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Prabhu KS, Ahmad F, Kuttikrishnan S, Leo R, Ali TA, Izadi M, Mateo JM, Alam M, Ahmad A, Al-Shabeeb Akil AS, Bhat AA, Buddenkotte J, Pourkarimi E, Steinhoff M, Uddin S. Bortezomib exerts its anti-cancer activity through the regulation of Skp2/p53 axis in non-melanoma skin cancer cells and C. elegans. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:225. [PMID: 38724504 PMCID: PMC11082213 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), encompassing basal and squamous cell carcinoma, is the most prevalent cancer in the United States. While surgical removal remains the conventional therapy with a 95% 5-year cure rate, there is a growing interest in exploring alternative treatment strategies. In this study, we investigated the role of Bortezomib (BTZ), a proteasome inhibitor, in NMSC. Using two NMSC cell lines (A431 and A388), we examined the effects of BTZ treatment. Our results demonstrated that 48 h of BTZ treatment led to downregulating Skp2 expression in both A431 and A388 cells while upregulating p53 expression, specifically in A388 cells. These alterations resulted in impaired cellular growth and caspase-dependent cell death. Silencing Skp2 in A388 cells with siRNA confirmed the upregulation of p53 as a direct target. Furthermore, BTZ treatment increased the Bax to Bcl-2 ratio, promoting mitochondrial permeability and the subsequent release of cytochrome C, thereby activating caspases. We also found that BTZ exerted its antitumor effects by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), as blocking ROS production significantly reduced BTZ-induced apoptotic cell death. Interestingly, BTZ treatment induced autophagy, which is evident from the increased expression of microtubule-associated proteins nucleoporin p62 and LC-3A/B. In addition to cell lines, we assessed the impact of BTZ in an in vivo setting using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our findings demonstrated that BTZ induced germline apoptosis in worms even at low concentrations. Notably, this increased apoptosis was mediated through the activity of CEP-1, the worm's counterpart to mammalian p53. In summary, our study elucidated the molecular mechanism underlying BTZ-induced apoptosis in NMSC cell lines and C. elegans. By targeting the skp2/p53 axis, inducing mitochondrial permeability, generating ROS, and promoting autophagy, BTZ demonstrates promising anti-cancer activity in NMSC. These findings provide novel insights into potential therapeutic strategies for controlling the unregulated growth of NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Fareed Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Rari Leo
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Tayyiba Akbar Ali
- Division of Genomics and Translational Medicine, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, 34110, Qatar
| | - Mahmoud Izadi
- Division of Genomics and Translational Medicine, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, 34110, Qatar
| | - Jericha M Mateo
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Majid Alam
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Population Genetic and Genomics, Genetics and Metabolic Disorders Clinical Research Program, Precision Medicine of Diabetes Obesity and Cancer laboratory, Sidra Medicine, Doha, 26999, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Population Genetic and Genomics, Genetics and Metabolic Disorders Clinical Research Program, Precision Medicine of Diabetes Obesity and Cancer laboratory, Sidra Medicine, Doha, 26999, Qatar
| | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Ehsan Pourkarimi
- Division of Genomics and Translational Medicine, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, 34110, Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, 24144, Qatar
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, 34110, Qatar
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar.
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar.
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar.
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
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Ceolin V, Cenna R, Resente F, Spadea M, Fagioli F, Bertorello N. Guillain-Barré syndrome after bortezomib therapy in a child with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 39:187-192. [PMID: 34369835 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2021.1959691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A 12-year-old male being treated for a high-risk relapsed T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented progressive weakness and numbness of both legs after having received a chemotherapy regimen that included bortezomib. Diagnosis of acute Guillain-Barré syndrome-like inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy was made following clinical examination, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, electrodiagnostic studies, magnetic resonance imaging, and serum immunoglobulin antibodies to anti-ganglioside. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment was started, resulting in complete clinical recovery. Although in rare cases, Guillain-Barré syndrome after bortezomib therapy has been reported; this paper suggests that GBS may occur when bortezomib is administered and high‑dose intravenous immunoglobulin lead to a resolution of the symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ceolin
- Department of Pediatric and Public Health Sciences, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosita Cenna
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Resente
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Manuela Spadea
- Department of Pediatric and Public Health Sciences, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bertorello
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
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FLAG With Bortezomib in Childhood Relapsed/Refractory Leukemia: Remission Induction With Limited Toxicity in the Era of Multidrug-resistant Bacteria. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 43:e212-e214. [PMID: 31688621 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We present our experience on the use of fludarabine, cytarabine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in combination with Bortezomib. In total, 13 children with relapsed/refractory leukemia (acute lymphoblastic leukemia=9 and acute myeloid leukemia=4) were included from January 2018 to May 2019. Culture-positive sepsis and intensive care unit admission rates were 38% and 30%, respectively, with no postchemotherapy mortality in this cohort. Morphologic remission was documented in 92% and negative minimal residual disease was achieved in 61%, with 100% remission in those with acute myeloid leukemia. These results bear significant relevance in developing countries where multidrug-resistant sepsis is on the rise.
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Agarwal M, Seth R, Chatterjee T. Recent Advances in Molecular Diagnosis and Prognosis of Childhood B Cell Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL). Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2021; 37:10-20. [PMID: 33707831 PMCID: PMC7900311 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-020-01295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common leukemia occurring in children and young adults and is the leading cause of cancer related deaths. The 5 year overall survival outcome in children with B-ALL has improved significantly in the last few decades. In the past, the discovery of various genetic alterations and targeted therapy have played a major role in decreasing disease-related deaths. In addition, numerous advances in the pathogenesis of B-ALL have been found which have provided better understanding of the genes involved in disease biology with respect to diagnostic and prognostic implications. Present review will summarize current understanding of risk stratification, genetic factors including cytogenetics in diagnosis and prognosis of B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Agarwal
- Department of Laboratory Sciences and Molecular Medicine, Army Hospital (R&R), New Delhi, India
| | - Rachna Seth
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tathagata Chatterjee
- Department of Laboratory Sciences and Molecular Medicine, Army Hospital (R&R), New Delhi, India
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Li F, Mladenov E, Mortoga S, Iliakis G. SCF SKP2 regulates APC/C CDH1-mediated degradation of CTIP to adjust DNA-end resection in G 2-phase. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:548. [PMID: 32683422 PMCID: PMC7368859 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The cell cycle-dependent engagement of DNA-end resection at DSBs is regulated by phosphorylation of CTIP by CDKs, the central regulators of cell cycle transitions. Cell cycle transitions are also intimately regulated by protein degradation via two E3 ubiquitin ligases: SCFSKP2 and APC/CCDH1 complex. Although APC/CCDH1 regulates CTIP in G1– and G2-phase, contributions by SCFSKP2 have not been reported. We demonstrate that SCFSKP2 is a strong positive regulator of resection. Knockdown of SKP2, fully suppresses resection in several cell lines. Notably, this suppression is G2-phase specific and is not observed in S-phase or G1–phase cells. Knockdown of SKP2 inactivates SCFSKP2 causing APC/CCDH1 activation, which degrades CTIP. The stabilizing function of SCFSKP2 on CTIP promotes resection and supports gene conversion (GC), alternative end joining (alt-EJ) and cell survival. We propose that CDKs and SCFSKP2-APC/CCDH1 cooperate to regulate resection and repair pathway choice at DSBs in G2-phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Li
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Emil Mladenov
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Sharif Mortoga
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - George Iliakis
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, 45122, Essen, Germany.
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Zhou D, Dai L, Liu X, Que F, Xu Y, Luo X, Zhu Y, Liu S, Li Y, Yu L. [Bortezomib and obatoclax for dual blockade of protein degradation pathways show synergistic anti-tumor effect in human acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:401-408. [PMID: 31068282 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.04.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore whether bortezomib and a Bcl-2 inhibitor exhibit synergistic anti-tumor effect in human acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cells. METHODS MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of bortezomib in the absence or presence of Bcl-2 inhibitors (obatoclax, AT-101 and ABT-199) in Jurkat cells. The effects of drug treatment on the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins, LC3B, p62, ubiquitin, BiP/Grp78, p-JNK, p-p38 and CHOP proteins were examined by Western blotting. Flow cytometry was used to determine the effects of bortezomib and Bcl-2 inhibitors (obatoclax, AT-101 and ABT-199) on cell apoptosis. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of the key regulatory factors of unfolded protein reaction (UPR). A zebrafish xenograft model was used to study the anti-tumor effect of bortezomib, obatoclax and their combination in vivo. RESULTS Bortezomib or Bcl-2 inhibitors alone inhibited the cell viability of Jurkat cells, but only obatoclax and bortezomib showed synergistic cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic effect. Obatoclax, rather than AT-101 and ABT- 199, blocked autophagic flux in the cells evidenced by concomitant accumulation of LC3B-Ⅱ and p62. Both bortezomib and obatoclax alone caused accumulation of polyubiquinated proteins, and their combination showed a synergistic effect, which was consistent with their synergistic cytotoxicity. The dual blockade of proteasome and autophagy by the combination of bortezomib and obatoclax triggered unfolded protein response followed by cell apoptosis. Preventing UPS dysfunction by tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) significantly attenuated the cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic effect of bortezomib in combination with obatoclax. In zebrafish xenograft models, bortezomib combined with obatoclax significantly decreased tumor foci formation. CONCLUSIONS Bortezomib and obatoclax for dual blockade of protein degradation pathways show synergistic anti-tumor effect in human acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lixia Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaolian Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fuchang Que
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuyan Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xin Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaolu Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yilei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Le Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Switching to Bortezomib may Improve Recovery From Severe Vincristine Neuropathy in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2019; 41:457-462. [PMID: 31233464 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of switching patients being treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) from vincristine to bortezomib. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 20 patients with ALL were switched from vincristine to bortezomib (1.3 mg/m/dose) because of worsening neuropathy despite physical therapy interventions (n=18) or at increased risk of neuropathy (n=2). Relapse rates were compared with 56 vincristine-only patients matched by prognostic factors. Maintenance blood counts in bortezomib patients were compared with cooperative group data using vincristine during maintenance. In addition, 6 evaluable patients were assessed for neuropathy using the pediatric-modified total neuropathy score. Neuropathy scores were collected during treatment with vincristine and after switching to bortezomib. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 3.5 years the relapse rate in patients switched to bortezomib was nonsignificantly different than those remaining on vincristine. Patients on monthly bortezomib had statistically significantly lower platelet counts that did not require transfusions or dose adjustment. Total neuropathy for all 6 cases decreased significantly when switched to bortezomib from vincristine (P=0.015), with motor neuropathy declines in 5 of 6 subjects. CONCLUSIONS Bortezomib substitution for vincristine in ALL treatment is a potential strategy to mitigate severe vincristine neuropathy. These findings should be confirmed in a randomized clinical trial to further assess benefits and risks of this approach.
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Li X, Wu N, Li B. A high mutation rate of immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region gene associates with a poor survival and chemotherapy response of mantle cell lymphoma patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15811. [PMID: 31145313 PMCID: PMC6708879 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV) gene mutation status is a biomarker for the prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, whether it is associated with the diagnosis, staging, and prognosis of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) remains to be determined.The IGHV gene mutations of 52 MCL patients were determined by DNA sequencing and compared with published IGHV germline sequences.DNA sequence alignment of IGHV variable regions with published IGHV germline sequences showed that the coincidence rate was 94% to 100%. Ten cases (21%) were significantly mutated with the rate of 96.9% to 94.0%. The overall survival time of patients was negatively correlated with the degree of IGHV gene mutation. Further survival analysis with log-rank test demonstrated that the patients with significant IGHV gene mutations showed a trend towards poor survival.The mutation rate of the IGHV variant region may be determined to assess the prognosis and overall survival time of MCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqian Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Yangpu District Psychiatric Hospital
| | | | - Bin Li
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Kuhlen M, Klusmann JH, Hoell JI. Molecular Approaches to Treating Pediatric Leukemias. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:368. [PMID: 31555628 PMCID: PMC6742719 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, striking progress has been made in the treatment of pediatric leukemia, approaching 90% overall survival in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 75% in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This has mainly been achieved through multiagent chemotherapy including CNS prophylaxis and risk-adapted therapy within collaborative clinical trials. However, prognosis in children with refractory or relapsed leukemia remains poor and has not significantly improved despite great efforts. Hence, more effective and less toxic therapies are urgently needed. Our understanding of disease biology, molecular drivers, drug resistance and, thus, the possibility to identify children at high-risk for treatment failure has significantly improved in recent years. Moreover, several new drugs targeting key molecular pathways involved in leukemia development, cell growth, and proliferation have been developed and approved. These striking achievements are linked to the great hope to further improve survival in children with refractory and relapsed leukemia. This review gives an overview on current molecularly targeted therapies in children with leukemia, including kinase, and proteasome inhibitors, epigenetic and enzyme targeting, as well as apoptosis regulators among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kuhlen
- Swabian Children's Cancer Center, University Children's Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Henning Klusmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Jessica I Hoell
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells are sensitive to disturbances in protein homeostasis induced by proteasome deubiquitinase inhibition. Oncotarget 2017; 8:21115-21127. [PMID: 28423502 PMCID: PMC5400570 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-genotoxic nature of proteasome inhibition makes it an attractive therapeutic option for the treatment of pediatric malignancies. We recently described the small molecule VLX1570 as an inhibitor of proteasome deubiquitinase (DUB) activity that induces proteotoxic stress and apoptosis in cancer cells. Here we show that acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells are highly sensitive to treatment with VLX1570, resulting in the accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteasome substrates and loss of cell viability. VLX1570 treatment increased the levels of a number of proteins, including the chaperone HSP70B', the oxidative stress marker heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the cell cycle regulator p21Cip1. Unexpectedly, polybiquitin accumulation was found to be uncoupled from ER stress in ALL cells. Thus, increased phosphorylation of eIF2α occurred only at supra-pharmacological VLX1570 concentrations and did not correlate with polybiquitin accumulation. Total cellular protein synthesis was found to decrease in the absence of eIF2α phosphorylation. Furthermore, ISRIB (Integrated Stress Response inhibitor) did not overcome the inhibition of protein synthesis. We finally show that VLX1570 can be combined with L-asparaginase for additive or synergistic antiproliferative effects on ALL cells. We conclude that ALL cells are highly sensitive to the proteasome DUB inhibitor VLX1570 suggesting a novel therapeutic option for this disease.
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Ronson A, Tvito A, Rowe JM. Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Adults. Curr Oncol Rep 2017; 18:39. [PMID: 27207612 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-016-0519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Patients with relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a dismal prognosis with less than 10 % of patients surviving 5 years. Most such patients cannot be rescued with currently available therapies, whatever the initial treatment they receive. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel treatment options. Fortunately, over the past several years, an improved understanding of the biology of the disease has allowed the identification of rational molecular targets for therapeutic endeavors and the emergence of novel therapies has sparked great interest. This review will discuss the current treatment landscape for adult patients with relapsed and/or refractory ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Ronson
- Department of Hematology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, 12 Shmuel Bayit Street, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel
| | - Ariella Tvito
- Department of Hematology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, 12 Shmuel Bayit Street, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel
| | - Jacob M Rowe
- Department of Hematology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, 12 Shmuel Bayit Street, Jerusalem, 91031, Israel. .,Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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12
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Queudeville M, Handgretinger R, Ebinger M. Immunotargeting relapsed or refractory precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia - role of blinatumomab. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:3567-3578. [PMID: 28790849 PMCID: PMC5530848 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s103470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with refractory or relapsed (R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a dismal prognosis of around 5% long-term survival when treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and allogenic stem cell transplantation. T-cell immunobased strategies open up new therapeutic perspectives. Blinatumomab is the first of a new class of antibody constructs that was labeled bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE): it consists of two single chain variable fragment connected with a flexible linker, one side binding CD3, the other CD19. The tight binding and the close proximity to the CD19-positive B-cells and leukemic cells leads to non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted T-cell activation, polyclonal T-cell expansion and direct target cell killing. Applied by continuous infusion, blinatumomab achieves morphological complete response rates ranging from 39% to 69% in R/R ALL patients (compared to 25% after second-line chemotherapy) with prolonged overall survival (blinatumomab median overall survival, 7.7 months vs chemotherapy, 4.0 months). In comparison to conventional cytotoxic second-line protocols blinatumomab has a favorable safety profile. The main adverse event is related to the mode of action of blinatumomab: the induction of a cytokine-release syndrome that can be managed by interruption and/or the application of steroids or tocilizumab. Another typical complication is the occurrence of neurological side effects, such as seizures and encephalopathy. This neurotoxicity is reversible after application of steroids and/or withdrawal of blinatumomab. Blinatumomab has proven to be a powerful therapeutic option in R/R ALL patients both adult and pediatric because of its efficacy and limited toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Queudeville
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rupert Handgretinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Ebinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Du X, Tong J, Lu H, He C, Du S, Jia P, Zhao W, Xu H, Li J, Shen Z, Wu Y, Tong J, Zhou L. Combination of bortezomib and daunorubicin in the induction of apoptosis in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:101-108. [PMID: 28487980 PMCID: PMC5482122 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the treatment of T‑cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‑ALL), the outcome of T‑ALL treatment remains unsatisfactory, therefore, more effective treatment is urgently required. The present study examined the cytotoxicities of bortezomib in combination with daunorubicin against human Jurkat and Molt‑4 T‑ALL cells and primary T‑ALL cells. Compared with treatment alone, co‑exposure of cells to bortezomib and daunorubicin resulted in a significant increase in cell death in the Jurkat cells, as evidenced by the increased percentage of Annexin V‑positive cells, the formation of apoptotic bodies. In addition, the administration sequence of bortezomib and daunorubicin had an effect on cell viability. Treatment with bortezomib followed by daunorubicin treatment was more effective, compared with treatment with daunorubicin followed by bortezomib. Co-treatment with bortezomib and daunorubicin markedly enhanced the activation of caspase‑3, ‑8 and ‑9, which was reversed by the pan‑caspase inhibitor, Z‑VAD‑FMK. In addition, cotreatment with bortezomib and daunorubicin enhanced the collapse of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and upregulated the proapoptotic protein, B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2)‑interacting mediator of cell death (Bim), but not Bcl‑2 or Bcl‑extra large. Consistent with this, it was demonstrated that cotreatment of bortezomib and daunorubicin efficiently induced apoptosis in primary T‑ALL cells, and cell death was associated with the collapse of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and the upregulation of Bim. Taken together, these findings indicated that the combination of bortezomib and daunorubicin significantly enhanced their apoptosis‑inducing effect in T‑ALL cells, which may warrant further investigation in preclinical and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Jia Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Hongying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Cong He
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Shenghong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Peimin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Weili Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Hanzhang Xu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E‑Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Junmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yingli Wu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E‑Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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14
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Papadantonakis N, Advani AS. Recent advances and novel treatment paradigms in acute lymphocytic leukemia. Ther Adv Hematol 2016; 7:252-269. [PMID: 27695616 PMCID: PMC5026289 DOI: 10.1177/2040620716652289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This is an exciting time in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) given the advances in the relapsed/refractory setting. The development of antibody treatments (including antibody drug conjugates with toxins) offers a different treatment approach compared with conventional chemotherapy regimens. Moreover, the use of bispecific T-cell-engager antibodies (BiTEs) such as blinatumomab harness the cytotoxic activity of T cells against CD19-positive lymphoblasts. Another strategy involves the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. CAR T cells have demonstrated promising results in the relapsed/refractory setting. However, the use of BiTEs and CAR T cells is also associated with a distinct set of adverse reactions that must be taken into account by the treating physician. Apart from the above strategies, the use of other targeted therapies has attracted interest. Namely, the discovery of the Philadelphia (Ph)-like signature in children and young adults with ALL has led to the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in these patients. The different drugs and strategies that are being tested in the relapsed/refractory ALL setting pose a unique challenge in identifying the optimum sequence of treatment and determining which approaches should be considered for frontline treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anjali S. Advani
- Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44120, USA
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Bostrom
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Program, Children’s Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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16
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Zahid MF. The role of bortezomib in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Future Oncol 2016; 12:1861-4. [PMID: 27173950 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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17
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Valéra MC, Noirrit-Esclassan E, Pasquet M, Vaysse F. Oral complications and dental care in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 44:483-9. [PMID: 25243950 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute leukaemia is the most common type of childhood cancer, the acute lymphoblastic type accounting for the majority of cases. Children affected by leukaemia receive various forms of treatments including chemotherapeutic agents and stem cell transplants. Leukaemia and its treatment can directly or indirectly affect oral health and further dental treatments. The oral complications include mucositis, opportunistic infections, gingival inflammation and bleeding, xerostomia and carious lesions. An additional consideration in children is the impact of the treatments on the developing dentition and on orofacial growth. The aim of this review is to describe the oral complications in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and the methods of prevention and management before, during and after the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Cécile Valéra
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, France.,CHU de Toulouse, Service d'odontologie pédiatrique, Toulouse, France.,INSERM U1048, I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuelle Noirrit-Esclassan
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, France.,CHU de Toulouse, Service d'odontologie pédiatrique, Toulouse, France
| | - Marléne Pasquet
- CHU Toulouse, Service d'hématologie pédiatrique, Toulouse, France.,INSERM U1037, CRCT Equipe 16, Toulouse, France
| | - Fréderic Vaysse
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, France.,CHU de Toulouse, Service d'odontologie pédiatrique, Toulouse, France
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18
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Li NN, Lin J, Gao D, Zhang LM. A macromolecular prodrug strategy for combinatorial drug delivery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 417:301-9. [PMID: 24407691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A novel macromolecular prodrug strategy was developed for the combinatorial delivery of two poorly water-soluble drugs, dexamethasone and doxorubicin. In this work, dexamethasone was firstly conjugated onto a water-soluble modified polysaccharide by an acid-labile hydrazone linkage. The resultant macromolecular prodrug had an amphiphilic character and could self-assemble into spherical polymeric micelles in aqueous system. With these micelles, doxorubicin was then encapsulated into their hydrophobic cores. For the conjugated dexamethasone and encapsulated doxorubicin, they could exhibit independent and acid-sensitive release characteristics. For the doxorubicin-loaded prodrug micelles, they were easily be internalized by living cells and showed obvious antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Li
- DSAPM Lab and PCFM Lab, Department of Polymer and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiantao Lin
- DSAPM Lab and PCFM Lab, Department of Polymer and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Di Gao
- DSAPM Lab and PCFM Lab, Department of Polymer and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- DSAPM Lab and PCFM Lab, Department of Polymer and Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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19
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Grassadonia A, Cioffi P, Simiele F, Iezzi L, Zilli M, Natoli C. Role of Hydroxamate-Based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (Hb-HDACIs) in the Treatment of Solid Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2013; 5:919-42. [PMID: 24202327 PMCID: PMC3795372 DOI: 10.3390/cancers5030919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase inhibitors (Hb-HDACIs), such as vorinostat, belinostat and panobinostat, have been previously shown to have a wide range of activity in hematologic malignancies such as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Recent data show that they synergize with a variety of cytotoxic and molecular targeted agents in many different solid tumors, including breast, prostate, pancreatic, lung and ovarian cancer. Hb-HDACIs have a quite good toxicity profile and are now being tested in phase I and II clinical trials in solid tumors with promising results in selected neoplasms, such as hepatocarcinoma. This review will focus on their clinical activity and safety in patients with advanced solid neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Grassadonia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University ’G. d’Annunzio’, I-66013 Chieti, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Pasquale Cioffi
- Hospital Pharmacy, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, I-66013 Chieti, Italy; E-Mails: (P.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Felice Simiele
- Hospital Pharmacy, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, I-66013 Chieti, Italy; E-Mails: (P.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Laura Iezzi
- Oncology Department, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, I-66013 Chieti, Italy; E-Mails: (L.I.); (M.Z.)
| | - Marinella Zilli
- Oncology Department, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, I-66013 Chieti, Italy; E-Mails: (L.I.); (M.Z.)
| | - Clara Natoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University ’G. d’Annunzio’, I-66013 Chieti, Italy; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +39-0871-355-6708; Fax: +39-0871-355-6732
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