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Bonomo P, Loi M, Desideri I, Olmetto E, Delli Paoli C, Terziani F, Greto D, Mangoni M, Scoccianti S, Simontacchi G, Francolini G, Meattini I, Caini S, Livi L. Incidence of skin toxicity in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with radiotherapy and cetuximab: A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 120:98-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Management of Skin Reactions During Cetuximab Treatment in Association With Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy: Update of the Italian Expert Recommendations. Am J Clin Oncol 2017; 39:407-15. [PMID: 27077276 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cetuximab was shown in phase III clinical trials to improve chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced colorectal and head-neck cancer. Appropriate management of skin reactions associated with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor therapy is necessary to allow adequate drug compliance and to improve patient quality of life and outcomes. METHODS The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method was used by a group of experts to produce new Italian recommendations on the management of skin reactions in this setting. Statements were generated on the basis of an updated systematic review of the literature and rated twice by a panel of 38 expert physicians. A meeting of the panel was held after the first rating session. RESULTS Skin reactions included acneiformic rash, skin dryness (xerosis), pruritus, paronychia, hair abnormalities, mucositis, and increased growth of eyelashes or facial hair. Updates of the previous recommendations on the prevention and treatment of each type of reaction were proposed. CONCLUSIONS This updated Expert Opinion focuses on how to assess and correctly grade skin reactions according to the latest National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events and on how to manage these adverse events in clinical practice.
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Franco P, Martini S, Di Muzio J, Cavallin C, Arcadipane F, Rampino M, Ostellino O, Pecorari G, Garzino Demo P, Fasolis M, Airoldi M, Ricardi U. Prospective assessment of oral mucositis and its impact on quality of life and patient-reported outcomes during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Med Oncol 2017; 34:81. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-0950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Villavicencio M, Granados-García M, Vilajosana E, Domínguez-Cherit J. Management of radiodermatitis associated with cetuximab in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Int J Dermatol 2017; 56:602-609. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Granados-García
- Head and Neck Cancer Department; Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan); CDMX México
| | - Esther Vilajosana
- Medical Oncology Department; Institut Catalá Oncología; Barcelona Spain
| | - Judith Domínguez-Cherit
- Dermatology Department; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran (INCMNSZ); CDMX México
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Management of acute skin toxicity with Hypericum perforatum and neem oil during platinum-based concurrent chemo-radiation in head and neck cancer patients. Med Oncol 2017; 34:30. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-0886-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
Chronic radiation dermatitis is a late side effect of skin irradiation, which may deteriorate patients’ quality of life. There is a lack of precise data about its incidence; however, several risk factors may predispose to the development of this condition. It includes radiotherapy dose, fractionation, technique, concurrent systemic therapy, comorbidities, and personal and genetic factors. Chronic radiation dermatitis is mostly caused by the imbalance of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines. Clinical manifestation includes changes in skin appearance, wounds, ulcerations, necrosis, fibrosis, and secondary cancers. The most severe complication of irradiation is extensive radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF). RIF can manifest in many ways, such as skin induration and retraction, lymphedema or restriction of joint motion. Diagnosis of chronic radiation dermatitis is usually made by clinical examination. In case of unclear clinical manifestation, a biopsy and histopathological examination are recommended to exclude secondary malignancy. The most effective prophylaxis of chronic radiation dermatitis is the use of proper radiation therapy techniques to avoid unnecessary irradiation of healthy skin. Treatment of chronic radiation dermatitis is demanding. The majority of the interventions are based only on clinical practice. Telangiectasia may be treated with pulse dye laser therapy. Chronic postirradiation wounds need special dressings. In case of necrosis or severe ulceration, surgical intervention may be considered. Management of RIF should be complex. Available methods are rehabilitative care, pharmacotherapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and laser therapy. Future challenges include the assessment of late skin toxicity in modern irradiation techniques. Special attention should be paid on genomics and radiomics that allow scientists and clinicians to select patients who are at risk of the development of chronic radiation dermatitis. Novel treatment methods and clinical trials are strongly needed to provide more efficacious therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Spałek
- Department of Radiotherapy I, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
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Zhu G, Lin JC, Kim SB, Bernier J, Agarwal JP, Vermorken JB, Thinh DHQ, Cheng HC, Yun HJ, Chitapanarux I, Lertsanguansinchai P, Reddy VA, He X. Asian expert recommendation on management of skin and mucosal effects of radiation, with or without the addition of cetuximab or chemotherapy, in treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:42. [PMID: 26817597 PMCID: PMC4730602 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2073-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing numbers of patients with unresectable locoregionally advanced (LA) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) receiving cetuximab/radiotherapy (RT), several guidelines on the early detection and management of skin-related toxicities have been developed. Considering the existing management guidelines for these treatment-induced conditions, clinical applicability and standardization of grading methods has remained a cause of concern globally, particularly in Asian countries. In this study, we attempted to collate the literature and clinical experience across Asian countries to compile a practical and implementable set of recommendations for Asian oncologists to manage skin- and mucosa-related toxicities arising from different types of radiation, with or without the addition of cetuximab or chemotherapy. In December 2013, an international panel of experts in the field of head and neck cancer management assembled for an Asia-Pacific head and neck cancer expert panel meeting in China. The compilation of discussion outcomes of this meeting and literature data ultimately led to the development of a set of recommendations for physicians with regards to the approach and management of dermatological conditions arising from RT, chemotherapy/RT and cetuximab/RT, and similarly for the approach and management of mucositis resulting from RT, with or without the addition of chemotherapy or cetuximab. These recommendations helped to adapt guidelines published in the literature or text books into bedside practice, and may also serve as a starting point for developing individual institutional side-effect management protocols with adequate training and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guopei Zhu
- />Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Ching Lin
- />Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Jan B. Vermorken
- />University of Antwerp (UA) and Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Edegem, Belgium
| | | | | | - Hwan Jung Yun
- />Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Xia He
- />Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Franco P, Potenza I, Moretto F, Segantin M, Grosso M, Lombardo A, Taricco D, Vallario P, Filippi AR, Rampino M, Ricardi U. Hypericum perforatum and neem oil for the management of acute skin toxicity in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiation or chemo-radiation: a single-arm prospective observational study. Radiat Oncol 2014; 9:297. [PMID: 25544371 PMCID: PMC4300176 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-014-0297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation dermatitis is common in patients treated with combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy for head and neck malignancies. Its timely and adequate management is of uttermost importance for both oncological outcomes and global quality of life. We prospectively evaluated the role of hypericum perforatum and neem oil (Holoil®; RIMOS srl, Mirandola, Italy) in the treatment of acute skin toxicity for patients undergoing radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. METHODS A consecutive series of 28 head and neck cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy (RT) was enrolled onto this mono-institutional single-arm prospective observational study. Patients undergoing both definitive or post-operative radiotherapy were allowed, either as exclusive modality or combined with (concomitant or induction) chemotherapy. We started Holoil treatment whenever bright erythema, moderate oedema or patchy moist desquamation were observed. Holoil® was used during all RT course and during follow up time, until acute skin toxicity recovery. RESULTS The maximum detected acute skin toxicity was Grade 1 in 7% of patients, Grade 2 in 68%, Grade 3 in 25%, while at the end of RT was Grade 0 in 3.5%, Grade 1 in 32%, Grade 2 in 61%, Grade 3 in 3.5%. For patients having G2 acute skin toxicity, it mainly started at weeks 4-5; for those having G3, it began during weeks 5-6. Median times spent with G2 or G3 toxicity were 17.5 and 11 days. Patients having G2 acute skin toxicity had a dermatitis worsening in 27% of case (median occurrence time: 7 days). G3 events were reconverted to a G2 profile in all patients (median time: 7 days). Those experiencing a G2 skin event were converted to a G1 score in 23% of cases (median time: 14 days). Time between maximum acute skin toxicity and complete skin recovery after RT was 27 days. CONCLUSIONS Holoil® proved to be a safe and active option in the management of acute skin toxicity in head and neck cancer patients submitted to RT or chemo-radiotherapy. A prophylactic effect in the prevention of moist desquamation may be hypothesized for hypericum and neem oil and need to be tested within a prospective controlled study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Franco
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Ilenia Potenza
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesco Moretto
- Radiotherapy Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Mattia Segantin
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Mario Grosso
- Radiotherapy Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Antonello Lombardo
- ENT Surgery Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Daniela Taricco
- Radiotherapy Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Vallario
- Radiotherapy Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Andrea Riccardo Filippi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Monica Rampino
- Radiotherapy Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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Fauvel B, Yasri A. Antibodies directed against receptor tyrosine kinases: current and future strategies to fight cancer. MAbs 2014; 6:838-51. [PMID: 24859229 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.29089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 30 therapeutic monoclonal antibodies have already been approved for cancers and inflammatory diseases, and monoclonal antibodies continue to be one of the fastest growing classes of therapeutic molecules. Because aberrant signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) is a commonly observed factor in cancer, most of the subclasses of RTKs are being extensively studied as potential targets for treating malignancies. The first two RTKs that have been targeted by antibody therapy, with five currently marketed antibodies, are the growth factor receptors EGFR and HER2. However, due to systemic side effects, refractory patients and the development of drug resistance, these treatments are being challenged by emerging therapeutics. This review examines current monoclonal antibody therapies against RTKs. After an analysis of agents that have already been approved, we present an analysis of antibodies in clinical development that target RTKs. Finally, we highlight promising RTKs that are emerging as new oncological targets for antibody-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aziz Yasri
- OriBase Pharma; Cap Gamma; Parc Euromédecine; Montpellier, France
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