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Lim S, Lee GY, Park HS, Lee DH, Tae Jung O, Kyoung Min K, Kim YB, Jun HS, Hak Chul J, Park KS. Attenuation of carotid neointimal formation after direct delivery of a recombinant adenovirus expressing glucagon-like peptide-1 in diabetic rats. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 113:183-194. [PMID: 27702762 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Enhancement of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) reduces glucose levels and preserves pancreatic β-cell function, but its effect against restenosis is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the effect of subcutaneous injection of exenatide or local delivery of a recombinant adenovirus expressing GLP-1 (rAd-GLP-1) into carotid artery, in reducing the occurrence of restenosis following balloon injury. As a control, we inserted β-galactosidase cDNA in the same vector (rAd-βGAL). Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima rats were assigned to three groups (n = 12 each): (1) normal saline plus rAd-βGAL delivery (NS + rAd-βGAL), (2) exenatide plus rAd-βGAL delivery (Exenatide + rAd-βGAL), and (3) normal saline plus rAd-GLP-1 delivery (NS + rAd-GLP-1). Normal saline or exenatide were administered subcutaneously from 1 week before to 2 weeks after carotid injury. After 3 weeks, the NS + rAd-βGAL group showed the highest intima-media ratio (IMR; 3.73 ± 0.90), the exenatide + rAd-βGAL treatment was the next highest (2.80 ± 0.51), and NS + rAd-GLP-1 treatment showed the lowest IMR (1.58 ± 0.48, P < 0.05 vs. others). The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells and monocyte adhesion were decreased significantly after rAd-GLP-1 treatment, showing the same overall patterns as the IMR. In injured vessels, the apoptosis was greater and MMP2 expression was less in the NS + rAd-GLP-1 than in the exenatide or rAd-βGAL groups. In vitro expressions of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappa-B-p65 translocation were decreased more in the NS + rAd-GLP-1 group than in the other two groups (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Direct GLP-1 overexpression showed better protection against restenosis after balloon injury via suppression of vascular smooth muscle cell migration, increased apoptosis, and decreased inflammatory processes than systemic exenatide treatment. This has potential therapeutic implications for treating macrovascular complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gha Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ho Seon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Oh Tae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kim Kyoung Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; and
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jang Hak Chul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;
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Pleva L, Kusnierova P, Plevova P, Zapletalova J, Karpisek M, Faldynova L, Kovarova P, Kukla P. Increased levels of MMP-3, MMP-9 and MPO represent predictors of in-stent restenosis, while increased levels of ADMA, LCAT, ApoE and ApoD predict bare metal stent patency. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2015; 159:586-94. [PMID: 26365933 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2015.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We sought to identify biochemical predictors that indicate susceptibility to in-stent restenosis (ISR) after coronary artery bare-metal stenting. METHODS A total of 111 consecutive patients with post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in-stent restenosis of a target lesion within 12 months were matched for age, sex, vessel diameter, and diabetes with 111 controls without post-PCI ISR. Plasma or serum levels of biochemical markers were measured: matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2, 3, 9; myeloperoxidase (MPO); asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA); lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]); apolipoproteins E and D (ApoE and D); and lecitin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). Multivariable logistic regression association tests were performed. RESULTS Increased plasma MMP-3 (OR: 1.013; 95% CI: 1.004-1.023; P = 0.005), MMP-9 (OR: 1.014; 95% CI: 1.008-1.020; P < 0.0001) or MPO (OR: 1,003; 95% CI: 1.001-1.005; P = 0.002) was significantly associated with increased risk of ISR. Increased levels of ADMA (OR: 0.212; 95% CI: 0.054-0.827; P = 0.026), ApoE (OR: 0.924; 95% CI: 0.899-0.951; P < 0.0001), ApoD (OR: 0.919; 95% CI: 0.880-0.959; P = 0.0001), or LCAT (OR: 0.927; 95% CI: 0.902-0.952; P < 0.0001) was associated with risk reduction. No correlation was found between plasma MMP-2 or Lp (a) and ISR risk. CONCLUSIONS Increased levels of MMP-3, MMP-9, and MPO represent predictors of ISR after bare-metal stent implantation. In contrast, increased ADMA, LCAT, and Apo E and D indicate a decreased in-stent restenosis occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leos Pleva
- Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Ostrava
| | - Pavlina Kusnierova
- Department of Biomedical Sciencies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava
| | - Pavlina Plevova
- Department of Biomedical Sciencies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava.,Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Ostrava
| | - Jana Zapletalova
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc
| | | | - Lucie Faldynova
- Department of Biomedical Sciencies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava.,Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Ostrava
| | - Petra Kovarova
- Department of Biomedical Sciencies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava.,Blood Center, University Hospital of Ostrava
| | - Pavel Kukla
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Ostrava
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Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are an important class of endopeptidases, having a role in a diverse range of physiological and pathological processes. This chapter provides an overview of the key regulatory processes in MMP production and activation. The common techniques used to assess MMP activity are discussed and their various strengths and weaknesses presented. This comparison of methodologies is specifically intended to aid any investigator who wishes to determine the most appropriate analytical method for their future studies because any investigation of MMPs in biological samples should be cognizant of the key mechanisms influencing the expression and activity of these proteinases. The endogenous, preanalytic and analytic chemistry of MMP activation influences the interpretation of the various techniques widely employed throughout the literature. Therefore, the ability to accurately evaluate the true endogenous activity of MMPs is heavily dependent on a clear understanding of these processes.
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