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Sun T, Patil R, Galstyan A, Klymyshyn D, Ding H, Chesnokova A, Cavenee WK, Furnari FB, Ljubimov VA, Shatalova ES, Wagner S, Li D, Mamelak AN, Bannykh SI, Patil CG, Rudnick JD, Hu J, Grodzinski ZB, Rekechenetskiy A, Falahatian V, Lyubimov AV, Chen YL, Leoh LS, Daniels-Wells TR, Penichet ML, Holler E, Ljubimov AV, Black KL, Ljubimova JY. Blockade of a Laminin-411-Notch Axis with CRISPR/Cas9 or a Nanobioconjugate Inhibits Glioblastoma Growth through Tumor-Microenvironment Cross-talk. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1239-1251. [PMID: 30659021 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is an unmet need for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The extracellular matrix, including laminins, in the tumor microenvironment is important for tumor invasion and progression. In a panel of 226 patient brain glioma samples, we found a clinical correlation between the expression of tumor vascular laminin-411 (α4β1γ1) with higher tumor grade and with expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, including Notch pathway members, CD133, Nestin, and c-Myc. Laminin-411 overexpression also correlated with higher recurrence rate and shorter survival of GBM patients. We also showed that depletion of laminin-411 α4 and β1 chains with CRISPR/Cas9 in human GBM cells led to reduced growth of resultant intracranial tumors in mice and significantly increased survival of host animals compared with mice with untreated cells. Inhibition of laminin-411 suppressed Notch pathway in normal and malignant human brain cell types. A nanobioconjugate potentially suitable for clinical use and capable of crossing blood-brain barrier was designed to block laminin-411 expression. Nanobioconjugate treatment of mice carrying intracranial GBM significantly increased animal survival and inhibited multiple CSC markers, including the Notch axis. This study describes an efficient strategy for GBM treatment via targeting a critical component of the tumor microenvironment largely independent of heterogeneous genetic mutations in glioblastoma.Significance: Laminin-411 expression in the glioma microenvironment correlates with Notch and other cancer stem cell markers and can be targeted by a novel, clinically translatable nanobioconjugate to inhibit glioma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rameshwar Patil
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anna Galstyan
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dmytro Klymyshyn
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hui Ding
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alexandra Chesnokova
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Webster K Cavenee
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Frank B Furnari
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Vladimir A Ljubimov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ekaterina S Shatalova
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shawn Wagner
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Adam N Mamelak
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Serguei I Bannykh
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chirag G Patil
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jeremy D Rudnick
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jethro Hu
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zachary B Grodzinski
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Vida Falahatian
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Clinical Research Training Program (CRTP), Durham, North Carolina
| | - Alexander V Lyubimov
- Toxicology Research Laboratory (TRL), Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yongmei L Chen
- Toxicology Research Laboratory (TRL), Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lai S Leoh
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tracy R Daniels-Wells
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Manuel L Penichet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Molecular Biology Institute, AIDS Institute, the California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eggehard Holler
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Institut für Biophysik und Physikalische Biochemie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexander V Ljubimov
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Keith L Black
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Julia Y Ljubimova
- Nanomedicine Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. .,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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The vascular delta-like ligand-4 (DLL4)-Notch4 signaling correlates with angiogenesis in primary glioblastoma: an immunohistochemical study. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:3797-805. [PMID: 26472724 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Delta-like ligand-4 (DLL4)-Notch signaling is known to play a pivotal role in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis. We had previously found that DLL4 was overexpressed, while Notch1 receptor, which binds to DLL4 during angiogenesis, was absent in the majority of human primary glioblastomas. Thus, DLL4-Notch signaling pathway in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis in primary glioblastoma remains unknown. Tumor tissues from 70 patients with primary glioblastoma were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for expression of components of DLL4-Notch signaling, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and microvessel density (MVD). Immunohistochemistry results showed that the positive staining of DLL4 and Notch4 was primarily distributed in tumor vascular endothelial cells but rarely detected in tumor cells. However, VEGF, hairy/enhancer of split-1 (HES1; a target gene of Notch signaling), and Notch1-3 expression was seen in both tumor vascular endothelial cells and tumor cells. Univariate analysis showed that the expression levels of VEGF and DLL4, HES1, and Notch4 in tumor endothelial cells were significantly associated with MVD in primary glioblastoma (P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that high expression levels of DLL4, HES1, and Notch4 in tumor endothelial cells were associated with a decrease of MVD in primary glioblastoma, while MVD increased with elevated VEGF expression in contrast. In addition, DLL4, Notch4, and HES1 expression were positively correlated in tumor vascular endothelial cells (P < 0.05). We conclude that the vascular DLL4-Notch4 signaling and VEGF signaling complementing each other plays an important role in the progression of tumor angiogenesis in primary glioblastoma. Graphical abstract A, positive staining of DLL4 in human kidney; B, positive staining of VEGF in human breast cancer; C, positive staining of CD34 in human lung cancer; D, positive staining of HES1 in human breast cancer; E-H, positive staining of Notch1-4: E-F in human lung cancer; G-H in human kidney.
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Zhou B, Wang H, Liu R, Wang M, Deng H, Giglio BC, Gill PS, Shan H, Li Z. PET Imaging of Dll4 Expression in Glioblastoma and Colorectal Cancer Xenografts Using (64)Cu-Labeled Monoclonal Antibody 61B. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:3527-34. [PMID: 26288060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) expressed in tumor cells plays a key role to promote tumor growth of numerous cancer types. Based on a novel antihuman Dll4 monoclonal antibody (61B), we developed a (64)Cu-labeled probe for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of tumor Dll4 expression. In this study, 61B was conjugated with the (64)Cu-chelator DOTA through lysine on the antibody. Human IgG (hIgG)-DOTA, which did not bind to Dll4, was also prepared as a control. The Dll4 binding activity of the probes was evaluated through the bead-based binding assay with Dll4-alkaline phosphatase. The resulting PET probes were evaluated in U87MG glioblastoma and HT29 colorectal cancer xenografts in athymic nude mice. Our results demonstrated that the 61B-DOTA retained (77.2 ± 3.7) % Dll4 binding activity of the unmodified 61B, which is significantly higher than that of hIgG-DOTA (0.06 ± 0.03) %. Confocal microscopy analysis confirmed that 61B-Cy5.5, but not IgG-Cy5.5, predominantly located within the U87MG and HT29 cells cytoplasm. U87MG cells showed higher 61B-Cy5.5 binding as compared to HT29 cells. In U87MG xenografts, 61B-DOTA-(64)Cu demonstrated remarkable tumor accumulation (10.5 ± 1.7 and 10.2 ± 1.2%ID/g at 24 and 48 h postinjection, respectively). In HT29 xenografts, tumor accumulation of 61B-DOTA-(64)Cu was significantly lower than that of U87MG (7.3 ± 1.3 and 6.6 ± 1.3%ID/g at 24 and 48 h postinjection, respectively). The tumor accumulation of 61B-DOTA-(64)Cu was significantly higher than that of hIgG-DOTA-(64)Cu in both xenografts models. Immunofluorescence staining of the tumor tissues further confirmed that tumor accumulation of 61B-Cy5.5 was correlated well with in vivo PET imaging data using 61B-DOTA-(64)Cu. In conclusion, 61B-DOTA-(64)Cu PET probe was successfully synthesized and demonstrated prominent tumor uptake by targeting Dll4. 61B-DOTA-(64)Cu has great potential to be used for noninvasive Dll4 imaging, which could be valuable for tumor detection, Dll4 expression level evaluation, and Dll4-based treatment monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630, China.,Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Hui Wang
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Ren Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - Mengzhe Wang
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Huaifu Deng
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Benjamin C Giglio
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Parkash S Gill
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - Hong Shan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630, China.,Interventional Radiology Institute, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zibo Li
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
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