemical staining methods. The expression of ADAMTSs and mRNA were determined using Western blotting and real-time PCR, respectively. RESULTS Renal dysfuntion and tissue damage in favour of ECM accumulation and renal fibrosis were observed in the ADR group. This was approved by remarkable changes in the expression of ADAMTS such as increased ADAMTS-1, -12 and -15. In addition, it was found that hypoxia and duration of hypoxia enhanced markers of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the rat kidney tissues. Also, expression differences especially in ADAMTS-1, -6 and -15 were observed in the hypoxia groups. The variable and different expression patterns of ADAMTS proteinases in the ADR-induced renal fibrosis suggest that ADAMTS family members are involved in the development and progression of fibrosis. CONCLUSION The expression changes of ADAMTS proteinases in kidney and association with hypoxia have potential clues to contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment options of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferah Armutcu
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kadir Demircan
- Department of Medical Biology, Turgut Ozal University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umran Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Turgut Ozal University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Namuslu
- Department of Biochemistry, Turgut Ozal University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Yagmurca
- Health Sciences University, Higher Specialization Training and Research Hospital, Histology and Embryology Clinic, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin T Celik
- Department of Biochemistry, Turgut Ozal University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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García-Tejeda AU, Sampieri CL, Suárez-Torres I, Morales-Romero J, Demeneghi-Marini VP, Hernández-Hernández ME, Rodríguez-Hernández A. Association of urinary activity of MMP-9 with renal impairment in Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PeerJ 2018; 6:e6067. [PMID: 30564523 PMCID: PMC6286807 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). An early event in diabetic kidney disease is alteration of the glomerular basement membrane and the mesangial expansion. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a family of endopeptidases responsible for controlling the pathophysiological remodeling of tissues, including renal tissues. MMP-9 in human urine has been proposed as a marker of diabetic nephropathy and urinary tract infections (UTI). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who receive first level medical attention in Mexico. We used ELISA to measure MMP-9 levels in the urine of subjects with T2DM ≥ 18 years of age, who fulfilled the clinical requirements for calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), according to the K/DOQI guide, in an attempt to identify whether MMP-9 levels in T2DM differ in patients with and without renal impairment. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed in order to identify the association between MMP-9 and renal impairment. RESULTS Included in the study were 34 (45%) subjects with renal impairment and 42 (55%) without. In the group with renal impairment, 10 subjects corresponded to stages 1-2 and 24 subjects corresponded to stage 3, according to their values of GFR and urinary albumin, following that proposed by the K/DOQI. No differences were found relating to sex, age, having or not having a partner, education, being able to read and write a message and duration of T2DM. Moreover, no differences were found between the groups in terms of weight, height, body mass index, waist size in general and frequency of UTI. In contrast, serum creatinine and urinary albumin were higher in the group with renal impairment, while GFR was greater in the group without renal impairment. Levels of MMP-9 were greater in women compared to men. Through univariate analysis in the general population, the presence of MMP-9 and that of its percentile 90 (P90) P90 were associated with the renal impairment group; however, in patients without UTI, only the presence of MMP-9 was associated with the renal impairment group, and no association was found with its P90. Multivariate analysis revealed an association between MMP-9 and its P90 with renal impairment. DISCUSSION It is necessary to validate sensitive and non-invasive biological markers of CKD. We demonstrate that the presence and P90 of urinary MMP-9 are associated with renal impairment in Mexican patients with T2DM. While high levels of MMP-9 were associated to females and UTI, the presence of UTI was not associated with the incidence of renal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Luz Sampieri
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Irene Suárez-Torres
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
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Rodríguez-Sánchez E, Navarro-García JA, Aceves-Ripoll J, Álvarez-Llamas G, Segura J, Barderas MG, Ruilope LM, Ruiz-Hurtado G. Association between renal dysfunction and metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activity in hypertensive patients. Nefrologia 2018; 39:184-191. [PMID: 30509751 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in deleterious tissue remodeling associated with target organ damage in renal disease. The aim of this study was to study the association between renal dysfunction and activity of the inflammatory metalloproteinase MMP-9 in hypertensive patients with mild-moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD). MATERIAL AND METHODS Plasmatic active MMP-9, total MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of MMP-9 (TIMP-1), MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio and MMP-9-TIMP-1 interaction were analyzed in 37 hypertensive patients distributed by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in 3 groups:>90, 90-60 y 60-30mL/min/1.73 m2. RESULTS Total MMP-9 was not different as eGFR declines. TIMP-1 was significantly increased in hypertensive patients with eGFR 60-30mL/min/1.73 m2 (P<.01 versus>90mL/min/1.73 m2). This relates to the significant decrease in the interaction between MMP-9-TIMP-1 observed in patients with eGFR 60-30mL/min/1.73 m2 (P<.01 versus>90mL/min/1.73 m2). Despite the systemic elevation of TIMP-1, active MMP-9 was significantly increased in hypertensive patients with eGFR 60-30mL/min/1.73 m2 (P<.05 and P<0.01 versus>90 and 90-60mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively). TIMP-1, active MMP-9 and MMP-9-TIMP-1 interaction significantly correlate with the decline in renal function, which was not observed with total MMP-9. CONCLUSIONS The progression of CKD, even in stages where the decline of renal function is still moderate, is associated with an increase in MMP-9 activity, which could be considered as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio Traslacional Cardiorrenal, Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
| | - José Alberto Navarro-García
- Laboratorio Traslacional Cardiorrenal, Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
| | - Jennifer Aceves-Ripoll
- Laboratorio Traslacional Cardiorrenal, Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
| | | | - Julián Segura
- Laboratorio Traslacional Cardiorrenal, Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España; Unidad de Hipertensión, Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
| | - María G Barderas
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Vascular, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (HNP), SESCAM, Toledo, España
| | - Luis Miguel Ruilope
- Laboratorio Traslacional Cardiorrenal, Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España; Unidad de Hipertensión, Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España; Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; Escuela de Estudios de Doctorado e Investigación, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Laboratorio Traslacional Cardiorrenal, Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España; Unidad de Hipertensión, Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España.
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Harrison LE, Giardina C, Hightower LE, Anderson C, Perdrizet GA. Might hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) reduce renal injury in diabetic people with diabetes mellitus? From preclinical models to human metabolomics. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:1143-1152. [PMID: 30374882 PMCID: PMC6237687 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure in the western world. Current treatment of diabetic kidney disease relies on nutritional management and drug therapies to achieve metabolic control. Here, we discuss the potential application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a treatment which requires patients to breathe in 100% oxygen at elevated ambient pressures. HBOT has traditionally been used to diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) refractory to conventional medical treatments. Successful clinic responses seen in the DFU provide the underlying therapeutic rationale for testing HBOT in the setting of DKD. Both the DFU and DKD have microvascular endothelial disease as a common underlying pathologic feature. Supporting evidence for HBOT of DKD comes from previous animal studies and from our preliminary prospective clinical trial reported here. We report urinary metabolomic data obtained from patients undergoing HBOT for DFU, before and after exposure to 6 weeks of HBOT. The preliminary data support the concept that HBOT can reduce biomarkers of renal injury, oxidant stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in patients receiving HBOT for DFU. Further studies are needed to confirm these initial findings and correlate them with simultaneous measures of renal function. HBOT is a safe and effective treatment for DFU and could also be for individuals with DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Harrison
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 91 N Eagleville Road, U3125, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| | - Charles Giardina
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 91 N Eagleville Road, U3125, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Lawrence E Hightower
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 91 N Eagleville Road, U3125, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Caesar Anderson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, UC San Diego Health System, Wound Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, Encinitas, CA, 92024, USA
| | - George A Perdrizet
- Department of Surgery, Hartford Health Care and the Hospital of Central Connecticut, Wound Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, New Britain, CT, 06050, USA
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Holm Nielsen S, Guldager Kring Rasmussen D, Brix S, Fenton A, Jesky M, Ferro CJ, Karsdal M, Genovese F, Cockwell P. A novel biomarker of laminin turnover is associated with disease progression and mortality in chronic kidney disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204239. [PMID: 30273365 PMCID: PMC6166934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have increased risk of development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and early mortality. Fibrosis is the central pathogenic process in CKD and is caused by dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. The laminin γ1 chain (LAMC1) is a core structural protein present in the basement membrane of several organs, including the kidneys. We hypothesized that dysregulation of LAMC1 remodeling could be associated with a higher risk of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with CKD. Methods A novel immunoassay targeting LG1M, a specific MMP-9-generated neo-epitope fragment of LAMC1, was developed and used to measure the levels of the fragment in urine and serum from 492 patients from the Renal Impairment in Secondary Care (RIISC) study, a prospective cohort of patients with high-risk CKD. Patients were monitored for a median follow-up time of 3.5 years. Associations between serum and urine LG1M levels and progression of CKD at 12 months were assessed by a multivariable logistic regression model. The association with ESRD or mortality was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results Forty-six (11%) of the 416 patients who reached 12-month follow-up had progression of CKD; during the study follow-up, 125 patients (25.4%) developed ESRD and 71 patients (14.4%) died. Serum and urine levels of LG1M correlated with baseline eGFR (r = -0.43, p<0.0001 and r = -0.17, p = 0.0002, respectively). Serum levels of LG1M were higher in patients with one-year progression of CKD compared to those who did not progress (p<0.01). Baseline serum levels of LG1M were associated with development of ESRD (HR 3.2, 95% CI 1.99–5.2 for patients in the highest LG1M tertile compared to patient in the lowest tertile). Baseline urinary levels of LG1M (uLG1M) were significantly associated with mortality (HR 5.0, 95% CI 2.8–8.9, p<0.0001 for patients in the highest LG1M tertile compared to patients in the lowest tertile). Urine LG1M was retained in the model for prediction of mortality (HR per standard deviation of uLG1M: 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.02, p = 0.001). Conclusions LG1M, a marker of basement membrane remodeling, is increased in serum and urine of patients with CKD and levels are associated with one-year disease progression, development of ESRD, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Holm Nielsen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniel Guldager Kring Rasmussen
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Clinical Research, Odense, Denmark
| | - Susanne Brix
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anthony Fenton
- Department of Renal Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Jesky
- Department of Renal Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Charles J. Ferro
- Department of Renal Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Morten Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Paul Cockwell
- Department of Renal Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Sampieri CL, Orozco-Ortega RA. Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury: a systematic review of the literature. Hippokratia 2018; 22:99-104. [PMID: 31641330 PMCID: PMC6801125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent proteinases involved in remodeling the extracellular matrix. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are a family of four proteins that act to limit the degradative actions of MMPs. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are public health problems worldwide, the prevalence of which has been increasing. Recent concept considers MMPs and TIMPs as critical factors before the onset of microalbuminuria, as well as accelerating factors associated with the breakdown of the glomerular basement membrane, renal scarring, and fibrosis during the progression of kidney diseases. Here we reviewed studies of the expression of MMPs and TIMPs in humans, using as clinical samples serum, plasma, and urine, with a focus on their potential role as molecular markers in CKD and AKI, as non-invasive markers. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used as data sources, studies at Medline database using combinations of the following keywords: CKD, AKI, MMP, TIMP, serum, plasma, and urine. RESULTS Evidence suggests that MMPs/TIMPs could be potential targets for therapeutic intervention in kidney diseases; future studies should attempt to improve the diagnostic or prognostic power of these families. DISCUSSION Considering published guides, such as biospecimen reporting for improved study quality (BRISQ), strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE), an updated list of essential items for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD), transparent reporting of a multivariate prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD), and on the studies reviewed here, we have adapted published recommendations and proposed other news in order to enhance the transparency and quality of MMPs/TIMPs research in CKD and AKI. This review reinforces the complexities of MMPs/TIMPs in the pathobiology of the kidney and the need for well-designed and transparent biomedical studies. HIPPOKRATIA 2018, 22(3): 99-104.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Sampieri
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - R A Orozco-Ortega
- Facultad de Bioanálisis, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
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Bieniaś B, Sikora P. Urinary metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases as potential early biomarkers for renal fibrosis in children with nephrotic syndrome. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9964. [PMID: 29465592 PMCID: PMC5841961 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In chronic glomerulopathies, renal fibrosis (RF) results from extracellular matrix remodeling processes regulated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP). We assessed urinary (u-) and serum (s-) MMP-1, -2, -9, TIMP-1, -2 concentrations and MMP-1, -2, -9/TIMP-1, -2 ratios in children with nephrotic syndrome. Steroid-dependent and steroid-resistant nephrotic patients (SDNS-Ps and SRNS-Ps, respectively) were compared with respect to measured parameters. The correlations of measured parameters with magnitude of proteinuria and histopathological diagnosis were determined.The study comprised of 39 children with nephrotic syndrome and 20 healthy controls. Twenty-three patients had SDNS and 16 ones-SRNS. The concentrations MMPs and TIMPs were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.In nephrotic patients, higher u-MMP-1, -2, -9/creatinine ratios and u-TIMP-1, -2/creatinine ratios were observed as compared with controls. Nephrotic children were also characterized by lower MMP-1, -2, -9/TIMP-1 ratios. In SRNS-Ps, u-MMP-2/creatinine ratio and u-TIMP-1/creatinine ratio were higher as compared with SDNS-Ps. Magnitude of proteinuria correlated positively with u-MMP-2/creatinine ratio and negatively with u-MMP-2/TIMP-1. In minimal change disease (MCD) patients as compared with those with other glomerulopathies, there was higher u-MMP-2/TIMP-1 ratio. No significant differences in s-MMPs, s-TIMPs, and s-MMPs/TIMPs ratios between nephrotic patients and controls were observed.Children with nephrotic syndrome are characterized by increased u-fibrotic biomarkers excretions. U-MMP-1, -2, -9 excretions and u-MMP-2/TIMP-1 ratio may become potential early biomarkers for RF. SRNS-Ps, those with heavier proteinuria and other than MCD glomerulopathies, seem to be more susceptible to early RF.
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Krochmal M, Kontostathi G, Magalhães P, Makridakis M, Klein J, Husi H, Leierer J, Mayer G, Bascands JL, Denis C, Zoidakis J, Zürbig P, Delles C, Schanstra JP, Mischak H, Vlahou A. Urinary peptidomics analysis reveals proteases involved in diabetic nephropathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15160. [PMID: 29123184 PMCID: PMC5680307 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of nephropathy in diabetic patients are not fully elucidated. Deregulation of proteolytic systems is a known path leading to disease manifestation, therefore we hypothesized that proteases aberrantly expressed in diabetic nephropathy (DN) may be involved in the generation of DN-associated peptides in urine. We compared urinary peptide profiles of DN patients (macroalbuminuric, n = 121) to diabetic patients with no evidence of DN (normoalbuminuric, n = 118). 302 sequenced, differentially expressed peptides (adjusted p-value < 0.05) were analysed with the Proteasix tool predicting proteases potentially involved in their generation. Activity change was estimated based on the change in abundance of the investigated peptides. Predictions were correlated with transcriptomics (Nephroseq) and relevant protein expression data from the literature. This analysis yielded seventeen proteases, including multiple forms of MMPs, cathepsin D and K, kallikrein 4 and proprotein convertases. The activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9, predicted to be decreased in DN, was investigated using zymography in a DN mouse model confirming the predictions. Collectively, this proof-of-concept study links urine peptidomics to molecular changes at the tissue level, building hypotheses for further investigation in DN and providing a workflow with potential applications to other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pedro Magalhães
- Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Julie Klein
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Holger Husi
- Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Science, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK
| | - Johannes Leierer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gert Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jean-Loup Bascands
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1188 - Université de La, Réunion, France
| | - Colette Denis
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christian Delles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Joost P Schanstra
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Harald Mischak
- Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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Hernández-Hernández ME, Morales-Romero J, Sampieri CL, Luna Lozano DJ, Valencia Lezama IDC, Muñoz Contreras MJ, Rodríguez Hernández A. Association of Urinary Activity of MMP-2 with Microalbuminuria in an Isolated Sample of Subjects Living in High Altitude Rural Locations in México. High Alt Med Biol 2017; 18:209-218. [PMID: 28459597 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2016.0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hernández-Hernández, Magda Elena, Jaime Morales-Romero, Clara Luz Sampieri, Diego Jesús Luna Lozano, Isidra del Carmen Valencia Lezama, Mónica Janett Muñoz Contreras, and Arturo Rodríguez Hernández. Association of urinary activity of MMP-2 with microalbuminuria in an isolated sample of subjects living in high altitude rural locations in México. High Alt Med Biol. 18:209-218, 2017.-Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are implicated in remodeling of the renal extracellular matrix. In a cross-sectional study we evaluated renal impairment in general population of high-altitude rural locations in México. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify the association between MMP-2 and MMP-9 and microalbuminuria. Twenty-eight (20.9%) subjects with renal impairment (WRI) and 106 (79.1%) without renal impairment were included. No differences were found relating to sex, location, marital status, current habits, weight, height, body mass index, waist size in males, creatinine in males, and uric acid. In contrast, differences were found among age, level of education, waist size in general and in females, creatinine in general and in females, urinary albumin, urea, glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Proportions of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, central abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia were greater in the group WRI. Presence of urinary MMP-2 or of both urinary gelatinases and arbitrary unit (AU) values ≥P90 were associated with microalbuminuria. We conclude that AU values ≥P90 of urinary MMP-2 (OR = 20.1, p = 0.002) is associated with microalbuminuria.
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Abdel Aziz MA, Badary DM, Hussein MRA. Renal damage following Alloxan-induced diabetes is associated with generation of reactive oxygen species, alterations of p53, TGF-β1, and extracellular matrix metalloproteinases in rats. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:525-533. [PMID: 28220578 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Renal damage is a common problem in diabetes. Alloxan, a potent hyperglycemic and diabetogenic molecule, can induce diabetes through oxidative stress-related mechanisms. Here, we hypothesize that "Alloxan-induced renal damage is associated with alterations of p53, TGF-β1, and extracellular matrix metalloproteinases." To test our hypothesis, we established an animal model (male abino rats) and induced diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of Alloxan monohydrate. Rats with fasting blood glucose level ≥ 200 mg/dL were considered diabetic and were sacrificed after 14, 28, and 42 day intervals. Tissue levels of malondialdehyde and glutathione levels (markers of oxidative stress), and serum MMP-1 were measured. The expression patterns of p53, TGF-β1were evaluated using Western blot and immunohistochemical methods. TIMP-1 expression pattern was determined using RT-PCR and immunohistochemical methods. Alloxan treatment induced histological features of renal damage (inflammation and fibrosis) and was associated with deterioration of the renal functions (elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinin levels), hyperglycemia, and oxidative stresss (increased malondialdehyde and decreased glutathione levels). There was over-expression of the TGF-β1 protein (profibrogenic protein), p53 (proapoptotic protein), and alterations of extracellular matrix proteins (low level of serum MMP-1 and over-expression of TIMP-1). Alterations of TGF-β, p53, and extracellular matrix metalloproteinases contribute to the pathogenesis of Alloxan-induced renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abdel Aziz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, Assuit 71524, Egypt
| | - Dalia M Badary
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Assuit University, Assuit 71526, Egypt
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Øvrehus MA, Zürbig P, Vikse BE, Hallan SI. Urinary proteomics in chronic kidney disease: diagnosis and risk of progression beyond albuminuria. Clin Proteomics 2015; 12:21. [PMID: 26257595 PMCID: PMC4528848 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-015-9092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contrast between a high prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the low incidence of end-stage renal disease highlights the need for new biomarkers of progression beyond albuminuria testing. Urinary proteomics is a promising method, but more studies focusing on progression rate and patients with hypertensive nephropathy are needed. RESULTS We analyzed urine samples with capillary electrophoresis coupled to a mass-spectrometer from 18 well characterized patients with CKD stage 4-5 (of whom six with hypertensive nephropathy) and 17 healthy controls. Classification scores based on a previously developed panel of 273 urinary peptides were calculated and compared to urine albumin dipstick results. Urinary proteomics classified CKD with a sensitivity of 0.95 and specificity of 1.00. Overall diagnostic accuracy (area under ROC curve) was 0.98, which was better than for albuminuria (0.85, p = 0.02). Results for hypertensive nephropathy were similar to other CKD diagnoses. Adding the proteomic score to an albuminuria model improved detection of rapid kidney function decline (>4 ml/min/1.73 m(2) per year) substantially: area under ROC curve increased from 0.762 to 0.909 (p = 0.042), and 38% of rapid progressors were correctly reclassified to a higher risk and 55% of slow progressors were correctly reclassified to a lower risk category. Reduced excretion of collagen types I-III, uromodulin, and other indicators of interstitial inflammation, fibrosis and tubular dysfunction were associated with CKD diagnosis and rapid progression. Patients with hypertensive nephropathy displayed the same findings as other types of CKD. CONCLUSIONS Urinary proteomic analyses had a high diagnostic accuracy for CKD, including hypertensive nephropathy, and strongly improved identification of patients with rapid kidney function decline beyond albuminuria testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius A Øvrehus
- />Department of Nephrology, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- />Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Bjørn E Vikse
- />Renal Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- />Department of Medicine, Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Stein I Hallan
- />Department of Nephrology, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- />Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- />Center of Renal Translational Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, USA
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Filip S, Pontillo C, Peter Schanstra J, Vlahou A, Mischak H, Klein J. Urinary proteomics and molecular determinants of chronic kidney disease: possible link to proteases. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:535-48. [DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.926224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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The extracellular matrix in the kidney: a source of novel non-invasive biomarkers of kidney fibrosis? FIBROGENESIS & TISSUE REPAIR 2014; 7:4. [PMID: 24678881 PMCID: PMC3986639 DOI: 10.1186/1755-1536-7-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial fibrosis is the common endpoint of end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) leading to kidney failure. The clinical course of many renal diseases, and thereby of CKD, is highly variable. One of the major challenges in deciding which treatment approach is best suited for a patient but also in the development of new treatments is the lack of markers able to identify and stratify patients with stable versus progressive disease. At the moment renal biopsy is the only means of diagnosing renal interstitial fibrosis. Novel biomarkers should improve diagnosis of a disease, estimate its prognosis and assess the response to treatment, all in a non-invasive manner. Existing markers of CKD do not fully and specifically address these requirements and in particular do not specifically reflect renal fibrosis. The aim of this review is to give an insight of the involvement of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in kidney diseases and as a source of potential novel biomarkers of renal fibrosis. In particular the use of the protein fingerprint technology, that identifies neo-epitopes of ECM proteins generated by proteolytic cleavage by proteases or other post-translational modifications, might identify such novel biomarkers of renal fibrosis.
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Recombinant snake venom metalloproteinase inhibitor BJ46A inhibits invasion and metastasis of B16F10 and MHCC97H cells through reductions of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 activities. Anticancer Drugs 2013; 24:461-72. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e32835f258d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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