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Dâmaso AR, Tock L, Figueiredo N, Corgosinho FC. What is the best clinical approach to adolescents with obesity and metabolic syndrome? Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2023; 18:267-269. [PMID: 37450420 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2236693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Raimunda Dâmaso
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo - Paulista Medicine School - UNIFESP -EPM - Sao Paulo UNIFESP-EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lian Tock
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo - Paulista Medicine School - UNIFESP -EPM - Sao Paulo UNIFESP-EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayra Figueiredo
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | - Flávia Campos Corgosinho
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias -- PPGNUT- FANUT-UFG, Goiania, Brazil
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Wang Y, Hu C. Leptin and Asthma: What Are the Interactive Correlations? Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121780. [PMID: 36551211 PMCID: PMC9775505 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is an adipokine directly correlated with the proinflammatory obese-associated phenotype. Leptin has been demonstrated to inhibit adipogenesis, promote fat demarcation, promote a chronic inflammatory state, increase insulin sensitivity, and promote angiogenesis. Leptin, a regulator of the immune response, is implicated in the pathology of asthma. Studies involved in the key cell reaction and animal models of asthma have provided vital insights into the proinflammatory role of leptin in asthma. Many studies described the immune cell and related cellular pathways activated by leptin, which are beneficial in asthma development and increasing exacerbations. Subsequent studies relating to animal models support the role of leptin in increasing inflammatory cell infiltration, airway hyperresponsiveness, and inflammatory responses. However, the conclusive effects of leptin in asthma are not well elaborated. In the present study, we explored the general functions and the clinical cohort study supporting the association between leptin and asthma. The main objective of our review is to address the knowns and unknowns of leptin on asthma. In this perspective, the arguments about the different faces of leptin in asthma are provided to picture the potential directions, thus yielding a better understanding of asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence:
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Regulatory Peptides in Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413656. [PMID: 34948451 PMCID: PMC8707337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous regulatory peptides play a critical role in the pathogenesis of airway inflammation, airflow obstruction and hyperresponsiveness, which are hallmarks of asthma. Some of them exacerbate asthma symptoms, such as neuropeptide Y and tachykinins, while others have ameliorating properties, such as nociception, neurotensin or β-defensin 2. Interacting with peptide receptors located in the lungs or on immune cells opens up new therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of asthma, especially when it is resistant to available therapies. This article provides a concise review of the most important and current findings regarding the involvement of regulatory peptides in asthma pathology.
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Adiponectin and Asthma: Knowns, Unknowns and Controversies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168971. [PMID: 34445677 PMCID: PMC8396527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipokine associated with the healthy obese phenotype. Adiponectin increases insulin sensitivity and has cardio and vascular protection actions. Studies related to adiponectin, a modulator of the innate and acquired immunity response, have suggested a role of this molecule in asthma. Studies based on various asthma animal models and on the key cells involved in the allergic response have provided important insights about this relation. Some of them indicated protection and others reversed the balance towards negative effects. Many of them described the cellular pathways activated by adiponectin, which are potentially beneficial for asthma prevention or for reduction in the risk of exacerbations. However, conclusive proofs about their efficiency still need to be provided. In this article, we will, briefly, present the general actions of adiponectin and the epidemiological studies supporting the relation with asthma. The main focus of the current review is on the mechanisms of adiponectin and the impact on the pathobiology of asthma. From this perspective, we will provide arguments for and against the positive influence of this molecule in asthma, also indicating the controversies and sketching out the potential directions of research to complete the picture.
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Jung HC, Jeon S, Lee NH, Kim K, Kang M, Lee S. Effects of exercise intervention on visceral fat in obese children and adolescents. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2018; 59:1045-1057. [PMID: 30035473 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18.08935-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This meta-analysis study was aimed to assess the effects of exercise intervention on visceral fat in obese children and adolescents. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Electronic database searches were performed in Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Healthsource, MEDLINE, and SportDiscus, and from the earliest record to November 2017. Keywords included "exercise or training," "visceral fat," and "child or adolescent or youth." The inclusion criteria for eligible studies were as follows: 1) subjects were obese at baseline; 2) aged 6-19 years; 3) visceral fat was reported at baseline and after an intervention; and 4) studies were published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 207 studies were observed at the initial search and 73 effect sizes (ESs) were derived from the 34 selected studies. The overall exercise intervention effect was large (Cohen's d [ES]=-1.003, 95% CI=-1.114, -0.892). Moderator analyses results showed that gender (Qb=8.23, df=2, P=0.016), exercise type (Qb=10.68, df=2, P=0.005), and intervention length (Qb=24.71, df=2, P<0.001) influenced the overall ES. CONCLUSIONS The group of both boys and girls (ES=-0.95) who participated combined exercise program (Aerobic + Resistance training; ES=-1.17) for 12 months (ES=-1.24) appeared to be the most effective exercise strategy for reducing visceral fat in obese youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun C Jung
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Soeun Jeon
- Department of Counseling, Health, and Kinesiology, College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nan H Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kyungun Kim
- Department of Nutrition and Kinesiology, College of Health, Science & Technology, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Minsoo Kang
- Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Sukho Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA -
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Lecube A, Simó R, Pallayova M, Punjabi NM, López-Cano C, Turino C, Hernández C, Barbé F. Pulmonary Function and Sleep Breathing: Two New Targets for Type 2 Diabetes Care. Endocr Rev 2017; 38:550-573. [PMID: 28938479 DOI: 10.1210/er.2017-00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Population-based studies showing the negative impact of type 2 diabetes (T2D) on lung function are overviewed. Among the well-recognized pathophysiological mechanisms, the metabolic pathways related to insulin resistance (IR), low-grade chronic inflammation, leptin resistance, microvascular damage, and autonomic neuropathy are emphasized. Histopathological changes are exposed, and findings reported from experimental models are clearly differentiated from those described in humans. The accelerated decline in pulmonary function that appears in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) with related abnormalities of glucose tolerance and diabetes is considered as an example to further investigate the relationship between T2D and the lung. Furthermore, a possible causal link between antihyperglycemic therapies and pulmonary function is examined. T2D similarly affects breathing during sleep, becoming an independent risk factor for higher rates of sleep apnea, leading to nocturnal hypoxemia and daytime sleepiness. Therefore, the impact of T2D on sleep breathing and its influence on sleep architecture is analyzed. Finally, the effect of improving some pathophysiological mechanisms, primarily IR and inflammation, as well as the optimization of blood glucose control on sleep breathing is evaluated. In summary, the lung should be considered by those providing care for people with diabetes and raise the central issue of whether the normalization of glucose levels can improve pulmonary function and ameliorate sleep-disordered breathing. Therefore, patients with T2D should be considered a vulnerable group for pulmonary dysfunction. However, further research aimed at elucidating how to screen for the lung impairment in the population with diabetes in a cost-effective manner is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Lecube
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Rafael Simó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Pallayova
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine.,Department of Human Physiology and Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Slovak Republic
| | - Naresh M Punjabi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University.,Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Carolina López-Cano
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Spain
| | - Cecilia Turino
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova-Santa María, Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Barbé
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova-Santa María, Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
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7
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Giudici KV, Martini LA. Comparison between body mass index and a body shape index with adiponectin/leptin ratio and markers of glucose metabolism among adolescents. Ann Hum Biol 2017; 44:489-494. [PMID: 28482705 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2017.1327617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides body mass index (BMI), new parameters have been developed to classify individual body shape. AIM To investigate the relationship between BMI, waist circumference (WC), a body shape index (ABSI) and ABSI-adolescents among adolescents and verify which would better predict lower adiponectin/leptin (A/L) ratio and disturbances on glucose metabolism. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study with 197 Brazilian adolescents of 14-18 years. Serum leptin, adiponectin, glucose and insulin were measured. A/L ratio, ABSI, ABSI-adolescents, BMI, homeostasis model assessment estimates of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were calculated. RESULTS ABSI-adolescents positively correlated with WC (r = 0.83, p < 0.0001) and BMI (r = 0.66, p < 0.0001), but stronger correlations were observed between WC and BMI (r = 0.95, p < 0.0001). ABSI-adolescents, BMI and WC negatively correlated with A/L ratio (all p < 0.0001). The correlation between BMI and A/L ratio was the strongest (r = -0.63, p < 0.001). A/L ratio, BMI, WC and ABSI-adolescents correlated with markers of glucose metabolism (all p < 0.0001) and the strongest correlation was observed with BMI (QUICKI: r = -0.75; HOMA-IR: r = 0.76; HOMA-β: r = 0.77; insulin: r = 0.79). Associations were confirmed by linear regression analysis, adjusted for sex and age. CONCLUSIONS ABSI-adolescents, but not ABSI, was related to A/L ratio and to markers of glucose metabolism, but not more strongly than BMI and WC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ligia Araujo Martini
- a Nutrition Department , University of Sao Paulo, School of Public Health , Sao Paulo , Brazil
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Ballantyne D, Scott H, MacDonald-Wicks L, Gibson PG, Wood LG. Resistin is a predictor of asthma risk and resistin:adiponectin ratio is a negative predictor of lung function in asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:1056-65. [PMID: 27079485 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines, such as resistin and adiponectin, modify inflammation and may contribute to increased asthma risk and severity in obese people. OBJECTIVE To examine plasma resistin and resistin:adiponectin ratio (i) in asthmatics compared to healthy controls, (ii) according to asthma severity, obesity and gender (iii) following weight loss in obese asthmatics. METHODS In a cross-sectional observational study of asthmatic adults (n = 96) and healthy controls (n = 46), plasma resistin and adiponectin were measured. In a separate intervention study, obese asthmatic adults (n = 27) completed a 10-week weight loss intervention and plasma resistin and adiponectin concentrations were analysed. RESULTS Plasma resistin and resistin:adiponectin ratio were higher in asthma compared to controls and were higher again in subjects with a severe vs. mild-to-moderate asthma pattern. Amongst asthmatic subjects, resistin was not modified by gender or obesity, while adiponectin was lower in males and obese subjects. As a result, resistin:adiponectin ratio was higher in obese males, non-obese males and obese females, compared to non-obese females. In a logistic regression model, plasma resistin concentration was a predictor of asthma risk. In a multiple linear regression model, plasma resistin:adiponectin ratio was a negative predictor of FEV1 in asthma. Following weight loss, neither resistin, adiponectin nor resistin:adiponectin ratio was changed. However, the change (∆) in %body fat was associated with ∆ resistin:adiponectin ratio. Post-intervention ∆ resistin was negatively correlated with both ∆FRC and ∆RV. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study demonstrates that resistin and resistin:adiponectin ratio are higher in asthma and are higher again in subjects who have more severe disease. Resistin:adiponectin ratio is highest in obese male asthmatics. As resistin is a predictor of asthma risk and resistin:adiponectin is a predictor of FEV1 in asthma, these adipokines may be contributing to the obese asthma phenotype, thus providing a potential therapeutic target for obese asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ballantyne
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - H Scott
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - L MacDonald-Wicks
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - P G Gibson
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - L G Wood
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Qin L, Yang Z, Zhang W, Gu H, Lu S, Shi Q, Xing Y, Li X, Li R, Ning G, Su Q. Association between metabolic syndrome and lung function in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2015; 108:e46-8. [PMID: 25818886 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) had lower FVC and FEV1 than non-MetS subjects and decreased gradually with the increasing number of MetS components. After adjusting for potential risk factors, the lowest quartile of FVC and FEV1 was associated with increased risk of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Li
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Kim SH, Sutherland ER, Gelfand EW. Is there a link between obesity and asthma? ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014; 6:189-95. [PMID: 24843792 PMCID: PMC4021235 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2014.6.3.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increasing epidemiological data identify a link between obesity and asthma incidence and severity. Based on experimental data, it is possible that shared inflammatory mechanisms play a role in determining this linkage. Although controversial, the role of adipokines may be central to this association and the maintenance of the asthma phenotype. While leptin and adiponectin have a causal link to experimental asthma in mice, data in humans are less conclusive. Recent studies demonstrate that adipokines can regulate the survival and function of eosinophils and that these factors can affect eosinophil trafficking from the bone marrow to the airways. In addition, efferocytosis, the clearance of dead cells, by airway macrophages or blood monocytes appears impaired in obese asthmatics and is inversely correlated with glucocorticoid responsiveness. This review examines the potential mechanisms linking obesity to asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ha Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | | | - Erwin W. Gelfand
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
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11
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Wei T, Lu L, Shen Q, Fang C. [Advances of the relationship between leptin system and non-small cell lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2014; 17:347-50. [PMID: 24758911 PMCID: PMC6000024 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2014.04.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
瘦素系统在肺部炎症反应、癌症发生发展等过程中发挥重要作用,但是其在肿瘤微环境中的作用机理、对肺癌的诊断价值仍不明晰。本文就瘦素系统与非小细胞肺癌之间的关系,从瘦素及其受体在循环和肿瘤组织中的表达变化、瘦素信号转导通路、瘦素与调节性T细胞的相互作用和瘦素及其受体的基因多态性等方面进行叙述,以期为非小细胞肺癌的诊治提供新方法。
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Wei
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Longkun Lu
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chaoping Fang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Pathak RR, Grover A, Malaney P, Quarni W, Pandit A, Allen-Gipson D, Davé V. Loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) induces leptin-mediated leptin gene expression: feed-forward loop operating in the lung. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:29821-35. [PMID: 23963458 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.481523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of systemic and pulmonary leptin are associated with diseases related to lung injury and lung cancer. However, the role of leptin in lung biology and pathology, including the mechanism of leptin gene expression in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, including lung cancer, remains elusive. Here, using conditional deletion of tumor suppressor gene Pten in the lung epithelium in vivo in transgenic mice and human PTEN-null lung epithelial cells, we identify the leptin-driven feed-forward signaling loop in the lung epithelial cells. Leptin-mediated leptin/leptin-receptor gene expression likely amplifies leptin signaling that may contribute to the pathogenesis and severity of lung diseases, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Loss of Pten in the lung epithelial cells in vivo activated adipokine signaling and induced leptin synthesis as ascertained by genome-wide mRNA profiling and pathway analysis. Leptin gene transcription was mediated by binding of transcription factors NRF-1 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein δ (C/EBP) to the proximal promoter regions and STAT3 to the distal promoter regions as revealed by leptin promoter-mutation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and gain- and loss-of-function studies in lung epithelial cells. Leptin treatment induced expression of the leptin/leptin receptor in the lung epithelial cells via activation of MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. Expression of constitutively active MEK-1, AKT, and STAT3 proteins increased expression, and treatment with MEK, PI3K, AKT, and mTOR inhibitors decreased LEP expression, indicating that leptin via MAPK/ERK1/2, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and JAK2/STAT3 pathways, in turn, further induces its own gene expression. Thus, targeted inhibition of the leptin-mediated feed-forward loop provides a novel rationale for pharmacotherapy of disease associated with lung injury and remodeling, including lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Ramesh Pathak
- From the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Morsani College of Medicine
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